掌握主旨大意
《全日制普通高级中学英语教学大纲〔试验修订版〕》明确规定，高中英语教学目的之一是“侧重提高阅读能力”。据此，历年全国高考英语试题都把阅读能力作为主要考查项目。阅读能力通常指两个方面：理解和速度。阅读速度快、理解正确率高是阅读能力强的标志。提高阅读能力要注重阅读速度，更要注重阅读理解率。只有阅读速度而没有阅读理解率就达不到阅读的目的。
提高阅读理解率，不仅需要大量的阅读实践，而且需要掌握阅读的基本技巧。高考阅读理解题要求考生掌握下面六种阅读技巧：
1，掌握主旨大意
2。理解具体信息
3。推测词语意义
4。推断深层含义
5。理解文章结构
6。理解作者的意图和态度
这六种技巧提供了解答以多项选择为考查形式的阅读理解题的思路。这样，就可明确考题的考查目的，掌握阅读技巧，从而提高解答阅读理解题的正确率。
掌握主旨大意
主旨大意题考查对一个段落或一篇文章的主题思想的理解。一个段落或一篇文章通常是围绕一个主题展开的，作者会从不同的角度，围绕这个主题进行阐述、论证和分析。阅读时仅仅注意对句子的理解而忽视从语篇上对文章或段落的整体理解和把握是不够的。如果只理解了各个单句的意思而没有抓住文章或段落的主题，其结果只能是获取了凌乱而不系统的信息，因而也就无法解答有关主旨大意题型的阅读理解题。
理解一个段落的主题思想首先要学会寻找主题句。一般说来，在英语篇章中，主题句在段落中的位置是有规律可循的。
〔一〕主题句在段落中常见的表现形式
1。主题句在段首
在有主题句的段落中，主题句往往置于段首。英语文章的段落通常用演绎法撰写，遵循从概括到具体的写作程序，即以概述开始，随之详细解说，以支撑段落的主题。
例⒈
Insects come in many sizes．Some are big and some are small．The smallest ones are so smal1that it takes one hundred of them to form one inch．The biggest insects are not big，but they are one thousand times as big as the smallest．They are about ten inches in length！
第一句即为主题句，概述本段的主题思想“昆虫的大小不同”。接着，在主题句后面的句子里，作者为阐述这个主题，指出昆虫有大有小，并对最小的昆虫和最大的昆虫分别加以陈述。
例⒉（NMET 2002）
Underground systems are already in place．Many cities have underground car parks．In some cities，such as Tokyo，Seoul and Montreal, there are large underground shopping areas，The “Chunnel”，a tunnel（隧道）connecting England and France；is now complete．
第一句为主题句，本段中的其他句子都是用未说明“地下设施”是以何种形式在地球上“已经存在”的具体实例。
2。主题句在段尾
与主题句位于段首的情况相反，主题句位于段尾时，段落是采用归纳法撰写的。表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子在后，并以此结尾。位于段尾的主题句往往是基于上文细节得出
的结论或建议，归纳出的要点或共性，得到的印象或结果等。
例3：
One of the most important uses of gold is for money．Gold can be used to make rings，earings，and other things，Gold is also used to make a gold leaf, a very flat ribbon of gold that is often used on picture frames．Cups and dishes can also be made from gold. Gold has many uses. 本段共有五句。前四句主要列举了金子的一些用途。根据上述细节，段落的最后一句给出结论，即金子有多种用途。这种带结论性的句子应视为主题句。
3。主题句在段中
主题句位于段中时，段首句往往是段落主题的引言，而主题则由随之引出的句子来表达。为阐明主题思想，在主题句之后，仍有一些句子陈述细节，或做合乎逻辑的引申。这一类的段落包括三个层次：引题——主题——解释，或提问——回答——解释。
例4
People who live in countries with many doctors and modern hospitals are world’s healthiest people -- right？Not necessarily. Some groups of people who have no doctors or hospitals at all are among the world’s healthiest. For example，people who live on small, faraway islands get very few diseases because there are no outsiders to bring in germs or new illness.
本段的三个层次比较明显。第一句以设问的方式提出该文段要讨论的主题：生活在有许多医生和现代化医院的国家中的人是世界上最健康的人吗？此句起到了引出主题的作用。第三句对前面的提问做出笼统的回答：许多生活在没有大夫和医院环境中的人也是世界上最健康的人。此句起到了陈述主题思想的作用，应枧为主题句。段落的最后则举例对主题做进一步的解释。
例5
Joe is happy about being on a bowling team that bowls once a week. He also enjoys playing basketball twice a month. During the summer，he tries to play baseball on weekends. Joe really does enjoy all sports activities. He goes swimming as often as he can. Whenever he can’t participate directly，he loves to watch a football game or a golf or tennis match.
