地质专业词汇英语翻译(A-D)
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7813149826.html, 时间：2006-8-28 来源：生命经纬
a horizon a 层位
a lineation a 线理
a twin a 双晶
aa lava 块熔岩
aalenian stage 阿林阶
abandon 废弃
abandoned mine 废弃的矿山
abandoned well 废孔
abatis 通风隔墙
abdomen 腹部
abdominal appendage 腹肢
abdominal cavity 腹腔
abdominal fin 腹
abductor 外展肌
abductor muscle 外展肌
abernathyite 水砷钾铀矿
aberration 象差
abichite 光线矿
abiogenesis 自然发生
abiogeny 自然发生
abiotic factor 非生物因素
ablation 剥蚀
ablation breccia 剥蚀角砾岩
ablation moraine 消融碛
ablation skin 熔蚀皮
ablation till 消融碛
ablykite 阿布石
abnormal 异常的
abnormal interference color 异常干涉色
abnormal metamorphism 异常变质酌
abolition 废除
abrade 剥蚀
abrasion 海蚀
abrasion platform 磨蚀台地
abrasion surface 浪蚀面
abrasion terrace 磨蚀阶地
abrasionn test 磨耗试验
abrasive 磨料;海蚀的
abrazite 多水高岭土
absarokite 正边玄武岩
absite 钍钛铀矿
absolute age 绝对年龄
absolute black body 绝对黑体
absolute chronology 绝对年代学
absolute dating 绝对年代测定
absolute geopotential 绝对重力势
absolute porosity 绝对孔隙率
absolute pressure 绝对压力
absolute structure 绝对构造
absorbed water 吸附水
absorbent 吸收剂
absorber 吸收器
absorbing well 吸水井
absorption 吸收
absorption axis 吸收轴
absorption border 融蚀缘
absorption curve 吸收曲线
absorption edge 吸收端
absorption factor 吸收率
absorption spectrum 吸收光谱
absorptive capacity 吸收率
absorptivity 吸收性
abukumalite 铋磷灰石
abundance 丰度
abundance of elements 元素丰度
abundance of isotopes 同位素丰度abundance ratio of isotopes 同位素相对丰度abysmal deposits 深海沉积物
abyss 深海
abyssal 深海的
abyssal benthic zone 深渊底栖带
abyssal deposits 深海沉积物
abyssal facies 深海相
abyssal hills province 深海丘陵区abyssal injection 深成贯入
abyssal rock 深成岩
abyssal sediments 深海沉积物
acadialite 红菱沸石
acadian stage 阿卡德阶
acalycine 无花萼的
acalycinous 无花萼的
acanthite 螺状硫银矿
acanthoid 刺状的
acaulescent 无茎的
acaulous 无茎的
acaustobiolite 非燃性生物岩
accelerated development 上升发育acceleration 促进酌
accelerometer 加速度计
accessory 副的
accessory ejecta 早成同源抛出物accessory minerals 副矿物
accidental ejecta 异源抛出物
accidental inclusion 外源包体
accidental species 偶见种
accidental xenolith 外源包体
acclivity 上坡
accompanying mineral 伴生矿物accordance of summit levels 山峰高度一致accordant junction 交合汇流
accordion fold 棱角褶皱
accretion 附加体
accretion gley 结核潜育层
accretion theory 吸积理论
accretionary lapilli 团积火山砾accumulate 堆积
accumulated temperature 积温
accumulation 堆积
accumulation horizon 聚积层
accumulation moraine 堆积冰碛accumulation terrace 堆积阶地accumulation theory of volcano 火山堆积说accumulation till 堆积冰碛
accumulative phase 堆积相
accuracy 准确度
acephalous 无头的
acephalous larva 无头幼虫
acerous 针状的
acetate 醋酸盐
acetic acid 醋酸
acf diagram acf 图解
achavalite 硒铁矿
achiardite 坏晶石
achirite 透视石
achlamydeous 无花被的
achlusite 钠滑石
achondrite 无球粒陨石
achroite 无色电气石
achromaite 浅闪石
achromatic body 消色物体
achromatic lens 消色差透镜
achromatism 消色差
achromatize 消色
acicular 针状的
aciculiform 针状的
acid base equilibrium 酸碱平衡
acid earth 酸性白土
acid humus 酸性腐殖质
acid mine drainage 酸性矿水排水
acid plagioclase 酸性斜长石
acid rock 酸性岩
acid soil 酸性土
acid solution 酸性溶液
acid spring 酸性泉
acid treatment of oil payzone 油层酸处理
acid treatment of well 井的酸处理
acidic lava 酸性熔岩
acidification 酸化
acidimetry 酸量滴定法
acidite 酸性岩
acidity 酸度
acidizing of well 井的酸处理
acidophilous plants 适酸植物
acidotrophic lake 酸性营养湖
acidulation 酸化
acline twin 翻底双晶
acmite 锥辉石
acotyledon 无子叶植物
acotyledonous 无子叶的
acoustic basement 声波基底
acoustic foundation 声波基底
acoustic logging 声波测井
acquired character 获得形质
acre foot 英亩英尺
acrobatholithic 露岩基的
acrochordite 球砷锰矿
acrospore 顶生孢子
actinides 锕系元素
actinium 锕
actinolite 阳起石
actinolite asbestos 阳起石石棉
actinolite schist 阳起片岩
actinolitic greenschist facies 阳起绿色片岩相actinometer 日射表
actinometry 光化测定
actinomorphic 辐射对称的
actinomorphous 辐射对称的
actinomyces 放线菌类
actinostele 星状中柱
actinouranium 锕铀
actinula 辐射幼虫
activated adsorption 活化吸附
activated carbon 活性炭
activated clay 活化粘土
activated complex 活化络合物activated water 活化水
activation 活化
activation analysis 活化分析activation cross section 活化截面activation energy 活化能
activation logging 活化测井activation method 活化法
activation of platform 地台活化activator 活化剂
active fault 活断层
active folding 活褶曲酌
active glacier 活动冰川
active humus 活性腐殖质
active hydrogen 活性氢
active plate 移动板块
active remote sensing 织式遥感active tectonic pattern 活动构造型式active volcano 活火山
active water 侵蚀性水
activity 活度
activity coefficient 活度系数activization 活化酌
activization platform block 活化台块actual reserves 实在储藏量
