北京理工大学考研英语复试题

北京理工大学2023年博士英语考试真题Beijing Institute of Technology2023 PhD English ExamInstructions:1. This exam consists of four parts: reading comprehension, listening comprehension, writing, and speaking. The total time allowed for the exam is three hours.2. Please read each question carefully and answer to the best of your ability.Part 1: Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow:The benefits of studying abroad are numerous. An international experience can broaden your horizons, improve your language skills, and enhance your cultural awareness. It also provides valuable networking opportunities and can boost your career prospects. Whether you choose to study in Europe, Asia, or North America, the experience will undoubtedly have a positive impact on your personal and professional development.1. What are some of the benefits of studying abroad?2. Why is studying abroad beneficial for one's career?3. How can studying abroad enhance cultural awareness?Part 2: Listening ComprehensionListen to the audio clips and answer the questions based on what you hear.1. What is the speaker talking about?2. What are the main points of the conversation?3. What are some possible solutions to the problem discussed?Part 3: WritingWrite an essay on the following topic: "The impact of technology on education." Discuss how technology has transformed the way we learn and whether it has had a positive or negative impact on students' academic performance.Part 4: SpeakingYou will be given a topic to discuss with the examiner. You will have two minutes to prepare your response and two minutes to present your thoughts on the topic.Good luck with your exam, and remember to stay calm and focused throughout the test. Success awaits those who prepare diligently and approach the exam with confidence. Best of luck!。

研究生复试常见问题（中英文版）1介绍你的大学introduce your university学校名字+学校特色+王牌专业我在XXXXX。

XXX办学历史可追溯于XXX年，建校XX周年，是国家“双一流”建设高校。

以修德博学求实创新为校训，作物学、植物学与动物学研究位于全国前列。

校园坐落在素有“花城”美誉的广州市，土地总面积8261亩。

自然景色与人文景观交相辉映，形成了“五湖四海一片林”的优美环境。

我十分感激这间美丽的学校，给我机会使我得到成长。

I study in XXX. The history of XXX can be traced back to XX, the XXth anniversary of the founding of XXX. With the motto of Xude's erudition, truth-seeking and innovation, the research of crop science, botany and zoology is at the forefront of the country. The campus is located in Guangzhou, known as the "flower city", with a total land area of 8,261 mu. The natural scenery and cultural landscape reflect each other, forming a beautiful environment of "a forest all over the world". I am very grateful to this beautiful school for giving me the opportunity to grow up. Above is my answer, thank you teacher2介绍你的学院Introduce your collegeXXX成立于2005年5月，建院XX年。

北京理工大学考博英语模拟试卷11(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Structure and V ocabulary 2. Cloze 3. Reading Comprehension 4. English-Chinese Translation 5. WritingStructure and V ocabulary1．Two of the children have to sleep in one bed, but the other three have______ones.A．similarB．singularC．differentD．separate正确答案：D解析：separate表示“分开的，个别的”，符合句意要求，如：They have gone to separate places．(他们去了各不相同的地方。

)因此答案为D。

知识模块：词汇2．The newspaper did not mention the______of the damage caused by the fire.A．rangeB．levelC．extentD．quantity正确答案：C解析：C项表示“程度，合适”，符合句意。

A项表示“范围”；B项表示“水平”；D项表示“数量”。

知识模块：词汇3．She ______ his invitation to dinner as she was on a diet.A．inclinedB．declinedC．deniedD．disinclined正确答案：B解析：inclined倾向；declined拒绝；denied否认；disinclined使讨厌，使不感兴趣。

4．The novel, which is a work of art, exists not by its ______ life, but by its immeasurable difference from life.A．significance inB．imagination atC．resemblance toD．predominance over正确答案：C5．Our modern civilization must not be thought of as____overnight.A．being createdB．having createdC．to be createdD．to have been created正确答案：A解析：think of…as“以为，认为是”，as后面可跟名词、动名词短语或形容词(即省略了being)。

2019年北理英语笔译考研复试时间复试内容复试流程复试资料及经验随着考研大军不断壮大，每年毕业的研究生也越来越多，竞争也越来越大。

对于准备复试的同学来说，其实还有很多小问题并不了解，例如复试考什么？复试怎么考？复试考察的是什么？复试什么时间？复试如何准备等等。

今天启道小编给大家整理了复试相关内容，让大家了解复试，减少一点对于复试的未知感以及恐惧感。

准备复试的小伙伴们一定要认真阅读，对你的复试很有帮助啊！院系简介北京理工大学1940年诞生于延安，是中国共产党创办的第一所理工科大学，是新中国成立以来国家历批次重点建设的高校，首批进入国家“211工程”和“985工程”，首批进入“世界一流大学”建设高校A类行列。

毛泽东同志亲自题写校名，李富春、徐特立、李强等老一辈无产阶级革命家先后担任学校主要领导。

学校现隶属于工业和信息化部，全体师生员工正对标国家“两个一百年”奋斗目标，全力朝着中国特色世界一流大学的建设目标迈进。

1949年，学校迁入北京；1952年，学校更名为北京工业学院，成为新中国第一所国防工业院校；1988年，学校更名为北京理工大学。

学校现设有18个专业学院以及徐特立学院、前沿交叉科学研究院、先进结构技术研究院、医工融合研究院等教学科研单位，工程、材料科学、化学、物理、数学、计算机科学、社会科学先后进入ESI国际学科排名前1%，其中工程学科进入前1‰。

北京理工大学外国语学院可追溯到1952年北京工业学院成立的俄文教研组。

1960年成立外语教研室，1984年成立外语系，2006年成立外国语学院。

学院下设英语系、日语系、德语系、西班牙语系、大学英语教研室、研究生英语教研室、博士生英语教研室和外语培训中心（该中心出具的德语培训成绩得到德国政府和高校认可）。

学院承担着全校本科生和研究生公共外语的教学任务，培养外语专业本科生和硕士生，开展外语教学与研究工作。

外国语学院成立后，大力加强专业建设和学科建设。

外语专业建设的宏观目标是依托学校理、工、管各学科的优势资源，遵循外语专业人才培养规律，结合21世纪社会对外语人才素质的要求，坚持“以学生为本”，尊重学生个性，将专业教育、素质培养和个性化发展融为一体，培养具有人文精神和科学精神、德才兼备、中西相融的高素质外语人才。

北京理工大学翻译硕士考研真题--百科知识解析1.7地理自然1.7.1考研真题及详解1.7.2典型题及详解1.8科技1.8.1考研真题及详解1.()就是将人工分离和修饰过的基因导人到生物体基因组中，由于导人基因的表达，引起生物体的性状的可遗传的修饰，这一技术又称之为“遗传工程”、“基因工程”等等。

(西南大学2010翻译硕士）A.克隆技术B.生物杂交C_人工繁殖D.人工转基因【解析】转基因技术运用科学手段从某种生物中提取所需要的基因，将其转人另一种生物中，使其与另一种生物的基因进行重组，从而产生特定的具有变异遗传性状的物质。

利用转基因技术可以改变动植物性状、培育新品种。

也可以利用其它生物体培育出期望的生物制品，用于医药、食品等方面。

2.地球村的出现打破了传统的时空观念,使人们与外界乃至整个世界的联系更为紧密，人类变得相互间更加了解了。

地球村现象的产生改变了人们的新闻观念和宣传观念，迫使新闻传播媒介更多地关注受传者的兴趣和需要，更加注重时效性和内容上的客观性。

地球村促进了世界经济一体化进程。

（北外2010翻译硕士）答：地球村是对地球的一种比喻说法。

现代科技的迅速发展，缩小了地球上的时空距离，国际交往日益频繁便利，因而整个地球就如同是茫茫宇宙中的一个小村落。

3.李政道获得的诺贝尔奖属于哪个科学领域？（厦门大学2010翻译硕士）【答案】物理【解析】李政道，美籍华人，1957年，他与杨振宁一起，因发现弱作用中宇称不守恒而获得诺贝尔物理学奖。

