2016考研英语长难句突破：同位语从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。今天我们就来重点讲一下其中的同位语从句。
在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句中的主要从句之一，从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词（短语）的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词（短语）加以补充说明或进一步解释，相当于一个表语从句，它们之间的关系是同位关系，即主表关系。
【例1】I have a dream that one day, all roads will be made plain.我有一个梦想，有一天，所有道路将变平坦。
【例2】Museums play a role of education for the simple reason that they provide people with a good opportunity to have a deeper understanding of their own country’s tradition and cultures.博物馆在教育中发挥作用，原因很简单，它们为人们提供一个很好的机会，可以更深层次地了解自己国家的传统和文化。
利用同位语的方法对简单句进行扩充，迅速“化腐朽为神奇”，提升句子难度，对作文加分很有帮助。例如：李先生是个好老师。
Mr. Li is a good teacher.
Mr. Li, a man, is a good teacher.
Mr. Li, a real man, is a good teacher.
Mr. Li, the realest man all around the world in history, is a good teacher.
Mr. Li, one of the realest men all around the world in the history, is a good teacher.
Mr. Li, one of the realest men all around the world in the history that I have ever seen in my life, is a good teacher.
同位语从句的结构是：一个抽象名词+引导词+一个完整的句子
同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。
可以跟同位语从句的抽象名词通常有news, idea, fact, promise, question, doubt, thought, hope, message, suggestion, words（消息）, possibility等。
【例句】I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.我从王老师那儿得知他今天下午不能见你。
英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词that, whether,连接副词how, when, where等。
【例句】I have no idea when he will be back.我不知道他什么时候回来。
注意：有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。
英国桂冠诗人约翰·梅斯菲尔德说：“快乐的日子使人睿智。”很多考生可能觉得这句话应该反过来说，但其实复习过一段时间以后，面对着越来越复杂的难题，你就会发现，保持快乐的心态，复习效率自然而然就会提高。
虽然有突破口、也有规律可循，但这并不意味着我们可以一劳永逸、高枕无忧，要知道，想要精通世界上任何一门语言，除非有天生的语言天分，否则偷不得半分懒，只能勤勤恳恳反复练习。一遍不懂读两遍，默念不行就大声念出来，遇到不认识的单词就查，不懂的句子就静下心来拆分结构。总之，读书百遍、其义自现，英语学习之路上没有笨蛋，只有懒人。综上就是小编给大家提供的高分技巧，技巧就是牢固的知识点和强悍的答题思路，预祝所有考生2016考研有个好成绩。
凯程教育：
凯程考研成立于2005年，国内首家全日制集训机构考研，一直从事高端全日制辅导，由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成，为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。
凯程考研的宗旨：让学习成为一种习惯；
凯程考研的价值观口号：凯旋归来，前程万里；
信念：让每个学员都有好最好的归宿；
使命：完善全新的教育模式，做中国最专业的考研辅导机构；
激情：永不言弃，乐观向上；
敬业：以专业的态度做非凡的事业；
服务：以学员的前途为已任，为学员提供高效、专业的服务，团队合作，为学员服务，为学员引路。
如何选择考研辅导班：
在考研准备的过程中，会遇到不少困难，尤其对于跨专业考生的专业课来说，通过报辅导班来弥补自己复习的不足，可以大大提高复习效率，节省复习时间，大家可以通过以下几个方面来考察辅导班，或许能帮你找到适合你的辅导班。
师资力量：师资力量是考察辅导班的首要因素，考生可以针对辅导名师的辅导年限、辅导经验、历年辅导效果、学员评价等因素进行综合评价，询问往届学长然后选择。判断师资力量关键在于综合实力，因为任何一门课程，都不是由一、两个教师包到底的，是一批教师配合的结果。还要深入了解教师的学术背景、资料著述成就、辅导成就等。凯程考研名师云集，李海洋、张鑫教授、方浩教授、卢营教授、孙浩教授等一大批名师在凯程授课。而有的机构只是很普通的老师授课，对知识点把握和命题方向，欠缺火候。
对该专业有辅导历史：必须对该专业深刻理解，才能深入辅导学员考取该校。在考研辅导班中，从来见过如此辉煌的成绩：凯程教育拿下2015五道口金融学院状元，考取五道口15人，清华经管金融硕士10人，人大金融硕士15个，中财和贸大金融硕士合计20人，北师大教育学7人，会计硕士保录班考取30人，翻译硕士接近20人，中传状元王园璐、郑家威都是来自凯程，法学方面，凯程在人大、北大、贸大、政法、武汉大学、公安大学等院校斩获多个法学和法硕状元，更多专业成绩请查看凯程网站。在凯程官方网站的光荣榜，成功学员经验谈视频特别多，都是凯程战绩的最好证明。对于如此高的成绩，凯程集训营班主任邢老师说，凯程如此优异的成绩，是与我们凯程严格的管理，全方位的辅导是分不开的，很多学生本科都不是名校，某些学生来自二本三本甚至不知名的院校，还有很多是工作了多年才回来考的，大多数是跨专业考研，他们的难度大，竞争激烈，没有严格的训练和同学们的刻
