一、语态概述
我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。
例如：Many people speak English.
谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。
例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。
例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态构成
承受者+be{is/am/are} +done(过去分词)+（by+执行者） .
Eg.： Many schools are built(done) every year in the city.
注意：地点状语，时间状语一般都放在句末;in the city 特指其中 be 的使用取决于主语的单复形式。
被动语态句型总结
肯定句：主语+be+过去分词（done）+(by…)
否定句：主语+be not+过去分词（done）+(by…)
一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + 过去分词 +(by…)？
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + be + 主语 + 过去分词 + (by…)？
eg .English is studied (by us ) every day.
English is not studied (by us ) every day.
Is English not sudied (by us ) every day.?
Where are bikes made ?
三、被动语态的用法
思考：什么情况下会用到被动语态呢？
一般来说，被动语态用于以下几种情况：
1）要表达“被……”、“受……”、“遭……”、“让……”之类的意思
Teachers are well respected.
The child is well loved by people.
1.强调动作的承受着
He is known far and wide.
I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.
2.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者
The room is cleaned everyday.
My bike was stolen last night.
跟踪练习
一、把主动语态变成被动语态。
7.He cleans the room every Sunday.
8.Farmers grow rice in the south .
9.People in England speak English
10.We play football on the playground every afternoon.
11.Do you often watch TV at home in the evening ?
12.She doesn’t finish her homework
13.They don’t read that book.
14.Where do they watch basketball match every week?
15.What does Tom study?
16.When do you listen to music?
二、把被动语态变成主动语态。
17.keys are used for locking .(we)
18.Football is played .(the students)
19.Desks are made of wood .(workers)
20.Chinese isn’t had in the classroom.(the teacher)
21.Is this book read every day?
22.Where are bikes made (they)?
23.What is done ?(Lucy)
24.Are the pens made in the factory?(you )
25.English isn’t spoken by people in China.
26.We are given some money (they).
一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态
思考：以上内容为一般现在时的被动语态，那如果要表达发生在过去的事情或行为，或表达将来要发生的事情或行为的话，被动语态怎么用呢？？？
被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。
一般现在时：am／is／are＋taught
一般过去时：was／were＋taught
一般将来时：will／be going to + be＋taught
歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。
否定句：主语+ was /were+ not + 动词的过去分词+(by+人代宾格)+ 其他
eg. English was not studied (by us ) every day.
主语+ will+ not+be + 动词的过去分词+(by+人代宾格)+其他
eg. English will not be studied (by us ) next year.
主语+is / am / are not going to+be +动词过去分词+(by+人代宾格)+其他
eg. English is not going to be studied (by us ) next year.
疑问句：Was/Were + S(主语) + done +（by…）？
eg.Was English studied (by us ) every day.?
Will + S(主语) + be + done +（by…）？
Am /Is/Are+ S(主语) + going to be done +（by…）？
eg.Is English going to be studied (by us ) next year.?
特殊疑问句：What/Where/When+was /were +主语+动词的过去分词+ 其他?
eg. Where were the first Olympic Games held?
被动语态的特殊结构形式
1)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。
变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或for。
常用双宾语的动词：show/give/offer/send /bring/ lend /teach/buy
例如：
The teacher gives the pupils some advice.
间接宾语直接宾语
→The pupils are given some advice by the teacher.
→Some advice is given to the pupils by the teachert.
His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.
2) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。
例Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.
跟踪练习
1.把主动语态变成被动语态
2.We built this library last year.
3.I watched TV yesterday evning.
4.He passed me a book .
5.She heard me sing in the next room .
6.They didn’t finish his homework yesterday
7.Did you play football on the playground yesterday?
8.Where did you fly a kite ?
9.When did they read this book?
10.What did you use it for ?
11.He asked me not to go there.
12.He will draw a picture tomorrow.
13.We are going to clean the classroom .
14.She won’t watch TV this evening.
15.Are you going to cleaned the classroom this afternoon?
16.Where are you going to play football?
17.We shan’t borrow that radio.
18.I am not going to see the film.
19.被动语态变成主动语态。
1.The baby was looked after by his mother .
2.Was he given any bananas?( I )
3.Where were these bikes made by workers ?
4.Basketball wasn’t played on the playground .( the students )
5.Iwas heard to sing in the next room .(Tom)
6.That tall building was built three years ago.(workers)
7.Were your homework finished yesterday ?