他们的这项发现，由吴健雄的实验证实。

李政道和杨振宁是最早获诺贝尔奖的华人。

1.8.2典型题及详解1.“千年虫”问题是指（)A.计算机系统的时间变换问题B.2000年黑客同时人侵C.计算机的一种病毒D.1000年发作一次的病毒【解析】“千年虫”问題实质上是计算机时间变换的问题。

千年虫是指在某些使用了计算机程序的智能系统中，由于其中的年份只使用两位十进制数来表示，因此当系统进行或涉及跨世纪的日期处理运算时，就会出现错误的结果，进而引发各种各样的系统功能紊乱甚至崩溃。

2019年北京理工大学自动化学院考研复试笔试面试题目回忆笔试部分：英语听力（20*0.5=10分）：1-9题：一小段话一个问题，共9段小对话，9个问题；10-20题：和六级类似，几段长对话，每段对话3-4道题目；自动控制原理：1.RLC建模求传递函数，只有R和C，一对RC串联，另一对RC并联（10分）2.根轨迹，三小问，证明根轨迹是圆，画根轨迹，当闭环极点全为虚数时求k 的范围（15分）3.全是字母参数的奈圭斯特，画图及稳定判据（15分）4.描述函数法，已知N（A）和G（s）,求震荡频率w，幅度A，判断稳定性（15分）5.根据矩阵A求e（t），判断是否可控，求反馈矩阵f。

（15分）微机原理：填空（20分）1.CPU与外设之间三种数据传输方式_____,______，______；2.IO接口两种编址方式______，______；3.十进制数-100的8位二进制补码______，16位二进制补码______；4.CPU与内存之间传输速度很快但容量较小的存储器______；5.汇编语言中不生成代码的指令是______；6.堆栈的两个用途______，______;7.有32根地址线的存储器寻址空间是______GB;8.E的ASCII码______;9.描述数据传输的参数______；10.描述异步通信速度的参数______，异步通信两种检测方式______，______；11.全双工通信至少要______根线；12.I/O接口的两种功能______，______；简答题1.74LS138与8255A连接，给出了138译码器真值表，求8255A四个端口地址（4分）2.量程0-80度的温度传感器，精度小于0.3度，至少要几位的AD转换器？（3分）3.画温度传感器的设计图框图（3分）英语面试：1.please introduce yourself；2.why do you choose our major？3.抽一个小纸条，上面一段英语，100词左右，大声读一遍，再翻译成中文。

2012北京理工大学考研英语综合真题回忆版
今年日语出了好多课外的单词。所以不要只看课文中单词。要认真做做三级真题，有重的。对于基础英语写的是巴西女总 统的经历，作文就是女性社会地位。综合英语中没有认知没有文学语言学部分。考了语音，语素，词汇，主要语言学家人 名的基本概念。大题是词汇的词根词缀的分析，树形图，同化作用，成分分析。论述是索绪尔为什么是现代语言学之父。 概况简答有美国民权运动，圣诞节三大活动，英国和中国媒体从功能上比较，英国外交政策制定，英国三大经济部门。论 述是关于ZF和经济：铁路和火车。文学选段有自传，呼萧山庄，永别了武器。简答是苔丝分析，十九世纪你最喜欢的英国 和美国作家及原因，你喜欢布郎宁还是丁尼生。赏析是关于一个女孩在海边思索一个画家来画画把她也画了进去。她的 思维变化过程，最后她看到了阳光
2013年北京理工大学考研英语综合真题回忆版 一语言学 1.填空:10个 (2)正误判断:10个，比如索绪尔是现代语言学之父，语音学的三个分类，重音等。 (3)<1>分析下列词的roots,derivational affixes,and inflectional affixes. 2.词汇有那些词缀组成:uninterruptibility,polysystemic,perlocutionary,neutralization, 3.(a)draw a tree diagram The teacher is quite fond of his students. 4.the difference between allophone and allomorph,and give example 5.tell sth about conversational implicature (四)论述which branch of linguistics do you like most ?why?

