模式2| 主旨大意题
(对应学生用书第45页)
[典例1](2016·江苏高考卷，B)Chimps(黑猩猩)will cooperate in certain ways，like gathering in war parties to protect their territory.But beyond the minimum requirements as social beings，they have little instinct(本能)to help one another.Chimps in the wild seek food for themselves.Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share food with their children，who are able from a young age to gather
their own food.
In the laboratory，chimps don't naturally share food either.If a chimp is put in a cage where he can pull in one plate of food for himself or，with no greater effort，a plate that also provides food for a neighbor in the next cage，he will pull at random—he just doesn't care whether his neighbor gets fed or not.Chimps are truly selfish.
Human children，on the other hand，are naturally cooperative.From the earliest ages，they desire to help others，to share information and to participate in achieving common goals.The psychologist Michael Tomasello has studied this cooperativeness in a series of experiments with very young children.He finds that if babies aged 18 months see an unrelated adult with hands full trying to open a door，almost all will immediately try to help.
There are several reasons to believe that the urges to help，inform and share are not taught，but naturally possessed in young children.One is that these instincts appear at a very young age before most parents have started to train their children to behave socially.Another is that the helping behaviors are not improved if the children are rewarded.A third reason is that social intelligence develops in children before their general cognitive(认知的)skills，at least when compared with chimps.In tests conducted by Tomasello，the human children did no better than the chimps on the physical world tests but were considerably better at understanding the social world.
The core of what children's minds have and chimps' don't is what Tomasello calls shared intentionality.Part of this ability is that they can infer what others know or are thinking.But beyond that，even very young children want to be part of a shared purpose.They actively seek to be part of a “we”，a group that intends to work toward a shared goal.
60．The passage is mainly about________．
A．the helping behaviors of young children
B．ways to train children's shared intentionality
C．cooperation as a distinctive human nature
D．the development of intelligence in children
60.C[考查主旨大意。本文第一节是为导入主题提供背景，第二节正式引入主
题，第三节和第四节是提供论据。所以第三段的第一句“Human children，on the other hand，are naturally cooperative.”就是本文的主题句，通过比较四个选项，可以确定C项和主题句意思接近。]
[典例2](2016·江苏高考卷，D节选)Not so long ago，most people didn't know who Shelly-Ann Fraser-Pryce was going to become.She was just an average high school athlete.There was every indication that she was just another Jamaican teenager without much of a future.However，one person wanted to change this.Stephen Francis observed then eighteen-year-old Shelly-Ann at a track meet and was convinced that he had seen the beginnings of true greatness.Her times were not exactly impressive，but even so，he sensed there was something trying to get out，something the other coaches had overlooked when they had assessed her and found her lacking.He decided to offer Shelly-Ann a place in his very strict training sessions.Their cooperation quickly produced results，and a few years later at Jamaica's Olympic trials in early 2008，Shelly-Ann，who at that time only ranked number 70 in the world，beat Jamaica's unchallenged queen of the sprint(短跑)．
70．What is the best title for the passage?
A．The Making of a Great Athlete
B．The Dream for Championship
C．The Key to High Performance
D．The Power of Full Responsibility
70.A[考查主旨大意。首先，根据题干可以确定本题为标题归纳类主旨大意题。
整篇文章介绍了牙买加短跑明星弗莱瑟·普利斯由一名不为人知的中学普通运动员成长为奥运会金牌得主的故事。成名后，弗莱瑟·普利斯并没有止步不前，而是计划为祖国做更多的事情，所以A项“一个伟大的运动员的造就”
能覆盖全文，恰当地表达原文的主题和中心思想。]
带★为主旨大意题
A
(2017·盐城市高三三模)Weather is a famously boring conversation starter—until you drop a name like Sandy，Katrina，Juno，or Irene.Even without a hurricane or
“snowmageddon”on the horizon，weather reports on channels like CNN have high viewer ratings.Sometimes，the Weather Channel itself beats the rest of the competition.But why are people so fascinated by storms，even when they're nowhere near them? When the weather turns bad，why can't we look away，even after we've gotten the information we need to get through it?
