2016年12，月大学英语四级，考试真题附答案，（第二套.）
Part I
Writing
(30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have twooptions upon graduation: one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to agraduate school. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain thereasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180words.
Part Ⅱ
Listening Comprehension
(25 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each newsreport, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and thequestions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D .Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single linethrough the centre.
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
1. A. To satisfy the curiosity of tourists.
B. To replace two old stone bridges.
C. To enable tourists to visit Goat Island.
D. To improve utility services in the state.
2. A. Countless tree limbs.
B. A few skeletons.
C. Lots of wrecked boats and ships.
D. Millions of coins on the bottom.
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
3. A. It suspended diplomatic relations with Libya.
B. It urged tourists to leave Tunisia immediately.
C. It shut down two border crossings with Libya.
D. It launched a fierce attack against Islamic State.
4. A. Advise Tunisian civilians on how to take safety precautions.
B. Track down the organization responsible for the terrorist attack.
C. Train qualified security personnel for the Tunisian government.
D. Devise a monitoring system on the Tunisian border with Libya.
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5. A. An environment-friendly battery.
B. An energy-saving mobile phone.
C. A plant-powered mobile phone charger.
D. A device to help plants absorb sunlight.
6. A. While sitting in their school's courtyard.
B. While playing games on their phones.
C. While solving a mathematical problem.
D. While doing a chemical experiment.
7. A. It increases the applications of mobile phones.
B. It speeds up the process of photosynthesis.
C. It improves the reception of mobile phones.
D. It collects the energy released by plants.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8. A. He visited the workshops in the Grimsby plant.
B. He called the woman and left her a message.
C. He used stand-ins as replacements on all lines.
D. He asked a technician to fix the broken production line.
9. A. It is the most modern production line.
B. It assembles super-intelligent robots.
C. It has stopped working completely.
D. It is going to be upgraded soon.
10. A. To seek her permission.
B. To place an order for robots.
C. To request her to return at once.
D. To ask for Tom's phone number.
11. A. She is on duty.
B. She is having her day off.
C. She is on sick leave.
D. She is abroad on business.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
12. A. He saved a baby boy's life.
B. He wanted to be a superhero.
C. He prevented a train crash.
D. He was a witness to an accident.
13. A. He has a 9-month-old boy.
B. He is currently unemployed.
C. He enjoys the interview.
D. He commutes by subway.
14. A. A rock on the tracks.
B. A misplaced pushchair.
C. A strong wind.
D. A speeding car.
15. A. She stood motionless in shock.
B. She cried bitterly.
C. She called the police at once.
D. She shouted for help.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hearthree or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices markedA, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with asingle line through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A. She inherited her family ice-cream business in Billings.
B. She loved the ice-cream business more than teaching primary school.
C. She started an ice-cream business to finance her daughter's education.
D. She wanted to have an ice-cream truck when she was a little girl.
17. A. To preserve a tradition.
B. To amuse her daughter.
C. To help local education.
D. To make some extra money.
18. A. To raise money for business expansion.
B. To make her truck attractive to children.
C. To allow poor kids to have ice-cream too.
D. To teach kids the value of mutual support.
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A. The reasons for imposing taxes.
B. The various services money can buy.
C. The various burdens on ordinary citizens.
D. The function of money in the modem world.
20. A. Educating and training citizens.
B. Improving public transportation.
C. Protecting people's life and property.
D. Building hospitals and public libraries.
21. A. By asking for donations.
B. By selling public lands.
C. By selling government bonds.
D. By exploiting natural resources.
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22. A. It is located at the center of the European continent.
B. It relies on tourism as its chief source of revenues.
C. It contains less than a square mile of land.
D. It is surrounded by France on three sides.
23. A. Its beauty is frequently mentioned in American media.
B. Its ruler Prince Rainier married an American actress.
C. It is where many American movies are shot.
D. It is a favorite place Americans like to visit.
24. A. Tobacco.
B. Potatoes.
C. Machinery.
D. Clothing.
25. A. European history.
B. European geography.
C. Small countries in Europe.
D. Tourist attractions in Europe.
Part Ⅲ
Reading Comprehension
(40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one wordfor each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read thepassage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank isidentified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in thebank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
The ocean is heating up. That's the conclusion of a new study that finds that Earth's oceans now26heat at twice the rate they did 18 years ago. Around half of ocean heat intake since 1865 hastaken place since 1997, researchers report online in Nature Climate Change.
Warming waters are known to27 to coral bleaching (珊瑚白化) and they take up more spacethan cooler waters, raising sea28While the top of the ocean is well studied, its depths are moredifficult to 29The researchers gathered 150 years of ocean temperature data in order to get abetter30 of heat absorption from surface to seabed. They gathered together temperature readingscollected by everything from a 19th century31 of British naval ships to modem automated oceanprobes. The extensive data sources,32 with computer simulations ( 计算机模拟), created atimeline of ocean temperature changes, including cooling from volcanic outbreaks and warming fromfossil fuel33
About 35 percent of the heat taken in by the oceans during the industrial era now resides at a34 of more than 700 meters, the researchers found. They say they're35whether the deep-seawarming canceled out warming at the sea's surface.
A. absorb
B. Combined
C. Contribute
D. depth
E. emissions
F. excursion
G. explore
H. floor
I. heights
J. indifferent
K. levels
L. mixed
M. picture
N. unsure
O. voyage
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
The Secret to Raising Smart Kids
A) I first began to investigate the basis of human motivation--and how people persevere aftersetbacks--as a psychology graduate student at Yale University in the 1960s. Animal experiments bypsychologists at the University of Pennsylvania had shown that after repeated failures, most animalsconclude that a situation is hopeless and beyond their control. After such an experience an animaloften remains passive even when it can effect change--a state they called learned helplessness.
B) People can learn to be helpless, too. Why do some students give up when they encounter difficulty,whereas others who are no more skilled continue to strive and learn? One answer, I soondiscovered, lay in people's beliefs about why they had failed.
C) In particular, attributing poor performance to a lack of ability depresses motivation more than doesthe belief that lack of effort is to blame. When I told a group of school children who displayedhelpless behavior that a lack of effort led to their mistakes in math, they learned to keep tryingwhen the problems got tough. Another group of helpless children who were simply rewarded fortheir success on easier problems did not improve their ability to solve hard math problems. Theseexperiments indicated that a focus on effort can help resolve helplessness and generate success.
