2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题及答案(第三套).docx

12月英语六级真题答案试卷三（2）2015年12月英语六级真题答案（试卷三）短文3答案23. B) Pressure and disease.24. A) It experienced a series of misfortunes.25. C) They could do nothing to help him.听力填空26. are supposed to27. ing28. drawing-out29. distinguished30. spark31. flame32. schooling33. controversies34. are concerned with35. dissatisfaction阅读答案选词填空答案36. C) controlled37. L) slash38. M) specializing39. K) professionals40. E) forged41. A) accountable42. F) incentives43. B) capacity44. H) overstated45. O) subsequently长篇阅读46. It is best to use an EMV card for international travel.H. Some big banks, like Wells Fargo……47. Personal information on credit and debit cards is increasingly vulnerable to hacking.B. Swipe is the operative word: …….48. The French card companies adopted EMV technology partly because of inefficient telephone service.G. Chip-and Pin cards, by contrast, make fake cards……49. While many countries use the smarter EMV cards, the U.S. still clings to its old magstripe technology.C. The solution could cost as little as $2 extra for every piece of plastic issued……50. Attempts are being made to prevent hackers from carrying out identity theft.A. A thin magnetic stripe (magstripe) is all that stands between……51. Credit cards are much safer to use than debit cards.I. Keep in mind, too, that credit cards typically ……52. Big banks have been reluctant to switch to more secure technology because of the higher costs involved.D. Why haven’t big banks adopted the more secure technology? ……53. The potential liability for retailers using magstripe is far more costly than upgrading their registers.E. Multiply $3 by the more than 5 billion magstripe credit and prepaid cards…...54. The use of magstripe cards by American retailers leaves consumers exposed to the risks of losing account information.F. That leaves American retailers pretty much alone the world……55. Consumers will be a driving force behind the conversion from magstripe to EMV technology.6O. Credit and debit cards, though, are going to be……仔细阅读Passage One56. B) They are used by big businesses to monopolize agriculture.57. D) More scientific research on GM crops.58. A) Feeding the growing population makes it imperative to develop GM crops.59. D) Whatever is useful to boost farming efficiency should be encouraged.60. C) Efforts spent on it should be turned to more urgent issues of agriculture.Passage Two61. C) Unemployment.62. D) Pour money into the market through asset buying.63. B) Deflation.64. C) Tighten financial regulation.65. A) She possesses strong persuasive power.翻译答案汉朝是中国历史上最重要的朝代之一。

2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题(三）2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题(三）Part I Writing (30minutes)Directions ：For this part,you are allowed 30minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below.You should focus on the harm caused by misleading information online.You are required to write at least 150words but no more than 200words.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30minutes)Section A Directions ：In this section,you will hear 8short conversations and 2long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part I Writing. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Civil Servant Test Craze. Your essay should start with a brief description of the picture. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. 听⼒题： 1、 A.She thinks the exercise is easy. B.She can't solve the exercise either. C.She can help the man with the exercise. D.She hasn't tried to solve the exercise yet. 2、 A.Buy a newspaper. B.Take a trip in the summer. C.Put an ad in a newspaper. D.Go to the interviewer's office. 3、 A.The man must be a very slow driver. B.She did a lot of walking in Florida. C.The man should have spent less time in Florida D.She got to Florida long before the man did. 4、 A.Look for the umbrella in the theater. B.Ask the ticket seller about the umbrella. C.Buy another ticket for the show. D.Go back to her chair to get the umbrella. 5、 A.Both of the activities aren't very good. B.He has no interest in doing exercise. C.They should choose a different activity. D.It doesn't matter which activity to choose. 6、 A.Wash fewer clothes at a time. e a different washing machine. C.Try to repair the washing machine first, D.Wash his clothes by hand. 7、 A.She is going to drop the class too. B.She doesn't know how to swim. C.It took her a long time to learn to swim. D.She teaches swimming, 8、 A.He'll give the woman a few prescriptions right away. B.He'll be away from the office for one or two days. C.The woman doesn't need anything for her cough. D.The woman should continue taking the medicine. Conversation One. 听材料，回答下列问题： 9、 A.Her apartment is too far from the campus. B.Her apartment needs a lot of repair work. C.She's having trouble with the owner of the apartment D.Her roommate won't share expenses. 10、 A.Because the girls didn't pay their rent on time. B.Because she couldn't find anyone to repair the dishwasher. C.Because she had to buy a new dishwasher. D.Because paula had some repairs done without her permission. 11、 A.Because he has some knowledge of the law, B.Because he once had the same problem. C.Because he is a friend of the owner. D.Because he can bring a lawsuit against the owner. Conversation Two.　听材料，回答下列各题： 12、 A.There aren't enough cabinets B.There is too much noise. C.Office supplies are taking up space. D.Some teaching assistants don't have desks. 13、 A.To chat with him socially. B.To get help with the course. C.To hand in their assignments. D.To practise giving interviews, 14、 A.They'd have to get permission. B.Jack wouldn't like it, C.She thinks it might work. D.Other assistants should be consulted 15、 A.Give Jack a different office, plain to the department head. C.Move the supplies to the storage room. D.Try to get a room to use for meetings. Passage One. 听材料，回答下列各题： 16、 A.Because of its shape. B.Because of its skin. C.Because of its size. D.Because of its behavior. 17、 A.How sea animals manage to exist, B.How large sea animals can be. C.How frightening the squid is, D.How little is known about the sea. 18、 A.Why it is difficult to use aerial photographs in research. B.Why oceanic research is so limited. C.How oceanic research has helped land research, D.How fossil remains are obtained from deep sea. Passage Two. 听材料，回答下列各题： 19、 A.New varieties of corn have been developed. B.The crops need less fertilizer. C.Farmers can now monitor crop growth. D.Crop yields are much greater. 20、 A.It's being drained from Nebraska to Texas. B.It's being pumped out. C.It's becoming contaminated with oil. D.It's becoming much warmer. 21、 A.It can be seen from an airplane. B.It's most likely polluted. C.It's usually a bright green color. D.The supply of it may be exhausted soon. Passage Three. 听材料，回答下列各题： 22、 A.To review what students know about volcanic activity. B.To demonstrate the use of a new measurement device. C.To explain the answer to an examination question. D.To provide background for the next reading assignment. 23、 A.They occur at regular intervals. B.They can withstand great heat. C.They travel through the Earth's interior. D.They can record the Earth's internal temperature. 24、 A.When the Earth was formed. B.The composition of the Earth's interior. C.Why molten rock is hot. D.How often a volcano is likely to erupt. 25、 A.How deep they are. B.Where earthquakes form. C.How hot they are. D.What purpose they serve. 听材料，回答下列各题： Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Teenagers will be told to "stand up for their elders" on public transport-or risk losing their right to free travel. London Mayor Boris Johnson will 26_________ plans today to make youngsters sign a " 27_________ pledge" to promise to behave in a 28 _________manner when travelling in the capital. The three-point pledge states that they will give up their seats to the elderly, 29_________ and disabled; refrain from using 30_________ or threatening language; and be courteous and polite to fellow passengers and staff. Those who refuse, or are caught behaving in a rude manner, will have their free travel passes 31_________ The plan--a key part of Mr. Johnson's re-election bid--will initially affect the 400,000 11-to-15-year-olds in London who qualify for free travel cards, but Conservative sources believe the idea could be used across the country. A Conservative insider said, "The initiative 32_________ the push to create a Big Society. It is about changing culture and 33 _________around behavior to improve the atmosphere on buses and trains for everyone. " Speaking before today's launch, Mr. Johnson said he 34_________ tackle the anti-social behavior of a "minority of youngsters" on public transport. "when I was a boy, I was taught to stand up for those less able to," he said. "Youngsters enjoy the privilege of free travel, which is paid for by Londoners, but they have to understand that with that privilege comes responsibility. " Anyone who abuses this privilege will have it taken away, and will have to earn that right back. Teenagers who are found 35_________ violating the new behavior code will lose their travel passes. They will have to carry out unpaid community work to have them restored.回答36-45题： Women with low literacy suffer disproportionately more than men, encountering more 36_________ in finding a well-paying job and being twice as likely to end up in the group of lowest wage earners, a study released on Wednesday said. Analysis by the Institute for Women's Policy Research (IWPR. found women at all levels of 37_________ tend to earn less than men, but it's at the lowest literacy levels that the wage gap between genders is most striking. Women with low literacy are twice as 38_________ as men at the same skill level to be among the lowest earners, bringing in $300 a week or less, the report said. "Because women start off so low in terms of wages, having higher literacy and more skills really 39_________ a big difference," said Kevin Miller, a 40_________ research associate at IWPR and co-author of the study. Women need to go 41_________ in their training and education level to earn the same as men, Miller said. The 42_________ was based on 2009 National Assessment of Adult Literacy surveys, the most recent data43_________ , and focused on reading skills, not writing and numeric literacy. That data was 44_________ from a nationally representative sample of 19,714 people aged 16 and older, living in households or prisons. Data showed about one-third of American adults have low literacy levels, and more than 36 percent of men and 33 percent of women fall into that 45_________ , the institute said. 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2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题(第3套)Part I Writing(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picturebelow.You should focus on the harm caused by misleading information online.You arerequired to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the endof each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question there will bea pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C.and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet I with a single line through the centre.1.A.She has completely recovered.B.She went into shock after an operation.C.She is still in a critical condition.D.She is getting much better.2.A.Ordering a breakfast.B.Booking a hotel room.C.Buying a train ticket.D.Fixing a compartment.3.A.Most borrowers never returned the books to her.B.The man is the only one who brought her book back.C.She never expected anyone to return the books to her.D.Most of the books she lent out came back without jackets.4.A.She left her work early to get some bargains last Saturday.B.She attended the supermarket's grand opening ceremony.C.She drove a full hour before finding a parking space.D.She failed to get into the supermarket last Saturday.5.A.He is bothered by the pain in his neck.B.He cannot do his report without a computer.C.He cannot afford to have a coffee break.D.He feels sorry to have missed the report.6.A.Only top art students can show their works in the gallery.B.The gallery space is big enough for the man's paintings.C.The woman would like to help with the exhibition layout.D.The man is uncertain how his art works will be received.7.A.The woman needs a temporary replacement for her assistant.B.The man works in the same department as the woman does.C.The woman will have to stay in hospital for a few days.D.The man is capable of dealing with difficult people.8.A.It was better than the previous one.B.It distorted the mayor's speech.C.It exaggerated the city's economic problems.D.It reflected the opinions of most economists.