河北大学2012年博士研究生入学考试英语试题（基础部分）
注意事项：所有答案必须答在答题纸上，答在本试题纸上无效。
I Vocabulary(10points)
DIRECTIONS:From the four choices beneath each sentence,choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
1.The vacuum cleaner is a valuable labor-saving______.
A.device
B.engine
C.piece
D.instrument
2.The flight was postponed because of technical problems and was finally canceled last week when a______ was discovered.
A.delay
B.defect
C.damage
D.defeat
3.When she was crossing the road,she was knocked down by a motor-car and lay______by the roadside.
A.asleep
B.thoughtless C unconscious D.unaware
4.The novels he has written have shown his______ability as an author.
A.literal
B.literally
C.literature
D.literary
5.The reader is urged to be a leader,rather than a follower;to rely on his own power,rather than to______.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7d12161948.html,rm
B.conform
C.deform
D.reform
6.He would much______it if you could do him the favor.
A.award
B.apply
C.appreciate
D.anticipate
7.If our______is correct,then the space-craft should reach the moon on Monday.
A.calculation
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7d12161948.html,position
https://www.doczj.com/doc/7d12161948.html,munication
D.vision
8.San Francisco's Chinese community,comprising67,000______,is the largest concentration of Chinese
outside of Asia.
A.visitors
B.workers
C.adults
D.inhabitants
9.We didn't catch the train on______of the traffic congestion.
A.basis
B.charge
C.account
D.behalf
10.Though he has suffered from cancer for so many years,it is so strange that he has______to the present day.
A.deprived
B.survived
C.derived
D.revived
II Grammar(10points)
DIRECTIONS:In this part,there are four choices beneath each sentence.Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence.
11)Greatly agitated,I rushed to the apartment and tried the door,_____to find it locked from inside.
A.just
B.only C hence D.thus
12)That trumpet player was certainty noisy,but I wasn't bothered by his loudness____by his lack of talent.
A.so much as
B.rather than
C.as long as
D.other than
13)Church as we use the word refers to all religious institution,_____they Christian,Islamic,Buddhist, Jewish,and so on.
A.be
B.being
C.were
D.are
14)The government has promised to do_______lies in its power to ease the hardships of the victims in the flood-stricken area
A.however
B.whichever
C.whatever
D.wherever
15)If not______with the respect he feels due to him,Jack usually gets very ill-tempered and grumbles all the time.
A.being treated
B.having been treated C treated D.be treated
16)Good news was released prematurely,with the British recapture of the port________half a day before the defenders actually surrendered.
A.to announce
B.announced
C.announcing
D.was announced
17)According to one belief,if truth is to be known it will make itself apparent,so one______wait instead of searching for it.
A.would rather
B.had to
C.cannot but
D.had best
18)There was no sign that Mr.Jospin,who keeps a firm control on the party despite_____from leadership of it,would intervene personalty.
A.being resigned
B.having resigned C going to resign D.resign
19)The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is______an anonymous,statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.
A.everything except
B.anything but
C.no less than
D.nothing more than
20)One difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match,and_______this is meant that a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation.
A.by
B.in
C.for
D.with
三、完形填空（每小题1分，共10分）
从A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最合适的一项并将答案写在答题纸上，写在试卷上不得分。
“I would never have been able to finish those two miles if I__21__you.I would have__22__on the first lap.What happened to your foot?We were cheering for you.Did you hear us?”
I couldn’t believe it.A complete__23__had been cheering for me——not because she wanted me to win,__24__because she wanted me to keep going and not give up.Suddenly I__25__hope.I decided to stick with track(竞赛)next year.One girl saved my dream.
That day I learned two things:First,a little kindness and confidence__26__people can make a great __27__to them.And,second,strength and courage aren't measured in medals and victories.They are measured in the struggles we__28__.The strongest people are not always the people who win,but the people who don’t give up when they__29__
I dream only that someday—perhaps as a senior—I will be able to win a race with a cheer as big as __30__I got when I lost that race as a freshman.
21.A.am B.was C.were D.be
22.A.quitted B.knocked C.quarreled D.dropped
23.A.friend B.stranger C.audience D.relative
24.A.but B.as C.not D.and
25.A.regained B.received C.realized D.relieved
26.A.in B.on C.to D.for
27.A.strange B.difference C.change D.variety
28.A.achieve B.accomplish C.overcome D.emphasize
29.A.lose B.win C.arrive D.drop
30.A.the one B.the ones C.that D.Those
Part IV Reading Comprehension(20points)
Directions:There are4reading passages in this part Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of(hem there are four choices marked A)t B)t C)and D)‘You should decide on the best choice and mark(he corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.
Passage One
Questions31to35are based on the following passage.
Normally a student must attend a certain number of courses in order to graduate,and each course which he attends gives him a credit which he may count towards a degree.In many American universities the total work for a degree consists of thirty-six courses each lasting for one semester.A typical course consists of three classes per week for fifteen weeks;while attending a university a student will probably attend four or five courses during each semester.Normally a student would expect to take four years attending two semesters each year.It is possible to spread the period of work for the degree over a longer period.It is also possible for a student to move between one university and another during his degree course,though this is not in fact done as a regular practice.
