定语从句（介词+which/whom)
概念引入
This is the reason for which(=why) he left the company.
这就是他离开公司的原因。
Can you tell me for whom you are working?
你能告诉我你现在为谁工作吗?
There are sixty students in our class，all of whom are working hard.
班上有60 名学生，他们都在努力学习。
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，the price of which was very reasonable.最近我买了一个中国古代花瓶，价格非常合理。
语法讲解
【高清课堂：定语从句—定语从句关联词】，
“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
1). 介词放在关系代词前，关系代词只能用which或whom,关系代词不能省略。
这是莎士比亚出生的房子吗？
Is this the house in which Shakespeare was born?
在黑暗的街道上，没有任何人能让她求助。
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.
2). 在限定性定语从句中，当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用that/which(物), that/whom/who （指人）作介词的宾语，且关系代词可以省略。
This is the hero that/who/whom we are proud of.
This is the pen that/which I wrote the letter with.
“名（代）词+介词+关系代词”结构一般在从句中作主语。常用于这个结构的代词有one, both, all, some, most, several, few, a few, little, a little, many, much, none, half等。
Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of which she spoke fluently.
茱莉擅长德语、法语和俄语，这三样她都说得流利。
English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of which uses it somewhat differently.
英语是一门被很多不同文化分享的语言，其中的每一种都在某种程度上不同地使用它。She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction of which had taken more than three years.
她领着参观者游览博物馆，它的建造超过三年。
The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of whom left their village homes for a better life in the city.
这个定居点安置了将近一千人，他们中的许多人离开山村的家，到城市寻求更好的生活。
The man pulled out a gold watch, the hands of which were made of small diamonds.
这个男人掏出来一块金表，它的指针是有小钻石组成的。
数词/形容词的最高级+of+关系代词
The company has more than 100 employees, 60 percent of whom are women.
这家公司有超过一百名雇员，其中百分之六十是女性。
She traveled abroad and bought a lot of gifts, the most expensive of which was a diamond.
她在国外旅游，买了很多礼物，其中最昂贵的一件就是钻石。
China has thousands of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan.
中国有数千座岛屿，其中最大的是台湾岛。
“介词+关系代词+名词”在从句中作状语。
He was born in 1948, by which time the Second World War had been over.
他出生于1948年，到那时第二次世界大战已经结束。
I called him by the wrong name, for which mistake I apologized.
我叫错了他的名字，因为这个错误我道歉了。
“介词短语+关系代词”在从句中一般作状语，可以与“介词+ whose+名词”结构互换。
用于此结构的关系代词有which, whom, whose。常用于该结构的介词短语有：as a result of, at the back of, because of, by means of, for want of, in front of, in case of, on account of等。
We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden.
我们来到一所后面有一个大花园的房子。
Is there a certain test b y means of which the No. 1 will be decided?
有没有一种考试，通过它能决定第一名。
I went to visit my Chinese teacher yesterday, with the help of whom (with whose help) I got in touch with my classmates.
昨天我去拜访我的语文老师了，在他的帮助下我联系上了我的同学们。
2018-2019学年高一上学期训练卷 必修二 Unit5 Music 英 语 （一） 注意事项： 1．答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准 考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。 2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答 案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 3．非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在 试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。 4．考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。 一、单句语法填空 1. In ________，the team set up a separate experiment that suggested that the baby birds that most closely imitated their mom's voice were rewarded with the most food. 2. Phil Blythe explains ：“For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely ________ others.” 3．I don't remember when I met the singer ________ the first time. 4．What about ________ (go) to the Science Museum next Sunday afternoon? 5．Our headmaster suggested the sports meeting ________ (put) off until next Friday. 6．The book, ________ (write) in 1957, tells the struggle of the miners. 7．The girl had hardly rung the bell________ the door was opened suddenly, and her friends rushed out to greet her. 8．Do you remember the day ________ which you joined our club? 9．Are you familiar ________ the rhythm of the song? 10．Do you attach any importance ________ what he said? 二、单句改错 1．When some refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks up and everyone is in even bigger danger. _______________________________________________________________________ 2. Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property (财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based in age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel —to check e-mail, say —the car's maker is responsible if there is a crash. _______________________________________________________________________ 3．