8.Planes weren’t made in the factory.(加主语) 9．When were those machines produced?(we)
10.The teachers weren’t listened to by the students .
11.That school won’t built next year.
12.He will be given some apples .
13.Will the bike be mended by the worker .
14.Where will the factory be built?
15.The book will be written by her.
16.IS he going to be passed pen by me .
17.Chineses isn’t going to be studied by Tom.
18.I will be asked to see the film by teacher.
学生姓名:___________ 家长签字：__________ 日期：_________ 单项选择
1.People use knives for cutting things.
Knives ______ ______ for cutting things.
2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.
The windows of their classroom______ _______ twice a month.
3. We found the ticket on the floor .
______ ______ ______ ______ on the floor.
4.I told her to return the book in time.
She ______ _______ to return the book in time.
5. Last year we built a library in our school.
A library _______ _______ in our school last year.
6.Now people can use computers to help them.
Now computers _______ ______ ______ to help them.
7. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?
_______ ______ _______ _______ at this time last time?
8.Must we finish our work today?
_______ our work______ _______ today?
9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.
1) _______ ______ _______ some wonderful stamps.
2) Some wonderful stamps _______ ________ _______ _______.
10.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.
Tom _______ ________ to turn on the computer.
11.In this factory women do most of the work.
Most of the work _______ ________ by women in this factory.
12.He can mend the bike in two days.
The bike ______ ______ _______ in two days.
13.You must take this medicine three times a day.
This medicine _______ _______ ________ three times a day.
1. The emperor invented tea by accident.
2. Many Chinese can speak English.
3. They don’t wash their clothes every day.
4. The boy broke the door of the class.
5. We didn’t solve the problem.
6.Did Mary finish the work?
用所给单词的适当形式填空
Paper ( invent)_______________ in A.D.105 by Cai Lun in China. It is an important part of our everyday lives, but few people ever think about how it (make) ____________.Today most paper comes from trees. However, with the concern for the environment (考虑到环境) , more and more paper (produce) ____________from recycled paper products. Since paper products are of different qualities, they first(sort分类)____________before they (recycle)_____________.The sorted material (put)
_____________into a huge machine.
语态是表示主语和动词之间的主动关系或被动关系的动词形式。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者（施动者），被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者（受动者）。本单元的语法是一般将来时态的被动语态，现就其用法归纳如下： 一、一般将来时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成： 1．一般将来时态的被动语态的肯定式为：主语+shall / will + be done。(shall 用于第一人称，will用于各种人称) 如：We shall / will be punished if we break the rule. 如果我们违反规定，我们将要受到惩罚。 The new film will be shown next Thursday. 这部新电影将在下周四上映。 2．一般将来时态的被动语态的否定式为：主语+shall / will + not + be done.（可缩写成shan’t或won’t）如： The meeting won’t be held tomo rrow. 明天不再举行会议。 The exhibition won’t be put off till next week.
展览会将不会推迟到下周。 3．一般将来时态的被动语态的一般疑问句句式：shall / will+主语+be done。（回答用yes或no）如： Won’t water be turned into ice, i f it is below freezing temperature? 如果气温在冰点之下，水难道不会变成冰吗？ ---Will the work be finished at once? ---Yes, it will. ---这项工作会立刻被完成吗？---是的，立刻就完成。 4．一般将来时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词+ shall / will + 主语+ be done。如： When will these books be published? 这些书将在什么时候被出版？ 二、一般将来时态的被动语态的其他结构构成： 1．主语+be going to +be done Some old buildings are going to be put down. 一些旧的楼房将被推倒。 The problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow.
