毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译
文献、资料中文题目：PLC控制和Matlab / Simulink仿真模拟的一种翻译方法
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翻译日期： 2017.02.14
PLC控制和Matlab / Simulink仿真模拟的一种翻译
方法
Teresa Deveza .J. F. Martins
埃武拉大学，葡萄牙埃武拉
CTS/ UNINOVA和FCT/ UNL，里斯本，葡萄牙
teresa.deveza@https://www.doczj.com/doc/7a3478917.html,; jf.martins@fct.unl.pt
摘要：本文提出了一种翻译方法即在Matlab / Simulink的效仿PLC控制程序环境。翻译包自动地将PLC控制程序转换成Matlab / Simulink环境软件语言。在Matlab / Simulink环境中，将PLC控制程序翻译到一个Matlab功能块，只要模拟运行时，这个功能块会控制工业过程的模型。翻译包输入有：PLC型号，PLC的数字类型输入和输出和PLC控制程序文件。该翻包输出将是一个包含PLC控制程序翻译的Matlab / Simulink环境兼容m文件。埃武拉大学的学生成功地采用这种封装形式，让他们可以通过这个Matlab / Simulink控制模型来测试自己的PLC控制程序。
关键字：自动化，教育，工业控制，仿真，建模。
1.简介
由可编程逻辑控制器（PLC）控制自动化和控制过程中的实际测试有一种众所周知的问题[1-3]。有几种解决方案实现：比例模型，LED的电池、交换机和人机界面（HMI），监督控制和数据采集系统（SCADA）系统或模拟工具。使用比例模型真实的过程是非常昂贵的并且难以适应不同的过程。毫无疑问，教PLC控制的过程的最好方法是允许学生在一个几乎真实的环境来测试他们的项目，但其成本往往禁止其使用。使用LED和开关集是极其混乱最终无趣。这种方法，只有小的时候才有效且被认为会严重降低学生的动机。有些HMI和SCADA系统允许功能，但非常昂贵，而不是用于目的和通常考虑物业的协议。一些基于PC机的过程模拟工具被开发出来，采用单片机技术与任何类型的PLC[4] ，设计工作。其他商业PLC也可模拟工具（PC-SIM卡SIMTSXPSIM只是仅举几例）。然而，这些解决方案往往不适合被集成到其他的仿真的工具。
利用Matlab / Simulink的[5]一直没有一个正规工业自动化PLC教学方法控制过程。假设的型号的工业过程中实现的Matlab / Simulink本文提出了一
种工具，它可以被用来实现在Matlab / Simulink PLC控制程序环境。其基本思路是考虑PLC作为一个Matlab功能块，在控制程序Matlab / Simulink环境，当模拟运行时，将控制该工业模型运行。这项工作的主要目的是PLC控制程序，写指令列表，自动翻译成MATLAB/ Simulink软件语言。
2. 工业过程建模
实施工业生产线涉及大量的投资。在设计的每一个决定阶段应以非常关心保证自动化生产过程成功地实现了预期的效果。
工业过程建模的问题是不容易的或唯一的，几种方法可以采用。这些过程可以被认为是一个离散事件系统，根据出现的各种不同的事件，其中涉及了动力系统的变化。工业生产系统保持在不断完善，这对保持供应商和过程集成商的竞争力非常重要。为了实现这一目标，一个高效的建模方法是一个基本的问题
一个现代化的生产线，是一个高度集成的系统它由自动化工作站以及具有工具变化能力机器人、一个硬件处理系统和存储系统、PLC控制的过程组成，并且计算机控制系统控制整个系统。每个控制工业过程被建模为一个传递函数（连续和/或离散）与一组输入和一组输出，如图1所示。输入的控制信号作用于的工业过程中的执行机构，输出信号取决于工业网络中的传感器和检测器取得的变量。
图 1.工业过程模型
Matlab / Simulink环境虽然不是那么经常使用的工业过程建模，但仿真包允许建立一个合适的建模和仿真工具连续，离散和混合离散/连续个子系统模型。如今，Matlab / Simulink的覆盖了广泛的应用领域，也可以用于建立自动化应用中的详细过程。
3.PLC建模
一个PLC（可编程逻辑控制器）的基本组成是：电源、控制程序和工作存储器、输入/输出电路和一个中央控制单元。 PLC是最合适的，并广泛应用于
当今工业过程技术。一个PLC被看作是一个集成电路，包括逻辑元素与互连图案，其中一部分可由用户编程。
一个PLC仿真的电动梯的运行图。由于他们是连续的机器，效仿并联电路的工作原理，瞬间响应，PLC可以用一个输入/输出图像表和扫描周期。控制程序运行时，PLC连续执行一个扫描周期。该计划解决了布尔逻辑中的信息的输入表，输出和内部继电器表。此外，在输出的信息和内部继器表更新程序扫描过程中。PLC中，布尔逻辑（PLC控制程序）通常使用图形语言表示梯形图[7]。然而，PLC控制面向文本的程序，还可以描述为STL（编程语言的语句表）和SCL（结构化控制语言）。