D) Later, I developed a broader theory of what separates the two general classes of learners--helplessversus mastery-oriented. I realized these different types of students not only explain their failuresdifferently, but they also hold different "theories" of intelligence.The helpless ones believeintelligence is a fixed characteristic: you have only a certain amount, and that's that. I call this a"fixed mind-set (思维模式). " Mistakes crack their self-confidence because they attribute errors toa lack of ability, which they feel powerless to change. They avoid challenges because challengesmake mistakes more likely. The mastery-oriented children, on the other hand, think intelligence isnot fixed and can be developed through education and hard work. Such children believe challengesare energizing rather than intimidating (令人生畏); they offer opportunities to learn. Studentswith such a growth mind-set were destined (注定) for greater academic success and were quitelikely to outperform their counterparts.
E) We validated these expectations in a study in which two other psychologists and
I monitored 373students for two years during the transition to junior high school, when the work gets more difficultand the grading more strict, to determine how their mind-sets might affect their math grades. At thebeginning of seventh grade, we assessed the students' mind-sets by asking them to agree or disagreewith statements such as "Your intelligence is something very basic about you that you can't reallychange. " We then assessed their beliefs about other aspects of learning and looked to see whathappened to their grades.
F) As predicted, the students with a growth mind-set felt that learning was a more important goal thangetting good grades. In addition, they held hard work in high regard. They understood that evengeniuses have to work hard. Confronted by a setback such as a disappointing test grade, studentswith a growth mind-set said they would study harder or try a different strategy. The students whoheld a fixed mind-set, however, were concerned about looking smart with less regard for learning.They had negative views of effort, believing that having to work hard was a sign of low ability.They thought that a person with talent or intelligence did not need to work hard to do well.Attributing a bad grade to their own lack of ability, those with a fixed mind-set said that they wouldstudy less in the future, try never to take that subject again and consider cheating on future tests.
G) Such different outlooks had a dramatic impact on performance. At the start of junior high, the mathachievement test scores of the students with a growth mind-set were comparable to those ofstudents who displayed a fixed mind-set. But as the work became more difficult, the students witha growth mind-set showed greater persistence. As a result, their math grades overtook those of theother students by the end of the first semester--and the gap between the two groups continued towiden during the two years we followed them.
H) A fixed mind-set can also hinder communication and progress in the workplace and discourage orignore constructive criticism and advice. Research shows that managers who have a fixed mind-setare less likely to seek or welcome feedback from their employees than are managers with a growthmind-set.
I) How do we transmit a growth mind-set to our children? One way is by telling stories aboutachievements that result from hard work. For instance, talking about mathematical geniuses whowere more or less born that way puts students in a fixed mind-set, but descriptions of greatmathematicians who fell in love with math and developed amazing skills produce a growth mind-set.
J) In addition, parents and teachers can help children by providing explicit instruction regarding themind as a learning machine. I designed an eight-session workshop for 91 students whose mathgrades were declining in their first year of junior high.Forty-eight of the students receivedinstruction in study skills only, whereas the others attended a combination of study skills sessionsand classes in which they learned about the growth mind-set and how to apply it to schoolwork. Inthe growth mind-set classes, students read and discussed an article entitled "You Can Grow YourBrain. " They were taught that the brain is like a muscle that gets stronger with use and thatlearning prompts the brain to grow new connections. From such instruction, many students beganto see themselves as agents of their own brain
development. Despite being unaware that there weretwo types of instruction, teachers reported significant motivational changes in 27% of the childrenin the growth mind-set workshop as compared with only 9% of students in the control group. K) Research is converging (汇聚) on the conclusion that great accomplishment and even genius istypically the result of years of passion and dedication and not something that flows naturally from agift.
36. The author's experiment shows that students with a fixed mind-set believe having to work hard is an indication of low ability.
37. Focusing on effort is effective in helping children overcome frustration and achieve success.
38. We can cultivate a growth mind-set in children by telling success stories that emphasize hard work and love of learning.
39. Students' belief about the cause of their failure explains their attitude toward setbacks.
40. In the author's experiment, students with a growth mind-set showed greater perseverance in solving difficult math problems.
41. The author conducted an experiment to find out about the influence of students' mind-sets on math learning.
42. After failing again and again, most animals give up hope.
43. Informing students about the brain as a learning machine is a good strategy to enhance their motivation for learning.
44. People with a fixed mind-set believe that one's intelligence is unchangeable.
45. In the workplace, feedback may not be so welcome to managers with a fixed mind-set.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A., B., C. AndD . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on AnswerSheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
"Sugar, alcohol and tobacco," economist Adam Smith once wrote," are commodities which arenowhere necessaries of life, which have become objects of almost universal consumption, and whichare, therefore, extremely popular subjects of taxation. " Two and a haft centuries on, most countries impose some sort of tax on alcohol and tobacco. Withsurging obesity levels putting increasing strain on public health systems, governments around the worldhave begun to toy with the idea of taxing sugar as well.
Whether such taxes work is a matter of debate. A preliminary review of Mexico's taxation found afall in purchases of taxed drinks as well as a rise in sales of untaxed and healthier drinks. By contrast,a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims thatconsumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper, fattierfare.
The food industry has, in general, been firmly opposed to such direct government
action.Nonetheless, the renewed focus on waistlines means that industry groups are under pressure todemonstrate their products are healthy as well as tasty.
Over the past three decades, the industry has made some efforts to improve the quality of itsofferings. For example, some drink manufacturers have cut the amount of sugar in their beverages.
Many of the reductions over the past 30 years have been achieved either by reducing the amount ofsugar, salt or fat in a product, or by finding an alternative ingredient. More recently, however, somecompanies have been investing money in a more ambitious undertaking: learning how to adjust thefundamental make-up of the food they sell. For example, having salt on the outside, but none on theinside, reduces the salt content without changing the taste.
While reformulating recipes ( 配方) is one way to improve public health, it should be part of amulti-sided approach. The key is to remember that there is not just one solution. To deal with obesity,a mixture of approaches--including reformulation, taxation and adjusting portion sizes--will beneeded. There is no silver bullet.