actual volume 实际容积
actualily 真实
actualism 现实论
actuopalaeontology 现实古生物学acute 急尖的
acute bisectrix 锐角等分线acutifoliate 尖叶的
adamant 硬石
adamantine 坚硬的
adamantine lustre 金刚光泽adamantine spar 刚玉
adamellite 石英二长岩
adamine 水砷锌矿
adamite 水砷锌矿
adamsite 暗绿云母
adaptability 适应性
adaptation 适应
adaptive radiation 适应辐射
adcumulate 累积岩
addition 添加
additional phase 加成相
adductor 收肌
adductor muscle scar 收肌筋痕
adelite 砷钙镁石
adelogenic 显衡隐晶质的
adelpholite 铌铁锰矿
adenoid 腺样的
adergneiss 脉状片麻岩
adhering 粘附性的;附着
adhesion 粘附
adhesive disk 吸盘
adhesiveness 胶糟性
adiabat 绝热线
adiabatic cooling 绝热冷却
adiabatic curve 绝热线
adiabatic equilibrium 绝热平衡
adiabatic heating 绝热增温
adiabatic lapse rate 绝热温度梯度
adiabatic process 绝热过程
adiabatic state 绝热状态
adiabatic temperature gradient 绝热温度梯度adiagnostic 隐微晶质的
adigeite 镁蛇纹石
adinole 钠长英板岩
adipocerite 伟晶腊石
adipocire 伟晶腊石
adipose cell 脂细胞
adit 平峒
adjacent rock 围岩
adjacent sea 边缘海
adjoining rock 围岩
adjustment 蝶
admimistration 管理
admission 收气
adobe 灰质粘土
adoral 口侧的
adsorbent 吸附剂
adsorbing material 吸附剂
adsorption 吸附
adsorption indicator 吸附指示剂adsorptive capacity 吸附能力
adular 冰长石
adularia 冰长石
adult 成体
advance 前进
adventitious plants 外来植物
adventive crater 寄生火口
adventive volcano 寄生火山
aecidiospore 锈孢子
aeciospore 锈孢子
aegirine 霓石
aegirine augite 霓辉石
aegirite 霓石
aenigmatite 三斜闪石
aeolian clastics 风成碎屑岩
aeolian deposit 风积
aeolian landform 风成地形
aeolian soil 风积土
aeration 充气
aeration tissue 通气组织
aeration zone 饱气带
aerenchyma 通气组织
aerial method of geology 航空地质甸方法aerial photography 航空摄影学
aerial ropeway 架空死
aerial survey 航空测量
aerial triangulation 航空三角测量
aerify 使呈气态
aerobe 需气生物
aerocartograph 航空测图仪
aerogenous rock 风成岩
aerogeography 航空地理学
aerogeology 航空地质学
aerolite 石陨石
aerolith 石陨石
aeromagnetic survey 航空磁测aerophotogeological map 航空摄影地质图aerophotogrammetry 航空摄影测量学aerophotography 航空摄影学
aerophotography of geology 地质专业航空摄影aeroplankton 大气浮游生物
aeroradioactive survey 航空放射性测量aerosiderite 铁陨石
aerosiderolite 铁石陨石
aerosite 深红银矿
aerugite 块砷镍矿
aeschynite 易解石
affiliation 亲缘关系
affine deformation 均匀变形
affinity 亲和力
afflux 汇入
after deep 后渊
aftereffect 后效
aftershock 余震
afwillite 桂硅钙石
agalite 纤滑石
agalmatolite 寿山石
agamogony 无配子生殖
agate 玛瑙
age 龄期
age determination 时代鉴定
age of cycads 苏铁植物时代
age spectra 年龄谱
ageing of colloids 胶体熟化
agent of erosion 侵蚀力
agents of metamorphism 变质营力
ageostrophic wind 非地转风agglomerate 集块岩
agglomerate lava 集块熔岩agglomeratic 集块岩状的agglomeration 烧结
agglutinate 粘合集块岩
agglutination 胶着
agglutinin 凝集素
aggradation 加积
aggradation terrace 堆积阶地aggradational plain 堆积平原aggregate 集合体
aggregation 聚集
aggressive water 侵进水
agitation 搅拌
agmatite 角砾混合岩
agnatha 无颌类
agnolite 红硅钙锰矿
agnotozoic era 元古代
agpaite 钠质火成岩
agreement 协议
agricolite 闪铋矿
agricultural geology 农业地质学agricultural geomorphology 农业地貌学agroforestrial geology 农林地质学agrogeology 农业地质学
agrohydrologg 农业水文学
aguilarite 辉硒银矿
aidyrlite 杂硅铝镍矿
aikinite 针硫铋铅矿
air borne radioactivity 大气放射性
air chamber 气室
air compressor 空气压缩机
air damping 空气制动
air drilling 空气钻进
air drying 风干
air elutriation 空气淘析
air flush drilling 空气冲洗钻井
air gun 空气枪
air hammer 气锤
air lift 气动提升机
air permeability 透气性
air pressure 空气压力
air release valve 放气阀
air sac 气囊
air separating tank 空气分离罐
air separator 气力分离器
air shrinkage 空气收缩
air vent 排气孔
air volcano 气火山
airborne electromagnetic method 航空电磁法airborne electromagnetics 航空电磁法airborne magnetic prospecting 航空磁法勘探airborne magnetometer 航空地磁仪
airborne remote sensing 航空遥感
airborne survey 航空甸
airial camera 航空摄影机
airview 空瞰图
airy phase 艾氏相
airy's spiral 艾氏螺旋
akaustobiolite 非燃性生物岩
akaustobiolith 非燃性生物岩
akerite 英辉正长岩
akermanite 镁黄长石
akf diagram akf图解
akinete 厚壁孢子
akrochordite 球砷锰矿
aksaite 阿氏硼镁石
ala twin 轴双晶
alabandine 硫锰矿
alabandite 硫锰矿
alabaster 雪花石膏
alabastrite 雪花石膏
alamosite 铅灰石
alar 翼状的
alary 翼状的
alaskaite 铅泡铋矿
alaskite 白岗岩
alate 有翼的
albedo 反照率
albers' equal area projection 亚尔勃斯等积投影albertite 黑沥青
albian 阿尔布阶
albian stage 阿尔布阶
albite 钠长石
albite twin 钠长石双晶
albitite 钠长石玢岩
albitization 钠长石化
albitophyre 钠长斑岩
alboranite 紫苏变玄岩
aleurolite 粉砂岩
aleuropelitic 粉砂泥的
aleutite 易辉安山岩
alexandrite 翠绿宝石
algae 藻类
algae control 藻类控制
algal ball 海藻饼
algal biscuit 海藻饼
algal coal 藻煤
algal fungi 藻菌类
algal limestone 藻灰岩
algal reef 藻礁
algal structure 藻结构
alginite 藻类体
algodonite 微晶砷铜矿
algology 藻类学
