上海高考真题以及模卷中四字成语中译英翻译
金桥校区整理人：黄志琴
挨家挨户from door to door
07 秋考：医生挨家挨户上门巡访，省去了许多老年人去医院的麻烦.(save)
Doctors’ door-to-door visits save many old people’s trouble of going to hospital.
爱不释手can’t bear standing part with/putting it down /leaving it aside
03 秋考：这部有关第一次世界大战的历史小说引人入胜，我简直爱不释手。（so…that）
The historical novel about/describing World War I / the First World War is so attractive that I can’t bear (to do …)/stand parting with it / putting it down (back ,aside )/ leaving it aside .
安于现状be satisfied with reality/ present situation
11 奉贤一模：我们高中生应该有远大的志向，不应该只满足于现状。（satisfy）
We senior high students should have great ambition and (should) not be satisfied with
reality/present situation.
摆脱烦恼get rid of/ to be free from worries
11 虹口二模：得知他心情不好，我建议他与朋友聊聊天，以去除烦恼。(suggest)
Knowing (that) he is in a bad mood, I suggest his chatting with friends to get rid of
/to be free from worries.
彼此埋怨be to blame each other
06 秋考：遇到困难的时候，我们需要的不是彼此埋怨，而是相互帮助。(not…but)
When (we are) in difficulty / When we meet with difficulties, what we need is not to
blame each other but to help each other.
别无选择have no choice but to do
02 秋考：当时，那位出租车司机别无选择，只能求助于游客。（choice）
At that time the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the tourist/traveler (for
help).
不得而知remain unknown
12 闸北一模：玛丽是否参加这次英语晚会尚不得而知。（remain）
It remains unknown whether Mary will attend the English Evening.
不辞而别leave without saying good-bye
10 秋考：我们对他的不辞而别感到很惊讶。（without）
We were greatly surprised that he has left without saying goodbye.
不可估量beyond measure
10 虹口一模：尽管付出的努力不可估量，但那些偏远山城都已通车，这让全国人民感
到无比自豪。(accessible)
Although the efforts made are beyond measure, those remote mountainous cities
have been accessible to cars, which makes all the Chinese people / the whole nation
feel very proud/full of pride.
不甚感激appreciate it very much
10 虹口一模：如果你一收到消息就能给我答复的话，我将不胜感激。(the moment)
I would appreciate it very much if you could reply to me/give me a reply the moment
you receive the message.
不懈努力great effort
10 闵行一模：尽管各国政府已做出了不懈的努力，但要应对日益严重的全球性气候变暖问题还需制定更有效的措施。(despite)
Despite the great effort made by governments, more effective measures should be
made to deal with the ever worsening problem of global warming.
不假思索without hesitation
12 浦东二模：吉姆不假思索地回答了老师的问题。(hesitation)
Jim answered his teacher’s question(s) without (a ny) hesitation. Jim answered the
question(s) asked by his teacher with no hesitation.
不尽如人意be far from satisfactory
01 秋考：这个地区的经济发展得很快，可使某些市民的素质还不尽如人意。(quality) The economy of this area develops very fast but some citizens’ qualities are far fro
m satisfactory.
不容忽视should not be ignored/ neglected
02 春考：这个事故使我们意识到安全问题不容忽视。(realize)
This accident made us realize that safety problems should not be ignored.
11 闵行一模：防火意识不容忽视，不然的话会对生命和财产造成不可估量的损失。(neglect)
(The sense of) Fire protection should not be neglected (We should not neglect fire protection), or great damage might be caused to the lives and property.
不知所措be/ feel at a loss
11 杨浦一模：网络在我们日常生活中起了举足轻重的作用，以至于当不能上网时人们感到无所适从。（loss）
Internet plays such an important role in our daily life that people feel at a loss when
they can’t go online/ surf the Internet/ don’t have access to the Internet.
12 杨浦一模：消费者对冷冻食品失去信心的事实令生产厂家一筹莫展。（loss)
The fact that consumers have lost confidence in frozen food makes the
manufacturers at a loss.
彻夜未眠didn’t fall asleep last nig ht/ be awake all night
09 秋考：只喝一杯咖啡就会使我整晚睡不着。（keep）
Drinking only a cup of coffee will keep me awake all night.
11 长宁一模：昨晚听到他喜欢的足球获胜的消息，他兴奋得彻夜未眠。（too…to…）Hearing the news that his favorite team won the match, he was too excited to fall
asleep last night.
催人泪下people are moved to tears
11 徐汇一模：昨晚残疾人的演出非常成功，让观众们感动得流下了眼泪。(so…that…)
The performance put up by the disabled/ The disabled people’s performance last
night was so successful that many people were moved to tears.
寸步难行can do nothing without
11 奉贤二模：电脑已触及到每个人的日常生活，难怪有人说当今世界不懂电脑，就寸
步难行。（no wonder）
The computer has touched on everyone’s daily life. No wonder someone says that you
can do nothing without the knowledge of computer / its knowledge.
大为惊叹be greatly amazed/ impressed
07 秋考：这些十八世纪的油画保存得这样好, 使参观者大为惊叹。(so …that)
These eighteenth-century oil paintings have been/are preserved so well that the
visitors are greatly amazed/ impressed.
放任自流let him be
11 静安二模：父母经常面对这样的选择：要么做他们认为有利于孩子发展的事情，要
么对其放任自流。（either）
Parents often faced the choice that either they did what they felt was good for the
development of the child or they just let him be.
丰富多彩 colorful
09 春考：他的儿子喜欢上学，因为学校生活丰富多彩。(because)
His son is happy at / loves/likes to go to /school because the school life is colorful.
孤身一人，无亲无故be single and has no friends or relatives
03 秋考：虽然她孤身一人，无亲无故，但邻居们都向她伸出了援助之手。(offer)
Though she is single and has no friends or relatives, all the neighbors offer her help/
a helping hand /to help her.
固执己见always stick to one’s own opinion
04 秋考：我发现很难与那些一贯固执已知的人合作。(…it…)
I find it (is) hard to cooperate with those who always stick to their own opinions.