46. What did Adam Smith say about sugar, alcohol and .tobacco?
A. They were profitable to manufacture.
B. They were in ever-increasing demand.
C. They were subject to taxation almost everywhere.
D. They were no longer considered necessities of life.
47. Why have many countries started to consider taxing sugar?
A. They are under growing pressure to balance their national budgets.
B. They find it ever harder to cope with sugar-induced health problems.
C. The practice of taxing alcohol and tobacco has proved both popular and profitable.
D. The sugar industry is overtaking alcohol and tobacco business in generating profits.
48. What do we learn about Danish taxation on fat-rich foods?
A. It did not work out as well as was expected.
B. It gave rise to a lot of problems on the border.
C. It could not succeed without German cooperation.
D. It met with firm opposition from the food industry.
49. What is the more recent effort by food companies to make foods and drinks both healthy and tasty?
A. Replacing sugar or salt with alternative ingredients.
B. Setting a limit on the amount of sugar or salt in their products.
C. Investing in research to find ways to adapt to consumers' needs.
D. Adjusting the physical composition of their products.
50. What does the author mean by saying, at the end of the passage, "There is no silver bullet" ( Line 4, Para.7)?
A. There is no single easy quick solution to the problem.
B. There is no hope of success without public cooperation.
C. There is no hurry in finding ways to solve the obesity problem.
D. There is no effective way to reduce people's sugar consumption.
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
You may have heard some of the fashion industry horror stories: models eating tissues or cottonballs to hold off hunger, and models collapsing from hunger-induced heart attacks just seconds afterthey step off the runway.
Excessively skinny models have been a point of controversy for decades, and two researchers saya model's body mass should be a workplace health and safety issue. In an editorial released Monday inthe American Journal of Public Health, Katherine Record and Bryn Austin made their case forgovernment regulation of the fashion industry.
The average international runway model has a body mass index (BMI) under 16--low enough toindicate starvation by the World Health Organization's standard. And Record and Austin are worried notjust about the models themselves, but about the vast number of girls and women their images influence.
"Especially girls and teens," says Record. "Seventy percent of girls aged 10 to 18 report that theydefine perfect body image based on what they see in magazines. " That's especially worrying, she says,given that anorexia (厌食症) results in more deaths than does any other mental illness, according tothe National Institute of Mental Health.
It's commonly known that certain diseases are linked with occupations like lung disease in coalminers. Professional fashion models are particularly vulnerable to eating disorders resulting fromoccupational demands to maintain extreme thinness. Record's suggestion is to prohibit agents from hiring models with a BMI below 18. In April, France passed a law setting lower limits for a model's weight. Agents and fashion houseswho hire models with a BMI under 18 could pay $ 82,000 in fines and spend up to 6 months in jail.Regulating the fashion industry in the United States won't be easy, Record says. But with the new rulesin France, U.S. support could make a difference. "A designer can't survive without participating inParis Fashion Week", she says, adding," Our argument is that the same would be true of New YorkFashion Week. "
51. What do Record and Austin say about fashion models' body mass?
A. It has caused needless controversy.
B. It is but a matter of personal taste.
C. It is the focus of the modeling business.
D. It affects models' health and safety.
52. What are Record and Austin advocating in the Monday editorial?
A. A change in the public's view of female beauty.
B. Government legislation about models' weight.
C. Elimination of forced weight loss by models.
D. Prohibition of models eating non-food stuff.
53. Why are Record and Austin especially worried about the low body mass index of models?
A. It contributes to many mental illnesses.
B. It defines the future of the fashion industry.
C. It has great influence on numerous girls and women.
D. It keeps many otherwise qualified women off the runway.
54. What do we learn about France's fashion industry?
A. It has difficulty hiring models.
B. It has now a new law to follow.
C. It allows girls under 18 on the runway.
D. It has overtaken that of the United States.
55. What does Record expect of New York Fashion Week?
A. It will create a completely new set of rules.
B. It will do better than Paris Fashion Week.
C. It will differ from Paris Fashion Week.
D. It will have models with a higher BMI.
Part Ⅳ
Translation
( 30 minutes )
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
在中国文化中，黄颜色是一种很重要的颜色，因为它具有独特的象征意义。在圭蝗(feudal)社会中，它象征统治者的权力和权威。那时，黄色是专为皇帝使用的颜色，皇家宫殿全都漆成黄色，皇袍总是黄色的，而普通老百姓是禁止穿黄色衣服的。在中国，黄色也是收获的象征。秋天庄稼成熟时，田野变得一片金黄。人们兴高采烈，庆祝丰收。
2016年12月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解
(第2套)
Part IWriting
范文点评
高分范文
Going to Graduate School Is a Better Choice
①If given two options after graduation, that is, totake a job in a company or to go to a graduate school, I'dprefer the latter.
② First and foremost, it is widely acknowledged thata higher level of education means better payments and moreopportunities in the future in China. ③ Therefore, I thinkanother two or three years' investment in graduate educationmust be worthwhile in the long run. ④ Secondly, I lovemy major and have a strong desire to further my study soas to deeply explore some academic issues in this field.
⑤Finally, the job market for undergraduate students is toocompetitive for average students like me to find asatisfying job.⑥ Thus, it would be a better choice if Icould obtain a master's degree.
⑦ Considering the three reasons listed above, I wouldchoose to go to a graduate school after graduation to earn abetter future.
作文全文翻译
Part II Listening Comprehension
Section A
News Report one
听力全文
Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.
预览两道题各选项，由选项中出现的tourists，stone bridges，Goat Island和boats and ships等词可以推测，新闻内容与某个旅游景点有关，且该景点涉及水。
1．Why does New York State want to turn off Niagara Falls?
B。新闻中提到，纽约州公园系统想在未来的两三年内关闭美国境内的尼亚加拉大瀑布，以更换行人、公园车辆和设备通往山羊岛的两座石桥，这两座石桥距今已有115年的历史了。因此答案为B。
2．What did people find when Niagara Falls were shut off in l9697
D。新闻结尾提到，1969年尼亚加拉大瀑布被关闭后，人们发现河底有数百万的硬币。因此答案为D。
News Report Two
听力全文
Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.
预览两道题各选项，由选项中出现的Libya，Tunisia，border crossings，terrorist attack 和security等词可以推测，新闻内容与突尼斯和利比亚边境发生的恐怖袭击有关。．
3． C。查看解析
4． D。查看解析
News Report Three
听力全文
Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.