algonkian 阿尔冈纪
algonkian system 阿尔冈系
algovite 辉斜岩
aliphatic compound 脂族化合物
alizarin 二羟蒽醌
alkali 碱
alkali alumina metasomatism 碱氧化铝交代alkali basaet 碱性玄武岩
alkali earth metal 碱土金属
alkali feldspar 碱性长石
alkali flat 碱覆盖坪
alkali gabbro 碱性辉长岩
alkali granti 碱性花岗岩
alkali lime index 碱灰质指数
alkali metal 碱金属
alkali olivine basalt 碱性橄榄玄武岩alkali pyroxene 碱性辉石
alkali rock series 碱性岩系
alkali salt 碱盐
alkali soil 碱土
alkali syenit 碱性正长岩
alkalic rock 硷性岩
alkalic ultrabasic rock 碱超基性岩alkalify 碱化
alkalimetry 碱量滴定法
alkaline amphibolization 碱性角闪石化alkaline earth 碱土族
alkaline earth metal 碱土金属
alkaline metasomatism 碱性交代酌alkaline pyroxenization 碱性辉石化alkaline rock 硷性岩
alkaline rocks 碱性岩类
alkaline soil 碱性土
alkaline solution 碱性溶液
alkaline spring 碱泉
alkalinity 碱度
alkalipicrite 碱性苦橄岩
alkalitrophic lake 碱液营养湖alkalization 碱化酌
alkalize 碱化
alkaloid 生物碱
alkanes 链烷烃
allactite 砷水锰矿
allagite 绿蔷薇辉石
allalinite 浊变辉长岩
allanite 褐帘石
alleghanyite 粒硅锰矿
allemontite 砷锑矿
allite 铝铁土
allivalite 橄榄钙长岩
allobar 变压区
allocation 分配
allochemical metamorphism 异化变质
allochetite 霞辉二长斑岩
allochroite 粒榴石
allochromatic colour 假色
allochromatism 假色
allochthone 移置岩体
allochthonous 外来的
allochthonous coal 异地生成煤
allochthonous deposit 移积
allochthonous fold 移置性褶曲
allochthonous limestone 移置灰岩
alloclastic breccia 火山碎屑角砾岩
allogenic 他生的
allogenic element 他生元素
allogenic mineral 他生矿物
allogenic succession 他生演替
allomerism 异质同晶现象
allometamorphism 他变酌
allometry 异速生长
allomigmatite 他混合岩
allomorph 同质异形的
allomorphism 同质异晶
allomorphous 同质异形的
allopalladium 硒钯矿
allopatric polymorphism 同质多形
allophane 水铝英石
allophase metamorphism 他相变质
alloskarn 外成夕卡岩
allothigenic 他生的
allothigenous 他生的
allotriomorphic 他形的
allotriomorphic granular texture 他形晶粒状结构
allotriomorphic structure 他形构造allotriomorphic texture 他形结构allotrope 同素异形体
allotropic modification 同素异形体allotropic transformation 同素异晶变化allotropism 同素异形
allotropy 同素异形
allotype 异模式标本
alloy 合金
alluvial 冲积的
alluvial apron 山麓冲积扇
alluvial channel 冲积河道
alluvial cone 冲积锥
alluvial deposit 冲积层
alluvial fan 冲积扇
alluvial fan deposit 冲积扇层
alluvial ore deposit 冲积矿床
alluvial placer 冲积砂矿床
alluvial plain 冲积平原
alluvial sand ripples 河成砂纹
alluvial sand wave 河成沙波
alluvial soil 冲积土
alluvial terrace 冲积阶地
alluvial veneer 冲积表层
alluviation 冲积
alluvion 冲积层
alluvium 冲积层
almandine 铁铝榴石
almandite 铁铝榴石
alnico 铝镍钴合金
alnoite 黄长煌斑岩
alp 高山
alpha quartz 石英
alpha ray spectrometer 能谱仪
alphitite 岩粉土
alpides 阿尔卑斯造山带
alpine animals 高山动物
alpine belt 高山带
alpine orogeny 阿尔卑斯造山运动
alpine type peridotite 阿尔卑斯式橄榄岩alpine type vein 阿尔卑斯型矿脉alpinotype orogeny 阿尔卑斯型造山酌alpinotype tectonics 阿尔卑斯型构造alsbachite 榴云细斑岩
alstonite 碳碱钙钡矿
altaite 碲铅矿
altar 腋生的
altazimuth 经纬仪
alteration 蚀变
alteration halo 蚀变晕
alteration zone 蚀变晕
altered aureole 蚀变晕
altered mineral 蚀变矿物
alternant 交替的
alternate phyllotaxis 互生叶序alternately pinnate 互生羽状的alternating 交替
alternating layers 互层
alternation 互层
alternation of beds 互层
alternation of generations 世代交替alternative 可选择的
altimeter 高度计
altitude 高度
altitudinal zonality 垂直分布带
alum 茂
alum shale 茂页岩
alum slate 茂板岩
alumian 无水矾石
alumina 矾土
aluminate 铝酸盐
aluminite 矾石
aluminum 铝
alumochromite 铝铬铁矿
alunite 茂石
alunitization 茂石化
alunogen 毛矾石
alurgite 锰云母
alveolar 蜂窝状
alvite 铪锆石
amagmatic 非岩浆活动的
amalgam 汞齐
amalgamation 混汞酌
amarantite 红铁矾
amazonite 天河石
amazonitization 天河石化ambatoarinite 碳酸锶铈矿
amber 钙铝榴石
amberite 灰黄琥珀
ambient 外界的
ambiguity 多义性
amblygonite 磷铝石
ambrite 灰黄琥珀
ambulacral foot 管足
ambulacral system 步带系ambularcral zone 步带
ameba 变形虫
amendment 修正;校正
americium 镅
amesite 镁绿泥石
ametaboly 无变态
amethyst 紫水晶
amherstite 反条正长闪长岩amianthus 石棉
amino acid metabolism 氨基酸代谢aminobenzoic acid 氨基苯酸ammonioborite 水铵硼石ammonites 菊石类
amorphous 非晶质的
amorphous graphite 无定型石墨amorphous silica 无定形硅氧amosite 铁石棉
amount 总计
amount of evaporation 蒸发量
amount of precipitation 降水量
amount of throw 纵距
ampangabeit 铌链铁铀矿
ampelite 黄铁炭质页岩
amphibia 两栖类
amphibious plants 两栖植物
amphibole 闪石
amphibolite 闪岩
amphibolite facies 角闪岩相amphibolization 闪石化酌
amphigene 白榴石
amphigenite 白榴熔岩
amphiprotic 两性的
ampholyte 两性电解质
amphoteric 两性的
amphoteric electrolyte 两性电解质amphoteric element 两性元素amphoteric ion 两性离子
amphoteric oxide 两性氧化物amphoterite 无粒古橄陨石
amplexicaul 抱茎的
amplifier for photocurrents 光电僚大器amplitude 振幅
amplitude correction 振幅校正amplitude spectrum 振幅谱