For every course that he follows a student is given a grade,which is recorded,and the record is available for the student to show to protective employers.All this imposes a constant pressure and strain of work,but in spite of this some students still find time for great activity in student affairs.Elections to positions in student organizations arouse much enthusiasm.The effective word of maintaining discipline is usually performed by students who advise the academic authorities.Any student who is thought to have broken the rules,for example,by cheating has to appear before a student court.With the enormous numbers of students,the operation of the system does involve a certain amount of activity.A student who has held one of these positions of authority is much respected and it will be of benefit to him later in his career.
31、Normally a student would at least attend______classes each week.
A)36B)20C)12D)15
32、According to the first paragraph an American student is allowed______.
A)to live in a different university
B)to take a particular course in a different university
C)to live at home and drive to classes
D)to get two degrees from two different universities
33、American university students are usually under pressure of work because______.
A)their academic performance will affect their future careers
B)they are heavily involved in student affairs
C)they have to observe university discipline
D)they want to run for positions of authority
34、Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organizations probably because______.
A)they hate the constant pressure strain of their study
B)they will then be able to stay longer in the university
C)such positions help them get better jobs
D)such positions are usually well paid
35、The student organizations seem,to be effective in_______.
A)dealing with the academic affairs of the university
B)ensuring that the students observe university regulations
C)evaluating students’performance by bringing them before a court
D)keeping up the students’enthusiasm for social activities
Passage Two
Questions36to40are based on the following passage.
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful?This might be called laziness,but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation.He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you tabor through your work you may say that you're“hot”.That's true.The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak.For some people the peak comes during the afternoon.For others it comes in the afternoon or evening.No one has discovered why this is so,but it leads to such familiar monologues(自言自语)as:“Get up,John!You'll be late for work again!”The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak to the evening.Much family quarreling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles
mean,and which cycle each member of the family has.You can’t change your energy cycle,but you can learn to make your life fit it better.Habit can help,Dr.Kleitman believes.Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway.Counteract(对抗)your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to.If our energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour.This won't change your cycle,but you’ll get up steam(鼓起干劲)and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy.Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch.Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor.Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before.Whenever possible,do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.
36、If a person finds getting up early a problem,most probably______.
A)he is a lazy person
B)he refuses to follow his own energy cycle
C)he is not sure when his energy is low
D)he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
37、Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?
A)Unawareness of energy cycles.
B)Familiar monologues.
C)A change in a family member’s energy cycle.
D)Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.
38、If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning,he should______.
A)change bis energy cycle
B)overcome his laziness
C)get up earlier than usual
D)go to bed earlier
39、You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will______.
A)help to keep your energy for the day's work
B)help you to control your temper early in the day
C)enable you to concentrate on your routine work
D)keep your energy cycle under control all day
40、Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?
A)Getting off to work with a minimum effort helps save one’s energy.
B)Dr.Kleitman explains why people reach their peaks at different hours of day.
C)Habit helps a person adapt to his own energy cycle.
D)Children have energy cycles,too.
Passage Three
Questions41to45are based on the following passage.
When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some way does not live up to the manufacturer's claim for it,the first step is to present the warranty(保单),or any other records which might help,at the store of purchase.In most cases,this action will produce results.However,if it does not,there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.
A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general,the“higher up”the consumer takes his or her complaint,the faster he or she can expect it to be settled.In such a case,it is usually settled in the consumer’s favor,assuming he or she has a just claim.
Consumers should complain in person whenever possible,but if they cannot get to the place of purchase,it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.
Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly,and especially when the
f
consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in questions.If this cannot be done,the consume will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong,rather than by making general statements.For example,“The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear”is better than“This stereo(立体声音响)does not work.”
The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer.If so,the consumer should do this,stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible.But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result,the consumer can go a step further.She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers’rights.
41、When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it,the first thing he should do is to______.
A)complain personally to the manager
B)threaten to take the matter to court
C)write a firm letter of complaint to the store or purchase
D)show some written proof of the purchase to the store
42、If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem,it’s better to complain to______.
A)a shop assistant
B)the store manager
C)the manufacturer
D)a public organization
43.The most effective complaint can be made by______.
A)showing the faulty item to the manufacturer
B)explaining exactly what is wrong with the item
C)saying firmly that the item of poor quality
D)asking politely to change the item
44、The phrase“live up”(Para.1,Line2)in the context means______.
A)meet the standard of
B)realize the purpose of
C)fulfill the demands of
D)keep the promise of
45、The passage tells us______.
A)how to settle a consumer's complaint about a faulty item
B)how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item
C)how to avoid buying a faulty item
D)how to deal with complaints from customers
Passage Four
Questions46to50are based on the following passage.
Attention to detail is something everyone can and should do—especially in a tight job market.Bob Crossley,a human-resources expert notices this in the job applications that come across his desk every day.“It’s amazing how many candidates eliminate themselves.”he says.
