(高三)湖南省雅礼中学2009届高三第四次月考(英语)试卷

雅礼中学2025届高三月考试卷（三）语文命题人：审题人：本试卷共四道大题，23道小题，满分150分。

时量150分钟．得分：________一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。

材料一二八定律又叫帕累托法则，最早用于描述社会财富分配不均的现象：即约20%的人掌握着80%的财富，帕累托法则的核心观点是约20%的变量操纵着80%的局面，所以，二八定律又名“80/20法则”，是一种基于“重要的少数与琐碎的多数”原则的量化标准。

该原理由19世纪意大利经济学家维弗雷多·帕累托提出，他发现20%的产品或活动通常带来了80%的收益。

在管理学中，二八定律通常用于识别和优化关键的20%因素，以获得80%的成果，从而使有限的资源发挥尽可能大的应用效益。

需要指出的是，虽然总体呈现出这样的统计规律，但占比不一定恰好是20%和80%。

长尾效应最早由美国的克里斯·安德森在2004年提出，常用于解释在线商业和经济模型，指销量较小或不被重视的产品或服务，由于种类繁多，总销量庞大，累计总收入超过了主流热门产品的收入。

从曲线的形状来看，除了较短的头部，还有一条长长的“尾巴”（如图1所示），随着互联网和产信息化的发展，数字产品存储成本的压力逐渐降低甚至抵消，消费者具有更多的选择权和自主性，长尾理论的应用蓬勃发展。

在经济学领域，二八定律早已成为重要的商业法则，企业通过重点关注核心客户、大客户和热门产品、畅销产品等，获得最大化的收益。

二八定律阐释的是稀缺经济学，其基本假设是“资源稀缺”，即有形货架、存货成本等较为缺乏，企业没有足够的货源架空间为每一个消费者提供所需的每一类产品，也无力承担滞销产品所占有的生产成本。

在此情况下，企业要实现盈利，唯一的解决办法就是采用标准化服务战略，通过单一品种的大规模生产，占据绝大部分市场，促使产品快速流通，避免长期占用货架和生产成本。

雅礼中学2025届高三月考试卷（三）思想政治本试题卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页。

时量75分钟，满分100分。

第Ⅰ卷选择题（共48分）一、选择题（本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。

每小题只有一项符合题目要求）1．研读经典，致敬伟人。

对下列两则原文相同点的解读，科学的是（）1847年，马克思在《哲学的贫困》中指出：“当文明一开始的时候，生产就开始建立在级别、等级和阶级的对抗上，最后建立在积累的劳动和直接的劳动的对抗上。

没有对抗就没有进步。

这是文明直到今天所遵循的规律。

”1848年，马克思、恩格斯在《共产党宣言》中指出：“资产阶级赖以形成的生产资料和交换手段，是在封建社会里造成的。

在这些生产资料和交换手段发展的一定阶段上……封建的所有制关系，就不再适应已经发展的生产力了……起而代之的是自由竞争以及与自由竞争相适应的社会制度和政治制度、资产阶级的经济统治和政治统治。

”①两者都依据社会基本矛盾运动规律阐释社会形态的更替问题②前者揭示社会形态更替的条件性，后者揭示其更替的必然性③依据两者都能推断资本主义终将被社会主义取代的必然趋势④两者都揭示了人类社会的发展历史就是一部阶级斗争的历史A．①③B．①④C．②③D．②④2．习近平总书记提出：“我们的教育要善于从五千年中华传统文化中汲取优秀的东西，同时也不摒弃西方文明成果，真正把青少年培养成为拥有‘四个自信’的孩子。

”关于“四个自信”，下列说法正确的是（）①中国特色社会主义道路是实现社会主义现代化、创造美好生活的必由之路②中国特色社会主义理论体系科学回答了建设社会主义的一系列的基本问题③中国特色社会主义制度是党和人民在长期实践探索中形成的科学制度体系④中国特色社会主义文化是激励全党全国各族人民奋勇前进的强大物质力量A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④3．中国特色社会主义开创于改革开放时期，但了解其形成和发展的脉络，认识其历史必然性和科学真理性，应该拉长时间尺度，了解社会主义演进的历程。

湖南省长沙市雅礼中学2024届高三月考试卷（四）英语试题本试题卷分为听力、阅读、语言运用和写作四个部分, 共10页。

时量120分钟。

满分150分。

第一部分听力（共两节, 满分30分）做题时, 先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后, 你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?A. £ 19. 15.B. £9. 18.C. £9. 15.答案是C。

1. Where is the man going?A. Kennedy.B. London.C. New York.2. What are the speakers talking about?A. A disease.B. A co-worker.C. A doctor.3. What does the man intend to do?A. Make friends.B. Collect papers.C. Do the typing.4. What is the man doing?A. Asking for information.B. Giving directions.C. Waiting for a bus.5. What does the man want to know?A. How to make dessert.B. How to solve problems.C. How to understand expressions.第二节（共15小题;每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A. B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

雅礼中学2024届高三综合自主测试(4月)英语注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)1．What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?A．Boss and secretary.B．Guide and tourist.C．Teacher and student. 2．How is the weather at present?A．Sunny.B．Rainy.C．Cloudy.3．How old is the man’s son?A．11.B．13.C．15.4．What is the man’s opinion?A．Most websites are safe.B．Most websites steal money.C．More and more people shop online.5．How did the man feel when the woman guessed it?A．Nervous.B．Shocked.C．Disappointed.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

雅礼中学2025届高三月考试卷（三）化学得分：______本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页。

时量75分钟，满分100分。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H~1 C~12 N~14 O~16 Na~23 S~32 Cl~35.5 Zr~91第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共42分）一、选择题（本题共14小题，每小题3分，共42分，每小题只有一个选项符合题意。

）1．化学和我们的生活有十分密切的联系，下列表述不正确的是（）A.在碳素钢中加入Cr 和Ni 制得不锈钢可以增强钢的强度以及抗腐蚀能力B.改变铝制品表面氧化膜的厚度可以影响染料着色从而产生美丽的颜色C.焰色试验选择Fe 作为载体是因为铁元素受热不发生电子跃迁、不产生发射光谱D.半导体材料氮化镓是一种新型无机非金属材料2．下列化学用语表示不正确的是（）A.2，2-二甲基丁烷的结构简式：B.三氟化硼分子的空间填充模型：C.次氯酸分子的电子式：D.基态溴原子的简化电子排布式：3．2024年诺贝尔化学奖表彰了三位科学家在蛋白质设计和结构预测领域作出的贡献，中国科学家颜宁在这方面也做了大量的工作，以下相关说法不正确的是（ ）A.蛋白质分散在水中形成的分散系可以产生丁达尔效应B.要使蛋白质晶化得到较大的蛋白质晶体需要快速结晶C.通过X 射线衍射可以得到高分辨率的蛋白质结构D.蛋白质复杂结构的形成与极性键、非极性键、氢键、范德华力等有关4．以下实验方案正确且能达到实验目的的是（ ）选项实验目的实验方案A 制备少量硝酸边加强热边向饱和硝酸钠溶液中滴加浓硫酸B验证晶体的自范性将形状不规则的蔗糖块放入饱和蔗糖溶液中静置一段时间后取出C 验证C 和Si 的非金属性强弱将焦炭和石英砂混合加强热（1800~2000℃），检验气体产物以证明反应发生D测定中和热将稍过量的NaOH 固体投入装有一定量稀盐酸的烧杯中并测33253CH |CH C C H |CH --H :O:Cl :[]25Ar 4s 4p量其温度变化5．某化学小组在实验室尝试用氨气制备硝酸，过程如下：。

雅礼中学2025届高三月考试卷(二)语文本试卷共四道大题，23道小题，满分150分。

时量150分钟。

得分：一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题，19分)阅读下面的文字，完成1～5题。

自改革开放以来我国处于高速工业化进程之中，至今已完成向工业经济大国的转变。

新一轮科技革命和产业变革深入发展，在此形势之下，为扭转我国过早去工业化的倾向，推动新型工业化、信息化、城镇化和农业现代化协同发展是必由之路。

党的二十届三中全会指出，要加快推进新型工业化，培育壮大先进制造业集群，推动制造业高端化、智能化、绿色化发展。

不同于低效能传统工业化道路，新型工业化是以数字化和智能化为特征的工业化，是紧密结合中国实际发展情况与世界整体局势后所提出的概念。

新型工业化以高科技含量、优良经济效益、低资源消耗和环境污染为特点，充分发挥人力资源优势，为我国发展开辟出一条新的道路。

创新是引领发展的主要动力，数字战略则是构建新发展格局和推动我国经济高质量发展的重要手段。

“十二五”和“十三五”国家战略性新兴产业发展规划不断强调发展云计算、人工智能、大数据等新一代创新工程的重要作用。

数据作为新型生产要素，对传统生产方式的改革产生深远影响，数字资产价值将变得可量化、评估、交互，成为工业企业数字化转型的重要推动力。

随着技术应用场景的扩展，数字技术创新将继续深化，在中国特色社会主义工业化道路上产生多维度的影响。

以大数据、人工智能为代表的数字技术正在重塑甚至推翻原有的工业生产方式和组织形式，中高技术产业利润实现超高速增长，并且数字技术创新能够促进多个产业融合发展，有助于全要素生产率的提升。

数字技术概念首次提出时被定义为利用数字化技术和信息通信技术来高效处理、传输、储存和管理数据的一种技术。

数字技术创新具有智能化、高效化和可持续化的特点，是企业在数字经济时代的一种创新方式，其表现形式为利用或创造现有产品、服务、流程或企业商业模式，从而获得固有、无线和增值的新型事物，也有学者将其称为制造新产品或形成新服务，将数字化能力嵌入纯物理组件的活动，结合新型工业化的特征，数字技术创新通过三条路径赋能新型工业化发展。

炎德·英才大联考雅礼中学2025届高三月考试卷（一）语文本试卷共四道大题，23道小题，满分150分。

时量150分钟。

一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读Ⅰ（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。

材料一：积极情绪（Positive Emotion）可以定义为正面的情绪或者具有正面向上价值的情绪。

情绪的认知理论认为，“积极情绪就是在目标实现过程中取得进步或得到他人积极评价时所产生的感受。

”由此可见，积极情绪就是经历了内在、外在的刺激，正确地解决了问题，达到某种成功与满意度，满足了个体的需求，感觉到个体的存在价值伴有随之而来的愉悦的心情与感受。

积极情绪并不是消极接受、坦然享受、乐不思蜀的感觉。

这些只是浅薄的感受，即时地享乐。

积极情绪拓展到更深的层面——从欣赏到热爱。

它并不是简单的迷恋，而是一种真心喜欢、经过努力而获得的欢愉、欣喜。

“积极情绪”这个词，指向了重要的人性瞬间。

那些轻微而短暂的愉悦状态，其实要比你想象的强大得多。

作为人类，生来就能够体验到微弱短促却愉悦舒畅的积极情绪。

它有着不同的形态和滋味。

回想一下，当感到与他人或与所爱的人心灵相通时；当感到有趣、有创意或忍俊不禁时；当感到自己的灵魂被蕴含在生命中的纯粹的美所打动时；或者当因一个新颖的主意或爱好而感到活力无限、兴致勃勃时，你都会不由自主地产生爱、喜悦、感激、宁静、兴趣和激励这样的积极情绪，它们会打开你的心扉。

