Monitoring the invasion of an exotic tree with Landsat TMETM+ satellite data and SVM in Cordoba

永乐群岛5个岛屿害虫普查及安全性评估作者：陈青梁晓伍春玲陈谦来源：《热带作物学报》2020年第01期摘要：永樂群岛岛礁植物虫害发生与危害状况迄今未见报道。

为了有效监控永乐群岛外来有害生物的入侵、定殖扩散与爆发成灾，本研究对永乐群岛5个岛屿的害虫进行了系统性普查及安全性评估。

结果表明，永乐群岛5个岛屿97种野生盐生植物、绿色固沙植物、耐盐蔬菜上共查获害虫（螨）83种，其中，晋卿岛38种植物上共发现26种害虫（螨）发生危害;甘泉岛30种植物上共发现20种害虫（螨）发生危害;银屿16种植物上共发现14种害虫（螨）发生危害;鸭公岛5种植物上共发现12种害虫（螨）发生危害;羚羊礁10种植物上共发现12种害虫发生危害。

调查首次发现扶桑绵粉蚧（Phenacoccus solenopsis）、新菠萝灰粉蚧（Dysmicoccus neobrevipes）、美洲斑潜蝇（Liriomyza sativae）、拟三色星灯蛾（Utetheisa lotrix）、蔷薇三节叶蜂（Arge geei）、榕蓟马（Gynaikothrips ficorum）、朱砂叶螨（Tetranychus cinnabarinus）等危险性害虫在5个岛屿32种植物生严重发生和危害。

针对国家检疫性毁灭性害虫扶桑绵粉蚧、新菠萝灰粉蚧安全性评估结果表明，这2种害虫的风险评估指数R值分别为2.21和2.23，在永乐群岛均属于高度危险有害生物，应严格管控。

本研究对于可持续防控永乐群岛岛礁植物虫害的发生危害和保护生态环境、保障当地宜居环境和岛礁作物安全生产，均具有十分重要的理论与实际意义。

关键词：永乐群岛;害虫普查;安全性评估中图分类号：S431.191 文献标识码：APest Survey and Safety Assessment on Five Islands of YongleArchipelagoCHEN Qing， LIANG Xiao， WU Chunling， CHEN QianEnvironment and Plant Protection Institute， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests / Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Control of Tropical Crops Diseases and Insect Pests， Haikou， Hainan 571101， ChinaAbstract： The occurrence and damage of plant pests on the islands of Yongle Archipelago have not been reported so far. In order to effectively monitor the invasion， colonization， diffusion and outbreak of exotic pests in Yongle Archipelago， a systematic survey and safety assessment of pests in the five islands of Yongle Archipelago were conducted. The results showed that 83 pests （mites）were found on 97 species of wild halophytes， green sand-fixing plants and salt-tolerant vegetables in the five islands， of which 26 pests （mites） were found on 38 plants in Jinqing Island， 20 pests （mites） were found on 30 plants in Ganquan Island， 14 pests （mites） were found on 16 plants in Yinyu Island， 12 pests （mites） were found on 5 plants on Yagong Island and 12 pests were found on 10 plants of Antelope Reef. The above results are the first reports of plant pests （mites）on the five islands of Yongle Archipelago. In present survey， Phenacoccus solenopsis，Dysmicoccus neobrevipes， Liriomyza sativae， Utetheisa lotrix， Arge geei， Gynaikothrips ficorum and Tetranychus cinnabarinus were first found to seriously infested 32 species of plants on the five islands. In addition， according to the safety assessment results of the national quarantine destructive pests， Michelia fusanensis and M. neopineapple， the risk assessment indices R of thetwo pests was 2.21 and 2.23， respectively. They were highly dangerous pests in Yongle Islands and should be strictly controlled. This study is of important theoretical and practical significance for the sustainable prevention and control of plant pests， the ecological environment as well as the crop safety on Yongle Archipelago.Keywords： Yongle Archipelago; pest survey; safety assessmentDOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.01.021海岛作为海上的陆地，是海洋开发的前哨和基地，其优越的地理位置、特殊的战略地位、险要的军事战略要冲、复杂多样和脆弱的生态环境、渔港等丰富的优势资源以及全方位辐射交往的特殊功能，决定着海岛具有广阔的开发前景[1-3]。

2024年苏州市新区实验中学（科技城）高二上10月月考英语试题一、阅读理解1．How many free book（s）can one get if he orders 12 books?A．1.B．2.C．6D．12.2．If one prefers stories of romance and country life, which books will you recommend?A．Our country Friends and Summer at Promise Tower.B．The Vintage Shop and Summer at Willowtree Farm.C．The Country Village Summer Fete and The Wisdom of Sally Red Shoes.D．Life and Love at Mulberry Lane and Golden Dreams.3．What information is NOT a must to provide when booking?A．ID number.B．Payment information.C．Address.D．Card security number.A 20-year-old international student from England was saved from a potentially fatal stroke August 2024 in Suzhou, Jiangsu province, thanks to the city’s rapid and integrated emergency medical response.The student collapsed on Aug 12 while participating in a summer exchange program at a university in Suzhou. His breathing was faint, and he lost consciousness after falling.Yang Xiaoping, from Suzhou’s emergency command center, received the emergency call and quickly determined that the patient required immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Yang was joined by Zhou Jie, an ICU physician from Suzhou Hospital, who provided precise guidance on executing CPR and other pre-hospital medical procedures via an online first aid platform, supported by nearby bystanders. They also instructed on the use of an automated external defibrillator (AED).Once the ambulance arrived, the patient was connected to an electronic CPR device to maintain uninterrupted chest compressions during transport. Paramedics transmitted his vital signs and other critical data to the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University.Upon arrival at the hospital, the emergency team continued CPR for seven more minutes until they successfully recovered a heartbeat and pulse. After completing CT scans and other tests, the patient was diagnosed with a stroke triggered by brain inflammation and was transferred to the intensive care unit.Over the following week, the young man’s condition steadily improved, and he is now stable.Doctors emphasized that the successful rescue underscored the importance of a well-integrated emergency response system. “He’s recovering very well.” said Lu Fan of the emergency team. “For critical cases like cardiac arrest, each step — from on-scene CPR to ambulance care to hospital resuscitation — must operate flawlessly. That’s what allowed this ideal outcome despite the language barrier.”“We are building a systematic public emergency model based on cooperation between AEDs, volunteers, and the emergency rescue dispatch system to initiate a response the moment the emergency call comes in, and the patient is now able to eat and get out of bed.” said Zhang Zhifang, deputy director of the Suzhou Health Commission.The young man’s parents, who flew to Suzhou on Aug 15, expressed their gratitude: “We`re so grateful to everyone — the university staff, ambulance team. Doctor Lu, and all who saved his life,” said the father “We hope to bring our son home alive and well, which would have been impossible without everything everyone has done.”The hospital noted that the online first aid platform, supported by Tencent and launched in July, played a crucial role in the rescue. The platform has already facilitated nine cardiac arrest rescues in its first month of operation.“Previously, we relied only on voice instructions over the phone, which was quite limiting,” said Wang Liang, deputy director of Suzhou’s emergency command center. “Video allows our dispatchers (调度员) to see the actual scene in real time for more precise guidance.”So far, over 28,000 volunteers in Suzhou have completed CPR training, with 22,000 certified as emergency responders. Public AEDs have been installed at major landmarks such as metro stations, with more planned for malls, parks, campuses, and other high-traffic areas, including the university where this incident occurred.4．What mainly contributed to the recovery of the young man in Suzhou?A．Self-saving and timely surgery.B．Quick response and cooperation of all.C．International medical instruction and help.D．Advanced medical equipment.5．How did the doctors treat him when he arrived at the hospital.A．They stopped CPR.B．They immediately sent him to the intensive care unit.C．They monitored his heartbeat and pulse.D．They started a surgery.6．What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word in Para. 7?A．Stressed.B．Attached.C．Improved.D．Limited. 7．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．There was no language barrier when saving this young man.B．The young man is still in a dangerous condition.C．The online first aid platform played a significant role in-the rescue.D．We’re still relying only on limited voice instructions over the phone.An endangered fish species that disappeared four decades ago from the Dianchi Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Yunnan province, has been “reborn” in the Dianchi Lake basin, thanks to scientists’ efforts and the improvement of the basin’s ecological environment.The golden-line barbel(Sinocyclocheilus graham), an endangered fish species that disappeared four decades ago from the Dianchi Lake in Yunnan province, has rebuilt a stable population in the Dianchi Lake basin.The golden-line barbel(Sinocyclocheilus Grahami), a type of rare cave fish originally lives in Dianchi Lake, has been absent from the lake since the 1980s due to factors such as water pollution, reclamation of land from lakes, and invasion of exotic species.In 2007, researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Kunming Institute of Zoology achieved a breakthrough in the fish’s artificial breeding technology, making it the third Chinese nationally protected fish species to be successfully bred artificially, following the Chinese sturgeon and the red-bellied fish.Wang Xaoai, a senior engincer at the Kunming Institute of Zoology, said since 2009, theinstitute has released over 3 million artificially bred golden-line barbel fingerlings (鱼) in the Dianchi Lake basin amid the improvement of the lake’s ecological environment and water quality.“According to our monitoring, these fingerlings have formed a stable population of 400 to 500 for a decade in the Panlong River, one of the major rivers that flow into Dianchi Lake,” she said, noting that her research team has also been cultivating the native aquatic plants such as Ottelia acuminata, as well as snails and mussels to restore the local ecosystem.“Next, we hope to find some fish eggs or fingerlings in the lake, which would demonstrate that the species is capable of reproducing and sustaining itself in the current aquatic ecosystem,” Wang said.To date, the institute has made breakthroughs in artificial breeding techniques for 48 indigenous fish species in Y unnan, and has successfully restored wild populations of nine local fish species, she added.8．Why did the golden-line barbel disappear 40 years ago?A．Scientists’ efforts.B．Good ecological environment.C．Stable population.D．Water pollution.9．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．The number of the fish was improved naturally.B．The fish was the first Chinese nationally protected fish species.C．Over 3 million artificially bred golden-line barbel was released to Dianchi Lake basin.D．They cleaned the lake and drove away the exotic species.10．What can be inferred from Wang’s words?A．These fingerlings have formed a stable population of 400 to 500 in the Dianchi Lake.B．The native aquatic plants, snails and mussels help to restore the local ecosystem.C．We have found some fish eggs or fingerlings in the lake.D．The species is capable of reproducing and sustaining itself.11．Which column can this article most possibly belong to?A．Travel.B．Technology.C．Ecology.D．PoliticsHealth chiefs are to use artificial intelligence to screen and treat people at risk of hepatitis C (丙型肝炎) under plans to wipe out the life-threatening disease by 2030.The NHS scheme, due to start within weeks in England, aims to identify thousands of patients unaware that they have the virus (病毒) so that treatment can be given before it is too late. Staff will use AI to comb through patient health records and look for significant risk factors, such as historical blood transfusions or an HIV diagnosis.Anyone identified by the AI software will be invited for a consultation by their GP and, if necessary, will undergo further screening for hepatitis C．Patients who test positive for the virus — which can be caught from contact with the blood of an infected person, such as by sharing a needle — will be offered antiviral medicines. Professor Graham Foster, chairman for NHS England’s hepatitis C elimination programs, described the scheme as “a significant step forward” in the fight to root out the virus.“Hepatitis C can be a deadly disease which affects tens of thousands across the country but with unlimited access to NHS treatments, innovative patient finding initiatives such as this one…we will continue to boost the life chances of thousands of patients by catching the virus even earlier,” Foster said in an interview. Hepatitis C deaths fell by 35 percent in the five years to 2020, from 482 to 314, according to the latest data from the UK Health Security Agency. New cases also fell from 129,000 in 2015 to 81,000 in 2020. The fall in deaths was largely thanks to earlier detection of the virus and improved access to treatments.Rachel Halford, chief executive of the Hepatitis C Trust, said: “There has been brilliant work to expand testing in a wide range of settings in recent years but we have not yet seen the advances we need to see in primary care. The rollout of this screening programme is therefore another vital step towards achieving elimination (根除).”12．What is the purpose of the NHS scheme?A．To test the virus and cure patients with hepatitis C．B．To effectively wipe out the life-threatening disease.C．To boost the life chances of patients by eliminating the virus.D．To detect patients with hepatitis C for early treatment.13．Who is most likely to be infected with hepatitis C?A．A man who shakes hands with an infected stranger.B．A boy who has breakfast with his infected friends.C．A woman who works with hepatitis C patients every day.D．A girl who happens to transfuse blood donated by infected patients.14．What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about?A．The danger of hepatitis B．The advancement of NHS treatments.C．The effects of the programme.D．The urgency of curing the disease. 15．What’s the main idea of the passage?A．Hepatitis C is a life-threatening disease.B．NHS scheme helps to kill the hepatitis C virus.C．Hepatitis C deaths in the UK have declined.D．AI is a new weapon against deadly hepatitis C．Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump?” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 16 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.17 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 18 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 19 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 20 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.A．This can affect your work.B．So how should you motivate yourself?C．However, this should not discourage you.D．So why should we try to set specific goals?E．They can change according to circumstances.F．Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.G．Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.二、完形填空At 33, I did something brave, or some would say stupid. I 21 Congress (国会). For years, I had existed safely 22 the scenes in politics as an organizer, but in my heart, I always wanted to run. The polls (投票), however, told a very 23 story. I only got 19 percent of the vote. Despite the result, this was the first time in my entire life that I had done something that was truly brave, where I didn’t worry about being 24 .In 2012, I started a company to teach girls to code. We immediately see our girls’ 25 of not being perfect. When the girls are first learning how to code, she’ll say, “I don’t know what 26 to write.” and shows a 27 text editor. But if the teacher presses undo a few times, she’ll see her student wrote code and then 28 it. Instead of showing the 29 that she made, she’d rather show nothing at all.Some people worry about our budget deficit (赤字), but I worry about our 30 deficit. Most girls are raised to 31 risk and failure. This is 32 women are underrepresented in STEM, in Congress, and pretty much everywhere you look. We have to socialize our girls to be comfortable with 33 , and we’ve got to do it now. We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their careers, when it has the most potential to 34 their lives, and we have to show them that they will be loved and 35 not for being perfect but for being courageous.21．A．ran for B．lied to C．voted against D．traded with 22．A．on B．off C．inside D．behind 23．A．classic B．simple C．different D．complex 24．A．risky B．perfect C．stupid D．beautiful25．A．fear B．effort C．trouble D．struggle 26．A．code B．answer C．deficit D．character 27．A．random B．blank C．marked D．broken 28．A．used B．saved C．cracked D．deleted 29．A．mess B．success C．progress D．difference 30．A．honesty B．bravery C．generosity D．determination 31．A．face B．avoid C．admit D．expect 32．A．why B．how C．when D．where 33．A．doubt B．danger C．uncertainty D．imperfection 34．A．earn B．risk C．impact D．enjoy 35．A．inspired B．accepted C．tolerated D．protected三、语法填空阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Eyes are often referred to as the windows to the soul,and protecting our vision is of paramount importance.Here are some key points to consider when writing an essay on protecting eyesight:1.Importance of Vision:Begin by emphasizing the significance of good eyesight for daily life activities,including reading,driving,and enjoying the beauty of the world around us.2.Causes of Eye Strain:Discuss the common causes of eye strain,such as prolonged screen time,reading in poor lighting,and incorrect posture while studying or working.3.Healthy Habits:Suggest healthy habits for maintaining good eyesight,such as taking regular breaks from screen time,practicing the202020rule every20minutes,look at something20feet away for20seconds,and ensuring adequate lighting when reading or working.4.Proper Nutrition:Highlight the role of a balanced diet rich in vitamins A,C,and E,as well as omega3fatty acids,which are essential for eye health.5.Regular Eye Checkups:Stress the importance of regular eye examinations to detect any issues early and to correct them with the appropriate lenses or treatment.6.Physical Activity:Encourage participation in outdoor activities and sports,as they can help reduce the risk of myopia and improve overall eye health.7.Avoiding Harmful Behaviors:Advise against behaviors that can harm the eyes,such as reading in direct sunlight,using electronic devices in the dark,and rubbing the eyes excessively.e of Protective Gear:Mention the use of protective eyewear when engaging in activities that pose a risk to the eyes,such as sports or working with hazardous materials.9.Awareness and Education:Advocate for greater awareness and education about eye health to prevent common vision problems and promote early intervention.10.Conclusion:Conclude by reiterating the importance of protecting our eyes and the steps we can take to maintain good vision for a lifetime.Remember to use clear and concise language,provide examples,and perhaps include a personal anecdote or a call to action to engage your readers.。