amygdale 杏仁孔
amygdaloid 杏仁岩
amygdaloidal 杏仁状的
amygdaloidal structure 杏仁状构造amygdule 杏仁孔
anabatic wind 谷风
anabolism 合成代谢
anaboly 后加演化
anaclinal 逆向的
anadiagenesis 前进成岩酌
anaerobe 厌气微生物
anaerobic bacteria 嫌气细菌anaerobiosis 嫌气生活
anagenesis 前进演化
anal fin 臀
anal gland 肛腺
analbite 单斜钠长石
analcime 方沸石
analcimite 方沸岩
analcimolith 方沸岩
analcite 方沸石
analog 相似体
analogous organ 同功瀑
analogue 相似体
analogy 类似
analysis by sedimentation 沉积分析analytic standard 分析标准analytical balance 分析天平anamesite 中粒玄武岩anamigmatism 深溶混合岩化anamorphic zone 合成变质带anamorphism 合成变质
anapaite 三斜磷钙铁矿
anaseism 背震中
anastomose 网结
anastrophen 倒装法
anatase 锐钛矿
anatectic magma 深熔岩浆
anatectite 深熔混合岩
anatexis 深熔酌
anauxite 富硅高岭石
anchieutectic 近底共融的anchimetamorphism 近变质酌anchimonomineralic 近单矿物的anchor ice 底冰
ancient channel 古河道
ancient elephant 古大象
ancient landform 古地形
ancylite 菱锶铬矿
andalusite 红柱石
andersonite 水碳钠钙铀矿
andesine 中长石
andesite 安山岩
andesite line 安山岩线
andorite 锑铅银矿
andradite 钙铁榴石
anemoclastics 风成碎屑岩
anemophilous plant 风媒植物
anemophily 风媒
anemousite 三斜霞石
angara flora 安加拉植物群
angara shield 安加拉古陆
angaraland 安加拉古陆
angarides 安加拉古陆
angiospermous 被子的
angiosperms 被子植物
angle of contact 接触角
angle of draw 陷落角
angle of incidence 入射角
angle of inclination 倾斜角
angle of internal friction 内摩擦角
angle of reflection 反射角
angle of refraction 折射角
angle of repose 休止角
angle of strike 走向角度
angle of subsidence 陷落角
anglesite 硫酸铅矿
angrite 钛辉无球粒陨石
angular 有角的
angular discordance 斜交不整合
angular unconformity 钭文不整合
angularity 有角
angustifoliate 狭叶的
anhedral 他形的
anhydration 脱水
anhydride 无水物
anhydrite 硬石膏
anhydrite formation 硬石膏层
anhysteretic remanent magnetiazation 非滞后剩余磁化
地理专业词汇英语翻译(A-B) a horizon 腐殖堆积层 aa lava 块熔岩 abandoned field 撩荒地abandoned lands 撩荒地abandoned mine 废弃矿山abandoned shoreline 旧岸线aberration 像差 abiogenesis 自然发生 abiotic factor 非生物因素 ablation 水蚀 ablation moraine 消融冰碛abnormality 反常 aboriginal 土着的 abrasion 海蚀 abrasion platform 浪蚀台地abrasion shore 浪蚀海岸abrasion surface 浪蚀面abrasion terrace 海蚀阶地abrasive 研磨剂 abrupt slope 陡坡 abrupt textural change 质地突变abscissa 横坐标 absolute age 绝对年龄 absolute age determination 绝对年代测定 absolute age of groundwater 地下水绝对年龄 absolute altitude 绝对高度absolute amplitude 绝对振幅absolute chronology 绝对年代absolute convergence 绝对收敛absolute dating 绝对年代测定absolute error 绝对误差 absolute extremes 绝对极值absolute geochronology 绝对地质年代学 absolute geopotential 绝对重力势absolute gravity 绝对重力absolute humidity 绝对湿度absolute instability 绝对不稳定性absolute maximum 绝对极大absolute measure 绝对尺度absolute minimum 绝对极小absolute orientation 绝对定向absolute parallax 绝对视差 absolute precision 绝对精度 absolute representation 绝对值表 示法 absolute temperature 绝对温度 absolute value 绝对值 absolute zero 绝对零度 absorbed radiant flux 吸收辐射 absorbed radiation 吸收辐射 absorbent 吸收剂 absorbing capacity 吸收能力 absorbing complex 吸收性复合体 absorptance 吸收系数 absorption 吸收 absorption band 吸收带 absorption coefficient 吸收系数 absorption curve 吸收曲线 absorption factor 吸收因素 absorption filter 吸收滤光片 absorption of energy 能量吸收 absorption of light 光吸收 absorption spectrum 吸收光谱 absorption surface 吸收面 absorptive capacity 吸收本领 absorptivity 吸收能力 absorptivity emissivity ratio 吸收发 射比 abstract symbol 抽象符号 abundance of isotopes 同位素的 丰度 abundance of the elements 元素丰 度 abundance ratio of isotopes 同位 素的相对丰度 abundant rainfall 过量降雨 abyss 深渊 abyssal 深海的 abyssal basins 深海盆地 abyssal benthos 深海底栖生物 abyssal deposits 深海沉积物 abyssal facies 深海相 abyssal hill 深海丘陵 abyssal plain 深海平原 abyssal region 深海区 abyssal sediment 深海沉积物 abyssal zone 深海带 acariasis 螨病 acarinosis 螨病 acaustobiolite 非可燃性生物岩 accelerated erosion 加速侵蚀 accelerated weathering 加速风化 acceleration 加速度 acceptance 接收 acceptor 收体 acceptor atom 受体原子 acceptor bond 接体合 accessory element 伴随元素 accessory mineral 副次要 accessory species 次要种 accidental ejecta 外源喷出物 accidental error 偶然误差 accidental species 偶见种 acclimatization 气候驯化 acclivity 上行坡 accompaniment element 伴生元素 accordance of summit levels 峰顶 面等高性 accordant junction 协和汇流平齐 汇流交合汇流 accordant junction of streams 协合 流 accretion gley 淤积潜育层 accumulated temperature 积温 accumulation 堆积 accumulation curve 累积曲线 accumulation horizon 聚积层 accumulation mountains 堆积山地 accumulation of assimilation products 同化物累积 accumulation of humus 腐殖质蓄 积 accumulation of organic matter 有 机质堆积 accumulative coast 堆积海岸 accumulative relief 堆积地形 accuracy 准确度 accuracy of measurement 测定准 确度