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A.To inform him of a problem they face.B.To request him to purchase control desks.C.To discuss the content of a project report.D.To ask him to flX the dictating machine.10.A.They quote the best price in the market.B.They manufacture and sell office furniture.C.They cannot deliver the steel sheets on time.D.They cannot produce the steel sheets needed.11.A.By marking down the trait price.B.By accepting the penalty clauses.C.By allowing more time for delivery.D.By promising better after-sales service.12.A.Give the customer a ten percent discount.B.Claim compensation from the steel suppliers.C.Ask the Buying Department to change suppliers.D.Cancel the contract with the customer.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.A.Stockbroker.B.Physicist.C.Mathematician.D.Economist.14.A.Improve computer programming.B.Explain certain natural phenomena.C.Predict global population growth.D.Promote national financial health.15.A.Their different educational backgrounds.B.Changing attitudes toward nature.C.Chaos theory and its applications.D.The current global economic crisis.Section BDirections : In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of each passage, you will hearsome questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C.and D ).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A.They lay great emphasis on hard work.B.They name 150 star engineers each year.C.They require high academic degrees.D.They have people with a very high IQ.17.A.Long years of job training.B.High emotional intelligence.C.Distinctive academic qualifications.D.Devotion to the advance of science.18.A.Good interpersonal relationships.B.Rich working experience.C.Sophisticated equipment.D.High motivation.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19A. A diary.B.A fairy tale.C.A history textbook.D.A biography.20.A.He was a sports fan.B.He loved adventures.C.He disliked school.D.He liked hair-raising stories.21.A.Encourage people to undertake adventures.B.Publicize his colorful and unique life stories.C.Raise people's environmental awareness.D.Attract people to America's national parks.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A.The first infected victim.B.A coastal village in Africa.C.The doctor who lust identified it.D.A river running through the Congo.23.A.They exhibit similar symptoms.B.They can be treated with the same drug.C.They have almost the same mortality rate.D.They have both disappeared for good.24.A.By inhaling air polluted with the virus.B.By contacting contaminated body fluids.C.By drinking water from the Congo River.D.By eating food grown in Sudan and Zalre.25.A.More strains will evolve from the Ebola virus.B.Scientists will eventually fred cures for Ebola.C.Another Ebola epidemic may erupt sooner or later.D.Once infected, one will become immune to Ebola.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.The ideal companion machine would not only look, feel, and sound friendly but would also be programmed to behave in an agreeable manner. Those 26 that make interaction with other people enjoyable would be simulated as closely as possible, and the machine would 27 charming, stimulating, and easy going. Its informal conversational style would make interaction comfortable, and yet the machine would remain slightly 28 and therefore interesting. In its first encounter it might be somewhat hesitant and unassuming, but as it came to know the user it wouldprogress to a more 29 and intimate style. The machine would not be a passive 30 but would add its own suggestions, information, and opinions; it would sometimes 31 developing or changing the topic and would have a personality of its own.The machine would convey presence: We have all seen how a computer's use of personal names often 32 people and leads them to treat the machine as if it were almost human. Such features are easily written into the software. By introducing 33 forcefulness and humor, the machine could be presented as a vivid and unique character.Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as a friend if it 34 the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to know another. At an 35 time it might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy.Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter .Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.As it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor.Plus, we live in a culture that 36 to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to online shopping sites that never close. It's no surprise, then, that more than half of American adults don't get the 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as 37 by sleep experts.Whether or not we can catch up on sleep--on the weekend, say--is a hotly 38 topic among sleep researchers. The latest evidence suggests that while it isn't 39 , it might help. When Liu, theUCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought 40 sleep-restricted people into the lab for a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10 hours per night, they showed 41 in the ability of insulin (胰岛素) to process blood sugar. That suggests that catch-up sleep may undo somebut not all of the damage that sleep 42 causes, which is encouraging, given how many adults don't get the hours they need each night. Still, Liu isn't 43 to endorse the habit of sleeping less and making up for it later.Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not 44 an effective remedy either."A sleeping pill will 45 one area of the brain, but there's never going to be a perfect sleeping pill, because you couldn't really replicate (复制) the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of the brain to go through the different stages of sleep," says Dr.Nancy Collop, director of the Emory University Sleep Center.A.alternativelyB.catersC.chronicallyD.debatedE.deprivationF.idealG.improvementsH.necessarilyI.negotiatedJ.pierceK.presumptionL.readyM.recommendedN.surpassesO.targetSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Climate change may be real, but it's still not easy being greenHow do we convince our inner caveman to be greener? We ask some outstanding social scientists.[A] The road to climate hell is paved with our good intentions. Politicians may tackle polluters while scientists do battle with carbon emissions. But the most pervasive problem is less obvious: our own behaviour. We get distracted before we can turn down the heating. We break our promise not to fly after hearing about a neighbour's trip to India.Ultimately, we can't be bothered to change our attitude. Fortunately for the planet, social science and behavioural economics may be able to do that for us.[B] Despite mournful polar beats and charts showing carbon emissions soaring, most people find it hard to believe that global warming will affect them personally. Recent polls by the Pew Research Centre in Washington, DC, found that 75-80 per cent of participants regarded climate change as an important issue. But respondents ranked it last on a list of priorities.[C] This inconsistency largely stems from a feeling of power lessness ."When we can't actually remove the source of our fear, we tend to adapt psychologically by adopting a range of defence mechanisms," says Tom Crompton, change strategist for the environmental organisation World Wide Fund for Nature.[ D] Part of the fault lies with our inner caveman. Evolution has programmed humans to pay most attention to issues that will have an immediate impact. "We worry most about now because if we don't survive for the next minute, we're not going to be around in ten years' time," says Professor Elke Weber of the Centre for Research on Environmental Decisions at Columbia University in New York. If the Thames were lapping around Big Ben, Londoners would face up to the problem of emissions pretty quickly .But in practice, our brain discounts the risks--and benefits—associated with issues that lie some way ahead.[E] Matthew Rush worth, of the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Oxford, sees this in his lab every day. "One of the ways in which all agents seem to makedecisions is that they assign a lower weighting to outcomes that are going to be further away in the future," he says."This is a very sensible way for an animal to make decisions in the wild and would havebeen very helpful for humans for thousands of years."[F] Not any longer. By the time we wake up to the threat posed by climate change, it could well be too late. And ff we're not going to make rational decisions about the future, others may have to help us to do so.[G] Few political libraries are without a copy of Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealthand Happiness, by Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein. They argue that governments should persuade us into making better decisions--such as saving more in our pension plans--by changing the default options. Professor Weber believes that environmental policy can make use of similartactics. If, for example, building codes included green construction guidelines, most developers would be too lazy to challenge them.[H] Defaults are certainly part of the solution. But social scientists are most concerned about crafting messages that exploit our group mentality (,~, ~ )."We need to understand what motivates people, what it is that allows them to make change," says Professor Neil Adger, of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research in Norwich. "It is actually about what their peers think of them, what their social norms are, what is seen as desirable in society." In other words, our inner caveman is continually looking over his shoulder to see what the rest of the tribe are up to.[ I ] The passive attitude we have to climate change as individuals can be altered by counting us in--and measuring us against--our peer group." Social norms are primitive and elemental," says Dr.Robert Cialdini, author of Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion." Birds flock together, fish school together, cattle herd together...just perceiving norms is enough to cause people to adjust their behaviour in the direction of the crowd."[J] These norms can take us beyond good intentions. Cialdini conducted a study in San Diego in which coat hangers bearing messages about saving energy were hung on people's doors. Some of the messages mentioned the environment, some financial savings, others social responsibility. Butit was the ones that mentioned the actions of neighbours that drove down power use.[K] Other studies show that simply providing the facility for people to compare their energy use with the local average is enough to cause them to modify their behaviour. The Conservatives plan to adopt this strategy by making utility companies print the average local electricity and gas usage onpeople's bills.[L] Social science can also teach politicians how to avoid our collective capacity for serf-destructive behaviour. Environmental campaigns that tell us how many people drive SUVs unwittingly (不经意的) imply that this behaviour is widespread and thus permissible.Cialdini recommends some careful framing of the message. "Instead of normalising the undesirable behaviour, the message needs to marginalise it, for example, by stating that if even one person buys yet another SUV, it reduces our ability to be energy-independent."[M] Tapping into how we already see ourselves is crucial. The most successful environmental strategy will marry the green message to our own sense of identity. Take your average trade unionmember, chances are they will be politically motivated and be used to collective action—much like Erica Gregory.A retired member of the Public and Commercial Services Union, she is setting up one of 1,i00 action groups with the support of Climate Solidarity, a two-year environmental campaign aimed at trade unionists.[N] Erica is proof that a great-grandmother can help to lead the revolution if you get the psychology right--in this case, by matching her enthusiasm for the environment with a fondness for organizing groups."I think it's a terrific idea," she says of the campaign."The union backing it makes members think there must be something in it." She is expecting up to 20 people at the first meeting she has called, at her local pub in the Cornish village of Polperro.