苦学习，是很难达到优异的成绩。最好的办法是直接和凯程老师详细沟通一下就清楚了。
建校历史：机构成立的历史也是一个参考因素，历史越久，积累的人脉资源更多。例如，凯程教育已经成立10年（2005年），一直以来专注于考研，成功率一直遥遥领先，同学们有兴趣可以联系一下他们在线老师或者电话。
有没有实体学校校区：有些机构比较小，就是一个在写字楼里上课，自习，这种环境是不太好的，一个优秀的机构必须是在教学环境，大学校园这样环境。凯程有自己的学习校区，有吃住学一体化教学环境，独立卫浴、空调、暖气齐全，这也是一个考研机构实力的体现。此外，最好还要看一下他们的营业执照。
2016考研英语一：小作文考前终极预测 2016年考研将于本周六正式拉开序幕，各位考生要抓住最后的几天时间复习，尤其是考研英语作文。小编为大家整理了2015年考研英语一小作文考前终极预测，希望大家仔细阅读，适当参考！ 书信作文预测：投诉信、咨询信、请求信、祝贺信、申请信、感谢信 投诉信 Direction: You just bought an English dictionary from a famous e-commerce site only to find it not as good as you expected. Write an email to the customer service center to 1) complain the poor quality of the dictionary, and 2) give reasons for your complaints. Dear Mr. Wang, As a regular customer, I am writing this letter to complain about the quality of dictionary bought from the https://www.doczj.com/doc/7616471256.html,. I ordered an Oxford Dictionary of Contemporary English a week ago. Apart from the delayed delivery, many pages in the dictionary are missing and some of the pages are reversed, which are totally unacceptable to me. I would like to get a refund or at least change it for a new one. And trust that you will now consider this matter seriously and make an effort to prevent the recurrence of this kind. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 询问信 Write a letter inquiring about a travel agency about the trip to Mount Huangshan. Some necessary details must be included. Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead. Dear Sir or Madam, I would like to travel to Mount Huangshan this summer. I would be most grateful if you could send me information regarding the following information concerned in your agency because my friend John spoke highly of your service. My family will come with me. Therefore, I would like to know the details about this trip, such as the accommodation, the plans and the money we will cost. By the way, how do you deliver these materials to me? What’s the deadline before we make the final decision? How do I pay for you? Thank you for your attention. I am looking forward to your immediate response.
高中英语同位语从句讲解及练习 同位语从句讲义及练习 一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上 为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。 例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。 二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句 1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略） 例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。 析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。 2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"是否"的含义，应用whe】ther 引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句） 例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加"是否"的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。 3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。 例1：I have no idea when he will be back.