刮目相看look at sb. differently/ with new eyes/ regard sb. in a totally different light 05 秋考：他进公司后不久就独立完成了一项艰巨的任务，同事们对他刮目相看。（so）
He finished a difficult task on his own/independently soon/ shortly after he entered
the company, so his colleagues looked at him differently/ with new eyes/regarded him
in a totally different light.
毫不费力have no difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth.
12 静安一模：他们毫不费力第就找到了那位好心人。(difficulty)
They had no difficulty finding the warm-hearted man/person.
毫无疑问，不容置疑There is no doubt that.../ It cannot be doubted that 09 春考：毫无疑问，旅行使人开阔眼界，增长知识。(doubt)
There is no doubt/ It can’t be doubted that travelling broadens one’s mind and
enlarge/improve/increase one’s know ledge.
后悔莫及regret doing
01 春考：他很后悔失去了获得奖学金的机会。（regret）
He regretted losing/having lost the chance to win a scholarship.
后来居上catch up with sb.
04 秋考：上周因为生病我缺了一些课，但是我会努力赶上大家的。(miss)
Because of illness/Being ill last week, I missed some lessons, but I will try to catch up
with others.
加强合作strengthen/ enhance one’s cooperation
02 秋考：如果队员之间不加强配合，我校篮球队就不可能在决赛中战胜对手。（unless）Our school basketball team will not beat the opponents in the final match/final(s)
unless the team members strengthen their cooperation / cooperate well with each
Other.
家喻户晓/众所周知As is known to all, …/ It is known to all that
00 秋考：众所周知，成功来自于勤奋，不努力则一事无成。(without)
As is known to all, success comes from hard work/diligence, and nothing can be
achieved without efforts/hard work.
10 静安一模：众所周知，他的成功完全是努力的结果。(due to)
It is known to all that his success is entirely/totally/completely due to his hard work.
坚守岗位keep to one’s post
07 秋考：无论风多大、雨多急，警察一直坚守在岗位上。(no matter …)
No matter how hard the rain falls and the wind blows, the police keep to their posts.
竭尽所能do/ try ones best to do
10 春考：我们应该竭尽所能是城市变得更美丽.（try）
We should try our best to make the city more beautiful.
截然不同观点have totally different opinion with us
12 闸北一模：交流时，我们可能会遇到与自己观点截然不同的人。（likely）
When communicating, we are likely to meet people who have totally different opinions
with us.
筋疲力尽be tired out
12 宝山一模：虽然已筋疲力尽，他们还是继续搜寻事故中的幸存者。(tire)
Although (they were) tired out, /they still continued to /search for the survivors/in
the accident.
惊人速度incredible rate/ speed
11 普陀二模：我国到处都是高楼大厦，其发展速度真是惊人。（spring up / incredible）High-rise apartment buildings have sprung up everywhere in China at an incredible
rate / speed.
聚精会神be absorbed in
12 卢湾一模：我在全神贯注地看书，没有听到手机在响。（absorb）
I was so absorbed in reading that I didn’t hear my cell phone ringing.
困难重重has great difficulty/ be very difficult
12金山一模：虽然困难重重，但他父母还是设法及时赶到了上海。( despite )
Despite / In spite of the great difficulty, his parents managed to get to/ arrive in/
reach Shanghai in time.
Although it was very difficult, his parents managed to get to Shanghai in time.
落伍、落后fall/leave behind
08 秋考：我对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知, 我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant)
Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find
myself left behind.
屡见不鲜appear so frequently
11 闵行二模：这类事故在媒体上屡见不鲜，应该制定有效措施防止这类事故再次发生。（prevent）
This kind of accident appears on media so frequently that effective measures are
being made to prevent it (from ) happening again.
美食诱惑the temptation of the delicious food
11 卢湾一模：在招待会上，他没能抵抗住那些美食的诱惑，吃了很多。（fail）
He failed to resist the temptation of the delicious food in the reception and ate a lot.
没日没夜 day and night
12 崇明二模：没日没夜地工作对他的健康消耗很大，因此不久他就病倒了。(drain) Working day and night was a great drain on his health/ drained his health greatly, so
he fell ill soon.
旗鼓相当be equal to sb. in sth.
11 静安一模：虽然他在技巧和经验上都与我旗鼓相当，但是谁都有可能夺冠。（equal）Though he is equal to me in skill and experience, either of us is likely to win the Championship.
齐心协力work cooperatively/ with combined efforts
04 秋考：只要我们齐心协力，就能很快解决这个技术难题．
So long as / If we work cooperatively / with combined efforts, we will be able to
solve/ work out the technical problems.
千载难逢a rare/ golden chance
11 虹口一模：既然经济舱位的票很畅销，我们应尽快打电话到售票处询问一下，以免
坐失良机。(now that)
Now that the tickets for economy class are popular, we should call the booking/ticket
office to inquires soon as possible，making sure that we won't miss/lose the golden
Chance.
日益增长ever increasing
12 长宁一模：孩子们从小就不得不在学业上竞争，这就给他们带来了日益增加的精神
压力。(which)
Children had to compete with each other since they were very young, which brought
them increasing psychological pressure.
日益恶化be getting worse/ become worse and worse
10 黄埔一模：异常的天气表明我们的生存环境正日益恶化，而这正是大自然给予我们
的警告。（which）
Unusual weather indicates that our living environment is getting worse, which is the
warning to us from nature.
日益紧张increasingly intense
12 杨浦二模：日益紧张的医患关系有待解决。（remain）
The increasingly tense doctor-patient relationship remains to be solved.
三言两语in a few words
04 秋考：这个游戏的规则太复杂，三言两语解释不清。(too….to)
The rules of the game are too complicated to explain/be explained in a few words.
深受欢迎be very popular with sb.
05 秋考：这款手机样式新颖、携带方面，深受年轻人的欢迎（popular）
The mobile phone is fashionable/modern in style and convenient to carry, so it is very popular with the young/young people/ youngsters.
