Unit1
21. I’m sure Tom will like this old coin. He likes ______ this kind of thing.
A. gathering
B. picking
C. collecting
D. crowding
22. The day we were looking forward to ________ at last.
A. coming
B. came
C. come
D. had come
23. ---- I’ve taken someone else’s green sweater by mistake.
---- It ________ Harry’s. He always wears green.
A. has to be
B. will be
C. mustn’t be
D. could be
24. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it________.
A. breaks
B. has broken
C. were broken
D. had been broken
25. Martin Luther King Jr was ________ the Nobel Peace Prize of 1964 for advocating nonviolence policy in the movement for civil rights.
A. awarded
B. offered
C. rewarded
D. received
26. This memorial was built ________ those heroes who laid down their lives for the liberation of the black.
A. in memory of
B. in the honor of
C. in favour of
D. in search of
27.On Halloween, children in America like to _________ as ghosts to frighten people.
A. take up
B. make up
C. dress up
D. turn up
28.________ is obvious ______ he has finished his work.
A. What ; that
B. That ; that
C. It ; that
D. It ; what
29. The driver was at _____ loss when ______ word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.
A. a ; 不填
B. a ; the
C. the ; the
D. 不填；不填
30. Could you ______ me for my not keeping my _________?
A. sorry ; word
B. pardon ; words
C. forgive ; promise Ｄexcuse ; promises
31. They decided that the meeting should ________ on Monday.
A. hold
B. happen
C. be taken place
D. take place
32. ---- Might I trouble you with some questions?
---- ____________.
A. Yes, you might
B. Yes, you could
C. Of course, you may
D. Of course, you might
33. The company has a free long-distance telephone number _______ customers may call if they have any questions about its products. A. so that B. although C. as D. even if
34.Sorry I made such a fool of ________ last night. I must have been drunk.
A. myself
B. you
C. guests
D. them
35. ---- Mike, our team will play against the rockets this weekend. I’m sure we will win.
---- ________!
A. Congratulations
B. Cheer up
C. Best wishes
D. Good luck. CBDCA ACCAC DCAAD
Unit2
1. He sat at the desk, __________ a novel.
A. read
B. to read
C. reading
D. reads
2. If you cheat in the exam, you could hardly _________ it.
A. throw away
B. get away
C. get away from
D. get away with
3. No potatoes for me—I’m _______ a diet.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. with
4. The speed of cars and trucks is _____ to 30 kilometers per hour in large cities in China.
A. limited
B. limiting
C. limiting to
D. limited to
5. Smoking is a bad habit. You should _________ it.
A. throw away
B. get away with
C. get rid of
D. throw
6. I’m really tired _______ Tom. He had me _________ for two hours in the rain.
A. of, waiting
B. with; wait
C. of; waited
D. with; waited
7. Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen ________ this year.
A. the best
B. better
C. the most
D. more
8. Filled with anger, h e didn’t shout or swear, but just ________ silently at me.
A. looked
B. stared
C. glared
D. glanced
9. —Why was Tom scolded by our teacher? —For ________.
A. tell a lie
B. telling lies
C. told lies
D. telling lie
10. —Anything new in the new regulations? —They will be ________ to us all.
A. of great benefit
B. do harms
C. do many good
D. for the benefit
11. Must I get through the business in one evening? No, you ________.
A. mustn’t
B. haven’t
C. needn’t to
D. don’t have to
12. Your article is too long. You must _______ to about 3000 words.
A. cut it off
B. cut it up
C. cut it down
D. cut it into
13. If your knowledge can be in some way _______ with my experiences, we are sure to succeed.
A. joined
B. united
C. connected
D. combined
14. The news was so ____ that all the people present at the meeting were _______ at it.
A. amazing, amazing
B. amazed, amazed
C. amazing, amazed
D. amazed, amazing
15. You ______be sitting in this waiting room, sir. You see, it is for women and children only.
A. oughtn’t to
B. dare not
C. need not
D. will not
CCCAC ABCBA DCDCA
Unit3
1. Totally ______ accident, the businessman picked up a _______ antique(古董) in the flea
market(跳蚤市场)
A by; true B. in; indeed C. with; actual D. by; genuine
2. Not believing their eyes, the visitors on the spot_______ the flying plane, doing some difficult and
dangerous tricks in the sky.
A. glared at
B. stared at
C. glanced at
D. caught sight of
3. He couldn’t ______ the fact that the money was found in his house.
A. answer for
B. leave for
C. account for
D. care for
4. They gave us a detailed account of what was going on in the remote villages. Which of the
following can replace the underlined word?
A. expression
B. description
C. conversation
D. statement
5. Nobody could have ever imagined that the poor man ______ _______ be a millionaire.
A. in rag; could
B. in rags; should be
C. wearing poorly; should
D. dressed poorly; might
6. Since there was no way out, the robber decided to _______on his luck to see if he could run away.
A. make a chance
B. take chance
C. take a chance
D. try a chance
7. You may do whatever you like in the holiday. ______ me, I think I can do with a rest.
A. As for
B. As with
C. As to
D. As about
8. —Excuse me, sir, ________ —I’d like a cup of coffee and two pieces of bread.
