Unit19 Language-词汇篇 1
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1、掌握本单元warm-up及Lesson 1中的重点单词，短语及句型。
2、灵活运用本单元warm-up及Lesson 1中的重点单词，短语及句型。
一．重点单词
1. thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊n.兴奋；紧张
give sb. a thrill to do sth./of doing sth. 做某事让某人感到激动
be thrilled at/about/with sth. 对……感到兴奋
As he read the words besides the picture, he experienced a thrilling realization.
在他读图画旁的单词时，他有了令人兴奋的认识。
2.thankful adj.感谢的；为…感到高兴的
词汇拓展：
thankfulness n.感谢，感激
thankfully adv. 感激地；幸亏
短语拓展：
be thankful for 感激
be thankful to do 做…感到欣慰
be thankful that 感到欣慰的是
I was thankful that he hadn’t been hurt. 他没受伤，我感到很欣慰。
3.across prep. adv.穿过，横过
辨析across/through
易混词词义区别
across 横穿，横跨在物体表面
through 贯穿，穿过在物体内部
I swam across the Changjiang River 20 years ago.
The river runs through our city.
4.absence n.缺席；不在某处
Mr. Wang will be in charge of the office during my absence.
我不在的时候，办公室由王先生负责。
短语拓展：
in the absence of sb.＝in one’s absence 某人不在时
absence of mind 心不在焉
absence的反义词为presence意为“出席，到场”
absent adj. 不在的，缺席的
be absent from... 不参加……，缺席……
She had an absent look on her face.
她看起来心不在焉的样子。
Tom was absent from school because he was ill.
汤姆因病没去上学。
助记：
5.adequate adj.足够的，充分的
be adequate for ……充分
be adequate to (doing) sth. 胜任（做）某事
Is the water supply adequate?水的供应量足够吗？
Two hours is adequate to finish the task.两个小时足够完成这项任务。
辨析adequate enough sufficient
adequate 指“足够符合特定（有时可指最低）的资格、分量、才能等符合一个客观要
求或标准。
enough 是常用词，它除表示“足以满足需要的”外，还含有“数量很多使人感到心
满意足”之意。
sufficient 则指需要的，达到目的的，“满足”。事实上常常已经sufficient，但并不一定感到enough。
6.ensure vt.保证；担保；确保
ensure one’s safety/success保证某人的安全/成功
ensure sb.sth.保证/确保某人（得到）某物
ensure sb.from/against danger保护某人免受危险
Premier said that we must ensure the safety of food the other day.
几天前总理说，我们必须确保食品安全。
7.guarantee vt.保证；担保；n.保证；担保；保修单
guarantee sb.sth.保证某人某事
guarantee to do sth.保证去做某事
be guaranteed to do...肯定做……
under guarantee在保修期内
Your watch will be repaired free if it’s still under guarantee.你的手表在保修期内可享受免费修理。
give sb.a guarantee that...向某人担保……
All students are guaranteed campus accommodation for their first year.
保证安排所有的学生第一年在校内住宿。
Even if you complete your training, I can’t guarantee you a job.
即使你完成了培训，我也无法保证你能有工作。
【易混辨析】
ensure与guarantee
ensure意为“确保某事发生”；guarantee意思侧重于“担保”，还有“许诺”的意思，有时两者可以互用。
ensure, guarantee后均可接that从句，还可接双宾语；guarantee后还可接不定式作宾语，也可接复合宾语，ensure则不可这样用。
夯实基础
我们保证在一周内将货物送到。(一句多译)
(1)We guarantee to deliver the goods in one week.(guarantee v.)
(2)We are guaranteed to deliver the goods in one week.(be guaranteed to)
(3)We give a guarantee that we will deliver the goods in one week.(guarantee n.)
8.adjust v.调整，调节=(change to make more suitable)；适应，习惯(=adapt)
adjust sth.to sth.调整……以适应……
adjust oneself to...使自己适应于……
adjust to doing...适应做……
make an adjustment作出调整
We have been preparing our fighters to adjust themselves to civil society.
我们一直在培训我们的战士，以使他们适应普通的社会生活。
To attract investors, Panama has adjusted its tax and labor laws.
为吸引投资者，巴拿马调整了税法和劳动法。
【易混辨析】
adapt与adjust
这两个词都可作“适应”解。其区别是：
(1)adapt指只进行细微的修改或变动就能适应新的环境或条件。常与介词for和to连用。如：The book is adapted for beginners.