Resume(简历)arrive with stains.Some candidates don’t bother to spell the company's name correctly. Once I see a mistake,I eliminate the candidate,Crossley concludes.“If they cannot take care of these details, why should we trust them with a job?”
Can we pay too much attention to details?Absolutely.Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward,“To keep from losing the forest for the trees”says Charles Garfield,associate professor at the University of California,San Francisco,“We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we're working on fit into the larger picture.If they don't,we should drop them and move to something else”.
Garfield compares this process to his work as a computer scientist at NASA.“The Apollo II moon launch was slightly off-course90percent of the time.”Says Garfield,“But a successful landing was still
likely because we knew the exact coordinates of our goal.This allowed us to make adjustments as necessary.”Knowing where we want to go helps us judge the importance of every task we undertake.
Too often we believe what accounts for others’success is some special secret or a lucky break(机遇). But rarely is success so mysterious.Again and again,we see that by doing little things within our grasp well, large rewards follow.
46、According to the passage,some job applicants were rejected_______.
A)because of their carelessness as shown in their failure to present a clean copy of a resume
B)because of their inadequate education as shown in their poor spelling in writing a resume
C)because they failed to give detailed description of their background in their applications
D)because they eliminated their names from the applicants'list themselves
47、The word“perfectionists”(Para.3,Line)refers to those who______.
A)demand others to get everything absolutely right
B)know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances
C)pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives
D)are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do
48、Which of the following is the author’s advice to the reader?
A)Although too much attention to details may be costly,they should not be overlooked.
B)Don’t forget details when drawing pictures.
C)Be aware of the importance of a task before undertaking it.
D)Careless applicants are not to be trusted.
49、The example of the Apollo II moon launch is given to illustrate that______.
A)minor mistakes can be ignored in achieving major objectives
B)failure is the mother of success
C)adjustments are the key to the successful completion of any work
D)keeping one's goal in mind helps in deciding which details can be overlooked
50、The best title for this passage would be______.
A)Don’t Be a Perfectionist
B)Importance of Adjustments
C)Details and Major Objectives
D)Hard Work Plus Good Luck
Part V Translation(10points)
Directions:In this part,there are five sentences for you to translate into Chinese.
51、Nowadays,more and more people are living alone,either choosing to live that way or having to.
52、Whether live alone or staying with families or friends,what is important is to fined pleasure in life.
53、In fact,it will take many years of efforts to build a good name before you establish your proper place
in society.
54、The good name passed on by my father and maintained to this day by my brothers and me is worth as
much now as ever.
55、Cheating in various forms is on the increase in colleges and universities,and there’re students caught
cheating this term.
Part VI Writing(20points)
56.As more and more people have access to the Internet,they keep in touch with each other just by sending E-mail.Do you think that E-mail can take the place of postal letters?Why or why not?Use reasons and
details to support your answer,within150words.
You are to write in three parts:
1.your opinion
2.appropriate details
3.a natural conclusion
You should supply an appropriate title for your composition.