司空见惯be so used to
12 虹口一模：人们对像手机和电脑这样的电子产品早已司空见惯，以致于很难想象没
有它们生活会变成什么样。（such…as…）
People are so used to such electronic products as mobile phones and computers that it
is hard to imagine what life would be like without them.
受到认可be recognized/ received by
11 闸北二模：就实际效果来看，新的规则极大地改善了交通状况，受到了广大群众的
认可。（recognize）
In terms of practical effect, the new regulation greatly improved the traffic
condition and was recognized by the public.
12 闵行一模：虽然不被公众看好，但这位歌手仍然坚持自己的演唱风格。(stick)
Although the singer is not well recognized/received by the audience (popular with the
audience), he sticks to his own singing style.
受用一生sb. benefit from sth. / sth. benefits sb. all your life
10 长宁一模：良好的教育史你今后可以受用终身的。（benefit）
A good education benefits you/ is what you can benefit from all your life in your whole
Life.
特长、强项/弱点strong point/ weak point
08 秋考：应该鼓励年轻人按照自己的特长选择职业。(encourage)
Young people should be encouraged to choose their careers according to their own
strong points.
玩火自焚those who play with fire will surely get burnt
01 秋考：他们应该从这件事中得出教训，玩火者必自焚。(burn)
They should learn a lesson from this accident that those who play with fire will surely get burnt.
无比自豪feel very proud of oneself/ be full of pride
07 秋考：导演得知自己的影片获奖, 感到无比自豪。(award)
Learning that he was awarded /won an award for his film, the director felt very proud
of himself/ was full of pride.
无懈可击perfect
10 闸北一模：那里的服务无懈可击，还免费出借雨伞。(borrow)
The service there is perfect and umbrellas are borrowed free of charge.
使…心烦意乱upset sb.
06 秋考：这小孩太调皮，使得他那忙于工作的父母常常心烦意乱。(So …)
So naughty is the child that he often upsets his parents who are busy with work.
严格遵守follow the rules strictly
11 闵行二模：我们应该严格遵守交通规则。（follow）
We should follow the traffic rules strictly.
一步之遥be just one step away from success
11 卢湾二模：许多失败者往往没意识到，其实他们离成功只有一步之遥。(realize) Many losers don’t realize that they are just one step away from success.
一无所知be ignorant of sth.
08 秋考：我对学生所谈的电子产品一无所知, 我发现自己落伍了。(ignorant)
Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find
myself left behind.
以备不时只需in case of unexpected needs/ that they are needed some day 10 卢湾一模：年轻时多学点技能是明智的，以备不时之需。（in case）
It is sensible/ wise to learn more skills when young in case of unexpected needs/
(that) they are needed in the future.
引人入胜attractive
03 秋考：这部有关第一次世界大战的历史小说引人入胜，我简直爱不释手。（so…that）The historical novel about/describing World War I / the First World War is so
attractive that I can’t bear (to do …)/stand parting with it / putting it down (back ,
aside )/ leaving it aside .
引人注意、吸引眼球catch one’s attention/ eye
11 虹口一模：这些彩色果盆当时引起了我的注意，使我想起了快乐的童年。(remind) These colorful fruit bowls caught my eye at that time, reminding me of the happy childhood.
有求必应be always ready to help
05 秋考：我向她请教，她总是有求必应，而且解释得令我十分满意。(satisfaction) Every time I ask her for advice, she is always ready to help, and explains to my full Satisfaction.
有所转变have changed to some extent
11 徐汇二模：虽然大家对整容的看法在某种程度上已有所转变，但必须承认它带来的
风险。（Although）
Although people’s view on cosmetic surgery has changed to some extent, we must acknowledge that risk goes with it/ there is risk.
与时俱进keep pace with the times/change with the times
11 松江二模：老人们发现越来越难跟上现代科学的发展。（keep up）
The old find it harder and harder to keep up with the development of modern science.
与世隔绝be isolated from the outside world
12 闵行二模：这个村庄几乎与世隔绝，许多民间习俗得以很好地保留。(preserve)
The village is almost isolated from the outside world, thus lots of local customs are
well preserved there.
援助之手reach out your hands in aid of sb./ give sb. a helping hand
12 青浦一模：伸出援手去帮助那些身处困境的人们，你就会发现你的人生更有意义。（aid n.）
Reach out your hands in aid of those（who are）in trouble and you’ll find your life more meaningful.
03 秋考：虽然她孤身一人，无亲无故，但邻居们都向她伸出了援助之手。(offer) Though she is single and has no friends or relatives, all the neighbors offer her help/
a helping hand /to help her.
乍一看at the first sight/ glance of sth.
10 秋考：乍一看，这块手表没有什么特别之处，但实际上它是一部手机。（there be）At the first sight, there is nothing special about the watch, but in fact it is a mobile
Phone.
值得一看be worth doing
be worthy of being done/ be worthy to be done
11 松江二模：今天报纸上的这篇文章值得一看。（worth）
This article in today’s newspaper is worth reading.
志同道合have a common goal/ similar ideals and beliefs
12 浦东一模：我和他志同道合，而且年龄和家庭背景相似，我想这就是为什么我们成
为好朋友的原因。(which)
He and I have a common goal/ have similar ideals and beliefs/ share the same views
and are similar in age and family background, which I think is the reason why we have become good friends.
山高林密 the high mountains and thick forests
01.尽管山高林密，医护人员还是迅速地赶到出事地点，实施援救。（despite）（2009-6）
Despite the high mountains and thick forests, the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident for the rescue/to carry out the rescue.
一无所知
02.我对学生所谈论的电子产品一无所知，我发现自己落伍了。（ignorant）（2008-5）
Being ignorant of the electronic products the students are talking about, I find myself left behind.