节日作文之西方节日对中国传统节日的影响英语作文西方节日对中国传统节日的影响英语作文【篇一：英语作文西方节日和中国传统节日】improper expressions:1.2.3.4. spring festival for there is a long time …, we have to… this phenomenon results in the doubt that whether christmas will replace… traditional festivals should be paid more attention than foreign festivals.5. we exchange…, which results in more and mo re people get interested in foreign festivals.6. the question that whether christmas will replace the spring festival leads to a heateddiscussion in society.7. there are many people in the western countries celebrate the spring festival.proper and good expressions:1. with the tendency towards globalization2. the spring festival should be passed on from generation to generation3. it seems that some traditional festivals like the spring festival are gradually overshadowedby christmas.4. globalization has encouraged the popularity of christmas in chinese.5. the spring festival is an apparent symbol of chinese culture which is engraved in everychinese’s mind.6. cultural heritage7. learning their culture is a must…. we learn engl ish in order to make more people learnchinese.8. festival celebrating has been globalized9. some people suspect that the obsession with christmas will lead us to neglect anothertraditional festival--- the spring festival.10. observing christmas d oesn’t mean abandoning the spring festival.11. the spring festival is more than a festival12. an exotic festival13. chinese are celebrating some western festivals, and vice versa.14. some most celebrated festivals in our country are the essence of our long history and richculture.15. currently, the word “christmas” has evolved into a symbol of happiness and gifts.16. people tend to have an increasing liking for observing western festivals17. in the circumstances of globalizationmodalin the course of globalization, western culture has flooded into china at an almost non-stop rate. along with it come western festivals, the most influential of which is christmas. as a result of this “culture invasion”, more and more chinese people, particularly the youth, are abandoning traditional chinese festivals. there is even a prediction that the spring festival will ultimately be replaced by christmas. however, personally i’m not in favor of this statement, as the spring festival is a kind of cultural heritage serving as a spiritual legacy for all of us to cling to, regardless of any hindrance.first of all, observing christmas does not mean that the spring festival can be neglected. the spring festival has its roots in chinese history, from which it requires its identity and meaning irreplaceable by christmas. as christmas stemmed from western civilization, it can’t easily fit inwith chinese society, let alone take the place of the spring festival.secondly, the spring festival expresses our true emotions while christmas cannot. often, the spring festival arouses a feeling of eternal harmony, creates a sense of happiness, and conveys a message of family. however, christmas goes no further than one night’s pleasure or some fancy presents, which is surely to fade away with passing tide of time and memory.the spring festival is not going to lose its vigor to christmas, as it’s just like a warm beacon for all the chinese to gather around to cheer, to dream and to carry on. 春节作文写春节作文前，我们可以先回忆下过春节是我们参加过的活动，如贴倒福、分压岁钱、吃饺子、掸扬尘、贴年画、贴剪纸、放鞭炮、守岁、给压岁钱、挂千千结、贴春联等，然后挑一个我们印象深刻的上网查些资料，可以到百度搜春节的八个习俗，春节的由来与传说等，也可以上作文网作文素材频道找到相关资料再进行介绍。

穿越到唐朝英语作文As I crossed over into the Tang Dynasty, I was filled with a mix of excitement and trepidation. The thought of experiencing a time so far in the past was both thrilling and nerve-wracking. Walking through the bustling streets of Chang'an, I was in awe of the sights and sounds that surrounded me. The vibrant colors of the market stalls, the scent of exotic spices wafting through the air, and the constant hum of conversation in a language I did not understand all served to transport me to a bygone era.穿越到唐朝时期，我的心情充满了兴奋和恐惧。

经历一个如此遥远的时代既令人激动又让人紧张。

走在长安繁华的街道上，我对周围的景物感到无比震撼。

市场摊位上鲜艳的色彩、飘过空气的异国香料气味以及不断传来的一门陌生语言的嘈杂谈话声，都让我仿佛穿越到了一个往昔的时代。

One of the most striking things about the Tang Dynasty was the rich cultural and artistic heritage that flourished during this time. From the exquisite poetry of Du Fu and Li Bai to the intricate paintings on silk, the Tang Dynasty was a golden age of creativity and innovation. As I wandered through the ancient temples and palaces, I couldn'thelp but marvel at the beauty and skill of the artisans and craftsmen who had created these masterpieces centuries ago.唐朝最引人注目的事情之一是在这个时期兴盛的丰富文化和艺术遗产。