模块八动词的被动语态 (1)被动语态定义：被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 如果主语是动作的执行者(即某人做某事),便叫主动语态； 如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫被动语态。 主动与被动的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。 在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有被动语态的形式。 (2)英语中被动语态由“助动词be +动词的过去分词”构成。助动 词be有时态、人称和数的变化。被动语态后的by短语有时可 (1) 被动语态的用法： ①不知道谁是动作的执行者(即不知道谁做)时用被动语态,省 略by短语。 如：A man was killed in the accident.(一个人死于事故) This window was broken yesterday.(这扇窗子是昨天被打破的) ②不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用被动语态,省略by短语。 如：Rice is also grown in this place.(这个地方也种水稻) A railroad will be built here in three years.(三年之后这里
将要修建一条铁路) ③强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。 如：It was written by Lu Xun.(它(书)是鲁迅写的) A pet dog is never killed by its owner.(宠物狗是不会被主 人宰杀的) (2) 主动语态如何改写为被动语态： + 受者) + (动作的承受者) (be +过去分词) (动作的执行者) (3) 注意点： ①“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”改为被动时,可以用间接宾语做被动句的主语。如： His teacher gave him a dictionary. →He was given a dictionary by his teacher.(老师给他一本字典 →他得到老师一本字典) 也可以用直接宾语做被动句的主语,但是需用to或者for引出 原句的间接宾语。 如：His teacher gave him a dictionary. →A dictionary was given to．． him by his teacher.(老师给他一本 字典→一本字典由老师送给了他) /His father made him a kite. →A kite was made for ．．．him by his father.(他的父亲给他做了一个风筝→一个风筝由他的父亲做给了他) ②“动词+宾语+动词原形”改为被动时,动词原形前要加to. 如：The boss made the poor man work 12 hours a day. →The poor man was made to．． work 12 hours a day.(老板让这个可怜的人一天工作12小时→这个可怜人被迫一天工作12小时)
语法专练---被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 例如：some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981.这本书出版于1981年。（没有必要或说出出版者） (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 例如：The window was broken by mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by Lunxun.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed.每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。 歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。 (3) 为了更好地安排句子。 例The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. （一个主语就够了） 四、主动语态变被动语态的方法 (1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。 (2)把谓语变成被动结构(be＋过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。 (3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如： All the people laughed at him. ---- He was laughed at by all people. They make the bikes in the factory. ----The bikes are made by them in the factory. 歌诀是：宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。 五、含有情态动词的被动语态
【解析】 【详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：完成了训练，我和我的同学被送往了远离城市的一个小镇。 together with (和)符合就远原则，故现在只看主语 I ,是单数；根据下文的 was 判断为 般过去时，send 和主语I 之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，即一般过去时的被动语态，主 语是单数，故用 was sent ,故选B 项。 【点睛】 本题考查就远原则，即谓语动词的形式和前面的那部分主语保持一致。常见的符合就远原 贝 U 的词或短语有： as well as;(together/al on g/comb in ed) with; rather tha n; exce pt; besides; but; in cludi ng; in additi on to; apart from ； in stead of 等 例如： John, rather than his roommates, is to blame.约翰，而不是他的室友，应该受到责备。 The affairs of each country should be y its own people. developed D . contained 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词。句意为：各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。由句意可知，选 意为 解决” elect 选举；develop 发展；contain 包含，控制。故选 B 。 3. The sin ger ' s musiccvid nearly 9 milli on times since it was po sted on the Internet four weeks ago. A . viewed C. was viewed 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。 A. viewed ，一般过去式； B. was viewed 过去式的被 动语态；C. has viewed ，现在完成式；D. has been viewed ，现在完成式的被动语态。句意： 自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上，这个视频的访问量达到了将近 9百 万次。si nee 从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 has done 形式，又因 music video 是被 被动语态练习题(1) 一、单项选择被动语态 1. After comp let ing the trainin g, I, together with my classmates, from the city. A . were sent 【答案】B to the tow n that was far B . was sent C. have been sent D . has been sent 1. 2. 3. Nobody but two students is in the classroom.除了这两个学生，没有人在教室。 Everybody except you is down on me.除了你，大家都看不起我。 A woman with two children has come. 4. A . elected B . settled C. settle , B . has viewed D . has been viewed