5． C。查看解析
6． A。查看解析
7． D。查看解析
Conversation One
听力全文
Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
8． B。查看解析
9． C。查看解析
10． A。查看解析
11． B。查看解析
Conversation Two
W: This is Kerry Burke from New York Daily News.(12/13) I'm speaking to Delroy Simmonds, anunemployed Brooklyn man who missed a job interview Tuesday for the best of reasons : He was saving thelife of a 9-month-old boy who was blown into the path of an oncoming subway train by a high wind.
M: Everybody is making me out to be some sort of superhero. I'm just an ordinary person, and a father of two. Anybody in that situation would have done what I did. W: You were going to an interview when the incident occurred, right?
M: Yes, I was on my way to apply for a maintenance position. I've been looking for a job for a year and more. I'm looking for something to support my family.
W: Tell us what happened at the station.
M: (14) There was a strong wind. It had to be 30 to 40 miles an hour. There was a
woman with four kids. One was in a pushchair. The wind blew the baby onto the tracks. W: (15) Witnesses said people were looking on in horror as the child's mother, identified by sources as MariaZamara, stood frozen in shock. In the distance, people could see the train rounding a bend, headed intothe station．I guess you were not aware of any of these。right?
M：N0．I just jumped down and grabbed the baby．The train was coming around the corner as I lifted the babyfrom the tracks．I really wasn’t thinking．
W：What an amazing story．Thank you very much．
Questions l2 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard．
12． A。查看解析
13． B。查看解析
14． C。查看解析
15． A。查看解析
Section C
Passage One
听力全文
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.
预览三道题各选项，由选项中出现的ice．cream business，ice．cream truck和ice．cream 等词可以推测，短文内容与冰激凌生意有关。
16． D。查看解析
17． A。查看解析
18． C。查看解析
Passage Two
听力全文
Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.
预览三道题各选项，由选项中出现的taxes，money，Educating，Improving，Protecting 和Building等词可以推测，短文内容与税收及其用途有关。19．What does the speaker mainly talk about?
A。短文开头提到，我们通过交税来享受这些服务，而在短文结尾又提到，我们必须为让我们的生活变得更加舒适的服务支付一定的费用。由此可知，本文主要谈论的是交税的原因，故答案为A。
20．What is most of the government money used for?
C。短文中提到，每个政府的主要职能就是保护人身和财产安全，超过四分之三的政府开销都用在此目的上。因此答案为C。
21．How did the government raise money to pay public bills in the past?
B。短文中提到，以前政府通过出售公有土地来筹集钱款，故答案为B。
Passage Three
听力全文
Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
22． D。查看解析
23．B。查看解析
24． D。查看解析
25． C. 查看解析
Part ⅢReading Comprehension
Section A
阅读全文翻译
选项归类
名词：
D.depth深度，深厚；
E.emissions排放；
F.excursion远足，短途旅游；
H.floor地板，楼层；
I.heights高度，高地；
K.levels水平面，水平；
M.picture局面，图画；
0.voyage航行，航程
动词：
A.absorb吸收，吸引……的注意；
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7b9882148.html,bined使结合；
C.contribute是(造成某情况)的一个原因，贡献；
G.explore探索，探险；
K.levels使成水平，使平等；
L.mixed使混合，混淆；
M.picture想象，描述
形容词：
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7b9882148.html,bined联合的；
J.indifferent漠不关心的；
L.mixed混合的，混淆的；
N.unsure不确定的，缺乏信心的
详解详析
26．A.absorb。查看解析
27．C.contribute。查看解析
28．K.levels。查看解析
29．G.explore。查看解析
30．M.picture。查看解析
31．O.voyage。查看解析
32．https://www.doczj.com/doc/7b9882148.html,bined。查看解析
33．E.emissions。查看解析
34．D.depth。查看解析
35．N.unsure。查看解析
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36. F。查看解析
37. Focusing on effort is effective in helping children overcome frustration and achieve success.
专注于努力在帮助孩子战胜挫折，获得成功方面是有效的=由题干中的Focusing on effort
和achieve success定位到原文画线处
该段第一句提到，比起归因于缺乏努力，把糟糕的表现归因于缺乏能力对积极性的打击更大。因此应该让孩子专注于付出努力会帮助他们勇敢地面对挫折，获得成功。题干二中的overcome frustration对应原文中的resolve helplessness，achieve对应generate，故答案为C。
38. I。查看解析
39. B。查看解析
40. In the author's experiment, students with a growth mind-set showed greater perseverance in solving difficult math problems.
在作者的实验中，拥有成长思维模式的学生在解决数学难题时表现出更强大的毅力，
由题干中的greater perseverance和difficult定位到原文画线处。
该段开头提到这两种不同看法或者说两种思维模式会对学生的学业表现产生重大影响，但这种影响并不会在一开始显现出来。当课程的难度逐渐增大时，拥有成长思维模式的学生会表现出更强大的毅力。题干中的perseverance对应原文中的persistence，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为G。
