Monitoring the invasion of an exotic tree with Landsat TMETM+ satellite data and SVM in Cordoba

永乐群岛5个岛屿害虫普查及安全性评估作者：陈青梁晓伍春玲陈谦来源：《热带作物学报》2020年第01期摘要：永樂群岛岛礁植物虫害发生与危害状况迄今未见报道。

为了有效监控永乐群岛外来有害生物的入侵、定殖扩散与爆发成灾，本研究对永乐群岛5个岛屿的害虫进行了系统性普查及安全性评估。

结果表明，永乐群岛5个岛屿97种野生盐生植物、绿色固沙植物、耐盐蔬菜上共查获害虫（螨）83种，其中，晋卿岛38种植物上共发现26种害虫（螨）发生危害;甘泉岛30种植物上共发现20种害虫（螨）发生危害;银屿16种植物上共发现14种害虫（螨）发生危害;鸭公岛5种植物上共发现12种害虫（螨）发生危害;羚羊礁10种植物上共发现12种害虫发生危害。

调查首次发现扶桑绵粉蚧（Phenacoccus solenopsis）、新菠萝灰粉蚧（Dysmicoccus neobrevipes）、美洲斑潜蝇（Liriomyza sativae）、拟三色星灯蛾（Utetheisa lotrix）、蔷薇三节叶蜂（Arge geei）、榕蓟马（Gynaikothrips ficorum）、朱砂叶螨（Tetranychus cinnabarinus）等危险性害虫在5个岛屿32种植物生严重发生和危害。

针对国家检疫性毁灭性害虫扶桑绵粉蚧、新菠萝灰粉蚧安全性评估结果表明，这2种害虫的风险评估指数R值分别为2.21和2.23，在永乐群岛均属于高度危险有害生物，应严格管控。

本研究对于可持续防控永乐群岛岛礁植物虫害的发生危害和保护生态环境、保障当地宜居环境和岛礁作物安全生产，均具有十分重要的理论与实际意义。

关键词：永乐群岛;害虫普查;安全性评估中图分类号：S431.191 文献标识码：APest Survey and Safety Assessment on Five Islands of YongleArchipelagoCHEN Qing， LIANG Xiao， WU Chunling， CHEN QianEnvironment and Plant Protection Institute， Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs / Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests / Hainan Engineering Research Center for Biological Control of Tropical Crops Diseases and Insect Pests， Haikou， Hainan 571101， ChinaAbstract： The occurrence and damage of plant pests on the islands of Yongle Archipelago have not been reported so far. In order to effectively monitor the invasion， colonization， diffusion and outbreak of exotic pests in Yongle Archipelago， a systematic survey and safety assessment of pests in the five islands of Yongle Archipelago were conducted. The results showed that 83 pests （mites）were found on 97 species of wild halophytes， green sand-fixing plants and salt-tolerant vegetables in the five islands， of which 26 pests （mites） were found on 38 plants in Jinqing Island， 20 pests （mites） were found on 30 plants in Ganquan Island， 14 pests （mites） were found on 16 plants in Yinyu Island， 12 pests （mites） were found on 5 plants on Yagong Island and 12 pests were found on 10 plants of Antelope Reef. The above results are the first reports of plant pests （mites）on the five islands of Yongle Archipelago. In present survey， Phenacoccus solenopsis，Dysmicoccus neobrevipes， Liriomyza sativae， Utetheisa lotrix， Arge geei， Gynaikothrips ficorum and Tetranychus cinnabarinus were first found to seriously infested 32 species of plants on the five islands. In addition， according to the safety assessment results of the national quarantine destructive pests， Michelia fusanensis and M. neopineapple， the risk assessment indices R of thetwo pests was 2.21 and 2.23， respectively. They were highly dangerous pests in Yongle Islands and should be strictly controlled. This study is of important theoretical and practical significance for the sustainable prevention and control of plant pests， the ecological environment as well as the crop safety on Yongle Archipelago.Keywords： Yongle Archipelago; pest survey; safety assessmentDOI： 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2020.01.021海岛作为海上的陆地，是海洋开发的前哨和基地，其优越的地理位置、特殊的战略地位、险要的军事战略要冲、复杂多样和脆弱的生态环境、渔港等丰富的优势资源以及全方位辐射交往的特殊功能，决定着海岛具有广阔的开发前景[1-3]。