T
拓展练习：
【常用英语俗语成语谚语翻译练习】
01.尽管计划连连失败，但他还是充满信心。（confidence）
02.人们不再认为老师要在各个领域比学生知道的多是件天经地义的事。（no longer）
03.是“有志者事竟成的”信念帮助他实现了梦想。（It was…）
04.通过体育锻炼，他比以前更充满活力。（used to）
05.她是一个热心肠的人，把大量的业余时间花在了志愿者工作上。（such…that）
06.我们坚信这个高科技产品总有一天会被接受，因为事实胜于雄辩。（accept）
07.你应该学会聚精会神得看书。（concentrate）
08.不久以后一些药品的价格将再次下调。（before）
09.他一下火车我就发现他把电脑忘在凳子上了。（Hardly）
10.他也老大不小了，究竟是追赶时尚还是穿出自己的风格有你自己决定。（up to）
11.这名女科学家献身科研事业，她对社会的贡献是无与伦比的。（devote）
12.参观了中国的许多地方之后，我觉得还是最喜欢家乡绍兴。难怪有句古话说金窝银窝，比不上自己
的草窝。（wonder）
参考答案：
1.Although the plan failed again and again, he still had much confidence in himself.
2.People no longer take it for granted that teachers should know more than students in every field.
3.It was the belief that where there is a will, there is a way that helped him (to) realize his dream.
4.Through physical exercise, he is more energetic than he used to be.
5.She is such a warm-hearted person that she devotes much of her spare time to the volunteer work.
6.We firmly believe that this hi-tech product will be accepted one day because actions speaker louder than words.
7.You should learn to concentrate (your mind) on reading.
8.It won’t be long befor e the prices of some medicine are reduced again.
9.Hardly had he got off the train when I found that he left her computer on the seat.
10.You’re no longer a child. It’s up to you to decide whether to follow the fashion or dress in your own style.
11.The woman scientist devoted all her life to the scientific research and her contributions to the society are second to none / beyond measure.
12.Having visited many places in China, I feel that my hometown Shaoxing is my favourite place. No wonder there is a say ing, “East or west, home is best.”
补充练习：
1.每当谈起他的儿子，他显得得意洋洋。（proud）
Whenever he talked about his son, he seemed to be proud of himself.
2.如何做什么事Tom从不举棋不定。（hesitate）
Tom never hesitates to do anything.
3.子女赡养父母是天经地义的。（It）
It’s taken for granted that sons and daughters should support their parents.
4.身为教师理应为人师表。（set）
To be a teacher, he or she should set people a good example.
5.他花了九牛二虎之力才把这辆老爷车修好。（take trouble）
She took great trouble to repair the old car.
6.一口气跑回学校时，他早已气喘吁吁了。（breath）
When she ran back to the school, all the way, he was already out of breath.
7.虽然书房不大，但一切东西都井然有序。（order）
Though the study is not big, everything is in good order.
8.解放战士和灾区人民在抗洪战斗中同甘共苦。（share）
The PLA man shared comforts and hardships with the people in the flooded area.
9.大批记者围住了丁俊辉，她茫然不知所措，无言以对。（at a loss）
(With) crowds of journalists surrounding Dingjunhui, he was at a loss what to say.
10.倾然之间，突如其来的一场大火使这家工厂化为乌有。（nothing）
As a result of the sudden fire, everything in the factory came to nothing.
11.他是名副其实的共产党员。（worthy）
He is a communist worthy of the name.
12.你不能和你的老同学老死不相往来。（never）
You can never fail to get in touch with your former classmates.
13.金海毛遂自荐到边区当一位英语老师。（volunteer）
Jinhai volunteered to be an English teacher in the mountainous area.
14.这次考试Mary得了全A，他准是心满意足了。（must）
Mary has got all As. She must be completely satisfied.
15.周末的足球决赛鹿死谁手，难以预测。（hard）
It’s hard to predict who will be the winner in the final this weekend.
16.我说话从来说一不二。（mean）
I always mean what I say.
17.二小时能减肥5公斤，白日做梦。（dream）
It’s a daydream to reduce weight by 5kilos within 2 hours.
18.满招损，谦受益。（go）
Pride goes before a fall.
19.巴西人轻而易举的击败了中国队。（without）
The Brazilian Team beat the Chinese Team without any difficulty.
20.Mrs Smith 千方百计劝丈夫戒烟。（means）
Mrs Smith tried by all means to persuade her husband to give up smoking.
21.老师们兴致勃勃地看完了学生的文艺汇演。（spirits）
The teachers enjoyed all the performances of the students in high spirits.
22.我终于领悟到开卷有益的道理。(benefit)
At last I came to understand that reading benefits a lot.
23.谁都知道我们的学校已焕然一新了。（turn）
It’s known to all that our school has taken on a new look.
24.金窝银窝不如家里的狗窝。（best）
East, West, home is the best.
25.我们应该学习雷锋助人为乐的精神。（ready）
We should learn from Comrade Leifeng his spirit of being always ready to help others 26.我心甘情愿当配角。（willing）
I’m willing to be minor character.
27.上课学生应该聚精会神。（fix）
Students should fix their minds in class.
28.海啸使上万家庭家破人亡。（break）
The tsunami caused many families to break up. Tsunami has broken up many families.
29.和你下棋其乐无穷。（pleasure）
It’s a pleasure to play chess with you.
下面的你都会了吗？
总结：
【常用俗语、成语翻译练习】
01.爱不释手：can’t bear / stand (to do…)parting
with it / putting it down (aside) /leaving it aside
02.安然无恙：safe and sound
03.半途而废：give up halfway
04.饱经风霜：weather-beaten
05.勃然大怒：explode with anger
06.不甘落后：unwilling to lag behind
07.不假思索：without hesitation
08.不可多得：rare / unique
09.不可思议：unimaginable
10.不速之客：an unexpected visitor
11.不言而喻：It goes without saying that
12.不厌其烦：take great pains/ be patient
13.不遗余力：spare no effort
14.不由自主：can’t help (情不自禁)
15.不知不觉：unconsciously
16.不知所措；(be) at a loss (for sth / to do sth)
17.不足为奇：not at all surprising; No wonder…18.畅所欲言：express oneself / one’s feeling freely
19.持之以恒：persevere in (doing) sth
20.出尔反尔：break one’s promises / word
21.当之无愧：deserve
22.废寝忘食：neglect sleep and meals
23.付诸于实施：put…into practice
24.各取所需：get what one wants
25.功亏一篑：fall short of success for lack of a
final effort
26.孤陋寡闻：ignorant and ill-informed
27.固执己见：stick to /insist on / persist in one’s
own opinions
28.刮目相看：look at…with new eyes / regard…in
a totally different light / treat…with increased
respect / have a good impression of //speak /think highly of
29.毫不在意：don't/doesn't care at all
30.花言巧语：sweet words
31.回心转意：change one’s mind
32.急功近利：eager for quick success and instant
benefit
33.记忆犹新：remain refresh in one’s memory
34.家喻户晓widely known, known to all
35.见缝插针：make use of every bit of time or
space
36.见异思迁：change one’ s mind the moment one
sees sth. new
37.交头接耳：whisper to each other
38.接二连三：one after another
39.竭尽全力：go to great lengths
40.井井有条：be in good order
41.井然有序：be in good order
42.举棋不定：can’t make up one’s mind /decide to
do
43.举世闻名：be world-famous
44.聚精会神：(be) absorbed in (dong) sth.