41. E。查看解析
42. After failing again and again, most animals give up hope.
在一次又一次的失败之后，大多数动物都会放弃希望。
由题干中的failing again and again和give up hope定位到原文画线处。
定位句指出宾夕法尼亚大学的心理学家们做的动物实验表明，大多数动物在遭遇多次失败之后，都会认为没有希望了，对于糟糕的情况它们束手无策，、题干中的failing again and again对应原文中的repeated failures：give up hope对应原文中的hopeless，故答案为A。
43. J。查看解析
44. D。查看解析
45. H。查看解析
Section C
Passage One
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46．C。
47．B。
48．A。由题干中Danish taxation on fat-rich foods定位至第三段第三句：By contrast, a Danish tax on foods high in fats was abandoned a year after its introduction, amid claims that consumers were avoiding it by crossing the border to Germany to satisfy their desire for cheaper．fattier fare．
事实细节题。第三段讨论了糖、酒、烟税的有效性问题。墨西哥的酒税是有效的，但是丹麦征收的高脂肪食品税却在执行一年后就被废除了，因为消费者为避免纳税可以跨境去德国购买能满足其需求且更便宜、脂肪含量更高的食品。由此可知，A.“没有像预期的那样有效”符合原文意思，故本题答案为A。
B.“带来了许多边境问题”、
C.“没有德国的合作不可能成功”在原文中均未提及，故均排除；
D.“遇到了食品业的坚决反对”虽然符合第四段第一句的表述，但是第三段中并没有明确指出丹麦的政策是否遇到了抵制，故排除。
49．D。查看解析
。
50．A。查看解析
Passage Two
全文翻译
你可能听说过时尚行业的一些恐怖故事：模特们吃下纸巾或棉花球来抵抗饥饿，她们走下T 台后不久就因饥饿导致的心脏病而倒下。
(51)几十年以来过瘦的模特一直是争论的焦点，两位研究者称模特的体重应该成为职场健康的安全问题。(52)在星期一发行的《美国公共健康杂志》上，凯瑟琳·雷科德和布瑞恩·奥斯汀阐述了政府加强时尚行业管理的理由。
国际T台模特的体重指数(BMI)平均不到l6——按照世界卫生组织的标准足以表明饥饿。(53)雷科德和奥斯汀担忧的不仅仅是模特本身，还有受模特形象影响的大量盘性。
“尤其是女孩和青少年。”雷科德说，“70％的l0～18岁女孩认为，她们根据在杂志上看到的来定义什么是完美体型。”雷科德说这尤其让人担心，因为根据国家精神健康研究院统计，厌食症导致的死亡人数比任何其他精神疾病都要多。
众所周知，某些疾病与职业相关，例如煤矿工人易得肺病。由于职业需要保持极瘦的体型，专业模特尤其易患饮食失调。
雷科德的建议是禁止模特代理公司雇佣体重指数低于l8的模特。
(54)四月份，法国通过了一项法律，给模特的体重规定了更低的限制。模特代理公司和时尚企业如果雇用体重指数低于l8的模特，要缴纳82000美元的罚款，入狱最高达6个月。雷科德说监管美国的时尚业并不轻松。但是随着法国通过了新法律，在美国的支持会大有不同。
(55)她补充道，“如果不参加巴黎时尚周，一个设计师都无法生存。我们认为．纽约时尚周也应如此。”
详解详析
51．D。查看解析
52．B。查看解析
53．C。查看解析
54．B。查看解析
55．D。查看解析
Part IV
Translation
参考译文
In Chinese culture, yellow is a color occupying a fairly prominent position, which is endowed with unique symbolic significance. In the feudal society, yellow stands for the ruler's power and authority. At that time,yellow was specially designed for the emperor, with the royal palace painted yellow and the imperial robealways being yellow while the ordinary people were never being permitted to wear yellow. In China, yellow is also the symbol of harvest. When crops are ripening in the fall, farmers celebrate the harvest in high spirits,with the fields taldng on a vast expanse of golden appearance.
一、 单选题（题数：50，共 50.0 分）
1
“黄兴公园”采取的是那种命名方法？（）（1.0 分）
0.0 分
? A、
特色命名法
? B、
典故命名法
? C、
自然命名法
? D、
人名命名法
正确答案： D 我的答案：C
2
家族企业“亲戚带来的损失”是能够采取一些措施补救的，下列措施不恰当的是（）。 （1.0 分）
1.0 分
? A、
在企业建立严格的管理制度和科学的工作流程
? B、
招聘更合适的人才来承担管理职责
? C、
采取手段将亲戚免职，创业初期应避免任用亲戚
? D、
明确分工，在公司明确责、权、利关系
正确答案： C 我的答案：C
3
关于商务谈判，下列选项错误的是（）。（1.0 分）
1.0 分
? A、
谈判胜利的秘诀之一是比对手更了解市场
? B、
谈判胜利的砝码之一是比对手更了解对方的优势和劣势
? C、
谈判中的气势在于自身的气质和内涵
? D、
谈判时应该卸下自信心，保持谦卑
正确答案： D 我的答案：D
4
规避财务风险的策略，下列说法错误的是（）。（1.0 分）
1.0 分
? A、
要留好贮备金
? B、
创业初期不要在固定资产上投入过多
? C、
注意资金的使用期限
? D、
拉长投资的回收期
正确答案： D 我的答案：D
5
创业计划书应该呈现的内容是（）。（1.0 分）
1.0 分
? A、
市场中存在的问题和解决问题的方案或产品
? B、
产品的用户群、竞争力、市场前景、亮点
? C、
财务分析和团队介绍
2017年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案（第一套）Part I Writing （25 minutes） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short easy on how to best handle the relationship between doctors and patients. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension （25 minutes） Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1. A) Her friend Erika. C) Her grandfather. B) Her little brother. D) Her grandmother. 2. A) By taking pictures for passers-by. C) By selling lemonade and pictures. B) By working part time at a hospital. D) By asking for help on social media. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) Finding cheaper ways of highway construction. B) Generating electric power for passing vehicles. C) Providing clean energy to five million people. D) Testing the efficiency of the new solar panel. 4. A) They can stand the wear and tear of natural elements. B) They can be laid right on top of existing highways. C) They are only about half an inch thick. D) They are made from cheap materials. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5. A) Endless fighting in the region. C) Inadequate funding for research. B) The hazards from the desert. D) The lack of clues about the species. 6. A) To observe the wildlife in the two national parks. B) To identify the reasons for the lions’ disappearance. C) To study the habitat of lions in Sudan and Ethiopia.