[O] Nick Perks, project director for Climate Solidarity, believes this sort of activity is where the future of environmental action lies. "Using existing civil society structures or networks is a more effective way of creating change.., and obviously trade unions are one of the biggest civil society networks in the UK," he says. The " Love Food, Hate Waste" campaign entered into acollaboration last year with another such network--the Women's Institute. Londoner Rachel Taylorjoined the campaign with the aim of making new friends. A year on, the meetings have made lasting changes to what she throws away in her kitchen. "It's always more of an incentive if you're doing it with other people," she says. "It motivates you more if you know that you've got to provide feedback to a group."[P]The power of such simple psychology in fighting climate change is attracting attention across the political establishment. In the US, the House of Representatives Science Committee has approveda bill allocating $10 million a year to studying energy-related behaviour. In the UK, new studies are in development and social scientists are regularly spotted in British government offices. Withthe help of psychologists, there is fresh hope that we might go green after all.46.When people find they are powerless to change a situation, they tend to live with it.47.To be effective, environmental messages should be carefully framed.48.It is the government's responsibility to persuade people into making environment-friendly decisions.49.Politicians are beginning to realise the importance of enlisting psychologists' help in fighting climate change.50.To find effective solutions to climate change, it is necessary to understand what motivates people to make change.51.In their evolution, humans have learned to pay attention to the most urgent issues instead of long-term concerns.52.One study shows that our neighbours' actions are influential in changing our behaviour.53.Despite clear signs of global warming, it is not easy for most people to believe climate change will affect their own lives.54.We should take our future into consideration in making decisions concerning climate change before it is too late.55.Existing social networks can be more effective in creating change in people's behaviour.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C. andD ).Y ou should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.More than a decade ago, cognitive scientists John Bransford and Daniel Schwartz, both then atVanderbilt University, found that what distinguished young adults from children was not the ability to retain facts or apply prior knowledge to a new situation but a quality they called "preparation for future learning." The researchers asked fifth graders and college students to create a recovery plan to protect bald eagles from extinction. Shockingly, the two groups came up with plans of similar quality(although the college students had better spelling skills ). From the standpoint of a traditional educator, this outcome indicated that schooling had failed to help students think about ecosystems and extinction, major scientific ideas.The researchers decided to go deeper, however. They asked both groups to generate questions about important issues needed to create recovery plans. On this task, they found large differences. College students focused on critical issues of interdependence between eagles and their habitats (栖息地).Fifth graders tended to focus on features of individual eagles ( "How big are they?" and "What do they eat?" ).The college students had cultivated the ability to ask questions, the cornerstone of critical thinking. They had learned how to learn.Museums and other institutions of informal learning may be better suited to teach this skill than elementary and secondary schools. At the Exploratorium in San Francisco, we recently studied how learning to ask good questions can affect the quality of people's scientific inquiry. We found that whenwe taught participants to ask "What if?" and "How can?" questions that nobody present would know the answer to and that would spark exploration, they engaged in better inquiry at the next exhibit--asking more questions, performing more experiments and making better interpretations of their results. Specifically, their questions became more comprehensive at the new exhibit. Rather than merely asking about something they wanted to try, they tended to include both cause and effect in their question. Asking juicy questions appears to be a transferable skill for deepening collaborative inquiry into the science content found in exhibits.This type of learning is not confined to museums or institutional settings. Informal learning environments tolerate failure better than schools. Perhaps many teachers have too little time to allow students to form and pursue their own questions and too much ground to cover in the curriculum .But people must acquire this skill somewhere .Our society depends on them being able to make critical decisions about their own medical treatment, say, or what we must do about global energy needs and demands. For that, we have a robust informal learning system that gives no grades, takes all comers, and is available even on holidays and weekends.56.What is traditional educators' interpretation of the research outcome mentioned in the first paragraph ?A.Students are not able to apply prior knowledge to new problems.B.College students are no better than fifth graders in memorizing facts.cation has not paid enough attention to major environmental issues.cation has failed to lead students to think about major scientific ideas.57.In what way are college students different from children?A.They have learned to think critically.B.They are concerned about social issues.C.They are curious about specific features.D.They have learned to work independently.58.What is the benefit of asking questions with no ready answers?A.It arouses students' interest in things around them.B.It cultivates students' ability to make scientific inquiries.C.It trains students' ability to design scientific experiments.D.It helps students realize not every question has an answer.59.What is said to be the advantage of informal learning?A.It allows for failures.B.It is entertaining.C.It charges no tuition.D.It meets practical needs.60.What does the author seem to encourage educators to do at the end of the passage?A.Train students to think about global issues.B.Design more interactive classroom activities.C.Make full use of informal learning resources.D.Include collaborative inquiry in the curriculum.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage."There's an old saying in the space world: amateurs talk about technology, professionals talk about insurance." In an interview last year with The Economist, George White sides, chief executive of space-tourism fu'm Virgin Galactic, was placing his company in the latter category. But insurance will be cold comfort following the failure on October 31st of VSS Enterprise, resulting in the death of one pilot and the severe injury to another.On top of the tragic loss of life, the accident in California will cast a long shadow over the future of space tourism, even before it has properly begun.The notion of space tourism took hold in 2001 with a $ 20 million flight aboard a Russian spacecraft by Dennis Tito, a millionaire engineer with an adventurous streak .Just haft a dozen holiday-makers have reached orbit since then, for similarly astronomical price tags. But more recently, companies have begun to plan more affordable "suborbital" flights--briefer ventures just to the edge of space's vast darkness. Virgin Galactic had, prior to this week's accident, seemed closest to starting regular flights. The company has already taken deposits from around 800 would-be space tourists ,including Stephen Hawking.After being dogged by technical delays for years, Sir Richard Branson, Virgin Galactic's founder, had recently suggested that a Space Ship Two craft would carry its first paying customers as soon as February 2015. That now seems an impossible timeline. In July, a sister craft of the crashed paceplane was reported to be about half-finished. The other half will have to walt as authorities ofmerica's Federal Aviation Administration (FAA.and National Transportation Safety Board work out: hat went wrong.In the meantime, the entire space tourism industry will be on tenterhooks (坐立不安).The 2004Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act, intended to encourage private space vehicles and ervices, prohibits the transportation secretary (and thereby the FAA.from regulating the design or operation of private spacecraft, unless they have resulted in a serious or fatal injury to crew or. assengers.T at means that the FAA could suspend Virgin Galactic's licence to fly. It could also insiston checking private manned spacecraft as thoroughly as it does commercial aircraft. While that may: make suborbital travel safer, it would add significant cost and complexity to an emerging industry that has until now operated largely as the playground of billionaires and dreamy engineers.How Virgin Galactic, regulators and the public respond to this most recent tragedy will determine whether and how soon private space travel can transcend that playground. There is no doubt that space flight entails risks, and to pioneer a new mode of travel is to face those risks, and to reduce them. with the benefit of hard-won experience.61.What is said about the failure of VSS Enterprise?A.It may lead to the bankruptcy of Virgin Galactic.B.It has a strong negative impact on space tourism.C.It may discourage rich people from space travel.D.It has aroused public attention to safety issues.62.What do we learn about the space-tourism firm Virgin Galactic?A.It has just built a craft for commercial flights.B.It has sent half a dozen passengers into space.C.It was about ready to start regular business.D.It is the first to launch "suborbital" flights.63.What is the purpose of the 2004 Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act?A.To ensure space travel safety.B.To limit the FAA's functions.C.To legalize private space explorations.D.To promote the space tourism industry.64.What might the FAA do after the recent accident in California?A.Impose more rigid safety standards.B.Stop certifying new space-tourist agencies.C.Amend its 2004 Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act.D.Suspend Virgin Galactic's licence to take passengers into space.65.What does the author think of private space travel?A.It is worth promoting despite the risks involved.B.It should not be confined to the rich only.C.It should be strictly regulated.。

2015年12月英语六级真题及答案三套完整版2015 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题(一)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should focus on the impact of social networking websites on reading. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.My favorite book is Facebook *.”Facebook is the name of a social networkingwebsite. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。

Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections：In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) , B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。

2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案与详解PartⅠWriting结构框图：一、第1段描述图画内容并介绍图中人物观点。

二、第2段分析网络误导性信息的危害——网络误导性信息会使人养成坏习惯，甚至犯罪；网络误导性信息会造成个人和政府的信任危机，并举例说明。

三、第3段提出建议一采取措施来防止我们被垃圾信息误导，并提出个人见解。