A. what do you want?
B. may I have your order?
C. this table is reserved.
D. I would like to serve you.
9. In the end I lost my ______ and shouted at her.
A. character
B. manner
C. benefit
D. patience
10. —Would you mind if I turned on the radio and listened to some music? —______. In fact, I also
like to listen to music in my car.
A. No, you can’t
B. Yes, I do
C. No, go ahead
D. OK, no problem
11. If you ask m e, I would say that I won’t mind ______abroad to enrich my knowledge.
A. taking
B. to take
C. to be taken
D. being taken
12. The reason____________ she gave for not being present was ________the heavy snow prevented
her coming.
A. why; because
B. why; whether
C. that; that
D. how; that
13. The woman was about to open the door ____________ she heard a strange sound from inside.
A. as
B. while
C. when
D. then
14. —Are you still thinking a bout yesterday’s game? —Oh, that’s__________.
A. what makes me feel excited
B. whatever I feel excited about
C. how I feel about it
D. when I feel excited
15. These wild flowers are so special I would do__________ I can to save them.
A. whatever
B. that
C. which
D. whichever
16.（2005全国高考）The poor young man is ready to accept __________help he can get.
A. whichever
B. however
C. whatever
D. whenever
17. The news about the fire is followed by a detailed report which was made ______________
A. in sight
B. on the spot
C. on spot
D. on purpose
18. He has been _______________ his fortune these years, but now he is still poor.
A. making
B. seeking
C. reading
D. coming into
19. In my day, children were ____________ to respect the law.
A. brought on
B. brought up
C. brought down
D. brought in
20. Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge; I can’t remember ___________
A. where
B. there
C. which
D. that
DBCBB CABDC DCCAA CBBBC
Unit4
1. ------ How often do you go to the cinema?
------ ，but usually twice a month.
A. It all depends
B. Have no idea
C. As usual
D. Not at all
2. The boy that his cock an egg yesterday.
A. lied, lay
B. lied; laid
C. lay; lied
D. laid; lain
3. he can pass the entrance examination is quite uncertain..
A. If
B. Whether
C. That
D. What
4. makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.
A. What
B. Who
C. Whatever
D. Whoever
5. What we used to think impossible now does seem possible.
A. is
B. was
C. has been
D. will be
6. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town.
A. this
B. that
C. one
D. it
7. days went by, he didn’t succeed in anything he had plann ed.
A. With
B. When
C. As
D. While
8. It’s accepted that men like playing football more than women.
A. especially
B. generally
C. simply
D. totally
9. The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took
pictures of them.
A. many of
B. masses of
C. the number of
D. a large amount of
10. How the big forest fire has remains to be a mystery.
A. taken place
B. turned up
C. broken out
D. broken up
11. ------ I’m thinking of the test tomorrow. I’m afraid I can’t pass this time.
------ ! I’m sure you’ll make it.
A. Go ahead
B. Good luck
C. No problem
D. Cheer up
12. We must do whatever we can to the river being polluted any more.
A. separate
B. keep
C. prevent
D. guard
13. Going on a trip into space must be quite exciting experience.
A. / ; the
B. the; the
C. the; an
D./ ; an
14. China is a country, but America is a country.
A. developing; developing
B. developed; developed
C. developing; developed
D. developed; developing
15. ------ What happened to you just now, Daisy?
------ My key was missing. I had to the door open.
A. force
B. keep
C. break
D. leave
ABBAB DCBBC DCDCA
Unit5
21. I fell down and broke three of my teeth. I wonder how many times I have to come here and get my false teeth _____. .
A. fix
B. fixing
C. fixed
D. to fix
22. We're _________ to listen to her ________ voice. It's ________ to hear her sing.
A. pleased; pleasing; pleasure
B. pleased; pleasant; a pleasure
C. pleasing; pleased; a pleasure
D. pleasing; pleasant; pleasure
23. Here are some new computer programs _________ for home buildings.
A. designing
B. design
C. designed
D. to design
24. With the money ___ , he couldn’t buy any ticket.
A. to lose
B. losing
C. lost
D. has lost
25. There was so much noise in the room that the speaker couldn’t make himself _____.
A. being heard
B. hearing
C. heard
D. hear
26. The result of the test was rather _____ .
A. disappointed
B. disappointing
C. being disappointed
D. disappoint
27. I’ve never heard the word _____ in spoken English.
A. use
B. used
C. using
D. using
28. The ____ price will save you one dollar for each dozen.
A. reduce
B. reducing
C. reduced
D. reduces
29. People ____ in the city do not know the pleasure of country life.
A. live
B. to live
C. lived
D. living
30. The foreigner tried his best, but he still couldn’t make his point ____ .
A. understand
B. understanding
C. to understand
D. understood
31. The scientists were waiting to see the problem ____ .
A. set
B. settled
C. to settle
D. settling
32. The ground is____ with ____ leaves.
A. covering, falling
B. covered, falling
C. covered, fallen
D. covering, fallen
33. The wallet ____ several days ago was found____ in the dustbin outside the building.
A. stolen, hidden
B. stealing, hiding
C. stealing, hidden
D. stolen, hiding
34. In some Muslin countries, women do not _______their faces in the public.
A. reveal
B. uncover
C. expose
D. disclose
35. The boy is often found _____in reading books.
A. absorbs
B. is absorbed
C. absorbing
D. absorbed
36. _____ the injuries to his face, he broke both legs.