CET4 2015年6月份英语四级真题（CET4）
未得到监考老师指令前，不得翻阅该试题册! Part 1 Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and them comment on this kind of modern life. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. THIS MODERN LIFE: WORK HOME PLAY SLEEP 请用黑色签字笔在答题卡1指定区域作答作文题，在试题册上的作答无效。
Part II Listening Comprehension (30minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will bear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each questions there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B),C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 1 with a single line through the center. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答 1. A) He is pleased to sit on the committee C) He will tell the woman his decision later B) He is willing to offer the woman a hand D) He would like to become a club member 2. A) Their planned trip to Vancouver is obviously overpriced B) They should borrow a guide book instead of buying one C ) The guide books in the library have the latest information D) The library can help order guide books about Vancouver 3. A) He regrets having taken the history course B) He finds little interests in history books
《短文两篇》 一、积累与运用 1. 给下面的字注音。 陋（）铭（）馨（）牍（）鸿（）儒（）淤（）涟（）蔓（）苔（）蜀（）逸（噫（） 2. 下列句中加点的单音节词，相当于现代汉语中哪个双音节词，并填入括号内。 （1）有仙则名（）（2）有龙则灵（）（3）惟吾德馨（）（4）苔痕上阶绿（） （5）可以调素琴（）（6）出淤泥而不染（）（7）香远益清（）（8）宜乎众矣（） 3.选择下列句子朗读停顿恰当的一项。 （1）无案牍之劳形 A.无/案牍之劳形B.无案牍/之劳形C.无案牍之/劳形D.无案牍/之/劳形 （2）予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染A.予独爱莲之出淤泥/而不染B.予独爱莲/之出淤泥而不染 C.予独爱/莲之出淤泥而不染 D.予/独爱莲之出淤泥而不染 4.给下列句中加点的词语选择正确义项。 （1）牡丹之爱，宜乎众矣 A.应当 B.适宜 C.当然 （2）菊之爱，陶后鲜有闻 A.新鲜 B.少 C.鲜艳 （3）水不在深，有龙则灵 A.否则 B.却 C.那么，就 （4）无丝竹之乱耳 A.助词、的B.代词，它C.用在主谓之间，取消句子独立性，不译 （5）可以调素琴 A.能够，用现代汉语“可以” B.可以用 C.能凭借 （6）濯清涟而不妖 A.美丽而不庄重 B.妖气 C.装束奇异 （7）同予者何人 A.赞成 B.同意 C.和……一样 （8）亭亭净植 A.植物 B.栽种 C.树立 6.指出下列各句加点词的词性变化及在句中的意思。 （1）山不在高，有仙则名（2）水不在深，有龙则灵 （3）无丝竹之乱耳（4）无案牍之劳形 （5）不蔓不枝（6）香远益清 7.写出下列加点字的古义和今义 （1）无案牍之劳形古义：今义：（2）惟吾德馨古义：今义： （3）谈笑有鸿儒古义：今义：（4）无丝竹之乱耳古义：今义：
第一模块数与代数 【点击重难点】 1.掌握倍数和因数等相关概念，以及应用概念判断、推理，理解相关概念的联系和区别。 2.加深理解分数、百分数的意义，熟练地在实际生活中应用分数和百分数。 3.常见的量的归纳整理和应用，掌握时间单位间的关系。 4.掌握四则混合计算的运算顺序，理解运算律和一些规律，灵活选择合理、简捷的算法。 5.掌握从条件或问题想起、画图、列表、转化、假设、列举等解决问题的策略，根据问题的特点选择合适的策略解决问题。 【必考题重现】 【例题1】一个数由5个亿、3个千万、4个万、7个千组成。写出这个数，并把它改写成用“万”作单位的数，再省略亿位后面的尾数，写出近似数。 【思路点睛】先对应数位顺序表，在亿位上写“5”，千万位上写“3”，万位上写“4”，千位上写“7”，即5 3——4 7———，其余各位上都是0，因此该数为530047000；改写成用“万”作单位的数，先从右向左数4位，点上小数点，即53004.7000，省略小数末尾的0，同时在后面加上“万”字，因此可以写成53004.7万；同样，用“亿”作单位可写成5.30047亿，省略亿位后面的尾数，看“3”，根据四舍五入应该舍去，即近似数为5亿。 【例题2】在1、2、3、9、24、41和51中，素数有（），合数有（），（）是偶数但不是合数，（）是奇数但不是素数。 【思路点睛】先挑出其中的素数：2、3、41，合数为9、24、51，也可以这样想，去掉1和所有的素数，剩下的都是合数。2是偶数中唯一的素数。最后一问分两步考虑：（1）选出所有的奇数，为1、3、9、41、51；（2）去掉其中的素数3、41。因此，剩下的1、9、51是奇数但不是素数。 第二模块图形和几何 【点击重难点】 1.理解平面图形的特征及其相互关系，理解平面图形之间的联系和区别。 2.掌握周长和面积的计算公式及运用，认识它们的内在联系，运用周长和面积的知识解决实际问题。 3.掌握立体图形表面积、体积计算公式及其运用，运用计算公式解决表面积和体积等实际问题。 4.理解和掌握图形不同运动方式的相应特点和运动方法。
大学英语四级历年真题及答案（经典版） 2012年6月英语四级 Part ⅠWriting (30minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Excessive Packaging following the outline given below. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象 2.出现这一现象的原因 3.我对这一现象的看法和建议 On Excessive Packaging Part ⅡReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1. For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A)，B)，C）and D). For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Small Schools Rising This year's list of the top 100 high schools shows that today, those with fewer students are flourishing. Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big, modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands. As baby boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人) came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses, and, of course, better football teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-offs this involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构)，the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachers and students.SAT scores began dropping in 1963;today,on average,30% of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods. While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary(and some middle)schools, high schools for a variety of reasons seemed to have made little progress. Size isn't everything, but it does matter, and the past decade has seen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due ,in part ,to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $1.8 billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1,000 small schools-most of them with about 400 kids each with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade, About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the country are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New York, Chicago and
2016年12月大学英语四级真题（第一套） Part I Writing (30minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. Suppose you have two options upon graduation: one is to take a job in a company and the other to go to a graduate school. You are to make a choice between the two. Write an essay to explain the reasons for your choice. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1and 2 are based on the news report you have just the heard. 1. A) It was going to be renovated. C) It was dangerous to live in. B) He could no longer pay the rent. D) He had sold it to the royal family. 2. A) A storm. C) A forest fire. B) A strike. D) A Terrorist attack. Questions 3and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3. A) They lost contact with the emergency department. B) They were injured by suddenly falling rocks. C) They sent calls for help via a portable radio. D) They were trapped in an underground elevator. 4. A) They provided the miner with food and water.