1 HolidaysA：Good morning, B.B：Morning, A. Have you got a train ticket?A：Yes. I will go home on January 2. How about you?B：Oh, four days earlier than you. I can’t wait to go home. Do you like the Spring Festival?A： of course, I like it very much. It’s a precious time for all family members to get together. And my mother will prepare so many delicious food for the new year's eve. Besides，the fireworks on this night are really wonderful. Are there any traditions in your hometown?B：Yes. According to the tradition, we will play new year visits to out eldership and eat different kinds of dumplings at different time.A：Really? Different kinds of dumplings?B：Yeah. During supper time, we eat meat dumplings, while at 0:00, we eat dumplings without meat. I don’t know why.A：Sounds interesting. The Valentine’s Day is just two weeks after the Spring Festival this year, will you celebrate it?B：Maybe not. Though the Western Holidays are becoming more and more popular in China. What’s your opinion?A：To be frank, I prefer Chinese traditional holidays. I love the beautiful legends behind them. As for the western holidays, I think that the commercial benefits are the greatest motivation.B：I agree with you. Businessmen are trying their best to make a fortune from those Western Holidays. But some western holidays are really meaningful, such as Thanks giving day, giving us an opportunity to express our gratitude to the person who have helped us.A: yes, you are right. As we all know, Every coin has two sides2 TravelA：Good morning, B.B：Morning, A. Have you got a train ticket?A:yeah, I will go home on January 24. How about you?B: four days earlier than you. I can’t wait to go home!A:What’s your plan of this vacation?B:Yeah, As I like travel, I will go to YunnanA: wow, that’s wonderful! I have heard that there are many amazing sceneries you can never find in other places, it’s beauty is out of words. But it is really far away from your home, How will you go there?B:by train. It will be safe and cheaper.A:I agree with you. To by air is faster, but too more expensive. Who will you go with?B: I`ll go with my sister. We have been longing for this travel for a long time.A: sounds great! I wish I could have a chance to go to yunnan too. B: I also hope to travel with you, next time, let`s go together. I`ll send you postcard!A: Thank you very much! By the way, I have received your postcard from mountain huang, it’s beautiful!B: yeah! If you go there by yourself, you’ll find it more beautiful than the scenery in the postcard.A: I believe it must be. Now I think I should find a part time job to save money for my next relaxing holiday. Maybe I’ll go to mountain huang. B: Oh, great! If you really go there, I can give you some useful tips. A: that’s great! I’ll contact you later. Thanks a lot!B: that’s all right! Keep in touch!A: Sure! Have a good time in Yunnan!3 EducationA: Hi, nice to see you here! How are you?B: I’m fine. And you?A: Just as usual! What are you engaged in recently?B: you know my cousin will take the national college entrance examination this year, I need to help him looking for some materials about college education. He also has the opportunity to go to college abroad. But our whole family don’t know anything about colleges abroad. Do you have any idea?A:Yeah, As I know, choosing colleges in the United States is quite different from that in China .First, he need to decide whether he would choose a public college or a private one.B: Is there any difference?A: yes,of course there is. Private colleges usually have good conditions in every aspect, but the tuition is very high. So many students would apply for a public one which offered scholarship.B: Oh, it’s very interesting. Besides, I think that some Chinese colleges are excellent too.A:I agree with you, especially the 985-colleges, they have excellent atmosphere of study and varieties of teaching facilities.B:you are right. I’ll tell my brother and let him make a choice.A:hope the information will help you. And wish him good luck.B: of course it will be. Thanks a lot.A: that’s all right.4 BankRobin: Hey, Lisa, look. I got a credit card, it is very convenient to buy things. You should have one yourself.Lisa: Oh, no. I had credit cards. In views of many people, they like credit cards beacause they can “buy now, pay later”. It seems that they don’t need pay any money to get the things they want. So do you. Robin: Er, it seems that I spend more money on shopping than before with a credit card. But what finally happened with your credit cards? Your tone sounds not good.Lisa: Yes, it is. I spent too much and couldn’t make even the minimum payment. So I got another credit card to pay the bill on the first one, and then another one after that. Time after time, I was in majoy credit card debt.Robin: Oh my god. I never thought this phenomenon seriously. But the bank staff told me this credit card can get the reward points. The points can be redeemed for a free flight. I was attracted by this. Lisa: free flight is wonderful, But you should not forget that the benefit comes from a price one has paid. You must cost a lot of money so that you can get the enough points.Robin: Don't worry. If my mother or father want to buy something, I’ll borrow my credit card to them. They’ll give the money back to me and at the same time, I get the points.Lisa: But I really doubt that whether you can earn the enough points to redeem the flight ticket in such a limited time. It’s less than one month before the winter vacation now.Robin: It’OK. My family will make a big pay for the spring festival. Lisa: Really? Then wish you good luck.5EnvironmentA: Hi, Dennis. How are you?B: Fine, thanks .What about you？A: I'm fine too. But, the air quality these days is so bad. It almost drives me crazy.B: Yes, these years, the air pollution is very serious, but all of these are from our problem- industrial overdevelopment.A: As we all know, Human beings have both the abilities of create and destroy the word.B: Except this, the environment has been damaged by global warming, the damaged ozone and all the different kinds of pollution.A: So, recently, environment issues have been part of global issues. Do we have any ways to solve these problems?B: We can only hope that all of the countries in the world get together and agree on a plan for action, but I doubt it’ll happen before it’s too late.A: Yes, that’s really a problem. Actually, there have been lots of new technologies on environment protection. But the application of these technologies has a high cost, so popularizing them has many resistances from countries, corporations and individuals.B: Most of us look at the issue in the short term. It’s just like the destruction of the rainforests. People just want the wood. They don’t think about the long-term damage to the forests.A: En, fortunately, more and more people have realized all these problems and have taken measures to improve the earth's environment.B: But in our country, it is not enough.A: Agree with you. It seems that we still have a long way to go.6Phone callA：Good morning, B.B：Morning, A. Have you got a train ticket?A：Yes. I will go home on January 24. How about you?B: four days earlier than you..Oh, your cellphone looks very beautiful. Can I have a look?A:Sure.it's the Sanxing Galaxy Note 2.B: Er, I like its screen. It's a lot easier to read messages than mine.A:Yes, and what attracts me most is its powerful functions, such as 3G, a 3.2 megapixel camera, video recording, music player, FM radio with RDS and so on. B:Oh my god! It seems that there’s nothing impossible with the little mobile phone. A:Yeah, can’t agree more,You never know what is waiting for you.It’s the magic of science and technology.B: Oh,the handwriting recognition is fantastic! That's really useful for me, because I type very slow.A:Your cellphone is a little beat up. You know, you may have one of it.B:It must be very expensive,how much is it?A:Now it may be 3000 yuan.B: Oh,ok,Where did you buy it?A: I don't know. My uncle gave it to me as my birthday present.B: Oh, I want to buy a cellphone, but I don't know where to buy.A: Why not go to Suning or Gomme?B: The cellephones there are too expensive. I want to buy a cheaperbut good one.A: I heard that there are many wonderful cellphones on jingdong. Maybeyou can buy one online.B: Sounds good! Thank you.A: You are welcome.7JobA: Hello Dennis! How are you?B: fine, thanks, and you?A: I’m fine, too. I have a question. what kind of job do you want after graduation, the one well-paid or the one you love?B: I hope I can find a well-paid job which also attracts me.A: Who not? But maybe it just happens in your dreams.B: So it is. Well, frankly speaking, I think a well-paid job will be my first choice. I need enough money to do the things I like.A: As for me, salary would not be the priority. I’d rather choose a job I enjoy doing.B: I think I’ll stick my choice. In fact, most people don’t take job for fun. Work is nothing but means to survive.A: I can’t agree with you. I consider work as an important part of our life. So I think it’s advisable to take a job you like, which makes you full of motivation to do it well.B: For me, high salary is just the best motivation to do my job efficiently. “Work hard and play hard” is my motto.A：But for me, I think it’s a waste of precious lifetime if a person takes a job he doesn’t like, and there’s less possibility to get a career success.B: To me, as long as the job offers me a high salary I will foster my interest in it and I will do my best to make the job success.A: I got it. You mean that we must consider about our life cost first, and second our interest. That’s the reality everyone faces.B: Yeah. So, although the chance of finding a job that both pays well and attracts us is slight, let’s believe in miracles and have a try.A: Wish you a good luck.B: Thank you, the same to you.8CultureA: Good morning!B: Good morning!A: I saw you were just reading China daily. Is there anything interesting? B: Yes, maybe the news that China set up its first Laozi research institute will arouse your interestA: Oh, yes, I heard about it too. It shows that we begin to pay attention to the Chinese traditional culture.B: Traditional culture is our precious heritage, it is what we should be proud of, but nowadays more and more people become unfamiliar with it. A: That’s because lately years, our country focus on the economic construction and overemphasize the importance of science and technology. Youth admire the modern western civilization, and ignore our own culture.I really think we should add the traditional culture courses in our education system.B: Well, that is really a problem worth discussing. Do you know that there is a modern sishu in Suzhou and in it teachers wear a long traditional Chinese robe, and the students have to bow to an image of Confucius hanging on the wall.A: That sounds interesting. But, is it just a teaching form or something? What the children learn there and does this method work?B: Oh，it is not just a form. In the modern sishu students will read a lot of morality stories and ancient poetry, it will help them to learn the essence of our ancient culture which makes a person to be polite, upright and so on.A: Great! That is just what most of us can’t learn in the school teaching nowadays.B:Yes, everyone must understand which kind of culture should be inherit, and which not. That’s really not an easy work.A:I agree with you, it’s a long way to go for us.9 HealthA: Good morning, Dennis.B: Good morning, Nero.A: You look not very good today, what happened?B: Oh, thanks to the severe weather and endless work, I catch a cold. A: Poor people, you should have taken good care of yourself. You know, body is the base of fighting.B: I know, so I decide give myself several days off to relax.A: Good decision.work will never finish, so you needn’t to worry much about it. What’s more, you can’t have a high efficiency when you catch a cold. B: I agree with you, I’ll tell to the boss about it and ask a sick leave. A: Anyway, do you have any medicine? You look really bad.B: Medicine? That is not my first choice. I haven’t took medicine for five years.A: Five years? Is it true? Is this your first time to be sick in the past five years?B: Of cause not, you must be kidding.A: Sick-medicine, is it an unwritten rule?B: But there is also an old saying that medicine is also a poison.A: But it’s very dangerous if you don’t take medicine when get sick, even be life-threatening.B: Oh, you are too serious, it just a cold and I don’t have a fever. I know my situation.A: But you must do something, or it will become worse.B: When I have a little sick, I will take more rest, drink more water and eat some delicious fruits and vegetable.A: Sounds reasonable. But what if it doesn’t work, what will you do?B: I will go to see the doctor. But it always works for such little illness.欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考！致力为企业和个人提供合同协议，策划案计划书，学习资料等等打造全网一站式需求。