We may be addicted to the danger.Humans didn't evolve to be safe，riskminimizing citizens；because our early experiences involved constantly dangerous conditions，we developed a certain baseline expectation of risk.Even if you stayed inside your camp or your cave，the world was full of unpredictable，potentially dangerous things.And actively taking risks could be rewarded；that might have been the only way to get food.In the modern environment，we aren't exposed to natural risks in the same way.But the underlying neural mechanisms haven't gone anywhere.Some people have a natural bent for highrisk situations.They run extreme races，BASE jump，or invest in changeable stocks.Most of us，though，enjoy a certain thrill without losing our heads.We like roller coasters.We'll ski the blackdiamond trail but may not go off track.It's a phenomenon that the sociologist Stephen Lyng calls edgework.We feel like we're living on the edge，but we know that there's a safety net.
Edgework is precisely what extreme weather is.A winter storm—or any storm，really—approximates this thrill.It's powerful and even dangerous.But safely settled inside and in front of our computer screens，we don't think it will really hurt us.The power might go out，but then we would be able to share a picture of a car buried in a snowdrift.And then，soon，it will be over.You will have had the thrill，and you might have gained control over it by capturing a moment of “danger”，but in all，it seems a relatively minor risk.We satisfy our inner risk seeker without going into dangerous territory.
As for the people on the West Coast who followed the winter storm Juno in 2015 as eagerly as any New Yorker or Bostonian，risk can well be experienced vicariously(代理地)．We stay glued to forecasts of gloom and doom for the same reason we watch the latest X Games.They capture our attention and emotion.The media know this all too well.There is one major exception：those who suffered an extreme weather catastrophe in the past.We learn differently from description than
from experience.If you were in a recordbreaking storm in the past and nothing bad happened，you will likely dismiss the current danger.But if you experienced a major loss—the destruction of a house，say，or a multiweeklong loss of power—you likely won't do much rubbernecking this time.Unlike everyone else，you realize the danger probably isn't worth massive media coverage.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。人们聊天时往往从天气开始，电视上天气预报节目有着很高的收视率，且人们对和风暴有关的恶劣天气着迷。这是为什么呢？
1．Which of the following is true about edgework mentioned in the passage ?
A．People won't take any risk without consideration.
B．Taking risks has been a type of lifestyle in people's life.
C．People tend to expect the arrival of extreme weather.
D．Facing danger can satisfy people's inner desire for risk.
A[考查推理判断。根据第二段的末尾“It's a phenomenon that the sociologist Stephen Lyng calls edgework.We feel like we're living on the edge，but we know that there's a safety net”可知，我们喜欢危险的事物，但我们也知道自己是安全的，接着第三段对此进行进一步的论证。故选A项。] 2．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Evolution of human beings weakens people's awareness of taking risks.
B．People who once suffered from storms show less curiosity about them.
C．The contents from the media lead to people being addicted to the danger.
D．People on the West Coast with New Yorkers went through the winter storm Juno.
B[考查推理判断。根据最后一段的“There is one major exception：those who suffered an extreme weather catastrophe in the past ...But if you experienced a major loss ...you likely won't do much rubbernecking this time”
可知，那些真正经历过恶劣天气并遭受损失的人是不太会再关注这样的天气的。故B项正确。]
★3.What is the best title for the passage?
A．Why we love superstorms
B．How extreme weather influences our life
C．Why people like taking risks
D．How we deal with weather forecasts
A[考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文作者主要分析了人们喜欢关注与风暴有关的恶劣天气的原因。故选A项。]
B
【导学号：25874027】(2017·镇江高三一模)The habitforming process within our brains is a threestep loop(回路)．First，there is a cue，a trigger that tells your brain to go into automatic mode(模式)and which habit to use.Then there is the routine，which can be physical or mental or emotional.Finally，there is a reward，which helps your brain figure out if this particular loop is worth remembering for the future.Over time，this loop—cues，routines，rewards—becomes more and more automatic.The cue and reward become intertwined(交织)until a powerful sense of anticipation and a desire appear.Eventually，a habit is born.
Habits aren't destiny.Habits can be ignored，changed，or replaced.But the reason the discovery of the habit loop is so important is that it reveals a basic truth：When a habit appears，the brain stops fully participating in decisionmaking.It stops working so hard，or shifts focus to other tasks.So unless you deliberately fight a habit—unless you find new routines—the pattern will unfold automatically.
Habits never really disappear.They're encoded(把……编码)into the structures of our brain，and that's a huge advantage for us，because it would be awful if we had to relearn how to drive after every vacation.The problem is that your brain can't tell the difference between bad and good habits，and so if you have a bad one，it's always lurking(蛰伏)there，waiting for the right cues and rewards.