然而，无论是迷恋、欢笑还是爱，你由衷的积极情绪总是无法持续很长的时间。

良好的感觉来了又去，就如同好天气一样，这是人类的本性。

积极情绪会逐渐消退，如果它长盛不衰，人们会很难适应变化，无法觉察到好消息和坏消息之间的差异，或是邀请与冒犯之间的差异。

如果你想重塑生活，让它变得更美好，秘诀就是不要把积极情绪抓得太紧，也不要抗拒它稍纵即逝的本性，而是将它更多地植入生活——久而久之，你就会提高积极情绪的分量。

我们发现，在这一秘诀中最重要的是积极率，这是用来描述积极情绪与消极情绪的数量关系的一种方法。

英才大联考雅礼中学2024届高三月考试卷(一)语文得分: 本试卷共四道大题，23道小题，满分150分。

时量150分钟。

一、现代文阅读(35分)(一)现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5 小题，19分)阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。

①谢赫提出的“气韵生动，骨法用笔，应物象形，经营位置，传移模写，随类赋彩”成为指导中国绘画技法理论的经典。

其中对“随类赋彩”，理论家、画家有不同理解，但把“类”字解释为“物象的固有色”者，使“随类赋彩”成了幼稚的、简单的色彩赋色方法；把“类”字解释为“类型”“类似”者，让“随类赋彩”成为当今中国绘画色彩理论的经典训条。

也有学者在解释“随类赋彩”时模棱两可，含糊推诿过去。

因此弄清其真正含义，既是对上千年中国绘画色彩理论的正本清源，也对当下中国绘画色彩理论的发展与实践具有指导意义。

②我们对“随类赋彩”的理解要完整、客观。

谢赫“六法”是一个有机整体，“气韵生动”是品画的最高美学原则，谢赫把它视为“六法”之本，其他“五法”是达到“气龄生动”的必要条件。

③“气韵生动”指的是一幅画面给人的整体感觉，要感人、生动。

“骨法用笔”即中国画笔法、线条的运用。

它是表达画家思想、个性、意念的手段，不是客观事物的复制和翻版。

“应物象形”以“骨法用笔”的线条为依托，筑就中国画的气色容貌。

“经营位置”是指构图需要画家有强烈的主观意识来取舍、布局、调置。

“传移模写”就是师法自然，自自然取得灵感。

在“六法”指导思想下的“随类赋彩”作为一个完整而带有指导地位的法则被提出来之后，它的内涵就不仅仅是写实意义和描摹自然物象的外在色彩，更是主张画家主观意念与客观相结合，从属于“气韵生动”的一种表现方法。

这样，中国绘画减弱了对自然色彩的依附，渐渐出现了从重彩到淡彩、浅绛直至水墨画的重墨轻色。

④另外，古代中国画的颜料受当时生产技术和条件的局限及交通运输的不便，颜料的获取只能因陋就简。

画家只能用简单的、接近的、类似于物象色彩的颜料去表现他们眼中所看到的物象色彩，有时找不到或调不出眼中所见到的色彩，只好凭主观情感去用色。

雅礼中学2024届高三月考试卷（五）语文本试卷共四道大题，23道小题，满分150分。

时量150分钟。

一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1～5题。

材料一：通过天气预报了解天气变化，为出行活动提供参考，这已成为人们日常生活中重要的一部分。

在漫长的没有现代技术与文明的时代里，人们又是怎样进行天气预报的呢？我国的天气预报最早可追溯到商代。

祭祀、农业生产、战争等重大活动都需要预知天气。

有人曾对殷墟出土的317片甲骨文进行统计，发现其中卜雨93片，卜晴4片，卜暴雨5片，卜雪、卜雹各1片。

但仅依靠龟壳灼烧后的裂纹形状进行占卜预测天气，其准确程度值得怀疑。

千年来，人们通过看云、辨风、识星象来观察天气，积累一定经验后，可知一地某些天气变化规律，从而进行预测。

秦汉时总结出的二十四节气、流传至今的天气谚语都反映了早期人们对天气预报的关注。

20世纪，科学家发明并应用气象仪器定量测量大气状态变量，汇总各地气象观测数据绘成天气图，天气预报开始变为应用科学。

在20世纪50年代末之前，所有的天气图都是手工绘制的，气象专家利用各种技术，从天气图表显示的天气类型出发，将现在和过去类似的天气类型作对比，预测出当前的天气系统在几小时或几天后可能发生的变化。

随着计算机技术的发展，数值天气预报诞生，预报准确率也得到大幅提升。

数值天气预报是指根据大气实际情况，在一定的初始和边界条件下，通过大型高速计算机作数值计算，求解描写天气演变过程的流体力学和热力学方程组，以此预测未来一定时段的大气运动状态和天气现象的方法。

但伴随而来的问题是依赖确定性物理规律的数值计算能否彻底解决天气预报的准确性呢？答案并不那么乐观。

大气运动包含了极大的不确定性，其初始场的偏差难以避免，如果初始偏差在处理过程中保持稳定，对大气系统的预测也可能得到相对稳定或确定的结果，遗憾的是在大气这一非线性复杂系统演变过程中做不到这一点，偏差会被迅速放大，导致初始有效信息最终会全部消失，预测结果将出现重大错误。

湖南师大附中2025届高三月考试卷(二)英语第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

AThe Virgin Islands National Park is a tropical(热带的)paradise on the island of St. John,which covers more than half of the small island.It is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the north and the Caribbean Sea to the south,where the climate is warm all year.The island's white sand beaches and clear blue seas are considered to be among the most beautiful in the Caribbean,gaining reputation and popularity among visitors across the world.How the national park was formedLaurence Rockefeller was an American millionaire,businessman and conservationist.He visited St.John in the 1950s. He quickly fell in love with the island's clean,pure beauty.He first purchased a small resort there, Caneel Bay. He also purchased more than 2,000 hectares of the island and donated it to the government.That donation created the U.S.Virgin Islands National Park.It was officially opened as a national park on December 1,1956.How to get to the parkThe only way to reach the park is by boat.Some people arrive on their own sailboats.Others come in on large cruise ships.Visitors also arrive on water taxis from the island of St.Thomas.What to do at the parkFrom the tropical hills to the blue waters there are many things to do at the Virgin Islands National,Park.Visitors enjoy fishing,camping,sailing,scuba diving, snorkeling (浮潜),and bird watching.Of all of the park's beaches,Trunk Bay Beach is said to be the most striking.Below the clear blue water is a 200-meter snorkeling path. Hawksnest Beach is also a popular place for snorkeling.Near the shore are three small reefs of Elkhorn Coral.The Elkhorn Coral gets its name from its shape.The reef looks similar to the huge horns(角)of an animal called elk.It is a very rare kind of reef.Scientists say it is in danger of becoming extinct.The Virgin Islands National Park is often called America's paradise.It protects St. John's pristine nature,and preserves the record of human history in the Caribbean.Don't hesitate! Come here and put yourself in the paradise!1. What is most likely attractive to tourists when they visit the Virgin Islands National Park?A. Its tropical climate.B. Its location.C. Its beautiful scenery.D. Its activity.2. What can we learn about the Virgin Islands National Park?A. An animal called elk is at risk of becoming dying out.B. Visitors can choose any means of transportation to get to the park.C Laurence's donation greatly contributed to the foundation of the park..D. There is a 200-meter snorkeling path beneath the water of the Hawksnest Beach.3. Where is the text probably taken from?A. A speech script.B. A travel brochure.C. An academic essay.D. A geographic journal.BBoeing’s Starliner spacecraft landed in a New Mexico desert late on Friday,months after its original departure date and without the two astronauts it carried when it launched in early June.The Nasa astronauts Suni Williams and Butch Wilmore should have flown the Starliner back to Earth in June, a week after launching in it.But thruster (推进器) failures and helium (氦气) leaks marred their ride. Instead, they will remain at the International Space Station (ISS) for the rest of the year and will return in February aboard the SpaceX Dragon spacecraft.their empty seats and blue spacesuits along with some old station equipment.After Nasa’s space shuttles were retired more than a decade ago, Nasa hired Boeing and SpaceX for orbital (轨道的) taxi service. Boeing ran into so many problems on its first test flight with no one onboard in 2019 that it had to repeat it. The 2022 do-over uncovered even more flaws and the repair bill topped $1.5bn.The Starliner finally blasted into space on 5 June from Florida’s Cape Canaveral Space Force Station after unsuccessful launches on 6 May and 1 June. On the first launch attempt,a problem was found with a valve (阀门) on the second stage,or upper portion, of the rocket. On the second,a computer tripped an automatic hold just three minutes and 50 seconds from liftoff. That was later attributed to a single ground power supply fault within one of the launch control computers.Even after it successfully launched,helium leaks continued to trouble the spacecraft. As the Starliner approached the ISS, two leaks were detected but Nasa determined the spacecraft remained stable. What started as an eight-day mission dragged on for three months after the leaks and faulty thrusters raised safety concerns.However, Nasa and Boeing officials insisted that the astronauts were not trapped and that the technical difficulties did not threaten the mission. “We’ll come home when we’re ready,” Steve Stich, Nasa’s commercial crew program manager, said in the press conference in July.4. What does the underlined word “marred” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Underwent.B. Stimulated.C. Facilitated.D. Blocked.5. What do we know about Boeing’s spacecraft launches?A. They were filled with delays and setbacks.B. Starliner’s initial launch went smoothly.C. The 2019 manned spaceflight was a failureD. Reasons of the problems were still unidentified.6. Why didn’t the two astronauts come back to Earth on time?A. Because the project went over the original budget.B. Because they were both in serious health conditions.C. Because it was dangerous to take the Starliner then.D. Because Nasa officials failed to reach an agreement.7. What can be implied according to the last two paragraphs?A. The two astronauts would come back soon.B. Officials considered the situation within control.C. Nasa officials were pessimistic and pressed.D. The mission would be completed in 3 months.CActor Alicia Silverstone worried fans on social media recently. While on a trip to England, she posted a TikTok video of herself tasting a kind of poisonous berries she found along a sidewalk. Silverstone, who appeared in the 1995 movie Clueless, said she thought the fruit was a tomato. But when she bit into it and found that it had an unusual taste, she realized that it was not the common food.Plant expert, Jessica Damiano, recently wrote about poisonous plants that look like common foods for the Associated Press. She said the fruit that looked like a tomato appears to have been a Jerusalem cherry.Often sold as a houseplant, all parts of the Jerusalem cherry are poisonous.The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals says the plant is not only harmful to humans but also to dogs, cats and horses.Eating large amounts can be deadly. Silverstone was lucky because she did not swallow the berries. She was also lucky because the berries were reddish orange, which meant they were ripe. While all parts of the Jerusalem cherry are poisonous, the plant’s unripe berries can be especially dangerous.They can cause problems with the central nervous and gastrointestinal (肠胃的) systems.The Jerusalem cherry is not the only toxic plant that looks like a safe one.The poisonous Carolina horsenettle fruit also looks like a tomato. It is also known as devil’s potato to add to the confusion.The Virginia creeper fruit also looks like blueberries, and it can be deadly if eaten.Wild parsnip has flowers like a carrot and leaves like parsley (欧芹). Simply touching it can cause a skin problem. Creeping buttercup looks like flat-leaf parsley. It can cause severe stomach pain,vomiting (呕吐) and heart problems. And Canadian moonseed can be confused with wild grape. However, its taste is so bitter that you would likely spit it out before swallowing it. This is a good thing because eating it can lead to death.If you think you have swallowed a toxic plant by mistake, contact a poison control center in your area or your doctor immediately. There is additional information on the website .Damiano advises using common sense with plants you find in the wild. If you are not completely sure that something is food, do not eat it.8. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?A. To present the author’s argument.B. To introduce the topic of the article.C. To raise the public’s attention of wild plants.D. To popularize the knowledge of medical science.9. Why was Silverstone thought to be fortunate?A. The berries she had a bite were ripe.B. She found the fruit she ate was a tomato.C. She had a good knowledge of wild plants.D. The amount of the berries she consumed was large.10. According to the description,what plants can be most harmful to people?A. Carolina horsenettle and wild parsnip.B Virginia creeper and creeping buttercup..C. Wild parsnip and Canadian moonseed.D. Canadian moonseed and Virginia creeper.11. What may be the suitable measure if someone mistakenly swallows a poisonous plant?A. Spitting it out as quickly as possible.B. Making an appointment with their doctor.C. Getting in touch with the local authority instantly.D. Searching for the relevant information on the Internet.DSuperhuman artificial intelligence has played a role in our life. When it comes to playing games like chess, or solving difficult scientific challenges like predicting protein structures, computers are well ahead of humans. But we have one superpower they aren’t close to mastering:mind reading.We are blessed with a mysterious ability to reason the goals,desires and beliefs of others, a crucial skill that means we can anticipate other people’s actions and the consequences of our own.If AIs are to become truly useful in everyday life — to cooperate effectively with us or to understand that a child might run into the road after a bouncing ball — we have to give them this gift that evolution has given us to read other people's minds.In psychology, the ability to infer another’s mental state is referred to as theory of mind. In humans, this capacity develops at a very young age. How to reproduce the capability in machines is far from clear, though.One of the main challenges is context. For instance, if someone asks whether you are going for a run and you reply “it’s raining”, they can quickly conclude the answer is no. But this requires huge amounts of background knowledge about running, weather and human preferences.Besides, whether humans or AI, the theory of mind is supposed to emerge naturally from one’s own learning process. Building prior knowledge into AI makes it reliant on our imperfect understanding of theory of mind.In addition, AI may be capable of developing approaches we could never imagine. There can be many forms of theory of mind that we don’t know about simply because we live in a human body that has certain types of senses and a certain ability to think.But we might still want AI to have a more human-like form of theory of mind. Humans can clearly explain their goals to each other using common language and ideas. While letting AI form the theory of mind in their learning process is likely to lead to developing more powerful AI,plainly building in shared ways to represent knowledge may be crucial for humans to trust and communicate with AI.It is important to remember, though, that the pursuit of machines with theory of mind is about more than just building more useful robots. It is also a stepping stone on the path towards a deeper goal for AI and robotics research: building truly self-aware machines.Whether we will ever get there remains to be seen. But along the way thinking about other people and other agents, we are on the path to learning to think about ourselves.12. According to the passage,which of the following contexts can AI understand well?A. When asked where an object is, a naughty kid points in the wrong direction.B. When a teacher asks for a boy’s homework,he answers “my dog ate it” .C. When you are treated with a hotpot for dinner, you reply “a sore throat” .D. When a mom tells her kid milk is good for health, the kid drinks it up.13. Which statement will the author agree with most about theory of mind?A. Humans’ theory of mind is far from perfect.B. Humans limit AI’s theory of mind to an extent.C. AI’s theory of mind development has been totally decoded.D. Shared forms of theory of mind result in more powerful AI.14. What is the author’s attitude toward truly self-aware machines?A. AmbiguousB. Conservative.C. Skeptical.D. Approving.15. Which would be the best title for the passage?A. AI’s Theory of Mind Will Define Our FutureB. AI with Its Own Theory of Mind Is ExpectedC. AI’s Theory of Mind — a Blessing or Suffering to HumansD. Theory of Mind Bridges the Gap Between Humans and AI第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