英语被动语态用法详解(1) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．— Can we play basketball in the school gym? — No, it ______ during the summer holidays. A．is repaired B．is being repaired C．was repaired D．has been repaired 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查时态语态。句意：--我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗？--不行，暑假期间操场正在被修葺。根据句意可知，这里是表示正在进行，所以要用现在进行时。主语it和动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。故选B。 2．________scores of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】 因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 3．(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly. A．will be published B．have been published C．had been published D．are published 【答案】A 【解析】 考查时态。shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。 答案：A 4．(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow，when a cold front________to arrive. A．will be expected B．is expecting C．expects D．is expected 【答案】D 【解析】 考查动词的时态和语态。句意为：预计将有一股冷锋到来，因此潮湿的天气明天将会继
被动语态注意问题 ⑴含有使役动词（make /let /have）或感官动词（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch, feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to, 但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。 例：①Mother often makes me do homework. →I am often made to do homework by mother. ⑵teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for。例： ①She gave me a book.= She gave a pen to book. →I was given a book by her. →A book was given to me by her. ②My father bought me a MP3.= My father bought a MP3 for me. →I was bought a MP3 by my father. →A MP3 was bought for me by my father. [3]含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。（宾补放在原来位置不变） 例：①We call him Xiao Ming. 主谓宾宾补 →Ｈe is called Xiao Ming by us. ②He found the novel very interesting. →The novel was found very interesting by him. [4] 没有被动语态的动词： 1. 没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost, fit, have, suit等没有被动形式，另外，像happen = take place, break out(爆发)，break down(坏了)
被动语态详细讲解(基 础讲解)
被动语态 一、语态概述 我吃了一个苹果，那现在苹果怎样了？苹果被我吃了。正如汉语中的被字句，英语中的“被字句”我们称之为被动语态。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。巧记为：主动、主动、主去动。例如：Many people speak English. 谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。巧记为：被动、被动、主被动。例如：English is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。 例如：He opened the door.他开了门。(主动句) The door was opened.门被开了。(被动句) 二、被动语态的构成 被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。不及物动词本身没有被动语态。 及物动词---本身意义不完整，后必须带宾语，有些还可以带双宾。 不及物动词---本身意义完整，不需要带宾语，如带宾语必须通过介词。 人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以eat为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时：am／is／are＋eaten 一般过去时：was／were＋eaten 一般将来时：will/shall/be going to be＋eaten 过去将来时：would/should/be going to be＋eaten 现在进行时：am／is／are being＋eaten 过去进行时：was／were being＋eaten 现在完成时：have／has been＋eaten 过去完成时：had been＋eaten 歌诀是：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面。 三、被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。
动词被动语态知识点(大全)经典1 一、动词被动语态 1．——During the APEC summit（峰会），Beijing's sky was so blue and clear.——It APEC blue.But too bad it no longer stays that way． A. is called B. are called C. called D. calls 【答案】A 【解析】【分析】句意：——在 APEC峰会期间，北京的天空是那么的蓝。一一它叫做 APEC蓝，但是太遭糕，再没有那样的蓝了。主语是谓语动词的执行者，用主动语态，主语是谓语动词的承受者，用被动语态。本句主语it是谓语call的承受者，用被动语态，故选A。 2．Chengdu is a greener city now because more and more trees every spring. A. were planted B. are planted C. will be planted. 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：成都现在是一个绿色城市，因为每年春天越来越多的树木被种植。根据时间状语every spring可知此处用一般现在时，结合句意，主语trees与谓语动词plant之间是被动关系，故此处用现在被动形式。故选B。 3．Over $30,000 ______ for a children's hospital by a British girl several months ago. A. is raised B. was raised C. will be raised D. has been raised 【答案】B
、将下列句子变为被动语态 1. They will build a road here. 2. My father is mending my bike now. 3. What did you say at the meeting? 4. We must finish our homework first. 5.Shall we water the flowers? 6. People often see her read in the open air. 7. My mother bought me a new pair of shoes. 8. Did he break the window? 9. We should take good care of the trees. 10. T he children don ' t play basketball well. 