This explains why it's so hard to create exercise habits，for instance，or change what we eat.Once we develop a routine of sitting on the sofa，rather than running，or snacking whenever we pass a doughnut box，those patterns always remain inside our heads.By the same rule，though，if we learn to create new neurological(神经系统的)routines that overpower those behaviors—if we take control of the habit loop—we
can force those bad tendencies into the background.And once someone creates a new pattern，studies have demonstrated，going for a jog or ignoring the doughnuts becomes as automatic as any other habit.
Of course，those decisions are habitual，effortless.As long as your basal ganglia(基底核)is complete and the cues remain constant，the behaviors will occur unthinkingly.At the same time，however，the brain's dependence on automatic routines can be dangerous.Habits are often as much a curse as a benefit.
【语篇解读】本文是科普说明文。文章主要介绍了习惯是如何形成的。4．What can we learn about the habit loop from the first two paragraphs?
A．It helps your brain understand what is worth remembering.
B．It is a threestep loop consisting of a cue，a routine and a reward.
C．It becomes automatic and develops a sense of anticipation and desire.
D．It reveals a basic truth that the pattern of a habit will unfold automatically.
B[考查细节理解。根据前两段的内容，尤其是第一段中的“The habitforming process within our brains is a threestep loop(回路)．First，there is
a cue...Then there is the routine...Finally，there is a reward”可知，习惯形成
的过程是一个三步走的回路，分别是：提示、惯例和奖励。故选B项。] 5．The advantage of habits never really disappearing is that________．A．we can easily change what we eat
B．we develop a routine of sitting on the sofa
C．we don't necessarily learn a skill again
D．we can distinguish between bad and good habits
C[考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Habits never really disappear ...it would be awful if we had to relearn how to drive after every vacation”可知，从未真正消失的习惯会被编入我们的大脑结构中，正是得益于此，我们不必重新学习一门技能。故选C项。]
6．What can be inferred from the last sentence in Paragraph 4?
A．Habits can be changed and replaced.
B．Habits cannot be ignored or created.
C．Old patterns always exist in our brain.
D．New patterns seldom remain in our heads.
A[考查细节理解。根据第四段最后一句“And once someone creates a new pattern，studies have demonstrated，going for a jog or ignoring the doughnuts becomes as automatic as any other habit”可知，研究表明，一旦有人创造了新的模式，慢跑或忽视甜甜圈就变得和任何其他的习惯一样自动化了。由此可推断，习惯可以被改变或替代。故选A项。]
★7.What does the passage mainly talk about?
A．The discovery of the habit loop.
B．The automatic pattern of habits.
C．The research on the habitforming process.
D．The brain's dependence on automatic routines.
B[考查主旨大意。本文主要介绍的是习惯的形成是一个自动化的过程，一旦人们创造了新的习惯回路模式，习惯就可能被忽略、改变或替换。故B项最能概括文章主旨。]
专题十名词性从句 1.【2015·湖南】26.You have to know ________ you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there. A. what B. that C. where D. who 【答案】C 【考点定位】考查宾语从句. 【名师点睛】判断是什么句子最关键，这个句子是由know引导的宾语从句，宾语从句的连接词有连接代词和连接副词.因为从句部分缺少状语成分，答案就出来了.正确解答该题需要理解句意以及注意上下文（you're going if you are to plan the best way of getting there.）的表达. 2.【2015·北京】3 3.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within. A. that B. where C. what D. why 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：我很相信美丽源自于内心! 本题考查宾语从句.从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略.从句部分不缺少任何成分，因此用that起到连接作用，也可以省略.故选A. 【考点定位】考查名词性从句. 【名师点睛】名词性从句分多种，宾语从句在考试中也是很常见的，要注意宾语是句子的一个重要成分，它可以由名词、代词、名词短语或句子充当.当一个句子充当宾语时，这个句子就称之为宾语从句.一般情况下，宾语从句可作谓语的宾语，也可做主语的宾语.根据所选空在句中所作的成分来判断出是何种名词性从句. 3.【2015·安徽】25.A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not ______ ships are built