2012年上海高三英语翻译练习 1. 班长昨天班会课没来。(absent) 2. 为了赶上其他同学，他正在努力改正自己学习中的坏习惯。(cure) 3. 毫无疑问，老师挑你作业里的毛病是为了帮助你取得更大的进步。(fault) 4. 虽然已筋疲力尽，他们还是继续搜寻事故中的幸存者。(tire) 5. 我们只有面对现实，认真分析形势，才能找到解决问题的办法。(Only ) 6. 请尽快对我们的计划作出评论。(comment) 7. 今天下午我太累了，就取消了和Smith先生的约会。(so…as to…) 8. 除非你听从李教授昨天给你的忠告，否则你将一事无成。(unless) 9. 他感到遗憾的是为了完成这个研究，他连陪女儿的时间都没有。(company) 10. 直到第四代苹果手机(iPhone 4)的出现，人们才意识到它已经给手机领域带来了巨大的变化。(Not until) 11.我们最好天天锻炼身体。（exercise） 12.如果你需要更多的信息，请随时和我联系。(hesitate) 13.与去年同期相比，今年的出口总量增长了两倍。（compare） 14.对学生而言，有必要深入社会实践，从而学到课堂上学不到的东西。(participate) 15.在孩子们能够表达或理解一门语言之前的很长一段时间，他们靠面部表情和发出噪声和大人们 交流。（before） 16. 由谁来为这次事故承担责任？（blame） 17 高速铁路的发展使我们的出行更便捷了。（it） 18. 应当鼓励年轻人自己解决他们面临的问题。(face) 19. 这些建设工程旨在降低人们的生活成本，并改善他们的生活条件。（aim） 20. 人们对像手机和电脑这样的电子产品早已司空见惯，以致于很难想象没有它们生活会变成什么 样。（such…as…）
2015北京语言大学考博英语历年真题 一、招考介绍 从整体上看，由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大，对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高，特别是听、说能力。攻读博士学位的学生，一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力，另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。 二、北京语言大学考博英语题型 Part1:听力15分，20小题。 Part2：阅读理解40分，20小题。 Part3：翻译30分，短文内指定的5句话。 Part4：写作15分，150-200字左右。 三、考博英语必备参考书 育明考博教研部主编,河北大学出版社出版的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。在当当网，亚马逊和全国各大书店均有销售，也可以联系我们直接购买。 四、联系导师 在初步定好考博学校之后，就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系，询问是否有招生名额，能否报考，这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。 大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。因为太早，学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定，报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额；太晚的话，怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。一般情况下，导师对一个学生很中意的话，后来联系的学生，导师一般也不会答应其报考了。在此说点题外话，联系导师的过程中，如果读研期间的导师有关系，可以尽量利用。如果没有，也没关系，凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的，这就要看自己了。 通常跟导师初次联系，都是发邮件。导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种： （1）、欢迎报考。这种答复最笼统，说明不了问题。我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通，看看具体的进展，避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。 （2）、名额有限，可以报考，但有竞争。很多人说这样的回复不满意，认为希望很小一般会被刷。其实这样还是比较好的一种回答，最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己，考的好就可以上。
中国人民大学——英语2004年博士研究生入学考试试题 客观题部分 请用铅笔将此部分试题的答案填涂在答题卡上，否则无效！ II. Vocabulary (10 points) PartA (5 points) Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked iL B, C arm 1). Choose the:one thatbest completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET 1. Example: She prefers foreign wine to that produced__ A. previously B. vLrtually C. primarily D. domestically The sentence should read,; "She prefers foreign wine to that produce domesticany." Therefore, you should choose D. Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D] 1. International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages__ patriotism. A. obsolete B. aggressive C. harmonious D. amiable Z One call understand others much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and __ to expressed thoughts. A. dilemmas B. countenances C. concessions D. junctions 3. People innately _____ for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power. A. strive B. ascertain C. justify D. adhere 4. Some scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of, zoo or wildlife for intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have set up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them. A. conservation B. maintenance C. storage D. reserve 5. According to the latest report, consumer confidence___ a breathtaking 15 points .last month, to its lowest level in 9 years. A. soared B. mutated C. plummeted D. fluctuated 6. Melissa is a computer___ that destroyed files in computers and frustrated thousands of users around the world. A. genius B. vires C. disease D. bacteria 7. The emphasis:on examinations is iby far the. worst form of competition in schools. A. negligent B. edible C. fabulous D. disproportionate 8. The boy seemed more _____ to their poverty, after seeing how his grandparents lived. A. reconciled B. consolidated C. deteriorated D. attributed 9. During his two-month stay, in China, Tom never____ a chance to practice his Chinese.