1.Where do you come from?2.What kind of landscape surrounds your hometown?3.What do you do during the Spring Festival?4.Tell me something about the customs of your hometown.5.Could you tell me something about your family?6.What social responsibilities should a post-graduate take?7.Which kind of professor do you like best?8.What does friendship mean to you and what kind of people do you make friend with?9.What is your major? How do you like your major?10. When and where did you graduate?What qualifications have you obtained?11.What impressed you most when you were at university?12.What is the best university in your opinion?13.Do you think the subjects you are studying today are relevant to present-day society?Why?14.What do you do for a living?15.What are your job prospects?16.If you had the opportunity to change your subject,what would you do with it?17.What are your spare time interests?18.Where have you been traveling to?Which place interested you most?19.What kind of differences in the system of higher education between China and other countries?20.Do you think you will be able to cope with English-demands of yourintended study program?21.What difficulties do you think you'll encounter in your studies?22.Why did you choose our university?23.If there were an opportunity of studying abroad, what would you do?24.Should you study more theory or do more practice?Give your reasons, please.25.What do you intend to do after you finish studying?26.How serious is unemployment among young people and what will you do if you cannot find a job after graduation?27.In your opinion,what are the most serious problems associated with modern life?28.What do you think have been the most important changes in your study field over the past5years?29.How do you afford your tuition?30.Does your family support your decision on studying?What help do they offer?本文转载于:北理考研论坛,/。

HolidayA:Hello,YR.How is everything going?B:Fine.And you?A:Fine too. The Spring Festival is coming soon. Hh?B:Oh,year.That’s my favorite festival. When I was a child, I could get toys, different kinds of snack food and gift money.A:All most the same to you. Usually, long before the spring festival, people have begun to clean the house, prepare food and do spring festival shopping. This process lasts almost a month. When you are happiest time during the spring festival?B:In my opinion, the happiest time is eve of lunar New Year. At that night, people have a dinner together, staying-up to wait the near year’s coming, until the next morning.A:It sounds great. I hope that you’ll enjoy youself in the coming spring featival.B:The same to you!TravelA:Hello,YR.How is everything going?B:Fine.And you?A:Fine too. The International Labor day is coming. We can enjoy ourselves in three days. B: Yes, what’s your plan for traveling?A: I plan to visit Switzerland this year, because I hear it will be very cold there.B: you know it will be very cold, so that's why you want to go? that's strange. I won't go to a place just because it's cold.A: No, what I meant is that I want to go to Switzerland to ski. If it is colder, that means more snow, and more fun when skiing, right?B: Oh, then I guess I understand what you mean. It sounds fun. Do you mind if I join you?A: Of course not, we've travelled together many times already, haven't we? for now, only you and me are going. Do you want to invite somebody else?B: Oh, yes. How about Peter? I hear he is interested in going skiing too, but is not sure where he wants to go.A: It would be nice to have Peter join us.B: Have you looked up any information relating to Switzerland?A: yes, it's all stored in my laptop computer. I found a package tour that seems quite good, and it's cheap too!B: i'm very happy to hear that. please let me take a look at it soon.A: of course.TransportA:Hello,YR.How is everything going?B:Fine.And you?A:Fine too. How do you think the transport system in Beijing could be improved?B: I think that the public transport system could be made simpler. I never know where the bus routes actually go.A; I think we just need to build more roads. Then there would be more space for cars to drive and we’d have fewer traffic jams.B: if we built more roads, people would just fill them with cars again. I think we should discourage people from using their cars.A: how would you do that?B:I think we should do a few things at once. Improving public transport would encourage people to use that. If we also charge people to use their cars in the city centre, they won’t use their cars as much.A: The air would certainly be cleaner if there were fewer cars being used in Beijing. The problem is that people will see it as reducing their freedom. It would be unpopular.B; that’s a good point. Car owners will probably be against it, but people who use public transport will be in favor of it.EnvironmentA:Hello,YR.How is everything going?B:Fine,and you?A:Fine too.When did you come back?B:I came back yesterday.A:You left our hometown three years! Did you find our hometown have big changes?B：Oh, yes. When I came back, I found our hometown became more beautiful. I still remember before I left here, it was gray ,the air was not clear, and the street was so dirty that I didn’t like walking on the street.A：Yes. In recently years, our hometown’s government has closed the factories, which pollute the environment with dirty water and air.B：I think the government’s measure is very good!Everyone knows the environment is important to us.If everyone pays more attention to our environment, there will be less pollution and our lives will be better.A：Yes, I agree with you.All of us hope live in a place,which have blue sky and fresh air, green hills and clear water. This afternoon,we will go to plant trees and flowers. Would you like to go with us?B：Oh,of course!It’s my pleasure.A：Ok,let’s go!EducationA:Hello,SJ.How is everything going?B:Fine. And you?A:Fine too. Do you have any experience in choosing colleges?B: sorry, I don't know. Choosing colleges in the States is quite different from in China.A: What factors are usually taken into consideration when choosing colleges in the States? B: First, I need to decide whether I’d choose a public college or a private one.A: Is there any difference?B: Yes. Private colleges usually have good conditions in every aspect, but the tuition is very high. So I applied for a public one which offered me scholarship. Actually I’d like to choose one near my home so that I could go back home each weekend for a change.A: Oh, it’s very interesting. Your suggestion is very useful to me. Thanks a lot.B: You're welcome.JobA:Hello,YR.How is everything going?B:Fine. Could you tell me some experience about preparing for a job?A: Of course. I can tell you some tricks that you should make preparation in order to win a job interview.B: I will apply for a job. Especially I really want.A: I think so. it’s important to prepare yourself for the interview. Remember,it might be your dream job, but it won’t be the end of the world .B: First, I need to build my self-confidence. except from mental preparation , what else should I do?A: No matter what position you are applying for, your physical appearance at the interview will be a big factor in the final determination.B: It’s a good idea to wear a suit , isn’t it?A: Right. it doesn’t have to be a designer suit , but something plain and conservative. Don’t dress too informally.B: I learn much from you today. Thank you very much.A: You’re welcome. I believe you can win your job interview.EntertainmentA:Hello,YR.How is everything going?B:Fine.and you?A: Fine too,Did you hear the news about Britney Spears?B: No, what's she done now?A: She was caught on camera taking drugs!B: What?! Are you serious? Have you seen the video?A: Serious! But no, I haven't seen the video, it hasn't been released.B: I see. I doubt it's true, probably just some hype off the internet right?A: Well, it's all over the net right now.B: You can't trust the internet so much.people make up stuff just to get people on their sites, if no one has seen the video, how do you know it exists?A: We'll see. it's only a matter of time before the footage is released. When I get it, I'll let you know.B: Don't hold your breath! Even if 'the video' is released, it'll probably be just another trick. A: OK, I got your point. Let's just wait and see.CulturesA:Hello,YR.How is everything going?B:Fine. And you?A:Fine too. Where are you going now?B: Oh. I'm going to attend a meeting about Chinese culture.A: It's so important.B: Right. Through the meeting, we want to make Chinese culture absorb the west culture. A: I see. The 2008 Olympics Games to make traditional culture absorb the advantage of the west culture.B: Yes. it is.A: I see. But I think Chinese culture has many advantages.B: Of course. When Chinese culture absorbs the west culture, we keep and follow it.A: Good. The west and east cultures should merge into a more perfect system with the development of the Olympics.B: I hope so.Making a Telephone CallClerk：Good morning. Wilson Association。