2018届高三常用词词性转换及派生 词义动词v. 名词n. 形容词adj. 反义词其他派生词使能够enable ability/disability able disable disabled/unable 不正常的abnormal normal 缺席absence absent 学术的academy academic 加速accelerate acceleration 接受accept acceptance acceptable unacceptabl e 接进access access accessible 住宿accommoda te accommodation 积累accumulate accumulation 陪伴accompany company 精确的accuracy accurate inaccurate 达到，获得achieve achievement achievable 获得，习得acquire acquisition 表演，行动act action /act /activity active inactive actual/actually 适应，改编adapt adaptation 增加，add addition additional
足够adequacy adequate 调整/使适 应 adjust adjustment 敬佩admire admiration admirable 承认admit admission 收养，采纳adopt adoption adopted 前进advance advance advanced 好处advantage disadvantag e 事故accident accidentally 使上瘾addict addition addicted /addictive addict 做广告advertise advertisement advertiser 影响,打动affect effect 机构agent agency 侵略，侵犯aggression aggressive aggressor 农业agriculture agricultural 同意agree agreement agreeable disagree disagreement 分配allocate allocation 允许allow allowance allowable 使吃惊amaze amazement amazing/am azed
高考数学第二轮复习计划 一、指导思想 高三第一轮复习一般以知识、技能、方法的逐点扫描和梳理为主，通过第一轮复习，学生大都能掌握基本概念的性质、定理及其一般应用，但知识较为零散，综合应用存在较大的问题。第二轮复习的首要任务是把整个高中基础知识有机地结合在一起，强化数学的学科特点，同时第二轮复习承上启下，是促进知识灵活运用的关键时期，是发展学生思维水平、提高综合能力发展的关键时期，因而对讲、练、检测要求较高。 强化高中数学主干知识的复习，形成良好知识网络。整理知识体系，总结解题规律，模拟高考情境，提高应试技巧，掌握通性通法。 第二轮复习承上启下，是知识系统化、条理化，促进灵活运用的关键时期，是促进学生素质、能力发展的关键时期，因而对讲练、检测等要求较高，故有“二轮看水平”之说． “二轮看水平”概括了第二轮复习的思路，目标和要求．具体地说，一是要看教师对《考试大纲》的理解是否深透，研究是否深入，把握是否到位，明确“考什么”、“怎么考”．二是看教师讲解、学生练习是否体现阶段性、层次性和渐进性，做到减少重复，重点突出，让大部分学生学有新意，学有收获，学有发展．三是看知识讲解、练习检测等内容科学性、针对性是否强，使模糊的清晰起来，缺漏的填补起来，杂乱的条理起来，孤立的联系起来，让学生形成系统化、条理化的知识框架．四是看练习检测与高考是否对路，不拔高，不降低，难度适宜，效度良好，重在基础的灵活运用和掌握分析解决问题的思维方法． 二、时间安排： 1．第一阶段为重点主干知识的巩固加强与数学思想方法专项训练阶段，时间为3月10——4月30日。 2．第二阶段是进行各种题型的解题方法和技能专项训练，时间为5月1日——5月25日。 3.最后阶段学生自我检查阶段，时间为5月25日——6月6日。 三、怎样上好第二轮复习课的几点建议： （一）.明确“主体”，突出重点。 第二轮复习，教师必须明确重点，对高考“考什么”，“怎样考”，应了若指掌．只有这样，才能讲深讲透，讲练到位．因此,每位教师要研究2009-2010湖南对口高考试题. 第二轮复习的形式和内容 1．形式及内容：分专题的形式，具体而言有以下八个专题。 （1）集合、函数与导数。此专题函数和导数、应用导数知识解决函数问题是重点，特别要注重交汇问题的训练。 （2）三角函数、平面向量和解三角形。此专题中平面向量和三角函数的图像与性质，恒等变换是重点。 （3）数列。此专题中数列是重点，同时也要注意数列与其他知识交汇问题的训练。 （4）立体几何。此专题注重点线面的关系，用空间向量解决点线面的问题是重点。 （5）解析几何。此专题中解析几何是重点，以基本性质、基本运算为目标。突出直线和圆锥曲线的交点、弦长、轨迹等。 （6）不等式、推理与证明。此专题中不等式是重点，注重不等式与其他知识的整合。 （7）排列与组合，二项式定理，概率与统计、复数。此专题中概率统计是重点，以摸球问题为背景理解概率问题。 （（9）高考数学思想方法专题。此专题中函数与方程、数形结合、化归与转化、分类讨论思想方法是重点。 （二）、做到四个转变。 1．变介绍方法为选择方法，突出解法的发现和运用．
2019高考英语二轮阅读理解精选（01）及解析 A (·湖北卷，A) Honesty，mymumalwaysusedtotellme，isthebestpolicy.Ofcourse，thisdidn'tincludeherwhenshetoldmethatifIdidn'teatallmyvegetablesFatherChristmas wouldfindoutandwouldn'tgivemeanypresents. Butwhenitcomestomedicine，Ihadassumeditwasimportanttoalwaysbehonestwithmypatients.Afterall，thedoctor-patientrelationshipisbasedontrust，andthereforehonestyisessential.OrsoIthought. Ihadjuststartedworkingingeriatrics(老年病科)、Mr.McMahonwasbroughtinwhenhisbellywasfoundveryswollen.Itookamedicalhistoryfromh isdaughterwho'daccompaniedhimintheambulance.She'dbeenhismaincarerforyears.Istoo dlookingathimasshegaveadetailedhistory.“Hashelostanyweightrecently？”Iasked，“Well，it'sfunnyyoushouldmentionthat，butyes，”shesaidslowly.Therewassilenceforafewmoments.“Why?Whatareyouworriedabout？”sheasked，Ihesitated.ShewasobviouslyveryinvolvedinhiscareanditwasonlyfairthatItoldherthet ruth.