45.刻不容缓：be of great urgency
46.乐于助人：(be) ready to help others
47.落落大方：natural and graceful
48.每况愈下：from bad to worse
49.梦想成真：come true，become a reality
50.妙趣横生：full of wit and humour
51.名不虚传：deserve the reputation
52.名列前茅：rank first (on the list)
53.默默无闻：unknown to the public / remain
unknown
54.目不转睛：focus / fix one’s eyes on
55.平易近人：easy to approach
56.迫不及待：can't help (to do)
57.迫在眉睫：extremely urgent
58.齐心协力：work cooperatively // with combined
/joint efforts
59.千方百计：by every possible means ; try one’s
best;
60.前车之鉴：lessons drawn from others’ mistakes
61.前程似锦：bright future
62.前途无量：have boundless prospects
63.黔驴技穷：at one’s wit’s end
64.全力以赴：go all out for/ spare no efforts
65.全面发展：develop in an all-around way
66.全神贯注：(be) absorbed in (dong) sth.
67.如饥似渴：with great eagerness
68.三番五次：again and again, repeatedly
69.三三两两：in twos and threes
70.三言两语：in a few words
71.擅自：help oneself to sth. /// without permission
72.上气不接下气：out of breath
73.身心发展：develop physically and mentally
74.深谋远虑：think deeply and plan carefully
75.世世代代：from generation to generation
76.事半功倍：achieve twice the result with half the
effort
77.树立榜样：set a good example for
78.四面八方：in all directions
79.四通八达：extend in all directions
80.受…的青睐：(be) popular with
81.同甘共苦：share in joys and sorrows 82.问心无愧：have a clear conscience
83.无时无刻：all the time
84.无所事事：have nothing to do
85.无与伦比：second to none
86.相形见绌：prove definitely inferior
87.心不在焉：absent-minded
88.心旷神怡：relaxed and happy
89.欣喜若狂：wild with joy
90.袖手旁观：stand by / look on with folded arms
91.雪中送炭：provide timely help
92.延年益寿：live a long life
93.一臂之力：lend sb. a helping hand
94.一帆风顺：be successful
95.一箭双雕：kill two birds with one stone
96.一箭之遥：a stone’s throw
97.一目了然：be clear at a glance
98.一窍不通：lack the slightest knowledge of
99.一事无成：accomplish / achieve nothing 100.一视同仁：treat sb. equally
101.一无所知：know nothing about
102.一心一意：heart and soul
103.一意孤行：keep on like this
104.衣食住行：clothing, food, shelter and transportation
105.义不容辞：one's duty to do sth.
106.意料之中：as one expected
107.溢于言表：more than one can say // beyond one’s words
108.引人入胜：attractive
109.与日俱增：increase every day
110.与时俱进：change with the times
111.跃跃欲试：be eager to have a try
112.造福于子孙后代：benefit future generations 113.蒸蒸日上：get better and better
114.助一臂之力：give a helping hand
115.自食其力：earn one’s own living
116.坐失良机：miss the good/ golden chance/opportunity
“四字格”翻译 （一）并列关系 名山大川famous mountains and great rivers 名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites 湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills 青山绿水green hills and clear waters 奇松怪石strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations 平等互利equality and mutual benefit 扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses 反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government 简政放权streamline administration and institute decentralization 集思广益draw on collective wisdon and absorb all useful ideas 国泰民安the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony 政通人和the government functions well and people cooperate well 国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new 徇私舞弊bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud 流连忘返linger on with no thought of leaving for home 国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situation 开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead
繁衍生息live and multiply/reproduce 改朝换代changes of dynasties 穷兵黩武wantonly engage in military aggression; use all one’s armed might to indulge in wars of aggression 雅俗共赏appeal to both refined and popular tastes 与日俱增increase with each passing day, be steadily on the increase 极目远眺look as far as the eye can see 按资排辈to assign priority according to seniority 求同存异seeking common ground while putting aside differences 流连忘返linger on; be too delighted to leave 乐不思蜀too delighted to be homesick 不屈节操unyielding moral principle 赴汤蹈火go through fire and water 殊死奋战fight desperately; fight to death 可歌可泣moved one to songs and tears 英勇卓绝heroic and splendid 插科打诨comic parts 精微深奥profound and abstruse 博大精深extensive and profound 源远流长run a long history 天下为公The world belongs to all the people. 天下兴亡匹夫有责Every man has a duty to his country. 预防为主prevention first 综合治理comprehensive control/management 全面推进entire/all-round push-on 重点突破breakthrough at key points 亲仁善邻cordiality, benevolence and good neighborliness 和睦相处living in harmony with others 强不凌弱The strong should not oppress the weak and the rich should not bully the poor. 协和万邦All nations live side by side in perfect harmony. 海纳百川有容乃大One should be as inclusive as the ocean, which is vast because it admits hundreds of rivers. 兼收并蓄embrace everything that is useful 光阴似箭Time flies like an arrow. /How time files! 吃苦耐劳hard work and enduring hardship 勤俭持家run the household industriously and frugally 尊师重教respect teachers and attach importance to education 当务之急urgent; imminent 不谋而合coincide with 莘莘学子students 青春洋溢young 书香浓郁academic/cultural atmosphere 朝气蓬勃 充满活力dynamic; vigorous
1 “四字格”翻译 2 （一）并列关系 3 名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers 4 名胜古迹 scenic spots and historical sites 5 湖光山色 landscape of lakes and hills 6 青山绿水 green hills and clear waters 7 奇松怪石 strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations 8 平等互利 equality and mutual benefit 9 扬长避短 play up strengths and avoid weaknesses 10 反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government 11 简政放权 streamline administration and institute decentralization 12 集思广益 draw on collective wisdon and absorb all useful ideas 13 国泰民安 the country flourish and the people live in peace and 14 harmony 15 16 政通人和 the government functions well and people cooperate well 17 国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood 18 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new