1Holiday+ 2.travelFay: Hi Jerry. The school year is almost over. Do you have any plans for the summer holiday? Jerry: I'm planning on sleeping all day, every day!Fay: Oh, come on Jerry, you must be kidding.Jerry: Yeah, I'm just pulling your leg. Actually, I'm intend to go to Guizhou Province.Fay: Really? Why would you go there? It's not a very popular place.Jerry: Exactly! It's not very popular, so it won't be too crowded. I enjoyed my trip to the Great Wall, but there were so many people.Fay: I'm sure Guizhou won't be so crowded. But may be it‟s too hot in the summer?Jerry: No, according to one of my students, it's very cool in the summer. He said it is "natural air conditioner".Fay: Well, that sounds good. is there anything worth seeing in Guizhou?Jerry: Sure! For one thing, there's the beautiful natural scenery. I'm sure you've heard of the Huang Guo Shu Waterfalls. There's also the Malinghe valley which is said to be surprisingly beautiful.Fay: Yes, I have heard of Huang Guo Shu Pubu, There are mountains everywhere in Guizhou, even in the capital city Guiyang.But if you just climb mountains and hills, you‟ll get bored.Jerry: Come on Fay, there's lots of things to do. I can go hiking in Qian Ling Park in Guiyang, and I know you've heard of Zunyi, a very historical city. It's where Mao Ze Dong became the leader of the Red Army.Fay: when you describe it like that, it sounds really interesting! I'm sure you'll have fun, but let me give you some advice. Be sure to hold on to your wallet AND your heart!3.bank exchange moneyA: Good afternoon, madam May I help you?B:I'd like to change some money. US dollars to RMB What's the exchange rate today?A: According to today's exchange rate, 1 US dollar in cash is equivalent to 6 RMB yuan. B:just 6? could you please tell me why sometimes I can change more and sometimes less ?A: ok ,you know that we call the rates for foreign currencies floating exchange rates.They often change with the international money market.That's why sometimes you have more and sometimes less . And there is also a difference between buying rate and selling rate,But all banks throughout China have the same rate when dealing with exchange transactions,though the rate has to be adjusted from time to time.B:I see. Thanks a lot for your explanation. That means the exchange rates are ups and downs every day,as chinese economic develops well,the exchange rate may fall down in the future. so,I don‟t need to exchange too much. I want to change 1,000$.Here you are.A: Very well. This is exchange memo. Please fill in this application form，fill in your name, passport number，your nationality and sign your name, SIR.and the amount you intend to change. B: All right. Here you are, is that all right?A: Let me see, oh, would you mind telling me your passport number, SIR?B: Of course not. Let me see. It's E 56789.A: Thank you, SIR. Quite well. Here is the money,6000 RMB yuan in all.Please check it and keep the exchange memo.B:All right.4 Environment the change of beijing‟s environmentA: for environment, I find that something changed in beijing.Especially the sky,it looks very blue these days. I still remember before I left here 3 yeas ago,beijing‟s environment was not very well.The sky looked gray ,the air was not clear,even I didn‟t want to walking on the street.B:Yes. recent years,beijing‟s government pay more attention to the environment.They close d the factory which pollute the environment,limit on driving cars, And plant a lot of trees and flowers along the street.A：I think the government‟s measures are very efficiency! We have only one earth, so we should do our best to protect it. Everyone knows the environment is important to us. So,what‟s your suggestion?B：in my opinion,we can plant more trees to keep water and earth from running away, ride a bike or walk instead of driving cars, use paper bags or shopping baskets and so on.We can also help clean up the public places.These action help us to keep our city more clear.A：The environment really need our effort. In a word, if everyone pays more attention to our environment, there will be less pollution and our lives will be better.B：Yes, I agree with you.All of us hope live in a place,which have blue sky and fresh air, green hills and clear water.So we must work hard!This afternoon,we will go to plant trees and flowers.Would you like to go with us?A：Oh, of course! It‟s my pleasure.5．Education how to learn englishA:I have a question. Have you ever thought what is learning language for?B:I think that learn language is for the exchange of ideas, communication.A: now,I want to know,how to learn the language well? Such as English?B:The way to learn English is to practice speaking it as often as possible. and the more you apply it in real situations, the more natural it will become.A:I have a good idea,keep an English journal.Try to write a few sentences about your day and then recite them as many times as possible before you go to sleep.B:yeah,good idea,This w ill teach you to “think” in English. My onpion is that you must hear English, read English, touch English,Feel English with your heart.A:that is Keep English constantly in your mind by listening, speaking and reading every day,I would also like to learn more about the culture behind the language.B:yeah, When you understand the cultural background, you can better use the language. reading about things that you like will naturally make learning more enjoyable and efficient.A:Good.Everything is easier if you enjoy to do it.B:yes.I think so.A:In all,learning English takes a lot of effort, but never give up.6.jobs Having a Hard Time Finding a JobA: Hi B! How are you doing these days?B: Oh, A. I'm kind of blue, actually. I'm looking for work. I can't seem to find a job.A: I'm sorry to hear that,I heard you are working for the Hua Wei Company,You must be treated well in such a big company.Why did you leave?B: No,no,no.That's just the surface you have seen.Actually I have to handle lots of things all bymyself.I have to check the product and do the delivery myself.Also,I have to answer many strange questions asked by the customers,but it is difficult to promote in the company.A: Well,I unstand you.In our company,we should also try hard to satisfy our boss,which means we have to do extra work everyday,And we often work overtime on weekends without extra paying.We have little time staying with our family.B: Exactly! So, anyway, I decided to quit and find a new job. I sent out my resume to more than twenty companies. Unfortunately, I've only had two interviews so far.A: Have you tried looking online for a job? They're groups of people who are also looking for work. They help each other discover new opportunities.B: That sounds great. I'll definitely try some.7.culture culture shockA : HiB ,I‟ve heard that you are going to studying abroad ,it‟s a new experience ,it can bring you opportunity to discover fascinating things and a feeling of freedom.B : Oh !yeah ,in spite of this advantages, there are also some challenges I will encounter. Culture shock will be the first one.A: yeah, I have watched several movies about western lifestyles and cultures, and really find a lot of difference. In China, when we meet a friends in the street, we may greet them by saying “Have you eaten yet?”But if you greet a foreigner with these words. They will believe that you want to invite him to a dinner.B:Really? Too interesting. So , it’s easy to lead to misunderstanding because of different cultures.I …ve heard that if you greet someone in western countries by saying “What are you going to do?” “Where have you been?” they think you have offend their privacy.A: yeah，foreigners usually greet each other “Good morning/evening/afternoon. “Fine day, isn‟t it? ” But don‟t you feel it is too formal or unnecessary?B：Yes, but that‟s only our thinking. So many details need to notice. We have talked so much, but it only covers several small aspects in life. I even feel the way of life in America is completely different from mine.A:Now that you will go there. Have you consider how to adjust yourself to adapt their cultures? B: I n fact, I have considered the problem for long time.I will keep positive to overcome these.8.Entertainment entertainment in spare timeA:let‟s talk something about entertainment, what did you do in your leisure time?B:I like watch TV, listen music and so on. With TV, you have fast news coverage, and images too. some TV program are very interesting, like Happy camp and Running man in Hunan TV.what about you?A：sounds good, as for me,I like read newspaper instead, because there are a lot of opinions and comments.at the same time,I want to be a little queit,watching TV is too noise for me.B:that‟s a good choice.what about music,what kind of music you like most,classical or pop music? A:classical music is my favorite, it can make me calm down when I am a little upset,and l' ve heard that listening to Mozart can make you more intelligent.B: ReaIly? l've never heard that before. I Iike pop music, pop music makes me very exciting,listen Classical music is a bit too heavy for me. I can't get fully relaxed in it.A: Do you have a favorite singer?B:Maybe zhoujielun.I have listened his songs for seven years. Although I can‟t hear from him clearly. I have to say it‟s a kind of enjoyment listen to his songs. And he also have a special esteem about his movie. But he got married now.A: that‟s a pity,a-ha! I don‟t like any pop star,but I like some musician,such as Langlang,Liyundi,they are so great.B: yes ,I agree,when I was 8 in primary school. I started to learn piano,it‟s really difficult,so tobe a musician is not so simple.9.phone call advantage and disadvantage of smart phoneA: What are you unboxing?B: This is my new smart phone. It has every feature under the sun!A: Every feature ?you are crazy about it.B: It has a high quality camera and video camera, and it‟s a videophone. It has a great GPS program, too. The touch-screen and the keyboard are easy to use . Even a child can use it.A: Yeah, so, we can use phones to surf the Internet, update our personal micro blog, and upload our latest photos at any place, anytime. It seems that we can‟t leave without smart phone. It is become an indispensable part in our daily life.B: Well, there are always something new on the phone. It is can be interesting, mysterious and various. So people are eager to spend much time on their phones, want to know what is happening around them.A: But, we can see some people are addicted to smart phones, which already have affected their normal life. especially teenagers.B: Yeah, Lacking of good self-control, they are fragile to the smart phone addiction. But we should do other things ,life is not phone, we have family, friends, and other things worth to do. B:Right,so,let‟s take a walk now.10 health health habitA: nowdays,people pay more and more attation on healthy,they watch health TV channel,read health papers.but,in my personal opinion, It‟s important to have a balance diet. Do you eat meat and vegetables every day?B: I don‟t like meat very much, but I eat vegetables almost every day. Potato,tomoto,cabbage, mushroom and so on. I think fruit is heathy for our body, I like apple and peers.besides,I like green tea, It‟s good for health!A: sounds good. For drinking, boys always drink a lot of beer with friends,that‟s bad for our health. B: yes, another way keep health is to do some exercise. Iam strongly recommend that you can do some outdoors activities,such as running ,swimming, How often do you exercise now?A: I never go to a gym. It‟s too expensive.i keep running, 2-3 times a week, about 2-3kelometers,also,I like to do plank,it doesn‟t need to much space,you can do it everywhere you like,and it‟s easy to do, you don‟t need other‟s help.B:I like running and plank both.i try to do them once,but I don‟t have the willpower to stick to this habit.A: I am your supervisor if you want.B:it could not be better.。