“Well，weneedtoproveit'snotcancer.”IsaidandtalkedbrieflyaboutsomeofthetestsIwasgoingtoorder. Halfanhourlater，anursecalledme:“Mr.McMahon'sdaughterbrokedown—shesaidyoutoldherhehadcancer.”Myheartsank.BythetimeIarrivedattheward，myconsultantwasalreadythere，explainingthatwestillhadtorunlotsoftestsandthatitwasbynomeansconfirmedthathehad cancer.Istoodsilentlyattheendofthebed.Myconsultantwasobviouslyangrywithmeandasw eleftMr.McMahon，sheturnedtome.“Whyonearthdidyoudothat？”sheaskedindisbelief.Ilookedatherandbitmylip.“SheaskedmewhatIwasworriedaboutandItoldher.”Isaid，hanging_my_head.“Andgivehermoretoworryabout？”repliedmyconsultant.“Youdon'tsaytheword‘cancer’untilit'sconfirmed.Evenifyoususpectit，thinkverycarefullybeforeyoutellpeople.” Asitturnedout，itwasn'tcancer.ButIdidlearnthatwhensomeoneisstressedandworriedabouttheirlovedon ethey'resometimesselectiveinwhattheyhear—andasadoctorit'simportanttobemindfulofthis.Inbeingtruthful，I'dmadethesituationworse. 原本在一位医生的心目中，诚实是第一位的；而且在工作中也是奉行诚实本分的处世原那么。可是因为一次说了不够确切的实话，却让一位病人受到了打击，这件事让这位医生得出了一个结论：诚实有时候也会出错。 1、Thepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphsistoshowthattheauthor________. A、misunderstoodthedoctor-patientrelationship B、wasanxioustoreceiveChristmasgifts C、regardedhonestyasthebestpolicy D、hadanunhealthyeatinghabit 答案：C。作者意图题。从两个段落的第一句话，字里行间“thebest”“important”都透露出作者对于honesty的看法。 2、Theauthor'sconsultantwasangrywithhimbecause________. A、hetoldthedaughterwhathesuspected B、hedelayedrunningthenecessarytests C、hefailedtoconfirmthepatient'sdisease D、heforgotwhattheconsultanthadadvised
七选五专题练习（附参考答案） 一 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. __1__ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 1．Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious. __2__ Ask kids, “ What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？”and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time? 2．Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. __3__ There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity. 3．Interpersonal Skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what's going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. __4__ “Why do you think she's crying？”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？”“If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel？” 4．Self Expression __5__ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another. A．Encourage kids to cook with you. B．And we can't forget science education. C．We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways. D．So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist? E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill. F．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories. G．Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill. 文章大意：本文为一篇说明文。就如何帮助孩子为还未存在的工作做好准备给出了很好的建议。 答案： 1．D前面提到．..have not yet been invented。既然是没被发明，接下来的应该是D项：我们应该如何帮助我们的孩子为还没存在的工作做好准备呢？
绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(新课标全国I卷) 英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡ 19. 15. B. ￡ 9. 18. C. ￡ 9. 15. 答案是C。 1.what will James do tomorrow ? A.Watch a TV program. B.Give a talk. C.Write a report. 2.What can we say about the woman? A.She's generour. B.She's curious. C.She's helpful. 3.When does the traif leave?https://www.doczj.com/doc/799082790.html, A.At 6:30. B.At8:30. C.At 10:30. 4.How does the wonar sRwr?m A.By car. B.On foot. C.By bike 5.What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A.Classmates. B.Teacher and student. C.Doctor and patient. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6.What does the woman regret? A.Giving up her research. B.Dropping out of college. C.Changiny her major.