The boy pretended to sleeping when his mother asked him to have dinner. _______________________________________________________________________ 4．Experience in form of nature. _______________________________________________________________________ 5．The jokes the naughty boy played to the old people made many people angry. _______________________________________________________________________ 6．We are familiar to the magazine; we like its content and style. _______________________________________________________________________ 7．You can rely on that he can turn up on time. _______________________________________________________________________ 8．He has made a promise that the relationship between him and his fans will never break out. _______________________________________________________________________ 9．Maria has written two novels, both of that have been made into television series. _______________________________________________________________________ 10．Across the stream, a man is trying to reach out on the edge of the bank for the fruit with a net attach to a pole. _______________________________________________________________________ 三、完形填空 My daughter had just turned five when I took her to go grocery shopping with me one day. There on __1__ was the most beautiful toilet paper she had never seen, for it was pink. During __2__ awareness month, the toilet paper company had made their product pink, with a part of each sale's __3__ helping the people in need. And my daughter simply had to have it. She 此卷只装订不密封 班级 姓名 准考 证号 考 场号 座位号
名词从句与定语从句的区别及解题技巧 蔡湛艺 摘要：由于名词从句与定语从句的部分引导词相同的缘故，很多学生容易把两者混淆。其实，我们可以从从句的功能和所处的位置、同位语从句和定语从句的区别、句意决定从句的属性等三种途径区分它们。确定从句的属性后，我们可以从名词从句中的所缺成分及定语从句的先行词等角度确定从句的关系引导词。本文还附有近十年的高考真题演练。 关键词：名词从句，定语从句，引导词 由于名词从句与定语从句的部分引导词相同的缘故，很多学生容易把两者混淆。其实，我们可以从以下三种途径区分它们。 一、由两种从句的功能和所处的位置进行区别。 名词从句的主要功能是充当句中的主语、宾语、同位语和表语，它们的位置一般处于句首、动词或介词之后；而定语从句的功能是起修饰和限定先行词的作用，一般处于名词、代词或名词短语之后。如： 1.Whether we will go picnicking depends on the weather. （位于句首，为主语从句） 2.I learned that he was a famous writer. （位于谓语动词后，为宾语从句） 3.He is satisfied with what you’ve done. （位于介词后，为宾语从句） 4.That is why I came here. (位于系动词后，为表语从句) 5.I will never forget the days when we got together. （在名词day后，为定语从句） 6.This is the book that I have been looking for. （在名词book后，为定语从句） 7.The reason why he came home late is that he was trapped in the traffic jam. （前句 在名词reason后，为定语从句；后句在be动词后，为表语从句） 二、同位语从句和定语从句的区别。 有些表示“看法、问题、事实、消息”等名词如thought, idea, belief, question, doubt, problem, fact, news, information, order, hope, answer, conclusion等后面既可以接同位语从句，也可以接定语从句。区别的办法要看这些词在从句中有没充当什么成分。如： The idea that we invited him yesterday is quite good. （idea在从句中没充当任何成分，that 在此无词义，引导的从句属同位语从句） The idea that he thought of is quite good.（idea在从句中是of的宾语，that指代the idea，引导的从句是定语从句，修饰限定先行词the idea.）
语法（定语从句） 巩固练习 将下面的两个简单句合并成一个含有定语从句的复合句。 1. She is the girl I went there with the girl.→ _______________________________________________________________ 2. I want to find the pen. I wrote the novel with the pen.→ _______________________________________________________________ 3. I remember the day. “The Beatles” played their first hit on that day.→ ________________________________________________________________ 4. The guitar was los t. George gave many performances with it.→ ________________________________________________________________ 5. The musicians were very popular. They worked with the musicians. ________________________________________________________________ 6. Luckily, we’d brought a road map. Without the road map we would have lost our way. 7. The girl has just come back. My sister visited the Great Wall with the girl.→ ________________________________________________________________ 8. He loved his parents deeply. Both o f his parents are very kind to him. → ________________________________________________________________ 9. I bought an ancient vase. The p rice of the ancient vase was very reasonable → ________________________________________________________________ 10. The person is Mr. Ball. I lent my bicycle to the person. → ________________________________________________________________ 翻译下面句子 1. 妈妈给我一些额外的钱，用这些钱我买了一把乐器。 2. 我对已经住了8年的这个城市很熟悉。 3. 刚刚和我谈话的那个男孩不喜欢戏弄别人。 4. 我依赖于我经常借钱的亲戚。 5. 另外，我曾经向往的我叔叔的婚姻破裂了。 改错 1. Can you point out the house which you live? 2. I don’t know the person to who you are speaking. 3. They will never forget the days which they stayed together. 4. Dongtou is a beautiful island and where we can enjoy delicious seafood.