PLC建模问题可以降低到仿真PLC控制程序。对于PLC的程序，有几个可以采取的办法。几位作者制定了具体的包验证P LC程序[8 - 9]。这些软件包验证程序中使用的结构，其中包括，自动机网络。这些程序通常只验证程序结构而不验证是否达到预期的控制目标。另一种方法是在新一代的PLC程序的其他形式主义，如Petri网[10]，状态图或有限状态机器。如果原来的形式主义是无错的，这可能PLC程序开发是一个有价值的工具。一些作者翻译PLC开发软件包DSP代码的程序，以便它可以被用在非PLC硬件。
这些方法中没有一个是面向教育或采用于Matlab / Simulink的内环境。拟采用的方法常常被认为是仿照PLC模拟控制程序，其中PLC控制程序与工业过程交互作用，如图2所示。
电源
图 2. PLC控制程序和工业过程的相互作用
PLC控制程序是循环的，其流动方式如下：中央控制单元的状态传送工业过程（PLC的输入电路）到内部工作存储区，然后执行PLC控制控制程序存储区中存储的程序，并通过输出电路的控制操作作用于工业过程执行机构在工业过程中执行。执行过程如图3所示。
图 3. PLC控制程序循环执行
PLC控制程序将产生输出将作为工业过程的输入端，同理工业过程的输端作为PLC的输入控制程序输入端。
4. PLC/ MATLAB翻译方法
如前所述建议翻译方法假定该工业过程已经是模拟在Matlab / Simulink 环境，如图4所示。
图 4. PLC操作和工业过程的相互作用
工业PLC控制的过程是由一个命名为“工业过程仿真模块“，基于Matlab / Simulink的模块来模拟的。此模块输出（传感器和检测器的输出）是工业过程的传感器和探测器的信号，这些信号将被作为输入信号输入到命名为“PLC 控制程序”的Matlab / Simulink块。工业过程仿真模块将效仿PLC运行，且其输出将PLC输出对应连接到执行器的输入。
PLC控制程序模块是拟议的方法的基石。它将效仿如图3所示的PLC循环方式运行。此功能块是一个Matlab的m文件。
为了自动构建块学生必须做到以下几点：
1.阅读PLC控制过程中的具体要求。
2.复制由教师提供在MATLABL/ Simulink环境下的matlab/ Simulink的工业过程模拟块。
3.选择一个PLC控制的过程;
4. 根据所给定的功能规范，阐述了各自的PLC控制程序。例如使用GRAFCET的方法;
5.写下的PLC控制程序采用梯形图或面向文本的编程语言;
6.把面向文本的PLC控制程序保存在文本文件中；
7.以运行翻译包将PLC控制程序转换到Matlab / Simulink的语言（Matlab / Simulink环境m文件功能块的PLC控制程序'
8.测试开发的PLC控制程序PLC控制过程模型（Matlab / Simulink的m 文件功能块“工业流程模拟块'）;
9.阐述了各自的工作报告
在使用翻译包自动翻译学生的PLC控制程序为Matlab / Simulink的语言之前，将要求学生知道以下信息：
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毕业设计(论文)外文资料翻译 学院：机械工程学院 专业：机械设计制造及其自动化 姓名： 学号：XXXXXXXXXX 外文出处：《Computational Intelligence and (用外文写)Design》 附件： 1.外文资料翻译译文；2.外文原文。 注：请将该封面与附件装订成册。
附件1：外文资料翻译译文 基于微型计算机的步进电机控制系统设计 孟天星余兰兰 山东理工大学电子与电气工程学院 山东省淄博市 摘要 本文详细地介绍了一种以AT89C51为核心的步进电机控制系统。该系统设计包括硬件设计、软件设计和电路设计。电路设计模块包括键盘输入模块、LED显示模块、发光二极管状态显示和报警模块。按键可以输入设定步进电机的启停、转速、转向,改变转速、转向等的状态参数。通过键盘输入的状态参数来控制步进电机的步进位置和步进速度进而驱动负载执行预订的工作。运用显示电路来显示步进电机的输入数据和运行状态。AT89C51单片机通过指令系统和编译程序来执行软件部分。通过反馈检测模块，该系统可以很好地完成上述功能。 关键词：步进电机，AT89C51单片机，驱动器，速度控制 1概述 步进电机因为具有较高的精度而被广泛地应用于运动控制系统，例如机器人、打印机、软盘驱动机、绘图仪、机械式阀体等等。过去传统的步进电机控制电路和驱动电路设计方法通常都极为复杂，由成本很高而且实用性很差的电器元件组成。结合微型计算机技术和软件编程技术的设计方法成功地避免了设计大量复杂的电路，降低了使用元件的成本，使步进电机的应用更广泛更灵活。本文步进电机控制系统是基于AT89C51单片机进行设计的，它具有电路简单、结构紧凑的特点，能进行加减速，转向和角度控制。它仅仅需要修改控制程序就可以对各种不同型号的步进电机进行控制而不需要改变硬件电路，所以它具有很广泛的应用领域。 2设计方案 该系统以AT89C51单片机为核心来控制步进电机。电路设计包括键盘输入电路、LED显示电路、发光二极管显示电路和报警电路，系统原理框图如图1所示。 At89c51单片机的P2口输出控制步进电机速度的时钟脉冲信号和控制步进电机运转方向的高低电平。通过定时程序和延时程序可以控制步进电机的速度和在某一