雅思写作范文精讲：文化交流雅思写作高分范文能够让考生有效学习遣词造句的技巧，还能扩展词汇量。

对于基础薄弱的考生而言，背诵高分范文也是一个不错的选择。

除了能够快速提高语法的运用能力之外，还能积累大量的好词好句。

今天小编为大家带来雅思写作范文精讲：文化交流。

希望能够帮助到大家。

A类雅思写作话题关于文化交流影响及解析A类雅思写作题目：Some visitors are interested in other countries' cultures and traditions. How they learn other cultures and traditions? Why this is interesting to some visitors but not to others?A类雅思写作解析：此类雅思写作题目是典型report文章的写法，可以遵照report雅思写作模式，分别从why和how切入，并依次展开进行具体阐述。

学习当地的文化是否能起到立竿见影的效果呢?要讲清楚为什么有些人不喜欢学习等原因。

雅思写作范文：When visiting foreign countries some people think that it is advantageous to learn their cultures and traditions. How do you think people can learn other cultures and traditions? Why do you think that some people are interested in learning those traditions and cultures while others are not? Give reasons for your opinion and include any relevant examples from your knowledge or experience.在国外访问时，有些人认为学习他们的文化和传统是有好处的。

竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除西方节日的英语作文篇一：中西方传统节日对比英语作文secondenglishpaperseachnationhasitsowncharacteristicfestivalsthatreflectthecultureofitself.Inchina,asourcountryandwesterncountriesbecomeincreasinglycloser,moreandmor echineseacceptwesternculture.however,somewesternfestivalssometimesevenmorepopula rthantraditionalfestivals,foreigncultural’sinfluenceshouldnotbeunderestimated.ThemainThemaing roupofcelebratingwesternfestivalsisyouthgroupwhichtakesstudentsasthemainforce.peoplecelebratefestivals suchasValentinesday,mothersday,ThanksgivingDayandch ristmasDay.Infact,becauseofthechinesewayofthinking, westernholidaysinchinaisjustpopularforchristmasandV alentinesday,notallwesternholidaysattractpeoplesatt ention.Accordingtoasurveyofcentralchinanormaluniver sity,manycollegestudentsknowtheexistenceofwesternfe stivals,butlittleofthemknowabouttheirculturalconnot ations.Inadditiontochristmas,respondentswhoknowothe rwesternfestivals’meaningarelessthan10%.Referringtothewaytocelebratin g,ingeneral,duringtheFestival,peoplesendgiftssuchas flowersandgreetingcards.Theysingwithfriends,andblessorsendmessagestoeachother;lotsofpeoplearegoing torelaxduringthefestival:shopping,invitingfriendsto restaurants,dancing,andsoon.onthewhole,chineseceleb ratewesternholidayswiththefollowingfaithfourandacharacteristics:passionforuniversality ,particularity,blindconsumptionAsthesayinggoes,1000readershave1000hamletsinmind.pe oplehavedifferentviewsonwhetherchineseshouldcelebra tewesternholidays.somepeoplewhoarekeenonwesternfest ivals,arguedthatchinastraditionalfestivalsaretoorig idandtherearemanyfestivalswithfeudalthinking.onthec ontrary,westernfestivalswhichflamboyantandreflectareexcitingadvocateInthefreedom .addition,westernholidaysmakepeoplewho’reunderheavysocialpressurehaveachancetorelax.Atthes ametime,someexpertsbelievethatthecelebrationofweste rnholidaysareaninevitabletrendofculturalexchanges.h uangKemin,asociologistbelievesthatcelebratingwester nholidaysisaformofculturalcommunication.Insomecases ,it’llfillvacanciesinchineseculture.somestudentsbelieve thatcelebratingwesternfestivalscanenhancethefriends hipofclassmatesandmaketheclassesmoresolidarity.Duri ngafestival,mostofthesupermarketsandrestaurantsprovidepromotionsthatbenefitconsumers,thesefestivalsalsoha sacatalyticroletoeconomicdevelopment.opponentsbelievethatchinahasitsownhistoryandlocalcu ltureforthousandsofyears,thewesternFestivaldon’tsuitchinasneedsforculturaldevelopment.Also,duetobl indworship,peopleoftenlosttraditionalculture.celebr atingwesternholidayswillshakethetraditionalculture’sstatusinthemindsofnationalsandendangertheinheritan ceanddevelopmentoftraditionalculture.Forexample,man yyoungpeoplecelebrateValentinesday,buttheydontknowc hineseLovers’sDay.Inaddition,owingtotheculturalinvasion,manycoun triesarewaryofforeignholidays.Toguaranteechinesecul tural’sindependence,westernholidayscann’tbeallowedtodevelopfreely.Atthesametime,manypeoplec elebratewesternfestivalsforfollowingthefashion.Thee ffectofculturalexchangesisn’tobvious.Inaddition,theblindpursuitofconsumptionand enjoymentcausesmoneyworship,hedonismandotherbadidea s.Justmypersonalopinion,weshouldcelebratewesternholid ayswithrationalthought,andweshouldn’tloseourselves.TowardswesternFestivals,weshouldtakeitses senceanddiscardthedregs.Forinstance,ThanksgivingDay canbeadvocatedformakingourcultureadvanceasitreflect soneofchinesetraditionalvirtues-gratefulness;others ,suchashalloween,shouldbetreatedcalmlybecauseit’sreligious.culturalintegrationisthetrendofthehistoricaldevelopment.soweshouldnotimplement"isolationism".un derthepremiseofenhancingawarenessoftraditionalcultu reandrevitalizingchineseculture,wecanactivelyentert heworldthathasfrequentculturalexchanges.Festivalsareimportantmeansofculturaltransmissionwhi chhosttheimportantcultural.They’rethecrystallizationofhumanwisdom.Richfestivallight supourlives,forourlifehasvariouscolors.Letustakethe broadmindandappreciatethecolorfulfestivals!篇二：英语作文西方节日和中国传统节日Improperexpressions:1.2.3.4.springFestivalForthereisalongtime…,wehaveto…Thisphenomenonresultsinthedoubtthatwhetherchristmas willreplace…traditionalfestivalsshouldbepaidmoreattentionthanfo reignfestivals.5.weexchange…,whichresultsinmoreandmorepeoplegetin terestedinforeignfestivals.6.Thequestionthatwhetherchristmaswillreplacethespri ngFestivalleadstoaheateddiscussioninsociety.7.Therearemanypeopleinthewesterncountriescelebratet hespringFestival.properandgoodexpressions:1.withthetendencytowardsglobalization2.thespringFestivalshouldbepassedonfromgenerationto generation3.ItseemsthatsometraditionalfestivalslikethespringF estivalaregraduallyovershadowedbychristmas.4.globalizationhasencouragedthepopularityofchristma sinchinese.5.ThespringFestivalisanapparentsymbolofchinesecultu rewhichisengravedineverychinese’smind.6.culturalheritage7.Learningtheircultureisamust….welearnenglishinord ertomakemorepeoplelearnchinese.8.festivalcelebratinghasbeenglobalized9.somepeoplesuspectthattheobsessionwithchristmaswillleadustoneglectanothertraditionalfestival---thespringFestival.10.observingchristmasdoesn’tmeanabandoningthespringFestival.11.thespringFestivalismorethanafestival12.anexoticfestival13.chinesearecelebratingsomewesternfestivals,andvic eversa.14.somemostcelebratedfestivalsinourcountryaretheess enceofourlonghistoryandrichculture.15.currently,theword“christmas”hasevolvedintoasymbolofhappinessandgifts.16.peopletendtohaveanincreasinglikingforobservingwe sternfestivals17.inthecircumstancesofglobalizationmodalInthecourseofglobalization,westernculturehasfloodedintochinaatanalmostnon-stoprate.Alongwithitcomewest ernfestivals,themostinfluentialofwhichischristmas.A saresultofthis“cultureinvasion”,moreandmorechinesepeople,partic ularlytheyouth,areabandoningtraditionalchinesefesti vals.ThereisevenapredictionthatthespringFestivalwil lultimatelybereplacedbychristmas.however,personally I’mnotinfavorofthisstatement,asthespringFestivalisaki ndofculturalheritageservingasaspirituallegacyforall ofustoclingto,regardlessofanyhindrance.Firstofall,observingchristmasdoesnotmeanthatthespri ngFestivalcanbeneglected.ThespringFestivalhasitsroo tsinchinesehistory,fromwhichitrequiresitsidentityan dmeaningirreplaceablebychristmas.Aschristmasstemmed fromwesterncivilization,itcan’teasilyfitinwithchinesesociety,letalonetaketheplaceofthespringF estival.secondly,thespringFestivalexpressesourtrueemotionswhilechristmascannot.often,thespringFestivalarousesa feelingofeternalharmony,createsasenseofhappiness,an dconveysamessageoffamily.however,christmasgoesnofur therthanonenight’spleasureorsomefancypresents,whichissurelytofadeawa ywithpassingtideoftimeandmemory.ThespringFestivalisnotgoingtoloseitsvigortochristma s,asit’sjustlikeawarmbeaconforallthechinesetogatheraroundt ocheer,todreamandtocarryon.春节作文写春节作文前，我们可以先回忆下过春节是我们参加过的活动，如贴倒福、分压岁钱、吃饺子、掸扬尘、贴年画、贴剪纸、放鞭炮、守岁、给压岁钱、挂千千结、贴春联等，然后挑一个我们印象深刻的上网查些资料，可以到百度搜春节的八个习俗，春节的由来与传说等，也可以上作文网作文素材频道找到相关资料再进行介绍。