目录 引言.............................................................................................I 摘要.............................................................................................II ABSTRACT.................................................................................III 第一章四字成语的文化背景 (1) 1.1成语的定义 (1) 1.2成语的来源 (3) 1.2.1 成语的语言特征 (4) 1.2.2 成语的文化特征 (4) 1.2.3 成语中体现的中西文化 (5) 第二章成语的翻译策略 (5) 2.1成语的直译 (5) 2．1．1直译的定义和特点 (6) 2．1．2直译的方法技巧 (6) 2．1．3直译的实际运用 (7) 2.2 成语的意译 (7) 2．2．1意译的定义和特点 (7) 2．2．2意译的方法技巧 (7) 2．2．3意译的实际运用 (8) 第三章成语翻译的艺术价值 (9) 结语 (10) 参考文献 (11)
汉语四字成语的翻译技巧 引言 根据一般概念，翻译是将一种语言的信息用另一种语言表达出来的活动，但这个概念仍有它的欠缺之处。它只提及语言的信息，未提及文化的信息。美国的翻译理论家尤金·奈达曾给翻译下过这样的定义:翻译是指从语义到文体在译语中用最贴切而又最自然的对等语再现原文的信息。虽然奈达把翻译扩大到语义和文体两个层面，但仍未提及文化信息的再现。本问拟从文化信息(culture information)在翻译中的再现这个角度加以讨论。 1四字成语的文化背景 1.1成语的定义 1.2成语的来源 1.2.1 成语的语言特征 1.2.2 成语的文化特征 1.2.3成语中体现的中西文化 2成语的翻译策略 2.1成语的直译 2．1．1直译的定义和特点 2．1．2直译的方法技巧 2．1．3直译的实际运用 2.2 成语的意译 2．2．1意译的定义和特点 2．2．2意译的方法技巧
（一）并列关系 名山大川famous mountains and great rivers 名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites 湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills 青山绿水green hills and clear waters 奇松怪石strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations 平等互利equality and mutual benefit 扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses 反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government 简政放权streamline administration and institute decentralization 集思广益draw on collective wisdon and absorb all useful ideas 国泰民安the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony 政通人和the government functions well and people cooperate well 国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new 徇私舞弊bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud 流连忘返linger on with no thought of leaving for home 国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situation 开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead 求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences （二）语意重复 广袤无垠的中华大地the boundless expanse of the Chinese territory 高瞻远瞩的决策a visionary/far-sighted decision 贯彻落实重大决策carry out/ implement a series of major policy decisions 层峦叠嶂peaks rising one after another 优胜劣汰survival of the fittest 延年益寿prolong one’s life 灵丹妙药panacea / miraculous cure 长治久安a long period of stability 求真务实pragmatic 审时度势size up the trend of events 招商引资attract investment 誉满全球举世闻名world-renowned 功在当代，利在千秋in the interest of the current and future generations 继往开来，承前启后(continue the past and open up the future ) break new ground for the future 路遥知马力，日久见人心Time will tell. 吃的苦中苦，方知甜中甜no sweet without sweat 车到山前必有路，船到桥头自然直in the end things mend /there’s always a way out 急功近利eager for instant success and quick profits 大黑扫黄crack down on gangland and pornography
《中高级口译教程》中的四字格整理了一下。供各位备战学友参考。 繁衍生息 live and multiply/reproduce 改朝换代 changes of dynasties 穷兵黩武wantonly engage in military aggression; use all one’s armed might to indulge in wars of aggression 雅俗共赏 appeal to both refined and popular tastes 与日俱增 increase with each passing day, be steadily on the increase 极目远眺 look as far as the eye can see 按资排辈 to assign priority according to seniority 求同存异 seeking common ground while putting aside differences 流连忘返 linger on; be too delighted to leave 乐不思蜀 too delighted to be homesick 不屈节操 unyielding moral principle 赴汤蹈火 go through fire and water 殊死奋战 fight desperately; fight to death 可歌可泣 moved one to songs and tears 英勇卓绝 heroic and splendid 插科打诨 comic parts 精微深奥 profound and abstruse 博大精深 extensive and profound 源远流长 run a long history 天下为公 The world belongs to all the people. 天下兴亡匹夫有责 Every man has a duty to his country. 预防为主 prevention first 综合治理 comprehensive control/management 全面推进 entire/all-round push-on 重点突破 breakthrough at key points 亲仁善邻 cordiality, benevolence and good neighborliness 和睦相处 living in harmony with others 强不凌弱 The strong should not oppress the weak and the rich should not bully the poor. 协和万邦 All nations live side by side in perfect harmony. 海纳百川有容乃大 One should be as inclusive as the ocean, which is vast because it admits hundreds of rivers. 兼收并蓄 embrace everything that is useful 光阴似箭 Time flies like an arrow. /How time files! 吃苦耐劳hard work and enduring hardship 勤俭持家 run the household industriously and frugally 尊师重教 respect teachers and attach importance to education 当务之急 urgent; imminent 不谋而合 coincide with 莘莘学子 students 青春洋溢 young
爱屋及乌Love me, love my dog. 百闻不如一见Seeing is believing. 比上不足，比下有余"worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst 笨鸟先飞A slow sparrow should make an early start. 不眠之夜white night 不以物喜，不以己悲not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses 不遗余力spare no effort; go all out; do one‘s best 不打不成交"No discord, no concord. 拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new 大事化小，小事化了try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 大开眼界open one‘s eyes; broaden one‘s horizon; be an eye-opener 国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace 过犹不及going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little 功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits. 好了伤疤忘了疼once on shore, one prays no more 好事不出门，恶事传千里Good news never goes beyond the gate, while bad news spread far and wide. 和气生财Harmony brings wealth 活到老，学到老One is never too old to learn. 既往不咎let bygones be bygones 金无足赤,人无完人Gold can‘t be pure and man can‘t be perfect.