The Harm Caused by Misleading Information OnlineAs is revealed in the picture,a man is sitting in front of a computer searching information from the Internet, while a woman is standing by the door,holding a cup of coffee.The most striking feature is the caption under the picture,which reads“I just feel unfortunate to live in a world with so much misleading information!”With a large amount of information coming up,the severity of misleading information arises.Unfortunately, if we lack the ability to distinguish the true information from the misleading one,we will finally fall prey to it, because the misleading information may get people into bad habits,even make them commit crimes.Numerous network fraud is a living example.In addition,there may be a trust crisis between individuals and the government, if we cannot correct the misleading news as soon as possible.For instance,the nuclear leakage in Japan in2011 has caused great panic in Eastern China,where thousands of people went out to rob salt after the rumor that salt has an effect of anti-radiation,which brought about turbulence in the domestic market.From what have been discussed above,it is therefore,necessary that some effective measures be taken to prevent ourselves from being misled by junk information.And in my opinion,learning to identify the authenticity of information online is the most practical measure.PartⅡListening Comprehension1.听力原文：W:I was shocked to hear of your wife’s illness.Is she going to be all right?M：At first,the doctors weren’t sure,but she’s really improved.She’ll be home next week.Q:What do we learn about the man’s wife from the conversation?【精析】D)。

2015 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题( 第 3 套 )Part I Writing(30minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picturebelow.You should focus on the harm causedby misleading information online.You arerequired to write at least 150 words butno more than 200 words.PartⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)听力音频地址：/attached/media/20160512/20160512175650_9309.mp3Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear8 short conversations and 2 long conversations.At the endof each conversation, one or more questions will be askedabout what was said.Both theconversation and the questions will be spoken onlyonce.After each question there will bea pause.During the pause, you must read thefour choices marked A),B), C.and D),and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet I with a single line through the centre.1.A.She has completely recovered.B.She went into shock after an operation.C.She is still in a critical condition.D.She is getting much better.2.A.Ordering a breakfast.B.Booking a hotel room.C.Buying a train ticket.D.Fixing a compartment.3.A.Most borrowers never returned the books to her.B.The man is the only one who brought her book back.C.She never expected anyone to return the books to her.D.Most of the books she lent out came back without jackets.4.A.She left her work early to get some bargains last Saturday.B.She attended the supermarket's grand opening ceremony.C.She drove a full hour before finding a parking space.D.She failed to get into the supermarket last Saturday.5.A.He is bothered by the pain in his neck.B.He cannot do his report without a computer.C.He cannot afford to have a coffee break.-D.He feels sorry to have missed the report.6.A.Only top art students can show their works in the gallery.B.The gallery space is big enough for the man's paintings.C.The woman would like to help with the exhibition layout.D.The man is uncertain how his art works will be received.7.A.The woman needs a temporary replacement for her assistant.B.The man works in the same department as the woman does.C.The woman will have to stay in hospital for a few days.D.The man is capable of dealing with difficult people.8.A.It was better than the previous one.B.It distorted the mayor's speech.C.It exaggerated the city's economic problems.D.It reflected the opinions of most economists.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9.A.To inform him of a problem they face.B.To request him to purchase control desks.C.To discuss the content of a project report.D.To ask him to flX the dictating machine.10.A.They quote the best price in the market.B.They manufacture and sell office furniture.C.They cannot deliver the steel sheets on time.D.They cannot produce the steel sheets needed.11.A.By marking down the trait price.B.By accepting the penalty clauses.C.By allowing more time for delivery.D.By promising better after-sales service.12.A.Give the customer a ten percent discount.B.Claim compensation from the steel suppliers.C.Ask the Buying Department to change suppliers.D.Cancel the contract with the customer.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.13.A.Stockbroker.B.Physicist.C.Mathematician.D.Economist.14.A.Improve computer programming.B.Explain certain natural phenomena.C.Predict global population growth.D.Promote national financial health.15.A.Their different educational backgrounds.B.Changing attitudes toward nature.C.Chaos theory and its applications.D.The current global economic crisis.Section BDirections : In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.At the end of eachpassage, you will hearsome questions.Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once.After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B),C.and D ).Then mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 1 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16.A.They lay great emphasis on hard work.B.They name 150 star engineers each year.C.They require high academic degrees.D.They have people with a very high IQ.17.A.Long years of job training.B.High emotional intelligence.C.Distinctive academic qualifications.D.Devotion to the advance of science.18.A.Good interpersonal relationships.B.Rich working experience.C.Sophisticated equipment.D.High motivation.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19.A.A diary.B.A fairy tale.C.A history textbook.D.A biography.20.A.He was a sports fan.B.He loved adventures.C.He disliked school.D.He liked hair-raising stories.21.A.Encourage people to undertake adventures.B.Publicize his colorful and unique life stories.C.Raise people's environmental awareness.D.Attract people to America's national parks.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22.A.The first infected victim.B.A coastal village in Africa.C.The doctor who lust identified it.D.A river running through the Congo.23.A.They exhibit similar symptoms.B.They can be treated with the same drug.C.They have almost the same mortality rate.D.They have both disappeared for good.24.A.By inhaling air polluted with the virus.B.By contacting contaminated body fluids.C.By drinking water from the Congo River.D.By eating food grown in Sudan and Zalre.25.A.More strains will evolve from the Ebola virus.B.Scientists will eventually fred cures for Ebola.C.Another Ebola epidemic may erupt sooner or later.D.Once infected, one will become immune to Ebola.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times.When the passageis read for the irst time, you should listen carefully for its general idea.Whenthe passage is read forthe second time,you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have justheard.Finally,when the passage is read for the thirdtime, you should check what youhave written.The ideal companion machine would not only look,feel,and sound friendly but would also beprogrammed to behave in an agreeable manner.Those26that make interaction with other peopleenjoyable would be simulated as closely as possible,and the machine would27 charming,stimulating, and easygoing.Its informalconversational style would make interaction comfortable, andyet the machine wouldremain slightly 28 and therefore interesting.In its first encounter it mightbesomewhat hesitant and unassuming,but as it came to know the user it would progress to a more 29and intimate style.The machine would not be a passive30but would add its ownsuggestions,information,and opinions;it would sometimes31 developing or changing the topicand would have a personality of its own.The machine would convey presence:We have all seen how a computer's use of personal namesoften 32people and leads them to treat the machine as if it were almosthuman.Such features areeasily written into the software.By introducing33 forcefulness and humor,the machine could bepresented as a vivid and unique character.Friendships are not made in a day, and the computer would be more acceptable as afriend if it 34the gradual changes that occur when one person is getting to knowanother.At an35timeit might also express the kind of affection that stimulates attachment and intimacy.Part m Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are requiredto select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices. Eachchoice in the bank isidentified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letterfor each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.You may notuse any of the words in thebank more than once.Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.As it is,sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor.Plus, we live in a culture that 36to the late-nighter, from 24-hourgrocery stores to onlineshopping sites that never close.It's no surprise,then,that more than half of American adults don't getthe7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as 37by sleep experts.Whether or not we can catch up on sleep--on the weekend,say--is a hotly38topicamongsleep researchers.The latest evidence suggests that while it isn't 39 , itmight help.When Liu, theUCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought40 sleep-restricted people into the labfor a weekend of sleep during which theylogged about 10 hours per night, they showed 41in theability of insulin (胰岛素 ) to process blood sugar.That suggests that catch-up sleep may undo somebut not all of the damage that sleep 42causes,which is encouraging,given how many adults don'tget the hours they need each night.Still, Liu isn't43toendorse the habit of sleeping less andmaking up for it later.Sleeping pills,while helpful for some, are not 44an effective remedy either."A sleeping pillwill 45 one area of the brain, but there's never going to be aperfect sleeping pill, because youcouldn't really replicate (复制 ) the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of the brainto go through the different stages of sleep," says Dr.Nancy Collop, director of the Emory UniversitySleepCenter.A.alternativelyB.catersC.chronicallyD.debatedE.deprivationF.idealG.improvementsH.necessarilyI.negotiatedJ.pierceK.presumptionL.readyM.recommendedN.surpassesO.targetSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statementsattached to it.Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived.You maychoose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answerthe questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Climate change may be real, but it's still not easy being greenHow do we convince our inner caveman to be greener? We ask some outstanding social scientists.[A] The road to climate hell is paved with our good intentions.Politicians may tackle polluters whilescientists do battle with carbon emissions.But the most pervasiveproblem is less obvious: ourown behaviour.We get distracted before we can turn down the heating.We break our promise notto fly after hearing about a neighbour's tripto India.Ultimately,we can't be bothered to changeour attitude.Fortunately for the planet, social science and behavioural economics may be able todo that for us.[B]Despite mournful polar beats and charts showing carbon emissions soaring, most people find ithard to believe that global warming will affect them personally.Recent polls by the Pew ResearchCentre in Washington, DC, found that 75-80 per cent ofparticipants regarded climate change as animportant issue.But respondents rankedit last on a list of priorities.[C]This inconsistency largely stems from a feeling of powerlessness."When we can't actually removethe source of our fear,we tend to adapt psychologically by adopting a range of defencemechanisms,"says Tom Crompton,change strategist for the environmental organisation WorldWide Fund for Nature.[ D] Part of the fault lies with our inner caveman.Evolution has programmed humansto pay mostattention to issues that will have an immediate impact."We worry mostabout now because if wedon't survive for the next minute,we're not going to be around in ten years' time,"says ProfessorElke Weber of the Centre for Research on Environmental Decisions at Columbia University in NewYork.If the Thames were lapping around Big Ben, Londoners would face up to the problem ofemissions pretty quickly.Butin practice, our brain discounts the risks--and benefits--associatedwith issuesthat lie some way ahead.[E]Matthew Rushworth, of the Department of Experimental Psychology at the University of Oxford,sees this in his lab every day."One of the ways in which allagents seem to make decisions is thatthey assign a lower weighting to outcomes that are going to be further away in the future," hesays."This is a very sensible way for an animal to make decisions in the wild and would havebeen very helpful for humans for thousands of years."