AlienInvasion外来物种入侵Bad idea. Instead of chowing8 down on the beetles, cane toads gobbled9 anything they could swallow—pet food, garbage, honeybees, termites10, snails, and mice.The toads multiplied11 , spreading across the northern coast of Australia. Today toads are such a problem that a member of the Australian government recently suggested that citizens use golf clubs to whack12 the warty13 amphibians14 !Australia isn’t the only country dealing with unwelcome animal guests. In the United State s, hundreds of invasive species pose15 a threat to the environment.The Aliens are comingAn invasive species is nonnative, or alien, to the ecosystem16. An ecosystem is a group of plants, animals, and other living organisms that live together in the same area. Although invasive species don’t damage their own ecosystem, they can cause massive destruction when they invade another area.For example, fingernail-sized zebra mussels17 hitchhiked18 from Russia to the Great Lakes in the water tanks of ships. When those ships landed in the United States, the zebra mussels began gobbling up food and oxygen, leaving nothing for other underwater creatures to eat.They also irritated19 humans. Each year, a female zebra mussel can produce 30,000 to 1 million eggs. When those eggs hatch20, the mussels clog pipes that provide drinking water to houses and schools.A beetle called the emerald ash borer21 arrived in the United States from China in wood packing material carried aboard cargo ships or airplanes.The adult emerald ash borer nibbles22 on the leaves of the ash tree. The larvae23 of the beetle, however, cause far more damage by chomping24 through the inner bark25 of ash trees. The insects destroy the tunnels that allow water and nutrients26 to travel from the roots to the leaves. Emerald ash borers have killed 8 million to 10 million trees in Michigan, Ohio, and Indiana. Another invasive species that is wreaking havoc27 is the snakehead28 fish.Snakeheads arrived in the United States from Asia as exotic29 pets. When pet owners grew tired of the snakeheads, they threw the fish into nearby lakes and streams.The snakehead fish now live in several states and can move over land from one body of water to another body. They dine greedily and can clear a pond of all its fish. The snakehead was recently spotted in a lake in Queens, N.Y., a part of New York City.“The world has changed so much in the last 100 years,” Jodie A. Ellis, a scientist at Purdue University, told Senior Edition. “We are now able to s hare so many things with other countries, which is mostly a good thing. But there are costs, and one of those costs is the constant threat of invasive species.”Why should we care?In addition to destroying an ecosystem, the devastation30 caused by invasive species can be costly. In the United States, the damage caused by the peaky critters31 is roughly $137 million per year.“Our natural ecosystems are the primary source of our food and drinking water,” Lisa Gould, a senior scientist at the Rhode Isla nd Natural History Survey, told Senior Edition. “Ecosystems helpkeep our air clean. They give us medicines and materials for our industries. Without them, we could not exist for long.”Battling the cane toadBack in Australia, the government has devoted $1 million to combating that country’s pesky toad problem. Scientists are researching what kind of poisons can kill the creature.Wildlife officials are also setting up traps to catch the toads, which are now hitchhiking across Australia in the backs of cars and trucks.“We cannot tolerate a situation where cane toads are getting a free ride across the continent,” says one Australian official.What can you do?Kids can do a lot of things to prevent alien plants and animals from invading our ecosystems. Robert J. Wiese, director of animal collections at the Fort Worth Zoo, says you should figure out which animals and plants belong in your community and which ones don’t.Most people don’t know a lot about their natural surroundings. Wiese said. By the t ime a plant or an animal has invaded an ecosystem, it’s too late. Wiese gives this advice:● Use native plants in your garden.●Don’t release unwanted pets into the wild. That is especially a problem with tropical fish, which people often dump into waterways.20世纪30年代，喜吃甜食的甲虫吞噬了澳大利亚的大片甘蔗。

单位内部认证船舶英语考试(试卷编号231)1.[单选题]The difference between measured and desired values is called _________.A)offsetB)errorC)deviationD)set答案:C解析:【注】deviation：偏差2.[单选题]What is international NAVTEX based on?A)TerrestrialB)NBDPC)Satellite.D)Digital答案:B解析:【注】国际NAVTEX业务是基于NBDP技术的。

3.[单选题]_____ is NOT a part of the main switchboard.A)Bus-barB)LoadC)ParallelingD)Shore答案:D解析:【注】shore connection box：岸电接线箱4.[单选题]The development of ______ led to the fully automatic ARPA systems installed on commercial ships.A)SeaTalkB)powerfulC)chartplotterD)small-scale答案:B解析:5.[单选题]The abbreviation of “PF” in the electrotechnics field equivalents to______.A)powerB)power6.[单选题]Which statement about the gyrocompass is FALSE?A)ItsB)ItC)ItD)If答案:A解析:7.[单选题]Brushless generators are designed to operate without the use of _____.A)brushesB)slipC)commutatorsD)all答案:D解析:8.[单选题]The gyrocompass error resulting from your vessel's movement in OTHER than an east-west direction is called ______.A)dampingB)ballisticC)quadrantalD)speed答案:D解析:【注】damping error：阻尼误差；quadrantal error：象限差9.[单选题]AIS stands for ______.A)AtlanticB)AutomaticC)AstronomicalD)Audio答案:B解析:10.[单选题]The marine high-voltage power system is rated higher than ______ but not higher than _______.A)440B)38011.[单选题]The DPU in the DataChief C20 alarm and monitoring system stands for ______.A)DocumentB)DistributedC)DepartmentD)Display答案:B解析:12.[单选题]The steering gear provides a movement to the rudder in response to a signal from the______.A)bridgeB)MCRC)transmissionD)engine答案:A解析:13.[单选题]The magnetic field is provided by electromagnets so arranged that adjacent poles have _____.A)oppositeB)theC)negativeD)positive答案:A解析:【注】磁场由电磁铁产生，电磁铁布置成相邻的磁极磁性相反。

抵御外星人入侵的作文英语Title: Defending Against Alien Invasion。

In the vast expanse of the universe, humanity stands as a tiny speck, vulnerable to the unknown threats that may lurk beyond our planet. The concept of defending against an alien invasion may seem like something out of science fiction, but as we continue to explore space and expand our knowledge, the possibility becomes a legitimate concern. In this essay, we will explore various strategies and technologies that could be employed to defend Earth against extraterrestrial threats.First and foremost, preparation is key. Establishing robust early warning systems to detect incoming alien spacecraft or other anomalies is crucial. This could involve advanced satellite networks, deep space telescopes, and automated surveillance systems capable of scanning the cosmos for any signs of potential danger. Rapid communication channels would need to be established toensure timely dissemination of information to relevant authorities and defense forces.Next, we must consider our defensive capabilities. Conventional weapons may prove ineffective against advanced alien technology, so we would need to invest in cutting-edge military hardware specifically designed for extraterrestrial threats. This could include directed energy weapons, electromagnetic pulse (EMP) devices, and kinetic bombardment systems. Research into exotic forms of propulsion and energy generation could also yield new technologies to counter alien spacecraft.Furthermore, international cooperation is essential in the face of such a monumental threat. Establishing aunified global defense coalition would pool together resources, expertise, and intelligence from nations around the world. This would require diplomacy, trust-building, and the setting aside of geopolitical differences for the greater good of humanity. Joint military exercises and simulations could help prepare defense forces for potential alien encounters.In addition to military defense, diplomatic efforts could also play a crucial role in deterring alien aggression. Initiating peaceful contact with any extraterrestrial civilizations encountered could help establish communication channels and prevent misunderstandings that could lead to conflict. Establishing protocols for peaceful coexistence and conflict resolution on a galactic scale would be unprecedented but necessary in the event of first contact.Moreover, investing in scientific research and exploration could enhance our understanding of the universe and better prepare us for potential encounters with extraterrestrial beings. This includes studying astrobiology, xenobiology, and other related fields to anticipate the behavior and capabilities of alien life forms. Robotic probes and manned missions to other planets and moons could also provide valuable insights into the potential threats we may face beyond Earth.Lastly, maintaining public awareness and engagement iscrucial in garnering support for efforts to defend against alien invasion. Education campaigns, media outreach, and public forums could help inform and involve citizens in discussions about the risks and preparations necessary for such an eventuality. By fostering a sense of collective responsibility and resilience, we can better prepare ourselves to face whatever challenges the cosmos may throw our way.In conclusion, while the prospect of defending against an alien invasion may seem like something out of a Hollywood blockbuster, it is a scenario that warrants serious consideration. By investing in early warning systems, advanced military technology, international cooperation, diplomatic efforts, scientific research, and public engagement, we can better prepare ourselves to protect Earth and humanity from extraterrestrial threats. Only by working together as a global community can we ensure our survival in the face of the unknown.。

关于发现王国的作文英语Discovering the Lost KingdomThe dense jungle canopy parted as our expedition team hacked our way through the undergrowth, the hot and humid air thick with the scent of exotic flowers and the buzzing of insects. For years, rumors had circulated of a long-lost ancient kingdom hidden deep within this uncharted wilderness, a place forgotten by the modern world. As the leader of this daring mission, I could hardly contain my excitement at the prospect of being the first to uncover its secrets.Our journey had not been an easy one we had endured punishing conditions, encountered dangerous wildlife, and pushed our physical limits to the brink. But the tantalizing promise of discovering something truly extraordinary kept us going through the seemingly endless days of struggle. The local guides who had agreed to accompany us spoke in hushed, reverent tones of the wonders that awaited, fueling our determination to press on.Finally, after weeks of arduous trekking, we emerged into abreathtaking valley ringed by towering mountains. At its center stood an imposing stone structure, its grand architecture and intricate carvings clearly the work of a sophisticated ancient civilization. We had found it the lost kingdom, exactly as the legends had described. I felt a surge of triumph as we approached the impressive ruins, eager to begin our exploration.As we drew closer, the scale of the site became even more apparent. The main temple complex was surrounded by the crumbling remains of what must have been a thriving city, the streets and buildings now reclaimed by the jungle. Thick vines snaked around fallen columns, and moss-covered statues kept silent watch over the abandoned place. It was both awe-inspiring and eerie, a window into a long-vanished world.Our team fanned out, documenting everything we could find. I marveled at the exquisite craftsmanship of the stonework, the delicate carvings depicting mysterious figures and symbols. What had happened to the people who had once lived here? Where had they gone, and why had this magnificent kingdom been left to decay in solitude for so many centuries?As we delved deeper into the ruins, we began to uncover tantalizing clues. Intricate murals adorned the walls of the temple, their colors still surprisingly vibrant. They told a story of a prosperous civilization,one governed by a powerful ruling class. There were depictions of grand ceremonies, lavish celebrations, and scenes of everyday life. It was a civilization that had clearly thrived for a very long time.But amidst the beauty, we also found disturbing signs of a violent end. In one chamber, we stumbled upon the remains of what appeared to be a great battle, the floor littered with broken weapons and human bones. The murals in this area had been all but destroyed, as if someone had tried to erase the memory of whatever calamity had befallen the kingdom.As we pieced together the clues, a possible scenario began to emerge. Perhaps this had once been the capital of a mighty empire, a center of culture, learning, and power. But something had gone terribly wrong perhaps a bloody civil war, a natural disaster, or even an invasion by a hostile force. Whatever the cause, it seemed the kingdom had been utterly destroyed, its people either killed or driven out, leaving behind only this ghostly remnant of their once-glorious civilization.The implications of our discovery were staggering. This lost kingdom represented a missing link in human history, a civilization that had flourished in isolation for centuries before meeting a sudden and violent end. What had they achieved? What knowledge and wisdom had they possessed that had been lost forever? The thought of allthat potential, all that history, being erased was both fascinating and profoundly sad.As we prepared to depart, I stood alone amidst the crumbling ruins, trying to imagine what it must have been like in the kingdom's heyday. I could almost hear the echoes of bustling activity, the chatter of the marketplace, the ceremonial music drifting through the streets. But now, an eerie silence hung over the place, broken only by the occasional call of a bird or the rustling of the wind through the vines.In that moment, I felt a deep sense of responsibility to ensure that this lost world did not remain forgotten. We would document everything we had found, preserve what we could, and share our discoveries with the world. Perhaps one day, a new generation of scholars and explorers would be able to piece together the full story of this enigmatic kingdom, and learn the lessons it had to teach us about our own human history.For now, though, I knew that our expedition had only scratched the surface. There was so much more to uncover, so many more mysteries to solve. And I couldn't wait to return, to delve deeper into the secrets of this forgotten realm and unlock the treasures it still held. The lure of the unknown was too strong to resist, and I wasdetermined to be the one to finally bring this lost kingdom back into the light.。