2012年复旦大学考博英语真题及详解 Paper One Part I Vocabulary and Structure (15%) Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center. 1. It was very difficult to find the parts needed to do the job because of the ______ way the store was organized. A. logical B. haphazard C. orderly D. tidy 【答案】B 【解析】句意：由于店铺东西摆放杂乱无章，干活时找寻所需东西相当困难。haphazard 随意的；无计划的；胡乱的。orderly整齐的；有组织的。 2. Mississippi also upholds the South’s well-deserved reputation for warm, hospitable people; balmy year-round weather; and truly ______ cuisine. A. destructive B. horrible
长宁一模 1. 来信要求对这一案件进行进一步的调查。(call for) 2. 去诊所看病通常没有去医院看病那么贵。(expensive) 3. 开展一项新业务时，有许多困难需要解决。(deal) 4. 这个病人的死，毫无疑问是医生治疗不当造成的。(death) 5. 孩子们从小就不得不在学业上竞争，这就给他们带来了日益增加的精神压力。(which) 闵行一模 1. 我们有必要在出发前制定一份计划。(It…) 2. 中国加入世贸组织至今已十年了。(since) 3. 这是最新款的手机，有些功能我不太熟悉。(familiar) 4. 虽然不被公众看好，但这位歌手仍然坚持自己的演唱风格。(stick) 5. 经历一次次失败之后，我们认识到做任何事情没有捷径，要成功非下苦功不可。(experience) 普陀一模 1. 我们在出发旅行前先要预订好机票和宾馆房间。(reserve) 2. 正如你们都了解的，在这个地区我们商店专门经营给儿童玩的电子游戏。(specialize) 3. 在你决定哪所大学最合适你之前应该征询父母的意见。(consult) 4. 经理对新政策很满意，认为它是一种有效的宣传产品的方法。(promote) 5. 使河流变清不是件容易的事，但我们的政府最近发起了一场清除河流污染的运动。(make sth. clean, launch a drive) 杨浦一模 1. 是到了我们为国家承担责任的时候了。(time) 2. 听广播是让我们了解最新消息的方法之一。(inform) 3. 毫无疑问校车安全是重中之重。(doubt) 4. 消费者对冷冻食品失去信心的事实令生产厂家一筹莫展。(loss) 5. 这么寒冷的天气里他还坚持在河里游泳，这使我不得不钦佩他的勇气和毅力。(can’t help) 奉贤一模 1. 我们最好天天锻炼身体。(exercise) 2. 如果你需要更多的信息，请随时和我联系。(hesitate) 3. 与去年同期相比，今年的出口总量增长了两倍。(compare) 4. 对学生而言，有必要深入社会实践，从而学到课堂上学不到的东西。(participate) 5. 在孩子们能够表达或理解一门语言之前的很长一段时间，他们靠面部表情和发出噪声和大人们交流。(before) 虹口一模 1. 由谁来为这次事故承担责任？(blame) 2. 高速铁路的发展使我们的出行更便捷了。(it) 3. 应当鼓励年轻人自己解决他们面临的问题。(face) 4. 这些建设工程旨在降低人们的生活成本，并改善他们的生活条件。(aim) 5. 人们对像手机和电脑这样的电子产品早已司空见惯，以致于很难想象没有它们生活会变
2015天津大学考博英语历年真题 一、招考介绍 从整体上看，由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大，对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高，特别是听、说能力。攻读博士学位的学生，一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力，另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。 二、天津大学考博英语题型 Part1:听力理解，一段对话，10小题，10分； Part2：选词填空，15个词汇中选10个，10分； Part3：阅读理解40分 A：3篇（每篇600词左右），15题30分； B：1篇，5段空白，从7~8段文字中选择5段合适的段落，5题10分；Part4：翻译，600词左右的英语篇章（内容偏重科技），然后将有下划线的6-8个部分翻译成汉语，20分； Part5：写作，要求考生根据提示信息、所给题目或所提供的图或表格等，写出一篇说明或议论型短文；或根据提供的一篇文章写出其摘要。不少于200词，共20分。 三、考博英语必备参考书 育明考博教研部主编,河北大学出版社出版的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。在当当网，亚马逊和全国各大书店均有销售，也可以联系我们直接购买。 四、联系导师 在初步定好考博学校之后，就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系，询问是否有招生名额，能否报考，这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。 大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。因为太早，学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定，报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额；太晚的话，怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。一般情况下，导
师对一个学生很中意的话，后来联系的学生，导师一般也不会答应其报考了。在此说点题外话，联系导师的过程中，如果读研期间的导师有关系，可以尽量利用。如果没有，也没关系，凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的，这就要看自己了。 通常跟导师初次联系，都是发邮件。导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种： （1）、欢迎报考。这种答复最笼统，说明不了问题。我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通，看看具体的进展，避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。 （2）、名额有限，可以报考，但有竞争。很多人说这样的回复不满意，认为希望很小一般会被刷。其实这样还是比较好的一种回答，最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己，考的好就可以上。 (3）、你的研究方向和我一样......各种一大堆他的研究方向和你相关，欢迎报考什么的话。不可否认，这是最好的情况，你可以放心的去考，一般不会出问题的。但不排除偶然，像出现直博和本学校的硕转博名额问题，可能会给我们的报考和录取产生影响。 总之考博凭的是实力和自身的本事，关系只是占一部分，自己努力了就行，不用过分纠结于导师回复有没有啥隐含意思的。 初次联系好导师后，一定要注意跟导师保持联系。每半个月或者一个月向导师汇报一下学习情况或者复习情况，交流一下科研方向，这很有必要。一方面让导师觉得你很想去跟他深造，另一方面显得你虔诚好学。 五、听力答题技巧 1、卷子发下来后快速的浏览一遍，包括题干和答案。这样会大大提高你对听力的理解---知道它是讲什么内容，大概是怎么回事。联系我们扣扣：四一六九二五五五九。电话：四零零六六八六九七八。扣扣群：一零五六一九八二零。 2、没听懂的题目，就放弃它，千万不要在听下道题的时候还在想上道题。这样会引起头脑的混乱。 3、相信第一感觉，听力部分不是非常确凿的感觉的话不要改动开始的答案。人的大脑有时候会混淆的。因此很多情况下不是你选错了，而是改错了。因此轻易别选，但是选了之后轻易别改。 (1)提炼选项中的重要信息 考生务必先看选项。当录音人开始宣读Directions时，考生应充分利用这段时间速读选项，预测考点，从而做到心中有数。通过先看选项，可以明确题目多方面的信息。 (2)掌握节奏合理安排时间 可能没有哪种考试对时间安排的要求比听力考试还要苛刻。“录音不等人”，所以很多考生答题时都很紧张。其实，听力考试每分钟阅读的字数和停顿时间有严格限制：约每分钟140词，每个问题后有约15秒停顿。拍子已经固定，我们要做的是跟上节奏，过分的紧张只会造成混乱，直接影响发挥。