雅礼中学2025届高三月考试卷（三）思想政治本试题卷分为选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页。

时量75分钟，满分100分。

第Ⅰ卷选择题（共48分）一、选择题（本大题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。

每小题只有一项符合题目要求）1．研读经典，致敬伟人。

对下列两则原文相同点的解读，科学的是（）1847年，马克思在《哲学的贫困》中指出：“当文明一开始的时候，生产就开始建立在级别、等级和阶级的对抗上，最后建立在积累的劳动和直接的劳动的对抗上。

没有对抗就没有进步。

这是文明直到今天所遵循的规律。

”1848年，马克思、恩格斯在《共产党宣言》中指出：“资产阶级赖以形成的生产资料和交换手段，是在封建社会里造成的。

在这些生产资料和交换手段发展的一定阶段上……封建的所有制关系，就不再适应已经发展的生产力了……起而代之的是自由竞争以及与自由竞争相适应的社会制度和政治制度、资产阶级的经济统治和政治统治。

”①两者都依据社会基本矛盾运动规律阐释社会形态的更替问题②前者揭示社会形态更替的条件性，后者揭示其更替的必然性③依据两者都能推断资本主义终将被社会主义取代的必然趋势④两者都揭示了人类社会的发展历史就是一部阶级斗争的历史A．①③B．①④C．②③D．②④2．习近平总书记提出：“我们的教育要善于从五千年中华传统文化中汲取优秀的东西，同时也不摒弃西方文明成果，真正把青少年培养成为拥有‘四个自信’的孩子。

”关于“四个自信”，下列说法正确的是（）①中国特色社会主义道路是实现社会主义现代化、创造美好生活的必由之路②中国特色社会主义理论体系科学回答了建设社会主义的一系列的基本问题③中国特色社会主义制度是党和人民在长期实践探索中形成的科学制度体系④中国特色社会主义文化是激励全党全国各族人民奋勇前进的强大物质力量A．①②B．①③C．②④D．③④3．中国特色社会主义开创于改革开放时期，但了解其形成和发展的脉络，认识其历史必然性和科学真理性，应该拉长时间尺度，了解社会主义演进的历程。

雅礼中学2023届高三月考试卷(一)英语命题人、审题人：高三英语备课组本试题卷共9页。

时量120分钟。

满分150分。

注意事项:1.答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5小题﹔每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?A.£ 19.15.B. £9.18.C. £9.15.答案是C。

1.What does the woman do?A. She's a coffee shop owner.B. She's a tour guide.C. She's a photographer.2. What will the man do next?A. Book a hotel.B. Take a plane.C. Make a business plan.3. What does the man want to order at first?A.A mango juice.B.A chicken burger.C.A cheeseburger.4. What time does the woman usually pick up the boy?A. At about 5:30 p.m.B. At about 6:00 p. m.C. At about 6:30 p.m.5. What does the woman think of the boy?A. He's upset.B. He's noisy.C. He's quiet.第二节(共15小题﹔每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。