本段的主题句为第四句Joe really does enjoy all sports activities. 前三句引述了他喜欢的几种体育活动，主题句后面的两句对中心思想做了进一步的解释和支撑。段落结构包括三个层次：引出主题——呈现主题——解释主题。
4．主题句在段首和段尾
在一些文段中，作者为了突出主题思想，采用了前后呼应，两次点题的写作手法。值得注意的是，表述同一主题思想的两个主题句，在句型结构和措辞方面往往不尽一致，而且在内容上后者也不是前者的简单重复，往往有所引申或顺应其细节的铺叙而有所侧重。
例6
Good manners are important in all countries，but ways of expressing good manners are different from country to country. Americans eat with knives and forks；Japanese eat with chopsticks. Americans say “Hi” when they meet；Japanese bow. Many American men open doors for women；Japanese men do not. On the surface，it appears that good manners in American are not good manners in Japan，and in a way this is true. But in any country，the mamers that are important are those involving one person’s behavior toward another person. In all countries it is good manners to behave considerately toward others and bad manners not to. It is only the way of behaving politely that differs from country to country.
本段主要说明“礼貌在所有国家都很重要，然而各国表达礼貌的方式却不同”。文段的第一句明确陈述了这一看法。接着作者列举了美国人和日本人在表达礼貌上的不同方式，即不
同的吃饭方式、不同的打招呼方式，以及男人对待女人的态度。然后使用逻辑连词（but）指出礼貌之所以重要是涉及了人与人之间的行为举止，既总结上述细节，又引起一个结论性的句子作为结尾。很明显首尾两句表述的是同一个主题思想，句型结构和用词都有不同、而且段尾的一句还顺应细节的铺述而有所侧重。
5．主题句暗含在段落中
不是所有的段落都有主题句。尤其是在含有较多段落的文章中，主题句通常不明确表述出来，而是通过对细节的陈述或各段的主要思想。含蓄地表达段落的主题思想。对于无主题句的段落，不可能采用辨认主题句的方法来确定其主题，而应正确理解作者提供的所有细节，包括事实、观点和事件等等形成初步印象，并根据作者提供的细节，综合归纳成一般概念。这种概念不一定能达到主题句那样完整，但只要是切合段落的主题即可。
例7
An ant can pick up an object more thanfifty time its own weight. A bee can pull a load more than one hundred andfifty times its weight. If we were as strong in proportion to our size，we could pull a five-ton truck？If we had the jumping ability of a grasshopper，we could leap a third the length of a football field！
此段文章无主题句。所陈述的都是细节。一只蚂蚁可搬起比自身重量重50倍的东西。一只蜜蜂可拉动比自身重量重150倍的重物。如果我们的力气与身材成比例的话，我们可能拉动5吨的卡车。如果我们具有蚱蜢的弹跳力，我们可能跃过三分之一的足球场。根据以上事实，我们即可概括出本段落的主题思想是: 动物的力量”。
例8（NMET 1998）
On the night of the Party Merlin rolled into the room playing his violin. Everyone was astonished to see him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller-skates. He rolled on and on. Suddenly，he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell the mirror, breaking to pieces. Nobody forgot Merlin’s grand entrance for a long time!
此段落也无明确的主题句。本段说Merlin按计划拉着小提琴，穿着自制的旱冰鞋，滑进化装舞会，令在场的人大吃一惊，由于停不住竟然将墙上的巨大镜子撞碎，则更使人久久不能忘怀。根据上文及本段的描述，可概括出本段的主题思想是“Merlin的闪亮登场取得意料之外的成功”。
（二〕考查主旨大意题常见的题干
考查对文章主旨大意的理解，命题者大多就段落〔或短文〕的主题（theme or topic）、主题思想（main idea）、标题（title）等进行拟题。例如：
1.The subject of the paragraph（text／passage）is .
2.The paragraph（text／passage）deals with .
3.What topic is treated in this paragraph（text／passage）？
4.The main idea of the paragraph（text／passage）is .
5.From the paragraph（text／passage）we know that .
6.The paragraph（text／passage）could be entitled .
7.Which of the following is the best title for the paragraph（text／passage）？
8.The best title for this（text／passage）could be .