这本书是为初学者改编的。
(2)adjust多指对机械或仪器等进行调整，借正确的判断或熟练的技术使两者的技术使两者相配合。
也可指人或其他生物改变原有的生活方式以适应新的环境。
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7d11283608.html,rm vt.告知；通知；了解；熟悉
inform sb.of/about sth.通知某人某事
be well informed about sth. 精通某事；对某消息灵通
keep https://www.doczj.com/doc/7d11283608.html,rmed of/about...通知某人关于……；使某人知道……
be informed of...听说；接到……的通知
inform sb.that...告诉某人……
They would inform him of any progress they had made.
他们会把他们取得的任何进步都告诉他。
Please inform us of any change of address as soon as possible.地址如有变更，请尽早通知我们。
10.attain vt.获得，得到；达到
特别提示
attain无被动语态。
attainment n．达成；成就
attain one’s hope实现某人的愿望
attain one’s object达到某人的目标
attain the end/goal达到目标
Most of our students attained five “A” grades in their exams.
我们多数学生的考试成绩是五个优。
The balloonists attained an altitude of 33，000 feet.
气球驾驶者们升到了海拔33，000英尺的高度。
【易混辨析】
achieve，arrive，reach与attain
(1)achieve侧重于经过努力而获得成功或达到某种目标。如：
This will help us achieve modernization.
这将有助于我们实现现代化。
(2)arrive和reach除表示到达某地外，还表示“达成(协议)，得出(结论)”，侧重于经过谈判或协商而
达成，arrive和介词at搭配时，可和reach互换。如：
He had reached/arrived at a new conclusion.
他得出了一个新的结论。
(3)attain含有较强的抱负和渴望的意味，着重于有意识地实现某一目标，常用来指实现一般人不易达
到的目标。
I'm determined to attain my purpose at any cost.
我决心不惜任何代价达到目的。
11.approval n.赞成；赞许；同意；批准
give one’s approval to批准
approve v.赞成，同意；认可；批准
approve of sb./sth. 赞成/同意某人/某事
approve doing sth.批准做某事
The government has given its approval to a program of economic reforms.
政府已经通过一些经济改革方案。
[特别提醒]
approve作“批准”讲时，常用作及物动词；作“赞成，同意”讲时，常用approve of。
12.resemble vt.像；与……相似
resemble不能用于进行时中，也没有被动语态；resemble是及物动词，本身已经售与“与……相似”
的意思，所以不必再加with.
resemble sb./sth.(in)...(在……方面)与某人/某物相似
bear a resemblance to(＝be similar to...)与……相似
In these respects, the fossils resemble modern humans.
在这些方面，这些化石类似于现代人类。
She resembles her sister in appearance but not in character.
她和她姐姐外貌相似，但性格不同。
13.therefore adv.因此，所以
易混词词义区别
so 所以比较随意，多用于口语中
therefore 因此引出一个推断出的必然结论
consequently 因此较正式，能在侧重符合逻辑的结果
经典例句：
The shop were closed so I didn’t get any milk.
We were unable to get funds and therefore had to abandon the project.
A month has now passed. Consequently, your claim on compensation under the policy has been cancelled. 现在已过了一个月了。因此，按照政策，你们索取补偿的权利已被取消。
14.worth adj.值得的
be worth doing 值得做……
be worthy of +n.值得
be worthy to be done ……值得被做
be worthy if being done值得被做……
be worthwhile to do sth.做某事是值得的
be worthwhile doing sth. 做某事是值得的
经典例句：这本书值得读。可译为：
The book is worth reading.
The book is worthy to be read.
The book is worthy of being read.
It is worthwhile to read the book.
It is worthwhile reading the book.
二．重点句型
1.doing sth. is …动名词作主语
原文再现：In today’s world, being able to speak more than one language, including English, is how you stand out and get ahead.
句型剖析：此句中，动名词短语being able to speak more than one language 充当主语，动名词（短语）作主语表抽象的或经常性的行为。谓语动词为is, including English为插入语，在分析句子结构时可
物忽略此处，先将主语和谓语确定下来。
例句：Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。
2.There is no point in doing sth.做….是没有意义的
例1. (2019浙江六校联考) The shelter is expected to help the homeless live ________the bitter winter.