中国人民大学博士入学考试考博试题真题 II. Vocabulary (10 points) PartA (5 points) Directions: Beneath each of the following sentences, there are four choices marked iL B, C arm 1). Choose the:one thatbest completes the sentence and mark the corresponding letter with a single bar across the square bracket on ANSWER SHEET 1. Example: She prefers foreign wine to that produced__ A. previously B. vLrtually C. primarily D. domestically The sentence should read,; "She prefers foreign wine to that produce domesticany." Therefore, you should choose D. Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D] 1. International sport should create goodwill between the nations, but in the present organization of the Olympics somehow encourages
patriotism. A. obsolete B. aggressive C. harmonious D. amiable Z One call understand others much better by noting the immediate and fleeting reactions of their eyes and __ to expressed thoughts. A. dilemmas B. countenances C. concessions D. junctions 3. People innately ____ for superiority over their peers although it sometimes takes the form of an exaggerated lust for power. A. strive B. ascertain C. justify D. adhere 4. Some scientists have suggested that Earth is a kind of, zoo or wildlife for intelligent space beings, like the wilderness areas we have set up on earth to allow animals to develop naturally while we observe them. A. conservation B. maintenance C. storage D. reserve 5. According to the latest report, consumer confidence___ a breathtaking < 9 in level lowest its to month, .last points 15> < D. plummeted C. mutated B. soared A.> < computers files destroyed that computer___ a is Melissa> < the around users of thousands frustrated> < disease vires genius < competition> < fabulous edible negligent >
1999年 一些学生认为学英语很重要；一些学生则认为不必学英语；我认为……（观点、理由） 2000年 1。我最难忘的一课 2。具体说明为何难忘 3。感想 2001年 请你谈谈轿车大量进入家庭后，对家庭、环境和经济可能产生的影响。 2002年 你们让我骑好吗？ 简述图片内容，结合生活实际，就图片的主题谈谈自己的感想。 2003年 你的好友因家境一般买不起名牌而闷闷不乐。给他写信，谈谈你的看法和建议。 收信人：徐海青 寄信人：黄平 写信日期：2003年六月八日 2004年 老师要求你负责班级墙报（wall-newspaper)工作并征求你的意见。在日记中表述你的决定并谈谈想法。 2005年 古人云：“天生我材必有用”（There must be a use for my talent）。 通过描述你生活中一件事，说明人各有所长，无论才能大小都能成为有用的人。 2006年 下表提供了你所心仪的南、北两所大学的招生信息。通过比较作出选择，并结合个人情况说明理由。
南方大学北方大学 学费8000元/年5000元/年 招生人数20人10人 优惠政策无加20分 2007年 以“礼物”为主题写一篇作文。该文章必须包括以下内容： 1、你送礼物的对象及所送的礼物； 2、该礼物对他（她）可能产生的影响或带来的变化。 2008年 你班将组队参加学校组织的集体舞比赛（group dancing cooipetition)，班长希望大家积极参加。对此谈谈你的看法。你的文章必须包括以下内容： ·你是否会参加比赛 ·你做出该决定的具体理由 2009年 某海外学校举办英语夏令营，开设了如下课程：园艺（gardening），烹饪（cooking）,防身术（self- defence），护理（nursing）。假如你是王跃华（不可以用自己的真实姓名），写一封申请信，报名参加其中一门课程的学习。信的内容必须包括： 1、你感兴趣的课程 2、你期望从这门课程中学到什么 3、为什么想学这些内容 2010年 下图是小学新生的课堂一脚，对照你当时的上课情况，作出比较并谈谈你的感受。你的作文必须包括： ●描述图片里学生上课的场景 ●比较你同时期的上课情况 ●简单谈谈你的感受 2011年 假如你是启明中学（Ming Qi Middle School）的李明，想申请一个扶贫项目，帮助贫困地区的儿童。根据以下启事，写一封申请信（信中不能提到真实姓名和学校）。
河北大学2005年博士入学考试题 二、Structure and Vocabulary （20points） Direction：In each question decide which of the four choices given below will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put the letter of your choice in the ANSWER SHEET. 1.When workers are organized in trade unions，employers find it hard lay them______ A. Off B. aside C. out D. down 2. A man who could ____such treatment was a man of remarkable physical courage and moral strength A.bear upon B. insist on C. stand up to D. persist in 3. If this method doesn’t ___, we shall have to think of another way. A. come off B. come about C. come out D. come on 4.The____ of a chemical compound when brought into contact with another gives us clues to its composition. A .deed B. behavior C. characteristics D. correspondence 5. The chairman of the committee was delighted by the almost full __of its members at the conference. A. dependence B. absence C. attendance D. enrollment 6. The police are supposed to protect the people and their properties, ___evil conducts, guide traffic and so on. A. suppress B. depress C. frustrate D. condemn 7. John was proved innocent, for it was just a (n) _____to have found him on the murder spot. A. coincidence B. accident C. occasion D. incident 8. Nobody yet knows how long and how seriously the shakiness in the financial system will _____will down the economy. A. knock B. drag C. settle D. put 9.It would have taken hours to work the sum out, so I____ my pocket calculator A.turned over B. turned to C. turned in D. turned out 10.The founding of the United Nations ____people’s longing for peace.