》》》》》》》》》积一时之跬步臻千里之遥程《《《《《《《《《《《《 初中语文试卷 马鸣风萧萧 《短文两篇》 一、积累与运用 1. 给下面的字注音。 陋（）铭（）馨（）牍（）鸿（）儒（）淤（）涟（）蔓（）苔（）蜀（）逸（噫（） 2. 下列句中加点的单音节词，相当于现代汉语中哪个双音节词，并填入括号内。 （1）有仙则名（）（2）有龙则灵（）（3）惟吾德馨（）（4）苔痕上阶绿（）（5）可以调素琴（）（6）出淤泥而不染（）（7）香远益清（）（8）宜乎众矣（） 3.选择下列句子朗读停顿恰当的一项。 （1）无案牍之劳形 A.无/案牍之劳形B.无案牍/之劳形C.无案牍之/劳形D.无案牍/之/劳形 （2）予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染A.予独爱莲之出淤泥/而不染B.予独爱莲/之出淤泥而不染 C.予独爱/莲之出淤泥而不染 D.予/独爱莲之出淤泥而不染 4.给下列句中加点的词语选择正确义项。 （1）牡丹之爱，宜乎众矣 A.应当 B.适宜 C.当然 （2）菊之爱，陶后鲜有闻 A.新鲜 B.少 C.鲜艳 （3）水不在深，有龙则灵 A.否则 B.却 C.那么，就 （4）无丝竹之乱耳 A.助词、的B.代词，它C.用在主谓之间，取消句子独立性，不译（5）可以调素琴 A.能够，用现代汉语“可以” B.可以用 C.能凭借 （6）濯清涟而不妖 A.美丽而不庄重 B.妖气 C.装束奇异 （7）同予者何人 A.赞成 B.同意 C.和……一样 （8）亭亭净植 A.植物 B.栽种 C.树立 6.指出下列各句加点词的词性变化及在句中的意思。 （1）山不在高，有仙则名（2）水不在深，有龙则灵 （3）无丝竹之乱耳（4）无案牍之劳形 （5）不蔓不枝（6）香远益清
2016年上期期末考试题 学科：《阅读和写作》时间：100分钟 参考班级：小教2013级1—4班出题：熊经骥 一、基础知识及语言运用，（每小题3分，共21分） 1、下列加点字的读音有错误的一项是（） A、堤（dī）岸饿殍（piǎo）恪（kè）守 B、褊（piān）狭删（shān）节叶（yè）韵 C、执拗（niù）粗糙（cāo）奇（jī）数 D、掮（qián）客绦（tāo）虫吮（shǔn）吸 2、下列各组词语中没有错别字的一组是（） A、胳膊挖墙脚墨守成规卑躬屈膝 B、骨骼莫须有囤积居奇以逸代劳 C、深奥座右铭鸠占雀巢在所不惜 D、慧眼吓马威星罗棋布面面俱到 3、依次填如下面文字中横线处的关联词语恰当的一组是（） 社会主义制度的巩固，社会主义事业的发展，只能是两个文明同时建设、相互促进的结果。两手都硬起来，能两个文明一起上；单有一手硬，可能有一时的效果，最终两个文明建设都上不去。 A、只有才虽然但 B、只要就即使反而 C、因为所以尽管可 D、既然就也而 4、下列句子中成语使用恰当的一项是（） A、读书不知要领，会事半功倍。 B、节日里的人民公园，游人摩肩接踵，分外拥挤。 C、李老师勤勤恳恳，日理万机，在教坛上默默奉献了30年。 D、小王今天淋了雨，周身湿透，毫发不爽，应赶快吃点防感冒的药。 5、下列句子中没有语病的一项是（） A、有人说是错的，有人说是对的，同意大家的看法。 B、由于他的出色表现，得到了大家的认可。 C、因为病故，小李向单位请了一天假，明天再来上班。 D、我们认真研究了大家的建议，征求了专家的意见。 6、下列有关作家、作品、国籍对应有错的一向是（） A、《西风颂》——拜伦——英 B、《致恰阿达耶夫》——普希金——俄 C、〈〈欢乐颂〉〉——席勒——德 D、〈〈感应〉〉——波德莱尔〉〉——法 7、下列解释有误的一项是（） A、不名一钱名：占有 B、奏对称旨称：符合 C、卒不去，故及于难卒：士兵 D、而西后及贼臣忌益忌：恨 二、填空题（10分） 8、苟利国家生死以，。 9、英雄一入狱，。 10、浊酒不销忧国泪，。 11、在专制暴政的废墟上，。 12、人群中这些面孔幽灵一般显现，。 三、阅读题（39分）
2014年6月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(完整版) Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: You should write atleast 120 words but no more than 180 words. Supposea foreign friend of yours is coming to visit your hometown, what is the mostinteresting place you would like to take him/her to see and why? Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Questions 36 to 45 are based onthe following passage. Global warming is a trend towardwarmer conditions around the world. Part of the warming is natural; we haveexperienced a 20,000 -year -long warming as the last ice age ended and the ice 36 away.However, we have already reached temperatures that are in 37 withother minimum-ice periods, so continued warming is likely not natural. We are 38 toa predicted worldwide increase in temperatures 39 between 1℃and 6℃over the next 100 years. The warming will be more 40 in some areas, less in others, and some placesmay even cool
2017年6月大学英语四级真题及答案(三) Part I Writing (30 minutes) (请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an advertisement on your campus website to sell some of the course books you used at college. Your advertisement may include a brief description of their content,their condition ,their price and your contact information. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) 说明：2017年6月大学英语四级考试全国共考了两套听力.本套的听力内容与第二套相同，因此本套听力部分不再重复给出。 Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices, Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. As if you needed another reason to hate the gym, it now turns out that exercise can exhaust not only your muscles, but also your eyes. Fear not, however, for coffee can stimulate them again. During (26)_______ exercise, our muscles tire as they run out of fuel and build up waste products. Muscle performance can also be affected by a (27)_______ called "central fatigue,” in which an imbalance in the