高考英语中译英测验1 1. 这位科学家终日废寝忘食地埋首于研究。() ，. 2. 商店的商品琳琅满目，让我们眼花缭乱。() . 3. 在旧社会，出身贫寒的人很少有受教育的机会。() , . 高考英语中译英测验2 1. 看到她在音乐会上的精彩演出，我们惊讶不已。() . 2. 他为自己食言而感到羞愧不已。() . 3. 出乎意料的是，他对我们采取友善的态度。() , . 4. 如果你能帮我学习英语我将不胜感激。() '. 高考英语中译英测验3 1. 做志愿者的经历让我受益匪浅。() ①. ②. 2. 无论你到何处，都要牢记在心：入国问禁，入乡随俗。() , , . 3. 显而易见，这个国家的人每时每刻都可喝到新鲜牛奶。() , . 4. 这部历史小说引人入胜，我简直爱不释手。() ' . 高考英语中译英测验1. 听到那一激动人心的消息，我情不自禁地大哭起来。() , ' . 2. 她的计划听上去很好，可是我们实施起来将困难重重。() , ' . 3. 这位作家专心致志于写作，以致忘了自己重病在身。() . 4. 警方正在竭尽全力查明火灾的导因。() .
5. 除了等待进一步通知，我们别无他法。() . 6. 大家都束手无策，最后还是彼得想出了个主意。() , . 7. 当时，那位出租车司机别无选择，只能求助于游客。() . 8. 如果你不将理论与实践结合起来,你的研究将毫无用处。() . 9. 希望这里的志愿者都要精通英语。() . 10. 这次歌咏比赛给了我一次千载难逢的机会挑战自我。() . 11. 就是在那家超市我和过去的班主任不期而遇。() . 12. 他选择勇敢面对失败,而不是自暴自弃。() . 高考英语中译英测验6 1. 即便周围响声很大，他也能集中精力看书。() . 2. 看到银装素裹的群山，孩子们欣喜若狂。() , . 3. 认为现在的年轻人样样都好或者一无是处都是错误的。() ' () . 4. 显然，他们将数量与质量混为一谈了。() . 5. 这条铁路横贯平原.把那个偏远山城与海港连接了起来。() . 高考英语中译英测验7 1. 他要求出国进修，但被公司拒绝了。() , . 2. 由于经验不足，他不知道如何处理这情形。() ' . 3. 她下定决心不惜任何代价不让父母失望。() . 4. 我校正不遗余力地满足学生对课外活动的需求。() 5. 他在外貌和性格上都与妹妹截然不同。() . 6. 请尽早做出决定,不然你会坐失良机。() , ' .
（一）并列关系 名山大川 famous mountains and great rivers 名胜古迹 scenic spots and historical sites 湖光山色 landscape of lakes and hills 青山绿水 green hills and clear waters 奇松怪石 strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations 平等互利 equality and mutual benefit 扬长避短 play up strengths and avoid weaknesses 反腐倡廉 fight corruption and build a clean government 简政放权streamline administration and institute decentralization 集思广益 draw on collective wisdon and absorb all useful ideas 国泰民安 the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony 政通人和 the government functions well and people cooperate well 国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood 辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new 徇私舞弊 bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud 流连忘返 linger on with no thought of leaving for home 国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situation
英语翻译的四字成语大全 爱屋及乌Love me, love my dog. 百闻不如一见Seeing is believing. 比上不足，比下有余"worse off than some, better off than many; to fall short of the best, but be better than the worst 笨鸟先飞A slow sparrow should make an early start. 不眠之夜white night 不以物喜，不以己悲not pleased by external gains, not saddened by personnal losses 不遗余力spare no effort; go all out; do one\'s best 不打不成交"No discord, no concord. 拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new; ring out the old year and ring in the new 大事化小，小事化了try first to make their mistake sound less serious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 大开眼界open one\'s eyes; broaden one\'s horizon; be an eye-opener 国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace 过犹不及going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little 功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits.