[F]Not any longer.By the time we wake up to the threat posed by climate change,it could well betoo late.And ff we're not going to make rational decisions aboutthe future, others may have tohelp us to do so.[G] Few political libraries are without a copy of Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealthand Happiness, by Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein.They argue thatgovernments shouldpersuade us into making better decisions--such as saving more in our pension plans--by changingthe default options.Professor Weber believes thatenvironmental policy can make use of similartactics.If,for example, building codes included green construction guidelines,most developerswould be too lazy to challenge them.[H] Defaults are certainly part of the solution.But social scientists are mostconcerned about craftingmessages that exploit our group mentality(,~,~ )."We need to understand what motivatespeople, what it is that allows them to make change,"says Professor Neil Adger, of the TyndallCentre for Climate Change Research inNorwich."It is actually about what their peers think ofthem,what their social norms are, what is seen as desirable in society." In other words, ourinner caveman iscontinually looking over his shoulder to see what the rest of the tribe are up to.[I ] The passive attitude we have to climate change as individuals can be altered bycounting us in--and measuring us against--our peer group."Social norms are primitive and elemental," says Dr.Robert Cialdini, author of Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion."Birds flock together,fishschool together,cattle herd together...justperceiving norms is enough to cause people to adjusttheir behaviour in the directionof the crowd."[J] These norms can take us beyond good intentions.Cialdini conducted a study inSan Diego inwhich coat hangers bearing messages about saving energy were hung onpeople's doors.Some ofthe messages mentioned the environment,some financial savings,others social responsibility.Butit was the ones that mentioned the actions of neighbours that drove down power use.[K]Other studies show that simply providing the facility for people to compare their energy use withthe local average is enough to cause them to modify their behaviour.The Conservatives plan toadopt this strategy by making utility companies print the average local electricity and gas usage onpeople's bills.[L]Social science can also teach politicians how to avoid our collective capacity for serf-destructivebehaviour.Environmental campaigns that tell us how many people drive SUVs unwittingly( 不经意的 ) imply that this behaviour is widespread and thus permissible.Cialdini recommends somecareful framing of the message."Instead ofnormalising the undesirable behaviour, the messageneeds to marginalise it, forexample, by stating that if even one person buys yet another SUV, itreduces ourability to be energy-independent."[M]Tapping into how we already see ourselves is crucial.The most successful environmental strategywill marry the green message to our own sense of identity.Take your average trade unionmember, chances are they will be politically motivated and be used to collective action--muchlike Erica Gregory.A retired member of the Public and Commercial Services Union, she is settingup one of1,i00action groups with the support of Climate Solidarity, a two-year environmentalcampaign aimed at tradeunionists.[N] Erica is proof that a great-grandmother can help to lead the revolution if youget the psychologyright--in this case,by matching her enthusiasm for the environment with a fondness for organisinggroups."I think it's a terrific idea,"she says of the campaign."The union backing it makesmembers think there must besomething in it."She is expecting up to20 people at the firstmeeting she has called,at her local pub in the Cornish village of Polperro.[O]Nick Perks, project director for Climate Solidarity, believes this sort of activityis where the futureof environmental action lies. "Using existing civil societystructures or networks is a more effective way of creating change.., andobviously trade unions are one of the biggest civil societynetworks in the UK,"he says. The " Love Food, Hate Waste" campaign entered into acollaboration last yearwith another such network--the Women's Institute.Londoner Rachel Taylorjoined the campaign with the aim of making new friends.A year on, the meetings have madelasting changes to what she throws away in her kitchen."It's always more of an incentive if you'redoing it with other people,"she says."It motivates you more if you know that you've got toprovide feedback to a group."[P]The power of such simple psychology in fighting climate change is attractingattention across thepolitical establishment.In the US, the House of Representatives Science Committee has approveda bill allocating $10 million a year to studyingenergy-related behaviour.In the UK,new studiesare in development and social scientists are regularly spotted in British government offices.Withthe help ofpsychologists, there is fresh hope that we might go green after all.46.When people find they are powerless to change a situation,they tend to live with it.47.To be effective, environmental messages should be carefully framed.48.It is the government's responsibility to persuade people into making environment-friendly decisions.49.Politicians are beginning to realise the importance of enlisting psychologists' help in fighting climatechange.50.To find effective solutions to climate change, it is necessary to understand what motivates people to make change.51.In their evolution,humans have learned to pay attention to the most urgent issues instead of long-term concerns.52.One study shows that our neighbours' actions are influential in changing ourbehaviour.53.Despite clear signs of global warming,it is not easy for most people to believe climate change will affect their own lives.54.We should take our future into consideration in making decisions concerningclimate change before it is too late.55.Existing social networks can be more effective in creating change in people'sbehaviour.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by somequestions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices markedA), B), C.andD ).You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspondingletter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.More than a decade ago, cognitive scientists John Bransford and Daniel Schwartz,both then atVanderbilt University,found that what distinguished young adults from children was not the ability toretain facts or apply prior knowledge to a newsituation but a quality they called"preparation for futurelearning."The researchers asked fifth graders and college students to create a recovery plan toprotectbald eagles from extinction. Shockingly, the two groups came up with plansof similar quality(although the college students had better spelling skills).From the standpoint of a traditionaleducator,this outcome indicated that schooling had failed to help students think about ecosystems andextinction, major scientificideas.The researchers decided to go deeper, however.They asked both groups to generate questionsabout important issues needed to create recovery plans.On this task,they found large differences.College students focused on critical issues of interdependence between eagles and their hab/tats ( 栖息地 ).Fifth graders tended to focus on features of individual eagles ( "How big are they?" and "What dotheyeat?" ).The college students had cultivated the ability to ask questions, thecornerstone of criticalthinking.They had learned how to learn.Museums and other institutions of informal learning may be better suited to teachthis skill than elementary and secondary schools.At the Exploratorium in San Francisco, we recently studied howlearning to ask good questions can affect thequality of people's scientific inquiry.We found that whenwe taught participants to ask "What if?"and "How can?" questions that nobody present would knowthe answer to and that would spark exploration, they engaged in betterinquiry at the next exhibit--asking more questions,performing more experiments and making better interpretations of their results.Specifically,their questions became more comprehensive at the new exhibit.Rather than merely askingabout something they wanted to try,they tended to include both cause and effect in their question.Asking juicy questions appears to be a transferable skill for deepening collaborativeinquiry into thescience content found in exhibits.This type of learning is not confined to museumsor institutional rmal learningenvironments tolerate failure better than schools.Perhaps many teachershave too little time to allowstudents to form and pursue their own questions andtoo much ground to cover in the curriculum.Butpeople must acquire this skill somewhere.Our society depends on them being able to make criticaldecisions abouttheir own medical treatment, say, or what we must do about global energy needsanddemands.For that,we have a robust informal learning system that gives no grades, takes all comers,and is available even on holidays and weekends.56.What is traditional educators'interpretation of the research outcome mentioned in the first paragraph ?A.Students are not able to apply prior knowledge to new problems.B.College students are no better than fifth graders in memorizing facts.cation has not paid enough attention to major environmental issues.cation has failed to lead students to think about major scientific ideas.57.In what way are college students different from children?A.They have learned to think critically.B.They are concerned about social issues.C.They are curious about specific features.D.They have learned to work independently.58.What is the benefit of asking questions with no ready answers?A.It arouses students' interest in things around them.B.It cultivates students' ability to make scientific inquiries.C.It trains students' ability to design scientific experiments.D.It helps students realize not every question has an answer.59.What is said to be the advantage of informal learning?A.It allows for failures.B.It is entertaining.C.It charges no tuition.D.It meets practical needs.60.What does the author seem to encourage educators to do at the end of the passage?A.Train students to think about global issues.B.Design more interactive classroom activities.C.Make full use of informal learning resources.D.Include collaborative inquiry in the curriculum.Passage TwoQuestions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage."There's an old saying in the space world:amateurs talk about technology, professionals talkabout insurance." In an interview last year with The Economist,George Whitesides,chief executive ofspace-tourism fu'm Virgin Galactic,was placing his company in the latter category.But insurance willbe cold comfort following the failure on October 31st of VSS Enterprise, resulting in the death of onepilot and the severe injury to another.On top of the tragic loss of life,the accident in California will cast a long shadow over the future of space tourism, even before it has properly begun.The notion of space tourism took hold in 2001 with a $ 20 million flight aboard a Russianspacecraft by Dennis Tito,a millionaire engineer with an adventurous streak.Just haft a dozen holiday-makers have reached orbit since then,for similarly astronomical price tags.But more recently,companies have begun to plan more affordable "suborbital" flights--briefer ventures just to the edge ofspace's vastdarkness.Virgin Galactic had, prior to this week's accident, seemed closest tostartingregular flights.The company has already taken deposits from around 800would-be space tourists,including Stephen Hawking.After being dogged by technical delays for years, Sir Richard Branson, VirginGalactic's founder,had recently suggested that a SpaceShipTwo craft would carry its first paying customers as soon asFebruary 2015.That now seems an impossible timeline. In July,a sister craft of the crashedspaceplane was reported to be about half-finished.The other half will have to walt,as authorities ofAmerica's Federal Aviation Administration(FAA.and National Transportation Safety Board work out:what went wrong.In the meantime, the entire space tourism industry will be on tenterhooks (坐立不安 ).The2004Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act,intended