The Tyranny of MetricsAnswerA.Match the following words with synonyms.None.B.Choose suitable word for each sentence.1.metricnguish3.cynically4.emerging5.skew6.pervasion7.proliferate8.campaign9.tabulate10.calibrate11.dedication12.peer13.premise14.figures15.issue16.precipitous17.rejig18.opaque19.swathe20.blink21.oversight22.slump23.quantifyC.E-C translation1.随着越来越多的人类活动迈向数字化，这些活动自然也有了被量化的可能。

2.总统在讲话时说，“国与国间的权力之争一定不能再看做是零和博弈。

”3.随后出炉的文件尖锐批评了华尔街崩盘后几十年来发展起来的复杂架构。

4.大致从2013年起，全世界的媒体公司就开始迎合脸书的口味，越来越倾向发布一些带有煽动性的内容，以吸引读者点开链接。

5.几乎所有地缘政治阴谋，引发战争，政变和动乱背后都有石油的魅影，而迄今为止关于石油的惊悚小说寥寥无几，莫不让人略感好奇。

6.这些显著的跃升与其说展现了这些地方营商环境的改善，不如说是证明了相关国家政府博取好名次的决心。

7.当局通过他们所谓的宣传机构或是主流媒体灌输给我们的所有的陈词滥调全都破灭了。

8.一篇帖子出现在某个网站上，通过Facebook吸引其他人的注意力，然后改编、转发，很快就会遍布全网，演变成一个真正的新闻事件。

9.我们的生活和社会中充斥着被量化的数据，婴儿落地便会被记录体重，上学后则要为分数奋斗。

父母择校看升学率，大学申请看就业率。

公司考核普通员工的绩效分值，CEO也得紧盯股价的涨跌。

Chapter 2—Exploring the External Environment: Competition and opportunities TRUE/FALSE1.The final result of successful strategic competitiveness is above-average returns.ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: 342.Firms can directly control the elements of the six segments of the general environment.ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 353.Monitoring involves the development of a forecast of what might happen at a future pointin time.ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 384.In recent years, industry boundaries have become more sharply defined.ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 485.Generally, the stronger the competitive forces, the higher the profit potential of anindustry.ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: 55MULTIPLE CHOICE1.The ____ environment is composed of elements in the broader society that can influencean industry and the firms within it.a. competitorb. generalc. socioculturald. industryANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: 352.Which of the following is NOT an activity used in the external environmental analysisprocess?a. Scanningb. Monitoringc. Decryptingd. AssessingANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: 37 (Table 2.2) |38-393. A general environmental analysis can be expected to produce all of the followingEXCEPTa. objective answers.b. recognition of environmental changes.c. identification of organizational opportunities.d. identification of organizational threats.ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: 39-404.An analysis of the economic segment of the external environment would include all of thefollowing EXCEPTa. interest rates.b. international trade.c. the strength of the U.S. dollar.d. the move toward a contingent workforce.ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: 425.The economic environment refers toa. the economic outlook of the world provided by the World Bank.b. the nature and direction of the economy in which a firm competes or may compete.c. an analysis of how the environmental movement and world economy interact.d. an analysis of how new environmental regulations will affect the U.S. economy. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: 426.Which of the five forces of competition is MOST threatening to Google?a. rivalry among competing search enginesb. threat of substitutesc. bargaining power of suppliersd. threat of new entrantsANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: 467.An industry is defined asa. a group of firms producing the same products or services.b. firms producing items that sell through the same distribution channels.c. a group of firms producing products that are close substitutes.d. firms that sell the same products or services to the same customer base.ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Easy REF: 48OBJ: 02-02 TYPE: knowledgeNOT: AACSB: Business Knowledge & Analytical Skills | Management: Environmental Influence | Dierdorff & Rubin: Managing the task environment8.New entrants to an industry are more likely whena. it is difficult to gain access to distribution channels.b. economies of scale in the industry are high.c. product differentiation in the industry is low.d. capital requirements in the industry are high.ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: 49-519.Suppliers are powerful whena. satisfactory substitutes are available.b. they sell a commodity product.c. they are in a highly fragmented industry.d. they offer a credible threat of forward integration.ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Hard REF: 52petitor analysis focuses ona. firms with which the company competes directly.b. firms that produce products that are substitutes.c. all firms in the industry.d. companies that might enter the industry.ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Medium REF: 58。

十大入侵我国的外来植物英语作文In recent years, the invasion of exotic plants has become a serious issue in China. These invasive species not only threaten the biodiversity of our country, but also cause harm to the native ecosystems. In order to raise awareness about this problem, we have compiled a list of the top ten invasive plants in China.1. Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)Water hyacinth is a highly invasive plant that can quickly take over water bodies, choking out native species and disrupting the balance of aquatic ecosystems. It has become a major problem in many parts of China, clogging waterways and affecting water quality.2. Giant Hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum)Giant hogweed is a toxic plant that can cause severe skin irritation and even blindness if touched. It has been spreading rapidly in China, displacing native vegetation and posing a threat to human health.3. Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)Purple loosestrife is a fast-growing plant that can outcompete native species in wetlands and marshes. Itsaggressive spread in China has led to a decline in biodiversity and habitat loss for native plants and animals.4. Japanese Knotweed (Fallopia japonica)Japanese knotweed is a highly invasive plant that can quickly overrun natural areas, roadsides, and gardens. Its dense growth can cause damage to infrastructure and reduce the value of properties where it grows.5. Kudzu (Pueraria montana)Kudzu is a fast-growing vine that can smother trees and other vegetation, creating dense thickets that are difficult to control. It has become a major problem in southern China, where it has invaded forests, farmland, and urban areas.6. Yellow Starthistle (Centaurea solstitialis)Yellow starthistle is a noxious weed that can outcompete native plants in grasslands and rangelands. Its sharp spines make it unpalatable to livestock, leading to a reduction in forage quality and wildlife habitat.7. Saltcedar (Tamarix ramosissima)Saltcedar is a shrub that thrives in saline soils and can quickly invade riparian areas, displacing native vegetation and alteringthe hydrology of rivers and streams. Its extensive root system can also degrade water quality and cause erosion.8. Mile-a-Minute Weed (Persicaria perfoliata)Mile-a-minute weed is a fast-growing vine that can cover large areas in a short period of time, smothering native vegetation and reducing biodiversity. It has been spreading rapidly in China, particularly in disturbed habitats and along roadsides.9. Tree of Heaven (Ailanthus altissima)Tree of heaven is a fast-growing tree that can outcompete native species in forests and urban areas. Its aggressive root system and prolific seed production make it difficult to control, leading to its widespread invasion in many parts of China.10. Chinese Lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata)Chinese lespedeza is a leguminous shrub that can form dense thickets in grasslands, displacing native vegetation and altering ecosystem functions. Its ability to fix nitrogen can also lead to changes in soil chemistry and nutrient cycling.In conclusion, the invasion of exotic plants is a serious threat to the biodiversity and ecosystems of China. It is crucial for us to take action to prevent the spread of invasive species and protectour native flora and fauna. By raising awareness about the issue and implementing effective management strategies, we can mitigate the impact of invasive plants and preserve the natural heritage of our country.。