“介词+关系词”的用法 1、关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语时，介词常可以提前，但介词提前时，关系代词只能用which 或whom。 如：The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. →The school in which he once studied is very famous. Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. →Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. We'll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. →We'll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 2、关系副词when, where, why 和介词+which之间的关系。 关系副词when, where, why可以用适当的介词+which来替代。介词的位置非常灵活，有时放在关系代词之前，有时放在动词之后。如：when=in/on/at…+which, where=in/on/at…+which, why=for+which 如：I won’t forget the date when( on which) I was born. This is the room where (in which) I lived. = This is the room which I lived in. I don’t know the reason why (for which) he hasn’t come today. Tom still remembers the days when (in which) they lived in Tianjin. 注意： 1). 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等 如：This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (√)This is the watch for which I am looking. (F) 2). 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose 如：The man with whom you talked is my friend. (√)The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (√) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F) 3).“介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词如：He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 4). 把握“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的选用 介词的选择与主句中先行词的搭配密切相关。
语法高一英语必修一定语从句专项练习题定语 TTA standardization office【TTA 5AB- TTAK 08- TTA 2C】
【语法】高一英语必修一定语从句专项练习题定语从句专项练习题E x e r c i s e1:默写定语从句的相关知识点定语的基本感念: 定语在句中位置: 定语的表现形式: 从句的基本概念: 定语从句: 先行词: 引导词: 关系词的作用: 关系代词: 关系副词: Exercise 2: 指出下列句子中的定语由什么担当，并说明与修饰词的位置关系。T h e b l a c k b i k e i s m i n e.形容词b l a c k作名词b i k e的前置定语W h a t’s y o u r n a m e I h a v e5b o o k s.
T h e r e i s a s l e e p i n g b o y i n o u r c l a s s r o o m. T h e y m a d e p a p e r f l o w e r s. T h e b o y i n t h e r o o m i s J a c k. I h a v e s o m e t h i n g t o d o. I t i s a s w i m m i n g p o o l. T h e r e i s s o m e t h i n g w r o n g. T h e l e s s o n wh i c h w e s t u d i e d y e s te r d a y w a s h a r d to u n d e r s t a n d. T h i s i s t h e g i r l w h o m I m e t i n t h e s t r e e t. E x e r c i s e3:指出下列句子中关系词的三个作用 1. He is the man whom I met yesterday.他是我昨天在街道上遇见的那个人。 关系代词whom，引导后面的定语从句，代替先行词the man在定语从句I met ( ) y e s t e r d a y.中作m e t的宾语。 k n o w t h e m a n w h o l i v e s n e x t d o o r.我认识住在隔壁的那个人。 will never forget the day when she got married. 她永远不会忘记她结婚的这一天。 showed me the article that he had written.他把他写的文章拿给我看。
高中英语必修2 Unit 5 Music 1. dream Vt.& Vi.做梦梦见 n. (可数) 梦梦想dream of/about梦见梦想 I ________ a strange / sweet dream last night. The boy dreams of___________ (成为)a pilot. Her dream has ________________(成真). 2. pretend to do sth假装要做某事 He pretended to sleep . pretend to be doing sth假装正在做某事 He pretended to be reading . pretend to have done sth假装做过某事He pretended to have fallen asleep . pretend that+从句 He pretended that he had fallen asleep . 3. to be honest = honestly speaking实话说 be honest with sb对某人坦诚 4. attach…to… = tie…to…把…贴/系/附在…上be attached to附属于喜欢 attach importance to…重视把…看得很重 Attach a stamp to the envelope and mail it. He attached his horse to a tree. He attached a document to a letter. The hospital is attached to that university. The little girl is very much attached to her brother. We should attach importance to the pollution problem. Do you attach any importance to what he said ? A lot of people attach great importance to ______(become) rich and famous . 5. form Vt.& Vi.组成养成形成 n.形式表格in the form of…用…的形式 Children should form good habits from the very beginning. She told her past to us in the form of a story. 6. earn 赚得earn a / one’s living = make a living谋生earn good money gain 获得赢得（有价值的东西） win赢得(比赛) get Tony Parker gained the MVP at the last game. I’m new on the job but I am gaining experience． In Barcelona, the Chinese team got 16 gold medals． 7. perform Vt.& Vi.表演履行执行 performance n. 表演演奏 give performances = put on performances演出 This play _____________________(首演) in 411 BC. He has not performed well in his exams. They continue to perform the experiment / operation. You should always perform what you promise. They often give performances in pubs or clubs. 