A. In addition to B Except C But D Except for
37. I feel it is your husband who ____ for the spoiled child .
A is to blame
B is going to blame
C is to be blamed
D should blame
38. Many things ____impossible in the past are very common today.
A. consider
B. considering
C. considered
D. be considered
39.“We must keep a secret of the things ____ here”, the general said, ____ at the man in charge of the information office.
A. discussed, stared seriously
B. being discussed, seriously staring
C. to be discussed, seriously stared
D. discussed, stared
40. Were you ____ when you saw that wild animal?
A. fright
B. frightening
C. frightened
D. frighten
CBCCC BBCDD BCADD A
高中高一数学必修1各章知识点总结 第一章集合与函数概念 一、集合有关概念 1、集合的含义：某些指定的对象集在一起就成为一个集合，其中每一个对象叫元素 2、集合的中元素的三个特性： 1.元素的确定性； 2.元素的互异性； 3.元素的无序性 说明：(1)对于一个给定的集合，集合中的元素是确定的，任何一个对象或者是或者不是这个给定的集合的元素。 (2)任何一个给定的集合中，任何两个元素都是不同的对象，相同的对象归入一个集合时，仅算一个元素。 (3)集合中的元素是平等的，没有先后顺序，因此判定两个集合是否一样，仅需比较它们的元素是否一样，不需考查排列顺序是否一样。 (4集合元素的三个特性使集合本身具有了确定性和整体性。 3、集合的表示：{ … } 如{我校的篮球队员}，{太平洋,大西洋,印度洋,北冰洋} 1. 用拉丁字母表示集合：A={我校的篮球队员},B={1,2,3,4,5} 2．集合的表示方法：列举法与描述法。
注意啊：常用数集及其记法： 非负整数集（即自然数集）记作：N 正整数集N*或N+ 整数集Z 有理数集Q 实数集R 关于“属于”的概念 集合的元素通常用小写的拉丁字母表示，如：a是集合A的元素，就说a属于集合A 记作a∈A ，相反，a不属于集合A 记作a?A 列举法：把集合中的元素一一列举出来，然后用一个大括号括上。 描述法：将集合中的元素的公共属性描述出来，写在大括号内表示集合的方法。用确定的条件表示某些对象是否属于这个集合的方法。 ①语言描述法：例：{不是直角三角形的三角形} ②数学式子描述法：例：不等式x-3>2的解集是{x?R| x-3>2}或{x| x-3>2} 4、集合的分类： 1．有限集含有有限个元素的集合 2．无限集含有无限个元素的集合 3．空集不含任何元素的集合例：{x|x2=－5｝ 二、集合间的基本关系 1.“包含”关系—子集
选修六Module 1 ⒈lack (1)Lack money/ experience/ time (2)Be lacking in (3)For lack of ①健康问题与不好的饮食习惯及缺乏锻炼有很大的关系。 Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise. ②大城市因为缺乏空间建起了越来越多的高层建筑。 More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space. ③由于缺乏睡眠，许多学生无法集中精力于学习上( 一句多译). Many students can’t concentrate on their studies for lack of sleep. Many students lack sleep, which makes it difficult for them to concentrate on their studies. Lacking sleep makes it difficult for many students to concentrate on their studies. Many students are lacking in sleep so that they can’t concentrate on their studies. ⒉advance Adj. 预先的在前的 预付款advance payment 提前做点某事do a little advance planning v.前进发展进步推动，将···提前 →advanced 先进的，高级的， advanced technology /society /courses n. in advance 提前、事先= ahead of time. ⒊In addition 此外，另外=besides, what’s more in addition to 除···之外= apart from// besides There’s a postage and packing fee in addition to the repair charge In addition , you need to know how long you should stay. Except //except for I cant take my holidays at any time except in August.