2024年苏州市新区实验中学（科技城）高二上10月月考英语试题一、阅读理解1．How many free book（s）can one get if he orders 12 books?A．1.B．2.C．6D．12.2．If one prefers stories of romance and country life, which books will you recommend?A．Our country Friends and Summer at Promise Tower.B．The Vintage Shop and Summer at Willowtree Farm.C．The Country Village Summer Fete and The Wisdom of Sally Red Shoes.D．Life and Love at Mulberry Lane and Golden Dreams.3．What information is NOT a must to provide when booking?A．ID number.B．Payment information.C．Address.D．Card security number.A 20-year-old international student from England was saved from a potentially fatal stroke August 2024 in Suzhou, Jiangsu province, thanks to the city’s rapid and integrated emergency medical response.The student collapsed on Aug 12 while participating in a summer exchange program at a university in Suzhou. His breathing was faint, and he lost consciousness after falling.Yang Xiaoping, from Suzhou’s emergency command center, received the emergency call and quickly determined that the patient required immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Yang was joined by Zhou Jie, an ICU physician from Suzhou Hospital, who provided precise guidance on executing CPR and other pre-hospital medical procedures via an online first aid platform, supported by nearby bystanders. They also instructed on the use of an automated external defibrillator (AED).Once the ambulance arrived, the patient was connected to an electronic CPR device to maintain uninterrupted chest compressions during transport. Paramedics transmitted his vital signs and other critical data to the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University.Upon arrival at the hospital, the emergency team continued CPR for seven more minutes until they successfully recovered a heartbeat and pulse. After completing CT scans and other tests, the patient was diagnosed with a stroke triggered by brain inflammation and was transferred to the intensive care unit.Over the following week, the young man’s condition steadily improved, and he is now stable.Doctors emphasized that the successful rescue underscored the importance of a well-integrated emergency response system. “He’s recovering very well.” said Lu Fan of the emergency team. “For critical cases like cardiac arrest, each step — from on-scene CPR to ambulance care to hospital resuscitation — must operate flawlessly. That’s what allowed this ideal outcome despite the language barrier.”“We are building a systematic public emergency model based on cooperation between AEDs, volunteers, and the emergency rescue dispatch system to initiate a response the moment the emergency call comes in, and the patient is now able to eat and get out of bed.” said Zhang Zhifang, deputy director of the Suzhou Health Commission.The young man’s parents, who flew to Suzhou on Aug 15, expressed their gratitude: “We`re so grateful to everyone — the university staff, ambulance team. Doctor Lu, and all who saved his life,” said the father “We hope to bring our son home alive and well, which would have been impossible without everything everyone has done.”The hospital noted that the online first aid platform, supported by Tencent and launched in July, played a crucial role in the rescue. The platform has already facilitated nine cardiac arrest rescues in its first month of operation.“Previously, we relied only on voice instructions over the phone, which was quite limiting,” said Wang Liang, deputy director of Suzhou’s emergency command center. “Video allows our dispatchers (调度员) to see the actual scene in real time for more precise guidance.”So far, over 28,000 volunteers in Suzhou have completed CPR training, with 22,000 certified as emergency responders. Public AEDs have been installed at major landmarks such as metro stations, with more planned for malls, parks, campuses, and other high-traffic areas, including the university where this incident occurred.4．What mainly contributed to the recovery of the young man in Suzhou?A．Self-saving and timely surgery.B．Quick response and cooperation of all.C．International medical instruction and help.D．Advanced medical equipment.5．How did the doctors treat him when he arrived at the hospital.A．They stopped CPR.B．They immediately sent him to the intensive care unit.C．They monitored his heartbeat and pulse.D．They started a surgery.6．What’s the possible meaning of the underlined word in Para. 7?A．Stressed.B．Attached.C．Improved.D．Limited. 7．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．There was no language barrier when saving this young man.B．The young man is still in a dangerous condition.C．The online first aid platform played a significant role in-the rescue.D．We’re still relying only on limited voice instructions over the phone.An endangered fish species that disappeared four decades ago from the Dianchi Lake, the largest freshwater lake in Yunnan province, has been “reborn” in the Dianchi Lake basin, thanks to scientists’ efforts and the improvement of the basin’s ecological environment.The golden-line barbel(Sinocyclocheilus graham), an endangered fish species that disappeared four decades ago from the Dianchi Lake in Yunnan province, has rebuilt a stable population in the Dianchi Lake basin.The golden-line barbel(Sinocyclocheilus Grahami), a type of rare cave fish originally lives in Dianchi Lake, has been absent from the lake since the 1980s due to factors such as water pollution, reclamation of land from lakes, and invasion of exotic species.In 2007, researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences’ Kunming Institute of Zoology achieved a breakthrough in the fish’s artificial breeding technology, making it the third Chinese nationally protected fish species to be successfully bred artificially, following the Chinese sturgeon and the red-bellied fish.Wang Xaoai, a senior engincer at the Kunming Institute of Zoology, said since 2009, theinstitute has released over 3 million artificially bred golden-line barbel fingerlings (鱼) in the Dianchi Lake basin amid the improvement of the lake’s ecological environment and water quality.“According to our monitoring, these fingerlings have formed a stable population of 400 to 500 for a decade in the Panlong River, one of the major rivers that flow into Dianchi Lake,” she said, noting that her research team has also been cultivating the native aquatic plants such as Ottelia acuminata, as well as snails and mussels to restore the local ecosystem.“Next, we hope to find some fish eggs or fingerlings in the lake, which would demonstrate that the species is capable of reproducing and sustaining itself in the current aquatic ecosystem,” Wang said.To date, the institute has made breakthroughs in artificial breeding techniques for 48 indigenous fish species in Y unnan, and has successfully restored wild populations of nine local fish species, she added.8．Why did the golden-line barbel disappear 40 years ago?A．Scientists’ efforts.B．Good ecological environment.C．Stable population.D．Water pollution.9．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．The number of the fish was improved naturally.B．The fish was the first Chinese nationally protected fish species.C．Over 3 million artificially bred golden-line barbel was released to Dianchi Lake basin.D．They cleaned the lake and drove away the exotic species.10．What can be inferred from Wang’s words?A．These fingerlings have formed a stable population of 400 to 500 in the Dianchi Lake.B．The native aquatic plants, snails and mussels help to restore the local ecosystem.C．We have found some fish eggs or fingerlings in the lake.D．The species is capable of reproducing and sustaining itself.11．Which column can this article most possibly belong to?A．Travel.B．Technology.C．