译文 流体传动及控制技术已经成为工业自动化的重要技术，是机电一体化技术的核心组成之一。而电液比例控制是该门技术中最具生命力的一个分支。比例元件对介质清洁度要求不高，价廉，所提供的静、动态响应能够满足大部分工业领域的使用要求，在某些方面已经毫不逊色于伺服阀。比例控制技术具有广阔的工业应用前景。但目前在实际工程应用中使用电液比例阀构建闭环控制系统的还不多，其设计理论不够完善，有待进一步的探索，因此，对这种比例闭环控制系统的研究有重要的理论价值和实践意义。本论文以铜电解自动生产线中的主要设备——铣耳机作为研究对象，在分析铣耳机组各构成部件的基础上，首先重点分析了铣耳机的关键零件——铣刀的几何参数、结构及切削性能，并进行了实验。用电液比例方向节流阀、减压阀、直流直线测速传感器等元件设计了电液比例闭环速度控制系统，对铣耳机纵向进给装置的速度进行控制。论文对多个液压阀的复合作用作了理论上的深入分析，着重建立了带压差补偿型的电液比例闭环速度控制系统的数学模型，利用计算机工程软件，研究分析了系统及各个组成环节的静、动态性能，设计了合理的校正器，使设计系统性能更好地满足实际生产需要 水池拖车是做船舶性能试验的基本设备,其作用是拖曳船模或其他模型在试验水池中作匀速运动,以测量速度稳定后的船舶性能相关参数,达到预报和验证船型设计优劣的目的。由于拖车稳速精度直接影响到模型运动速度和试验结果的精度,因而必须配有高精度和抗扰性能良好的车速控制系统,以保证拖车运动的稳速精度。本文完成了对试验水池拖车全数字直流调速控制系统的设计和实现。本文对试验水池拖车工作原理进行了详细的介绍和分析,结合该控制系统性能指标要求,确定采用四台直流电机作为四台车轮的驱动电机。设计了电流环、转速环双闭环的直流调速控制方案,并且采用转矩主从控制模式有效的解决了拖车上四台直流驱动电机理论上的速度同步和负载平衡等问题。由于拖车要经常在轨道上做反复运动,拖动系统必须要采用可逆调速系统,论文中重点研究了逻辑无环流可逆调速系统。大型直流电机调速系统一般采用晶闸管整流技术来实现,本文给出了晶闸管整流装置和直流电机的数学模型,根据此模型分别完成了电流坏和转速环的设计和分析验证。针对该系统中的非线性、时变性和外界扰动等因素,本文将模糊控制和PI控制相结合,设计了模糊自整定PI控制器,并给出了模糊控制的查询表。本文在系统基本构成及工程实现中,介绍了西门子公司生产的SIMOREGDC Master 6RA70全数字直流调速装置,并设计了该调速装置的启动操作步骤及参数设置。完成了该系统的远程监控功能设计,大大方便和简化了对试验水池拖车的控制。对全数字直流调速控制系统进行了EMC设计,提高了系统的抗干扰能力。本文最后通过数字仿真得到了该系统在常规PI控制器和模糊自整定PI控制器下的控制效果,并给出了系统在现场调试运行时的试验结果波形。经过一段时间的试运行工作证明该系统工作良好,达到了预期的设计目的。 提升装置在工业中应用极为普遍,其动力机构多采用电液比例阀或电液伺服阀控制液压马达或液压缸,以阀控马达或阀控缸来实现上升、下降以及速度控制。电液比例控制和电液伺服控制投资成本较高,维护要求高,且提升过程中存在速度误差及抖动现象,影响了正常生产。为满足生产要求,提高生产效率,需要研究一种新的控制方法来解决这些不足。随着科学技术的飞速发展,计算机技术在液压领域中的应用促进了电液数字控制技术的产生和发展,也使液压元件的数字化成为液压技术发展的必然趋势。本文以铅电解残阳极洗涤生产线中的提升装置为研究
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毕业论文（设计）外文翻译 题目：可编程逻辑控制器技术 系部名称：信息工程系专业班级： 学生姓名：学号： 指导教师：教师职称： 2014 年3 月XX 日
译文 可编程逻辑控制器技术 引言 PLC（可编程逻辑控制器）实际是一个工业控制系统（近来我们看到更多的是用处理器来取代微控制器），在软件和硬件都配备的条件下，适合应用于工业环境。PLC 的发明是相当必要的，它代替了传统的依靠由继电接触器电路来控制电机。PLC 的工作原理是根据它的输入信号和工作状态来确定输出。用户通常是通过软件或编程输入一个程序，来输出所需要的结果。 如图 8-1 所示，PLC 是由典型的黑色构件组成。特别需要注意的是它的输入和输出， 因为在这些模块上，工业环境会给 CPU 一个输入线，所以很有必要将 CPU 模块隔离以保护其免遭有害的影响。程序单元通常是用计算机来编写程序（一般是梯形图）。 