计算机二级access操作题考点总结 3.【设计视图-出厂价-格式-从下拉菜单中选择货币】 4.270105:将\规格\字段的输入掩码设置为9位字母、数字和字符的组合。其中，前3位只能是数字，第4位是大写字母，第5位是字符，最后一位是大写字母，其他位是数字。 5.[设计视图-规格-输入掩码属性设置为:000\\V-999\\W] 6、270XXXX年龄\字段内容，将查询命名为\。 7.[添加简历字段，此字段将不显示。输入标准行:如\书法* \。或者线输入:像\绘画* \] 8.270XXXX年龄字段的内容被附加到目标表中的相应字段，并且查询被命名为\。(规定:\名字\字段以姓氏开头，其余字符为名字。名称分为两部分:名字和姓氏，分别附加在目标表的名字和姓氏之后) 13.[创建附加查询-选择学生标识字段-添加新字段:姓:左([名)，1)。添加到行选择姓氏-添加新字段:名字:Mid([名字)，2)。添加到行选择名称-选择性别和年龄字段-运行-保存并命名查询] 14.280XXXX年龄\字段的有效性规则为:不能为空。17.[设计视图-年龄字段的有效性规则属性-不为空] 18，290103:将“雇用时间”字段的默认值设置为系统当前年度的1月1日。[设计视图-雇佣时间-默认值-日期序列(日期())，1，1)] 0，290106:完成上述操作后，数据库文件中表对象的备份被命名为\。 1.选择表-右键单击-另存为-修改表名-确定 2，290XXXX年龄\字段值加1，查询将命名为\。11.[创建更新查询-
选择年龄字段-更新到行输入:[年龄]+1-运行查询-保存命名] 12.300302:设计报告主要部分的复选框控件根据报告记录来源的\性别\字段和\年龄\字段的值显示状态信息:性别为\男性，年龄小于XXXX年龄\字段值，计算并显示4位数字的出生年份信息。注意:当前年份必须由相关函数返回。 19.[设计视图-标签-右侧-属性-名称行输入:泰勒-控制源行:年(日期()-[年龄]] 3XXXX年字段的有效性规则设置为:输入的日期必须满足1980年(包括1980年)之后的作曲者，有效性文本设置为:年日期必须是1980年之后的作曲者。1.[设计视图-年龄-有效性规则:> = # 1980-1-1 #-有效性文本:年龄日期必须是1980年以后的作曲家] 2.将命名XXXX(包括XXXX)之后的字段\、\主题名称\、\价格\、\购买日期\和\简介\的内容。 5.[价格大于100元，条件行输入:> 100采购日期条件行:> =#XXXX 日期10月前。 9.[设计视图-输入时间-有效性规则输入:
Review of Book 6 高二英语选修6 重要知识点复习 I.Let?s review the phrases of book6. 从方框里选择短语并用正确的形式填空，每个短语只能够用一次（其中有多余的选项） burn to the ground, put up with, on the whole, result in , so long as, come about, in the distance, build up, focus on , scores of, a great deal of, manage to , be made up o f, translate …into, take it easy,, in spite of, in sorrow, take possession of, due to, decide on , be addicted to, get into, in the flesh, run out of, stand for, feel like, be accustomed to, convince…of, pay attention to, in the darkness, take a risk 1 the restaurant?s success was___ its new manage. 2 Could you tell me how many departments this university ____? 3 The man often returns from work very late and gets through the woods ___ by himself. 4The king tried to______ his men ____ his power by leading the great army. 5At the discussion, the farmers? argument____ whether their farmlands should be covered by the factory. 6Once you ___ surfing on the Internet, you will find it rather hard to give it up. 7Though humans have discovered____ oil and coal, they mustn?t waste energy like that. 8You can not legally____ the property until three weeks after the contract is signed. 9In mathematics, the letter “X” usually ______ an unknown figure. 10Hearing the sad news that the famous actor died of cancer, all his fans were deeply ______. 11“_______, young man” , the doctor said to Bill. “Let me examine you carefully. 12______ so many difficulties , we?ll do whatever we can to finish the task. 13It was so dry and hot in the desert and the travelers ______ the water they had. 14Without any guide leading them in the forest, the explorers soon____ trouble. 15I?m very hungry now and I _____ eating some food or fruit as soon as possible. 16Those young people would like to _____ so that they could find out whether there is a huge snake in the cave. 17Last week, we saw the man_______ who was said to have died in an accident and we know the news was not true. 18After a long heated discussion, the manager finally_______ taking the measures to encourage their stuff. 19A large number of young people who________ the comfortable life in the city would rather not return to the countryside. 20The popularity of private cars will_____ more serious air pollution and more traffic accidents. 21However, ________, I think I have been fortunate. 22With the Internet bridging people all over the world, great changes have________. 23A balanced diet and enough exercise can certainly_________ your health. 24The pay you get is so low in the company while your work is so hard-----how can you _________it? 25One can achieve his goal sooner or later_______ he is able to face the future with confidence and work hard at it. II.Words spelling. 单词拼写A： 1.They had to c______ tomorrow?s football match because of the bad weather. 2.He studied the German market to find the _______( 可能性) there for investment. 3.Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. ________( 不幸地), neither of them could swim. 4.The car club couldn?t ________（保证）to meet the demands of all its members. 5.Miss Lin made a very _________(印象深刻的) speech at the meeting. 6.American culture is u______ because it was formed and developed under special conditions. 7.The lecture was so long and dull that most audiences got b______ with it. 8._______(发抖) with fear, I made my way to the edge of the crater. 单词拼写B 1.The word “ honesty” is an a______ （抽象）noun. 2.There are many art g_____ （画廊）in New York. 3.I?m afraid I?ve never been much of a s______ (学者) 4.They are to put on an ______ (展览) of French paintings next week. 5.The prisoners a______ (尝试) to escape, but failed. 单词拼写C： 1．Some___________ (青少年) have got into the habit of taking drugs. 2．She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and _______(最后)work the Times. 3．The doors opened _______（自动地）as we approached. 4．He played the piano for a bit of __________ （放松） 5．It?s ________（不合法的）to park your car here. 6．He put forward a plan for improving the rate of_______（生产）。 7．So I did wrong thing! Well, nobody?s_______（完美的）。 8．A woman is ________（怀孕的）for nine months before a child is born. 9．In fact,_______（压力）isn?t so bad a thing as it is often supposed to be. 10.The man made a________（陈述）to the police. 单词填空D 1．T he __________(平均数)of 3,6 and 9 is 6 2．G as and coal are __________(燃料)。 3．W e had very little d_________(资料)on that subject.