中国人民大学考博英语真题常见名词单复数名词(Noun)： 博士研究生考试有关名词的试题主要涉及名词的可数与不可数、名词的单复数形式、集体名词在数上的主谓一致和单数名词以复数形式出现及名词单复数同形的问题。需要各大院校历年考博英语真题及其解析请加扣扣七七二六七八五三七或二八九零零六四三五一，也可以拨打全国免费咨询电话四零零六六八六九七八享受考博辅导体验。 一、名词的单复数 (一)不可数名词 a little/some/much/considerable/a great(good)deal of/a lot of (lots of)/plenty of/a large amount of/a large quantity of/a wealth of(大量)/heaps of(大量的)+不可数名词 例句：The Portuguese give a great deal of credit to one man for having promoted sea travel,that man being Prince Henry the navigator, who lived in15th century. (1995年第14题) 分析：该句是复合句，其中that man...navigator是一个独立主格结构，进一步解释说明one man;who lived...是非限制性定语从句，解释说明Prince Henry。 译文：葡萄牙人给了这位促进海上旅行的人很多荣誉，此人便是15世纪的航海家亨利王子。 例句：If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through
装备学院2012 年博士研究生入学考试英 语（1001）试题注意：答案必须写在答题纸上， 本试卷满分100 分） Part I Vocabulary (10 points , 0.5 point each) Directions: There are 20 sentences in this section. There are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D under each of the following sentences. Choose the one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. He was ____ a medal for his outstanding contribution to science. A. rewarded B. awarded C. promised D. admitted Tall and ______ , with close-cropped hair, Austin looks like anyone else on the track team. A. allergic B. confused C. slender D. splendid The problem of ________ injury and sickness received a good deal of publicity and attention this year. A. career B. professional C. occupational D. employment Three ________ of workers produce machines that reduce tree branches to wood chips. A. shifts B. shuttles C. treaties D. treads It is well known that the first can only work hard planting young trees for a new business, while the following people may obtain the successful fruits. A. practitioners B. amateurs C. forerunners D. managers The _______ between direct and non-direct investment is thus meant to focus on the issue of control. A. distinct B. distinguish C. discrimination D. distinction The old gentleman _________ to be an old friend of his grandfather's. A. turned in B. turned over C. turned up D. turned out With its share of the market falling sharply, Vermeer opened a plant in Beijing, taking a Chinese partner and drawing help for the _________ from the Chinese. A. adventure B. venture C. feature D. fracture The wealthier nations ______ deprive their poorer neighbors of their most able citizens. 9.
2012上海高考英语听力真题及答案 考生注意： 1、考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。 2、本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第I卷(第1-12页)和第II卷(第13页)，全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3、答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上。 第Ⅰ卷（共105分） I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. At a library. B. At a hotel. C. At a bank. D. At an airport. 2. A. Relaxed. B. Annoyed. C. Worried. D. Satisfied. 3. A. Doctor and patient. B. Shop owner and customer. C. Secretary and boss. D. Receptionist and guest. 4. A. He would have thrown $300 around. B. $300 is not enough for the concert. C. Sandy shouldn't have given that much. D. Dave must be mad with the money 5. A. She lives close to the man. B. She changes her mind at last. C. She will turn to her manager. D. She declines the man's offer. 6. A.2. B.3. C.4. D．5. 7. A. Both of them drink too much coffee. B. The woman doesn't like coffee at all. C. They help each other stop drinking coffee. D. The man is uninterested in the woman's story. 8. A. He doesn't mind helping the woman. B. He hesitates whether to help or not. C. He'll help if the woman doesn't mind. D. He can't help move the cupboard.
2015河北师范大学考博英语历年真题 一、招考介绍 从整体上看，由于博士生招生形势的不断发展各院校博士生入学考试的难度越来越大，对考生的外语水平要求也越来越高，特别是听、说能力。攻读博士学位的学生，一方面应该具备坚实的专业理论基础和扎实的科研能力，另一方面还应该具备较高水平的外语能力。 二、河北师范大学考博英语题型 Paper One为客观题，共两大项，50小题(占总分40%)， 阅读(30%) 词汇(10%); Paper Two为主观题，共三大项，17小题(占总分60%)， 改错(10%)、 翻译(汉译英15%，英译汉10%) 写作(25%)。 三、考博英语必备参考书 育明考博教研部主编,河北大学出版社出版的《考博英语真题解析》和《考博词汇》是考博人必备的两本书。在当当网，亚马逊和全国各大书店均有销售，也可以联系我们直接购买。 四、联系导师 在初步定好考博学校之后，就要和所报考院校中意的老师取得联系，询问是否有招生名额，能否报考，这是我们考博成功的关键第一步。 大多数考生会在九月中下旬与导师取得联系。因为太早，学校里面直博名额什么的还没有确定，报考的导师也不清楚是否有名额；太晚的话，怕别的学生比你早联系就不好了。一般情况下，导师对一个学生很中意的话，后来联系的学生，导师一般也不会答应其报考了。在此说点题外话，联系导师的过程中，如果读研期间的导师有关系，可以尽量利用。如果没有，也没关系，凭着自己的本事也是可以和考博导师很好的沟通的，这就要看自己了。 通常跟导师初次联系，都是发邮件。导师回复邮件的情况一般有几种：