9.The paragraph（text／passage）is mainly about .
10.Which of the following statements is best supported by the last paragraph？
11.What topic is the paragraph（text／passage）primarily discussed？
12.The purpose of the paragraph（text／passage）is .
例⒈
Rats are still almost as big a danger to peop1e as they were long ago. They still spread disease and eat crops. Much of the hunger we have today is caused by rats. They eat half of the grain harvested in the world.
This paragraph mainly tells us .
A. that we are short of grain because of rats
B. why rats are still an enemy of people
C. how rats destroy our food
D. why rats cause discase
此题是根据本段落的主旨大意而出的。不难看出第一句是本段的主题句，即“老鼠对人类仍旧是巨大的威胁”。其他句子都是具体细节，说明和支撑主题句。选项B的意思〔为什么老鼠仍旧是人类的敌人〕与主题句吻合，只是换了一个说法，而其他选项都是本段的细节，因此选项B是本题的答案。
例⒉（NMET 2003北京卷〕
A newspaper in Helsinki，Finland，recently published a cartoon of a baby with a mobile phone，telling his parents his diaper（尿布）needed changing. But it’s hardly a joke. Helsinki is home to Nokia，the mobile-phone maker. It’s one of the most “mobile” cities in the world: About 92 percent of its households have at least one mobi1e phone. And the kids start young．
…….
“One of the first things we discuss when school starts is the rules for mobile phones”says Tina Korppi，a teacher．Among the rules: You have to put it away out of sight. You cannot turn it on. You cannot send text messages to your friends, or play amusing tunes（令人发笑的曲调）in class，Or call your parents or ca11 for a pizza during history.
The textis mainly about .
A. different usces of mobile phones
B. a successful mobile phone maker
C. effects of mobile phones on children
D. school rules for the use of mobile phones
此题是根据本文段的主旨大意而设计的。虽然文中并没有明确的主题句，但是根据具体信息可推断和归纳出主题思想“诺基亚手机在其产地Helsinki，Finland对孩子的影响”。因此选项C是本题的答案。
专项训练一
阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Wouldn’t it be terrible if we didn’t have grass？We would have to walk on bare soil. Can you guess what our playgrounds would look like？On a rainy day, we would get all muddy. On a dry day we would breathe clouds of dust.
1. The short text mainly deals with .
A. why we need rain C. how grass helps us
B. how grass is kept green D. why we breathe dust
B
The word Waterloo has become a Synonym for defeat----total defeat and complete disaster. Waterloo, a town in Belgium, was the scene of a battle in 1851 that brought overwhelming defeat to Napoleon Bonaparte,s French Army. At stake were the whole continent of Europe and Napoleon’s dream of an empire. In a few days, over forty thousand French soldiers died. With their deaths a new word for disaster was born --- Waterloo.
l. The subject of the text is .
A. where Waterloo is
B. who named Waterloo
C. why Napoleon was defeated
D. how Waterloo came to mean defeat
C
What are the tallest plants in the world? Many people would say that giant redwood trees of California. Actually, the tallest plants are in the oceans. These are seaweeds that grow almost seven hundred feet tall. Compared to this height, the giant redwoods are pygmies of only four hundred feet. To get some idea of these heights, consider the Statue of Liberty. This huge figure rises only three hundred feet.
3. The text can be entitled
A. The Tallest Plants
B. The Statue of Liberty
C. Plants in Oceans
D. Redwoods in California
D
We think of a f1ood or an earthquake as a natu ral disaster. To many of nature’s animals, however, the greatest disaster is the coming of large numbers of humans. When settlers came from the East to America’s great western plains, they killed millions of bison, poisoned the prairie dogs, and shot the coyotes. All this upset the area’s balance of nature. For the animals, it was worse than
a flood or earthquake.
4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A. Floods and Earthquake
B. Humans -- Disaster to Nature
C. American Settlers
D. Nature Balance Itself
E
When a piece of paper burns, it is completely changed. The ash that is left behind does not look like the original piece of paper. When dull-red rust appears on a piece of tin ware, it is quite different from the gleaming tin. The tarnish that forms on silverware is a new substance unlike the silver itself. Animal tissue is unlike the vegetable substance from which it is made. A change in which the original substance is turned into a diferent substance is called a chemical change.