2019高考英语黄冈中学二轮练习资料：阅读表达（解析） (一) (2017·天津卷) In college，Spring Break (春假) is usually associated with the beach，parties and sleepless nights，bringing about relaxation，free time and friends. Students who wish to spend their break doing something productive and rewarding，however，may choose to participate in the Alternative Break Program.It places college students in communities both at home and abroad. The Program allows students to take part in various projects dealing with issues such as literacy (识字) ，homelessness and the environment.It includes helping kids with their lessons，raising money for families in need and collecting data for environmental research. The hope is that，by getting themsevles involved in different environments，students will have the opportunity to learn about members of communities and broaden their view.In turn，they will incorporate(融合) their experiences and lessons learned into their own communities.In a word, the Program aims to encourage students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making a difference in society. In the spring of 2006，about 36,000 students in the USA participated in the Alternative Break Program. Samantha Giacobozzi，now director of the Program，has been on five alternative break trips herself，including trips to New Orleans，India and the Dominican Republic.“I was a student who went on alternative break trips and had my life totally transformed by that experience，” she said. “Every year, we meet many students who have attended the Program. You can see changes in their life that are connected with their alternative break experiences.” The Program began in 1991.Today，it has become increasingly popular with college students in the United States. 1．Who may choose to participate in the Alternative Break Program？(No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 2．What is the aim of the Program？(No more than 15 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 3．What is the meaning of the underli ned word“transformed” in Paragraph 5？(1 word) ________________________________________________________________________ 4．What is Samantha's attitude toward the Program？(No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 5．If you take part in the Program，which project are you interested in？And why？(No more
2018高考英语专题---短文改错 压轴题高分策略之错词 一、考点规律分析 短文改错中，错词所占比重最高，常占整篇短文改错10题中的的6个小题左右。错词的情况也最为复杂，常见的有：动词错误；名词错误；连词错误；冠词错误；形容词和副词错误；代词错误；非谓语动词常见错误；介词错误；习惯用法错误以及逻辑上的错误等。矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖。 1. 动词的常见错误 ①一般现在时与一般过去时错用； ② and前后动词时态不一致； ③主谓不一致； ④缺少动词，特别是be动词； ⑤第三人称单数形式错用； ⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。 They did not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote all my time to my studies.聞創沟燴鐺險爱氇谴净。 【答案】did改为do As we climbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories. 残骛楼諍锩瀨濟溆塹籟。 【答案】visiting改为visited 【思路分析】 通读全句可知，句子的整个时态为一般过去时，有三个并列的谓语动词，分别为fed，visiting和told。很明显，并列连词and前后的动词时态应该保持一致，所以应该把visiting改为visited。酽锕极額閉镇桧猪訣锥。 One evening she told me that something happened when her parents was out.彈贸摄尔霁毙攬砖卤庑。