Ecology.D．PoliticsHealth chiefs are to use artificial intelligence to screen and treat people at risk of hepatitis C (丙型肝炎) under plans to wipe out the life-threatening disease by 2030.The NHS scheme, due to start within weeks in England, aims to identify thousands of patients unaware that they have the virus (病毒) so that treatment can be given before it is too late. Staff will use AI to comb through patient health records and look for significant risk factors, such as historical blood transfusions or an HIV diagnosis.Anyone identified by the AI software will be invited for a consultation by their GP and, if necessary, will undergo further screening for hepatitis C．Patients who test positive for the virus — which can be caught from contact with the blood of an infected person, such as by sharing a needle — will be offered antiviral medicines. Professor Graham Foster, chairman for NHS England’s hepatitis C elimination programs, described the scheme as “a significant step forward” in the fight to root out the virus.“Hepatitis C can be a deadly disease which affects tens of thousands across the country but with unlimited access to NHS treatments, innovative patient finding initiatives such as this one…we will continue to boost the life chances of thousands of patients by catching the virus even earlier,” Foster said in an interview. Hepatitis C deaths fell by 35 percent in the five years to 2020, from 482 to 314, according to the latest data from the UK Health Security Agency. New cases also fell from 129,000 in 2015 to 81,000 in 2020. The fall in deaths was largely thanks to earlier detection of the virus and improved access to treatments.Rachel Halford, chief executive of the Hepatitis C Trust, said: “There has been brilliant work to expand testing in a wide range of settings in recent years but we have not yet seen the advances we need to see in primary care. The rollout of this screening programme is therefore another vital step towards achieving elimination (根除).”12．What is the purpose of the NHS scheme?A．To test the virus and cure patients with hepatitis C．B．To effectively wipe out the life-threatening disease.C．To boost the life chances of patients by eliminating the virus.D．To detect patients with hepatitis C for early treatment.13．Who is most likely to be infected with hepatitis C?A．A man who shakes hands with an infected stranger.B．A boy who has breakfast with his infected friends.C．A woman who works with hepatitis C patients every day.D．A girl who happens to transfuse blood donated by infected patients.14．What’s Paragraph 4 mainly about?A．The danger of hepatitis B．The advancement of NHS treatments.C．The effects of the programme.D．The urgency of curing the disease. 15．What’s the main idea of the passage?A．Hepatitis C is a life-threatening disease.B．NHS scheme helps to kill the hepatitis C virus.C．Hepatitis C deaths in the UK have declined.D．AI is a new weapon against deadly hepatitis C．Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: “Should I jump?” This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 16 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.17 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 18 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 19 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 20 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.A．This can affect your work.B．So how should you motivate yourself?C．However, this should not discourage you.D．So why should we try to set specific goals?E．They can change according to circumstances.F．Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.G．Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.二、完形填空At 33, I did something brave, or some would say stupid. I 21 Congress (国会). For years, I had existed safely 22 the scenes in politics as an organizer, but in my heart, I always wanted to run. The polls (投票), however, told a very 23 story. I only got 19 percent of the vote. Despite the result, this was the first time in my entire life that I had done something that was truly brave, where I didn’t worry about being 24 .In 2012, I started a company to teach girls to code. We immediately see our girls’ 25 of not being perfect. When the girls are first learning how to code, she’ll say, “I don’t know what 26 to write.” and shows a 27 text editor. But if the teacher presses undo a few times, she’ll see her student wrote code and then 28 it. Instead of showing the 29 that she made, she’d rather show nothing at all.Some people worry about our budget deficit (赤字), but I worry about our 30 deficit. Most girls are raised to 31 risk and failure. This is 32 women are underrepresented in STEM, in Congress, and pretty much everywhere you look. We have to socialize our girls to be comfortable with 33 , and we’ve got to do it now. We have to teach them to be brave in schools and early in their careers, when it has the most potential to 34 their lives, and we have to show them that they will be loved and 35 not for being perfect but for being courageous.21．A．ran for B．lied to C．voted against D．traded with 22．A．on B．off C．inside D．behind 23．A．classic B．simple C．different D．complex 24．A．risky B．perfect C．stupid D．beautiful25．A．fear B．effort C．trouble D．struggle 26．A．code B．answer C．deficit D．character 27．A．random B．blank C．marked D．broken 28．A．used B．saved C．cracked D．deleted 29．A．mess B．success C．progress D．difference 30．A．honesty B．bravery C．generosity D．determination 31．A．face B．avoid C．admit D．expect 32．A．why B．how C．when D．where 33．A．doubt B．danger C．uncertainty D．imperfection 34．A．earn B．risk C．impact D．enjoy 35．A．inspired B．accepted C．tolerated D．protected三、语法填空阅读下面材料, 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Eyes are often referred to as the windows to the soul,and protecting our vision is of paramount importance.Here are some key points to consider when writing an essay on protecting eyesight:1.Importance of Vision:Begin by emphasizing the significance of good eyesight for daily life activities,including reading,driving,and enjoying the beauty of the world around us.2.Causes of Eye Strain:Discuss the common causes of eye strain,such as prolonged screen time,reading in poor lighting,and incorrect posture while studying or working.3.Healthy Habits:Suggest healthy habits for maintaining good eyesight,such as taking regular breaks from screen time,practicing the202020rule every20minutes,look at something20feet away for20seconds,and ensuring adequate lighting when reading or working.4.Proper Nutrition:Highlight the role of a balanced diet rich in vitamins A,C,and E,as well as omega3fatty acids,which are essential for eye health.5.Regular Eye Checkups:Stress the importance of regular eye examinations to detect any issues early and to correct them with the appropriate lenses or treatment.6.Physical Activity:Encourage participation in outdoor activities and sports,as they can help reduce the risk of myopia and improve overall eye health.7.Avoiding Harmful Behaviors:Advise against behaviors that can harm the eyes,such as reading in direct sunlight,using electronic devices in the dark,and rubbing the eyes excessively.e of Protective Gear:Mention the use of protective eyewear when engaging in activities that pose a risk to the eyes,such as sports or working with hazardous materials.9.Awareness and Education:Advocate for greater awareness and education about eye health to prevent common vision problems and promote early intervention.10.Conclusion:Conclude by reiterating the importance of protecting our eyes and the steps we can take to maintain good vision for a lifetime.Remember to use clear and concise language,provide examples,and perhaps include a personal anecdote or a call to action to engage your readers.。