to encourage private space vehicles andservices, prohibits the transportation secretary (andthereby the FAA.from regulating the design oroperation of private spacecraft,unless they have resulted in a serious or fatal injury to crew or.passengers.That meansthat the FAA could suspend Virgin Galactic's licence to fly.It could also insiston checking private manned spacecraft as thoroughly as it does commercial aircraft.While that may:make suborbital travel safer,it would add significant cost and complexity to an emerging industry thathas until now operated largely as theplayground of billionaires and dreamy engineers.How Virgin Galactic,regulators and the public respond to this most recent tragedy will determinewhether and how soon private space travel can transcend that playground.There is no doubt that space flight entails risks, and to pioneer a new mode of travel is to face those risks,and to reduce them.with the benefit of hard-won experience.61.What is said about the failure of VSS Enterprise?A.It may lead to the bankruptcy of Virgin Galactic.B.It has a strong negative impact on space tourism.C.It may discourage rich people from space travel.D.It has aroused public attention to safety issues.62.What do we learn about the space-tourism firm Virgin Galactic?A.It has just built a craft for commercial flights.B.It has sent half a dozen passengers into space.C.It was about ready to start regular business.D.It is the first to launch "suborbital" flights.63.What is the purpose of the 2004 Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act?A.To ensure space travel safety.B.To limit the FAA's functions.C.To legalize private space explorations.D.To promote the space tourism industry.64.What might the FAA do after the recentaccident in California?A.Impose more rigid safety standards.B.Stop certifying new space-tourist agencies.C.Amend its 2004 Commercial Space Launch Amendments Act.D.Suspend Virgin Galactic's licence to take passengers into space.65.What does the author think of private space travel?A.It is worth promoting despite the risks involved.B.It should not be confined to the rich only.C.It should be strictly regulated.D.It is too risky to carry on.Part IV Translation(30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.在帮助国际社会于2030 年前消除极端贫困过程中，中国正扮演着越来越重要的角色。

2015年12月大学英语六级考试答案与解析(第3套)P a r t I W r i t i n gʌ范文ɔA sw ec a ns e ef r o m t h e p i c t u r e,a p a i ro fl o v e r si sd i s c u s s i n g a b o u tr e a d i n g.T oo u r a m u s e m e n t,t h e b o y s a y s h i sf a v o r i t e b o o ki s F a c e b o o k.W h i l et h e p i c t u r ei ss e e m i n g l y h u m o r o u s a n dr i d i c u l o u s,i t i s t h o u g h t-p r o v o k i n g o ns e c o n dt h o u g h t,i n t e n d i n g t o i n f o r m u s t h a t t h e I n t e r n e t h a s e x e r t e d a n i m p o r t a n t i m p a c t o no u r d a i l y r e a d i n g.O p i n i o n s v a r y w h e n i t c o m e s t o t h e i m p a c t o f s o c i a l n e t w o r k i n g w e b s i t e s o n r e a d i n g.S o m e p e o p l e i n s i s t t h a t s o c i a ln e t w o r k i n g w e b s i t e s p r o v i d e l a r g ec o l l e c t i o n so f i n f o r m a t i o na t g r e a t s p e e d a n ds t i m u l a t eo u rr e a d i n g i n t e r e s t.O nt h eo t h e rh a n d,s o m e p e o p l ec l a i mt h a t i t i sa c o mm o n p h e n o m e n o nt h a t y o u n g s t e r ss p e n dt o o m u c ht i m er e a d i n g o n s o c i a ln e t w o r k i n g w e b s i t e s,a n di ti st h e s e w e b s i t e s m a k et e e n a g e r sh a v el e s so p p o r t u n i t i e so rt i m et or e a d t r a d i t i o n a l b o o k s.T h e r e i s a s a y i n gg o e s l i k e t h i s, E v e r y c o i nh a s t w os i d e s .S o t h e r e i sn os u r p r i s e t h a t t h e r e a r e d i f f e r e n t o p i n i o n s o n t h e i m p a c t o f s o c i a l n e t w o r k i n g w e b s i t e so nr e a d i n g.H o w e v e r, I,a s a c o l l e g es t u d e n t,a mc o n v i n c e dt h a t i t i sn e c e s s a r y f o ru s t or e a do ns o c i a ln e t w o r k i n g w e b s i t e s,b u t i t i sa l s oo f g r e a t e rn e c e s s i t y f o ru st or e a dt r a d i t i o n a lb o o k s,b e c a u s es o c i a l n e t w o r k i n g w e b s i t e sa r e j u s t t o o l sa n dah e a v y d e p e n d e n c eo ni tw i l lb r i n g m o r eh a r mt h a n g o o d.P a r t I I L i s t e n i n g C o m p r e h e n s i o n1~5:D C A C C6~10:B B A C A11~15:A B A D B16~20:C A D A C21~25:B D B C AS e c t i o nAC o n v e r s a t i o nO n eW:Y o uk n o w,I v e o f t e nw o n d e r e dw h y p e o p l e l a u g h a t t h e p i c t u r e o f a b i g b e l l y b u s i n e s s m a n s l i p p i n g o nab a n a n a s k i na n d f a l l i n g o nh i s b o t t o m.W e a r e t o f e e l s o r r y f o r h i m. M:A c t u a l l y,L a u r a,I t h i n kw e l a u g hb e c a u s ew ea r e g l a d i td i d n th a p p e nt ou s.[1]B u t o f c o u r s et h e r ei sa l s oak i n do fh u m o r o u ss a t i s f a c t i o ni ns e e i n g s o m e b o d y s e l f-i m p o r t a n t m a k i n g a f o o l o f t h e m s e l v e s.W:Y e s,a n dt h e n t h e r e a r e al o to f j o k e sa b o u t p e o p l e w h o a r et o of a t o r p h y s i c a l l y h a n d i c a p p e d,y o uk n o w,d e a f,o r s h o r t-s i g h t e d,t h i n g s l i k e t h a t.A f t e r a l l,i t s n o t r e a l l y f u n n y t ob e l i k e t h a t.M:O h,I t h i n k[2]t h a t sb e c a u s ew e r e e m b a r r a s s e d.W ed o n tk n o wh o wt oc o p ew i t ht h e s i t u a t i o n.P e r h a p sw e a r e e v e nab i t f r i g h t e n e dw em i g h t g e t l i k e t h a t,s ow e l a u g h.W h a t a b o u t t h e c u s t a r d p i e r o u t i n e?M:O h,y o uk n o w,a l l t h o s eo l df i l m sw h e r es o m e b o d yg e t ss oo u t r a g e d w i t hh i sb o s s,h e p i c k su p a c u s t a r d p i e a n d p l a s t e r s i t a l l o v e r t h e o t h e r p e r s o n s f a c e.W:T h a t n e v e rm a k e sm e l a u g hv e r y m u c h,b e c a u s e y o u c a n g u e s s i t s g o i n g t oh a p p e n.B u t a l o t o f p e o p l e s t i l l f i n d i t l a u g h a b l e,[3]I tm u s t b e b e c a u s e i t s t h e s o r t o f t h e t h i n g w e d a l l l o v e t od oo n c e i naw h i l e a n dn e v e r q u i t eh a v e t h e c o u r a g e t o.M:Ih a da no l da u n t w h ou s e dt ot h r o w c u p so ft e aa t p e o p l e w h e ns h e w a s p a r t i c u l a r l y i r r i t a t e d.[4]S h e s a i d i t r e l i e v e dh e r f e e l i n g s.W:I tm u s t h a v e c o m e ab i t e x p e n s i v e.M:N o t r e a l l y.S h e t o o kc a r en e v e r t o t h r o wh e r b e s t c h i n a.Q u e s t i o n s1t o4w i l l b e b a s e do n t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n y o uh a v e j u s t h e a r d.1.答案 DW h y d o e s t h em a n s a y w e l a u g hw h e nw e s e e s o m e s e l f-i m p o r t a n t p e o p l em a k i n g f o o l s o f t h e m s e l v e s?A)W ew i s h t o h i d e o u r i n d i f f e r e n c e t o t h e i rm i s f o r t u n e.B)W e s i m p l y c a n n o t h e l p r e a c t i n g i n s t i n c t i v e l y t h a tw a y.C)W et h i n ki ts e r v e st h e m r i g h tf o rb e i n g m e a nt oo t h e r p e o p l e.D)W ed e r i v es o m eh u m o r o u ss a t i s f a c t i o nf r o m t h e i rm i s f o r t u n e.男士说当我们看到一些妄自尊大人出洋相时会笑的原因是?A)我们想要隐藏对他们不幸的冷漠㊂B)我们只是禁不住本能的反应㊂C)我们认为这是他们对他人不友好应得的㊂D)我们从他们的不幸中获得某种幽默的满足㊂解析:女士说人们看到一个大腹便便的商人踩在香蕉皮上滑倒会捧腹大笑,男士则解释其原因是,因为人们庆幸遇到倒霉事的不是自己以及人们看到自大的人出洋相会有种幽默的满足㊂由此可知,选项D为正确答案㊂2.答案 CW h y d os o m e p e o p l e j o k ea b o u t t h o s e w h oa r ef a to r h a n d i c a p p e d a c c o r d i n g t o t h em a n?A)T h e y w a n t t o s h o wt h e i r g e n u i n e s y m p a t h y.B)T h e y h a v eh a d s i m i l a r p e r s o n a l e x p e r i e n c e s.C)T h e y d o n t k n o wh o wt o c o p ew i t h t h e s i t u a t i o n.D)T h e y d o n tw a n t t o r e v e a l t h e i r o w n f r u s t r a t i o n.根据男士所说,一些人为什么拿那些肥胖或残疾的人开玩笑?A)他们想要表明真诚的同情㊂B)他们有过相似的个人经历㊂C)他们不知如何应付这些情况㊂D)他们不想暴露自己的沮丧㊂解析:女士说还有很多关于胖子和残疾人的笑话,但其实这是不可笑的㊂男士说这些笑话背后的原因也许是因为人们觉得别扭,不知该如何面对这些情况,有时人们甚至会害怕自己变成那样,才会用笑声掩盖担心㊂由此可知,选项C为正确答案㊂3.答案 AW h y d o m a n y p e o p l ef i n di tf u n n y t o s e es o m e o n e t h r o w i n g a c u s t a r d p i e o n t h e i r b o s s s f a c e?A)T h e y t h e m s e l v e sw o u l d l i k e t o d o i t b u t d o n t d a r e t o.B)I t s a no p p o r t u n i t y f o r r e l i e v i n g t h e i r t e n s i o n.C)T h e y h a v e s e e n t h i sm a n y t i m e s i no l d f i l m s.为什么许多人认为看到有人向他们老板的脸上仍蛋奶派场景很好笑?A)他们想这样做但不敢做㊂B)这是缓解紧张情绪的机会㊂C)这种场景在老电影中出现过很多次㊂D)I t s a r a r e c h a n c e f o r t h e mt o s e e t h e b o s s l o s e f a c e.D)看到老板丢脸的机会不多㊂解析:男士提到电影里经典搞笑场景之一是生气的员工拿蛋奶派扔到老板的脸上㊂女士分析说,人们看到此类场景发笑的原因可能是人人都希望这么做却都没有勇气㊂由此可知,选项A 为正确答案㊂4.答案 CW h y d i dt h em a n sa u n t s a y s h ew o u l dt h r o wc u p so f t e a a t p e o p l e o c c a s i o n a l l y?A)T o i r r i t a t e t h e m.B)T o t e a c h t h e ma l e s s o n.C)T o r e l i e v eh e r f e e l i n g s.D)T o s h o wh e r c o u r a g e.为什么男士的姑姑说她偶尔会向别人扔茶杯?A)为了激怒他们㊂B)为了教训他们㊂C)为了缓和她的情绪㊂D)为了展示她的勇气㊂解析:男士说他有一位生气时爱仍茶杯的老姑姑,据她说这样做会让她感觉好受一些㊂由此可知,选项C为正确答案㊂C o n v e r s a t i o nT w oM:C a nw em a k e y o ua no f f e r?[5]W ew o u l d l i k e t o r u n t h e c a m p a i g n f o r f o u r e x t r aw e e k s. W:W e l l,c a nw es u mm a r i z e t h e p r o b l e mf r o m o u r p o i n to fv i e w?F i r s to f a l l,t h ec a m p a i g n w a s l a t e.I t m i s s e dt w oi m p o r t a n tt r a d ef a i r s.T h ea d sa l s od i dn o ta p p e a ri nt w ok e y m a g a z i n e s.A s a r e s u l t,t h e c a m p a i g n f a i l e d.D o y o u a c c e p tt h a ts u mm a r y o f w h a t h a p p e n e d?M:W e l l,t h ed e l a y w a s n te n t i r e l y o u r f a u l t.[6]Y o ud i di nf a c t m a k el a t ec h a n g e st ot h e s p e c i f i c a t i o n s o f t h e a d v e r t i s e m e n t s.W:Hmm a c t u a l l y,y o uw e r e l a t ew i t h t h e i n i t i a l p r o p o s a l s,s ow e h a d v e r y l i t t l e t i m e,a n d i n f a c t,w e o n l y a s k e d f o r s m a l l c h a n g e s.M:W e l l,w h a t e v e r,c a nw e r e p e a t o u r o f f e r t o r u n t h e c a m p a i g n f o r f o u r e x t r aw e e k s? W:T h a t s n o t r e a l l y t h e p o i n t.T h e c a m p a i g n m i s s e d t w ok e y t r a d e f a i r s b e c a u s eo f t h i sw e a r e a s k i n gy o ue i t h e r t o r e p e a t t h e c a m p a i g nn e x t y e a r f o r f r e e,o r[7]w e o n l yp a y50%o f t h e f e e f o r t h i s y e a r.M:C o u l dw e s u g g e s t a20%r e d u c t i o n t o t h e f e e,t o g e t h e rw i t ht h e f o u rw e e k s e x t e n s i o n t o t h e c a m p a i g n?W:W e a r en o t h a p p y.W e l o s t b u s i n e s s.M:I t h i n kw eb o t hm a d em i s t a k e s.T h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y i s o nb o t hs i d e s.W:O K.L e t s s u g g e s t an e ws o l u t i o n:h o wa b o u t a40%c u t i n f e e o r a f r e e r e p e a t c a m p a i g n? M:W e l l,[8]l e t s t a k e a b r e a k.W e r e n o t g e t t i n g v e r y f a r.P e r h a p sw e s h o u l d t h i n k a b o u t t h i s. Q u e s t i o n s5t o8a r e b a s e do n t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n y o uh a v e j u s t h e a r d.5.答案 CW h a t d ow e l e a r na b o u t t h em a n s c o m p a n y?A)I t p u b l i s h e sm a g a z i n e s.B)I t s p o n s o r s t r a d e f a i r s.关于男士的公司,我们了解到了什么?A)出版杂志㊂B)赞助贸易展销会㊂C)I t r u n s s a l e s p r o m o t i o n c a m p a i g n s.D)I t i s e n g a g e d i n p r o d u c t d e s i g n.C)经营促销活动㊂D)参与产品设计㊂解析:男士第一句就提到了关键词r u n t h e c a m p a i g n,再结合后面女士提到的活动举办太迟以及错过重要交易会㊁没有刊登在主要杂志上等,可知男士的公司专门从事的是销售策划活动㊂由此可知,选项C为正确答案㊂6.答案 BW h y w a s t h e c a m p a i g nd e l a y e d a c c o r d i n g t o t h em a n?A)T h e a d s p e c i f i c a t i o n s h a dn o t b e e n g i v e n i nd e t a i l.B)T h ew o m a n s c o m p a n y m a d e l a s t-m i n u t e c h a n g e s.C)T h ew o m a n sc o m p a n y f a i l e dt o m a k e p a y m e n t s i nt i m e.D)O r g a n i s i n g t h e p r o m o t i o nw a s r e a l l y t i m e-c o n s u m i n g.根据男士所说,活动推迟的原因是?A)没有给出详细的广告规格㊂B)女士的公司在最后时刻做了些修改㊂C)女士的公司未能及时付款㊂D)举办活动的确很耗时间㊂解析:男士说活动受耽搁不只是自己公司方面的失误,女士所在的公司到最后时刻还在对广告进行修改这才耽搁㊂由此可知,选项B为正确答案㊂7.答案 BW h a t d i d t h e w o m a n p r o p o s e a s a s o l u t i o n t o t h e p r o b l e m?A)E x t e n d t h e c a m p a i g n t on e x t y e a r.B)C u t t h e f e eb y h a l f f o r t h i s y e a r.C)R u na n o t h e r f o u r-w e e kc a m p a i g n.D)G i v eh e r a10p e r c e n t d i s c o u n t.