高一数学必修1知识网络 123412n x A x B A B A B A n A ∈??? ????? ∈?∈?（）元素与集合的关系：属于（）和不属于（）（）集合中元素的特性：确定性、互异性、无序性集合与元素（）集合的分类：按集合中元素的个数多少分为：有限集、无限集、空集（）集合的表示方法：列举法、描述法（自然语言描述、特征性质描述）、图示法、区间法子集：若 ，则，即是的子集。、若集合中有个元素，则集合的子集有个， 注关系集合集合与集合{}00(2-1)23,,,,.4/n A A A B C A B B C A C A B A B x B x A A B A B A B A B A B x x A x B A A A A A B B A A B ??????????? ???????????≠∈?????=???=∈∈?=??=??=???真子集有个。、任何一个集合是它本身的子集，即 、对于集合如果，且那么、空集是任何集合的（真）子集。 真子集：若且（即至少存在但），则是的真子集。集合相等：且 定义：且交集性质：，，，运算{}{},/()()()-()/()()()()()()U U U U U U U U A A B B A B A B A A B x x A x B A A A A A A B B A A B A A B B A B A B B Card A B Card A Card B Card A B C A x x U x A A C A A C A A U C C A A C A B C A C B ????????=????=∈∈???=??=?=????????=???=+?=∈?=?=??==?=?，定义：或并集性质：，，，，， 定义：且补集性质：，，，， ()()()U U U C A B C A C B ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????????????? ??????????????????????=???????
1、算法:就是对一个问题求解步骤得一种描述,具有以下5个主要特性:有穷性，确定性,可行性，输入(有零个或者多个输入),输出（有一个或者多个输出)。算法得有穷性就是指算法必须在有限得时间内做完,即算法必须在有限个步骤之后执行终止。 2、在算法正确得前提下,评价一个算法得两个标准就是即——算法复杂度包括时间复杂度与空间复杂度。其中时间复杂度就是指执行算法所需要得计算工作量。空间复杂度就是算法所需空间得度量。 3、算法分析得目得就是分析算法得效率以求改进。 4、数据项就是数据得最小单位。数据得最小访问单位就是字段。 ５、一般说来，数据结构包括数据得逻辑结构、数据得存储结构、数据得操作3个方面。 6、数据得存储结构就是指数据得逻辑结构在计算机中得表示。一种逻辑数据结构可以有多种存储结构,且各种存储结构影响数据处理得效率。 7、在数据得存储结构中,不仅需要存储各数据元素得信息，还要存放各元素之间前后件得信息。 ８、在数据库管理系统提供得数据定义语言、数据操纵语言与数据控制语言中,数据定义语言负责数据得模式定义与数据得物理存取构建。 9、线性数据结构：队列,线性表,栈等等。常用得结构数据模型有关系型、网状型与树型。 10、线性表中得元素之间具有一对一得关系,除第一个元素与最后一个元素外,其余每个元素都有一个且只有一个直接前驱与直接后驱。顺序存储就是线性表得一种最常用得存储方式。 1１、栈得基本运算有三种:入栈、退栈与读栈。 12、栈就是限定仅在表尾进行插入与删除操作得线性表。允许插入与删除得一端叫做“栈顶”,不允许插入与删除得一端叫做“栈底”栈得修改只能在栈顶进行,按照后进先出得原则,具有记忆作用,对栈得插入与删除操作中,不需要改变栈底指针。 1３、队列就是限定了插入与删除操作得线性表。它只允许在表得一端进行插入操作(队尾),而在另外一端进行删除操作(队头),队列得修改可以在两端进行,按照先进先出得原则。 1４、数据结构分为逻辑结构与存储结构，循环队列属于存储结构。数据得逻辑结构有线性结构与非线性结构两大类。循环链表得主要优点就是从表中任一结点出发都能访问到整个链表。常用得存储表示方法有4种:顺序存储、链式存储、索引存储、散列存储。其中,顺序存储方法就是把逻辑上相邻得结点存储在物理位置页相邻得存储单元中。 15、数据库系统得主要特点为数据集成性、数据得高共享性与低冗余性、数据得独立性与数据同意管理与控制。 １6、存储结构下得线性表便于擦汇入与删除操作。队列就是一种特殊得线性表,循环队列就是队列得顺序存储结构。 17、数据库系统就是由硬件系统、数据库集合、数据库管理系统及相关软件、数据库管理员、用户。分布式数据库系统具有数据分布性、逻辑整体性、位置透明性与复杂透明性得特点 18、常见得排序有插入排序、交换排序与选择排序。当数据表A中每个元素距其最终位置不远，说明数据表A按关键字值基本有序,在待排序序列基本有序得情况下,采用插入排序所使用时间最少。 1９、存储空间不一定连续，且各元素得存储顺序就是任意得。冒泡排序法在最好得情况下得元素交换次数为0。 20、树形结构就是一类重要得非线性数据结构,其中以树与二叉树最为常用。树就是结点得集合，它得根结点数目就是有且只有一个。树根结点没有前件。 