节日作文之西方节日对中国传统节日的影响英语作文西方节日对中国传统节日的影响英语作文【篇一：英语作文西方节日和中国传统节日】improper expressions:1.2.3.4. spring festival for there is a long time …, we have to… this phenomenon results in the doubt that whether christmas will replace… traditional festivals should be paid more attention than foreign festivals.5. we exchange…, which results in more and mo re people get interested in foreign festivals.6. the question that whether christmas will replace the spring festival leads to a heateddiscussion in society.7. there are many people in the western countries celebrate the spring festival.proper and good expressions:1. with the tendency towards globalization2. the spring festival should be passed on from generation to generation3. it seems that some traditional festivals like the spring festival are gradually overshadowedby christmas.4. globalization has encouraged the popularity of christmas in chinese.5. the spring festival is an apparent symbol of chinese culture which is engraved in everychinese’s mind.6. cultural heritage7. learning their culture is a must…. we learn engl ish in order to make more people learnchinese.8. festival celebrating has been globalized9. some people suspect that the obsession with christmas will lead us to neglect anothertraditional festival--- the spring festival.10. observing christmas d oesn’t mean abandoning the spring festival.11. the spring festival is more than a festival12. an exotic festival13. chinese are celebrating some western festivals, and vice versa.14. some most celebrated festivals in our country are the essence of our long history and richculture.15. currently, the word “christmas” has evolved into a symbol of happiness and gifts.16. people tend to have an increasing liking for observing western festivals17. in the circumstances of globalizationmodalin the course of globalization, western culture has flooded into china at an almost non-stop rate. along with it come western festivals, the most influential of which is christmas. as a result of this “culture invasion”, more and more chinese people, particularly the youth, are abandoning traditional chinese festivals. there is even a prediction that the spring festival will ultimately be replaced by christmas. however, personally i’m not in favor of this statement, as the spring festival is a kind of cultural heritage serving as a spiritual legacy for all of us to cling to, regardless of any hindrance.first of all, observing christmas does not mean that the spring festival can be neglected. the spring festival has its roots in chinese history, from which it requires its identity and meaning irreplaceable by christmas. as christmas stemmed from western civilization, it can’t easily fit inwith chinese society, let alone take the place of the spring festival.secondly, the spring festival expresses our true emotions while christmas cannot. often, the spring festival arouses a feeling of eternal harmony, creates a sense of happiness, and conveys a message of family. however, christmas goes no further than one night’s pleasure or some fancy presents, which is surely to fade away with passing tide of time and memory.the spring festival is not going to lose its vigor to christmas, as it’s just like a warm beacon for all the chinese to gather around to cheer, to dream and to carry on. 春节作文写春节作文前，我们可以先回忆下过春节是我们参加过的活动，如贴倒福、分压岁钱、吃饺子、掸扬尘、贴年画、贴剪纸、放鞭炮、守岁、给压岁钱、挂千千结、贴春联等，然后挑一个我们印象深刻的上网查些资料，可以到百度搜春节的八个习俗，春节的由来与传说等，也可以上作文网作文素材频道找到相关资料再进行介绍。