A. across
B. with
C. through
D. against
例2. (2019北京西城一模) Last night the naughty boy climbed ______ the wall and jumped into the swimming pool only to find there was no water.
A. across
B. over
C. through
D. for
例3. (2019北京石景山期末) _______(Be) creative looks like a good way to add years to your life.
例4. (2019安徽) It’s our hope that we will play a great role in the market pace and, _____,supply more jobs.
A. however
B. anywhere
C. therefore
D. otherwise
例5. (2019河南罗山一模)—Excuse me, Madam. Taking photos is forbidden here.
—I’m really sorry. I _________of that.
A.am not informed
B. hasn’t been informed
C. hadn’t been informed
D. wasn’t informed
基础演练
一．用所给词的适当形式填空
1. In my opinion, you can depend on him, because he has been reliable and___________ (punctually)．
2. __________ (fluent) in French is required for this job.
3. Laboratory work needs not only__________ (accuracy) measurements but also correct calculation.
__________ (surround) her.
4. She can see it clearly. She can feel it’s warmth
5. The spokesman of the Foreign Ministry __________ (announcement) the news to the reporters.
巩固提高
二．单词拼写
1. The contrast of the computer screen is too low, please ________(调整) it.
2. At last he ________(获得) to the highest office in the country.
3. Plain glass is ________(透明的).
4. The twists and turns on the mountain road ________(与……相似) the shape of a huge snake.
5. I cannot ________(保证) to deliver your goods within a week.
6. We were t________ to hear his exciting story.
7. After a long a________, she came back to work again.
8. I made some p________ in the supermarket yesterday.
9. Don't laugh at others, which e________ others.
10. She broke the dish on p________ just to show her anger.
短语运用
一.用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空
take the form of, get ahead, catch on, stand out, consist of, keep in mind, be similar to,
be aware of, inform...of, approve of
___________.
1.Would you mind repeating that? I didn’t quite
2. In this model, the return message might ___________ feedback or a formal reply.
3. By working hard, he ___________ of the rest of the class.
4. Canada is a country ___________ many different nationalities.
5. Being able to speak more than one language can make you___________ and get ahead.
6. I sincerely hope that you ___________ my resignation.
7. ___________ your urges to quit, and overcome them.
8. We also tend to ___________ our friends and family on income and wealth measures.
9. And___________ that this holds true regardless of the length of your speech.
10. ________ a friend _______your targets so they can help motivate you as well.
二.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空
in use, on the other hand, such as, on purpose, the key to, for ages
1. I came here for nothing else but to see you ___________.
2. On the one hand，loss implies gain; ___________,gain implies loss.
3. I’ve been knocking aw a y ___________,but nobody has answered the door.
4.Quite simply, in today’s world
, English holds ___________ a brighter future and a world of possibilities.
5.This not only had American words and expressions, but also introduced a new, simplified spelling which
is still ___________.
6.The curriculum focuses on English language skills used in business meetings and in areas
___________marketing and advertising.
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一．单项选择
( )1.You can’t the diploma which shows your high on marketing unless you work hard.
A. attain; competence
B. lose; possibility
C. witness; luck
D. rise; speech
( )2.The cab driver suddenly his cab almost at the same time he saw a dog rushing into the
street.
A. increased; so
B. accelerated; but
C. added; and
D. produced; or
( )3.Working hard is not the only of success,but it is among the essential requirements.
A. sign
B. signal
C. guarantee
D. symbol
( )4.(2019重庆高考,28)struck me most in the movie was the father’s deep love for his son.
A. That
B. It
C. What
D. Which
( )5.In the of any further evidence,the police were reported to be unable to solve the murder.
A. absence
B. lack
C. hope
D. charge
( )6.There are far less than rain this year, so some parts of our country have been dry this summer.
A. extra
B. efficient
C. permanent
D. adequate
( )7.—The two pairs of shoes are the same color.
—But they are different size.
A. of; from
B. of; in
C.in; from
D.in; in
( )8.His happy smile the impression that they were happy and friendly.
A. determined
B. conveyed
C. shaped
D. functioned
( )9.The road sign is easy to read; the words well.
A .stand up B. stand for C. stand by D. stand out
( )10.by the clear waters, this forest provides visitors with a wonderful chance to see some endangered native birds in the wild.
A. Being surrounded
B. Surrounding
C. Surrounded
D. To be surrounded
二.阅读理解
Dogs are able to help all sorts of people with disabilities live their lives. Now a man from the United Kingdom has made a dog-controlled washing machine so that dogs can help these people with their laundry too!