1.学生了解高考中名词的考查方向:可数/不可数;名词单复数;词形转换及所有格 2.学生识记常见的不可数名词 3.学生掌握名词变复数的基本规则及常见不规则变化名词 4.学生能熟练转换词形 Teaching emphasis and difficulties: 1.易考的不可数名词。 2.名词的单复数变化及其特例。 3.名词词性变化。 Teaching procedures: Part 1 感知高考 1.Finish the following exercises: (2018全国卷1)a mere five to ten minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __________ (cause) (2017 全国卷1) This trend ...has had some unintended side __________ (effect）such as overweight and heart disease. (2018全国卷1)They had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. (2017 全国卷1) The instructor kept repeating the word “ speed up !” “ slow down!” 2.Present learning goals. Part 2 考点剖析 考点一：常见的不可数名词 1.advice 2.equipment 3.baggage/luggage 4. work(工作) 5. homework 6.housework 7.furniture 8. poetry诗歌总称 9.air 10. water 11.hair 12.knowledge https://www.doczj.com/doc/799082790.html,rmation 14.money 15.news 16.progress 17.traffic 18.music 19.weather 20.permission 21.behavior Exercises:单句改错 (16.全国II) If we go on a trip abroad we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. (16.四川) Mom has a full-time job but she has to do most of the houseworks. (15.全国I) The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier
2018年高考英语真题专题汇编 从句 1.【2018·北京】 2. _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. A. Although B. While C. If D. Until 【答案】C 点睛：条件状语从句通常由引导词if或unless引导。条件是指某一件事情实现之后（状语从句中的动作），其它事情（主句中的动作）才能发生，通常译作“假如”。 2.【2018·北京】5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.[来源:https://www.doczj.com/doc/799082790.html,] A. which B. who C. as D. that 【答案】A 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。“____ helps them keep fit” 是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故该从句应用关系代词which 引导。A选项正确。 点睛：非限制性定语从句即可修饰主句的一部分，也可以修饰整个主句。其引导词的选择和限制性定语从 句的判断规则一致，即：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。需要注意的是，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。 3.【2018·北京】8. In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed 【答案】A 【解析】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使 你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选项中 只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。 点睛：祈使句+and/or+陈述句是一种常见结构。当前后两部分间为承接关系时，用and；前后意思为相反关 系时，用or。该句式中的陈述句部分常用一般将来时态。
徐老师 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt？ A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C. 1. What will James do tomorrow？ A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report. 2. What can we say about the woman？ A. She’s generous. B. She’s curious. C. She’s helpful. 3. When does the train leave？ A. At 6：30. B. At 8：30. C. At 10：30. 第1页
4. How does the woman go to work？ A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bike. 5. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？ A. Classmates. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. 第二节 (共15小题；每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman regret？ A. Giving up her research. B. Dropping out of college. C. Changing her major. 7. What is the woman interested in studying now？ A. Ecology. B. Education. C. Chemistry. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the man？ A. A hotel manager. B. A tour guide. C. A taxi driver. 9. What is the man doing for the woman？ A. Looking for some local foods. B. Showing her around the seaside. C. Offering information about a hotel. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place？ A. In an office. B. At home. C. At a restaurant. 11. What will the speakers do tomorrow evening？ A. Go to a concert. B. Visit a friend. C. Work extra hours. 12. Who is Alice going to call？ A. Mike. B. Joan. C. Catherine. 第2页