穿越到唐朝英语作文As I crossed over into the Tang Dynasty, I was filled with a mix of excitement and trepidation. The thought of experiencing a time so far in the past was both thrilling and nerve-wracking. Walking through the bustling streets of Chang'an, I was in awe of the sights and sounds that surrounded me. The vibrant colors of the market stalls, the scent of exotic spices wafting through the air, and the constant hum of conversation in a language I did not understand all served to transport me to a bygone era.穿越到唐朝时期，我的心情充满了兴奋和恐惧。

经历一个如此遥远的时代既令人激动又让人紧张。

走在长安繁华的街道上，我对周围的景物感到无比震撼。

市场摊位上鲜艳的色彩、飘过空气的异国香料气味以及不断传来的一门陌生语言的嘈杂谈话声，都让我仿佛穿越到了一个往昔的时代。

One of the most striking things about the Tang Dynasty was the rich cultural and artistic heritage that flourished during this time. From the exquisite poetry of Du Fu and Li Bai to the intricate paintings on silk, the Tang Dynasty was a golden age of creativity and innovation. As I wandered through the ancient temples and palaces, I couldn'thelp but marvel at the beauty and skill of the artisans and craftsmen who had created these masterpieces centuries ago.唐朝最引人注目的事情之一是在这个时期兴盛的丰富文化和艺术遗产。

雅思写作范文精讲：文化交流雅思写作高分范文能够让考生有效学习遣词造句的技巧，还能扩展词汇量。

对于基础薄弱的考生而言，背诵高分范文也是一个不错的选择。

除了能够快速提高语法的运用能力之外，还能积累大量的好词好句。

今天小编为大家带来雅思写作范文精讲：文化交流。

希望能够帮助到大家。

A类雅思写作话题关于文化交流影响及解析A类雅思写作题目：Some visitors are interested in other countries' cultures and traditions. How they learn other cultures and traditions? Why this is interesting to some visitors but not to others?A类雅思写作解析：此类雅思写作题目是典型report文章的写法，可以遵照report雅思写作模式，分别从why和how切入，并依次展开进行具体阐述。

学习当地的文化是否能起到立竿见影的效果呢?要讲清楚为什么有些人不喜欢学习等原因。

雅思写作范文：When visiting foreign countries some people think that it is advantageous to learn their cultures and traditions. How do you think people can learn other cultures and traditions? Why do you think that some people are interested in learning those traditions and cultures while others are not? Give reasons for your opinion and include any relevant examples from your knowledge or experience.在国外访问时，有些人认为学习他们的文化和传统是有好处的。

竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除西方节日的英语作文篇一：中西方传统节日对比英语作文secondenglishpaperseachnationhasitsowncharacteristicfestivalsthatreflectthecultureofitself.Inchina,asourcountryandwesterncountriesbecomeincreasinglycloser,moreandmor echineseacceptwesternculture.however,somewesternfestivalssometimesevenmorepopula rthantraditionalfestivals,foreigncultural’sinfluenceshouldnotbeunderestimated.ThemainThemaing roupofcelebratingwesternfestivalsisyouthgroupwhichtakesstudentsasthemainforce.peoplecelebratefestivals suchasValentinesday,mothersday,ThanksgivingDayandch ristmasDay.Infact,becauseofthechinesewayofthinking, westernholidaysinchinaisjustpopularforchristmasandV alentinesday,notallwesternholidaysattractpeoplesatt ention.Accordingtoasurveyofcentralchinanormaluniver sity,manycollegestudentsknowtheexistenceofwesternfe stivals,butlittleofthemknowabouttheirculturalconnot ations.Inadditiontochristmas,respondentswhoknowothe rwesternfestivals’meaningarelessthan10%.Referringtothewaytocelebratin g,ingeneral,duringtheFestival,peoplesendgiftssuchas flowersandgreetingcards.Theysingwithfriends,andblessorsendmessagestoeachother;lotsofpeoplearegoing torelaxduringthefestival:shopping,invitingfriendsto restaurants,dancing,andsoon.onthewhole,chineseceleb ratewesternholidayswiththefollowingfaithfourandacharacteristics:passionforuniversality ,particularity,blindconsumptionAsthesayinggoes,1000readershave1000hamletsinmind.pe oplehavedifferentviewsonwhetherchineseshouldcelebra tewesternholidays.somepeoplewhoarekeenonwesternfest ivals,arguedthatchinastraditionalfestivalsaretoorig idandtherearemanyfestivalswithfeudalthinking.onthec ontrary,westernfestivalswhichflamboyantandreflectareexcitingadvocateInthefreedom .addition,westernholidaysmakepeoplewho’reunderheavysocialpressurehaveachancetorelax.Atthes ametime,someexpertsbelievethatthecelebrationofweste rnholidaysareaninevitabletrendofculturalexchanges.h uangKemin,asociologistbelievesthatcelebratingwester nholidaysisaformofculturalcommunication.Insomecases ,it’llfillvacanciesinchineseculture.somestudentsbelieve thatcelebratingwesternfestivalscanenhancethefriends hipofclassmatesandmaketheclassesmoresolidarity.Duri ngafestival,mostofthesupermarketsandrestaurantsprovidepromotionsthatbenefitconsumers,thesefestivalsalsoha sacatalyticroletoeconomicdevelopment.opponentsbelievethatchinahasitsownhistoryandlocalcu ltureforthousandsofyears,thewesternFestivaldon’tsuitchinasneedsforculturaldevelopment.Also,duetobl indworship,peopleoftenlosttraditionalculture.celebr atingwesternholidayswillshakethetraditionalculture’sstatusinthemindsofnationalsandendangertheinheritan ceanddevelopmentoftraditionalculture.Forexample,man yyoungpeoplecelebrateValentinesday,buttheydontknowc hineseLovers’sDay.Inaddition,owingtotheculturalinvasion,manycoun triesarewaryofforeignholidays.Toguaranteechinesecul tural’sindependence,westernholidayscann’tbeallowedtodevelopfreely.Atthesametime,manypeoplec elebratewesternfestivalsforfollowingthefashion.Thee ffectofculturalexchangesisn’tobvious.Inaddition,theblindpursuitofconsumptionand enjoymentcausesmoneyworship,hedonismandotherbadidea s.Justmypersonalopinion,weshouldcelebratewesternholid ayswithrationalthought,andweshouldn’tloseourselves.TowardswesternFestivals,weshouldtakeitses senceanddiscardthedregs.Forinstance,ThanksgivingDay canbeadvocatedformakingourcultureadvanceasitreflect soneofchinesetraditionalvirtues-gratefulness;others ,suchashalloween,shouldbetreatedcalmlybecauseit’sreligious.culturalintegrationisthetrendofthehistoricaldevelopment.soweshouldnotimplement"isolationism".un derthepremiseofenhancingawarenessoftraditionalcultu reandrevitalizingchineseculture,wecanactivelyentert heworldthathasfrequentculturalexchanges.Festivalsareimportantmeansofculturaltransmissionwhi chhosttheimportantcultural.They’rethecrystallizationofhumanwisdom.Richfestivallight supourlives,forourlifehasvariouscolors.Letustakethe broadmindandappreciatethecolorfulfestivals!篇二：英语作文西方节日和中国传统节日Improperexpressions:1.2.3.4.springFestivalForthereisalongtime…,wehaveto…Thisphenomenonresultsinthedoubtthatwhetherchristmas willreplace…traditionalfestivalsshouldbepaidmoreattentionthanfo reignfestivals.5.weexchange…,whichresultsinmoreandmorepeoplegetin terestedinforeignfestivals.6.Thequestionthatwhetherchristmaswillreplacethespri ngFestivalleadstoaheateddiscussioninsociety.7.Therearemanypeopleinthewesterncountriescelebratet hespringFestival.properandgoodexpressions:1.withthetendencytowardsglobalization2.thespringFestivalshouldbepassedonfromgenerationto generation3.ItseemsthatsometraditionalfestivalslikethespringF estivalaregraduallyovershadowedbychristmas.4.globalizationhasencouragedthepopularityofchristma sinchinese.5.ThespringFestivalisanapparentsymbolofchinesecultu rewhichisengravedineverychinese’smind.6.culturalheritage7.Learningtheircultureisamust….welearnenglishinord ertomakemorepeoplelearnchinese.8.festivalcelebratinghasbeenglobalized9.somepeoplesuspectthattheobsessionwithchristmaswillleadustoneglectanothertraditionalfestival---thespringFestival.10.observingchristmasdoesn’tmeanabandoningthespringFestival.11.thespringFestivalismorethanafestival12.anexoticfestival13.chinesearecelebratingsomewesternfestivals,andvic eversa.14.somemostcelebratedfestivalsinourcountryaretheess enceofourlonghistoryandrichculture.15.currently,theword“christmas”hasevolvedintoasymbolofhappinessandgifts.16.peopletendtohaveanincreasinglikingforobservingwe sternfestivals17.inthecircumstancesofglobalizationmodalInthecourseofglobalization,westernculturehasfloodedintochinaatanalmostnon-stoprate.Alongwithitcomewest ernfestivals,themostinfluentialofwhichischristmas.A saresultofthis“cultureinvasion”,moreandmorechinesepeople,partic ularlytheyouth,areabandoningtraditionalchinesefesti vals.ThereisevenapredictionthatthespringFestivalwil lultimatelybereplacedbychristmas.however,personally I’mnotinfavorofthisstatement,asthespringFestivalisaki ndofculturalheritageservingasaspirituallegacyforall ofustoclingto,regardlessofanyhindrance.Firstofall,observingchristmasdoesnotmeanthatthespri ngFestivalcanbeneglected.ThespringFestivalhasitsroo tsinchinesehistory,fromwhichitrequiresitsidentityan dmeaningirreplaceablebychristmas.Aschristmasstemmed fromwesterncivilization,itcan’teasilyfitinwithchinesesociety,letalonetaketheplaceofthespringF estival.secondly,thespringFestivalexpressesourtrueemotionswhilechristmascannot.often,thespringFestivalarousesa feelingofeternalharmony,createsasenseofhappiness,an dconveysamessageoffamily.however,christmasgoesnofur therthanonenight’spleasureorsomefancypresents,whichissurelytofadeawa ywithpassingtideoftimeandmemory.ThespringFestivalisnotgoingtoloseitsvigortochristma s,asit’sjustlikeawarmbeaconforallthechinesetogatheraroundt ocheer,todreamandtocarryon.春节作文写春节作文前，我们可以先回忆下过春节是我们参加过的活动，如贴倒福、分压岁钱、吃饺子、掸扬尘、贴年画、贴剪纸、放鞭炮、守岁、给压岁钱、挂千千结、贴春联等，然后挑一个我们印象深刻的上网查些资料，可以到百度搜春节的八个习俗，春节的由来与传说等，也可以上作文网作文素材频道找到相关资料再进行介绍。