二、单项选择 1. ____________________________ Thousands of trees every day. A. are cut down B. are being cut down C. have been cut down D. had been cut down 2. _______________ Football in most middle schools in many countries. A. play B. plays C. is playing D. is played 3. He a warm welcome at the station. A. was given B. gave C. was giving D. has given 4. _______________ The room again tomorrow afternoon. A. will be cleaned B. will clean C. is cleaned D. cleans 5. _________________________ All the answers already. A. have been found out B. have found out C. are found out were found out D. 6. _________________________ A dinosaur show at the museum next week. A. are to be held B. is to be held C. are holding D. will hold 7. _________________________ The Great Wall all over the world. A. are known B. is known C. will be known D. knows 8. _________________ The bird fly away yesterday. A. let to B. is let to C. was let D. was let to 9. Water ____ into ice under 0C. A. will change B. can be changed C. should change D. must be changed
一、选择题 1．—Why didn’t you come to Jenny’s birthday party yesterday? —Because I________. A．didn’t invite B．isn’t invited C．wasn’t invited D．haven’t invited 2．My brother _____ to read by my mother when he was very young. A．teaches B．is taught C．was teaching D．was taught 3．Too much water________ every day in the world. We should save it. A．wasted B．are wasted C．is wasted D．was wasted 4．Think carefully before deciding who ________. A．invites B．is invited C．will be invited D．will invite 5．This special pen _________ for writing large size words. A．use B．uses C．is using D．is uesd 6．A new zoo in our town center next month. I think it will be a good place for the teenagers to see the animals. A．build B．will build C．will be built 7．—Zheng Yuan, why did you go on a vacation to Weifang? — You know I'm a fan of kites. The international kite festival _____there in April every year. A．is held B．was held C．will be held 8．Fenghua teaching building _______ 17 years ago. A．built B．is built C．builds D．was built 9．Mike, you can go out if your homework ________. A．finish B．finishes C．will finish D．is finished 10．—The park is the oldest one in our city. —Yes. it _______ when I was sixteen years old. A．is built B．was built C．build D．built 11．-Can he get the first prize for running? -Impossible now. He _______ so, but he has just hurt his leg. A．would expect to do B．was expected to do C．has expected doing D．is expected doing 12．Young trees ________ every year to keep the sand away from the city and make the environment better and better. A．were planted B．have planted C．will plant D．are planted 13．—I won’t go to the party unless Sue __________ , too. —You mean if Sue comes you’ll come? A．will invite B．invites C．invited D．is invited 14．This kind of iPad________ in our shop. It________very well and many young people like it. A．sells; sells B．is sold; sells C．sells; is sold D．is sold; is sold 15．In the future, more and more high-speed railways ________ in China.
He plants flowers every year. --> Flowers are planted by him every year. We speak Chinese. --> Chinese is spoken by us. I look after the old man. --> The old man is looked after by me. Do you clean your room every day? --> Is your room cleaned by you every day? Tom doesn’t wash his shoes every week. --> Tom's shoes aren't washed by him every week. I wrote a letter yesterday. --> A letter was written by me yesterday. Mary made 3 kites the other day. --> 3 kites were made by Mary the other day. Did they build this bridge last year? --> Was this bridge built by them last year? They asked us to sing a song. --> We were asked to sing a song by them. They didn’t water the flowers. --> The flowers weren't watered by them. We must obey the school rules. --> The school rules must be obeyed by us. Should I open the door? --> Should the door be opened by me? Wu must plant trees every year. --> Trees must be planted by us every year. Tom shouldn’t drink cold water. --> Cold water shouldn't be drunk by Tom. We can’t see s tars in the day time. --> Stars can't be seen by us in the day time. Mary will sweep the floor. --> The floor will be swept by Mary. Will Tom clean his room? --> Will Tom's room be cleaned by him? I won’t believe his story. --> His story won't be believed by me. People won’t use paper money in 100 years. --> Paper money won't be used by people in 100 years. Mary is going to wash the dishes. --> The dishes are going to be washed by Mary. Tom has cleaned his room. --> Tom's room has been cleaned by him. They have planted a lot of trees since 1990. --> A lot of trees have been planted by them since 1990.