英译汉几个常见问题如下： 1）英译汉时语言组织不符合中文的讲话习惯。在不改变原文绝大部分意思的情况下，不需要字对字或者严格遵守英语语序，在获得原句含意后务必采用中文的思维将译文写出。要求是在读着看过译文后，不能让读着感觉到文章是翻译而得的，即不能留有丝毫翻译的痕迹。 2）英译汉时译文上下文的用词不一致。尤其是学术文献或论文的翻译，除了学术用语和专业用语需要准确，更重要的是全文上下文中同一个词或者短句翻译出的用词或短语必须一致。例如一开始将control panel翻译为“控制面板”，那么全文都不得改变这个译法。 3）英译汉时用词过于口语化。除了剧本，台词，字幕等需要口语化用词的翻译稿件以外。其余大部分翻译，例如文献，论文，合同，申请书，标书等，用词尽量书面化。例如“weight”在统计学和分析学中不可翻译为“给予数值”，必须翻译为“赋权”，两者意思相近，但是采用后者。 4）英译汉时词汇含意理解产生偏差。这是死记单词造成的后果。翻译中，在无上下文的情况下，除非是专有学术名词（例“diabetes”基本上永远都是糖尿病的意思），其余的单词很难说究竟是什么意思，我们只能说某个词大概是对照中文某个词的感觉，但是决不可死认一个意思，死认单词意思造成翻译不通、翻译错误等。当然也不能糊译，不能为了使句子翻译通顺而胡编一个意思。 5）英译汉时英语长句中的意群划分有误。原版的英语资料中长句较多，往往40-50个词之间没有一个标点，修饰成分和意群划分的错误会导致理解错误和翻译错误。原则上，英语中的各类从句，特别是状语从句在句子中的位置相对灵活，没搞明白其修饰对象就会错译。 汉译英几个常见问题如下： 1）汉译英时字对字翻译。这是翻译中最致命的错误，很多人以为认识对应的英语单词或者知道对应的英语单词，这句话才会翻译。其实不是，原则上四千词汇量就能解释大部分英语单词的含义，只不过大部分人不知道如何用简单词汇造句去描述或解释高难度单词。 2）汉译英时中式语序。何谓中式语序，即以“主+谓+宾”为主的句型。这种句子写多了，一旦遇上长句或者语法功能上缺少成分的句子就懵了。所以必须多读，多了解原版英语的句子是如何写的。 3）汉译英时短句太多。这里并不是指写英语短句不好，在考试中建议写短句，这是为了避免语法错误，当然也不要太短了。在较为正式的或专业性强的文本中，汉译英在必要时需要翻译成长句。例如不久前的某论文中的一句：筛选出对靶基因干扰效率最高的 HER2-shRNA慢病毒表达载体并成功包装成病毒去感染SKOV-3细胞而后在体外进行实验的结果显示Her2/neu的siRNA慢病毒载体可以显著抑制靶基因的表达并使卵巢癌SKOV3细胞的生物学行为明显受抑。因此，熟练掌握各类从句的写法和作用很重要。 4）汉译英时英语词汇词义辨析不清而导致误用，用词不准。大部分人的翻译习惯是，凡是中文有英文的对应单词，就二话不说直接用，其实这个是不对的。很多同义词意思相近，用法和所用的语境场合完全不同。例如“base”“basis”“foundation”，意思几乎相同，但是用法完全不同。尤其是学术文章，误用就导致歧义。 5）汉译英时逻辑混乱结构不清。汉译英中的逻辑和语句结构相当重要。逻辑混乱，即译文毫无章法，思绪混沌，不知所云。结构不清，即英语的从句或其他成分在句中的位置胡乱摆放，进行翻译的人员自然是清楚的指导这些英语句子的含义，因为是看着中文翻译过来的，想不知道中文含义都难，但是没看过中文的读着就会因此而看得云里雾里，从而导致读者难以理解译文。
广告英语翻译常用词汇 产品远销英国、美国、日本、意大利和东南亚，深受消费者欢迎和好评Our products are sold in Britain, America, Japan, Italy and South East Asia and well appreciated by their purchasers. 畅销全球 selling well all over the world 典雅大方 elegant and graceful 定型耐久 durable modeling 方便顾客 making things convenient for customers 方便群众 making things convenient for the people; to suit the peo ple's convenience 方便商品 convenience goods 方便生活 bringing more convenience to the people in their daily life; prov iding amenities for the people; making life easier for the popula tion 各式俱全 wide selection; large assortment
顾客第一 Customers first 顾客是我们的皇帝 We take customers as our Gods. 规格齐全 a complete range of specifications; complete in specific ations 花样繁多 a wide selection of colours and designs 货色齐全 goods of every description are available. 客商第一，信誉第一 clients first, reputation first 款式多样 a great variety of models 款式活泼端庄 vivid and great in style 款式齐全 various styles 款式新颖 attractive designs; fashionable(in) style; novel (in) de sign; up-to-date styling 款式新颖众多 diversified latest designs 美观大方 elegant appearance 美观耐用 attractive and durable 品质优良，疗效显著，誉满全球，欢迎选购 excellent quality, evident effect, good reputation over the world, orders are welcome. 品种多样 numerous in variety 品种繁多 great varieties 品种齐全 complete range of articles; a great variety of goods
Failure Properties of Fractured Rock Masses as Anisotropic Homogenized Media Introduction It is com monly ack no wledged that rock masses always display disc on ti nu ous surfaces of various sizes and orie ntatio ns, usually referred to as fractures or joi nts. Si nee the latter have much poorer mecha ni cal characteristics tha n the rock material, they play a decisive role in the overall behavior of rock structures,whose deformati on as well as failure patter ns are mai nly gover ned by those of the join ts. It follows that, from a geomecha ni cal engin eeri ng sta ndpo int, desig n methods of structures inv olvi ng joi nted rock masses, must absolutely acco unt for such ‘‘ weakness' ' surfaeesahalysis. The most straightforward way of deali ng with this situati on is to treat the joi nted rock mass as an assemblageof pieces of in tact rock material in mutual in teracti on through the separat ing joint in terfaces. Many desig n-orie nted methods relat ing to this kind of approach have been developed in the past decades, among them,the wedlnown ‘‘ block theory, ' ' which attempts to ide ntify pote n- tially unstable lumps of rock from geometrical and kinematical considerations (Goodman and Shi 1985; Warburton 1987; Goodman 1995). One should also quote the widely used distinet