AlienInvasion外来物种入侵Bad idea. Instead of chowing8 down on the beetles, cane toads gobbled9 anything they could swallow—pet food, garbage, honeybees, termites10, snails, and mice.The toads multiplied11 , spreading across the northern coast of Australia. Today toads are such a problem that a member of the Australian government recently suggested that citizens use golf clubs to whack12 the warty13 amphibians14 !Australia isn’t the only country dealing with unwelcome animal guests. In the United State s, hundreds of invasive species pose15 a threat to the environment.The Aliens are comingAn invasive species is nonnative, or alien, to the ecosystem16. An ecosystem is a group of plants, animals, and other living organisms that live together in the same area. Although invasive species don’t damage their own ecosystem, they can cause massive destruction when they invade another area.For example, fingernail-sized zebra mussels17 hitchhiked18 from Russia to the Great Lakes in the water tanks of ships. When those ships landed in the United States, the zebra mussels began gobbling up food and oxygen, leaving nothing for other underwater creatures to eat.They also irritated19 humans. Each year, a female zebra mussel can produce 30,000 to 1 million eggs. When those eggs hatch20, the mussels clog pipes that provide drinking water to houses and schools.A beetle called the emerald ash borer21 arrived in the United States from China in wood packing material carried aboard cargo ships or airplanes.The adult emerald ash borer nibbles22 on the leaves of the ash tree. The larvae23 of the beetle, however, cause far more damage by chomping24 through the inner bark25 of ash trees. The insects destroy the tunnels that allow water and nutrients26 to travel from the roots to the leaves. Emerald ash borers have killed 8 million to 10 million trees in Michigan, Ohio, and Indiana. Another invasive species that is wreaking havoc27 is the snakehead28 fish.Snakeheads arrived in the United States from Asia as exotic29 pets. When pet owners grew tired of the snakeheads, they threw the fish into nearby lakes and streams.The snakehead fish now live in several states and can move over land from one body of water to another body. They dine greedily and can clear a pond of all its fish. The snakehead was recently spotted in a lake in Queens, N.Y., a part of New York City.“The world has changed so much in the last 100 years,” Jodie A. Ellis, a scientist at Purdue University, told Senior Edition. “We are now able to s hare so many things with other countries, which is mostly a good thing. But there are costs, and one of those costs is the constant threat of invasive species.”Why should we care?In addition to destroying an ecosystem, the devastation30 caused by invasive species can be costly. In the United States, the damage caused by the peaky critters31 is roughly $137 million per year.“Our natural ecosystems are the primary source of our food and drinking water,” Lisa Gould, a senior scientist at the Rhode Isla nd Natural History Survey, told Senior Edition. “Ecosystems helpkeep our air clean. They give us medicines and materials for our industries. Without them, we could not exist for long.”Battling the cane toadBack in Australia, the government has devoted $1 million to combating that country’s pesky toad problem. Scientists are researching what kind of poisons can kill the creature.Wildlife officials are also setting up traps to catch the toads, which are now hitchhiking across Australia in the backs of cars and trucks.“We cannot tolerate a situation where cane toads are getting a free ride across the continent,” says one Australian official.What can you do?Kids can do a lot of things to prevent alien plants and animals from invading our ecosystems. Robert J. Wiese, director of animal collections at the Fort Worth Zoo, says you should figure out which animals and plants belong in your community and which ones don’t.Most people don’t know a lot about their natural surroundings. Wiese said. By the t ime a plant or an animal has invaded an ecosystem, it’s too late. Wiese gives this advice:● Use native plants in your garden.●Don’t release unwanted pets into the wild. That is especially a problem with tropical fish, which people often dump into waterways.20世纪30年代，喜吃甜食的甲虫吞噬了澳大利亚的大片甘蔗。