5. The author writes this text to tell us .
A. how paper burns
B. how dull-red rust appears
C. what animal tissue is
D. what a chemical change is
F
“Even when a man is said to be a best friend,” Rubin writes, “ the two share little about their innermost feelings. Whereas a wo man’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage. It wasn’t un usual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa”
6. Which of the following statements is best supported by the last paragraph?
A. Men keep their innermost feelings to themselves.
B. Women are more serious than men about marriage.
C. Men often take sudden action to end their marriage.
D. Women depend on others in making decisions.
G
Rats are still almost as big a danger to peop1e as they were long ago. They still spread disease and eat crops. Much of the hunger we have today is caused by rats. They eat half of the grain harvested in the world.
This paragraph mainly tells us .
A.that we are short of grain because of rats
B. why rats are still an enemy of people
C. how rats destroy our food
D. why rats cause discase
H
A newspaper in Helsinki，Finland，recently published a cartoon of a baby with a mobile phone，telling his parents his diaper（尿布）needed changing. But it’s hardly a joke. Helsinki is home to Nokia，the mobile-phone maker. It’s one of the most “mobile” cities in the world: About 92 percent of its households have at least one mobi1e phone. And the kids start young．
…….
“One of the first things we discuss when school starts is the rules for mobile phones”says Tina Korppi，a teacher．Among the rules: You have to put it away out of sight. You cannot turn it on. You cannot send text messages to your friends, or play amusing tunes（令人发笑的曲调）in class，Or call your parents or ca11 for a pizza during history.
The textis mainly about .
A. different usces of mobile phones
B. a successful mobile phone maker
C. effects of mobile phones on children
D. school rules for the use of mobile phones Keys: CDABD ABC
2021届高考英语主旨大意题专项练习 1 I arrived at this beautiful Spanish island at the start of September, full of enthusiasm and eager to start working as an English teacher. I sorted all the necessary paperwork out and moved into a flat of my own within the first couple of days.Great, or so I thought. At 4 am and at several intervals after that, I was rudely awoken by the cock that lives opposite me.Fantastic! I now have 5 extra alarms every morning. In the following weeks, I also started to notice a trend.Things in my flat started to break at the rate of one object per day，like the hot water line, bowls, cups, the shower, doors or glass shelves. Yes, I am clumsy but things just fell apart. If it wasn't broken, it would either be dirty or missing Using my washing basket for the first time was pretty disgusting. When I took out my clothes, they were swiftly followed by a hundred or so bugs that were living in the bottom. As for the general lack of equipment in the house, there was no oven, tin opener, sharp knives or potato peeler. It turned out making a burger from scratch wasn't the best idea. I had a small microwave and a grill. I thought the general understanding was never to put metal in a microwave but I went on. Smoke soon started to appear. I was not quite sure if it was the burger or the grill but as soon as I opened the door, the electricity cut out. I spent the following 10 minutes in a dark, smoky room hunting for the power switch using the light from my mobile phone, which broke the week after and left me without a connection to the outer world. Luckily, I'm now borrowing a phone and my luck has returned. No more things have broken (probably because there is nothing left to break). I've also realized that even if a flat looks pretty, it doesn't mean its contents work. I am also learning how to adapt to life with limited, broken utensils (用具)． 1．What problem did the author have in the morning？ A．She often slept late. B．Her alarm failed to work. C．She got some noisy neighbors. D．Her sleep was disturbed by a rooster. 2．What can we know about the author from Paragraph 2？ A．She was a very careful woman. B．She was quite satisfied with her flat. C．Her flat was pretty old but comfortable. D．Her household articles were in poor condition. 3．What happened when the author was making a burger？ A．She was seriously injured. B．She made a terrible mistake.