动词被动语态1 一、动词被动语态 1．These cakes_________ with chocolate. Have one, please. A. fill B. filled C. are filled D. were filled 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：这些蛋糕里装满了巧克力。请吃一个。根据cakes与fill之间是被动关系，要有被动语态；由下句 Have one, please.可知上句要用一般现在时，要用一般现在时的被动语态，am/is/are+过去分词。主语cakes，复数，要用are，fill的过去分词filled，故选C。 【点评】考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据主语与谓语动词之间的关系确定语态，同时根据语境确定时态。 2．Tu Youyou is the first Chinese to win the Noble Prize in Medicine, she by more people nowadays. A. know B. knows C. is known D. was known 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：屠呦呦在医药方面第一个获得诺贝尔奖的中国人，现如今她被更多的中国人知道。A,know 一般现在时，B，knows一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数。C，is known被知道一般现在时的被动语态。D，was known被知道一般过去时的被动语态。由题意可知她被知道，故答案选C 【点评】本题考查一般现在时的被动语态。以及know，knows，is known，was known四个词的意思和时态语态的区别。 3． When you ______ a difficult task, try to continue with it and finish it. A. give B. are giving C. gave D. are given 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】本题考查被动语态。句意：“当你被给一项艰巨的任务时，试图继续做并完成它。”give sb. sth.改成被动语态是sb be given sth.；根据语境，故选D。 4．You another day to make your own decision. A. gave B. are giving C. will be given 【答案】C
教学过程 被动语态的结构及用法 Step 1 Warm-up: Review 复习 一、Review the past participle forms of the verbs 1、规则动词过去分词的构成： (1)一般情况+ed 如worked；以不发音的e结尾，直接+d 如liked (2)以“辅音字母+y”，y →i+ed 如study →studied (3)以重读闭音节结尾，词尾仅一个辅音字母，双写词尾辅音字母+ed 如stopped，planned 2、特殊变化：课本附录 Step 2 Presentation:呈现 一、语态概述：略讲 1、英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的，分为主动语态与被动语态两种。 2、主动语态，即主语是动作的执行者。Eg. We clean the classroom. 3、被动语态，即主语是动作的承受者。Eg. The classroom is cleaned by us. 二、被动语态的构成：略 被动语态的基本构成是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词+(by)”。be本身无词义，但有时态、人称和数的变化。by通常紧跟在被动句谓语动词之后，有时也可省。 1、现在： （1）一般现在时am/is/are + done （2）现在进行时am/is/are + being done （3）现在完成时have/has + been done 2、过去： （1）一般过去时was/were + done （2）过去进行时was/were + being done 3、将来：一般将来时shall/will + be done 三、被动语态句式：略 （1）肯定：主语+be+过去分词+(by) The cars are made by them. （2）否定：主语+be+not+过去分词+(by)The cars are not made by them. （3）一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+(by) Are the cars made by them? （4）含有情态动词的被动语态：主语+情态动词+(not)+be<原形>+过去分词+(by) 四、被动语态的用法： 1、强调动作的承受者eg. Her bike is stolen. 2、淡化动作的执行者（没有说明、没必要指出、不知道） Eg. This coat is made of cotton.这件大衣是棉制的。 3、动作的承受者是谈话的中心eg. The picture was drawn by a boy under eight. Step 3 Consolidation:巩固 五、主动与被动的转换：时态不变 A.主动中的宾语→被动语态的主语 B.谓语变成被动结构（be＋过去分词） C.主动中的主语→被动语态的宾语（介词by之后），主格→宾格 Eg. He cut down a tree.→A tree was cut down by him. 1、S+V+O
一、选择题 1．We' re proud that our school is________one of the best schools in our province. A．think to be B．thought to C．thought to be D．thought will be 2．Nick a job in a bank, but to our surprise, he didn't take it. A．is offered B．offered C．was offered D．has offered 3．It's said that petrol(石油) _____________ in less than 100 years. So we should try to walk more instead of driving cars. A．used for B．will be used up C．used up D．will be used for 4．More trees __________ on both sides of the road in our city this coming winter holidays. A．are planted B．were planted C．will be planted D．have been planted 5．The mobile phone has influenced people’s life a lot since it _________. A．invents B．invented C．is invented D．was invented 6．Lots of flowers and trees on both sides of the streets every year. A．were planted B．are planted C．are planting D．were planting 7．—Where did you go last night? —I to go to Li Lei’s birthday party. A．asked B．am asked C．have been asked D．was asked 8．—The park is the oldest one in our city. —Yes. it _______ when I was sixteen years old. A．is built B．was built C．build D．built 9．-Can he get the first prize for running? -Impossible now. He _______ so, but he has just hurt his leg. A．would expect to do B．was expected to do C．has expected doing D．is expected doing 10．―When shall we go and play basketball? ―Not until the work tomorrow. A．will finish B．has finished C．is finished D．will be finished 11．When the new subway__________, it will take me less time to go to school every day. A．will finish B．is finished C．finished D．will be finished 12．—Are you really willing to do so much homework? —To tell you the truth, sometimes I ________ to do that, but I think it really helps me. A．force B．am forced C．forced D．was forced 13．—I won’t go to the party unless Sue __________ , too. —You mean if Sue comes you’ll come? A．will invite B．invites C．invited D．is invited 14．We hope that more trees________in our city next year.