2024届高考英语时文阅读之语法填空专项训练专题01海洋探险Why the Caribbean Island of Grand Cayman加勒比海之大开曼岛探险基础篇should be on your radar？巩固篇Diving to new depths in French Polynesia挑战潜水法属波利尼西亚67-Year-Old Kayaker needs help near end of营救穿越大西洋的67岁皮划艇运动员提高篇Atlantic crossing专项微练单句语法填空名词专项训练真题精选高考模拟衔接名校真题演练【原创题】【基础篇】There’s no better introduction to island life than the famed SevenMile Beach, touted as one of the 1 (fine) in the Caribbean.Facing west, this crescent of pearl-white sand is a picture-perfectsunset spot 2 where the island’s best hotels, water sportsand diving operations are located.Grand Cayman’s finest treasures, however, lie beyond 3(it) shoreline. There are an impressive 356 diving sites dotted around the archipelago, 4 (range) from shallow reefs to fascinating shipwrecks home 5 colourful tropical fish, reef sharks and sea turtles. Scuba divers can take the plunge with one of the island’s top-notch diving schools or try another aquatic exploit — there’s paddle boarding, windsurfing, kayaking, sailing or nocturnal snorkelling among glittering bioluminescence. Families love the boat trip to Stingray City, the highlight of 6 is standing on a waist-deep sandbar as soft-to-stroke stingrays feed from your hand.Above sea level, there’s a fantastic hike in the Mastic Reserve, which 7 (protect) by the National Trust as the largest area of untouched old-growth forest on the island. The rugged, 2.3-mile Mastic Trail weaves through black mangrove and ancient woodland, thriving in native flora and alive with yellow-chested bananaquit and squawking parrots — both endemic to the island.More wildlife is found in the Queen Elizabeth II Botanic Park, 8 (include) the island’s most exotic resident: the endangered blue iguana. A decade ago, less than 25 of these Caymanian critters9 (remain) on the island, but thanks to 10 dedicated conservation mission, more than 1,000 now roam.【巩固篇】Swivelling their hips to the furious beat of pahu drums,dancers whirl like dust devils across a sandy stage erected1 the beach. An audience watches, mesmerised, as themusic grows louder and movements become 2(fast), until the scene becomes a blur of floaty, floral fabrics,swishing, grassy fronds and cascading, velveteen petals.Slowing the tempo, a new troupe emerges to the gentlestrumming of a ukulele, sweeping 3 arms upwards in a motion mimicking the peaks and troughs of Pacific Ocean waves. Wearing garlands of jasmine draped around their necks and delicate frangipani flowers tucked behind their ears, these women on the atoll of Rangiroa 4 (be) the very picture of Polynesian paradise,5 image that’s attracted countless curious explorers and travellers to these distant shores.6 in September 2022, the Farerei Haga Rangiroa is the newest addition to a calendar of festivals held to celebrate the culture and traditions of French Polynesia. Gathering talents from the Tuamotu Archipelago and further afield, evening dance shows are part of the energetic, six-day programme, featuring coconut-shelling, va’a (outrigger canoe) racing and lifting stones weighing as much as 160kg — an impressive feat7 once served as a competition to win the hand of a8 (chief) daughter.Dressed in beach shirts and board shorts, dignitaries sing prayers inside an arena made of fishing nets and oyster shells. Attired equally casually, the country’s president speaks 9 (enthusiastic) of a future when more cruise ships 10 (arrive), as an ocean liner on the horizon blasts its horn.【提高篇】Aleksander Doba, a 67-year-old kayaker 1 isattempting a solo, unsupported crossing of the Atlantic Ocean,2 (need) a new rudder. The rudder on Doba's custom kayakbroke in a storm on February 13 in the notorious Bermuda Triangle.That was within days of the estimated completion time for hismonths-long voyage, according to social media posts by AndrzejArminski, 3 kayak designer who built Doba's vessel, called OLO. Arminski noted on Google+ that Doba is unhurt, 4 that he will not be able to paddle against the stiff trade winds with a broken rudder.Since January 1, after three months of steady progress across the Atlantic and 90 percent of his journey complete, Doba 5 (fight) unexpected storms and paddling in circles. Communication with Doba has been tricky because he has been unable 6 (contact) his support team since December 20 due to a technical glitch with his satellite phone. The 7 (connect) was reestablished on February 6 with a text from Doba that said, "Finally, after 47 days it is possible not only to receive text messages but also send them too." He also has been able to broadcast his position to Arminski on a GPS personal tracker device, called SPOT. The AA batteries used by the tracker failed, but Doba rigged up a new connection with AAA batteries, although they must be protected 8 (care) from ocean spray.Doba, a retired engineer from Poland, left Lisbon, Portugal, in his kayak on October 6, 2013. He was bound for Smyrna Beach, Florida, 4,700 nautical miles away. Doba had been aiming 9 reach Florida between February 10 and February 20, 2014. Doba's friend and supporter Piotr Chmielinski, also an adventure kayaker, told National Geographic that he plans to go to Bermuda on Monday, February 17, to assist in repairs to Doba's kayak. The Virginia-based Chmielinski says he hopes to help Doba at sea, 10 possible, to minimize disruption to the journey. They may need to seek the nearest harbor, most likely Bermuda, to make repairs to the boat.【专项微练：名词】1．（2023春·福建三明·高一统考期中）The country put up a strong ____________ (defend) against the enemy’s invasion. (所给词的适当形式填空)2．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）The vegetarian burger was an ________ (innovate) which was rapidly exported toBritain.(所给词的适当形式填空)3．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）A ________ (vary) of TV programmes are being broadcast on TV at present. 4．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）From about the age of 12 I had wanted to be an emergency medical ________ (technical)．(所给词的适当形式填空)5．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）The legal system in Scotland is ________ from that in England and the ________ may cause some misunderstanding between them.(distinct)(所给词的适当形式填空)6．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）People are filled with ________(admire) for what the medical workers have done during the outbreak of the COVID19.（所给词的适当形式填空）7．（2023·全国·高二专题练习）China celebrated the completion of the________ (construct) of the Three Gorges Dam, the world’s largest project that had been a dream of Chinese leaders since the early 20th century.（所给词的适当形式填空）8．（2023春·福建三明·高一统考期中）The author mentions the ____________ (function) of science at the beginning of the passage. (所给词的适当形式填空)9．（2023春·福建三明·高一统考期中）She sighed in ____________ (relieve) when she heard the good news. (所给词的适当形式填空)10．（2023春·海南海口·高二海南中学校考期中）The little boy’s bad behaviour was completely beyond_________(comprehensive).(所给词的适当形式填空)【真题精选】（2023春·河北唐山·高二校联考期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

包头2024年05版小学五年级上册英语第5单元期中试卷考试时间：80分钟（总分:110）B卷考试人：_________题号一二三四五总分得分一、综合题(共计100题)1、What do you call a young kangaroo?A. JoeyB. PupC. KidD. Cub答案:A2、填空题：A _______ (小猴子) is very curious and playful.3、What do you call a person who repairs watches?A. BakerB. JewelerC. MechanicD. Carpenter答案: B4、听力题：The ____ lounges in the sun and enjoys the warmth.5、填空题：The ancient Egyptians built monumental _____ for their leaders.6、填空题：The _____ (花坛) can attract bees and butterflies.7、填空题：Chemical indicators can show whether a substance is __________ (酸性) or basic.8、填空题：The owl has _______ (大眼睛) for night vision.9、What do we call the process of water turning into vapor?A. EvaporationB. CondensationC. PrecipitationD. Sublimation10、How many stars are on the American flag?A. 50B. 13C. 25D. 30答案: A11、填空题：My aunt is very __________ (热情的) about her work.12、填空题：The __________ was a significant document in the history of democracy. (权利法案)13、填空题：The lizard can change its _______ (颜色) to blend in.14、填空题：The _____ (蝴蝶) loves to visit blooming flowers.15、What do we call the natural environment where plants and animals live?A. EcosystemB. HabitatC. EnvironmentD. Biome答案:B16、What do you call a story that is based on real events?A. FictionB. Non-fictionC. FantasyD. Myth答案: B17、听力题：The __________ is a large area of land covered with grass.18、选择题：What do you call the group of stars that form a pattern?A. GalaxyB. ConstellationC. NebulaD. Cluster19、填空题：The country known for its ice hockey is ________ (加拿大).20、填空题：I have a ______ of crayons.21、填空题：The ________ was a significant period of migration in American history.22、听力题：The anemone is home to the _____ fish.23、选择题：What is the name of the famous monument in Washington, D. C. ?A. Statue of LibertyB. Lincoln MemorialC. Washington MonumentD. Eiffel Tower24、What is the name of the famous detective created by Arthur Conan Doyle?A. Hercule PoirotB. Miss MarpleC. Sherlock HolmesD. Sam Spade答案: C25、听力题：I want to _____ (visit/see) my grandma.26、听力题：We will have ______ for dessert. (cake)27、填空题：I like to attend ______ (讲座) and workshops to learn new skills. Education is key to success.28、听力题：An astronomical chart is used to locate ______.29、听力题：A ______ is a small creature that can be very fast.30、听力题：The main component of fertilizers is _____.31、 (Pharaoh) was considered a god in ancient Egypt. 填空题：The ____32、填空题：The first successful heart surgery was performed by _______. (克里斯托弗·里德)33、听力题：We go to school _____ (everyday/never) in the morning.34、填空题：The crow is a very _______ (聪明的) bird.35、填空题：I want to _______ (去旅行) this summer.36、听力题：The chemical formula for potassium sulfate is ______.37、What is the name of the famous ancient city located in Jordan?A. PetraB. BabylonC. AthensD. Rome答案：A38、填空题：The _____ (植物展现) highlights the beauty of nature.39、填空题：I can ______ (克服) my fears with perseverance.40、 (Revolution) in Russia led to the rise of the Soviet Union. 填空题：The ____41、听力题：My favorite dessert is ______ (cheesecake).42、听力题：The __________ of a jellyfish is transparent.43、What do we call the layer of air surrounding the Earth?A. AtmosphereB. HydrosphereC. LithosphereD. Biosphere答案: A. Atmosphere44、What is 2 x 5?a. 7b. 8c. 9d. 10答案:d45、填空题：The ________ (社区援助) supports those in need.46、What do you call a book of maps?A. AtlasB. DictionaryC. EncyclopediaD. Novel答案：A47、听力题：The ________ Hemisphere contains all of Europe and Africa.48、听力题：My sister plays on the school ____ (basketball) team.49、填空题：My dad is the best __________ (厨师) in our family.50、填空题：I love _______ (读书) at night.51、What is 3 + 5?A. 6B. 7C. 8D. 9答案:C. 852、填空题：The _______ (The Ottoman Empire) was a powerful empire that lasted for centuries.53、What do we call the place where we can see historical artifacts?A. MuseumB. GalleryC. LibraryD. Archive答案：A54、听力题：A __________ is a mixture that can be separated by filtration.55、What is the largest ocean on Earth?A. AtlanticB. IndianC. ArcticD. Pacific56、What is the capital of Slovenia?A. LjubljanaB. MariborC. CeljeD. Koper答案:A57、填空题：My _____ (弟弟) loves to play with his toy trains. 我弟弟喜欢玩他的玩具火车。