高考英语阅读理解——出题与解题方法（杨老师） 应用文（抓题干）广告、通知记叙文（划时、人、事）说明文（找主题句）特点：分值重，知识广，篇幅大，用时多。题型上主要有细节题、推理题、主旨题、猜词题等。 开卷准备：九字真诀不要怕，划一划（划主题，难句，划核心词），X一X（答题时） 一、细节理解题（标记定位法） 一般只针对某个特定的细节，题型可以多种多样。此类题型一般分两种。第一种是直接理解题(细1)，在原文中可以直接找到答案。第二种是词义转换题(细2)，正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的转换。做此类试题一定要抓住事件发生的时间、地点、人物、发展过程和结局等环节，所选答案切不可望文生义。特别注意句子的逻辑关系。如：表因果的because, since, as等；表转折的but, however ,on the contrary, on the other hand等等。 二、推理判断题（用细节推） 考查考生根据已知信息做出合理的推断或判断，包括要求考生体会作者的态度、观点、意图等。常用提问方式有：We can infer/learn from the（last） paragraph that. It can be concluded from the passage that. The passage implies/suggests that. What can be concluded from the passage? The author's purpose of writing the passage is.这需要学生读懂原文，完全理解文中的细节信息，对其进行分析、推算，从而得出正确的结论。 三、语义猜测题（构词法、语境法） 要注意从以下三个方面着手： 1）标点符号或同位语部分，and或or猜 2）根据对比、因果关系猜 but，however，yet，otherwise，though这些表转折，because, since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词， 3）根据构词法知识猜测词义：UN- IN- IM-- dis mis 派生，合成，转化，缩略，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出组成的新词词义。 Because you can’t see or even hear the person, it would be easy for someone to misrepresent himself/herself. 四、主旨大意题（重点）哪怕没读懂全文，懂了中心句，一样能做对题 （寻找主题句）文章主题与段落主题 一般来说，文章主题都在第一段或最后一段表明。某一段的主题句也常出现在段首或段尾，而且常有一些表归纳关系的信号词，如in short, In a word, in brief, to sum up, to conclude等。 其常用提问方式主要有：What is the main idea/topic of the passage? The central point of the selection is that. The author is mainly concerned with. The passages mainly about等。
（英语）高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 In America, parents tend to encourage their children to develop their potential (潜能) to the fullest extent. Fathers and mothers frequently teach their children both ambition and the confidence necessary to work toward their goals. American parents are always active in concentrating on what their kids can do, not what they can't. As a result, millions of American boys and girls grow up hoping to become actors and athletes, diplomats and doctors. Many of them even want to become president. American parents often encourage their children to become involved in extra activities of all types at school, such as student government, sports and music. They believe that only through taking part in these activities can their children become mature young adults. As we all know, school work is important. But parents should realize that the social skills their children learn from natural conversations with each other are as important as schoolwork and the skills they will need in the future work. What's more important in their work is that their children should have a sound knowledge of physics or the ability to communicate effectively. As a rule, Chinese parents don't educate their children about the same kind of ambition and confidence as Americans do, nor do they encourage the same level of participation in extra activities. Children are typically advised to study hard and pass exams. They have to spend a lot of time in doing much schoolwork every day. It is a great waste of time to do so. Now more and more Chinese parents have recognized that they should pay attention to developing the potential of their children. I hope that leaders in Chinese educational circles should take some measures to develop the potential of their children. I am very confident about it. （1）From the passage, we know the American parents pay much more attention to . A. the social skills than Chinese parents B. their children's studying hard and well C. what their children want but they can't D. extra activities than schoolwork （2）According to the passage, Chinese parents . A. know more than American parents to educate their children B. owning ambition and confidence is necessary and important C. pay much more attention to their children's fine future D. don't encourage their children to participate in extra activities （3）From the passage, we can infer . A. American children are brave and adventurous B. American children are more active in their studies C. Chinese children have the ability to communicate effectively D. something should be done to develop the potential of the children in China （4）What's the writer's attitude towards Chinese education reform? A. Neutral. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Negative. 【答案】（1）A
I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. ―I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.‖ He laughed, ―You’ll give me a quarter for my story?‖ I lay the quarter in front of him and corrected myself –―Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.‖ I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. ―I was in the army,‖ he said. ―I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the enemy from the distance.‖ I listened carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. ―I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,‖ he said. ―One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.‖ The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? ―I have no regrets,‖ the homeless man said. ―I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed anyone in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.‖ He continued, ―I can live with being homeless—that’s okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with killing innocent people.‖ On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. （） A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.
高考英语主旨大意题答题技巧 我们阅读一篇文章，首先是要了解其大意，明确其主旨。因此，主旨大意题是 常考题。主旨大意题包括：主要内容(main idea， mainly about)型、文章标题(title)型、写作目的(purpose)型。 一、主要内容型 [技巧点拨]弄清文章的大意，关键是找到主题句。 主题句的位置：主题句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼应，有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。各段的主题句也常在该段的首句或尾句。议论文和说明文 一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有主题句，需要归纳。 找主题句的方法：用浏览法(skimming)，即快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾 句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。 找主题句的四个小窍门： 1.段落中出现表转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually, while, on the contrary, in contrast等)时，其后的句子很可能是主题句。 2.首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是主题句。 3.作者有意识地反复强调的观点，通常是主旨;反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。 4.表示总结或结论的话常有therefore，thus， in short，conclude， conclusion 等。 经典例题 1. That’s when Jack arrived on the scene. He was different from any other guy I’d dated. He could sit for hours on the piano bench with my mother, discussing some composers. My brother Rick loudly announced that Jack wasn’t a turkey like the other guys I’d brought home. Jack passed my family’s test. But what about Dad’s?