21、二叉树得遍历可以分为：前序遍历(ＤLＲ）、中序遍历(LDR)、与后序遍历(LＲD）。 22、二叉树就是另一个树型结构，它得特点就是每一个结点至多只有两棵子树，并且二叉树得子树有左右之分,其次序不能任意颠倒。(一)在二叉树得第i层上至多有２得ｉ-１次方个结点;(二)深度为k得二叉树至多有2得k次方减1个结点;(三)对任何一棵二叉树Ｔ，如果其终端结点数为ｎ1,度为２得结点数为n2,则n１=n2+1。(四)具有n个结点得完全二叉树得深度为k+1,其中k就是log2n得整体部分。 2３、在任意一颗二叉树中,度为0得结点(即叶子结点）总就是比度为2得结点多一个。 ２４、对长度为ｎ得线性表,在最坏得情况下,快速排序需要得比较次数为n(n-１)/2;冒泡排序所需要得比较次数为n(n-1)/２;直接插入排序所需要得比较次数为n(ｎ-1)／2;堆排序所需要得比较次数为O（nｌog2n)。 25、对长度为ｎ得线性表进行顺序查找,在最坏得情况下所需要得比较次数为n。 2６、长度为n得顺序存储线性表中，当在任何位置上插入一个元素概率都相等，插入一个元素所需要移动元素得平均个数为n/2。 27、N个顶点得强连通图得变数至少有N
高中数学必修1知识点 第一章、集合综合应用题；单调性、奇偶性证明与应用； 第二章、指数幂与对数的运算；指数函数与对数函数性质的应用； 第三章、零点问题，尤其是二次函数的零点、二次函数根的分布。 第一章集合与函数概念 一、集合有关概念： 1、集合的含义： 2、集合的中元素的三个特性： （1）元素的确定性；（2）元素的互异性；（3）元素的无序性 3、集合的表示： （Ⅰ）列举法： （Ⅱ）描述法： 4、常用数集及其记法： 非负整数集（即自然数集）N ；正整数集N*或N+ ；整数集Z；有理数集Q；实数集R 5、“属于”的概念 集合的元素通常用小写的拉丁字母表示，如：a是集合A的元素，就说a属于集合A 记作a∈A ，相反，a不属于集合A 记作a A 6、集合的分类： 1．有限集含有有限个元素的集合 2．无限集含有无限个元素的集合 3．空集不含任何元素的集合 二、集合间的基本关系 集合相等，子集，真子集，空集等定义 规定: 空集是任何集合的子集，空集是任何非空集合的真子集。 三、集合的运算 1．交集、并集、全集与补集的定义 2.性质：A∩A = A，A∩φ= φ, A∩B = B∩A，A∪A = A，A∪φ= A , A∪B = B∪A. ⑴C U(C U A)=A ⑵(C U A)∩A=Φ⑶(C U A)∪A=U (4)(C U A)∩(C U B)=C U(A∪B) (5)(C U A)∪(C U B)=C U(A∩B) 二、函数的有关概念 1．函数的概念：(看课本) 注意：1、如果只给出解析式y=f(x)，而没有指明它的定义域，则函数的定义域即是指能使这个式子有意义的实数的集合； 2、函数的定义域、值域要写成集合或区间的形式． 定义域补充： 能使函数式有意义的实数x的集合称为函数的定义域，求函数的定义域时列不等式组的主要依据是：(1) 分式的分母不等于零；(2)偶次方根的被开方数不小于零；(3)对数式的真数必须大于零；(4)指数、对数式的底必须大于零且不等于1. (5)如果函数是由一些基本函数通过四则运算结合而成的.那么，它的定义域是
高中数学 必修1知识点 集合 123412n x A x B A B A B A n A ∈????????∈?∈?（）元素与集合的关系：属于（）和不属于（）（）集合中元素的特性：确定性、互异性、无序性集合与元素（）集合的分类：按集合中元素的个数多少分为：有限集、无限集、空集（）集合的表示方法：列举法、描述法（自然语言描述、特征性质描述）、图示法、区间法子集：若 ，则，即是的子集。、若集合中有个元素，则集合的子集有个， 注关系集合集合与集合{}00(2-1)23,,,,.4/n A A A B C A B B C A C A B A B x B x A A B A B A B A B A B x x A x B A A A A A B B A A B ??????????????????????≠∈?????=???=∈∈?=??=??=???真子集有个。、任何一个集合是它本身的子集，即 、对于集合如果，且那么、空集是任何集合的（真）子集。真子集：若且（即至少存在但），则是的真子集。集合相等：且 定义：且交集性质：，，，运算{}{},/()()()-()/()()()()()()U U U U U U U U A A B B A B A B A A B x x A x B A A A A A A B B A A B A A B B A B A B B Card A B Card A Card B Card A B C A x x U x A A C A A C A A U C C A A C A B C A C B ????????=????=∈∈???=??=?=????????=???=+?=∈?=?=??==?=?，定义：或并集性质：，，，，， 定义：且补集性质：，，，， ()()()U U U C A B C A C B ???????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????=???????
