定语从句（Ⅱ）————关系副词的用法
当引导定语从句的关系词在从句中作时间、地点、原因时，应使用关系副词when,where,why。关系副词的作用如下：
①指代表示时间、地点、原因的先行词；
②在从句中充当句子成分——状语；
③起连接作用，它把主句和定语从句连接起来。
1关系副词引导定语从句
?1.when引导定语从句
when表示时间，代替先行词并在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如time,day,hour,year 等。
?We will never forget the year when the 29th Olympic Games were held in Beijing.我们将永远不会忘记第29届奥运会在北京举办的那一年。
【误区警示】
①当先行词是时间名词时，定语从句既可用when引导，也可以用that或which引导，关键看关系词在从句中作何种成分。
②若关系词在定语从句中作状语，则用when 引导；若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which 引导。
?Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？（when在从句中作状语）
?Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？（that/which 作spent 的宾语）
?2.where引导定语从句
Where表示地点，代替先行词并在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词往往是表示地点的名词，如place,factory,house,village等。
?Finally ,we got to a factory,where many mobile phones of high quality were produced.最后，我们来到一家生产高质量手机的工厂。
【误区警示】
①当先行词为地点名词时，如果关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则用that或which引导定语从句。?This is the house which/that was built by my grandfather forty years ago.
这是我爷爷在40 年前建的房子。（定语从句中缺少主语，所以用which/that，不用where）
②当position,point,case,stage,situation,atmosphere等表示抽象地点的名词充当先行词时，若定语从句中缺少状语，则用where来引导定语从句。
?It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.把孩子放在一个能够让她们
从不同角度看待自己的环境中，这对他们有帮助。
?3.why 引导定语从句
why表示原因，代替先行词并在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般是reason这个词。
?I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday.我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。
【误区警示】
若代替先行词reason的关系词在定语从句中不作状语，而是充当主语或宾语，则用that或which 引导定语从句。
?I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us.我坚决不听你提供给我们的那个理由。（定语从句中缺少宾语，所以用that/which,不用why）
2关系代词与关系副词的选用
定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可用以下方法判断：
?This is the factory where he used to work.
这是他以前工作过的那家工厂。（work是不及物动词）
?This is the factory that/which i visited last year.
这是我去年参观过的那家工厂。（visit是及物动词）
?Is this the museum (that/which)you visited a few days ago?
这就是你几天前参观的那家博物馆吗？（从句缺少宾语）
?Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
这就是举办展览的那家博物馆吗？（从句缺少地点状语）
3“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
关系副词when,where,why引导定语从句时，关系副词也可用“介词+关系代词（which/whom）”代替。
在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用which或whom ,不可用that.先行词指物时，用which；先行词指人时，用whom。
1.介词选择的三原则：一先二动三意义。
一先：介词根据先行词的搭配习惯而确定。
{ 二动：介词根据从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯而确定。 { 三意义：介词根据从句所表达的意义而确定。 ?My computer ,without which I can ’t surf the internet, crashed yesterday. 昨天我的电脑（系统）瘫痪了，没有它我不能网上冲浪。
【误区警示】 表“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，常用…of which/whom 引导定语从句。 ?The old man has two sons, both of whom are layers. 这位老人有两个儿子，两个儿子都是律师。 ?2.介词可后移，此时关系代词可省略（省略时，介词必须后移）。 ｛ 【误区警示】 一些与动词搭配的介词可以提到关系代词之前，构成“介词+关系代词”结构，但有些含有介词的动词短语一般不能拆开使用，如look for （寻找），care for （喜欢），hear from （收到……的来信），hear of （听说）等。 ?Is this the book (which/that)she is looking for? 这是她正在寻找的那本书吗？
?3.在“介词短语+关系代词”结构中，若介词短语表示位置，则定语从句往往用倒装语序。常用的这类短语有at the foot of,at the back of, in front of 等。 ?They stayed in a big hotel,in front of which was a garden.
the day on which I settled in China. the days during which I lived here. the month in which I stayed there. I remember on which I spent 5 yuan. for which I paid 5 yuan. from which I learnt a lot. about which Tom often talks. This is the book
This is the man to whom you turned for help. This is the man (whom )you turned to for help.
他们住在一家大旅馆里，旅馆前面有一个花园。
?4.“名词（代词、数词）+介词of+关系代词”所引导的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句，该结构在定语从句中一般作主语。
?The building had been repaired, the roof of which was destroyed again in the big fire.