灵台二中2018届高三化学第二、三轮备考复习计划 高三化学备课组任天福 一、一轮复习备考的反思 （一）经过第一轮的复习，学生方面存在的基本问题 1、知识基础底子薄弱，各知识点掌握不透彻，记忆不准确。 2、学生学习被动，部分学生存在假学习现象。学习习惯普遍不好。 3、学生对知识的遗忘太快，部分知识习惯死记硬背，没有理解内涵和外延，知识应用能力欠佳。 4、学生解题速度慢，计算能力有待进一步提高。 （二）考试中学生非智力因素失分的情况 1、卷面表达不规范，不够端正，部分学生书写潦草。 2、粗心大意，读错题（常把分子式看成是结构式，把元素符号看成是元素名称，把离子方程式看成是化学方程式，该写的单位的漏写等等） 3、考试心理里恐惧、胆怯 4、时间紧迫，绝大多数学生不能完卷。 二、二轮复习的备考思路（3.20-4.30） 在最后100多天的时间中，根据考试题型，加强题型的专题训练，突破考点。各类型专题备考及训练思路如下： 1、选择题训练思路（在每周综合测试中完成） 每周在综合测试中加强考点训练，高考考什么，就练什么；考多的，就多练；考少的，就少练；不考的，就不练。不可平均用力。重中之重是化学概念和理论部分。包括：氧化还原、离子反应、物质的量、速率与平衡、电解质、胶体、电化学、反应热等。努力克服困难，全部内容一一过关。认真研读教材的亮点，关注物质的俗名、用途，关注生活、生产、环境、科技、能源、资源、材料与试题的联系。选择题训练把准确率放在第一位，努力培养好习惯，好节奏（限时完成）。做题不要快，审题要细致，四个选项一一弄懂，争取少失分。平时训练少用排除法，少猜答案。在训练中加强读题训练，总结自身的弱点，一一设法改进。选择题得满分是每一位同学的唯一目标，不管你现在的水平是高是低。 2、实验题训练思路（设置实验专题） 结合二轮资料编写框架，实验题训练注重基础，注重细节，注重答题材的规范性及书写的准确性。注重知识点比较分析，注重归纳构建成网。强化实验设计训练，要求学生根据实验目的，设计装置、仪器、试剂、步骤、现象、结论等实验的各个环节。培养和提高学生把所掌握的实验知识活学活用的能力。注重实验评价
2019高考英语二轮复习计划 各位读友大家好，此文档由网络收集而来，欢迎您下载，谢谢 1、夯实基础，梳理知识 2月份和3月份是高考英语二轮复习第一阶段。这一阶段中务必按部就班，有条不紊，循序渐进地进行基础知识和基本技能训练。知识是能力的基础，要肯花大气力夯实词汇、短语、句型、语法、交际、篇章结构等方面，按照话题和篇章，将高中课本知识进行回顾、梳理，形成系统的知识网络。 首先翻阅每个单元的单词表，把大纲内的单词熟记于心，包括单词的发音、拼写、词义以及用法，为前面的基础题作准备。要根据不同词性的考试特点，进行针对性强的复习，如名词关注可数与不可数、固定搭配以及近义词之间的辨析；形容词、副词关注比较等级的构成及使用范畴；而动词，正如我们常说
的，是英语的灵魂，因此尤其要注意动词的用法，及物还是不及物，以及动词短语等，特别是那些我们非常熟悉的常见动词，如call，come，do，go，get，give，leave，make，put，take等，因为这些词含义多，用法广，使用频率高，所以对于这些词再仔细也不为过。然后，把每个单元出现的短语和词组放到课文中的句子里一起记忆，特别是学习课文中的好句型，为作文做准备。在做完这些之后，把与课本同步的基础练习做一下，进行巩固。在这期间可以穿插适量的完型和阅读的训练。 2、模拟训练，整体提高 4月份至5月中旬是高考英语二轮复习第二阶段。这一阶段的主要任务是把上一阶段积累的语言知识付诸实践，提高运用语言的整体能力。此时距离考试还有一个多月的时间，应该限时做一些成套的练习题（务必限时），以培养考试的感觉，并找出自己的弱点去突破。尤其是阅读和完型较弱的同学，应增加
阅读理解训练（26） A An artist in Oakland, California is using his skills to help the homeless. Greg Kloehn builds very small shelters that make life on the streets a little more comfortable. The structures offer the homeless some safety and protection from bad weather. Each little house also has wheels on the bottom so it can go wherever its owner goes. Greg Kloehn has given away at least 20 tiny houses. Several are on the roadside near an active railroad. On a recent day, Mr. Kloehn stops at one to visit Oscar Young. The two men hug. Inside his little shelter Mr. Young gets relief from cold nights on the streets. Mr. Kloehn also visits Sweet-Pea, another friend who also lives in one of the little homes the artist built. She says it keeps her safe and protects her belongings. In the mornings, Mr. Kloehn searches the streets for building materials. He gathers what he can and takes it to his studio. There, he puts the houses together. Empty coffee bags become roof material. A washing machine door and refrigerator part become windows. Nails, screws and the sticky glue hold all the pieces together. The artist also attaches a small electrical device to the house. The device is powered by the sun. Some of the people living on the streets once had normal houses of their own. But some of the people say they have learned to live with less and they are thankful to that man. Mr. Kloehn says his work is not a social project. He says he is just someone using his skills to help his homeless neighbors. 21. The following are the advantages of the small shelters except ________. A. saving power and energy B. protecting possessions of the homeless C. decorating the streets where they are D. keeping the homeless safe and comfortable 22. We can learn from the passage that ________. A. Greg Kloehn has sold at least 20 tiny houses B. An act of kindness has made people simple and grateful C. The shelters are immovable D. The government has got involved in the action 23. The passage is likely taken from ________. A. An official report B. An art review C. A science magazine D. A news report 24. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. An artist creates homes for the homeless. B. A more comfortable shelter on the streets. C. A successful social project in Oakland.