element method, originating from the works of Cundall and coauthors (Cundall and Strack 1979; Cundall 1988), which makes use of an explicit ?nite-difference numerical scheme for computing the displacements of the blocks considered as rigid or deformable bodies. In this con text, atte nti on is primarily focused on the formulatio n of realistic models for describ ing the joint behavior. Since the previously men ti oned direct approach is beco ming highly complex, and the n numerically untractable, as soon as a very large number of blocks is involved, it seems advisable to look for alter native methods such as those derived from the con cept of homogenization. Actually, such a concept is already partially conveyed in an empirical fashion by the famous Hoek and Brown ' s criterion (Hoek and Brown 1980; Hoek 1983). It stems from the in tuitive idea that from a macroscopic point of view, a rock mass in tersected by a regular network of joint surfaces, may be perceived as a homogeneous continuum. Furthermore, owing to the existence of joint preferential orientations, one should expect such a homoge ni zed material to exhibit ani sotropic properties. The objective of the present paper is to derive a rigorous formulation for the failure criteri on of a joi nted rock mass as a homoge ni zed medium, from the kno wledge of the joi nts and rock material respective criteria. In the particular situation where twomutually orthogonal joint sets are con sidered, a closed-form expressi on is obta in ed, giving clear evide nce of the related stre ngth ani sotropy. A comparis on is performed on an illustrative example betwee n the results produced by the homogenization method,making use of the previously determined criterion, and those obtained by means of a computer code based on the distinct element method. It is show n that, while both methods lead to almost ide ntical results for a den sely fractured rock mass, a ‘‘ size ' ' or ‘‘ scale effect ' ' is observed in the case of a joints. The second part of the paper is then devoted to proposing a method which attempts to capture such a scale effect, while still tak ing adva ntage of a homoge ni zati on tech niq ue. This is achieved by resorting to a micropolar or Cosserat continuum description of the fractured rock mass,
Professional English for Industrial Engineering Chapter1 Unit3翻译 姓名： 专业：工业工程 班级： 学号： 完成日期：2015-10-31
Chapter 1 Unit 3 Academic Disciplines of Industrial Engineering 五大主要工程学科和它们的发展 在美国，有五个主要工程学科（土木、化学、电工、工业、机械），它们是早在第一次世界大战时就出现的工程分支学科。这些进步是世界范围内发生的工业革命的一部分，并且在技术革命的开始阶段仍在发生。 随着第二次世界大战的发展导致了其他工程学科的发展，比如核工程，电子工程，航空工程，甚至是电脑工程。太空时代导致了航空工程的发展。最近对环境的关注使得环境工程和生态工程也得到了发展。这些更新的工程学科经常被认为是专长学科包含“五大”学科，即土木，化学，电工，工业，和机械工程里的一种或多种。 和美国的情况不同，工业工程在中国属于第一层级管理科学和工程学科下面的第二级别的学科。 IE学科的开端 学科后来演变成工业工程学科是最初在机械工程系被作为特殊课程教的。首个工业工程的分部在1908年的宾夕法尼亚州大学和雪城大学被建立。（在宾夕法尼亚州的项目是短期存在的，但是它在1925年又重建了）一个在普渡大学的机械工程的IE选科在1911年被建立。一个更完整的工业工程学院项目的历史可能在资料中被找到。 在机械工程部有一个IE选科的实践是主要的模式直到第二次世界大战的结束，并且分离出来的IE部在整个上个世纪里的文理学院和综合大学里被建立。 早在第二次世界大战的时候，在工业工程方面，只有很少的毕业生水平的研究。一旦分开的学部建立之后，学士和博士级别的项目开始出现。 现代IE的教育—分支学科 今天，与过去相比，工业工程对于不同的人来说意味着不同的东西。实际上，一个发展一个突出的现代工业工程的方法是通过获得在它的分支学科和它怎么联系到其他领域的理解。如果在分支学科和工业工程相关联的领域之间有清楚的
1.素质教育：Quality Education 2. EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient 3. 保险业：the insurance industry 4. 保证重点指出：ensure funding for priority areas 5. 补发拖欠的养老金：clear up pension payments in arrears 6. 不良贷款：non-performing loan 7. 层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 8. 城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas 9. 城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for city residents 10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度：the system of medical insurance for urban workers 11. 出口信贷：export credit 12. 贷款质量：loan quality 13. 贷款质量五级分类办法：the five-category assets classification for bank loans 14. 防范和化解金融风险：take precautions against and reduce financial risks 15. 防洪工程：flood-prevention project 16. 非法外汇交易：illegal foreign exchange transaction 17. 非贸易收汇：foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels 18. 非银行金融机构：non-bank financial institutions 19. 费改税：transform administrative fees into taxes 20. 跟踪审计：foolow-up auditing 21. 