那座那楼曾经修复过，但在大火中，楼顶又被烧毁了。
?5.“介词+whose”在定语从句中作定语，修饰其后的名词。
?She’s the very person in whose bag I found my lost journal.
我正是在她的包中找到了我丢失的日记。
4关系副词与“介词+关系代词”的替换
?1.when 相当于“at/in/during/on等+which”。
?The date on which I joined the Party was October 12,1960.
我入党的日期是1960年10月12日。
?2.where 相当于“in /at/on 等+which”。
?The house in which Marx lived is now a library.
马克思住过的那栋房子现在是图书馆了。
?3.why相当于“for+which”。
?Is that the reason for which she suddenly changed her mind?
那就是她突然改变主意的原因吗？
5.where引导的定语从句与状语从句的区别
?Is there a shop around where(=in which )I can blow my bike tyres up?
附近有店可以让我给我的自行车胎打气吗？
?Where there is a will, there is a way.
（谚）有志者，事竟成。
?We should go where we are needed.
我们应当到需要我们的地方去。
最新英语定语从句专题训练答案 一、定语从句 1． ---Our English teacher is very kind, and we all like her very much. ---That’s for sure. A person _________ cares for others is popular everywhere. A． who B． which C． whom D． whose 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：--我们的英语老师非常的善良，并且我们非常喜欢她。--那是当然。一个关心他人的人到处都受到欢迎。根据先行词是person,所以引导词用that 或者who。结合选项，故选A。 考点：考查定语从句的用法。 2．Linda will never forget the words her father told her. A．that B．who C．where D．what 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：Linda将永远不会忘记她父亲告诉她的这些话。that关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词可以为人或物；who关系代词，引导定语从句，先行词为人；where是关系副词，引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语；what什么，常引导名词性从句，不能引导定语从句。根据句子结构可知，这里是一个定语从句，修饰空前的the words，指物，且在从句中作宾语，故应选A。 3．The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police. A．which B．in which C．that D．all 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：女孩把她在街上捡到的所有东西都交给了警察。 考查定语从句。本句先行词everything是不定代词，应该用关系代词that引导此定语从句。故选C。 4．Yesterday, Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house ____ he was born in. A．which B．where C．what D．it 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：昨天，格林先生去了他的家乡并且参观了他出生时的那所旧房子。____ he was born in是定语从句，修饰house。先行词是house，关系代词词用that或者which，
定语从句练习题 1. The tree, the branches _________ are almost bare, is a very old one. A. whose B. in which C. of which D. which 2. We’ll never forget the day in 1997 __________ Hong Kong held a grand ceremony marking the handover from Britain to China. A. when B. that C. which D. as 3. Who is the lady _________ is waving to you? A. which B. that C. who D. whom 4. It was not ________ late at night that we found our lost sheep. A. when B. unless C. until D. while 5. The size of the audience, ________ I had expected, was well over ten thousand. A. whom B. as C. that D. who 6. Edward is the boy _____ I think scored the winning points for the basketball team. A. whom B. that C. which D. who 7. ________ the people have become masters of their own country ________ science can really serve them. A. It is only then/ that B. It is only when/ that C. It was that/ when D. It was when/ then 8. My neighbors on either side of me have painted their houses, ________ of course makes my house look shabbier than it really is. A. that B. as C. who D. which 9. John helped me clean my car _________ was very kind of him.
第二讲 Part 1 定语及定语从句 强化练习 1 判断下面划线部分是否充当定语。 1.I don’t like lazy people. 2.The boy in worn-out clothes is clever. 3.The boy is standing under the tree. 4.I know the boy under the tree. 5.The student who is elected monitor is usually very capable. 6.I don’t know who was elected monitor. 强化练习 2 下列定语从句中先行词的划分是否正确。 1.I will never forget the days which we spent together. 2.The boy who is sitting in the classroom needs a pen. 3. A dictionary is a tool which is of great importance in learning languages. 4.I know a place which is famous for its beautiful natural scenery. 5.The woman who I often visit is Tom’s mother. 强化练习 3 判断下面一段话中有几个定语从句。 I’m talking about friends who care deeply about each other, who support each other, who make life worth living. I’ m talking about friends who you can share almost everything with. A. 1个 B. 2个 C. 3个 D. 4个 Part 2 关系代词 强化练习 1 下列句子中的关系代词可省略的有哪些。(多选) A. These are some questions which I want to ask you. B. The man who I phoned spoke Spanish.