雅礼中学2025届高三月考试卷（三）数学命题人：审题人：得分：________本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，共8页.时量120分钟，满分150分.第Ⅰ卷一、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.命题“存在，”的否定是A.存在，B.不存在，C.任意，D.任意，2.若集合（i 是虚数单位），，则等于A. B. C. D.3.已知奇函数，则A.-1B.0C.1D.4.已知，是两条不同的直线，，是两个不同的平面，则下列可以推出的是A.，， B.，，C.，， D.，，5.已知函数图象的一个最高点与相邻的对称中心之间的距离为5，则A.0B. C.4D.6.已知是圆上一个动点，且直线与直线x ∈Z 220x x m ++…x ∈Z 220x x m ++>x ∈Z 220x x m ++>x ∈Z 220x x m ++…x ∈Z 220x x m ++>{}2341,i ,i ,i A ={}1,1B =-A B ⋂{}1-{}1{}1,1-∅()()22cos x x f x m x -=+⋅m =12m l αβαβ⊥m l ⊥m β⊂l α⊥m l ⊥l αβ⋂=m α⊂m l P m α⊥l β⊥l α⊥m l P m βP()()4cos (0)f x x ωϕω=+>6f ϕπ⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭2ϕ2ϕM 22:1C x y +=1:30l mx ny m n --+=2:30l nx my m n +--=（，，）相交于点，则的取值范围为A. B.C. D.7.是椭圆上一点，，是的两个焦点，，点在的角平分线上，为原点，，且.则的离心率为A.8.设集合，那么集合中满足条件“”的元素个数为A.60B.90C.120D.130二、选择题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求，全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分.9.如图为某地2014年至2023年的粮食年产量折线图，则下列说法正确的是A.这10年粮食年产量的极差为16B.这10年粮食年产量的第70百分位数为35C.这10年粮食年产量的平均数为33.7D.前5年的粮食年产量的方差小于后5年粮食年产量的方差10.已知函数满足，，并且当时，，则下列关于函数说法正确的是A. B.最小正周期m n ∈R 220m n +≠P PM 1,1⎤-+⎦1⎤-⎦1,1⎤-+⎦1⎤+⎦P 2222:1(0)x y C a b a b+=>>1F 2F C 120PF PF ⋅= Q 12F PF ∠O 1OQPF P OQ b =C 12(){}{}{}12345,,,,|1,0,1,1,2,3,4,5iAx x x x x x i ∈-=A 1234513x x x x x ++++……()f x ()()22f x f x ππ+=-()()0fx f x ππ++-=()0,x π∈()cos f x x =()f x 302f π⎛⎫=⎪⎝⎭2T π=C.的图象关于直线对称D.的图象关于对称11.若双曲线，，分别为左、右焦点，设点是在双曲线上且在第一象限的动点，点为的内心，，则下列说法不正确的是A.双曲线的渐近线方程为B.点的运动轨迹为双曲线的一部分C.若，，则D.不存在点，使得取得最小值答题卡题号1234567891011得分答案第Ⅱ卷三、填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分.12.的展开式中的系数为________.13.各角的对应边分别为，，，满足，则角的取值范围为________.14.对任意的，不等式（其中e 是自然对数的底）恒成立，则的最大值为________.四、解答题：本题共5小题，共77分.请在答题卡指定区域内作答.解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.（本小题满分13分）设为正项等比数列的前项和，，.（1）求数列的通项公式；（2）数列满足，，求数列的前项和.16.（本小题满分15分）如图，在四棱锥，，，，点在上，且，.（1）若为线段的中点，求证：平面；()f x x π=()f x (),0π-22:145x y C -=1F 2F P I12PF F △()0,4A C 045x y±=I 122PF PF =12PI xPF yPF =+ 29y x -=P 1PA PF +523x x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭4x ABC △a b c 1b ca c a b+++…A *n ∈N 11e 1nan n n ⎛⎫⎛⎫+⋅ ⎪ ⎪+⎝⎭⎝⎭…a n S {}n a n 21332S a a =+416a ={}n a {}n b 11b =1222log log n nn n b a b a ++={}n b n n T P ABCD -BCAD P 1AB BC ==3AD =E AD PE AD ⊥2DE PE ==F PE BFP PCD（2）若平面，求平面与平面所成夹角的余弦值.17.（本小题满分15分）已知函数有两个极值点为，，.（1）当时，求的值；（2）若（e 为自然对数的底数），求的最大值.18.（本小题满分17分）已知抛物线的焦点为，为上任意一点，且的最小值为1.（1）求抛物线的方程；（2）已知为平面上一动点，且过能向作两条切线，切点为，，记直线，，的斜率分别为，，，且满足.①求点的轨迹方程；②试探究：是否存在一个圆心为，半径为1的圆，使得过可以作圆的两条切线，，切线，分别交抛物线于不同的两点，和点，，且为定值？若存在，求圆的方程，不存在，说明理由.19.（本小题满分17分）对于一组向量，，，…，（且），令，如果存在，使得，那么称是该向量组的“长向量”.（1）设，且，若是向量组，，的“长向量”，求实数的取值范围；（2）若，且，向量组，，，…，是否存在“长向量”？给出你的结论并说明理由；（3）已知，，均是向量组，，的“长向量”，其中，AB ⊥PAD PAB PCD ()21ln 2f x x x ax =+-1x ()212x x x <a ∈R 52a =()()21f x f x -21e x x …()()21f x f x -2:2(0)E x py p =>F H E HF E P P E M N PM PN PF 1k 2k 3k 123112k k k +=P ()0,(0)Q λλ>P Q 1l 2l 1l 2l E ()11,A s t ()22,B s t ()33,C s t ()44,D s t 1234s s s s Q 1a 2a 3a n a N n ∈3n …123n n S a a a a =++++{}()1,2,3,,p a p n ∈ p n p a S a - …p a(),2n a n x n =+n ∈N 0n >3a 1a 2a 3ax sin,cos 22n n n a ππ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭n ∈N 0n >1a 2a 3a 7a 1a 2a3a1a2a3a()1sin ,cos a x x =.设在平面直角坐标系中有一点列，，，…，，满足为坐标原点，为的位置向量的终点，且与关于点对称，与（且）关于点对称，求的最小值.()22cos ,2sin a x x = 1P 2P 3P n P 1P 2P 3a 21k P +2k P 1P 22k P +21k P +k ∈N 0k >2P10151016P P参考答案一、二、选择题题号1234567891011答案DCADCBCDACDADABD1.D2.C 【解析】集合，，.故选C.3.A【解析】是奇函数，，，，，.故选A.4.D 【解析】有可能出现，平行这种情况，故A 错误；会出现平面，相交但不垂直的情况，故B 错误；，，，故C 错误；，，又由，故D 正确.故选D.5.C 【解析】设的最小正周期为，函数图象的一个最高点与相邻的对称中心之间的距离为5，则有，得，则有，解得，所以，所以.故选C.6.B 【解析】依题意，直线恒过定点，直线恒过定点，显然直线，因此，直线与交点的轨迹是以线段为直径的圆，其方程为：，圆心，半径，而圆的圆心，半径，如图：，两圆外离，由圆的几何性质得：，{}i,1,1,i A =--{}1,1B =-{}1,1A B ⋂=-()f x ()()22cos x x f x m x -=+⋅()()()2222x x x xf x f x m --⎡⎤∴+-=+++⎣⎦cos 0x =()()122cos 0x x m x -∴++=10m ∴+=1m =-αβαβm l P m α⊥l βαβ⊥⇒P l α⊥m l m α⇒⊥P m βαβ⇒⊥P ()f x T 224254T ⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭12T =212πω=6πω=()4cos 6f x x πϕ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭664cos 4cos046f ϕϕπϕππ⎛⎫⎛⎫-=-⨯+== ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭()()1:310l m x n y ---=()3,1A ()()2:130l n x m y -+-=()1,3B 12l l ⊥1l 2l P AB 22(2)(2)2x y -+-=()2,2N 2r =C ()0,0C 11r =12NC r r =>+12min1PMNC r r =--=-，所以的取值范围为.故选B.7.C【解析】如图，设，，延长交于点，由题意知，为的中点，故为中点，又，即，则，又由点在的角平分线上得，则是等腰直角三角形，故有化简得即代入得，即，又，所以，所以，.故选C.8.D【解析】因为或，所以若，则在中至少有一个，且不多于3个.所以可根据中含0的个数进行分类讨论.①五个数中有2个0，则另外3个从1，-1中取，共有方法数为，②五个数中有3个0，则另外2个从1，-1中取，共有方法数为，③五个数中有4个0，则另外1个从1，-1中取，共有方法数为，所以共有种.故选D.9.ACD 【解析】将样本数据从小到大排列为26，28，30，32，32，35，35，38，39，42，这10年的粮食年产量极差为，故A 正确；，结合A 选项可知第70百分位数为第7个数和第812max1PMNC r r =++=+PM 1⎤-+⎦1PF m =2PF n =OQ 2PF A 1OQ PF P O 12F F A 2PF 120PF PF ⋅= 12PF PF ⊥2QAP π∠=Q 12F PF ∠4QPA π∠=AQP △2222,4,11,22m n a m n c b n m ⎧⎪+=⎪+=⎨⎪⎪+=⎩2,2,m n b m n a -=⎧⎨+=⎩,,m a b n a b =+⎧⎨=-⎩2224m n c +=222()()4a b a b c ++-=2222a b c +=222b a c =-2223a c =223e =e =0i x =1i x =1234513x x x x x ++++……()1,2,3,4,5i x i =1i x =i x 2315C 2N =⋅3225C 2N =⋅435C 2N =⋅23324555C 2C 2C 2130N =⋅+⋅+⋅=422616-=1070%7⨯=个数的平均数，即，故B 不正确；这10年粮食年产量的平均数为，故C 正确；结合图形可知，前5年的粮食年产量的波动小于后5年的粮食产量波动，所以前5年的粮食年产量的方差小于后5年的粮食年产量的方差，故D 正确.故选ACD.10.AD 【解析】由于时，，并且满足，则函数的图象关于直线对称.由于，所以，故，故，故函数的最小正周期为，根据，知函数的图象关于对称.由于时，，，故A 正确，由于函数的最小正周期为，故B 错误；由函数的图象关于对称，易知的图象不关于直线对称，故C 错误；根据函数图象关于点对称，且函数图象关于直线对称，知函数图象关于点对称，又函数的最小正周期为，则函数图象一定关于点对称，故D 正确.故选AD.11.ABD 【解析】双曲线，可知其渐近线方程为，A错误；设，，的内切圆与，，分别切于点，，，可得，，，由双曲线的定义可得：，即，又，解得，则点的横坐标为，由点与点的横坐标相同，即点的横坐标为，故在定直线上运动，B 错误；由，且，解得，，，，则，同理可得：，设直线，直线，联立方程得，设的内切圆的半径为，则，解得，即，353836.52+=()13232302835384239263533.710⨯+++++++++=()0,x π∈()cos f x x =()()22f x f x ππ+=-()f x2x π=()()0fx f x ππ++-=()()fx f x ππ+=--()()()()()22f x f x f x f x ππππ--+=+=--=-()()()24f x f x f x ππ=-+=+4π()()0fx f x ππ++-=()f x (),0π()0,x π∈()cos f x x =3cos 022222f f ff πππππππ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=+=--=-=-=⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭4π()f x (),0π()f x x π=(),0π2x π=()3,0π4π(),0π-22:145x y C -=02x =1PF m =2PF n =12PF F △1PF 2PF 12F F S K T PS PK =11F S FT =22F T F K =2m n a -=12122F S F K FT F T a -=-=122FT F T c +=2F T c a =-T a I T I 2a =I 2x =122PF PF =1224PF PF a -==18PF =24PF =1226F F c ==126436167cos 2868PF F ∠+-∴==⨯⨯12sin PF F ∠==12tan PF F ∠∴=21tan PF F ∠=)1:3PF y x =+)2:3PF y x =-(P 12PF F △r ()12118684622PF F S r =⨯⨯=⨯++⋅△r =I ⎛ ⎝，，，由，可得解得，，故，C 正确；，，当且仅当，，三点共线取等号，易知，故存在使得取最小值，D 错误.故选ABD.三、填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分.12.90 【解析】展开式的通项公式为，令，解得，所以展开式中的系数为.13. 【解析】从所给条件入手，进行不等式化简，观察到余弦定理公式特征，进而利用余弦定理表示，由可得，可得.14. 【解析】对任意的，不等式（其中e 是自然对数的底）恒成立，只需恒成立，只需恒成立，只需恒成立，2,PI ⎛∴=- ⎝ (17,PF =- (21,PF =- 12PI xPF yPF =+ 27,,x y -=--⎧⎪⎨=⎪⎩29x =49y =29y x -=1224PF PF a -== 12244PA PF PA PF AF ∴+=+++…A P 2F ()1min549PA PF +=+=P 1PA PF +523x x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭()()521031553C C 3rr rrr r r T x x x --+⎛⎫=⋅⋅=⋅⋅ ⎪⎝⎭1034r -=2r =4x 225C 310990⋅=⨯=0,3π⎛⎤⎥⎝⎦()()1b c b a b c a c a c a b+⇒+++++……()()222a c a b b c a bc ++⇒++…cos A 222b c a ac +-…2221cos 22b c a A bc +-=…0,3A π⎛⎤∈ ⎥⎝⎦11ln2-*n ∈N 11e 1n an n n ⎛⎫⎛⎫+⋅ ⎪ ⎪+⎝⎭⎝⎭…11e n an +⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭…()1ln 11n a n ⎛⎫++ ⎪⎝⎭…11ln 1a n n -⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭…构造，，，.下证，再构造函数，，，，设，，，令，，，，在时，，单调递减，，即，所以递减，，即，所以递减，并且，所以有，，所以，所以在上递减，所以的最小值为.，即的最大值为.四、解答题：本题共5小题，共77分.请在答题卡指定区域内作答.解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.【解析】（1）因为是正项等比数列，所以，公比，因为，所以，即，则，解得（舍去）或，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（3分）又因为，所以，所以数列的通项公式为.∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（6分）（2）依题意得，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（7分）当时，，所以，因为，所以，当时，符合上式，所以数列的通项公式为.∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（10分）()()11ln 1m x x x =-+(]0,1x ∈()()()()()22221ln 11ln 1x x x m x x x x ++-=++'(]0,1x ∈()(]22ln 1,0,11x x x x+<∈+()()22ln 11x h x x x =+-+(]0,1x ∈()()()2221ln 12(1)x x x xh x x ++-'-=+(]0,1x ∈()()()221ln 12F x x x x x =++--()()2ln 12F x x x =+-'(]0,1x ∈()()2ln 12G x x x =+-(]0,1x ∈()21xG x x=-+'(]0,1x ∈(]0,1x ∈()0G x '<()G x ()()00G x G <=()0F x '<()F x ()()00F x F <=()0h x '<()h x ()00h =()22ln 11x x x+<+(]0,1x ∈()0m x '<()m x (]0,1x ∈()m x ()111ln2m =-11ln2a ∴-…a 11ln2-{}n a 10a >0q >21332S a a =+()121332a a a a +=+21112320a q a q a --=22320q q --=12q =-2q =3411816a a q a ===12a ={}n a 2n n a =1222222log log 2log log 22n n n n n n b a nb a n +++===+2n …()324123112311234511n n b b b b n b b b b n n n --⨯⋅⋅⋅=⨯⨯⨯⨯=++ ()121n b b n n =+11b =()21n b n n =+1n =1n b ={}n b ()21n b n n =+因为，所以.∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（13分）16.【解析】（1）设为的中点，连接，，因为是中点，所以，且，因为，，，，所以四边形为平行四边形，，且，所以，且，即四边形为平行四边形，所以，因为平面平面，所以平面.∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（6分）（2）因为平面，所以平面，又，所以，，相互垂直，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（7分）以为坐标原点，建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系，则，，，，，所以，，，，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（9分）设平面的一个法向量为，则取，则，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（11分）设平面的一个法向量为，()211211n b n n n n ⎛⎫==- ⎪++⎝⎭1111112212221223111n n T n n n n ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+-++-=-=⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪+++⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭M PD FM CM F PE FMED P 12FM ED =AD BC P 1AB BC ==3AD =2DE PE ==ABCE BC ED P 12BC ED =FM BC P FM BC =BCMF BFCM P BF ⊄,PCD CM ⊂PCD BF P PCD AB ⊥PAD CE ⊥PAD PE AD ⊥EP ED EC E ()0,0,2P ()0,1,0A -()1,1,0B -()1,0,0C ()0,2,0D ()1,0,0AB = ()0,1,2AP = ()1,0,2PC =- ()1,2,0CD =-PAB ()111,,m x y z =1110,20,m AB x m AP y z ⎧⋅==⎪⎨⋅=+=⎪⎩ 11z =-()0,2,1m =- PCD ()222,,n x y z =则取，则，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（13分）设平面与平面所成夹角为，则∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（15分）17.【解析】（1）函数的定义域为，则，当时，可得，，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（2分）当或时，；当时，；所以在区间，上单调递增，在区间上单调递减；∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（4分）所以和是函数的两个极值点，又，所以，；所以，即当时，.∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（6分）（2）易知，又，所以，是方程的两个实数根，则且，，所以，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（9分）所以，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（11分）设，由，可得，令，，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（13分）则，所以在区间上单调递减，222220,20,n PC x z n CD x y ⎧⋅=-=⎪⎨⋅=-+=⎪⎩ 21z =()2,1,1n = PAB PCD θcos θ=()21ln 2f x x x ax =+-()0,+∞()211x ax f x x a x x -+=+-='52a =()()2152122x x x x f x x x'⎛⎫---+ ⎪⎝⎭==10,2x ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭()2,x ∈+∞()0f x '>1,22x ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭()0f x '<()f x 10,2⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭()2,+∞1,22⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭12x =2x =()f x 12x x <112x =22x =()()()211115152ln225ln 2ln222848f x f x f f ⎛⎫⎛⎫-=-=+--+-=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭52a =()()21152ln28f x f x -=-()()()()22221212111ln2x f x f x x x a x x x -=+---()21x ax f x x-+='1x 2x 210x ax -+=2Δ40a =->120x x a +=>121x x =2a >()()()()()()()2222222121212112211111lnln 22x x f x f x x x a x x x x x x x x x x -=+---=+--+-()()222222221212111121121111lnln ln 222x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x ⎛⎫=--=-⋅-=-- ⎪⎝⎭21x t x =21e x x (21)e x t x =…()11ln 2g t t t t ⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭e t …()222111(1)1022t g t t t t-⎛⎫=-+=-< ⎪⎝⎭'()g t [)e,+∞得，故的最大值为.∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（15分）18.【解析】（1）设抛物线的准线为，过点作直线于点，由抛物线的定义得，所以当点与原点重合时，，所以，所以抛物线的方程为.∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（4分）（2）①设，过点且斜率存在的直线，联立消去，整理得：，由题可知，即，所以，是该方程的两个不等实根，由韦达定理可得∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（6分）又因为，所以，，由，有，所以，因为，，，所以点的轨迹方程为.②由①知，设，，且，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（9分）联立消去，整理得，又，，，，由韦达定理可得，同理可得，所以，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（11分）又因为和以圆心为，半径为1的圆相切，，即.同理，所以，是方程的两个不等实根，()()11e 1e 1e 12e 22eg t g ⎛⎫=--=-+ ⎪⎝⎭…()()21f x f x -e 1122e -+E l 2py =-H 1HH ⊥l 1H 1HF HH =H O 1min 12pHH ==2p =E 24x y =(),P m n P ():l y k x m n =-+()24,,x y y k x m n ⎧=⎪⎨=-+⎪⎩y 24440x kx km n -+-=()2Δ164440k km n =--=20k mk n -+=1k 2k 1212,,k k m k k n +=⎧⎨=⎩()0,1F 31n k m -=0m ≠123112k k k +=121232k k k k k +=21m m n n =-0m ≠12n n -=1n ∴=-P ()10y x =-≠(),1P m -()14:1l y k x m =--()25:1l y k x m =--1m ≠±0m ≠()244,1,x y y k x m ⎧=⎪⎨=--⎪⎩y 2444440x k x k m -++=()11,A s t ()22,B s t ()33,C s t ()44,D s t 12444s s k m =+34544s s k m =+()()()212344515454444161616s s s s k m k m k k m m k k =++=+++1l ()0,(0)Q λλ>1()()2224412120m k m k λλλ-++++=()()2225512120m k m k λλλ-++++=4k 5k ()()22212120m k m k λλλ-++++=所以由韦达定理可得∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（14分）所以，若为定值，则，又因为，所以，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（16分）所以圆的方程为.∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（17分）19.【解析】（1）由题意可得：，则.∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（3分）（2）存在“长向量”，且“长向量”为，，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（5分）理由如下：由题意可得，若存在“长向量”，只需使，又，故只需使，即，即，当或6时，符合要求，故存在“长向量”，且“长向量”为，.∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（8分）（3）由题意，得，，即，即，同理，，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（10分）三式相加并化简，得，即，，所以，设，由得∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（12分）设，则依题意得：∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（13分）()452245221,12,1m k k m k k m λλλ⎧++=-⎪⎪-⎨+⎪=⎪-⎩()()()22222123445452216161616162221621611m m s s s s k k m m k k m m λλλλ=+++=+--+=-+--1234s s s s 220λ-=0λ>λ=Q 22(1x y +=312a a a +…40x -……2a 6a1n a ==p a1n p S a - …()()712371010101,01010100,1S a a a a =++++=+-+++--+++-+=-71p S a -=== 022cos12p π+ (1)1cos 22p π--……2p =2a 6a123a a a + (2)2123a a a + …()22123a a a +...222123232a a a a a ++⋅ (2)22213132a a a a a ++⋅ (222)312122a a a a a ++⋅…2221231213230222a a a a a a a a a +++⋅+⋅+⋅…()21230a a a ++…1230a a a ++ …1230a a a ++=()3,a u v = 1220a a a ++= sin 2cos ,cos 2sin ,u x x v x x =--⎧⎨=--⎩(),n n n P x y ()()()()()()212111222222222121,2,,,,2,,,k k k k k k k k x y x y x y x y x y x y ++++++⎧=-⎪⎨=-⎪⎩得，故，，所以，，当且仅当时等号成立，∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（16分）故.∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙∙（17分）()()()()2222221122,2,,,k k k k x y x y x y x y ++⎡⎤=-+⎣⎦()()()()2222221122,2,,,k k x y k x y x y x y ++⎡⎤=-+⎣⎦()()()()2121221122,2,,,k k x y k x y x y x y ++⎡⎤=--+⎣⎦()()()212222212221221112,4,,4k k k k k k P P x x y y k x y x y k PP ++++++⎡⎤=--=-=⎣⎦22212(sin 2cos )(cos 2sin )58sin cos 54sin21PP x x x x x x x =--+--=+=+ …()4x t t ππ=-∈Z 10151016min1014420282P P =⨯=。

