常考的动词宾语宾补结构
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一、“ make宾语+xx”的用法“ make宾语+宾补”这一结构中,宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当,例如:(1) A good friend is someone who makes you happy(. 形容词作宾补)(2) They made me repeat the story.(省to 的动词不定式)(3) He raised his voice to make himself heard过去分词作宾补)注:“ make宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。
(4) We made him monitor of our class.(名词作宾补)注:职务名词充当xx 补时其前面不要加冠词。
【试题链接】1. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them___ in his lectures.A.interestedB.interestingC.interestD.to interest2. Myparentshavealwaysmademe___aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.A.feeling wellB.feeling goodC.feel wellD.feel good答案:1. A2. D二、“ with宾语+xx”的用法“ with宾语+ 宾补”是高考试题中考查十分频繁的结构,“ with宾语+宾补”结构中的宾补主要有形容词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式等,在考题中常要求选择宾补的形式,在选择时宾补空间该使用什么形式,主要限决于宾语与宾补的关系,主动关系用现在分词,被动关系则用过去分词,此外,不定式作宾补要表示含义为将来的意味,例如:(2) With everything he need to buy, he went into the store. (不定式作宾补表示将来的含义)(3) With everything he need bought, he left the store. (过去分词作宾补表被动表完成)(4) With my key lost, I couldn ' t ente过m分词作宾补)(5) With nothing to do, I went out for a walk. (不定式作宾补)(6) I went out with the window open. ( 形容词作宾补)另外,“ with宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补,如:(1) She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.(2) He left the room with the light still on.试题链接】1. -- C ome on, please give me some ideas about the project. --- Sorry. With somuch work ___ my mind, I almost break down.A.filledB.fillingC.to fillD.being filled2. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ___ hegladly accepted it.A.finishedB.finishingC.having finishedD.was finished3. I couldn ' t to my homework with all the noise___.A.going onB.goes onC.went onD.to go on答案:1. B2. A3. A三、“ have宾语+xx”的用法在“have宾语+宾补”这一结构用法中,充当宾补的常用的有do, doing,done和adj,例如:(1) III have my hair cut this after n 我0今天下午要理发(2) I won ' t have you saying to your mother that way.(3) He reaIized that she did not wish to have her go with him.(4) I expect Amy wiII have the tea ready directIy.、/■ I ■ '。
高考英语之非谓语动词作宾补宾补——宾语补足语,即对宾语的补充说明。
这种语法现象出现频率很高,但是,不是所有动词都有宾补。
非谓语作宾补的形式也不尽相同。
本文详细讲解了高考考点的相关内容。
下面举些简单的宾补例子。
例如:——The dog keeps me happy. 那只让我很开心。
(形容词作宾补)——Don’t let me at home 不要让我待在家。
(介词短语作宾补)——We made him monitor. 我们选他作班长。
(名词作宾补)1.to do 作宾语补足补。
(1)某些特定词后接宾语,再接to do 作宾补。
句中的宾语常为非谓语的逻辑主语,即宾语发出非谓语的动作。
表主动,将要。
形式为:V.+ sb./sth. to do.例如:——Your mom asked you to go home and have dinner.你妈妈叫你回家吃饭。
解析:you 发出to go 和have 动作,即两者之间为主动关系。
表将要。
——Parents don’t allow their children to eat too much sugar.父母不允许他们的孩子吃太多的糖。
解析:children 发出to eat 动作,表主动,将要。
—— Students are not allowed to swim in the river.学生们不允许到河里游泳。
解析:将此被动句变成主动句:——not allow students to swim in the river. 所以还是to swim 作宾补。
常用的同类动词:advise 建议allow /permit 允许beg 祈求require/ request/demand 要求ask 询问,要求cause 导致encourage鼓励expect 盼望forbid 禁止force 强迫intend 意图invite 邀请order 命令persuade 说服prefer喜欢teach/instruct教remind提醒tell告诉want想要warn 警告wish 希望promise 答应注:下列词,用在被动句中,做主语补足语。
五种基本句型——主谓宾宾(宾补)结构主语+谓语+宾语(somebody)+宾语(something)主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语这个句型的语后面有两个宾语,这两个宾语放在一起叫双宾语(直接宾语+直接宾语)例如:Lend me your dictionary, please.这里“me”和“a book”一人一物做宾语就是双宾语这两个宾语:前一个宾语称为"间接宾语",多由代词或名词充当,通常为“人”;后一个宾语称为"直接宾语",往往由名词充当,通常为“物”。
这类句型常有"给某人某物"、"送某人某物"、"留给某人某物"等意思。