2015年考研英语小作文万能模版（超实用） 2015年考研英语小作文万能模版（超实用） 作文模板对于应试写作的功效可以说是屡试不爽。它可以有效地帮助考生节省在考场上用于列提纲和构思框架的时间，而可以集中精力在文字的润色加工上，从而大大提高文章的质量，更容易赢得考官的第一印象。因此，在考试之前准备各种文体和各种类型的写作模板至关重要。 “经典信件背诵”和“经典短文背诵”两部分中的文章均可以套用作写作模板，考生只需灵活地修改其中具体内容而加之以考题要求的内容既可。在这一部分中，我们为考生们提供了额外和多样的模板，以尽可能地扩大模板的适用范围，为考生们在考试中夺取高分增加胜算。 辞职信 模板1： Dear , I am writing to inform you about the decision to resign from mycurrent position. There are a few factors involved. First and foremost, _____ .Secondly,______ . Last but not last, _______ . I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude forthe rewarding experience that I have enjoyed during my employment. I sincerely wish you could approve of my resignation, and Iapologize in advance for any inconvenience thus caused. Sincerelyyours, Li Ming 模板2 Dear , I am sure it will come as no surprise that I wish to resign myposition as ______ . Though I have enjoyedworking with you and other colleagues in the company / organization, there area few reasons that force me to give up my current work. For one thing, ______ . Foranother,______ . Moreover / Besides / Inaddition, ______ . I appreciate the plenty of help and encouragement from youconstantly, and I am very sorry for any inconvenience thus caused. I promisethat I will stay through the next month to help you find a replacement for myposition.
同位语 1.名词短语充当同位语 1. Leonard Schlesinger, a Harvard academic and former chief executive of Au Bon Pain, a rapidly growing chain of bakery cafes, says that much “re-engineering，has been crude. ’(1998-2-5) 哈佛学者、一家迅速发展的面包咖啡连锁店的前总执行官.莱昂纳多史莱辛格说.许多“重组”是不成熟的。 2. As funding for science has declined, scientists have attacked "antiscience" in several books, notably Higher Superstition，by Paul R. Gross,a biologist at the University of Virginia, and Norman Levitt, a mathematician at Rutgers University; and The Demon-Haunted World, by Carl Sagan of Cornell University. (1998-3-2) 由于科学经费减少，科学家在好几本著作中对“反科学”进行了攻击。值得注意的是，弗吉尼亚大学的生物学家保罗R 格洛斯和罗特杰斯大学的数学家诺曼列维合著的《高级迷信》；康奈尔大学的卡多萨根所著的《魔鬼出没的世界》。 3. Intellect, according to Hosfstadter, is different from native intelligence, a quality we reluctantly admire. (2004-4-6) 在霍夫斯旦德看来,才智和天分是不同的，天分是我们不大情愿羡慕的品质。 4. I also know that people in Japan and Sweden, countries that spend far less on medical care, have achieved longer, healthier lives than we have. (2003-4-5) 我也深知在医疗开销少得多的日本和瑞典，他们的人均寿命比我们长，而且更健康， 5. Rather, we have a certain conception of the American citizen, a character who is incomplete if he cannot competently assess how his livelihood and happiness are affected by things outside of himself. (1999-3-2) 相反，我们对美国公民有某种理念，如果他不能充分判断他的生活和幸福如何受到其外界的影响，他就是一个不完善的人。 2. that 引导的从句充当同位语 1. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s，neurologists had
2000-2016真题（带主题词） 英语一 主题词形式n./ v-ing/ 名词短语 2000 Direction: A. Study the following two pictures carefully and write an essay in at least 150 words. B. Your essay must be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET2. C. Your essay should meet the requirements below: 1. Describe the pictures. 2. Deduce the purpose of the painter of the pictures. 3. Suggest counter measures. 主题词： 过度捕捞overfishing, excessive fishing the decrease of ocean resources
关键词： 商业捕鱼commercial fishing 渔船fishing boat 减少reduce v. →reduction decrease v./ n. increase v./ n.增加 drop v./n. rise v./n.上升 diminish v. 灭绝die out, (become) extinct adj.→extinction n. 自然资源natural resources 环境破坏the damage/ destruction of the environment 打破生态平衡break the balance of nature, break the ecological balance 句子：过度捕捞是有害的。 Overfishing is harmful. Overfishing is of great harm. detrimental adj. detriment n. 2001 Direction: Among all the worthy feelings of mankind, love is probably the noblest, but everyone had his/her own understanding of it. There has been a discussion recently on the issue in a newspaper. Write an essay to the newspaper to 1) show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the picture below, 2) give a specific example, and 3) give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.