1.1CPU 的中央处理单元 中央处理单元（CPU）是一个 PLC 的主控制器。一般 CPU 本身是一个微控制器。通常这些都是 8 位微控制器，如 8051 ，现在的这些是 16 位和 32 位微控制器。潜规则是，你会发现用在 PLC 控制器上的微控制器多数是由日本生产的日立和富士通，欧洲的西门子控制器，和美国的摩托罗拉微控制器。CPU 也负责通讯，与 PLC 控制器的其它部分相互联系，如程序执行，内存操作，监督输入和设置输出。PLC 控制器拥有复杂的程序用于内存检查，以确保 PLC 内存不被损坏（内存检查是为了安全原因而作出的）。一般来说，CPU 单元多数用来检查 PLC 控制器本身，所以有可能出现的错误很早就会被发现。你可以简单地看任何 PLC 控制器,查看错误信号在发光二极管上的种种指示形式。 1.2内存 系统内存（今天主要是在 FLASH 技术上实现）用于一台 PLC 的过程控制系统。除了 这个操作系统它还包含用户程序将梯形图翻译成二进制的形式。 FLASH 存储器的内容仅在 用户程序改变下可以改变。PLC 控制器较早被用来代替闪存，EPROM 存储器代替了那些只能依靠紫外线灯等擦除内存并依靠程序员来编程的 FLASH 存储器。在 FLASH 技术的作用下这个过程被大大的缩短了。重组程序内存通过程序中的串行通讯用于应用程序开发。使用内存被划分成多个具有特殊功能的模块。存储器某些部分用来存储输入状态和输出状态。一个 输入信号的实际状态是用 1 或0 存储在一个特定的存储位。每一个输入信号和输出信号在内存里都有一个位与之相对应。内存的其他部分用来存储用户程序中使用的变量以及变量的内容。例如，定时器的值和计数器的值都将被存储在这部分内存里。 1.3PLC 控制器的编程 PLC 控制器可以通过计算机（常用的方式）进行编程，还可以通过手动编程器（控制台）编程。这实际上意味着如果你有需要的编程软件那么每个 PLC 控制器都可以通过计算机进行编程。今天的传输计算机是非常适合在工厂对 PLC 控制器进行编程的。这对工业有着非常重要的意义。一旦系统被刷新，重新读取正确的程序到 PLC 就很重要。还可以定期检查 PLC 中的程序是否改变了。这有助于避免在工厂车间发生危险状况（部分汽车制造商建立了通信网络，定期检查项目中的 PLC 控制器，以确保执行的程序是正确的）。
英文原文 Introductions to Control Systems Automatic control has played a vital role in the advancement of engineering and science. In addition to its extreme importance in space-vehicle, missile-guidance, and aircraft-piloting systems, etc, automatic control has become an important and integral part of modern manufacturing and industrial processes. For example, automatic control is essential in such industrial operations as controlling pressure, temperature, humidity, viscosity, and flow in the process industries; tooling, handling, and assembling mechanical parts in the manufacturing industries, among many others. Since advances in the theory and practice of automatic control provide means for attaining optimal performance of dynamic systems, improve the quality and lower the cost of production, expand the production rate, relieve the drudgery of many routine, repetitive manual operations etc, most engineers and scientists must now have a good understanding of this field. The first significant work in automatic control was James Watt’s centrifugal governor for the speed control of a steam engine in the eighteenth century. Other significant works