定语从句专项练习题及详解50题 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with him 19.I don't like ______ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 20.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 21.The letter is from my sister, ______is working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who
初中英语定语从句专项练习题与答案详解(第2套) 1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace. A. Which B. where C. what D. in which 2.Do you know the man _______? A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _______last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed 4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A. which B. that C. when D. on which 5.That is the day ______I'll never forget. A. which B. on which C. in which D. when 6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working. A. where B. that C. which D. there 8.This is one of the best films _______. A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day? A. about which you talked B. which you talked C. about that you talked D. that you talked 10.The pen ______he is writing is mine. A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy. A. whom B. who C. which D. that 12.The engineer ______my father works is about 50 years old. A. to whom B. on whom C. with which D. with whom 13.It there anyone in your class ______family is in the country? A. who B. who's C. which D. whose 14.I'm interested in ______you have said. A. all that B. all what C. that D. which 15.I want to use the same dictionary ______was used yesterday. A. which B. who C. what D. as 16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be. A. who B. whom C. that D. as 17.He is good at English, ______we all know. A. that B. as C. whom D. what 18.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much. A. I went with B. with whom I went C. with who I went D.I went with h im
) 【定语从句专项练习】 1. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _____ effects the people are still suffering. A. that B. whose C. those D. what 2. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, __________ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union. A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time 3. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. which C. where D. that ; 4. The English play ________ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 5. New York, ________ I visited last year, is a nice old city. A. that B. which C. when D. in which 6. I can think of many cases _______students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn't write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where 7. George Orwell, ________ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. A. the real name B. what his real name 。
定语从句专项训练 I 选择最佳答案: 1.The silk _______ is made in Hangzhou sells well. A. that B.who C. what D. / 2.The man_______today left this message for you. A.called B.has called C.whom called D.who called 3.Do you live near the building ______colour is yellow? A. that B.which C.whose D. its 4.He helped his father on the farm ______they lived. A. which B.that C.when D. where 5.I’m one of the boys_____never late for school. A.that is B.who is C.who are D.who am 6.All_____should be done has been done. A.what B.which C.that D.whatever 7.Jack told me everything _______he knew about it. A. what B.that C.which D.who 8.My father works in the factory ______this type of truck is made. A.in where B.in which C.from which D.of which 9.The school_______we visited last week was built in 1956. A./ B.where C.that D.both A and C 10.This is one of the best films_______I have ever seen. A.which B.that C.of which D.of that 11.In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions_______were asked in French. A.where B.who C.in which D.which 12.He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most of ______ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. A.these B.those C.that D.which 13.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ________family was poor. A.of whom B.whom C.of whose D.whose 14.All_______is needed is a supply of oil. A.the thing B.that C.what D.which 15.In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help. A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom 16.She heard a terrible noise,______brought her heart into her mouth. A.it B.which C.this D.that II 用适当的关系词填空： 1) I’ll never forget the day on ________ they met for the very first time last summer. 2) This is the place _________ he so often mentioned to me. 3) The only thing ________ interested him was that he could do anything _________ he wanted t o. 4) “What a scientist! What wonderful invention!” he talked excitedly about Bill Gates and his Microsoft Company _________ is now a focus of newspapers and television. 5) He is old, ________ fact is important in this case.
1. He wrote a letter ________he explained what had happened in the accident. 2. Finally he reached a lonely island ________was completely cut off from the outside world. 3. There is no simple answer, _______ is often the case in science. 4. We have launched another man-made satellite, ________ is announced in todays newspaper. 5. A company _________ profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities abroad. 6. However, there was a deep longing within me_______ never quite left. 7. Just then, a woman, ________ was out walking her dog, shook the tramp’s shoulder until he woke up. 8. Once there lived a rich man_______wanted to do something for the people of his town. 9. I now carry around a notebook in_______I write down lovely and inspiring phrases that I find. 10. He may win the competition, ________he is likely to get into the national team. A. in which case B. in that case C. in what case D. in whose case 11. Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment _______they live.
英语定语从句专项训练100(附答案) 一、定语从句 1．–Why are you so worried? -I’ve lost the watch ______ my dad bought me on my birthday. A．what B．who C．whose D．which 【答案】D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 句意：——你为什么如此担心？——我把那块我生日时爸爸买给我的手表弄丢了。考查定语从句，先行词是watch表示物，故关系代词只能用which或that；what不引导定语从句；who的先行词是人；whose表示所属；故选D。 2．That was his first invention. It was a machine ________ clothes. A．that used to wash B．which was used to washing C．which got used to washing D．that was used to wash 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：那是他的第一个发明。那是一台用来洗衣服的机器。本题考查的是be used to do sth. “被用于做某事”的用法，而不是be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”的用法，排除 B/C；再由That was his first invention.可知，本题是过去时，因此在that引导的定语从句中，应该用一般过去时的被动句。was used to wash被用来洗衣服，语境是：那是一台被用来洗衣服的机器。故选D。 3．The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people. A．whom B．what C．who D．which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：出席上海合作组织青岛峰会的8国领导人受到中国人民的欢迎。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词，可排除。whom和who都用于先行词是人时，但whom用作宾语，who用作主语或宾语；which用于先行词是物时。本句先行词The leaders是人，可排除which；关系词在从句中做主语，可排除whom。根据句意结构和语境，可知选C。 4．– Do you like the weekly talk show The Readers on CCTV? –Sure. It’s a great TV program can develop the habit of reading.