John Middleton of laundry company JTM invented the “Woof to Wash” washing machine that makes it easier for people with disabilities to get their clothes clean.
Loading, starting, and emptying regular washing machines involves movements that most of us don’t think twice about and take for granted. But doing laundry can be difficult for people who have autism(孤独症), are blind, have learning disabilities, or have limited movement in their hands.
“We developed this machine because mainstream products with complex digital controls seldom meet the needs of the disabled users, ”explained Middleton.
“But then I saw a video from the charity Support Dogs, where a dog strips a bed and loads the washing machine. I was completely blown away and instantly thought I could invent a machine where the
dog does everything. So I got in touch with Support Dogs and they loved the idea. They said it would be a huge help to their severely disabled users. ”
With Middleton’s washer, support dogs of all shapes and sizes can be trained to load the clothes，bark to turn it on，and open the door with a push of a paw and pull a string to unload the washing.
The dogs are currently being trained by Support Dogs，and，for now，they will only be available to the UK citizens with disabilities.
JTM’s website says that, “Plans are underway for this groundbreaking machine to improve the quality
of life and independence for thousands of people with wide ranging disabilities across the UK. ”
( )1. According to Middleton, the common washing machines .
A. are designed for special purposes
B. are completely controlled by themselves
C. are produced digitally for people to use
D. are difficult for the disabled to operate
( )2. If the dog wants to empty washing machines，he should .
A. bark to the machine
B. open the door
C. pull a string
D. bite a button on the machine
( )3.What do we know about the “Woof to Wash” washing machine?
A. Any dogs can be trained to operate it.
B. It is widely sold in England at present.
C. Dogs for it are being trained by John.
D. It is designed especially for the dogs.
( )8．The best title for the passage may be “”．
A. A washing machine designed by a disabled person
B. The dog-friendly washing machine
C. The latest washing machine in the world
D. The machine specially designed for dogs
三.完形填空
My watch stopped working a few days ago. The band 1 without my noticing，causing it to fall to the floor while I was doing some 2 .As I stepped back to 3 some other clothes, I heard a terrible sound. I 4 the watch and saw its face had been cracked. I saw that it was beyond 5 and sadly threw it into the garbage.
Strangely, though it is 6 , I find that I have no wish to buy a new one. 7 it is because in this digital age clocks are 8 .They are on my wall，in my car，on my computer，and even on my phone. I even needn’t 9 my head if I want to see what time it is.
I think that the real reason, 10 , is that as I grow older, my relationship with 11 itself has changed. While I feel as 12 as ever，time in this world has gone by too fast. The little baby boy I once rocked to 13 to my chest is now a 23-year-old man who is bigger than me. Young and 14 adults have now grown old, sickened and even 15 .Now I can see that time cannot be kept. It flows on and on and carries us with it in a river of 16 .The days go by，our hair turns 17 , our skin becomes wrinkled，and our bodies wear out. Looking 5at our 18 cannot slow it down. All we can do is embrace it and 19 each day we are given.
So do your best to spend each 20 moment here with joy .Do your best to spend your days living，laughing, hugging, helping, praying and smiling. Do your best to spend your seconds here loving yourself，and others.
( )1. A. cut B. broke C. closed D. stopped
( )2. A. exercising B. reading C. washing D. cooking
( )3. A. fetch B. find C. see D. choose
( )4. A. set up B. picked up C. looked for D. cared about
( )5. A. reach B. description C. construction D. repair ( )6. A. worn B. disabled C. gone D. lost
( )7. A. Truly B. Really C. Indeed D. Perhaps ( )8. A. somewhere B. nowhere C. anywhere D. everywhere ( )9. A. shake B. turn C. nod D. bury ( )10. A. although B. therefore C. however D. instead ( )11. A. achievement B. time C. competition D. satisfaction ( )12. A. young B. calm C. happy D. useful ( )13. A. beat B. knock C. sleep D. stand ( )14. A. brave B. energetic C. rude D. proper ( )15. A. passed away B. got away C. run away D. given away ( )16. A. smile B. silence C. change D. love
( )17. A. brown B. black C. yellow D. grey ( )18. A. watches B. bodies C. ages D. relatives ( )19. A. share B. enjoy C. divide D. waste ( )20. A. considerate B. interesting C. precious D. difficult