北京理工大学博士研究生入学考试英语试题附答案和详解北京理工大学20XX年博士研究生入学考试英语试题Part ⅠReading Comprehension (40 points)Directions：In this part there are four passages for you to read. After each passage there are five questions, below each of whom there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer and mark the corresponding letter with a pencil on the MA CHINE-SCORING ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Passage OneI was introduced to the concept of literacy animator in Oladumi Arigbede's (1994) article on high illiteracy rates among women and school dropout rates among girls. According to Arigbede, literacy animators view their role as assisting in the self-liberating development of people in the world who are struggling for a more meaningful life. Animators are a family of deeply concerned and committed people whose gut-level rejection of mass human pauperization compels them to intervene on the side of the marginalized. Their motivation is not derived from a love of literacy as merely another technical life skill, and they accept that literacy is never culturally or ideologically neutral.Arigbede writes from her experiences as an animator working with women and men in Nigeria. She believes that literacy animators have to make a clear choice about whose culture and whose ideology will be fostered among those with whom they work. Do literacy educators in the United States consider whether the instruction they pursue conflicts with their students' traditional cultures or community, or fosters illiteraciesin learners' first or home languages or dialects and in their orality?Some approaches to literacy instruction represent an ideology of individualism, control, and competition. Consider, for example, the difference in values conveyed and re presented when students engage in choral reading versus the practice of having one student read out loud to the group. To identify as a literacy animator is to choose the ideology of “sharing, solida rity, love, equity, co-operation with and respect of both nature and other human beings.” Liter acy pedagogy that matches the animator ideology works on maintaining the languages and cultures of millions of minority children who at present are being forced to accept the language and culture of the dominant group. It might lead to assessment that examines the performance outcomes of acommunity of literacy learners and the social significance of their uses of literacy, as opposed to measuring what an individual can do as a reader and writer on a standardized test. Shor (1993) describes literacy animators as problem-posing, community-based, dialogic educators. Do our teacher-education text books on reading and language arts promote the idea that teachers should explore problems from a community-based dialogic perspective?1．A literacy animator is one who ______.A．struggles for a more meaningful lifeB．frees people from poverty and illiteracyC．is committed to marginalize the illiterateD．is concerned with what is behind illiteracy2．The author suggests that literacy educators in the US in a way ______.A．promote students' home languagesB．force students to accept their cultureC．teach nothing but reading and writingD．consider literacy as of non-neutral nature3．Arigbede worked with Nigerians probably to ______.A．teach American customs and ideologyB．make a choice of culture to be fosteredC．reject the values of the dominant classD．help maintain Nigerian language and culture4．According to the author, “choral reading” may represent ______.A．individualism B．collectivismC．competition D．immersion5．Animator ideology emphasizes more on ______.A．the social function of literacyB．students' performance in testsC．the dominant group’s languageD．the attainment of life skillsPassage TwoAccording to one survey of 12,000 people, about 30 percent of those making New Year'sresolutions say they don't even keep them into February. And only about 1 in 5actually stays on track for six months or more, reports ediets．com, a consumer diet and fitness Web site.But don't let those odds make you reach for the nearest bag of potato chips. Experts say you can keep those resolutions long term, even if you're struggling now.“The motivation comes from within, and so when you find that you're declining in your healthy eating program, and then just ask yourself, ‘Is this going to get me the results that I want?',” says Leslie Stewart, a registered dietitian and licensed nutritionist．“And if you're doing something every day to eat heal thy, then that's going to pay off in the long run.”Stewart advises to use what she calls the 90-10 eating rule.“If you're eating healthy 90 percent of the time, then 10 percent of the time, you can cut yourself some slack and eat pleasurably.”She says s he believes that “healthy eating is evolution instead of resolution.”The same principle can be applied to a lagging exercise resolution, too.Staying motivated is key to long-term success, and reviewing original goals can help strengthen a weakening workout program.Adding variety to a fitness regime also can prevent you from hanging up those exercise shoes. After a few weeks of well-intentioned workouts, boredom may be creeping you're your routine.Setting goals too high is another common mistake. “If you're not running a marathon at the end of the month, don't worry,” say Mayo Clinic experts. A too intense workout—and the resulting pain and stiffness—is discouraging and may force most to abandon a pro gram. Starting slowly is key.But if your goals already have fallen by the wayside，Uria says to start up again immediately.“A little setback is OK; get back on the horse and ride...drive toward that goal,” he says.6．According to the author, only about 20% people keeping their resolutions does not necessarily mean that ______.A．the figure is rather depressing and unexpected as wellB．those who have made their resolution should give up their effortC．whoever keep their resolutions should start eating potato chipsD．long-term resolutions are not important for those facing troubles7．What is the idea behind the 90-10 eating rule according to the passage?A．You should keep eating healthy 90% of the time.B．You should feel free to eat 10％of the time.C．You should learn to eat healthy gradually.D．Sudden change will be more efficient and effective.8．Which of the following you should avoid to keep yourself interested in exercise?A．Hanging up your exercise shoes if you feel tired.B．Keeping boredom away from your daily activity.C．Making a schedule with too high goals in it.D．Running a marathon at the beginning of the month.9．How many suggestions at least have been introduced concerning the exercise resolution?A．Four. B．Five. C．Six. D．Seven.10．What is critically important in making long-term resolutions successful?A．You should be struggling with yourself all the time.B．You should constantly evaluate the results you want.C．You should try to keep yourself motivated.D．You should try your best to diversify your fitness practice.Passage ThreeOur present generation of cultural critics, arriving after the assault of postmodernism and the increasingly widespread commercialization of culture, has been cast adrift, with out any firm basis for judgments. Publications and institutions to supportserious criticism, in this view, either no longer exist or are few in number.Critics today, it is also claimed, are too cozy behind the ivied walls of academe, con tent to employ a prose style that is decipherable only to a handful of the cognoscenti. The deadly dive of university critics into the shallow depths of popular culture, moreover, reveals the unwillingness of these critics to uphold standards. Even if the reasons offered are contradictory, these Jeremiahs huddle around their sad conclusion that serious cultural criticism has fallen into a morass of petty bickering and bloated reputations.Such narratives of declension, a staple of American intellectual life since the time of thePuritans, are misplaced, self-serving, and historically inaccurate and difficult to prove. Has the level of criticism declined in the last 50 years? Of course the logic of such an opinion depends on the figures that are being contrasted with one another. Any number of cultural critics thriving today could be invoked to demonstrate that cultural criticism is alive and well.But many new and thriving venues for criticism and debate exist today, and they are not limited solely to the discussion of literary works. Actually, they became so encrusted with their own certitude and political judgments that they became largely irrelevant. Today the complaint is that literary culture lacks civility. We live in an age of commercialism and spectacle. Writers seek the limelight, and one way to bask in it is to publish reviews that scorch the landscape, with Dale Peck as the fatuous, but not a typical, case in point. Heidi Julavits, in an essay in The Believer, lamented the downfall of serious fiction and reviewing. She sur veyed a literary culture that had embraced “snark”, her termfor hostile, self-serving reviews.The snark review, according to Julavits, eschews a serious engagement with literature in favor of a sound-bite approach, an attempt to turn the review into a form of entertainment akin to film reviews or restaurant critiques. A critic found cultural criticism to be in “critical condition.” For him, the postmodern turn to, theory, in its questioning of objectivity, cut the critical, independent ground out from under reviewers. The rise of chain bookstores and blockbuster best sellers demeaned literary culture, making it prey to the commercial values of the market and entertainment.The criticism does not seem discontinuous. Nor should we forget that civility rarely reigned in the circles of New York intellectuals. The art critic Clement Greenberg physically pummeled the theater critic Lionel Abel after Abel rejected the view that Jean Wahl, the French philosopher, was anti-Semitic. Though Robert Peck has the reputation of a literary hatchet man, so far as I know his blows thus far have all been confined to the printed page.Cultural criticism has certainly changed over the years. The old days of the critic who wielded unchallenged authority have happily passed. Ours is a more pluralistic age, one not beholden to a narrow literary culture. The democratization of criticism—as in the Amazon system of readers' evaluating books—is a messy affair, as democracy must be. But the solution to the problems of criticism in the present is best not discovered in the musty basements of nostalgia and sentiment for the cultural criticism of a half-century gone. Rather the solution is to recognize, asJohn Dewey did almost a century ago, that the problems of democracy demand more democracy, less nostalgia for a goldenage that never was, and a spirit of openness to what is new and invigorating in our culture.11．What is the possible connection between cultural critics and publications and institutions?A．Cultural critics attack postmodernism and commercialization cherished by publications and institutions.B．Postmodernism and commercialization are attacked by the serious publications and institutions.C．Cultural criticism is short of judgments and will not exist without the support of publications and institutions.D．Publications and institutions show almost no interest in serious cultural criticism.12．How do the university critics like the serious cultural criticism?A．Cultural criticism is not serious enough when the articles are written in the cozy prose style.B．Popular culture is so prevailing that serious critics are not willing to keep to the shallow standards.C．Serious cultural criticism is full of insignificant quarrels and the public do not real ly trust it.D．Cultural critics have become so serious as to tell the stories imbued with American intellectual Puritanism.13．What is the author's opinion of the current complaint about the literary expansion into the other fields?A．When literary critics discuss issues with political judgments, their views are likely to be meaningless.B．It is reasonable for writers to seek limelight since we are living in the age of com mercialism.C．Critics should be encouraged to write and publish poignant articles which would scorch the landscape.D．It is the critics' responsibility to lament the downfall of serious fiction and reviewing.14．What does “the snark review” refer to according to Heidi Julavits?A．Cultural reviews which are unfriendly and selfish.B．Literary reviews avoiding serious criticism.C．Entertainment reviews in the film industry.D．Postmodern reviews independent of objectivity.15．In order to find a way out the current dilemma for the cultural criticism, the author suggests that ______.A．we should return to the old days when the critics passed their judgments without challengesB．pluralism should be held back, reinforcing the unchallenged authority in the literary criticismC．democratic criticism should not be adopted because it is rather messy as proved in the Amazon systemD．we should encourage more democracy, dismiss nostalgia and cultivate an open attitudePassage FourIn July, almost unnoticed by the national press, a deadly bird virus arrived on a pheasant farm in Surrey. Experts from the Department for the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) identified Newcastle disease, a virus usually mortal to turkeys and geese but not humans, in a flock of 9,000 pheasant chicks imported from France ahead of the shooting season.Within hours of the diagnosis, veterinary experts had swung into action, throwing up a 3 km exclusion zone around the farm near Cobham and culling 10,000 birds. The carcasses were burned and premises cleaned to stop the virus escaping. It was four weeks before Defra's Veterinary Exotic Diseases Division feltit was safe for poultry movements in the area to resume．This weekend, with the news that H5N1, a far more deadly bird virus, has reached Turkey, similar emergency plans are being readied by officials from Defra and other agencies. The scenario they are preparing for is that the H5N1 virus, which so far has led to the culling of billions of chickens in south-east Asia and 60 human deaths, will soon arrive on these shores.What happens next depends on where the outbreak occurs, whether it can be contained and—most important of all—whether it mutates to become infectious between people. So far, only poultry workers or those directly exposed to chicken faeces or blood are thought to be at risk, though direct human-to-human transmission cannot be ruled out. “Eve ry time a new person getsinfected with the virus there is a small chance that person will trigger a pandemic,” said Neil Ferguson, a scientist at Imperial College, who has been running simulations on what might happen were H5N1 to reach Britain. “It's a v ery small chance, probably 1 in a 1,000, 1 in 10,000 or less. ”Should diseased birds reach Britain, the first step for veterinary officials would be to contain the outbreak as they did with Newcastle disease. An amber alert would be sounded and samples sent to the Veterinary Laboratory Agency (VLA) in Weybridge, Surrey. If Ian Brown, the head of avian virology there, confirms the cause of death as H5N1, the alert level will be raised to red and a whole series of emergency procedures, from quarantine, restriction of poultry movements to culling, will swing into action. Other agencies, such as the Department of Health, the Health Protection Agency and the Ministry of De fence, would be brought into the loop. In the event that theoutbreak cannot be contained, Defra may have to consider mass culling programmes and the possibility of vaccination.At this point, with the risk of the virus spreading to human populations, the Department of Health would appoint a UK national influenza pandemic committee to coordinate the response of hospital trusts and local authorities. The Civil Contingency Secretariat (CCS) of the Cabinet will also be alerted and Cobra, the emergency committee which coordinates Whitehall's response to terrorism, readied for a possible breakdown in civil order.The Department of Health's pandemic preparedness plan published in March envisages as many as 54,000 Britons dying in the first few months of a flu pandemic. But in June, CCS officials warned that that could be an underestimate. The more likely figure, they said, was 700,000—projection the Department of Health is expected to take on board when it updates its pandemic preparedness plan later this month.In the most serious case, officials estimate there would be as many deaths in the 12weeks of an epidemic as there usually are in a year. At the peak of the pandemic, 19,000people would requite hospital beds, prompting councils to requisition schools to accommodate the sick.To treat the dying, the government would begin drawing down its stockpiles of Tamiflu (药名), an anti-viral drug that treats flu. But with only 14 courses, enough for a quarter of the population, likely to be available, sooner or later rationing would have to be imposed, with health professionals and essential civil servants the first in line. The government would also come under pressure to release stores of its precious flu vaccine. At present there are contingency plans for justtwo to three million doses. But there is no guarantee that vaccines which protect against annual human flu strains will also work against H5N1．The consequences hardly bear thinking about. Earlier this year, in a dress rehearsal in the East Midlands codenamed, Operation Arctic Circle, officials quickly concluded that mass mortuaries would be needed to bury the dead. But no one knows whether, in the event of a pandemic, any of these measures will prove effective. John Avizienius, senior scientific officer at the RSPCA and a member of Defra's avian influenza stakeholder group,said: “All you can do is plan for the worst case scenario.”The fear is that wild geese moving from western China to Siberia may have spread the virus to several species of ducks and gulls that briefly visit British shores on their annual migration north. These ducks, many of which may not show signs of illness, may be passing on the virus to poultry on British farms.In the hope that they are not, Defra and the Wildfowl and Wetland announced last week that they would be conducting tests on 11,000 wild birds—three times the normal level. “The risk of avian influenza spreading from eastern Russia to the UK via migrating birds is still low,” said Defra's chief vet, Debby Reynolds. “Howe ver, we have said all along that we must remain on the look out.”16．What does the “scenario” in Paragrap h 2 mean to Turkey?A．Turkey will be exposed to the nationwide aggression of the deadly virus as the most severely attacked country on these shores.B．Turkey must kill billions of chicken and other kinds of poultry.C．Turkey has to be responsible for the arrival of H5N1 on these shores.D．All the veterinary experts in Turkey will soon swing into action.17．What is, according to Neil Ferguson, the possible risk of bird flu if one gets infected?A．Anyone's infection will trigger pandemic though it is probably one in ten thousand.B．Each time a person gets infected with the virus will cause an enormous pandemic bird flu.C．The person infected with the virus will do great harm to people around him. D．It is impossible that the virus infection of a certain persons will cause a national bird virus spreading.18．The change of alert colors from amber to red implies that__.A．all poultry workers must leave their working places as soon as possibleB．the officials in the Department of Health must call for much more of international assistanceC．the most serious situation of bird flu has appearedD．the change of the color functions greatly as the weather reports do19．What are the steps taken by the Department of Health of UK with the risk of the virus spreading to human population?A．The Department of Health required Civil Contingency Secretariat to publish documents for the pandemic preparedness.B．The Department of Health required the UK national committee to co-work with hospital trusts and local authorities.C．The Department of Health required Civil Contingency Secretariat to make a pandemic plan as soon as possible.D．The Department of Health requires every hospital to store Tamiflu, the precious flu vaccine.20．British government's fear of the wild geese from western China to Siberia is due to ______.A．the domestic ducks and gulls infected by the imported geese to BritainB．the poultry on British farms has been infected by the immigrated wild geeseC．the migration of the wild geese every winterD．British shores infected by the geese virusPart ⅡTranslation (40 points)Section A Directions: Translate the following short paragraphs into Chinese. (20 points) 21．Everyone has something they are ashamed of, afraid of or that they feel guilty about.Each of us, in our own way, has devised a neat little method of handling our dark side. We may know how to hide it. Few of us know how to heal it. When we refuse to admit what we have done in the past, we block our path to the future. No matter how terrible we think we are, how bad we believe we have been, how low we think we have fallen, we can clean our minds and begin again.22．We expend so much energy trying to fix who we are, we rarely get to know our selves. If we。