女士建议什么作为问题的解决方案?A)延长该活动到明年㊂B)减少今年一半的费用㊂C)举办另一个为期四周的活动㊂D)给她10%的打折优惠㊂解析:女士提出两种选择方案:一个是明年免费帮其举办推广活动;另一个就是只支付50%的费用㊂由此可知,选项B为正确答案㊂8.答案 AW h a td o e st h e m a ns u g g e s t t h e y d oa t t h ee n do f t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n?A)S t o p n e g o t i a t i n g f o r t h e t i m eb e i n g.B)C a l md o w na n dm a k e p e a c e.C)R e f l e c t o n t h e i r r e s p e c t i v em i s t a k e s.D)I m p r o v e t h e i r p r o m o t i o n p l a n s.在对话最后,男士建议他们做什么?A)暂停目前的谈判㊂B)冷静下来言和㊂C)反省各自的错误㊂D)改善促销计划㊂解析:男士最后说 我们休息一下吧,现在看来不会有什么进展㊂ 由此可知,选项A为正确答案㊂S e c t i o nBP a s s a g eO n eT h eU n i v e r s i t y o fT e n n e s s e e sW a l t e r sL i f eS c i e n c e sB u i l d i n g,i s am o d e l a n i m a l f a c i l i t y, s p o t l e s s l y c l e a n,c a r e f u li n o b t a i n i n g p r i o ra p p r o v a lf o re x p e r i m e n t sf r o m a n a n i m a l-c a r e c o mm i t t e e.[9]O f t h e15,000m i c eh o u s e dt h e r e i nat y p i c a l y e a r,m o s t g i v et h e i r l i v e sf o r h u m a n i t y.T h e s e a r e g o o d m i c ea n da s s u c hw o nt h e p r o t e c t i o no f t h ea n i m a l-c a r ec o mm i t t e e.A t a n yg i v e n t i m e,h o w e v e r,s o m em i c e e s c a p e a n d r u n f r e e.T h e s em i c e a r e p e s t s.[10]T h e yc a p t u r ed a n dde s t r o y e d.U s u a l l y,t h i s i s a c c o m p l i s h e db y m e a n sof s t i c k y t r a p s,ak i n do f f l y p a p e r o nw h i c h t h e y b e c o m e i n c r e a s i ng l y s t u c k.B u t th e r e a l p oi n t o f t h e c a u t i o n a r y t a l e,s a y s a n i m a l b e h a v i o r i s tH e r z o g,i s t h a t t h e l a b e l sw e p u t o n t h i n g s c a n a f f e c t o u rm o r a l r e s p o n s e s t o t h e m.U s i n g s t i c kt r a p s,o rt h e m o r ed e a d l y s n a p t r a p s,w o u l db ed e e m e du n a c c e p t a b l ef o rg o o dm i c e.[11]Y e t t h ek i l l i n g o f b a dm i c e r e q u i r e sn o p r i o r a p p r o v a l.O n c e a r e s e a r c ha n i m a lh i t s t h e f l o o r a n db e c o m e s a n e s c a p e e,s a y sH e r z o g,i t sm o r a l s t a n d i n g i s i n s t a n t l y d i m i n i s h e d.[12]I nH e r z o g so w nh o m e,t h e r e w a sa m o r e i r o n i ce x a m p l e:W h e nh i s y o u n g s o n s p e t m o u s eW i l l y d i e d r e c e n t l y,i tw a s a c c o r d e da t e a r f u l c e r e m o n i a l b u r i a l i n t h e g a r d e n.Y e t e v e n a s t h e y m o u r n e d W i l l y,s a y sH e r z o g,h ea n dh i sw i f ew e r e s e t t i n g s n a p t r a p s t ok i l l t h e p e s t m i c e i n t h e i r k i t c h e n.W i t h t h e b a r e c h a n g e i n l a b e l s f r o m p e t t o p e s t,t h e k i t c h e nm i c e o b t a i n e d t o t a l l y d i f f e r e n tm o r a l s t a t u s.Q u e s t i o n s9t o12a r e b a s e do n t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n y o uh a v e j u s t h e a r d.9.答案 CW h a t d o e s t h e p a s s a g e s a y a b o u tm o s t o f t h em i c eu s e d f o r e x p e r i m e n t s?A)T h e y l o o ks p o t l e s s l y c l e a n t h r o u g h o u t t h e i r l i v e s.B)T h e y a r e l o o k e d a f t e r b y a n i m a l-c a r e o r g a n i z a t i o n s.C)T h e y s a c r i f i c e t h e i r l i v e s f o r t h eb e n e f i t o f h u m a n s.D)T h e y a r e l a b e l e d p e t a n i m a l s b y t h e r e s e a r c h e r s.关于大多数用于实验的白鼠,文章说了什么?A)它们一生一尘不染㊂B)它们由动物护理机构照看㊂C)它们为人类奉献了生命㊂D)它们被研究人员标注为宠物㊂解析:文章一开始就提到e x p e r i m e n t s,并说饲养的m i c e大多说为人类奉献了生命㊂由此可知,选项C为正确答案㊂10.答案 AW h y d i d t h e s o-c a l l e db a dm i c eh a v e t ob e c a p t u r e d a n d d e s t r o y e d?A)T h e y m a y a f f e c t t h e r e s u l t s o f e x p e r i m e n t s.B)T h e y m a y b e h a v e a b n o r m a l l y.C)T h e y m a y b r e e do u t o f c o n t r o l.D)T h e y m a y c a u s ed a m a g e t o t h e e n v i r o n m e n t.为什么所谓的害鼠必须被逮捕消灭?A)它们可能会影响实验的结果㊂B)它们的行为可能不正常㊂C)可能无法控制它们繁殖㊂D)它们可能对环境造成危害㊂解析:文章说那些害鼠因为携带病菌可能会影响实验,所以要必须对其进行捕杀㊂由此可知,选项A为正确答案㊂11.答案 AW h e na r em i c ek i l l e dw i t h o u t p r i o r a p p r o v a l?A)W h e n t h e y b e c o m e e s c a p e e s.B)W h e n t h e y a r en o l o n g e r u s e f u l.C)W h e n t h e yg e t t o oo l d.D)W h e n t h e y b e c o m e i l l.何时无需事先征得批准可捕杀害鼠?A)当它们变成 逃犯 时㊂B)当它们不再有用时㊂C)当它们变老时㊂D)当它们生病时㊂解析:原文先说捕杀害鼠无需事先征得批准,紧接着说当它们变成 逃犯 时㊂由此可知,选项A 为正确答案㊂12.答案 BW h y d o e st h es p e a k e rs a y w h a tt h e H e r z o g s d i da t h o m e i s i r o n i c a l?A)W h i l e l a u n c h i n g a n i m a l p r o t e c t i o nc a m p a i g n s,t h e yw e r e t r a p p i n g k i t c h e nm i c e.B)W h i l eh o l d i n g ab u r i a l c e r e m o n y f o ra p e t m o u s e,t h e y w e r ek i l l i n gp e s tm i c e.C)W h i l ea d v o c a t i n g f r e e d o m f o ra n i m a l s,t h e y k e p tt h e i r p e tm o u s e i na c a g e.D)W h i l ec a l l i n g f o ra n i m a l r i g h t s,t h e y a l l o w e dt h e i rk i d s t ok e e pp e t a n i m a l s.为什么说话者说H e r z o g在家中所做的事具有讽刺意味?A)他们一边诱捕厨房的老鼠,一边开展动物保护运动㊂B)他们一边捕杀害鼠,一边为宠物鼠举办葬礼㊂C)他们一边将宠物鼠困在笼子里,提倡动物自由㊂D)他们一边允许孩子养宠物,一边呼吁动物权利㊂解析:原文说,有点讽刺意味的是:H e r z o g小儿子的宠物鼠死掉后全家给它举办葬礼,但H e r z o g 夫妇同时也在捕捉厨房里的害鼠㊂由此可知,选项B为正确答案㊂P a s s a g eT w oT h e r e a r er o u g h l y t h r e eN e w Y o r k s.T h e r e i s,f i r s t,t h eN e w Y o r ko f[13]t h e m a no r w o m a n w h o w a s b o r n h e r e,w h ot a k e st h ec i t y f o r g r a n t e d a n d a c c e p t si t ss i z ea n di t s t u r b u l e n c e a s n a t u r a l a n d i n e v i t a b l e.S e c o n d,t h e r e i s t h eN e w Y o r ko f t h e c o mm u t e r t h e c i t y t h a t i s s w a l l o w e du p b y l o c u s t s e a c hd a y a n d s p a t o u t e a c hn i g h t.T h i r d,t h e r e i s t h eN e w Y o r k o f t h e p e r s o nw h ow a sb o r ns o m e w h e r e e l s e a n d c a m e t oN e w Y o r k i n q u e s t o f s o m e t h i n g.O f t h e s e t h r e e t r e m b l i n g c i t i e s t h e g r e a t e s t i s t h e l a s t t h e c i t y o f f i n a l d e s t i n a t i o n,t h e c i t y t h a t i s a g o a l.I t i s t h i s t h i r d c i t y t h a t a c c o u n t s f o rN e w Y o r k s h i g h-s t r u n g d i s p o s i t i o n,i t s d e d i c a t i o n t ot h e a r t s,a n di t si n c o m p a r a b l e a c h i e v e m e n t s.[14]C o mm u t e r s g i v et h e c i t y i t st i d a l r e s t l e s s n e s s;n a t i v e s g i v ei ts o l i d i t y a n dc o n t i n u i t y;b u tt h es e t t l e r s g i v ei t p a s s i o n.A n d w h e t h e r i t i s a f a r m e r a r r i v i n g f r o mI t a l y t o s e t u p a s m a l l g r o c e r y s t o r e i n a s l u m,o r a y o u n g g i r l a r r i v i n g f r o ma s m a l l t o w n i n M i s s i s s i p p i t oe s c a p e t h e i n d i g n i t y o fb e i n g o b s e r v e db y h e r n e i g h b o r s,o r ab o y a r r i v i n g f r o mt h eC o m B e l tw i t ham a n u s c r i p t i nh i s s u i t c a s e a n d a p a i n i n h i sh e a r t,i tm a k e s n o d i f f e r e n c e:e a c h e m b r a c e sN e w Y o r kw i t h t h e i n t e n s e e x c i t e m e n t o f f i r s t l o v e;[15]e a c h a b s o r b sN e wY o r kw i t h t h e f r e s h e y e s o f a n a d v e n t u r e r;e a c h g e n e r a t e s h e a t a n d l i g h t t od w a r f t h eC o n s o l i d a t e dE d i s o nC o m p a n y.Q u e s t i o n s13t o15a r e b a s e do n t h e c o n v e r s a t i o n y o uh a v e j u s t h e a r d.13.答案 AW h a td o e st h es p e a k e rs a y a b o u tt h en a t i v e so f N e w Y o r k?A)T h e y t a k e i t f o r g r a n t e d.B)T h e y a r e c r a z y a b o u t i t.C)T h e y c o n t r i b u t em o s t t o i t.D)T h e y o f t e n f i n d f a u l tw i t h i t.关于纽约本地人,说话者说了什么?A)他们认为它理所当然㊂B)他们对其着迷㊂C)他们对其贡献最大㊂D)他们经常找茬㊂解析:文章介绍了三种纽约人,第一种是出生在这里的,即n a t i v e s,他们理所当然地认为这座城市就是如此㊂由此可知,选项为正确答案㊂14.答案 DW h a t d o e s t h e s p e a k e r s a y c o mm u t e r s g i v e t oN e w Y o r k?A)H e a t a n d l i g h t.B)E c o n o m i c p r o s p e r i t y.C)H i s t o r i c a l c o n t i n u i t y.D)T i d a l r e s t l e s s n e s s.说话者说上班族给纽约带来的是什么?A)热和光㊂B)经济的繁荣㊂C)历史的延续㊂D)潮汐般的忙碌不休㊂解析:上班族是第二种纽约人,他们给纽约带来的是潮汐般的忙碌不休㊂由此可知,选项D为正确答案㊂15.答案 BW h a t d ow e l e a r na b o u t t h e s e t t l e r s o fN e w Y o r k?A)T h e y f i n d t h e c i t y a l i e n t o t h e m.B)T h e y a r e a d v e n t u r e r s f r o ma l l o v e r t h ew o r l d.C)T h e y l a c kk n o w l e d g e o f t h e c u l t u r e o f t h e c i t y.D)T h e y h a v e d i f f i c u l t y s u r v i v i n g.关于移居纽约的人,我们了解到了什么?A)他们对这座城市感到陌生㊂B)他们是来自世界各地的 探险者 ㊂C)他们缺乏这座城市的文化知识㊂D)他们感到在这座城市生存艰难㊂解析:移居纽约的人是第三种纽约人,文章最后说,不论来自什么背景,他们都带着冒险家的新奇眼光与纽约相融㊂由此可知,选项B为正确答案㊂S e c t i o nCN o w l i s t e n t o t h e f o l l o w i n g r e c o r d i n g a n da n s w e r q u e s t i o n s16t o19.M o d e r a t o r:H e l l o,l a d i e s a n d g e n t e l m e n,i t i sm y p l e a s u r e t o i n t r o d u c e t h e s p e a k e r f o r t o d a y,D r.J a n e H o w a r d.D r.H o w a r d,P r o f e s s o r o f P s y c h o l o g y a t U n i v e r s i t y o f M i c h i g a n,h a s w r i t t e n n u m e r o u s a r t i c a l s a n db o o k so n p s y c h o l o g y a n d l i f e,e s p e c i a l l y m o t i v a t i o na n db e h a v i o r.N o w l e t sw e l c o m eD r.H o w a r d.D r.H o w a r d:G o o dm o r n i n g,e v e r y o n e.W h y d ow e d o t h e t h i n g sw e d o?W h a t d r i v e s u s t o p a r t i c i p a t e i n c e r t a i na c t i v i t i e s,t ob u y a c e r t a i n c a r o r e v e n t o c h o o s e a c e r t a i n c a r e e r?I no t h e rw o r d s,w h a t m o t i v a t e s u s t od ow h a tw e d o?[16]W e l l,i ns t u d i e so fm o t i v a t i o n,p s y c h o l o g i s t sd i s t i n g u i s hb e t w e e nt w ov e r y d i f f e r e n t t y p e s,o u rr e a s o n sf o rd o i n g s o m e t h i n g,o u r m o t i v a t i o n sc a nb ee x t r i n s i c,i no t h e r w o r d s, b a s e do n s o m ek i n do f e x t e r n a l r e w a r d l i k e p r a i s e o rm o n e y.O r t h e y c a nb e i n t r i n s i c,m e a n i n g w e e n g a g e i n t h e a c t i v i t y b e c a u s e i t p l e a s e s u s i n t e r n a l l y.B o t hc r e a t es t r o n g f o r c e st h a tl e a d u st o b e h a v ei nc e r t a i n w a y s.H o w e v e r,i n t r i n s i c m o t i v a t i o n i s g e n e r a l l y c o n s i d e r e dt ob e m o r el o n g-l a s t i n g t h a nt h eo t h e r.[17]A sIs a i d, e x t r i n s i cm o t i v a t i o n i s e x t e r n a l.I t s t h ed e s i r et ob e h a v e i nac e r t a i n w a y i no r d e r t oo b t a i n s o m ek i n d o f e x t e r n a l r e w a r d.[18]Ac h i l d,f o r e x a m p l e,w h o r e g u l a r l y d o e s s m a l l j o b s a r o u n d t h eh o u s e,d o e s t h e m n o tb e c a u s es h ee n j o y s t a k i n g o u t t h e g a r b a g eo rd o i n g t h ed i s h e sb u t b e c a u s e s h ek n o w s i f s h e d o e s t h e s e t h i n g s s h e l l b e g i v e na s m a l l a m o u n t o fm o n e y f o rd o i n gs t o pg i v i n g h e rm o n e y f o r i t?W i t h i n t r i n s i c,o r i n t e r n a lm o t i v a t i o n,w ew a n t t od os o m e t h i n g b e c a u s ew ee n j o y i t,o r g e tu sas e n s eo fa c c o m p l i s h m e n tf r o m i t.M o s t p e o p l e w h oa r ei n t e r n a l l y m o t i v a t e d g e t p l e a s u r e f r o mt h e a c t i v i t y.S o t h e y j u s t f e e l g o o da b o u t d o i n g i t.F o r e x a m p l e,I g o t o t h e g y m s e v e r a l t i m e s aw e e k.I d o n t g ob e c a u s e I mt r a i n i n g f o r am a r a t h o no r a n y t h i n g,I j u s t e n j o y i t.[19]I h a v em o r e e n e r g y a f t e r I e x e r c i s e a n d I k n o wi t s g o o d f o rm y h e a l t h.S o i tm a k e sm e f e e l g o o d a b o u tm y s e l f.A n d t h a t sw h a t s k e p tm e g o i n g t h e r e f o r t h e p a s t f i v e y e a r s.16.答案 CW h a t d o e s t h e p r o f e s s o rm a i n l y d i s c u s s?A)W h a t a r e t h e r e a s o n s f o rm o t i v a t i n g i n t r i n s i c a l l y i n l i f e.B)W h a ti st h es i m i l a r i t y b e t w e e n d i f f e r e n tt y p e so fm o t i v a t i o n.C)H o wt od i s t i n g u i s hb e t w e e nt w od i f f e r e n t t y p e so fm o t i v a t i o n.D)W h a ta r et h es i g n i f i c a n c eo fr e w a r d si n c h i l d r e ne d u c a t i o n.教授主要谈论的是什么?A)生活中内在动机的原因㊂B)不同的动机类型之间的相似性㊂C)如何区别两种不同的动机类型㊂D)儿童教育中奖励的意义是什么㊂解析:讲座提到,在研究动机的过程中,心理学家区别出了两种不同的类型:一是外加动机,基于像夸奖或金钱的外在奖励㊂二是内在动机,意思是我们参与使我们内心感到快乐的活动㊂由此可知,选项C为正确答案㊂17.