Unit 1 I词汇及结构 1. would rather do sth情愿做…. would rather sb did sth情愿sb做… 情愿做….而不愿意做…：would rather do sth than do sth= would do sth rather than do sth = prefer to do sth rather than do sth = prefer doing sth to doing sth 2.faith n. 信任,信仰keep faith with 忠于信仰; 守信 have faith in 相信, 信任 in good faith 老实地；诚恳地faithful adj. 忠诚的，可靠的 3.As there are so many different styles of Western art , it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text． so+adj+a(an)+(单数可数) (+that…) so many/few +n (复数) (+ that…) so much/little (不可数) (+that…) such+adj.+n.(不可数)/ n (复数) 4.consequently adv. 所以，因此 Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently, he knows very little about it. 福斯特先生从未去过中国, 所以对中国了解得很少。 consequent adj. 作为结果的,随之发生的 consequence n. 结果
2019年计算机二级ACCESS考试知识点：关系数据 模型 1.2关系数据库 自20世纪80年代以来，新推出的数据库管理系统几乎都支持关 系数据模型，Access就是一种关系数据库管理系统。本节将结合Access来集中介绍关系数据库系统的基本概念。 1.2.1关系数据模型 关系数据模型的用户界面非常简单，一个关系的逻辑结构就是一 张二维表。这种用二维表的形式表示实体一和实体一间联系的数据模 型称为关系数据模型。 一、关系术语 1.关系 —个关系就是一张二维表，每个关系有一个关系名。在Access 中，一个关系存储为一个表，具有一个表名。 对关系的描述称为关系模式，一个关系模式对应一个关系的结构。其格式为： 关系名(属性名1，属性名2，……，属性名n) 在Access中，表示为表结构： 2.元组 在一个二维表(一个具体关系)中，水平方向的行称为元组，每一 行是一个元组。元组对应表中的一条具体记录。例如，教师表和工资 表两个关系各包括多条记录(或多个元组〉。 3.属性
二维表中垂直方向的列称为属性，每一列有一个属性名，与前面 讲的实体属性相同。在Access中表示为字段名。每个字段的数据类型、宽度等在创建表的结抅时规定。例如，教师表中的编号、姓名、性别 等字段名及其相对应的数据类型组成表的结构。 4.域 属性的取值范围，即不同元组对同一个属性的取值所限定的范围。例如，姓名的取值范围是文字字符;性别只能从“男”、“女”两个汉 字中取一;逻辑型属性婚否只能从逻辑真或逻辑假两个值中取值。 5.关键字 其值能够地标识一个元组的属性或属性的组合。在Access中表 示为字段或字段的组合，教师表中的编号能够作为标识一条记录的关 键字。因为具有某一职称的可能不止一人，职称字段不能作为标识的 关键字。在Access中，主关键字和候选关键字就起到标识一个元组的 作用。 6.外部关键字 如果表中的一个字段不是本表的主关键字，而是另外一个表的主 关键字和候选关键字，这个字段(属性)就称为外关键字。 从集合论的观点来定义关系，能够将关系定义为元组的集合。关 系模式是命名的域性集合。元组是属性值的集合。一个具体的关系模 型是若干各有联系的关系模式的集合。 在Access中，将相互之间存有联系的表放在一个数据库中统一 管理。例如，在“教学管理”数据库中能够加人教师表、学生表、课 程表和成绩表等。 二、关系的特点
集合与函数知识点讲解 1. 对于集合，一定要抓住集合的代表元素，及元素的“确定性、互异性、无序性”。 {}{}{}如：集合，，，、、A x y x B y y x C x y y x A B C ======|lg |lg (,)|lg 中元素各表示什么？ 2. 进行集合的交、并、补运算时，不要忘记集合本身和空集的特殊情况。? 注重借助于数轴和文氏图解集合问题。 空集是一切集合的子集，是一切非空集合的真子集。 {} {}如：集合，A x x x B x ax =--===||2 2301 若，则实数的值构成的集合为B A a ? 3. 注意下列性质： {} （）集合，，……，的所有子集的个数是；1212a a a n n 4. 你会用补集思想解决问题吗？（排除法、间接法） 如：已知关于的不等式 的解集为，若且，求实数x ax x a M M M a --<∈?5 0352 的取值范围。 ()（∵，∴ ·∵，∴ ·，，）335 30555 501539252 2 ∈--->=+-0 义域是_____________。
人教版高中英语选修六 知识点梳理 ）巩固练习 重点题型（ 常考知识点 动词-ing形式复习 概念引入 在初中和高一，我们已经学过动词-ing形式的用法，而在学习过去分词的过程中，也穿插着与动词-ing形式的用法的区别，那么在本单元我们就把学过的有关动词-ing形式的内容复习并小结一下。 看下面句子： 1.Having collected and evaluated the information,I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast. 2.I was appoin te d as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian V olcano Observatory twenty years ago. 3.My job is collecting information for a database about Mount Kilauea,which is one of the most active volcanoes in Hawaii. 4.Are you interested in studying rocks and other things that make up the surface of the earth? 5.Can you imagine doing such dangerous work as part of your job? 这些句子中斜体词部分都是动词-ing形式及其宾语或状语等构成的短语，句1中短语作状语；句2中短语作定语，而且动词-ing形式带有状语“for...”