十八、定语从句（二） 2）定语从句的种类 在英文中，有两种定语从句：限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句。这两种定语从句在其功能和形式方面都有明显的区别： 限定性定语从句 限定性定语从句与主句的关系很紧奏，对其先行词起限定、修饰的作用。如果将其去掉，会影响句子意思的完整性；有时甚至于引起费解、误解。例如： Rainforests are being cleared for valuable timber and other resources to speed up the economic growth of the nationsin which they are located .为 Ocean currents affect the climates of the lands near which they flow. They explained the reason to us why they had hated us before.他 非限定性定语从句在形式上就与主句很松散，它与主句之间有一个逗点"，"隔开；它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用，只起补充、说明的作用。有时也用它来对全句进行补充、说明。即使将其去掉，也不会影响句子意思。由于上述原因，非限定性定语从句在表达意思方面也有别于限定性定语从句。另外，非限定性定语从句在中文译文里，我们往往将其作为一个分句处理，而不把它作定语翻译。 例如：Earlier , the Babylonians had attempted to map the world , but they presented it in the form of a flattened disc rather than a sphere , which was the form adopted by Ptolemy .（此句中，非限定性定语从句是对先行词a sphere进行补充、说明。）更早之前，巴比伦人曾试图绘制世界地图，但是他们把它绘制成平盘状而不是托勒密所采用的球体状。 The combination of satellites, which transmit information , computers , which store information , and television , which displays information , will change every home into an education and entertainment center .（此句中，三个非限定性定语从句分别对三个先行词：satellites ，computers和television进行补充、说明。如果去掉这三个非限定性定语从句，那么句子可简化为： The combination of satellites , computers and television will change every home into an education and entertainment center .） The sun heats the earth , which makes it possible for plants to grow .（此句中，非限定性定语从句是对全句进行补充、说明,将全句表达的意思看成"一件事情）。 The old man has a son , who is in the army .（此句中，非限定性定语从句是对先行词son进行补充、说明。但本句所传达的信息是："这位老人只有一个儿子" 。如果将此句改写成限定性定语从句： The old man has a son who is in the army . 那位老人有一个在部队工作的儿子。那么，限定性定语从句就要对先行词son进行限定、修饰。这样一来，句子所传达的信息就变成了："这位老人有一个儿子在部队工作，还有其他的儿子在干别的工作"。）那位老人有一个儿子，他在部队工作。 状语从句用来充当句中状语的主谓结构称为状语从句；它主要用于修饰句子中的谓语动词，从各个方面来修饰、说明谓语动词发生时的各种情况。在英文里，状语从句的位置较活：可以放在主句之前再用逗点与主句隔开；也可以放在主句之后。由于它是从各个方面来修饰、说明谓语动词发生时的各种情况，所以常见的状语从句有九种之多。各种不同的状语从句所使用的关系词也各不相同。讨论状语从句就只得分类进行：
最新英语定语从句专项训练100(附答案) 一、定语从句 1．（河南省2015年中考英语试题）—Why don’t you like fishing? —Fishing is a hobby needs much patience, but I’m not patient at all. A．who B．that C．it D．what 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——你为什么不喜欢钓鱼？——钓鱼的爱好需要很大的耐心，但我根本没有耐心。考查定语从句的用法。who谁；that那；it它；what什么。先行词a hobby是物，在定语从句中作主语，可知用关系代词that或which引导此定语从句，结合选项可知选B。 2．The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people. A．whom B．what C．who D．which 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：出席上海合作组织青岛峰会的8国领导人受到中国人民的欢迎。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词，可排除。whom和who都用于先行词是人时，但whom用作宾语，who用作主语或宾语；which用于先行词是物时。本句先行词The leaders是人，可排除which；关系词在从句中做主语，可排除whom。根据句意结构和语境，可知选C。 3．When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_________ a group of people have in common. A．what B．who C．where D．that 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：当我们说起文化的时候，我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。考查定语从句的引导词。根据句意：当我们说起文化的时候，我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。逗号后面的句中是含有定语从句的复合句，先行词是 life，表示“物”，用引导词 that，在从句中做宾语。what 不能引导定语从句。先行词是“人”，引导词常用 who。where 在定语从句中做地点状语。故选D。 【点睛】 引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as；关系副词有when, where, why。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。
高三英语定语从句专练2 班级：____________ 姓名：______________ 1．(2016·佛山一中段考)The App WeChat provides a networking platform ________ communication is faster and easier. 2．(2016·珠海摸底)In some countries，many students participate in various programs, ________ they learn about the sense of responsibility by volunteering their services. 3．(2016·深圳高级中学月考)RunningMan，is such funny reality show ________ has the gravity to pull you in front of your television. 4．(2016·揭阳二模)Overseas Chinese are particularly sought after for positions ________ a high degree or leadership is required. 5．(2016·广宁中学期中)The old pictures bring them to the days ________ they spent together, ________ life was hard but happy. 6．(2016·韶关调研)Lenovo has brought out a new laptop ________ low cost will make it attractive to students. 7．(2016·深圳调研)Zhu Yawen’s performances at the CCTV Spring Festival Gara in 2015 were perfect, ________ made a lot of people admire him. 8．(2016·广东六校联考)He is confident, ________，in my opinion，is most important in modern society. 9．(2016·广州三校联考)The school library is a resource ________ you can take advantage to make progress. 10．(2016·江西重点中学协作体联考二)—How do you understand life? —It is a constant match ________ the greatest opponent is yourself. 11．(2016·湖南益阳一中等三校联考)Most of my friends shop at the stores ________ the goods are very cheap. 12．(2016·天津一中模拟)My uncle retired in 2010, ________ he has been devoting his time to helping poor children. 13．(2016·宁波二模)This restaurant has an inviting，homelike atmosphere ________ many others are short of. 14．(2016·山东省实验中学一模)The living standard of the people in China, ________ is shown in the report，has improved over the past decades. 15．(2016·福建莆田八中一模)Yesterday evening I came across the man ________ you think is pleased to ________ work with. 16．(2016·浙江余姚三模)Guess what！I came across my primary school teacher this morning, ________ I have lost touch for almost 20 years. 17．(2016·安徽马鞍山质检一)The mother thanked the young man again and again，without ________ help her son would have been killed by the passing car. 18．(2016·江苏百校联合调研)Each graduate standing on the playground, ________ was accompanied by a parent，would be awarded a diploma by the headmaster. 19．(2016·宜宾二诊)I wish to thank Professor Smith, without________help I would never have got this far.
第二讲定语从句 一、明备考方向 语法填空常考点短文改错常考点写作常用句式 1.关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that, as 的用法； 2.关系副词where, when, why的用法； 3.“介词＋关系 代词”引导的定语从句。1.引导非限制性定语从句该 用which而误用其他关系 词(如that)； 2.关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that的缺失； 3.关系代词who, whom的 错用； 4.先行词是人或物时，关系 代词who, which的错用； 5.关系代词as的错用； 6.关系副词和关系代词的误 用； 7.人称代词与关系代词的误 用。 1.As we all know .../As is known to all ... “众所周知……” 2.As sb. puts it ...“按照某人所说的……” 3.such ...as ...“像……这样的……” 4.the same ...as .../the same as ...“像……一 样的” 5.one of the＋复数名词＋定语从句“…… 中的一个” 6.the only one of the＋复数名词＋定语从句 “……中唯一的一个” 7.由which引导的非限制性定语从句。 ..., which ...(which代替上文整句话，译为 “这一点”) 二、攻重点难点 (一)who, whom, whose引导定语从句的用法 1．先行词是人，关系词在定语从句中作主语时，用who/that，关系词不可省略；关系 词在定语从句中作宾语时，用whom/who/that，关系词可以省略。 2．先行词those后常用who引导定语从句。 3．“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，如果先行词指人，用whom指代人且不能省略。 4．whose引导定语从句时，作定语，且不能省略。 I've become good friends with several of the students in my school who/whom/that I met in the English speech contest last year. 我与好几位去年在英语演讲比赛中遇到的同校同学成了好朋友。 I have many friends to whom I'm going to send post cards. 我要寄贺卡给我的很多朋友。 The school shop, w hose customers are mainly students, is closed for the holidays. 这家主要顾客是学生的校内商店，放假时关闭。