Ê®Æß º£ÉÏËѾÈ14.1 º£ÉÏËÑË÷[4601]______ the survivors known more of how to cope with cold water in the sinking of MV Titanic in 1912 countless lives ______.A. Have£¯could have been savedB. Have£¯could have savedC. Had£¯could has savedD. Had£¯could have been savedKEY: D[4602]A marker pole£¬with a horseshoe buoy and a sea anchor attached£¬should be used to ______.A. mark the position of a lost mooringB. determine your vessel's sideslip underwayC. determine your speed through the waterD. indicate location of a man overboardKEY: D[4603]A rescuer can most easily determine whether or not an adult victim has a pulse by checking the pulse at the ______.A. carotid artery in the neckB. femoral artery in the groinC. brachial artery in the armD. radial artery in the wristKEY: A[4604]A seaman has a small£¬gaping laceration of the arm that is not bleeding excessively. What can be done as an alternative to suturing to close the wound?A. Wrap a tight bandage around the wound.B. Apply a compression bandage.C. Use temporary stitches of sail twine.D. Apply butterfly strips£¬then a sterile dressing.KEY: D[4605]A seaman is reported missing in the morning and was last seen after coming off the mid-watch. Which type of turn would you use to return to the trackline steamed during the night?A. WilliamsonB. RacetrackC. 180turnD. AndersonKEY: A[4606]A ship must have on board a first-aid kit that is approved by the ______.A. Minerals Management ServiceB. Occupational Safety and Health AdministrationC. Mine Safety and Health AdministrationD. American Bureau of ShippingKEY: C[4607]A shipmate chokes suddenly£¬cannot speak£¬and starts to turn blue. You should ______.A. perform the Heimlich maneuverB. make the victim lie down with the feet elevated to get blood to the brainC. immediately administer CPRD. do nothing until the victim becomes unconsciousKEY: A[4608]A shipmate suffers a heart attack and stops breathing. You must ______.A. administer oxygenB. immediately check his pulse and start CPRC. make the victim comfortable in a bunkD. immediately give a stimulant£¬by force if necesssaryKEY: B[4609]A snag or other underwater obstruction may form a ______.A. V-shaped ripple with the point of the V pointing upstreamB. V-shaped ripple with the point of the V pointing downstreamC. small patch of smooth water on a windy dayD. smoothing out of the vessel's wakeKEY: A[4610]A survival craft being used to pick up a person who has fallen overboard from a vessel should approach the person ______.A. at a high rate of speedB. under oarsC. against the windD. with the windKEY: C[4611]A tourniquet should be used to control bleeding ONLY ______.A. with puncture woundsB. when all other means have failedC. when the victim is unconsciousD. to prevent bleeding from minor woundsKEY: B[4612]A tug is approaching a broken down steamer in moderately heavy weather preparing to take it in tow. In most cases the ______.A. steamer will drift stern downwindB. tug will drift faster than the steamerC. tug should approach stern toD. tug should approach from downwindKEY: D[4613]After you activate your emergency position indicating radiobeacon£¬you should ______.A. turn it off for five minutes every half-hourB. turn it off and on at five-minute intervalsC. turn it off during daylight hoursD. leave it on continuouslyKEY: D[4614]All casualties such as personnel injuries or illness£¬oil spills£¬accidental fire£¬collision£¬stranding£¬and unusually severe weather damage£¬whether at sea£¬in port£¬or in shipyard£¬must be promptly ______to the company.A. spokenB. saidC. toldD. communicatedKEY: D[4615]AN APPOINTMENT BETWEEN VESSELS NORMALLY MADE ON RADIO TO MEET IN A CERTAIN AREA OR POSITION defines ______.A. Bona fideB. Rendez-vousC. Prima facieD. Action in personamKEY: B[4616]An emergency sea anchor may be constructed by using ______.A. a boat bucketB. an air tank filled with waterC. an oar and canvas weighted downD. All of the aboveKEY: D[4617]An immersion suit must be equipped with a(n) ______.A. air bottle for breathingB. whistle and lightC. whistle£¬light£¬and reflective tapeD. whistle£¬light£¬and sea dye markerKEY: C[4618]If you see anybody fall overboard£¬act as follows except __________.A. tell an officer/crew the person's position in the water£¬or telephone the bridge immediatelyB. throw lifebuoys overboardC. call out "Man overboard" and keep your eyes on the person in the waterD. try to find medicine for the person to use when he is rescuedKEY: D[4619]If£¬for any reason£¬it is necessary to abandon ship while far out at sea£¬it is important that the crew members should ______.A. separate from each other as this will increase the chances of being rescuedB. get away from the area because sharks will be attracted to the vesselC. immediately head for the nearest landD. remain together in the area because rescuers will start searching at the vessel's last known positionKEY: D[4620]Immediately after abandoning a vessel£¬lookouts should be posted aboard liferafts to look for ______.A. survivors in the waterB. food and waterC. landD. bad weatherKEY: A[4621]In a racetrack turn£¬to recover a man overboard£¬the vessel is steadied for the SECOND time after a turn of how many degrees from the original heading?A. 60B. 135C. 180D. 360KEY: D[4622]In relation to the turning circle of a ship£¬the term advance means the distance ______.A. gained at right angles to the original courseB. gained in the direction of the original courseC. moved sidewise from the original course when the rudder is first put overD. around the circumference of the turning circleKEY: A[4623]Information on search and rescue procedures will be found in the ______.A. World Port IndexB. International Code of SignalsC. Sailing DirectionsD. Merchant Ship Search and Rescue Manual (MERSAR)KEY: D[4624]MOVING OF AN ANCHOR OVER THE SEA BOTTOM INVOLUNTARILY BECAUSE IT IS NO LONGER PREVENTING THE MOVEMENT OF THE VESSEL defines ______.A. Dredging (of anchor)B. Dragging (of anchor)C. Weighing anchorD. Walking out anchorKEY: B[4625]One of your crew members falls overboard from the starboard side. You should IMMEDIATELY ______.A. apply left rudderB. throw the crew member a life preserverC. begin backing your enginesD. position your vessel to windward and begin recoveryKEY: B[4626]The best method to secure a towline to bitts is to ______.A. take a round turn on the bitt farthest from the pull and use figure-eightsB. take a round turn on the bitt closest to the pull and use figure-eightsC. use figure-eights and take a round turn at the top of the bittsD. use only figure-eightsKEY: B[4627]The distance a vessel moves at right angles to the original course£¬when a turn of 180has been completed£¬is called the ______.A. advanceB. pivoting pointC. tactical diameterD. kickKEY: C[4628]The distance a vessel moves parallel to the original course from the point where the rudder is put over to any point on the turning circle is called the ______.A. advanceB. drift angleC. pivoting pointD. transferKEY: A[4629]The distance gained in the direction of the original course when you are making a turn is known as ______.A. advanceB. driftC. tactical diameterD. transferKEY: A[4630]The major cause of anchor buoy pendant wire failures is ______.A. corrosionB. rough weatherC. defective socketsD. mishandlingKEY: B[4631]The most likely location for a liquid cargo fire to occur on a tanker would be ______.A. in the midships houseB. at the main deck manifoldC. at the vent headerD. in the pumproomKEY: D[4632]The only type of helicopter that may be refueled with the engine running and the blades turning is ______.A. a helicopter carrying cargo onlyB. a turbine-equipped helicopterC. a SikorskyD. a helicopter carrying injured personnel in an emergency situationKEY: B[4633]The patrolman£¬while on duty on a passenger vessel£¬must have in his possession a(n) ______.A. nightstickB. flashlightC. passenger list showing assigned berthsD. A-I fire extinguisherKEY: B[4634]The signal for fire alarm on a ship must be indicated ______.A. at each alarm bellB. at each alarm actuatorC. near all exitsD. on the station billKEY: D[4635]The survival craft is manufactured with fire retardant ______.A. foamB. marine plywoodC. steelD. fiberglassKEY: D[4636]Upon receipt of a distress message£¬a merchant vessel is bound to proceed to the scene of the distress. Under which of the following cases would this NOT be true?A. The vessel would arrive at the distress scene more than 36 hours after the receipt of the initial distress message.B. There are vessels closer to the distress scene that are proceeding to assist.C. The Master of the vessel in distress has requisitioned another vessel£¬and that vessel has accepted the requisition.D. You are on a tanker and the distress involves a major fire on board the other vessel.KEY: C[4637]What is one of the FIRST actions you should take after abandoning and clearing away from a vessel?A. Identify the person in charge.B. Gather up useful floating objects.C. Prepare for arrival of rescue units.D. Arrange watches and duties.KEY: A[4638]What should you do if you have transmitted a distress call a number of times on channel 16 and have received no reply?A. Repeat the message using any other channel on which you might attract attention.B. Key the microphone several times before transmitting again.C. Turn up the volume on the receiver before transmitting again.D. Report the problem to the head electrician.KEY: A[4639]When evacuating a seaman by helicopter lift£¬the vessel should be ______.A. stopped with the wind dead aheadB. stopped with the wind on the beamC. underway with the wind 30on the bowD. underway on a course to provide no apparent windKEY: C[4640]When evacuating a seaman by helicopter lift£¬which course should the ship take?A. Downwind so that the apparent wind is close to nil.B. A course that will keep a free flow of air£¬clear of smoke£¬over the hoist area.C. A course that will have the hoist area in the lee of the superstructure.D. With the wind dead ahead because the helicopter is more maneuverable when going into the wind.KEY: B[4641]When evacuating a seaman by helicopter lift£¬which statement is TRUE?A. The vessel should be stopped with the wind dead ahead during the hoisting operation.B. Flags should be flown to provide a visual reference as to the direction of the apparent wind.C. The drop line should be grounded first then secured as close to the hoist point as possible.D. The hoist area should be located as far aft as possible so the pilot will have a visual reference while approaching.KEY: B[4642]When joining a vessel£¬do not forget personal documents and your spectacles£¬and ______ if necessary.A. drugB. remedyC. medicineD. healerKEY: C[4643]When jumping into water upon which there is an oil-fire£¬you should ______.A. break the water surface with your hands when diving head-firstB. use your hands to hold your knees to your chestC. cover your eyes with one hand while pinching your nose shut and covering your mouth with the otherD. enter the water at the bow or stern on the windward side of the vesselKEY: D[4644]When retrieving the survival craft£¬the winch operator should stop the winch and check ______.A. that all personnel are seated in the craftB. that the cable has not jumped any grooves on the drumC. which way the wind is blowingD. the hydraulic fluid level before liftingKEY: B[4645]Which condition is necessary for a substance to burn?A. The temperature of the substance must be equal to or above its fire point.B. The air must contain oxygen in sufficient quantity.C. The mixture of vapors with air must be within the explosive range.D. All of the aboveKEY: D[4646]Which is the proper method of determining whether a portable CO2 fire extinguisher needs recharging?A. Check the tag to see when the extinguisher was last charged.B. Release a small amount of CO2; if the CO2 discharges£¬the extinguisher is acceptable.C. Weigh the extinguisher and compare the weight against that stamped on the valve.D. Recharge the extinguisher at least once each year.KEY: C[4647]Which of the following is not a maritime perils£¿ ______.A. Stranding or grounding£®B. Striking upon rocks or shoalsC. Collision between shipsD. FireKEY: D[4648]Which of the following statements regarding low expansion foam and its application is INCORRECT£¿ ______.A. Foam should not be used on electrical firesB. One kilo of low expansion foam solution produces much more foam£®C. Foam is only efficient when it covers the top of burning combustibles£®D. A stream of foam should be deflected off the deck in order to best agitate the fireKEY: D[4649]Which procedure should be followed when individuals are rescued in cold climates and suffer from hypothermia?A. Give them brandy.B. Keep them in motion.C. Immerse them in a warm bath (105F£¬40C).D. Cover them with an electric blanket set for maximum temperature.KEY: C[4650]Which statement about firefighting foam is TRUE?A. Foam conducts electricity.B. To be most effective£¬foam should