北理工mba英语复试内容The English retest for the MBA program at BeijingInstitute of Technology is a comprehensive examination designed to assess the language proficiency of prospective students. It is an essential part of the admission process, ensuring that candidates possess the necessary English skills to succeed in an academically rigorous and globally oriented program.The retest typically consists of several components, each tailored to evaluate different aspects of a student's English language abilities. Here is an overview of what candidates can expect:1. Listening Comprehension: This section tests theability to understand spoken English in various contexts, such as lectures, discussions, and interviews. Candidates may be required to listen to a recording and answer questions based on the content.2. Reading Comprehension: Candidates are presented with passages from academic journals, business reports, or case studies. They must demonstrate their ability to comprehend and analyze the information presented in these texts.3. Writing Skills: This component assesses thecandidate's ability to express ideas clearly and coherentlyin written English. Tasks may include writing an essay,summarizing a text, or responding to a prompt that requires critical thinking and argumentation.4. Speaking Proficiency: An oral interview or a group discussion may be part of the retest. This assesses fluency, pronunciation, and the ability to communicate effectively in English.5. Vocabulary and Grammar: A section that tests the candidate's knowledge of English vocabulary and grammar rules, ensuring that they can use language accurately and appropriately in an academic setting.6. Business 英文版:7. Timed Sections: To simulate the pressure of real-world business situations, some parts of the retest may be timed, requiring candidates to manage their time effectively.8. Feedback and Improvement: Following the retest, candidates often receive feedback on their performance, which can help them identify areas for improvement before theybegin their MBA studies.It is important for candidates to prepare thoroughly for the English retest, as it is a critical component of the selection process for the MBA program at Beijing Institute of Technology. Adequate preparation will not only increase the chances of passing the retest but also set a strongfoundation for academic success in the MBA program.。