同位语从句 一定义及分类 一．连接词分类及用法
四．虚拟语气 【习题精炼】 1．The headmaster made a suggestion that the sports meet until next Sunday．A．Will be put off B．will put off C．put off D．be put off 2．is a fact that English people and American people share a lot of customs．A．There B．This C．That D．that 3．It worried her a bit her hair was turning grey． A．while B．that C．if D．for 4．leaves the room last ought to turn off the 1ights． A．Anyone B．The person C．Whoever D．Who 5．they are most interested in is they can produce more and better cars．A．That；how B．What；how C．What；that D．That；that 6．I have will be yours sooner or later． A．No matter what B．No matter how C．Whatever D．However 7．Word came I was wanted at the office． A．which B．why C．that D．whether 8．we can’t get seems better th an we have． A．What；what B．What：that C．That；that D．That：what 9．—has made our city Dalian she is today? —It is the Party’s policy that has made it take on a new look． A．What；that B．That；what C．there；so D．That；that 10．It was at the very beginning Mr White made the decision we should send more firefighters there． A．that：that B．when；which C．there；what D．where；what 11. The fact ________ he didn’t see Lao Li yesterday is true. A．which B．that C．when D．what 12. I have no idea ________ he will come back. A．where B．when C．what D．That 13. The dictionary is to a student________ the tool is to a worker. A．which B．that C．what D．whatever Keys：1-5DDBCD 6-10 CCACA 11-13 BBC
2016考研英语二真题：小作文解析 Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend Jack wrote an email to congratulate you, and ask advice on translation. Write him a reply to 1)thank him; 2)give your advice. You should write neatly on the ANWSER SHEET. Do not sign you own name at the end of the letter, use “Li Ming ” instead. Do not write the address .(10 point) 如大家所见，这是2016年英语二小作文题目。英语（二）考纲的写作部分，其实主 要考查学生的应用能力，考查范围包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、报告等，还应能写一般 描述性、叙述性和说明或议论性的文章；而要求考生根据所给情景写出一篇约100词（标 点符号不计算在内）的应用性短文。 作为写作B部分的小作文总分10分，大家要抓住得分点。小作文在评分时有如下评分 要点：1.信息点——覆盖全面；2.内容——组织连贯；3.语言——准确性；4.格式——符 合要求；5.语域——恰当。 不出所料，今年英语二的小作文再次考查了书信体，并且考查的信件可以说是杂糅型的。这在2011年英语二中出现了同样的考查方式： Suppose your cousin LI MING has just been admited to a university write him/her a letter to： （1）Congratulate him/her，and （2）give him/her suggestions on how to get prepared for university life You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. DO not sign your own name at the end of the letter，Use zhangwei. 同样的考查方式，足以说明一件事情——绝对要重视考研真题。跨考教育英语教研室 的老师总在强调真题的重要性，希望大家以后一定要强化这种认识。 下面我们来详细解读下今年的小作文，首先看一下题目要求： 称呼： Dear Jack注意称呼中，后面的逗号不可丢，也不能写成冒号。 正文 建议大家三步走策略——简洁、直接、明了：写作目的、写作是由、重申目的第一段：写作内容需涵盖两点：写信目的，表明感谢来自朋友的祝贺；可以采用这样 的表达方式：I’m writing to express my gratitude for your congratulation on my success in the translation contest. 第二段：写作内容应以建议为主体。在这个过程中可以把日常我们如何提高的方式写 进正文，如讲究学习方式、注重坚持、多多接触外文文化及语境。那本篇老师主要从前两 个方面进行论述，表达如下：As regard to my experience, I would like to offer you some proposals in this part. At the top of list is the persistence due to the fact that you could deserve the position after days or years of efforts that you have had in the field. What’s more, you are supposed to pay more attention to the way in which you finish your major, for it plays a significant role in the process. 第三段：再次强调重申写信目的，如Thanks again and I do hope that my suggestions can be in favor of your future study. 落款： Yours sincerely, 特别提醒sincerely后面逗号不能丢；签名： Li Ming特别注 意 Ming 后面一定不能出现句点。