be directed at the base of the fire.C. Foam is most effective on burning liquids which are flowing.D. Foam can ONLY be used to extinguish class A fires.KEY: A14.2 º£ÉϾÈÖú[4651]As a vessel sinks to a depth of 15 feet£¬the hydrostatic trip releases the liferaft container from its cradle by ______.A. breaking the weak linkB. releasing the tie-down strapC. pulling the operating cordD. releasing the CO2 canisterKEY: B[4652]An inflatable liferaft should be manually released from its cradle by ______.A. cutting the straps that enclose the containerB. removing the rubber sealing strip from the containerC. loosening the turnbuckle on the securing strapD. pushing the button on the hydrostatic releaseKEY: D[4653]An inflatable liferaft is hand-launched by ______.A. pulling a cordB. cutting the wire restraining bandsC. removing the rubber packing stripD. throwing the entire container overboardKEY: D[4654]An inflatable liferaft can be launched by ______.A. the float-free method ONLYB. breaking the weak link on the painterC. throwing the entire container overboard and then pulling on the operating cord to inflate the raftD. removing the securing strapsKEY: C[4655]Progressive flooding may be indicated by ______.A. ballast control alarmsB. excessive draftC. excessive list or trimD. a continual worsening of list or trimKEY: D[4656]You are proceeding to a distress site and expect large numbers of people in the water. Which statement is TRUE?A. You should stop to windward of the survivors in the water and only use the ship's boats to recover the survivors.B. If the survivors are in inflatable rafts you should approach from windward to create a lee for the survivors.C. An inflatable liferaft secured alongside can be an effective boarding station for transfer of survivors from the boats.D. Survivors in the water should never be permitted alongside due to the possibility of injury from the vessel.KEY: C[4657]A breeches buoy is being rigged from the shore to a stranded vessel. The initial shot line passed to the vessel is normally made fast to a ______.A. hawser which is used to pass a tail-block and whip to the vesselB. hawser with breeches buoy and harness attachedC. hawser which should be made fast to the vessel below the intended location of the tail-blockD. tail-block and whip which may be used to pass a hawser to the vesselKEY: D[4658]A cable used by helicopters for lifting or lowering persons in a pick-up operation is a ______.A. HoistB. RopeC. CableD. LineKEY: A[4659]A capsized small sail vessel is best righted when what part of the vessel is downwind?A. SternB. BowC. CenterboardD. MastKEY: D[4660]A floating ship with an initial negative metacentric height ______.A. will capsizeB. will incline furtherC. may lie at an angle of lollD. may be initially levelKEY: C[4661]A helicopter making a round trip from a helideck with refueling capabilities to an unmanned platform will take 45 minutes each way. The helicopter should be carrying enough fuel to last ______.A. 45 minutesB. 1 hour and 15 minutesC. 1 hour and 30 minutesD. 2 hoursKEY: D[4662]A mechanical davit is designed to automatically ______.A. position the boat at the embarkation stationB. lift the boat off the inboard chocksC. energize the winch for the fallsD. set the brake on the winchKEY: B[4663]A minor heat burn of the eye should be treated by ______.A. gently flooding with waterB. warming the eye with moist warm packsC. laying the person flat on his backD. mineral oil drops directly on the eyeKEY: A[4664]A negative metacentric height ______.A. will always cause a vessel to capsizeB. should always be immediately correctedC. always results from off-center weightsD. All of the above are correctKEY: B[4665]A person has fallen overboard and is being picked up with a lifeboat. If the person appears in danger of drowning£¬the lifeboat should make ______.A. an approach from leewardB. an approach from windwardC. the most direct approachD. an approach across the windKEY: C[4666]A person has suffered a laceration of the arm. Severe bleeding has been controlled by using a sterile dressing and direct pressure. What should you do next?A. Apply a tourniquet to prevent the bleeding from restarting.B. Apply a pressure bandage over the dressing.C. Remove any small foreign matter and apply antiseptic.D. Administer fluids to assist the body in replacing the lost blood.KEY: B[4667]A person may operate an air compressor in which of the following areas on board a tank barge?A. PumproomB. Generator roomC. A space adjacent to a cargo tankD. A space two meters from a cargo valveKEY: B[4668]A person who gets battery acid in an eye should IMMEDIATELY wash the eye with ______.A. boric acid solutionB. waterC. baking soda solutionD. ammoniaKEY: B[4669]A person with diabetes has received a minor leg injured. The symptoms of the onset of a diabetic coma include ______.A. reduced appetite and thirstB. sneezing and coughingC. only a low grade feverD. slurred speech and loss of coordinationKEY: D[4670]A racetrack turn would be better than a Williamson turn in recovering a man overboard if ______.A. the man has been missing for a period of timeB. the sea water is very cold and the man is visibleC. there is thick fogD. the wind was from astern on the original courseKEY: B[4671]A rescuer can most easily determine whether or not an adult victim has a pulse by checking the pulse at the ______.A. carotid artery in the neckB. femoral artery in the groinC. brachial artery in the armD. radial artery in the wristKEY: A[4672]A right-handed propeller will cause the survival craft to ______.A. walk the stern to starboard in reverseB. walk the stern to port in reverseC. run faster than a left-handed propellerD. right itself if capsizedKEY: B[4673]A shipmate chokes suddenly£¬cannot speak£¬and starts to turn blue. You should ______.A. perform the Heimlich maneuverB. make the victim lie down with the feet elevated to get blood to the brainC. immediately administer CPRD. do nothing until the victim becomes unconsciousKEY: A[4674]A towline should be fastened to ______.A. the chocks at the bow of a towed vesselB. the most forward£¬centermost point of a towed vessel such asa sturdy bow railC. the mast of a towed sailboatD. a secure fitting near the bow of the towed vesselKEY: D[4675]Aboard a survival craft£¬ether can be used to ______.A. start the engine in cold weatherB. aid in helping personnel breatheC. prime the sprinkler systemD. prime the air supplyKEY: A[4676]AN ILLNESS PREFERABLY OF AN INFECTIOUS NATURE SEIZING MORE THAN TWO PERSONS ON BOARD AT THE SAME TIME defines ______.A. Disease of CrewB. Crew illnessC. Group illnessD. Mass diseaseKEY: D[4677]An obstruction on a helideck is any object that might present a hazard to the______.A. rotor blades and landing gearB. unloading of passengersC. loading of cargoD. pilot's visibilityKEY: A[4678]Any vessel in need of carrying out deck washing must be ______ by the department concerned beforehand£®A. requestedB. allowedC. approvedD. inquiredKEY: C[4679]For a ship not on an international voyage£¬an approved substitute for an impulse projected rocket-type line throwing appliance is a ______.A. spring loaded line throwerB. hand thrown buoyant lineC. shoulder-type line throwing gunD. heaving lineKEY: C[4680]If the coxswain of your lifeboat gives the command HOLD WATER you should ______.A. complete the stroke£¬raise your oar slightly£¬swinging the oar slightly forward£¬and place it in the boatB. lift the oar in a vertical positionC. complete the stroke and hold the oar out of the waterD. dip the blade of your oar into the water vertically and hold it perpendicular to the keel lineKEY: D[4681]If you have to jump in the water when abandoning a vessel£¬your legs should be ______.A. spread apart as far as possibleB. held as tightly against your chest as possibleC. in a kneeling positionD. extended straight down and crossed at the anklesKEY: D[4682]If you must land on a beach with an oar-propelled lifeboat through a heavy surf£¬the recommended method is to ______.A. keep the bow directly in toward the beach£¬and tow the sea anchor off the sternB. ride in on the back of a large breakerC. keep the bow into the seas with the sea anchor out over the bow£¬and row to meet the breaking wavesD. head directly into the beach by staying between the crests of the waves KEY: C[4683]In an open lifeboat£¬the lifeboat compass is usually ______.A. placed in a fixed bracket when being usedB. clamped to any position convenient for the coxswain to see itC. permanently mounted on the lifeboat's centerlineD. mounted in the center of the boat to eliminate deviationKEY: A[4684]In heavy seas the helmsman should steer the motor lifeboat ______.A. into the seasB. broadside to the seasC. in the same direction as the seasD. in a series of figure-eightsKEY: A[4685]In heavy seas you decide to heave to. The lifeboat should be ______.A. brought to a position with the stern into the seasB. allowed to take its own headC. brought to lay in the troughD. brought bow into the seasKEY: D[4686]In which situation could a vessel most easily capsize?A. Running into head seasB. Running in the troughC. Running with following seasD. Anchored with your bow into the seasKEY: B[4687]Inflatable liferafts are less maneuverable than lifeboats due to their ______.A. shapeB. shallow draftC. large sail areaD. All of the aboveKEY: D[4688]Large volumes of carbon dioxide are safe and effective for fighting fires in enclosed spaces£¬such as in a pumproom£¬provided that the ______.A. persons in the space wear gas masksB. persons in the space wear damp cloths over their mouths and nostrilsC. ventilation system is secured and all persons leave the spaceD. ventilation system is kept operatingKEY: C[4689]Multiple fire pumps may be used for other purposes provided that one pump is ______.A. on line to the fire mainB. kept available for use on the fire main at all timesC. capable of being connected to the fire mainD. rated at or above 125 psiKEY: B[4690]Oil fires are best extinguished by ______.A. cutting off the supply of oxygenB. removing the fuelC. cooling below the ignition temperatureD. spraying with waterKEY: A[4691]On a rigid liferaft which is equipped with all of the required equipment you may NOT find a ______.A. boathookB. fishing kitC. lifeline or grab railD. sea painterKEY: B[4692]On a ship£¬a fire pump may be used for other purposes if ______.A. the other services are run off a reducing station with a pressure gageB. a separate fire pump is available for use on the fire mainC. all other services are operated by a manifold near the pumpD. All of the aboveKEY: B[4693]On a vessel£¬if someone fell overboard and you did not know over which side the person fell£¬you should ______.A. immediately reverse the enginesB. stop the propellers from turning and throw a ring buoy over the sideC. increase speed to full to get the vessel away from the personD. first put the rudder hard over in either directionKEY: B[4694]Releasing oil from the sea anchor of a lifeboat may ______.A. keep the propeller from being fouledB. increase propeller speedC. help calm the waves in the vicinity of the craftD. increase the holding power of the sea anchorKEY: C[4695]Seasickness is caused by rolling or rocking motions which affect fluids in the ______.A. stomachB. lower intestinesC. inner earD. bladderKEY: C[4696]Separation cloths may be used to ______.A. absorb moisture from hygroscopic cargoesB. fill gaps between layers of cargoC. wrap cargo that leaks from packagingD. keep bagged cargo leakage from contacting the deckKEY: D[4697]Severe exposure to chlorine gas can be fatal. Chlorine gas is primarily a ______.A. respiratory irritantB. skin burning agentC. blood poisoning agentD. nerve paralyzing irritantKEY: A[4698]Steering a motor lifeboat broadside to the sea could cause it to ______.A. capsizeB. run smootherC. run fasterD. sinkKEY: A[4699]Steering a survival craft broadside to the sea could cause it to ______.A. capsizeB. run smootherC. run fasterD. sinkKEY: A[4700]Survival practice in the mooring system is to slack off the tensions on the leeward side and ______.A. deballast the unit to transit draftB. adjust as evenly as practical the windward tensionsC. release the anchors on the windward sideD. tighten the anchor buoys on the leeward side anchorsKEY: BÊ®°Ë º£ÉÏÏû·À18.1 ȼÉÕÓ뱬ը[4701]The emergency signal for fires is sounded on the ship's whistle and general alarm as ______ £®A. a continuous ringing for 10 secondsB. one short ring followed by one long ringC. two long rings of at least 20 secondsD. a continuous ringing until the fire is extinguishedKEY: A[4702]A carbon dioxide fire extinguisher should be recharged ______.A. at least annuallyB. whenever it is below its required weightC. only if the extinguisher has been usedD. before every safety inspectionKEY: B[4703]A carburetor is required to have a safety device called a(n) ______.A. pressure releaseB. backfire flame arrestorC. automatic shut off。