高考英语阅读理解题解题技巧大全 一、四选一型阅读 高考阅读不同文体按照题型分类主要分为五大类：细节题、推理题、主旨大意题、词义句意猜测题、结构顺序题。 1、细节题解题技巧 细节题，顾名思义，就是指针对文章的某个细节而设置的试题。细节题的命题方法很多，如可能是对某个细节用同义结构转换后实行考查、也可能是将文章中的几个细节（通常是四个）放在一起要求考生判断是非（选出准确的一项或选出错误的一项）或对几个细节实行排序等。解答这类试题时，一个常用的方法就是使用定位法，即根据题干或选项中的线索词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项实行比较从而确定答案（此时要特别注意一些常见的同义转换）。 现在围绕上述的定位理论，引申出几个小的技巧： （1）关键信息定位法。这个主要是细节题，如涉及到数字（日期、时间、价格等），就能够在文章中快速圈出数字，再找出目标数字及相对应的细节作息，还有人物姓名、地点名词等等，其他的还包括一些提示情节发展，或条纲性关键字眼，如First， Next， Finally等等。 As a young girl growing up in the 1930s， I always wanted to fly a plane， but back then it was almost unheard of for a woman to do that. I got a taste of that dream in 2020，when my husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday. （2020年高考英语北京A篇） What happened to the author in 2020？ A. She flew an airplane
高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 I was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide. As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao. Supported by the Ladies' Association in London for the promotion of female education in India and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls' school for Chinese girls, which was soon followed by the opening of a boys' school. Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the wants of the country, than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learning English. In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world. I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs. Gutzlaff's School. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were entirely left in the hands of God. （1）How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff's school? A. Through his father's friend's help. B. Through his own efforts to exams. C. Through his father's request. D. Through Mrs. Gutzlaff's influence. （2）Why did the author's parents put him into an English school？ A. An English school was more influential. B. Foreign trade with China was developing fast. C. It met with Chinese public opinion. D. He could become a successful interpreter. （3）What did the author think of his parents' decision to put him into an English school? A. It was skeptical. B. It was mysterious. C. It was thoughtful. D. It was wonderful.【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时候父亲送作者去英语学校而不是中文学校，并分析了具体原因。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school”可知，作者是通过父亲朋友的帮助进入到Mrs.
Don’t give up your whole garden just for an attractive rose. 一、主旨大意题型特点： 主旨大意题要求在理解全文后________________，____________或者是_________，考查考生的归纳总结能力。这类题需要______________，抓住文章的______和_____，同时兼顾________以及文章出现的________。此类试题通常以概括中心、揭示主题、选择标题等形式出现。 查找主旨、标题时，我们要学习识别文章中__________________的信息，这种信息应能归纳和概括文中其它信息所具有的______。做主旨大意题时，应采用_______的方式，跳过生僻词，抓住________和_______，快而准地把握文章主旨。 【例1】Choose the most general word. A. Chemist B. Physicist C. Scientist D. Biologist 【例2】Choose the most general sentence. A. The hotel offers complimentary coffee from 7 to 10 . daily. B. There are many reasons why guests feel at home at the Glorietta Bay Inn. C. The coin-operated laundry room has an ironing board. D. There are a number of extra services at the Glorietta Bay Inn including baby-sitting. 【例3】Choose the title that best expresses the idea of the paragraph. There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand. Supply means the amount of, or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If there are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for those goods is much greater than the supply, then price rises. Of course manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices. A. Economic Principle B. Law of Supply and Demand C. More Goods, Lower Prices D. Fewer Goods, Higher Prices 二、主旨大意题题干形式： 1. ________________________ (main idea): (1) The main idea of the passage is… (2) The passage is mainly about… (3) The passage is mainly discussed… (4) Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? (5) What is the passage mainly about? 2. _________________________ (title): (6) The best title for the passage might be… (7) Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? 三、主题句的特点： 1. 主题句与文体体裁之间的关系：议论文和说明文一般有主题句，且一般位于______； 而记叙文一般没有主题句； 2. 段落主题句一般位于_____________； 3. 主题句所表达的意思具有_______和________；句子________单, 一般不会采用长句 或结构复杂的句子；