八年级语文上册课文赏析：短文两篇 答谢中书书 整体把握 《答谢中书书》是陶弘景写给朋友谢中书的一封书信。 文章以感慨发端：山川之美，古来共谈，有高雅情怀的人才可能品味山川之美，将内心的感受与友人交流，是人生一大乐事。作者正是将谢中书当作能够谈山论水的朋友，同时也期望与古往今来的林泉高士相比肩。 接下来的十句，作者便以清峻的笔触具体描绘了秀美的山川景色。“高峰入云，清流见底”，极力描写山之高，水之净，用笔洗练，寥寥八字，就写出了仰观俯察两种视角，白云高山流水三重风物，境界清新。“两岸石壁，五色交辉。青林翠竹，四时俱备”，又改用平远、高远的视角极目远眺，青翠的竹木与五彩的山石相映衬，呈现出一派绚烂辉煌的气象，在清爽宜人的画卷上平添了万物勃发的生命力。“晓雾将歇，猿鸟乱鸣；夕阳欲颓，沉鳞竞跃”，由静景转入对动景的描写。猿鸟的鸣叫声穿越了清晨即将消散的薄雾，传入耳际；夕阳的余晖中，鱼儿在水中竞相嬉戏。这四句通过朝与夕两个特定时间段的生物的活动，又为画面增添了灵动感，传达了生命气息。这十句作者择取有代表性的景物加以组合，使读者对山川景物产生完整、统一的印象。 最后，文章又以感慨收束，“实欲界之仙都”，这里实在是人间的仙境啊!自从谢灵运以来，没有人能够欣赏它的妙处，而作者却能够从中发现无尽的乐趣，带有自豪之感，期与谢公比肩之意溢于言表。 王国维云：“一切景语皆情语。”本文写景，没有仅仅停留在景物本身，而是抓住景物的灵魂，即自然万物的勃勃生机，通过高低、远近、动静的变化，视觉、听觉的立体感受，来传达自己与自然相融合的生命愉悦，体现了作者酷爱自然、归隐林泉的志趣。文字明朗，毫不雕琢。 记承天寺夜游 一、整体把握 《记承天寺夜游》是苏轼的一篇小品文，写于作者被贬黄州期间。文章仅84字，却创造了一个清幽宁静的艺术境界，传达了作者复杂微妙的心境。 “元丰六年十月十二日夜，解衣欲睡，月色入户，欣然起行。”时值冬初，寒意森森，正“解衣欲睡”之时，月色悄然入户，于是作者“欣然起行”。“欣然”写其兴奋喜悦之情。“念无与为乐者”，“念”由“行”转化而来，写出心理活动的变化过程，文情也显得跌宕起伏。
2017年初中毕业生学业考试试卷 地理 第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共50分） 一、单项选择题。(请将所选答案填在下面表格内。本大题共25个小题，每小题2分，共50分。在每个小题所列的四个选项中，只有一个选项符合题目要求，少选多选均不得分。） 1．2016年4月16日00时25分在日本九州岛附近(32.77°N，130.78°E)发生6.9级左右 地震，据此作出了以下判断，其中正确的是（） A．发生地点位于南半球和东半球B．处于亚欧板块和太平洋板块交界地带 C．发生地点位于热带 D．发生地点位于北亚 2．下面关于经纬线和经纬度的叙述，正确的是（） A．赤道是最大的纬线圈B．经线长度不相等 C．经线指示东西方向D．东西半球的分界线是本初子午线 3．下列有关地球自转和公转问题的结论，正确的是（） A．方向不同B．公转和自转周期相同 C．都围绕太阳转D．公转形成四季，自转导致昼夜更替4．在同样大小的两张图纸上，分别绘制一幅凉山州地图和世界地图，两幅地图选用比例尺 的情况应是（） A. 凉山州地图的比例尺大于世界地图 B.两幅地图比例尺相同 C. 凉山州地图的比例尺小于世界地图 D.无法确定 5．读四个大洲轮廓示意图，描述错误的是（） A．①大洲有“热带大陆”之称B．②大洲面积最大 C．③大洲位于南半球D．④大洲有极昼极夜现象
6．小李在观察下图后得出以下结论，其中正确的是（） ①赤道横穿亚洲东南部 ②亚洲位于非洲的西南方向 ③西经60°经线穿越亚洲大陆西部 ④亚洲濒临北冰洋、太平洋、印度洋 A．①②B．②④C．②③D．①④ 7．亚洲是世界第一大洲，主要依据是（） ①跨纬度最广②面积最大③周围被大面积海洋包 围 ④东西距离最长⑤绝大部分位于南半球、东半球 A．①②③B．③④⑤C．①②④D．②③⑤ 8．有关亚洲地形、地势特征的叙述，正确的是（） A．地形以平原为主，山地面积较小 B．地势中部高，四周低 C．有世界上面积最大的平原——西西伯利亚平原 D．有世界上面积最大的高原——青藏高原 9．关于亚洲的叙述，正确的是（） ①跨经度最广的大洲②地跨热带、温带、寒带 ③温带大陆性气候分布广，季风气候只分布在东亚 ④河流发源于中部的高原和山地，呈放射状流向四周海洋 A．①②B．①④C．③④D．②④ 10．亚洲与其他大洲的分界线，不包括（） A．苏伊士运河B．土耳其海峡C．马六甲海峡D．白令海峡11．下列关于我国地理位置的说法，正确的是（） A．位于亚洲东部、太平洋西岸B．位于北半球、西半球 C．大部分位于北温带，小部分位于北寒带D．全部位于中纬度地区 12．下图所示的省区中，春联“苗寨黔山黄果树，酒乡赤水”和“沃野龙江稻谷香，林海雪原”反映的省区分别是（） A．①② B. ②④ C. ③④ D. ①④
大学英语四级考试真题及答案(绝对完整） Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of students selecting their lectures. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？ Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. How Do You See Diversity? As a manager, Tiffany is responsible for interviewing applicants for some of the positions with her company .During one interview, she noticed that the candidate never made direct eye contact. She was puzzled and somewhat disappointed because she liked the individual otherwise. He had a perfect resume and gave good responses to her questions, but the fact that he never looked her in the eye said “untrustworthy,” so she decided to offer the job to her second choice. “It wasn’t until I attended a diversity workshop that I realized the person we passed over was the perfect person,” Tiffany confesses. What she hadn’t known at the time of the interview was that the candidate’s “different” behavior was simply a cultural misunderstanding . He was an Asian-American raised in a household where respect for those in authority was shown by averting(避开) your eyes. “I was just thrown off by the lack of ye contact; not realizing it was cultural,” Tiffany says. “I missed out ,but will not miss that opportunity again.” Many of us have had similar encounters with behaviors we perceive as different. As the world becomes smaller and our workplaces more diverse, it is becoming essential to expand our under-standing of others and to reexamine some of our false assumptions . Hire Advantage At a time when hiring qualified people is becoming more difficult ,employers who can eliminate invalid biases(偏爱) from the process have a distinct advantage .My company, Mindsets LLC ,helps organizations and individuals see their own blind spots . A real estate recruiter we worked with illustrates the positive difference such training can make .