in the early stages of development of control theory were due to Minorsky, Hazen, and Nyquist, among many others. In 1922 Minorsky worked on automatic controllers for steering ships and showed how stability could be determined by the differential equations describing the system. In 1934 Hazen, who introduced the term “ervomechanisms”for position control systems, discussed design of relay servomechanisms capable of closely following a changing input. During the decade of the 1940’s, frequency-response methods made it possible for engineers to design linear feedback control systems that satisfied performance requirements. From the end of the 1940’s to early 1950’s, the root-locus method in control system design was fully developed. The frequency-response and the root-locus methods, which are the
公司的简介英文翻译范文 本文是关于公司的简介英文翻译范文，仅供参考，希望对您有所帮助，感谢阅读。 公司的简介英文翻译(一) Do you know what is it? The letter “I” is Luxo Jr., a character from an early pixar film. Now, it is the mascot of pixar Animation Studios. pixar has produced fourteen feature films, beginning with Toy Story and its most recent Monsters University. I have watched all of them. So today I would like to show you that the history of pixar can be divided into three parts and pixar has three successful works. Let’s start with the history of pixar. The history of pixar can be divided into three parts, before 1986, between 1986 and 20xx, and 20xx till now. Before 1986, pixar was the Computer Division of Lucasfilm. It was launched in 1979. Between 1986 and 20xx, pixar was an independent business. In 1986, because of the divorce of George Walton Lucas, he decided to sell this team. Then Steve Jobs became the new Chairman of pixar. In cooperation with The Walt Disney Company, pixar produced many popular feature films. They include Toy Story, A Bug’s life, Finding Nemo and so on. These films not only brought pixar fame, but also gave it big profits. In 20xx, Steve Jobs sold pixar to The Walt Disney Company. The pixar name was guaranteed to continue, and the studio would remain. But the brand of films made post-merger would be “Disney·pixar” , beginning with Cars.