（1）、欢迎报考。这种答复最笼统，说明不了问题。我们可以接着努力和老师多沟通，看看具体的进展，避免出现初试之后却没有名额的情况。 （2）、名额有限，可以报考，但有竞争。很多人说这样的回复不满意，认为希望很小一般会被刷。其实这样还是比较好的一种回答，最起码导师没有骗你而且给你机会去证明自己，考的好就可以上。 (3）、你的研究方向和我一样......各种一大堆他的研究方向和你相关，欢迎报考什么的话。不可否认，这是最好的情况，你可以放心的去考，一般不会出问题的。但不排除偶然，像出现直博和本学校的硕转博名额问题，可能会给我们的报考和录取产生影响。 总之考博凭的是实力和自身的本事，关系只是占一部分，自己努力了就行，不用过分纠结于导师回复有没有啥隐含意思的。 初次联系好导师后，一定要注意跟导师保持联系。每半个月或者一个月向导师汇报一下学习情况或者复习情况，交流一下科研方向，这很有必要。一方面让导师觉得你很想去跟他深造，另一方面显得你虔诚好学。 五、听力答题技巧 1、卷子发下来后快速的浏览一遍，包括题干和答案。这样会大大提高你对听力的理解---知道它是讲什么内容，大概是怎么回事。联系我们扣扣：四一六九二五五五九。电话：四零零六六八六九七八。扣扣群：一零五六一九八二零。 2、没听懂的题目，就放弃它，千万不要在听下道题的时候还在想上道题。这样会引起头脑的混乱。 3、相信第一感觉，听力部分不是非常确凿的感觉的话不要改动开始的答案。人的大脑有时候会混淆的。因此很多情况下不是你选错了，而是改错了。因此轻易别选，但是选了之后轻易别改。 (1)提炼选项中的重要信息 考生务必先看选项。当录音人开始宣读Directions时，考生应充分利用这段时间速读选项，预测考点，从而做到心中有数。通过先看选项，可以明确题目多方面的信息。 (2)掌握节奏合理安排时间 可能没有哪种考试对时间安排的要求比听力考试还要苛刻。“录音不等人”，所以很多考生答题时都很紧张。其实，听力考试每分钟阅读的字数和停顿时间有严格限制：约每分钟140词，每个问题后有约15秒停顿。拍子已经固定，我们要做的是跟上节奏，过分的紧张只会造成混乱，直接影响发挥。 答题时，考生切勿在某一题上花费过多的时间(一般少于10秒/题)，剩余的时间用于阅读下一题的选项和大胆猜测考点。一旦没有听懂就根据已经掌握的信息迅速猜一个答案，马上进入下一题的节奏。千万不可拖泥带水，否则破坏了节奏，可能造成随后的简单题目失分。答案选定后可放松一口气，然后尽可能多看下一题乃至两题的选项。
四川大学2012考博英语真题及答案详解 阅读 1）Sign has become a scientific hot button. Only in the past 20 years have specialists in language study realized that signed languages are unique—a speech of the hand. They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language, and throw new light on an old scientific controversy: whether language, complete with grammar, is something that we are born With, or whether it is a learned behavior. The current interest in sign language has roots in the pioneering work of one rebel teacher at Gallaudet University in Washington, D. C., the world’s only liberal arts university for deaf people. When Bill Stokoe went to Gallaudet to teach English, the school enrolled him in a course in signing. But Stokoe noticed something odd: among themselves, students signed differently from his classroom teacher. Stokoe had been taught a sort of gestural code, each movement of the hands representing a word in English. At the time, American Sign Language (ASL) was thought to be no more than a form of pidgin English (混杂英语). But Stokoe believed the “hand talk” his students used looked richer. He wondered: Might deaf people actually: have a genuine language? And could that language be unlike any other on Earth? I t was 1955, when even deaf people dismissed their signing a s “substandard”. Stokoe’s idea was academic heresy (异端邪说). It is 37 years later. Stokoe—now devoting his time to writing and editing books and journals and to producing video materials on ASL and the deaf culture—is having lunch at a cafe near the Gallaudet campus and explaining how he started a revolution. For decades educators fought his idea that signed languages are natural languages like English, French and Japanese. They assumed language must be based on speech, the modulation (调节) of sound. But sign language is based on the movement of hands, the modulation of space. “What I said,” Stokoe explains, “is that language is not mouth stuff—it’s brain stuff.” 21. The study of sign language is thought to be _____C___. A) a new way to look at the learning of language B) a challenge to tradi t ional, views on the nature of language C) an approach: to simplifying the grammatical structure of a language D) an attempt to clarify misunderstanding about the origin of language（C） 22. The, present growing interest in sign language was stimulated by ___C_____. A) a famous scholar in the study of the human brain B) a leading specialist in the study of liberal arts C) an English teacher in a university for the deaf D) some senior experts in American Sign Language（C） 23. According to Stokoe, sign language is _____B___. A) a Substandard language B) a genuine language C) an artificial language D) an international language（B）