成语英语翻译大全 爱屋及乌Love me,love my dog. 百闻不如一见Seeing is believing. 比上不足，比下有余"worse off than some,better off than many;tofall short of the best,but be better than the worst 笨鸟先飞A slow sparrow should make an early start. 不眠之夜white night 不以物喜，不以己悲not pleased by external gains,not saddenedby personnal losses 不遗余力spare no effort;go all out;do one‘s best 不打不成交"No discord,no concord. 拆东墙补西墙rob Peter to pay Paul 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old and usher in the new;ring out theold year and ring in the new 大事化小，小事化了try first to make their mistake sound lessserious and then to reduce it to nothing at all 大开眼界open one‘s eyes;broaden one‘s horizon;be a neye-opener 国泰民安The country flourishes and people live in peace 过犹不及going too far is as bad as not going far enough;beyond is as wrong as falling short;too much is as bad as too little 功夫不负有心人Everything comes to him who waits. 好了伤疤忘了疼once on shore,one prays no more 好事不出门，恶事传千里Good news never goes beyond the gate,while bad news spread far and wide. 和气生财Harmony brings wealth 活到老，学到老One is never too old to learn. 既往不咎let bygones be bygones 金无足赤,人无完人Gold can‘t be pure and man can‘t be perfect. 金玉满堂Treasures fill the home 脚踏实地be down-to-earth 脚踩两只船sit on the fence 君子之交淡如水the friendship between gentlemen is as pure ascrystal;a hedge between keeps friendship green 老生常谈，陈词滥调cut and dried,cliché 礼尚往来Courtesy calls for reciprocity. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧"Where there is life,there is hope." 马到成功achieve immediate victory;win instant success 名利双收gain in both fame and wealth 茅塞顿开be suddenly enlightened 没有规矩不成方圆Nothing can be accomplished without norms orstandards. 每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever one thinks of one‘s dear onesfar away.It is on the festival occasions when one misses his dearmost. 谋事在人，成事在天"The planning lies with man,the outcome withHeaven./Man proposes,God disposes." 弄巧成拙be too smart by half;Cunning outwits itself. 拿手好戏masterpiece
一）并列关系 名山大川famous mountains and great rivers 名胜古迹scenic spots and historical sites 湖光山色landscape of lakes and hills 青山绿水green hills and clear waters 奇松怪石strangely-shaped pines and grotesque rock formations 平等互利equality and mutual benefit 扬长避短play up strengths and avoid weaknesses 反腐倡廉fight corruption and build a clean government 简政放权streamline administration and institute decentralization 集思广益draw on collective wisdon and absorb all useful ideas 国泰民安the country flourish and the people live in peace and harmony
政通人和the government functions well and people cooperate well 国计民生national welfare and the people’s livelihood 辞旧迎新bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new 徇私舞弊bend the law for personal gain and engage in fraud 流连忘返linger on with no thought of leaving for home 国际局势复杂多变the complex and volatile international situation 开拓进取blaze new trails and forge ahead 求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences （二）语意重复 广袤无垠的中华大地the boundless expanse of the Chinese territory 高瞻远瞩的决策 a visionary/far-sighted
英语四字成语翻译： 1.一臂之力lend sb a helping hand 2.一点一滴every little bit 3.一刻千金every minute is precious 4.一目了然be clear at a glance 5.一视同仁treat sb equally 6.一无所知know nothing about 7.一心一意heart and soul 8.三番五次again and again, repeatedly 9.三三两两in twos and threes 10.三心二意be of two minds 11.四面八方(from)all directions 12.四通八达extend in all directions 13.五颜六色colorful ,of various colours14.十全十美be perfect in every way 15.不厌其烦take great pains/be patient 16.不分胜负come out even 17.不甘落后be unwilling to lag behind 18.不可思议unimaginable 19.不速之客unexpected guest 20.不言而喻it goes without saying that 21.不由自主can't help doing 22.不足为奇not at all surprising 23.迫不及待can't wait to do 24.不知不觉unconsciously 25.毫不在意don't/doesn't care at all 26.举世闻名be world-famous 27.举足轻重occupy a decisive position 28.名不符实unworthy of one's name 29.名不虚传deserve the reputation 30.井然有序be in good order 31.井井有条be in good order 32.跃跃欲试be eager to have a try 33.全面发展develop in an all-around way34.安然无恙be safe and sound 35.半途而废give up halfway 36.义不容辞one's duty to do sth 37.全力以赴go all out for/spare no effort38.千方百计by every possible means 39.持之以恒persevere 40.家喻户晓widely known, known to all 41.默默无闻unknown to the public 42.树立榜样set a good example for 43.理所当然naturally，of course 44.数以万计tens of thousands of 45.世世代代from generation to generation46.心不在焉absent-minded 47.梦想成真come true，become a reality 48.迫在眉睫extremely urgent 49.刻不容缓be of great urgency 50.无时无刻all the time 51.无所事事have nothing to do 52.毫不犹豫without hesitation 53.当务之急the most important thing for sb to do 54.爱不释手can’t stand parting with it / put it down / leave it aside 55.错失良机miss the good / golden chance / opportunity 56.流连忘返want to stay longer 57.固执己见stick to one’s opinion 58.一事无成achieve nothing 59.引人入胜so attractive 60.不尽如人意be not satisfactory 61.鼎力相助make the great effort/ try every possible means to help you 62.忘得一干二净forget everything 63.众所周知as is known to all/ It is known to all that 64.欣喜若狂be wild with joy 65.横贯平原cross / go across the plain 66.百读不厌be worth reading again and again 67.三言两语in a few words 68. 孤注一掷put all one's eggs in one basket
英语翻译中的四字成语： 1.事半功倍achieve twice the result with half the effort 2.井然有序be in good order 3.爱莫能助be powerless to help 4.百听不厌be worth listening to a hundred times 5.不能自已can’t control oneself 6.名不虚传deserve the reputation 7.口是心非don’t say what one thinks 8.鼎力相助do whatever one can to help sb 9.身临其境feel as if sb. were right on the scene 10.志同道合have a common goal 11.人云亦云have no views of one’s own 12.慷慨解囊help sb generously with money 13.三言两语in a few words 14.一石二鸟kill two birds with one stone 15.刮目相看look at sb with new eyes 16.爱不释手love sth so much that sb doesn’t want to put it away 17.若无其事pretend as if nothing unusual had happened 18.一技之长professional skill; speciality 19.兴趣相投share the same hobby 20.一鸣惊人surprise the world with one’s first success 21.不辞而别leave without saying goodbye 22.不屑一顾throw all caution to the winds 23.因人而异vary from person to person 24.万众一心with one heart and one mind 25.众目睽睽之下under the public gaze 英语谚语： 1.一鸟在手胜过二鸟在林。A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 2.事实胜于雄辩。Actions speak louder than words. 3.患难见真情。A friend in need is a friend indeed. 4.条条道路通罗马。/殊途同归。All roads lead to Rome. 5.发光的并非都是金子。All that glitters is not gold. 6.结果好，就一切都好。All that ends well is well. 7.以眼还眼，以牙还牙。An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth. 8.预防为主，治疗为辅。An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. 9.一花独放不是春，百花齐放春满园。A single flower does not make a spring. 10.寡言者智。A still tongue makes a wise head. 11.只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子要变傻。All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 12.一天一个苹果，医生远离找我。An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 13.一日之计在于晨。An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 14.少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。An idle youth, a needy age. 15.天无绝人之路。As one door closes, another door opens.