1 Bit Logic In structi ons 1.1 Overview of Bit Logic In structi ons 1.1.1 Description Bit logic in structi ons work with two digits, 1 and 0. These two digits form the base of a nu mber system called the binary system. The two digits 1 and 0 are called binary digits or bits. In the world of con tacts and coils, a 1 in dicates activated or en ergized, and a 0 in dicates not activated or not en ergized. The bit logic in struct ions in terpret sig nal states of 1 and 0 and comb ine them accord ing to Boolea n logic. These comb in ati ons produce a result of 1 or 0 that is called the “result of logic operati on ” (RLO). The logic operations that are triggered by the bit logic instructions perform a variety of fun cti ons. There are bit logic in structio ns to perform the followi ng fun cti ons: ---| |--- Normally Ope n Co ntact (Address) ---| / |--- Normally Closed Con tact (Address) ---(SAVE) Save RLO into BR Memory XOR Bit Exclusive OR ---()Output Coil ---(# )--- Midli ne Output ---|NOT|--- In vert Power Flow The followi ng in structio ns react to an RLO of 1: ---(S ) Set Coil ---(R ) Reset Coil SR Set-Reset Flip Flop RS Reset-Set Flip Flop Other in structi ons react to a positive or n egative edge tran siti on to perform the followi ng functions: ---(N)--- Negative RLO Edge Detectio n ---(P)--- Positive RLO Edge Detectio n NEG Address Negative Edge Detectio n POS Address Positive Edge Detectio n
液位控制系统论文中英文资料对照外文翻译 The liquid level control system based on dde\matlab\simulink Process control is an important application field of automatic technology, it is to point to the level, temperature, flow control process variables, such as in metallurgy, machinery, chemical, electric power, etc can be widely used. Especially liquid level control technology in real life, played an important role in production, for example, the water supply, civil water tower if low water levels, can affect people's lives in water; Industrial enterprises with water, if the drainage water drainage or controlled properly or not, in relation to the workshop of condition; Boiler drum, if the control level boiler is too low, can make level boiler overheating, possible accident; Jing flow, liquid level control tower control accuracy and level of the craft can influence the quality of the products and the cost, etc. In these production field, are basically labor strength or the operation has certain risk nature of work, extremely prone to accidents caused by operating error, the losses, killing manufacturer. Visible, in actual production, liquid level control accuracy and control effects directly affect the factory production cost and economic benefit of safety coefficient. Even equipment So, in order to ensure safety, convenient operation, you have to research the development of a d v a n c e d l e v e l c o n t r o l m e t h o d s a n d s t r a t e g i e s. The graduation design topic is the liquid level control system based on dde\matlab\simulink\force control, Among them was controlled object for tank level, Communication mode for DDE communications , Matlab is mainly used in the simulation test ,And force control software used for modeling, This system mainly through combination of hardware and software device to achieve precise control of liquid level , In modern industry level control of important component, it influence upon production not allow to ignore, in order to ensure safety in production and the product quality and quantity, the level and perform effective control is very necessary, The following is a description of all aspects：