8. You had better pay ______ ______ (用现金). We shouldn’t ______ ______ ______ (戏弄) the blind . The football match will be ___________________ (现场直播) at 7:00 . We stayed there for an hour ______ ______ (大约) . Even when they ______ ______ ______ ______ (戴着太阳镜留着胡子)，people also ________ (认出) them . She is an __________ (妩媚动人的) girl . _____ _____(分类) things you want to keep and throw everything else away. What happened __________ (后来)? They put an advertisement ___ a newspaper (look) for rock musicians. 9. depend on/upon = rely on/upon依赖依靠信赖 ; 随…而定取决于 You can’t depend on your parents forever . You can depend on(=trust=believe in)him . Whether the game will be played _____________(取决于) the weather . Your success depends (on) whether you work hard or not. It / That depends .看情况而定。 10.humour n.幽默 humorous adj.幽默的：He is very __________. This is a film full of ______. He has a sense of ______. 11.be/get familiar with熟悉：I am familiar with this computer . be familiar to…为…所熟悉: The name is familiar to me . be similar to…与…相似：Mary’s hat is similar to Jane’s . 12.break up 打碎:The glass fell on the floor and broke up. 结束：The party breaks up and the neighbors hurry home. 放假：We will break up next week. 解散：The crowd broke up. My girlfriend has broken up with me 分解(物理):Civil war could come if the country breaks up(分裂). There was a danger of the ship breaking up completely. break down 损坏：Our car broke down and we had to draw it to a garage. 跨了：His health has broken down completely. 失败：Peace talks have broken down in the Middle East. 分解(化学):Water can be broken down into Hydrogen and Oxygen. To understand the grammar of the sentence, you must break it ___ into parts. break in打断：Don't break in when he is telling the story. 闯入：We were watching TV when he broke in.
介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 介词加关系代词引导的定语从句要注意以下几点： 1．“介词+ 关系代词”引导的定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which（指物）和whom （指人），即：介词+which/whom。不能用that 和who。 .This is the teacher from whom we’ve learned a lot. 这就是从他那里我们学了很多东西的老师。 Great changes have taken place in the city in which we live. 我们所居住的城市发生了巨大的变化。 2．有时介词也可放在从句的末尾，这时关系代词可用which/that(指物)， who/whom/that（指人），也可以省略。 . The situation (which/that ) we had got into was very dangerous. 我们当时的处境很危险。 The man (whom/who/that) you were talking to just now is my English teacher. 你刚刚和他谈话的那个人是我的英语老师。 3．当定语从句中的谓语动词短语是固定搭配，不可分割时，那么动词短语中的介词不能前置。 .This is the pen which I’m looking for. 这是我正在找的那支钢笔。 不能写成：This is the pen for which I’m looking. 4．定语从句也可由“名词/代词/数词+介词+which/whom”引出。 . That old man has two sons, one of whom is a doctor. 那个老人有两个儿子，其中一个是医生。 The house, the windows of which ( = whose windows = of which the windows) were damaged, has now been repaired. 窗子遭破坏的那栋房子现在已经修好了。 5．引导定语从句的关系副词(when, where, why) 可以用“介词+关系代词”代替。 .I’ll never forget the day when I joined the party. (when= on which). 我永远都不会忘记入党的日子。 The factory where my father works is in the east of the city. (where = in which). 父亲工作的那家工厂在城东。 None of us know the reason why Tom was absent from the meeting. (why = for which). 我们都不知道汤姆缺席会议的原因。
预习导学 Unit 5 Music 第一课时Warming up ﹠vocabulary 本单元重点单词，请写出下列单词的汉语意思: 1.classical 2.folk 3.jazz 4. musician 5.pretend 6.attach 7.form 8.passer-by 9.earn 10.extra 11.instrument 12.perform 13.performance 14.pub 15.cash 16.studio https://www.doczj.com/doc/7c677214.html,lionaire 18.actor 19.rely 20.broadcast 21.humorous 22.familiar 23.attractive 24.addition 25.dip 26.confident 27.brief 28.briefly 29.devotion 33.sensitive 30.afterwards 34.painful 31.invitation 32.beard 本单元重点词组,请写出下列单词的汉语意思: 1. d ream of 5.play jokes on 2. t o be honest 6.rely on 3. a ttach…to 4.in cash 7.be/get familiar with 8. a bove all 9. s tick to 10. or so 11. break up 12. by chance 13. in addition 14. sort out 实战演练 一、词汇学习 1.古典英语5. 民乐9. 蓝调13. 轻音乐 2. 摇滚乐 6.乡村音乐 10 嘻哈音乐 14. 乐队 3. 说唱 7. 交响乐 11. 流行音乐 15. 音乐家 4. 爵士乐 8.合唱 12．西方音乐 二、根据首字母填写单词 1. The ball r down the hill. 2. A the stamp to the front of your letter. 3. Many fans were once impressed by Jay’s wonderful p . 