常见的这类谓语动词有:give(给某人……),bring(带给某人……), bring somebody somethingtell(告诉某人……), tell somebody somethingsend(送给某人……), send somebody somethingleave(留给某人……), leave somebody somethingpass(递给某人……), pass somebody somethingread(给某人读……), read somebody somethingwrite(给某人写……), write somebody somethingtake(给某人拿……), take somebody somethingshow(给某人看……), show somebody somethingteach(教给某人……), teach somebody somethingget(给某人弄到……), get somebody somethinglend(借给某人……), lend somebody somethingbuy(给某人买……), buy somebody somethingpay(支付给某人……), pay somebody somethinghand(递给某人……) 。
make宾补的四种形式Make宾补的四种形式Make是一个常用的动词,表示“制造、做、成为”。
在英语中,make后面常常跟着一个宾语补足语(object complement),用来进一步描述或说明宾语。
宾补通常是一个形容词、名词、副词或介词短语,下面将详细介绍make宾补的四种形式。
一、make + 宾语 + 形容词第一种形式是make + 宾语 + 形容词。
这种形式表示通过某些手段或方式使得宾语变得具有某种特定的品质或状态。
例如:1. He made me happy.(他让我感到快乐。
)2. The teacher made the lesson interesting.(老师让这节课变得有趣。
)3. She made the cake delicious.(她做出了美味的蛋糕。
)4. The weather made the road slippery.(天气使路面湿滑。
)二、make + 宾语 + 名词第二种形式是make + 宾语 + 名词。
这种形式表示通过某些手段或方式使得宾语成为某种事物或物品。
例如:1. He made a decision to quit his job.(他决定辞职了。
)2. She made a dress for her daughter's birthday party.(她为女儿的生日派对做了一件裙子。
)3. They made a mistake in the calculation.(他们在计算中犯了一个错误。
)4. The company made a profit last year.(公司去年盈利了。
)三、make + 宾语 + 副词第三种形式是make + 宾语 + 副词。
这种形式表示通过某些手段或方式使得宾语变得更加强烈或明显。
例如:1. He made the music louder.(他把音乐开大了。
)2. She made the room brighter by adding more lamps.(她通过增加更多的灯光让房间更亮了。
初中英语动词及动词考点1动词的基本框架动词包括实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词。
(一)实义动词实义动词是能独立作谓语的动词。
按其句法功能可分为及物动词和不及物动词;按其持续性可分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。
1.及物动词:及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思完整。
(1)动词+宾语I like this book very much.我非常喜欢这本书。
(2)动词+宾语+宾补We call the bird Polly.我们叫这只鸟Polly。
I saw the children play in the park yesterday.昨天我看见孩子们在公园玩。
注意:用省略to的不定式或现在分词作宾补的动词有:have,see,watch,notice,hear等。
(3)动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Please pass me the salt.请把盐递给我。
常见的带双宾语的动词有:give,bring,buy,get,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,teach,tell等。
2.不及物动词不及物动词自身意思完整,不用接宾语。
Horses run fast.马跑得快。
(1)有些动词既可作及物动词又可作不及物动词。
We study English.我们学习英语。
(及物动词)We study hard.我们努力学习。
(不及物动词)(2)有些不及物动词与一些别的词搭配在一起构成动词短语,它的作用相当于一个及物动词。
①动词+介词Listen to the teacher carefully.仔细听老师讲。
此类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词,都只能放在介词后面,不能放在动词和介词之间。
②动词+副词+介词Let’s go on with our work!让我们继续我们的工作吧!He gets along well with his classmates.他与他的同学们相处得很好。
英语语法:能带宾补的动词宾补是说明宾语的成分,上两期分别讲了英语语法:宾语补足语的构成、宾补的构成(二)。
这一期讲,英语语法:能带宾补的常用动词。
大家有没有都掌握了?没有掌握的话,后面返回来复习,加油~大部分英语动词不能带宾补,能带宾补的常用动词总共有几十个。
速记以下能带宾补的常用动词:wantdesiredoaskhopeseesethavewishheartakegethelplisten toleavemakefindwatchthinkletprovenoticecalladmitjustify(证明)electregardallowknowpaintconsiderpermitputturnnamedeem(认为)keepstartsendthrowgivelockdye(染)persuade(说服)expectinvitepushcutholdlikeorderjudgedrive(逼迫)pat(轻拍)wipeknockpickbelievedeclare(宣称)例如:They want it doneright now.他们现在就要它完成。
I heard a boy crying for tenminutes.我听到一个男孩哭了半小时。
I want you to follow me.我想你跟着我。
错误聚焦——容易被误作为宾补的词语主要是一些原形动词,例如:谁要你走?×Who wants you go?√Who wants you togo? (改成动词不定式)我要他过来。
×I will ask them come.√I will ask them to come. (改成动词不定式)。
宾语补足语宾语补足语的定义:宾语补足语指在英语中有些及物动词接了宾语意义仍不完整,还需要有一个其他的句子成分,来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等,简称宾补。
需要宾语补足语的动词有以下几类:第一类 使役动词使役动词表示“让”,“使”,所接的宾补多为动词不定式或过去分词,这类动词主要有have 、let 、get 、make 、leave 和keep 。
1. have 的用法 使...做某事,省略to 作宾补,宾补的动作一般尚未发生。
使/让.....持续地做,现在分词表主动,动作正在并且持续进行。
【注意】have sb. doing 若用于否定句中,其中have 有“容忍”之意。
+ done 使...被做 宾语是宾补动作的承受者。
例句:Mother ___________ (have) me go to the shop ___________ buy some salt when I was six. He had the light _____________ (burn) all night.I won’t have you ____________ (speak) to your dad like that.【即时演练】用所给动词的适当形式填空There's something wrong with my computer. I will have my computer (repair). The girl had her hat (blow) on her way home.The boss has the workers (work) 14 hours a day.We had the machine (mend) just now.2. let 的用法让......做,省略to 作宾补,一般情况下作宾补的动作尚未发生。