单位内部认证船舶英语考试(试卷编号231)1.[单选题]The difference between measured and desired values is called _________.A)offsetB)errorC)deviationD)set答案:C解析:【注】deviation：偏差2.[单选题]What is international NAVTEX based on?A)TerrestrialB)NBDPC)Satellite.D)Digital答案:B解析:【注】国际NAVTEX业务是基于NBDP技术的。

3.[单选题]_____ is NOT a part of the main switchboard.A)Bus-barB)LoadC)ParallelingD)Shore答案:D解析:【注】shore connection box：岸电接线箱4.[单选题]The development of ______ led to the fully automatic ARPA systems installed on commercial ships.A)SeaTalkB)powerfulC)chartplotterD)small-scale答案:B解析:5.[单选题]The abbreviation of “PF” in the electrotechnics field equivalents to______.A)powerB)power6.[单选题]Which statement about the gyrocompass is FALSE?A)ItsB)ItC)ItD)If答案:A解析:7.[单选题]Brushless generators are designed to operate without the use of _____.A)brushesB)slipC)commutatorsD)all答案:D解析:8.[单选题]The gyrocompass error resulting from your vessel's movement in OTHER than an east-west direction is called ______.A)dampingB)ballisticC)quadrantalD)speed答案:D解析:【注】damping error：阻尼误差；quadrantal error：象限差9.[单选题]AIS stands for ______.A)AtlanticB)AutomaticC)AstronomicalD)Audio答案:B解析:10.[单选题]The marine high-voltage power system is rated higher than ______ but not higher than _______.A)440B)38011.[单选题]The DPU in the DataChief C20 alarm and monitoring system stands for ______.A)DocumentB)DistributedC)DepartmentD)Display答案:B解析:12.[单选题]The steering gear provides a movement to the rudder in response to a signal from the______.A)bridgeB)MCRC)transmissionD)engine答案:A解析:13.[单选题]The magnetic field is provided by electromagnets so arranged that adjacent poles have _____.A)oppositeB)theC)negativeD)positive答案:A解析:【注】磁场由电磁铁产生，电磁铁布置成相邻的磁极磁性相反。

抵御外星人入侵的作文英语Title: Defending Against Alien Invasion。

In the vast expanse of the universe, humanity stands as a tiny speck, vulnerable to the unknown threats that may lurk beyond our planet. The concept of defending against an alien invasion may seem like something out of science fiction, but as we continue to explore space and expand our knowledge, the possibility becomes a legitimate concern. In this essay, we will explore various strategies and technologies that could be employed to defend Earth against extraterrestrial threats.First and foremost, preparation is key. Establishing robust early warning systems to detect incoming alien spacecraft or other anomalies is crucial. This could involve advanced satellite networks, deep space telescopes, and automated surveillance systems capable of scanning the cosmos for any signs of potential danger. Rapid communication channels would need to be established toensure timely dissemination of information to relevant authorities and defense forces.Next, we must consider our defensive capabilities. Conventional weapons may prove ineffective against advanced alien technology, so we would need to invest in cutting-edge military hardware specifically designed for extraterrestrial threats. This could include directed energy weapons, electromagnetic pulse (EMP) devices, and kinetic bombardment systems. Research into exotic forms of propulsion and energy generation could also yield new technologies to counter alien spacecraft.Furthermore, international cooperation is essential in the face of such a monumental threat. Establishing aunified global defense coalition would pool together resources, expertise, and intelligence from nations around the world. This would require diplomacy, trust-building, and the setting aside of geopolitical differences for the greater good of humanity. Joint military exercises and simulations could help prepare defense forces for potential alien encounters.In addition to military defense, diplomatic efforts could also play a crucial role in deterring alien aggression. Initiating peaceful contact with any extraterrestrial civilizations encountered could help establish communication channels and prevent misunderstandings that could lead to conflict. Establishing protocols for peaceful coexistence and conflict resolution on a galactic scale would be unprecedented but necessary in the event of first contact.Moreover, investing in scientific research and exploration could enhance our understanding of the universe and better prepare us for potential encounters with extraterrestrial beings. This includes studying astrobiology, xenobiology, and other related fields to anticipate the behavior and capabilities of alien life forms. Robotic probes and manned missions to other planets and moons could also provide valuable insights into the potential threats we may face beyond Earth.Lastly, maintaining public awareness and engagement iscrucial in garnering support for efforts to defend against alien invasion. Education campaigns, media outreach, and public forums could help inform and involve citizens in discussions about the risks and preparations necessary for such an eventuality. By fostering a sense of collective responsibility and resilience, we can better prepare ourselves to face whatever challenges the cosmos may throw our way.In conclusion, while the prospect of defending against an alien invasion may seem like something out of a Hollywood blockbuster, it is a scenario that warrants serious consideration. By investing in early warning systems, advanced military technology, international cooperation, diplomatic efforts, scientific research, and public engagement, we can better prepare ourselves to protect Earth and humanity from extraterrestrial threats. Only by working together as a global community can we ensure our survival in the face of the unknown.。