；句3中短语作表语，表语中Moun t Kilauea又带有which引导的定语从句；句4中短语作介词的宾语，而studying的宾语rocks and other things也带有that引导的定语从句；句5中短语作动词的宾语。那么动词-ing形式的用法是什么？使用时我们要注意什么呢？ 用法讲解 动词-ing形式概述 1.特点： 1.动词-ing形式（v-ing形式）是英语三大非谓语动词之一，另两个是不定式和过去分词； 2.有动词特征：有时态和语态，可以有自己的宾语和状语； 3.有名词、形容词和副词的特征：可以在句中作主语、表语、定语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、主语补足语等。 4.可分为现在分词和动名词：现在分词相当于形容词或副词，一般作定语、状语、补足语和表示特点的表语；动名词相当于名词，一般作主语、宾语和表示主语内容的表语。 2.构成： 基本形式：do＋ing 否定形式:“not doing” 注意：无论在完成式还是被动式里,not必须置于v-ing形式之前。
1.循环队列是队列的一种顺序存储结构，是线性结构。（栈也是线性结构） 2.算法的有穷性指算法运行的时间是有限的。 算法的空间复杂度是指算法在执行过程中所需要的内存空间。 3.只有一个根节点的数据结构不一定是线性结构。 有一个以上根结点的数据结构一定是非线性结构。 4.在栈中，栈底指针不变，栈中元素随栈顶指针的变化而变化。 5.栈支持子程序调用。 6.软件设计中划分模块的一个准则是高内聚低耦合。 7.关系运算包括：选择、投影和连接。 8.在E-R图中：实体集用矩形，属性用椭圆，联系用菱形。 9.在关系窗口中，双击两个表之间的连接线，会出现编辑关系对话框。 10.线性表的链式存储结构所需要的存储空间一般要多于顺序存储结构。 11.软件测试的目的：发现程序中的错误。 12.数据库设计中反映用户对数据要求的模式是外模式 13.对任何一棵二叉树，度为0的结点（即叶子结点）总是比度为2的结点多一个。 14.程序调试的任务：诊断和改正程序中的错误。 15.数据库设计，在需求分析阶段建立数据字典。 16.链式存储结构既可以针对线性结构也可以针对非线性结构。 17.顺序存储结构的存储空间一定是连续的，链式存储结构的存储空间不一定是连续的。 18.一般来说，在线性表的链式存储结构中，各数据节点的存储序号是不连续的，并且各节点在存储空间中的位置关系与逻辑关系也不一致。 19.线性链表中数据的插入和删除都不需要移动表中的元素，只需要改变节点的指针域即可。 20.循环队列中元素的个数是由队头指针和队尾指针共同决定。 21.在栈中,栈底指针不变，栈中元素随栈顶指针的变化而变化。 22.对长度为n的线性表排序，在最坏情况下，除了堆排序算法的比较次数是（比较次数最少），其他的都是n(n－1)/2。 23.对象有如下一些基本特点：标识唯一性、分类性、多态性、封装性、模块独立性好。 24.面向对象方法中，继承是指类之间共享属性和操作的机制。 25.软件危机主要表现在：软件需求的增长得不到满足；软件开发成本和进度无法控制；软件质量难以保证；软件不可维护或维护程度非常低；软件的成本不断提高；软件开发生产率的提高赶不上硬件的发展和应用需求的增长。 26.通常，将软件产品从提出、实现、使用维护到停止使用退役的过程称为软件生命周期。 27.内模式又称物理模式，它给出了数据物理存储结构与物理存取方法。 28.在软件开发中，需求分析阶段可以使用的工具有数据流图DFD图，数据字典DD，判定树与判定表。 29.在软件设计中不使用的工具是数据流图(DFD图)。 30.在数据流图中，用标有名字的箭头表示数据流。在程序流程图中，用标有名字的箭头表示控制流。 31.OLE对象:用于链接或内嵌Windows支持的对象。 32.生成表查询生成的新表是原表的子表。 33.追加查询并不要求两个表结构一致。 34.在代码中引用一个窗体控件时，应使用的控件属性是:Name 35.对话框在关闭前，不能继续执行应用程序的其他部分，这种对话框称为:模态对话框
人教版英语选修六第四单元知识点 U4(选修六) Language points-reading 1 1.depend on/ upon+ n 依靠,依赖, 确(坚)信 You can’t depend on your parents forever. depend on/upon+sb.+to do 指望某人做…… You can’t depend on him to come on time. depend on/upon +it +that…. 指望….. You may depend on it that he will come. depend on/upon +wh-从句 Whether you can pass the exam depends on how hard you work. That (all) depends./ it all depends. (口语)视情况而定， I may help you. But that/ it depends. 2. light 1)n. 光,线,灯 2)v.照亮,点燃 He lit a match. 他划着了一根火柴。 A smile of triumph lit up her face. 她的脸上闪耀着胜利的微笑。 The match lights easily. 这火柴容易划着 3)adj The suitcase is very light.（轻的） There was a light rain falling. He is a light sleeper. 他睡不沉。（易醒的） 3. heat v. / heat up 是某物变热或变暖 heated adj. 热的激烈的 heated debate, heated discussion heatedly adv.愤怒地激昂地 heater加热器发热器 4.consume v.---- consumer (n.). 1 消耗,花费;耗尽 She consumed most of her time in reading. 2吃完,喝光 The kids soon consumed all the food on the table. 孩子们一会儿功夫便把桌上的食品全部吃光。 3 使全神贯注,使着迷+with The boy was consumed with curiosity. 那男孩充满好奇心。 5.as … as one can = as … as possible Please come here as soon as possible.= Please come here as soon as you can.. as many as 多达 as long as 长达,只要 as far as远至,就…而论 as well as 和…一样好,也,和 as early as 早在 6.对比：