炎德英才大联考雅礼中学2025届高三月考试卷（三）数学一、选择题：本题共8小题，每小题5分，共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.命题“存在x ∈Z ，220x x m ++”的否定是()A.存在x ∈Z ，220x x m ++> B.不存在x ∈Z ，220x x m ++>C.任意x ∈Z ，220x x m ++ D.任意x ∈Z ，220x x m ++>2.若集合{}2341,i ,i ,i A =（i 是虚数单位），{}1,1B =-，则A B ⋂等于()A.{}1- B.{}1 C.{}1,1- D.∅3.已知奇函数()()22cos x x f x m x -=+⋅，则m =()A.-1B.0C.1D.124.已知m ，l 是两条不同的直线，α，β是两个不同的平面，则下列可以推出αβ⊥的是()A.m l ⊥，m β⊂，l α⊥B.m l ⊥，l αβ⋂=，m α⊂C.m l ，m α⊥，l β⊥ D.l α⊥，m l ，m β5.已知函数()()4cos (0)f x x ωϕω=+>图象的一个最高点与相邻的对称中心之间的距离为5，则6f ϕπ⎛⎫-=⎪⎝⎭()A.0B.2ϕC.4D.2ϕ6.已知M 是圆22:1C x y +=上一个动点，且直线1:30l mx ny m n --+=与直线2:30l nx my m n +--=（m ，n ∈R ，220m n +≠）相交于点P ，则PM 的取值范围为()A.1,1⎤-⎦B.1⎤⎦C.1,1⎤-⎦D.1⎤-+⎦7.P 是椭圆2222:1(0)x y C a b a b+=>>上一点，1F ，2F 是C 的两个焦点，120PF PF ⋅= ，点Q 在12F PF ∠的角平分线上，O 为原点，1OQ PF ，且OQ b =.则C 的离心率为()A.12B.33C.63D.328.设集合(){}{}{}12345,,,,|1,0,1,1,2,3,4,5i A x x x x x x i ∈-=，那么集合A 中满足条件“”的元素个数为()A.60B.90C.120D.130二、选择题：本题共3小题，每小题6分，共18分.在每小题给出的选项中，有多项符合题目要求，全部选对的得6分，部分选对的得部分分，有选错的得0分.9.如图为某地2014年至2023年的粮食年产量折线图，则下列说法正确的是()A.这10年粮食年产量的极差为16B.这10年粮食年产量的第70百分位数为35C.这10年粮食年产量的平均数为33.7D.前5年的粮食年产量的方差小于后5年粮食年产量的方差10.已知函数()f x 满足()()22f x f x ππ+=-，()()0f x f x ππ++-=，并且当()0,x π∈时，()cos f x x =，则下列关于函数()f x 说法正确的是()A.302f π⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭B.最小正周期2T π=C.()f x 的图象关于直线x π=对称D.()f x 的图象关于(),0π-对称11.若双曲线22:145x y C -=，1F ，2F 分别为左、右焦点，设点P 是在双曲线上且在第一象限的动点，点I为12PF F △的内心，()0,4A ，则下列说法不正确的是()A.双曲线C 的渐近线方程为045x y±=B.点I 的运动轨迹为双曲线的一部分C.若122PF PF =，12PI xPF yPF =+，则29y x -=D.不存在点P ，使得1PA PF +取得最小值答题卡题号1234567891011得分答案第Ⅱ卷三、填空题：本题共3小题，每小题5分，共15分.12.523x x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭的展开式中4x 的系数为________.13.ABC△各角的对应边分别为a ，b ，c ，满足1b ca c a b+++，则角A 的取值范围为________.14.对任意的*n ∈N ，不等式（其中e 是自然对数的底）恒成立，则a 的最大值为________.四、解答题：本题共5小题，共77分.请在答题卡指定区域内作答.解答时应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.15.（本小题满分13分）设n S 为正项等比数列{}n a 的前n 项和，21332S a a =+，416a =.（1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）数列{}n b 满足11b =，1222log log n nn n b a b a ++=，求数列{}n b 的前n 项和n T .16.（本小题满分15分）如图，在四棱锥P ABCD -，BC AD ，1AB BC ==，3AD =，点E 在AD 上，且PE AD ⊥，2DE PE ==.（1）若F 为线段PE 的中点，求证：BF平面PCD ；（2）若AB ⊥平面PAD ，求平面PAB 与平面PCD 所成夹角的余弦值.17.（本小题满分15分）已知函数()21ln 2f x x x ax =+-有两个极值点为1x ，()212x x x <，a ∈R .（1）当52a =时，求()()21f x f x -的值；（2）若x 2≥ex 1（e 为自然对数的底数），求()()21f x f x -的最大值.18.（本小题满分17分）已知抛物线2:2(0)E x py p =>的焦点为F ，H 为E 上任意一点，且HF 的最小值为1.（1）求抛物线E 的方程；（2）已知P 为平面上一动点，且过P 能向E 作两条切线，切点为M ，N ，记直线PM ，PN ，PF 的斜率分别为1k ，2k ，3k ，且满足123112k k k +=.①求点P 的轨迹方程；②试探究：是否存在一个圆心为()0,(0)Q λλ>，半径为1的圆，使得过P 可以作圆Q 的两条切线1l ，2l ，切线1l ，2l 分别交抛物线E 于不同的两点()11,A s t ，()22,B s t 和点()33,C s t ，()44,D s t ，且1234s s s s 为定值？若存在，求圆Q 的方程，不存在，说明理由.19.（本小题满分17分）对于一组向量1a ，2a ，3a ，…，n a （N n ∈且3n ），令123n n S a a a a =++++，如果存在{}()1,2,3,,p a p n ∈，使得pn p a S a - ，那么称p a是该向量组的“长向量”.（1）设(),2n a n x n =+，n ∈N 且0n >，若3a是向量组1a，2a，3a的“长向量”，求实数x 的取值范围；（2）若sin,cos 22n n n a ππ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭，n ∈N 且0n >，向量组1a ，2a ，3a ，…，7a 是否存在“长向量”？给出你的结论并说明理由；（3）已知1a ，2a ，3a 均是向量组1a ，2a ，3a 的“长向量”，其中()1sin ,cos a x x = ，()22cos ,2sin a x x =.设在平面直角坐标系中有一点列1P ，2P ，3P ，…，n P ，满足1P 为坐标原点，2P 为3a的位置向量的终点，且21k P +与2k P 关于点1P 对称，22k P +与21k P +（k ∈N 且0k >）关于点2P 对称，求10151016P P的最小值.。

大联考雅礼中学2024高三英语月考试卷全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1大联考雅礼中学2024高三英语月考试卷Listening Comprehension (30 points)Part ASection 1：Picture Description (5 points)Describe the picture briefly and answer the following questions:1. Where do you think this picture was taken?2. What are the people in the picture doing?3. What do you think will happen next?Part BSection 2: Multiple Choice Questions (10 points)Listen to the short dialogues and choose the correct answer to each question.1. What are they discussing?A. The weatherB. The restaurantC. The movie2. Why does the man want to change his flight?A. Due to a family emergencyB. To go on vacation earlierC. To visit his sister3. What does the woman suggest?A. Taking a taxiB. Walking to the stationC. Catching a bus4. How will the man get to the party?A. By busB. By carC. By subway5. What is the woman's opinion about the book?A. InterestingB. BoringC. UnreadableSection 3: Short Conversations (15 points)Listen to the short conversations and answer the questions.1. What does the man want?2. Why does the woman call the plumber?3. What will the woman buy?4. What will the woman do this weekend?5. Who is coming to stay with the woman?Part CSection 4: Dictation (5 points)Listen carefully and write down the passage.Writing (30 points)Part A: Sentence Completion (10 points)Complete the sentences by choosing the correct word from the box.1. The ______________ news of his death shocked everyone.2. She was _____________ in a very large house when she was younger.3. He gave me a _____________that he would come.4. The _____________ of the books cost me less than ten dollars.5. Are you _____________ to work late again tonight?Part B: Short Essay (20 points)Write an essay of about 150 words on the following topic:"Describe a memorable experience you had while traveling. What made it memorable and how did it change your perspective on life?"Grammar (20 points)Part A: Error Correction (10 points)Find and correct the errors in the following sentences.1. I has been studying English for five years.2. She don't like coffee.3. They was playing football when it started raining.4. Mary and I is going to the movies tonight.5. The cat sleeps in the sofa every afternoon.Part B: Sentence Transformation (10 points)Rewrite the sentences using the word in brackets.1. She doesn't speak English very well. (fluently)2. They had already left when we arrived. (gone)3. I have never been to Paris. (time)4. He said that he would help me with the project. (promised)5. The teacher praised the students for their hard work. (commended)Reading Comprehension (40 points)Part A: Multiple Choice Questions (20 points)Read the text and answer the questions.1. What is the main topic of the passage?A. The benefits of exerciseB. The history of yogaC. The importance of a healthy diet2. According to the passage, what can help reduce stress?A. Eating chocolateB. Doing yogaC. Watching TV3. What is the most important aspect of a healthy lifestyle?A. Regular exerciseB. A balanced dietC. Getting enough sleep4. What is the main idea of the second paragraph?A. How to cope with stressB. The benefits of meditationC. The importance of relaxation5. What does the author recommend for improving mental health?A. Eating junk foodB. Exercising regularlyC. Avoiding social interactionsPart B: True or False Questions (20 points)Read the text and decide if the statements are True or False.1. Yoga and meditation can help reduce stress levels.2. Regular exercise is not important for maintaining good health.3. A balanced diet includes all food groups in moderation.4. Social interactions have a negative impact on mental health.5. Getting enough sleep is important for overall well-being.Listening Comprehension TranscriptSection 1：Picture DescriptionThis picture was taken at a busy train station. The people in the picture are waiting for the train to arrive. Some are sitting on benches, while others are reading newspapers or looking at their phones. A train is approaching in the background, and it seems like everyone is getting ready to board.Section 2: Multiple Choice Questions1. B. The restaurant2. A. Due to a family emergency3. A. Taking a taxi4. C. By subway5. A. InterestingSection 3: Short Conversations1. The man wants a cup of coffee.2. The woman calls the plumber because the sink is clogged.3. The woman will buy a new dress for the party.4. The woman will go hiking this weekend.5. The woman's friend is coming to stay with her next week.Section 4: DictationThe passage for dictation is: "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog."This is the end of the listening comprehension section.Writing: Sentence Completion1. sudden2. raised3. promise4. set5. obligedShort EssayA memorable experience I had while traveling was when I visited Japan. The culture, food, and people I met left a lasting impression on me. I tried new dishes, learned about the history of the country, and made new friends. This experience opened my eyes to different ways of living and thinking, and made me appreciate the diversity of the world. Traveling to Japan changed my perspective on life and made me more open-minded and understanding of different cultures.Grammar: Error Correction1. I have been studying English for five years.2. She doesn't like coffee.3. They were playing football when it started raining.4. Mary and I are going to the movies tonight.5. The cat sleeps on the sofa every afternoon.Sentence Transformation1. She doesn't speak English fluently.2. They had already gone when we arrived.3. I have never had time to Paris.4. He promised to help me with the project.5. The teacher commended the students for their hard work. Reading Comprehension1. A. The benefits of exercise2. B. Doing yoga3. B. A balanced diet4. B. The benefits of meditation5. B. Exercising regularlyTrue or False Questions1. True2. False3. True4. False5. TrueThis concludes the examination. Please submit your papers to the invigilator.Good luck to all the students taking the test!篇2大联考雅礼中学2024高三英语月考试卷Name: ___________________________ Class: _____________Section A: Multiple Choice (30 marks)Choose the correct option to complete each sentence.1. The teacher asked us _________ quietly during the exam.A. not talkB. to not talkC. talk notD. not to talk2. My sister is very good at cooking; she can make _______ delicious dishes.A. a lot ofB. lots ofC. plenty ofD. many3. I can't believe how quickly time is _______.A. goingB. going byC. going onD. going for4. The film was _______ long that I fell asleep halfway through it.A. soB. tooC. veryD. more5. I _______ a cold if I had stayed out in the rain.A. will catchB. would have caughtC. would catchD. will have caughtSection B: Grammar (20 marks)6. _______ you do your homework before you play video games?A. DidB. DoC. AreD. Will7. Mary _______ her mother cooking in the kitchen right now.A. is seeingB. seeC. sawD. sees8. I have never _______ to Paris, but I hope to visit one day.A. goneB. wentC. goD. going9. By the time I got to the station, the train _______.A. has leftB. leaveC. had leftD. leaving10. If he _______ harder, he would have passed the exam.A. would have studiedB. had studiedC. studiesD. have studiedSection C: Reading Comprehension (25 marks)Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.Technology AddictionTechnology addiction is becoming increasingly common in today's society. With the rise of smartphones, tablets, and computers, people are spending more and more time online and less time engaging in real-life activities. This can lead to a range of negative consequences, including physical health problems, social isolation, and decreased productivity.One of the main reasons for technology addiction is the instant gratification that it provides. With just a click of a button, we can access endless amounts of information, entertainment, and social interaction. This constant stimulation can be addictive and make it difficult for people to disconnect from their devices.Another factor that contributes to technology addiction is the fear of missing out (FOMO). Many people feel the need to constantly check their social media accounts to see what their friends are doing and to stay up to date with the latest news and trends. This fear of missing out can lead to obsessive behavior and a constant need for validation from others.Overall, it is important for individuals to be aware of the dangers of technology addiction and to take steps to limit their screen time. This can include setting boundaries for device use, engaging in offline activities, and seeking support if needed.11. What is one of the main reasons for technology addiction?A. The fear of missing outB. Instant gratificationC. Decreased productivityD. Physical health problems12. What does the passage suggest individuals do to limit technology addiction?A. Check their social media accounts constantlyB. Avoid engaging in real-life activitiesC. Seek support if neededD. Spend more time online13. Why is technology addiction becoming increasingly common?A. Because people are engaging in more real-life activitiesB. Because people are spending more time onlineC. Because people are becoming more productiveD. Because people are seeking validation from othersSection D: Writing (25 marks)Write an essay of 200-250 words on the following topic:"Discuss the impact of technology on communication in today's society."Section E: Listening (Dialogue) (10 marks)Listen to the following dialogue and answer the questions that follow.A: Hi! Are you busy this weekend?B: Not really. Why?A: I was thinking of going to the beach. Do you want to come with me?B: That sounds like fun! What time are you thinking of going?A: How about 10 am on Saturday?B: Sounds good to me. I'll see you then!14. What does person A suggest doing this weekend?A. Going to the beachB. Going hikingC. Visiting a museumD. Going shopping15. What time are they planning to meet on Saturday?A. 9 amB. 10 amC. 11 amD. 12 pmSection F: Speaking (10 marks)In pairs, discuss the following topic: "The benefits and drawbacks of social media in today's society."That concludes the exam. Please ensure that you have answered all the questions, and good luck!篇3大联考雅礼中学2024高三英语月考试卷Part I Listening (30 marks)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear five short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Sunny.B. Cloudy.C. Rainy.D. Windy.2. A. On Sunday.B. On Saturday.C. On Friday.D. On Thursday.3. A. At 6:30.B. At 7:00.C. At 7:30.D. At 8:00.4. A. Professor.B. Doctor.C. Teacher.D. Engineer.5. A. 35 minutes.B. 30 minutes.C. 25 minutes.D. 20 minutes.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Conversation One6. A. In a restaurant.B. On the playground.C. In a library.D. In a cinema.7. A. Because he was late.B. Because he was sick.C. Because he was tired.D. Because he was busy.8. A. Going to the club.B. Having a drink.C. Playing a game.D. Watching a movie.9. A. Larry didn't enjoy it.B. Larry liked it very much.C. Larry felt very bored.D. Larry didn't watch it. Conversation Two10. A. To a job interview.B. To a friend's party.C. To a company event.D. To a family gathering.11. A. At 9:00 a.m.B. At 9:30 a.m.C. At 10:00 a.m.D. At 10:30 a.m.12. A. Borrow her car.B. Pick her up.C. Meet her later.D. Buy her a gift.13. A. It's on the right.B. It's on the left.C. It's straight ahead.D. It's behind the building. Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. After listening to the passage, you are required to write out in the space provided on your paper the one or two sentence(s) that best express the main idea of the passage. You can use the notes you have made to write out the main idea.14. People like to work for a company that offers them lots of opportunities for career advancement.15. Climate change is a serious issue that requires immediate action from governments around the world.16. Exercise is an important part of a healthy lifestyle that can improve both physical and mental well-being.Part II Vocabulary and Grammar (40 marks)Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence and mark your choice on the answer sheet.17. I can't believe how fast time ________.B. wentC. goD. gone18. She ________ by the river when she saw the accident.A. walksB. walkingC. walkedD. will walk19. You should eat vegetables every day to ________ your body with essential vitamins and minerals.A. provideB. providingC. providesD. provided20. The team ________ a meeting tomorrow to discuss the project.A. havingC. haveD. had21. I ________ my umbrella at the office this morning.A. forgotB. forgettingC. forgetD. will forget22. Jane ________ home when she realized she had left her phone at the restaurant.A. drivesB. drivingC. droveD. will driveSection BDirections: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence.23. My brother is studying ________ to become a doctor.B. hardC. earlyD. happy24. She was ________ in the job interview, so she didn't get the position.A. lateB. politeC. nervousD. successful25. Jennifer has been ________ in dancing since she was a child.A. interestedB. interestingC. interestD. interests26. We need to ________ the house before the guests arrive.A. cleanC. cleanedD. cleans27. The food at the new restaurant was ________ delicious that we went back the next day.A. soB. moreC. mostD. verySection CDirections: Fill in the blanks with appropriate words to complete the passage.Teacher: Good morning, class. Today, we're going to learn about (28) ________ in different countries. Does anyone know what a (29) ________ is?Student: It's a small building where people can buy books, right?Teacher: That's right! Now, can you tell me what a (30)________ is used for?Student: A library is a place where people can borrow and (31) ________ books.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 marks)Section ADirections: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each question, choose the best answer and mark your choice on the answer sheet.Passage OneMost people believe that success is the result of hard work and dedication. While this is true to some extent, there are other factors that also play a role in achieving success. One of the most important factors is having a positive attitude. People who have a positive attitude are more likely to overcome obstacles and achieve their goals.32. According to the passage, what is an important factor in achieving success?A. Hard work.B. Wealth.C. Luck.D. Education.33. What do people with a positive attitude believe?A. They will never face obstacles.B. They will never succeed.C. They can overcome obstacles.D. They will never work hard.34. What does the author suggest plays a role in success besides hard work and dedication?A. Luck.B. Negative attitude.C. Wealth.D. Education.Passage TwoIn recent years, the issue of climate change has gained more attention. People are becoming more aware of the impact of their actions on the environment and are taking steps to reduce their carbon footprint. Governments around the world are also implementing policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote renewable energy sources.35. What issue has gained more attention in recent years?A. Economy.B. Education.C. Climate change.D. Healthcare.36. What are people doing to reduce their carbon footprint?A. Ignoring the impact of their actions.B. Promoting renewable energy sources.C. Increasing greenhouse gas emissions.D. Wasting energy.37. What are governments doing to address the issue of climate change?A. Nothing.B. Implementing policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.C. Ignoring the problem.D. Promoting environmental pollution.Section BDirections: Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.People who exercise regularly are typically healthier and happier than those who don't. Exercise has been shown to improve both physical and mental well-being. Regular exercise can help reduce the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. It can also improve mood and reduce stress.38. What are the benefits of regular exercise?A. Improved physical and mental well-being.B. Increased risk of heart disease.C. Reduced mood and increased stress.D. Protection against stroke and diabetes.39. How does regular exercise affect physical health?A. It increases the risk of heart disease.B. It reduces the risk of stroke.C. It increases the risk of diabetes.D. It reduces the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes.40. How does regular exercise affect mental health?A. It can improve mood and reduce stress.B. It can increase stress and reduce mood.C. It has no impact on mental health.D. It can worsen physical health.Part IV Writing (30 marks)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic "The Importance of Learning a Second Language." You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:1. The benefits of learning a second language.2. How learning a second language can improve communication skills.3. Personal experiences or examples.Remember to write your essay on the answer sheet.End of the exam.This is the end of the exam. Please make sure you have completed all sections of the exam. Thank you for your hard work and good luck!。

雅礼中学2025届高三月考试卷（二）历史本试题卷分选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页。

时量75分钟，满分100分。

第Ⅰ卷选择题一、选择题（本题共16小题，每小题3分，共48分。

每小题只有一个选项符合题目要求）1. 陕西神木石峁遗址是龙山文化晚期重要遗址，考古发掘证实了其城址由皇城台、内城和规模宏大的外城等三重城垣构成，并出土了成排房屋建筑基址，高等级贵族墓葬群以及数以万计的玉器、陶器等。

据此可知（）A. 神权在石峁文化中占据主导地位B. 石峁人的手工业技艺十分精湛C. 中原为核心的文明格局已经形成D. 该遗址已具备邦国都邑的特征2. “出奔”在《春秋释例》中解释为“奔者，迫窘而去，逃死四邻，不以礼出也”。

春秋时期，主要诸侯国接受贵族出奔者次数为：鲁国37人次，楚国33人次，晋国38人次，宋国20人次，郑国19人次，齐国36人次，卫国18人次。

这反映出当时（）A. 统治秩序的变动B. 思想文化的碰撞C. 礼乐制度的崩溃D. 新兴阶层的壮大3. 有学者指出：“东汉初期既然在洛阳立高庙，合祭西汉五帝，作为刘氏后裔，将世祖及以后历代皇帝神主纳于高庙中序昭穆、享祭祀，属于合乎情理的举措。

但汉明帝为光武帝单独立世祖庙，随后诸帝又皆立神主于世祖庙，却似乎隐隐含有与西汉帝系截然有别的蕴意，此举被后世视为违礼之举而加以掊击。

”这表明（）A. 宗法观念已被摒弃B. 儒学影响政治伦理C皇权传承缺乏规范 D. 祖先崇拜源远流长.4. 唐开元年间，关中农业的收成非常好。

于是，开元二十五年（737）敕曰：“宜令户部郎中郑防，殿中侍御史郑章，于京畿据时价外，每斗加三两钱，和籴粟三四百万石，所在贮掌。

江淮漕运，固甚烦劳，务在安人，宜令休息。

其江淮间今年所运租停。

”据此可知，唐朝（）A. 漕运贸易退出历史舞台B. 政府对物资流通进行理性干预C. 经济重心南移趋势显现D. 官民交易具有强制和掠夺色彩5. 如表为文献中有关宋代史事的部分记载。

2023-2024学年湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三上学期月考试卷（四）英语试题Welcome to Yale University’s Thanksgiving festivities! Join us for a variety of events, blending tradition and community spirit for everyone.Thanksgiving Parade and Campus Potluck (百家餐)Time: Thanksgiving Day, 10:30 AM - 1:30 PMLocation: Yale Old CampusActivities: Immerse yourself in the vibrant Thanksgiving parade featuring spirited floats, the Yale marching band, and talented performers. Following the parade, join the campus potluck on Old Campus. Contribute a dish to share and connect with fellow Yale students. This cherished tradition is an excellent opportunity to experience the warmth of the Yale community.Thanksgiving Arts & Crafts ShowcaseTime : Thanksgiving Morning, 9:00 AMLocation: Yale Art GalleryActivities: Discover a diverse array of arts and crafts meticulously crafted by Yale’s talented artists. Find unique, handmade gifts for the upcoming holiday season and enjoy live performances and local food vendors. Kick-start your holiday shopping while supporting the artistic talents thriving within the Y ale community.Turkey Dash 5K RunTime: The Weekend Before Thanksgiving, 9:30 AMLocation: Yale BowlActivities: Begin your Thanksgiving weekend with a spirited 5K run or walk around the picturesque Yale Bowl. Open to all fitness levels, participants are encouraged to bring extra goods to give them to local charities, promoting wellness and community support.Gobble ‘n’ Games Family FestTime: The Saturday Before Thanksgiving, 2:00 PM - 6:00 PMLocation: Beinecke PlazaActivities: Bring your family for an afternoon of joy and games at Beinecke Plaza. Enjoy sack races (袋鼠跳), face painting, pumpkin decorating, and a pie-eating contest. Local food trucks will be on-site to keep you fueled. This family-friendly event is a delightful way to usher in the holiday season with laughter and connection.1. What do Thanksgiving Parade and Campus Potluck, and Thanksgiving Arts & Crafts Showcase have in common?A．Both events occur on Thanksgiving Day.B．Free handmade gifts are provided at both events.C．Participants should be students on old campus.D．Both activities have a long history.2. What is encouraged at the Turkey Dash 5K Run event?A．Bringing a Turkey for Thanksgiving Day.B．Donating food to organizations for helping people in need.C．Wearing costumes representing who you are.D．Having a recommendation from your own community.3. Which of the following is NOT the attraction of th e Gobble ‘n’ Games Family Fest?A．Face painting. B．A pie-eatingcontest. C．Pumpkindecorating.D．Truck racing.Young soldiers, far away from home and missing their families, discover a bear cub. That’s how the story of Wojtek begins, back in 1942. He was alone in the mountains of Iran; nobody knows how he got there.When the exhausted Polish soldiers came upon Wojtek, they were immediately struck with emotions. They had been away from their loved ones for a long time. They needed something to pick their spirits up. So, they nursed the baby bear with milk from a bottle and named him Wojtek, which means: a warrior to whom fighting brings joy.Wojtek was officially adopted into the army. He traveled with the army to the Middle East, providing comradery and entertainment. He would wrestle with the men, chase after oranges they cast for him and follow them about like a puppy. He became their connection to humanity in a time when the light of peace seemed so far away. And, like a child, he was also playful. In the desert heat, he learned how to break into the showers and turn on the water. He could also be seen pulling trunks of empty gun shells with the men or standing at attention in formation. Wojtek was also the chief frightener of new members: He would literally bear hug them and hold them upside down for a good laugh.Getting through the hardship of war takes something extraordinary, something unexpectedly dangerous to preserve your mental state. That’s what Wojtek did for the men who had been so long in the fog and uncertainty of World War II. A playful bear became the symbol of strength and adaptability. Thankfully, wars ended but Wojtek was not forgotten. He was shipped with a group of men to a farm in Scotland, which was a fitting place to retire for a bear with so much military experience. Wojtek was a local celebrity. Stories of him kicking a soccer ball, attending local dances and parties, and enjoying jam and honey are still told today. And to everyone who knew him, Wojtek was the one that made a difficult time a little more bearable.4. How did the Polish soldiers react after they found the bear?A．They were hit by the bear. B．They accepted him and fed him.C．They called Wojtek names. D．They brought joy to him like warriors.5. Which of the following is TRUE about Wojtek’ s experience in the army?A．He would run after and eat up the oranges thrown by the soldiers.B．He could pull branches with the soldiers to the army camp.C．He would stand and listen attentively for information.D．He would play tricks on those newly-joined soldiers.6. What happened to Wojtek after World War II?A．He became famous and brought joy to the locals in a farm in Scotland.B．He settled down with the Polish army in a farm in Scotland.C．He enjoyed his life in another army in a farm in Scotland.D．He was shipped to his hometown with the help of the Polish soldiers.7. What is the best title of the passage?A．Wojtek: The Wild Warrior in the Desert StormB．Wojtek: From the Frontlines to a Hairy FriendC．Bearing Witness: The Remarkable Tale of the Polish ArmyD．A Lifelong Bear Friend with the Scottish LocalsPowerful demand for Huawei products is fueling investor interest in the shares of its suppliers, which have resisted declines in the broader mainland Chinese stock (股票) market.Expectations that the Chinese technology company may continue to see strong sales for recently launched products are sending stocks of some of Huawei’s suppliers to record highs.Analysts say the successful launch of the M7 car model by Huawei-backed electric-vehicle brand Aito could see order books continue to swell, based on the response to the launch during a national holiday known as the Golden Week.Shares of Seres Group, an Aito partner, and Ningbo Shenglong Automotive Powertrain System, a car-parts manufacturer, have risen by the 10% daily limit on the Shanghai Stock Exchange this week since the mainland markets reopened for trading after the holiday. The benchmark (基准) Shanghai Composite Index dropped 0. 7% in Tuesday trading.“Aito’s sales have been propelled by the new M7 model, up sharply compared with monthly sales of b elow 10,000 units as of August,” Shengang Securities analyst Xute Cao said in a note.“Sales in the fourth quarter are expected to improve significantly on month,” Cao added. Separately, stocks of Huawei’s component suppliers have also gained following t he launch of the Mate 60 smartphone model in late September.Ofilm Group advanced 9. 9% on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange on Tuesday and has, gained 21% so far this week, while Vanchip(Tianjin) Technology rose as much as 10%, and has added around 8% this week. By contrast, the technology-heavy Shenzhen Stock Exchange closed down 0.4% Tuesday. “We sense that investor interest in the smartphone supply chain has increased after iPhone and Mate 60 launch and anticipation of smartphone demand bottoming, “ Citigro up analyst Kyna Wong saidin a note after the bank’s recent meeting with institutional investors, about China’s tech sector. “Huawei’s return could have implications on market share and competition in the tech-hardware sector,” Wong said.“Component make rs could benefit from restarting spec (规格) upgrade and operating leverage (运营杠杆) from volume growth ( regardless of market-share shift), “ Wong said.8. What is the main purpose of the passage?A．To provide a detailed history of Huawei’s market share in th e technology industry.B．To discuss the impact of Huawei’s return to the global technology market.C．To analyze the financial performance of Huawei’s suppliers.D．To provide a profile of Huawei’s electric-vehicle brand Aito.9. What is increasing investor interest in the shares of Huawei s suppliers?A．The national holiday known as the Golden Week.B．An increase in competition in the tech- hardware sector.C．The broader mainland Chinese stock market.D．Strong sales for recently launched Huawei products.10. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “propelled” in paragraph 5?A．driven forward B．replaced C．overtaken D．blocked11. Why are Ofilm Group and Vanchip (Tianjin) Technology mentioned in the article?A．To give an example of Huawei’s component suppliers profiting following the launch of the Mate 60 smartphone model.B．To show that, compared with other companies, they had much better performance on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange.C．To demonstrate that they are electric-manufacturing partnered with Huawei.D．To show that they are Huawei’s strong competitors in the smartphone market.Have you ever been in mid-conversation with someone, when you look over and find them standing in the same position as you or holding the same facial expression? It may seem like they have consciously copied you, but it is much more likely that it is the chameleon (变色龙) effect at play.The chameleon effect is the unconscious imitation of another person’s gestures or behavior. Just as a chameleon attempts to match any environment’s colors, people acquire the behavior of others to bring them closer together and help make their interactions smooth.The chameleon effect was confirmed in an experiment by psychologists John Bargh and Tanya Chartrand in 1999. The part of their experiment included 78 people, who each spoke with an experimenter. During the test, Bargh and Chartrand studied whether participants would copy the actions of someone they hadn’t met before, like moving the foot and touching the face. The second part measured the impact that copying someone has on the person being imitated.In the first stage, participants increased their face touching by 20% and their foot movement by 50% while in conversation about a photograph with the experimenter. The individuals weren’t aware of what they were being studied for, and the photograph was used to catch their attention to insure unconscious acts. The second stage involved half of the participants being copied, and then rating the likability of the experimenter. The results, showed that those who were imitated scored the experimenter higher. It has shown that when someone copies our behavior, we develop more positive feelings about them. These interactions could be a person unconsciously willing to be liked, and forming a moment of connection.The main reasons behind humans’ imitation are positive. However, when people carry this chameleon effect to the extreme, they can lose their sense of self. Those who change their entire personalities in different groups often go undetected. But more common signs of the chameleon effect are easier to notice. Next time you are in a social gathering, take a look around and you might just see some chameleons for yourself.12. Why do people imitate others’ behavior?A．To show admiration for others. B．To adapt to the surroundings.C．To establish a connection with others. D．To attract others’ attention.13. How did the experimenter guarantee participants’ unconscious behaviors?A．By directing their attention to a photo. B．By keeping an eye on their actions.C．By telling them the purpose of the study. D．By evaluating the impacts of imitation. 14. What conclusion can be drawn from the experiment?A．People tend to like those who imitate their behavior.B．Too much of the chameleon effect can be beneficial.C．People imitating others are not easy to be detected.D．The copied movements help people to feel relaxed.15. Which of the following shows the chameleon effect according to the passage?A．Students adopt teachers’ accents for fun after class.B．People change their habits to please others on purpose.C．A comedian copies a celebrity vividly on stage.D．A husband and his wife share similar behaviors over time.Humankind has tried to improve its standard of living since the very beginning of civilization. Back then, as well as today, providing food and security was the basic task for a person. 16 People feel the need for not only some primary things, such as a piece of bread and a roof over their heads, but also for various facilities and luxuries. Providing humanity with these things is connected to the use of natural resources, which requires energy. The problem is that the common sources of energy we use today cause pollution, so economic growth is almost inevitably associated with environmental damage.17 One of these is the fact that in order to produce more goods and products, the construction of large industrial plants is required. These plants produce a lot of waste, leading to the pollution of water and the atmosphere, which may cause negative long-term health effects to nearby populations of animals, or people.Industrial manufacturing leads to the constantly increasing energy consumption. 18 There also exist so-called eco-friendly sources of energy. They are sometimes preferred but replacing the traditional sources with them also requires time, during which people have to make some sacrifices to support these undertakings. 19 This is expensive and has harmful effects on the environment. For example, application of wind energy would block airflows’ natural speed, which is the reason for their decrease in strength, after crossing the windmill. 20 And it is important to remember that the environment and weather conditions are directly affected by atmospheric pressure.For these reasons, bringing about economic growth without resulting in any environmental damage is impossible.Yesterday, after arriving in Madrid, I knocked on a stranger’s door. “I searched on the website. Will you give me ______?” I asked. This was the reason I’d come to Spain, because I once believed I______ be a female flamenco (弗拉门戈) guitarist and I have a mission now.Forty-five years ago, when I was two, my father also came to Madrid and knocked on strangers’ doors. As a well-known classical guitarist, he admired flamenco a lot, and in Spain he learned fromanyone willing to teach him. He ______ performers in bars, made friends with street ______ and managed to study with Paco de Lucia, the greatest flamenco guitarist of our time.I started playing classical guitar when I was five. My father s hands ______ across the strings like fireworks. I practiced while he ______ and criticized. I played till I had ______ pain in my fingertips. By age seven, I was called a child genius.Then, at 11, I quit. Heartbroken, my father ______ himself. Guiltily, I followed suit. Soon we spoke only when necessary. Our relationship didn’t ______ until, in my early 20s, I found myself pulled back to guitar.When I was in my early 30s, he died. I couldn’t bear to play his guitar. He’d spent so much time with his arms around that instrument, and it seemed a(n) ______ of his own body. Holding it gave my grief an unbearable tangibility (有形性)。