答案 AW h a t d o e s t h e p r o f e s s o r s a y a b o u t e x t r i n s i cm o t i v a t i o n?A)I t s t h e d e s i r e t o g e t s o m ek i n do f e x t e r n a l r e w a r d.B)I t c o u l db em o r e l o n g-l a s t i n g t h a n t h e o t h e r.C)I tm a yg e t u s a s e n s e o f a c c o m p l i s h m e n t.D)P e o p l e g e t p l e a s u r e d u r i n g t h e a c t i v i t y.关于外加动机,教授说了什么?A)它是获得某种外部奖励的欲望㊂B)它可能比其他持续时间更长㊂C)它可能给我们一种成就感㊂D)人们在活动期间获得快乐㊂解析:讲座提到,正如我所讲的,外加动机是外部的,是为了获得某种外部奖励而作出某种行为的欲望㊂由此可知,选项A为正确答案㊂18.答案 DW h a td o e st h e p r o f e s s o ri m p l y a b o u ta c h i l d d o i n g h o u s e w o r k?A)M o t i v a t i o n s u c h a sm o n e y c a nb em o r e l o n g-l a s t i n g.B)E x t e r n a l r e w a r d s c a nb e s t r o n g e r f o r c e.C)C h i l d r e n t e n d t ob e i n f l u e n c e db y e x t e r n a l r e w a r d s.D)E x t r i n s i cm o t i v a t i o n c a nb e e x t e r n a l r e w a r d s.通过孩子做家务,教授暗示了什么?A)像金钱这样的动机会持续的更久㊂B)外部奖励是更强大的力量㊂C)孩子往往会被外部奖励影响㊂D)外加动机是外部奖励㊂解析:讲座提到,例如,一个孩子通常会做些家务,不是因为她喜欢倒垃圾或是洗碗,而是她知道做些家务会会得到一些零花钱㊂但是,如果父母突然不给她零花钱,孩子继续做家务的积极性会有多高?以反问句来表达肯定的观点㊂由此可知,选项D为正确答案㊂19.答案 A?教授去健身房的原因?A)I tm a k e s h e r f e e l g o o d a b o u t h e r s e l f.B)S h e i s t r a i n i n g f o r am a r a t h o n.C)S h eh a sm u c he n e r g y a n d t i m e.D)H e r f r i e n dk e p t g o i n g t h e r e f o r f i v e y e a r s.A)使她感觉自我良好㊂B)她在为马拉松做训练㊂C)她有很多精力和时间㊂D)她的朋友坚持健身5年了㊂解析:讲座提到,教授说:锻炼完后我会有更多精力,我也知道这有益于我的健康㊂所以,健身使我感觉自我良好㊂由此可知,选项A为正确答案㊂N o w l i s t e n t o t h e f o l l o w i n g r e c o r d i n g a n da n s w e r q u e s t i o n s20t o22.I f a c o n s u m e r h a s t oc h o o s eb e t w e e nt w o p r o d u c t s,w h a t d e t e r m i n e s t h ec h o i c e?A s s u m e t h a t s o m e o n e,a p u r c h a s e r,i s c h o o s i n g b e t w e e n t w o p r o d u c t s t h a t c o s t t h e s a m e.O k?I f p e o p l e h a v eac h o i c e b e t w e e nt w oi d e n t i c a l l y-p r i c e d p r o d u c t s,w h i c h o n e w i l lt h e y c h o o s e?T h e y c h o o s e t h eo n e t h e y t h i n k i so f t h eh i g h e r q u a l i t y,o f c o u r s e.B u tw h a td o e s i t m e a n f o r a p r o d u c t t ob e ah i g h-q u a l i t yp r o d u c t?W e l l,b u s i n e s s a n a l y s t su s u a l l y s p e a ko f t w o m a j o r f a c t o r s o f q u a l i t y:o n e f a c t o r i s r e l i a b i l i t y a n d t h e o t h e r i sw h a tw e c a l l e d f e a t u r e s.S o r e l i a b i l i t y.W h a t s r e l i a b i l i t y?W e l l,a p r o d u c t i s r e l i a b l e i f i tw o r k s t h ew a y w e e x p e c t i t t ow o r k,i f i t c a n g o a r e a s o n a b l e a m o u n t o f t i m ew i t h o u t n e e d i n g r e p a i r s.I f a p r o d u c t,a c a rf o r e x a m p l e,d o e s n tw o r k t h ew a y i t s h o u l d a n d n e e d s r e p a i r s t o o s o o n,w e s a y i t s u n r e l i a b l e.[20]S o p r o d u c t r e l i a b i l i t y m e a n s,b a s i c a l l y,t h e a b s e n c e o f d e f e c t s o r p r o b l e m s t h a t y o uw e r e n t e x p e c t i n g.I tu s e dt ob et h a tw h e n p e o p l et h o u g h ta b o u t p r o d u c t s q u a l i t y,t h e y t h o u g h t m a i n l y a b o u t r e l i a b i l i t y.T o d a y,i t sd i f f e r e n t.P e o p l e s t i l l d oc a r e a b o u t r e l i a b i l i t y,d o n t g e t m ew r o n g,i t s j u s t t h a tm a n u f a c t u r i n g s t a n d a r d sa r en o ws oh i g ht h a t,w e l l t a k ec a r s f o r e x a m p l e t o d a y.T o d a y s c a r s a r e v e r y r e l i a b l e.[21]S o r e l i a b i l i t y i s i m p o r t a n t b u t i t s n o t g o n n ab e t h e d ec id i n g f a c t o r.[22]S oi fr e l i a b i l i t y i s n tt h ed e c i d i n g f a c t o ra n y m o r e,w h a ti s?F e a t u r e s!A l lt h o s ee x t r a s!T h e t h i n g s a p r o d u c t h a s t h a t a r e n t n e c e s s a r y b u t t h a tm a k e i t e a s i e r t o u s e o r t om a k e i t c o o l!F o r e x a m p l e,n e wc a r s t o d a y a r e l o a d e dw i t hf e a t u r e s l i k e e l e c t r i cw i n d o w s,s u n r o o f s, a i r-c o n d i t i o n i n g,s t e r e o s a n d s o f o r t h.W h e n p e o p l e a r e c o m p a r i n gp r o d u c t s t o d a y,t h e y l o o k a t f e a t u r e s,b e c a u s e r e l i a b i l i t i e s p r e t t y m u c h e q u a l a c r o s s t h e b o a r d.A n d t h a t s w h y m a n u f a c t u r e r s i n c l u d e s om a n y f e a t u r e s i n t h e i r p r o d u c t s.20.答案 CW h a t i s t h e r e l i a b i l i t y o f a p r o d u c t?A)I t h a s g r e a t q u a l i t y t h a tw ew a n t.B)I t d o e s n t n e e d r e p a i r sw i t h i na l o n g t i m e.C)I t d o e s n t h a v e p r o b l e m s t h a t y o uw e r e n t e x p e c t i n g.D)I t sm a n u f a c t u r i n g s t a n d a r d s a r eh i g h.产品的可靠性是什么?A)产品的质量高㊂B)长时间内无需修理㊂C)不会出现预料不到的问题㊂D)其制造标准很高㊂解析:录音提到,大致来说,产品可靠性意味着不会出现预料不到的问题或缺陷㊂由此可知,选项C为正确答案㊂21.答案 BW h i c ho f t h e f o l l o w i n g s t a t e m e n t s i s n o t t r u e?下列哪项陈述不正确?。

2015年12⽉英语六级考试答案（卷三完整版）考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统⼀，请依据试题进⾏核对。

　参考范⽂： Graphically revealed in this cartoon is that two youngsters are having a conversation. However, the most striking feature of it is that the man on the left is saying without hesitation that he loves reading and his favorite book is Facebook. Apparently, the purpose of this cartoon unfolds a conspicuous fact that social networking websites exert adverse impacts on our reading.Several factors can be responsible for this phenomenon. For one thing, with our science and economy enhanced remarkably, people in growing numbers tend to share their moments of life on social networks, and therefore, it is difficult for us to concentrate on what we want to read. For another, there are various kinds of information on the internet, and as a result, they may be easily distracted by other information so much that they may ignore what they are really interested in. To sum up, social network websites may pose a potential and probable threat to our reading. We are supposed to spend more time on reading paper books instead of staying on the social networking websites. Only in this way can we gradually terminate the negative influence of social networking websites.　短对话答案 1. B. The dressing makes themixed salad very inviting. 2. B. He is opening a newconsulting firm. 3. B. The man may find thesupplies in the cabinet. 4. D. He has to use amagnifying glass to see clearly. 5. C. Redecorating heroffice. 6. A. Shortage of containerships. 7. A. Acolleague. 8. C. Hold the banquet at a differentplace. 长对话答案 ConversationOne 9. D. He often goes backhome late for dinner. 10. B. To discuss an urgentproblem. 11. C. There is a sharpincrease in India's balance of payment deficit. ConversationTwo 12. D. They have unrealisticexpectations about the other half. 13. A. He is lucky to beable to do what he loves. 14. B. It is allglamour. 15. A.Amazed. 短⽂答案 Passage One 16. B. Follow closely the fast development oftechnology. 17. B. What type of personnel the team should becomposed of. 18. D. A team manager should develop a certainset skills. Passage Two 19. A. It is a program allowing people to shareinformation on the Web. 20. B. He met with an entrepreneur named JimClark. 21. B. They had confidence in his newideas. Passage Three 22. A. Word-of-mouthadvertising. 23. D. To build up theirreputation. 24. D. By using the servicesof large advertising agencies. 25. C. Pre-test alternative ads or commercialsin certain regions. 短⽂听写答案 26. eternal 27. diminishing 28. absolute 29. succeed 30. on a vast scale 31. As regards 32. used up 33. disposing 34. modification 35. magnitude 36. E. exception 37. O. worldwide 38. N. transmitting 39. L. shrank 40. A. assumed 41. F. fault 42. H. notably 43. I. previous 44. C. desperate 45. D. deterioration First-Generation College-Goers: Unprepared and Behind 46. Many first-generation college-goers have doubts about their abilities to get a college degree. 答案：【H】 解析：H段第⼆⾏so they are coming in questioning themselves...对应此题的have doubts about their abilities 47. First-generation college students tend to have much heavier financial burdens than their peers. 答案：【C】 解析：C段最后⼀句话“carry financial burdens that outweigh those of their peers...完全对应此题 48. The graduation rate of first-generation students at Nijay’s university was incredibly low. 答案：【B】 解析：此题中的Nijay、graduation rate、low均在B段中体现，并且此题的incredibly对应B段的frighteningly 49. Some top institutions like Yale seem to provide first-generation students with more support than they actually need. 答案：【N】 解析：N段以Yale举例，且此题的more support对应N段的a lot of support和后⾯的much support，所以答案确定为N段。

2015年12月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案Part I WritingHow to Deal With Misleading InformationAs is revealed in the picture, a man is sitting in front of the computer searching information from the Internet, while a woman is standing by the door, holding a cup of coffee. The most striking feature is the caption under the picture, which reads “I just feel unfortunate to live in a world with so much misleading information!”Simple as it is, what the picture conveys to us is thought-provoking. By no means can we deny that the Internet is playing such an increasingly important role in our information society that we couldn’t be away from it in every way. For instance, we deal with all kinds of data and information everyday by the Internet. Nevertheless, with a large amount of information coming up, the severity of misleading information arises. Unfortunately, if we lack the ability to distinguish the true information from the misleading one, we will finally fall prey to it, because the misleading information may get people into bad habits, even make them commit crimes. Numerous network fraud is a living example.From what have been discussed above, it is therefore, necessary that some effective measures be taken to prevent ourselves from being misled by junk information. And in my opinion, learning to identify the authenticity of information online is the most practical measure.Part II Reading ComprehensionSection A36.B) caters37.M) recommended38.D) debated39.F) ideal40.C) chronically41.G) improvements42.E) deprivation43.L) ready44.H) necessarily45.O) targetSection B46.C) This inconsistency largely stems from a feeling of powerlessness.47.L) Social science can also teach politicians how to avoid our collective capacity forself-destructive behaviour.48.G) Few political libraries are without a copy of Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health,Wealth and Happiness, by Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein.49.P) The power of such simple psychology in fighting climate change is attracting attentionacross the political establishment.50.H) Defaults are certainly part of the solution.51.D) Part of the fault lies with our inner caveman.52.J) These norms can take us beyond good intentions.53.B) Despite mournful polar bears and charts showing carbon emissions soaring, most peoplefind it hard to believe that global warming will affect them personally.54.F) Not any longer.55.O) Nick Perks, project director for Climate Solidarity, believes this sort of activity is where thefuture of environmental action lies.Section C56.D) Part of the fault lies with our inner caveman.57.A) They have learned to think critically.58.B) It cultivates students’ ability to make scientific inquiries.59.A) It allows for failures.60.C) Make full use of informal learning resources.61.B) It has a strong negative impact on space tourism.62.C) It was about ready to start regular business.63.D) To promote the space tourism industry.64.D) Suspend Virgin Galactic’s licence to take passengers into space.65.A) It is worth promoting despite the risks involved.Part IV TranslationChina is playing an increasingly important role in helping the international community to eliminate extreme poverty by 2030. Since theimplementation of the reform and opening up in the late of 1970s, China has helped as many as four hundred million people out of poverty. Over the next five years, China will provide assistance to other developing countries in povertyreduction, education development, agricultural modernization, environmental protection and health care.China has made remarkable progress in reducing poverty, and has made unremittingefforts to promote economic growth, which will encourage other poor countries to respond to the challenges of their own development. These countries can learn from the experience of China when they seek to develop their owncharacteristics.。