在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）中的主要从句之一，也是中学英语学习中的重点语法知识点之一。在使用同位语从句时，应注意以下五个方面： 一、同位语从句在句中的位置 1. 一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news, idea, fact, promise, hope, message等）的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。 例如： The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 我们女排赢得冠军的消息大大地鼓舞了我们所有人。 I've come from Mr Wang with a message that he won't be able to see you this afternoon. 我从王先生那边得知一个消息，他说他今天下午不能来看你了。 2. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。 例如： The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home. 她突然想起可能在她离开家时没把门关上。 The story goes that he failed in the College Entrance Examinations again. 据说他高考又落榜了。 二、同位语从句前名词的数
2016考研英语一大作文模板：正反面话题 考研英语一大作文为图画作文，要求学生能够根据图片所反映的问题进行构思行文。从图片所反映的主题类型来看，一般分为正面话题和负面话题。本文就来谈一下如何备考2016考研英语一的有关正面话题的大作文。 根据作文要求，作文中考生需要描图、阐释图片内涵、作出评论。下面我们就从这三个方面来看看该如何写文章。第一段是开头段，我们需要描图，提出文章要论述的问题。具体来说，第一句宏观描述图画。第二句写该图片反应的主题，可以用二十个单词的爆发力句型谈该现象对个人的发展和社会进步的积极作用。第三句说这种现象所反映的问题值得人们深思。第一段主要涉及到这些方面的内容，同学们可以根据图片的主题酌情添加或是删减句子。下面的模板仅供大家参考。 【正面话题】 (1)As is vividly depicted in the picture,(描述图画).(2) The most striking feature is(图画重点信息).(3)There is no doubt that its symbolic meaning subtly conveyed should be given deep consideration. 第二自然段重点论述主题，第一句可以用一个有爆发力的主题句阐释主题的重要性。第二句谈这个现象的永恒的社会意义,可以用一个排比句说明只要有这个现象就可以让我们不断征服挑战和竞争,并最后走向成功。第三句可以是具体的例子,谈根据一项调查表明,这个积极的现象对人有利。第四句可以从反面谈如果没有这个积极现象,人们生活就忧闷,有挫折感,无前进动力,前途渺茫。第五句作总结，谈只有这个现象才能让我们成为社会的成功者。 (1)As is symbolically depicted/shown in the set of drawings, the fact that(重复上面的图画信息) profoundly indicates that 主题 is momentous (重要的) and fundamental to any one who undertakes great deeds. (2)Undoubtedly, it is 主题 that keeps us continually doing something valuable and admirable in spite of difficulties, that makes us still full of energy to face the coming challenges and competition and that offers us the foundation for success. (3) According to a survey made by China Daily, 与主题相关的好的后果.(4)If 不这样的话, we will live a dull and depressing life or even feel loss of hope about the future. (5)Only by 主题 can you put your capacities into full play and can you be the winner in the society。 第三段为结束段落，总结全文内容并提出建议。首句可以说无论做大事还是小事,无论做难事还是容易事,都要这个积极现象。第二个句子谈建议让它变的更好。第三个句子谈让
同位语从句用法小结 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。在使用同位语从句时，应注意以下五个方面： 一、常见带有同位语从句的抽象名词 advice，announcement，argument，belief，claim（声明、主张），conclusion，decision，evidence，explanation，fact，feeling，hope，idea，impression，information，knowledge，message，news，opinion，order，probability，promise，proposal，remark，reply，report，saying，statement（声明、陈述），suggestion，thought，warning，wish，word 二、同位语从句连接词的选用 在英语中，引导同位语从句的词通常有连词（that，whether），连接代词(what ,who等)连接副词（how，when，where）。 The question who should do the work requires consideration. I have no idea what he is doing now.。 