4. As babies, we r entirely on others for food. 5. I’m very sorry. To answer this question is beyond my a . 6. He’s a f figure in the neighborhood. 7. As far as I know, Miss Gao enjoys listening to f music very much. 8. His d to his wife and family is touching. 9. They s all that they had when they were abroad. 10. You are far too s about her words. 预习导学 一、根据课文的内容填空 第二课时Reading If we are ourselves, most of us have being famous sometimes in our lives. Most musicians often meet and a band .Sometimes they play in the street to so that they can earn some money and this also gives them a to realize their dreams. There was once a band started in a different
定语从句 一、基本概念 1．定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词前一般用the ，但在指“一个”概念时可用 a , an 。 3．关系代词 / 关系副词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词，根据其在从句中作用分为关系代词或关系副词。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句；若先行词在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等，应用关系副词引导定语从句。4．定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。 5．引导定语从句的关系词分为二类： 关系代词：that, which ,who, whom ,whose , as 关系副词：when, where, why 二、基本用法 1．关系代词的基本用法（见下表）：
2．使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题： a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。 1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。 told him all (that) I know. gave her everything (that) he had. 2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。 have read all the books (that) you gave me. can take any book (that) you like. 3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。 1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read. 2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai. 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 talked about the persons and things (that) we remember in the school. people and the animals that were killed in the earthquake have all been found. 5.在Who, Which引起的疑问句中。 1. Who is the boy that helped you? 2. Which is the book (that) you bought yesterday? 6. 若有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，另一个须用that引导。 He bought a book which could give him knowledge and that could help to kill the time. 7.当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. b.在以下几种情况下只使用which 不用that。 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。 I have lost my pen, which I like very much. (which 作宾语，指代主句中的pen) New concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us. (which作主语，指代整个主句) 2. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是which，另一个须用that。 The book (that) he bought yesterday was the one (which) he liked best. 3. 先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时,引导词只用who 不用that。 1.先行词为all, anyone, one / ones, those, people 时，须用who。 1. Anyone who knows how to do it can do it now. 2. Those who want to see the film please put up your hands. 3. He, who does not reach the Great Wall, is not a true man. 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，须用who。 Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard.
Unit 5 Music Grammar ★Teaching Aims: 1.To help students learn about the Attributive Clause with a preposition in front. 2.To help students discover and learn to use some useful structures. 3．Make sure the students can use the Attributive Clause with a preposition in front freely. ★Difficult and Important Points: Master the usage of the Attributive Clause with a preposition in front. ★Teaching Methods: Inquires into the study method and Independent study method ★Procedures Step 1. Warming up ( 3 minutes) Underline the attributive clauses in the text that contain prep. + whom/which. Check your answers against your classmates’. Step 2. Learning about grammar (35 minutes) 1.Reading and thinking ( 8 minutes ) Summary the usage of attributive clauses with a preposition ahead of the relative pronoun shown in the sentences. 介词+which/whom引导的定语从句用于正式场合。在这一结构中，关系代词which/whom做介词的宾语。 (1)当先行词是人时，用介词+whom引导定语从句，如：They may start as a group of high-school students, for whom practising their music in someone’s house is the first step to fame. (2)当先行词是物时，用介词+which引导定语从句，而且只能加which，不能加that，例如：They produced a new record in 1996, with which they celebrated their former time as a real band.