北京理工大学英语翻译硕士考研by育明教育马老师历年分数线：①101思想政治理论②211翻译硕士英语③357英语翻译基础④448汉语写作与百科知识复试、笔试科目:中译汉，汉译中。

面试内容:口试：包括就所给题目发表自己的观点和看法；听译：英译汉、汉译英。

马老师分析：北理工翻译硕士难度中等，翻译方面考察较为简单，适合理工科考生跨专业报考。

18年有9人进入复试，全部被录取，此外，北理工教授水平还是非常高的，毕业生总体就业形势较好。

在考研复试的时候，老师更看重跨专业学生的能力，而不是本科背景。

其次，翻译硕士考试科目里，百科，翻译及基础本身知识点难度并不大，跨专业的学生完全能够学得懂。

即使本科学翻译的同学，专业课也不见得比你强多少（大学学的内容本身就非常浅）。

育明考研每年都有大量二本三本学生考取的，所以记住重要的不是你之前学得如何，而是从决定考研起就要抓紧时间完成自己的计划，下定决心，就全身心投入，要相信付出总会有回报。

推荐参考书目：庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2002。

叶子南，《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》，北京：清华大学出版社，2001。

张培基，《英译中国现代散文选》，上海：上海外语教育出版社，1999。

杨月蓉，《实用汉语语法与修辞》，重庆：西南师范大学出版社，1999。

叶朗，《中国文化读本》，北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2008。

卢晓江，《自然科学史十二讲》，北京：中国轻工业出版社，2007。

夏晓鸣，《应用文写作》，上海复旦大学出版社，2010 。

李国正，《汉语写作与百科知识》，首都师范大学出版社，2018。

成功录取学员：马老师复习方法：目录法：先通读各本参考书的目录，对于知识体系有着初步了解，了解书的内在逻辑结构，然后再去深入研读书的内容。

体系法：为自己所学的知识建立起框架，否则知识内容浩繁，容易遗忘，最好能够闭上眼睛的时候，眼前出现完整的知识体系。

问题法：将自己所学的知识总结成问题写出来，每章的主标题和副标题都是很好的出题素材。

考研英语复试自我介绍1自我介绍Good morning. I am glad to be here for this interview. First let me introduce myself. My name is Dongzhanji,I am twenty-five years old. I come from zibo city of Shan dong Province. I graduated from Shandong university of technology in July, 2007. In the past one year I have been preparing for the postgraduate examination while I’ve been working in a paint factory as Research and Development person. And the 2 years of work experience let me know that I need to promote myself by the Stage of postgraduate study. Beijing Institute of Technology is my first choice.Like most of the Shandongpeople,I am a straightforward person. In my spare time, I like reading books and playing basketball. I am a diligent student during my college studying ,and In my college, I actively response to the call of the college, take part in all kinds of useful activities and get scholarships for many times.I always believe that one will easily lag behind unless he keeps on learning. Of course, if I am given a chance for advanced studies in this famous University, I will stare to effort to master a good command of advance my capability.早晨好。