There was little hope that he would survive. 他幸存的希望很小。 He hasn't made the decision whether he will go there. It's a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做了此事的问题 注：在名词doubt“怀疑”后的同位语从句用whether连接；在no doubt“不怀疑”之后的同位语从句用that连接。例如： There is no doubt that Tom will keep his promise. 三、同位语从句在句中的位置 1. 一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词（如news，idea，fact，promise，hope，message等）的后面，用以说明该名词所表达的具体内容。例如： The news that our women volleyball team had won the championship encouraged us all greatly. 2. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。例如： The thought came to her that maybe she had left the door open when she left home.
2016考研英语作文亮点句型汇总（精华版） 1. superior to others高人一等 2. The large scale development of West China is of profound significance西部大开发具有深远意义 3. revitalize our nation实现我们民族的伟大复兴 4. lag behind（发展）滞后 5. the opening-up policies 开放政策 6. lure more foreign capital吸引更多的外资 7. leave… far behind 把…远远地甩到后边 8. In addition, the west’s unique unfavorable geographic positions greatly limit its development 另外，西部极为不利的地理位置限制了其自身的发展。 9. subsistence problem温饱问题 10. If left unchanged, the underdevelopment in the west will greatly affect overall prosperity and even social stability.这种状况若不改变的话，西部的落后将极大地影响共同富裕的目标甚至社会稳定。 11. However, the western region development is a long-term systematic project.然而，西部开发是一个长期的系统工程。 12.It calls for tremendous efforts of several generations.它需要几代人的共同努力。 13.economic prosperity 经济繁荣14. social progress社会进步 15.political stability政治稳定16. beautiful landscape风光秀丽 17.a deep-rooted concept一个根深蒂固的观念18. materialistic society物质社会 19.be concerned about关心20. the sense of achievement成就感 21.in terms of从……的角度22. a sound attitude一种正确的态度 23. strive for为…… 而努力24. bookworm书呆子 25. the pursuit of our ideals对我们理想的追求26. material well-being物质财富 27. utilize the natural resources利用自然资源28.meet the future needs满足将来的需要29. Competition exists everywhere and it is one of the motive forces of the development of society竞争是社会生活中的一个司空见惯的现象 30. However, we often find competition exists together with cooperation.然而，我们经常发现竞争与合作共存的情况。 31. While we are advocating competition, we can’t forget cooperation.我们在倡导竞争是不可忽略合作。 32. Pure and exclusive competition leads to failures.纯粹排他的竞争会导致一事无成。 33. Only competition together with cooperation helps us a great deal in obtaining our goals and satisfying our needs.只有既竞争又合作，我们才能实现目标，才能满足自身需要。 34. The current education system现行教育体制35.（be）aimed at致力于 36. the practical application of what they have learned他们所学知识的实际运用 37. challenge examination-oriented education挑战应试教育 38. advocate quality-oriented education倡导素质教育 39. focus on the students’ ability as a whole重视培养学生的整体能力 40. play a key role 起到关键作用 41. contribute to solving the problem of 有助于……问题的解决 42. bring up a new generation培养一代新人43. on a large scale大规模的 44. compulsory education义务教育45. a top priority最优先（事项） 46. water loss and soil erosion水土流失 47. Evidently, the deterioration of the quality of the environment threatens the existence of mankind很明显，环境质量恶化会危及人类的生存。
2016考研英语（一）图画作文终极预测 Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should 1) describe the drawing briefly, 2) interpret its intended meaning, and 3) give your comments. From the picture above, we can see thateach building is tremblingwith people’s coughing and seriously polluted air permeates around the buildings. With the deepening of urbanization,more factories are built and more cars are needed. Consequently, coal-burning is increasing and vehicle exhaust is surging up, which makes the air dirtier and dirtier, bringing severe damage to people’s health. In the interests of human beings and the environment, we must take some measures to curb the trend of air worsening. Firstly, we should take mass transit instead of driving a car. According to a recent study, vehicle exhaust is a main source of air pollution, so if vehicle exhaust reduces, the air will become cleaner.Secondly, more environment-friendly energy which does no harm to the air should be researched and applied in production and life. Last but not the least, more trees should be planted to absorb the tiny dust in the air, which surely will make the air cleaner. In short, it is every person’s responsiblity and duty to make the air cleaner. If everybody makes his effort for the environment, bluer sky and cleaner air can be expected soon and we can have the APEC blue everyday. 一、考研英语考什么 在备考之前，先要了解一下考研英语都考哪些题型，因为有同学之前问听力怎么复习、口语如何提高之类，了解只清楚之后才不至于南辕北辙走冤枉路。考研英语考五大题型：阅读、写作、翻译、新题型、完形填空。阅读是占的分值比例最大的模块，2/5的比例，每个小题2分，每篇文章设有5个题目，共有4篇文章；写作中大作文英语一是图画作文，一般围绕社会现象，20分，英语二是图表作文，15分，小作文均为10分；翻译英语一是从一篇文章里划出5句话让翻译，10分，英语二是段落翻译，15分；新题型英语一为七选五、小标题、排序题，英语二为多项对应（连线题）、小标题、正误判断，都为10分；完形填空每个0.5分，20个小题。 二、阶段备考安排 考研过程一般分为基础、强化、冲刺。在寒假阶段，建议大家着手准备单词，基础不错的可以自己准备，基础不好的，可以报个词汇班，比如刘一男的课程，比较生动有趣，结合
高考英语最可能考的同位语从句 英语中有两类从句所修饰的名词可以叫“先行词”，一类是定语从句，一类是同位语从句。同学们知道，定语从句所修饰的先行词数量很多，单是指人和指物的名词就有千千万万个，但英语中的同位语从句则不同，它所修饰的先行词非常有限，中学英语中最常用的可能只有几十个，并且高考可能重点的考查只有十几个： 1. chance 可能性 chance后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某事发生的可能性。如： I think that there is every chance that you will succeed. Do you think there’s any chance that you could get a job in Paris 2. doubt 怀疑 doubt后接that引导的同位语从句，表示对某事的怀疑。如： There is no doubt that the world is getting warmer. There’s no doubt that one day a cure will be found. 3. fact 事实 fact后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个事实的具体内容。如： The fact that something is cheap doesn’t necessarily mean it’s of low quality. The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen. In spite of the fact that hotel prices have risen sharply, the number of tourists is as great as ever. 4. evidence证据 evidence后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个证据的具体内容。如： Do you have evidence that this treatment works Is there any scientific evidence that a person's character is reflected in their handwriting 5. hope希望 hope后接that引导的同位语从句，表示希望的具体内容。如： Is there any hope that they will be home in time The President has expressed the hope that relations will improve. 6. idea 想法 idea后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个想法的具体内容。如： It’s based on the idea that all people are created equal. Where did you get the idea that she doesn’t like you