工程监理制度：the monitoring system for projects 22. 国有资产安全：the safety of state-owned assets 23. 过度开垦：excess reclamation 24. 合同管理制度：the contract system for governing projects 25. 积极的财政政策：pro-active fiscal policy 26. 基本生活费：basic allowance 27. 解除劳动关系：sever labor relation 28. 金融监管责任制：the responsibility system for financial supervision 29. 经济安全：economic security 30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to increase the deficit to spend more on development 31. 扩大国内需求：the expansion of domestic demand 32. 拉动经济增长：fuel economic growth 33. 粮食仓库：grain depot 34. 粮食收购企业：grain collection and storage enterprise 35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed operation of grain purchase funds 36. 粮食销售市场：grain sales market 37. 劣质工程：shoddy engineering
Catastrophic versus uniform views of change and the age of the earth // 地球的灾变论和均变论之争以及地球的年龄 1.Ancient people quite understandably were impressed only by rapid and violent geologic processes. This led to a catastrophic view of the earth (commonly called catastrophism), which dominated European thought until 1850, Changes were thought to occur suddenly, rapidly, and devastatingly by a series of catastrophes. The most famous example of such a supposed catastrophe was, of course, the great Deluge of the old Testament, Others included volcanic eruptions at Pompeii and Thera as well as the Lisbon earthquake. // 古人往往对于快速的和猛烈的地质演化现象印象深刻，这导致了地球灾变性观点（通常称之为灾变论）在欧洲地质学界一直占主导地位，直到十九世纪五十年代，地质学家普遍认为地球演化是在一些列突发性、快速并具有灾难性的地质事件之后产生。支持灾变论最著名的例子如旧约全书所记载的大洪水时代，其他的地质事件如意大利庞贝古城火山的爆发，锡拉岛火山爆发，里斯本大地震等也是其有效的证据。 2.A parallel idea consistent with catastrophism was a universally accepted belief that the earth was but a few thousand years old, This conception is revealed in Shakespeare’s As You Like It, written around 1600, where reference is made to the age of the earth being about 6000years, In 1654 one of several more definite pronouncement came from Anglican Archbishop Ussher, who announced that, based upon his analysis of genealogies in the Scriptures and of astronomical cycles, the word had been created in the year4004B.C. on the 23d of October! Some years later, anotherauthority fixed an equally precise date for the great Deluge, November 18,2349 B.C. At that time, Practically all leading European intellectuals believed implicitly in a literal interpretation of the Bible, and so it is not surprising to find that a 6000-year age for the erath was gospel for fully 200 years. //与灾变论相一致的观点，且被广泛接受相信的是地球的年龄只有几千年。这个观点是在英国大文豪莎士比亚著作于大约公元1600年的《皆大欢喜》中所揭示，文中涉及到地球的年两大约在6000年左右。其后，相继有更明确的论点对这一观点进行佐证，其中之一，1654年，英国国教有曷休大教主声称，根据其对《圣经》中宗谱和天文周期的分析，地球是在公元前4004年10月23日创立，数年之后，另外一个更加权威、固定并同样精确的日期被计算出：大洪水时代是在公元前2349年11月18日。在那个年代，实际上几乎欧洲所有的主要知识分子都默默的赞成《圣经》上面的解释，因此地球年龄为6000年这一观点被传播了200年就不足为奇了。 3.In the seventeenth century, the Scriptural account of Creation was a point of departure for European science. Humans were considered early comers who lived for a time in paradise. As punishment for their sins, the Deluge was sent to throw the earth’s surface into chaos. Countless creatures suddenly were buried in sediments ,violent waves and currents scoured out valleys and piled up rocks to form mountains, and the earth was wracked by earthquakes and volcanic eruption. After the Flood, the mountains began to be worn down and valleys to be filled. //在17世纪，《圣经》的创作是出于对欧洲科学的记载：人类被认为是地球早期的到来者，他们之前居住在伊甸园，为了惩罚人类的罪恶，大洪水爆发，将地表陷入混乱之中，无数的生物被瞬间埋藏在土中，汹涌的洪水将地表冲刷成山谷，将石头堆积成山脉，同时，地球也遭受着地震和火山喷发的破坏。大洪水时代过后，山脉开始被磨蚀，山谷被填平。 4.When geology emerged as a vigorous intellectual pursuit around 1800, an alternative concept of earth change began to develop. It was now argued that the same common processes observed operating today were largely responsible for all past changes imprinted in the rock