+ be done 让...被做,宾语与宾补之间逻辑上是被动关系例句:have +Olet + ODon’t let your child play with matches. 别让你的孩子玩火柴。
感官动词加宾语加宾补例句感官动词加宾语加宾补是构成复合宾语结构的一种形式,用来补充说明宾语的状态或结果。
感官动词包括see(看到)、hear(听到)、smell(闻到)、feel(感觉到)和taste(尝到)等。
在这篇文章中,我们将详细解析感官动词加宾语加宾补的结构和用法,并以中括号内的内容为主题,分步回答。
第一步:理解感官动词加宾语加宾补的基本概念在理解感官动词加宾语加宾补之前,我们首先需要明确感官动词和宾语的概念。
感官动词是指描述人或物通过感官器官获取外界信息的动词,如see(看到)、hear(听到)、smell(闻到)、feel(感觉到)和taste(尝到)。
宾语是动作的承受者或动作发生的对象。
在复合宾语结构中,宾语后面的宾补进一步说明或补充说明宾语的状态或结果。
第二步:分析感官动词加宾语加宾补的句式结构感官动词加宾语加宾补的基本句式结构为:感官动词+ 宾语+ 宾补。
宾补通常是形容词、名词或介词短语,用来补充说明宾语的状态或结果。
例如:1. I saw him [running in the park] yesterday.(我昨天见到他在公园跑步。
)2. She heard the news [about the accident] from her friend.(她从朋友那里听到了有关事故的消息。
)3. He smelled something [burning] in the kitchen.(他闻到厨房里有一股燃烧的味道。
)4. We felt the table [shake] during the earthquake.(在地震期间,我们感觉到桌子在摇晃。
)5. The chef tasted the soup [for seasoning] before serving it.(厨师上菜之前尝了一口汤水以调味。
)以上例句中,方括号内的内容即为宾补,用来详细描述宾语的状态或结果。
常见五个动词加宾语和宾补一.“make+宾语+宾补”的用法“make+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当,例如:(1) A good friend is someone who makes you happy.(形容词作宾补)(2) They made me repeat the story.(省to的动词不定式)(3) He raised his voice to make himself heard.(过去分词作宾补)注:“make+宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。
(4)We made him monitor of our class.(名词作宾补)注:职务名词充当宾补时其前面不要加冠词。
二、“with+宾语+宾补”的用法“with+宾语+宾补”是高考试题中考查十分频繁的结构,“with+宾语+宾补”结构中的宾补主要有形容词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不式等,在考题中常要求选择宾补的形式,在选择时宾补空间该使用什么形式,主要限决于宾语与宾补的关系,主动关系用现在分词,被动关系则用过去分词,此外,不定式作宾补要表示含义为将来的意味,例如:(1) With so many people communicating in English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledgeof English.(宾语so many people与communicate是主动关系,因此用现在分词作宾补)(2) With everything he needed to buy, he went into the store. (不定式作宾补表示将来的含义)(3) With everything he needed bought, he left the store. (过去分词作宾补表被动表完成)(4) With my key lost, I couldn’t enter my room. (过去分词作宾补)(5) With nothing to do, I went out for a walk. (不定式作宾补)(6) I went out with the window open. (形容词作宾补)另外,“with+宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补,如:(1) She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.(2) He left the room with the light still on.三、“have+宾语+宾补”的用法在“have+宾语+宾补”这一结构用法中,充当宾补的常用的有do,doing, done 和adj,例如:(1) I’ll have my hair cut this afternoon.我今天下午要理发。
一、“make+宾语+xx”的用法“make+宾语+宾补”这一结构中,宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当,例如:(1) A good friend is someone who makes you happy.(形容词作宾补)(2) They made me repeat the story.(省to的动词不定式)(3) He raised his voice to make himself heard.(过去分词作宾补)注:“make+宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。
(4)We made him monitor of our class.(名词作宾补)注:职务名词充当xx补时其前面不要加冠词。
【试题链接】1. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them___ in his lectures.A.interestedB.interestingC.interestD.to interest2.Myparentshavealwaysmademe___aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.A.feeling wellB.feeling goodC.feel wellD.feel good答案:1.A2.D二、“with+宾语+xx”的用法“with+宾语+宾补”是高考试题中考查十分频繁的结构,“with+宾语+宾补”结构中的宾补主要有形容词、现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式等,在考题中常要求选择宾补的形式,在选择时宾补空间该使用什么形式,主要限决于宾语与宾补的关系,主动关系用现在分词,被动关系则用过去分词,此外,不定式作宾补要表示含义为将来的意味,例如:(2) With everything he need to buy, he went into the store. (不定式作宾补表示将来的含义)(3) With everything he need bought, he left the store. (过去分词作宾补表被动表完成)(4) With my key lost, I couldn’t enter my room. (过去分词作宾补)(5) With nothing to do, I went out for a walk. (不定式作宾补)(6) I went out with the window open. (形容词作宾补)另外,“with+宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补,如:(1) She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.(2) He left the room with the light still on.【试题链接】1. ----Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.----Sorry. With so much work ___ my mind, I almost break down.A.filledB.fillingC.to fillD.being filled2. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ___ hegladly accepted it.A.finishedB.finishingC.having finishedD.was finished3. I couldn’t to my homework with all the noise___.A.going onB.goes onC.went onD.to go on答案:1. B2. A3. A三、“have+宾语+xx”的用法在“have+宾语+宾补”这一结构用法中,充当宾补的常用的有do,doing,done 和adj,例如:(1) I’ll have my hair cut this afternoon.我今天下午要理发。
(2) I won’t have you saying to your mother that way.(3) He realized that she did not wish to have her go with him.(4) I expect Amy will have the tea ready directly.注意:have sth. done的含义为“请别人来做某事或遭遇到某到情况”,例如:(1) I had the door painted last week.(2) He had his pocket picked.(3) She had her watch stolen.【试题链接】1.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglish ___ ina short period.A.improvedB.improvingC.to improveD.improveA.has it fixedB.had fixed itC.had it fixedD.fixed it3. You should understand the traffic rule by now. You’ve had it ___often enough.A.explaingB.to explainC.explainD.explained答案:1. A2. C3. D四、“find+宾语+xx”的用法“find+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾语补足语可以由现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及不定式to be等来充当。
分别举例如下:(1) You will find it a very difficult book.(2) The youth found it a hard problem to think about.(3) When he came to himself, he found himself surrounded by a group ofboys.(4) I hope to find you in better spirits when we meet again.(5) I find the Chinese people to be happy and cheerful.注意:find+宾语+宾补这一结构中通常不使用动词原形来充当宾语补足语,即没有“find+宾语+动词原形”这样的结构。
【试题链接】A cook will be immediately fired if he is found __ in the kitchen.(03全国卷)A.smokeB.smokingC.to smokeD.smoked答案:B。
五、“leave+宾语+xx”的用法Leave+宾语+宾语补足语,其中宾语补足这一成分可以由过去分词、现在分词、形容词、介词的复合结构等来充当,分述如下:1.由过去分词来充当宾语补足语:leavesth/sbdone,常用来表示宾语所处的状态或表示动作已经完成。
(1) Please excuse me if I have left any of your questions unanswered.(2) He got up slowly leaving the lunch unfinished.(3) Did you leave the doors and windows firmly fastened?△可用于被动语态:Hi!My patient can’t be left unattached.2.由现在分词来充当宾语补足语:leavesb/sthdoing,常用来表示使某人或某物一直做某事:(1) Don’t leave her waiting outside in the rain.(2) They went off together and left me sitting there.(3) We left him painting the gate.△可用于被动语态:Now the temple has only its walls left standing.The papers were left lying around.3.由形容词来充当宾语补足语:(1) You’d better leave the drawing-room door open.(2) His illness has left him weak.△可用于被动语态:The window was left open.4.由介词的复合结构充当宾语补足语:(1) Leave him in peace!(2) His illness left him with a weak heart.(3) You’ve left her name off the list.△可用于被动语态:I was left without a ray of hope.【试题链接】A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but thereader must not be left___.A.unsatisfiedB.unsatisfyingC.tobeunsatisfyingD.beingunsatisfied答案:A六、“hear+宾语+xx”的用法“hear+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾补常可以由现在分词、不带to的不定式、过去分词等来充当,如:Through the wall he could hear Harris cleaning his teeth.She could hear the rain pattering against the windows.Have you ever heard a pop song sung in Japanese?I won’t hear anything said against him behind his back.【试题链接】Afteraknockatthedoor,thechildheardhismother’svoice___him.A.callingB.calledC.being calledD.to call答案:A。