翻译常用词汇 高枕无忧resting without worries 史无前例unprecedented in the history 不可一世a conquering hero 毫不示弱equally firmly 量体裁衣to act according to actual circumstances 一刀两断to cut it clean 与虎谋皮to ask a tiger for its skin 六亲不认to disown all one’s relatives and fri ends 英雄本色the true quality of a hero 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike. 每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever we think of our dear ones faraway. 上有好，下必有其焉。What the superior loves, his inferiors will be found to love exceedingly.大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。The Great River flows to the east: Its waves have washed away all the men of untrammeled spirit of a thousand ages. 上兵伐谋，其次伐交。What is supremely important in war is to attack the enemy’s strategy. Next best is to disrupt his alliances. 问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流。I wonder how many sorrows you have. They are exactly like the Yangtze River unceasingly flowing eastward in spring. 千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面。Only after a thousand entreaties does she appear. Her face half hidden behind the guitar (pipa) in her arms. 吃得苦中苦，方为人上人。Only if you can stand the hardest of hardships can you hope to rise in society. 是非经过不知难You never know how hard a task is almost until you have done it yourself. 满招损Pride goes before a fall. / Pride spells failure. 适可而止Bind the sack before it be full. 好汉做事好汉当A true man has the courage to accept the consequences of his own actions.知己知彼，百战不殆。To know one’s and the enemy’s situation ensures victory. 牵扯之覆，后车之鉴。The overturned car ahead is a warning to the ones behind. 山雨欲来风满楼The wind sweeping through the tower heralds a rising storm in the mountains. 是故学然后知不足，教然后之困。Therefore, to learn makes us realize our deficiency, and to teach makes us know the difficulties. 人尽其才、地尽其利、物尽其利、货畅其流。Our human, land and material resources should be used to the best advantage, and our goods should be in good circulation. 父母有抚养教育未成年子女的义务，成年子女有赡养扶助父母的义务。Parents have the duty to rear and education their children who are minors, and children who have come of age have the duty to support and assist their parents. 中华人民共和国公民有劳动的权利和义务。Citizens of the P eople’s Republic of China have the right as well as the duty of work. 各民族公民都有用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利。Citizens of all nationalities have the right to use the spoken and written languages of their own nationalities in court proceedings.
中英文对照外文翻译文献 (文档含英文原文和中文翻译) Theory of the treatment Abstract: the landslide is a kind of global natural disasters, huge harmfulness, often to people's life and property security caused great hidden trouble.Meizhou of guangdong province in China is located in the southern margin of the five ridges mountains, rocks are mainly quartz sandstone in the devonian strata in the area, Permian limestone has a wide distribution and the Jurassic and cretaceous red sandstone, geological environment fragile, landslide is prevalent.In this paper, through examples on landslide hazards and control measures were briefly reviewed in this paper, the and the development prospect of prevention and control and control technology is prospected.
2019英语四级翻译常用词汇：教育词汇 成人夜校 night school for adults 在职进修班 on-job training courses 政治思想教育 political and ideological education 毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate 充电update one’s knowledge 初等教育 elementary education 大学城 college town 大学社区 college community 高等教育 higher education 高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher education 高等学府 institution of higher education 综合性大学 comprehensive university 文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts 理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering 师范学院teachers’ college; normal college 高分低能 high scores and low abilities 高考(university/college) entrance examination 高校扩招 the college expansion plan
教育界 education circle 教育投入 input in education 九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education 考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools 课外活动 extracurricular activities 必修课 required/compulsory course 选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic courses 专业课 specialized courses 课程表 school schedule 教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus 学习年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学分 credit 启发式教学 heuristic teaching 人才交流 talent exchange 人才战 competition for talented people 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC) 适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age 升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate