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中考英语总复习情态动词(基础讲解)习题及答案

中考英语总复习情态动词(基础讲解)习题及答案
中考英语总复习情态动词(基础讲解)习题及答案

情态动词的用法

【真题再现】

1. —I know by what time you want the project to be done? ( 连云港)

— By the day after tomorrow. you finish it on time?

A. May; Can

B. Must; Need

C. Could; Must

D. Need; Would

2. I follow you. Would you please repeat it? ( 河北)

A. can't

B. mustn't

C. needn't

D. shouldn't

3. — Who's singing in the garden? ( 长沙)

— It be Mr. Brown. He always practices singing at this time.

A. must

B. can't

C. need

4. —May I take this magazine out of the reading room? ( 苏州)

—No, you _________. You read it in here.

A. mightn't

B. won't

C. needn't

D. mustn't

5. You _________ touch an electric fire. It's dangerous. ( 沈阳)

A. need

B. must

C. needn't

D. mustn't

6. —_________ you come with me to Lang Lang's piano concert this evening? ( 广东)

— I'd love to, but I have to study for my math test.

A. Should

B. May

C. Must

D. Can

7. Children _________ sit in the front seat of a car. It's too dangerous. ( 重庆)

A. need

B. needn't

C. must

D. mustn't

8. — Look, someone left a book.( 菏泽)

—Oh, yeah … This book _________ be Kitty’s. Only she likes to read this kind of books.

A. can

B. must

C. may

D. might

9. Look! The traffic light has turned red.We_________ stop our car.( 广东)

A.can B.can’t C.must D.mustn’t

10. — Do you have any plans for this Sunday? ( 安徽)

—I’m not sure. I _________ go to the countryside to see my grandmother.

A. can

B. must

C. may

D. need

11. As middle school students, we _________ be afraid of difficulties if we want to make our dreams come true. ( 哈尔滨)

A.must B.shouldn’t C.need

12. You return the book now. You can keep it until next week if you like.( 青岛)

A. have to

B. can’t

C. mustn’t

D. needn’t 13.—Mom, must I go shopping with you? ( 南京)

—No, you .You can watch the film Big Hero 6 with your friends.

A.needn’t B.can’t C.shouldn’t D.mustn’t

14. Harry’s been driving all day —he be tired.(杭州)

A. need

B. can

C. shall

D. must

15. It’s surprising that Mr. Ma’s little daughter speak English so well. ( 重庆)

A. must

B. can

C. mustn’t

D. can’t

【答案与解析】

1. A。句意:——我可以知道你想这个项目何时完成吗?——到后天。你能按时完成吗?may可以;can能够;must必须;could用于一般疑问句通常表示请求;need需要。题干问句是请求,可用may或者could,排除B、D两项;答句是询问能否按时完成任务,应选can。

故选A项。

2. A。句意:我听不懂你的(话)。请你再重复一遍可以吗?can't不能;mustn't不准;needn't不必;shouldn't不应该。根据句意可知答案为A项。

3. A。句意:——谁在花园里唱歌?——一定是布朗先生。他总是在这个时候练习唱歌。must表示“一定”;can't表示“不可能”;need表示“需要”。故选A。

4. D。句意:——我可以把杂志带出阅览室吗?——不,你不可以。你在这里读。mightn't 可能不;won't不会;needn't不需要;mustn't禁止,不许。May I...? 的否定回答通常是No, you mustn't/can't,故选D项。

5. D。句意:你千万不要摸电暖器。它很危险。need需要;must必须;needn't不必;mustn't千万不要,表禁止。根据题意可知选D。

6. D。句意:——今晚你可以跟我去听朗朗的钢琴音乐会吗?——我很想去,但我不得不为我的数学测试而学习。should表示“应该”;must表示“必须,一定”。may和can都可表示请求、许可,意为“可以”,但may用在一般疑问句中表示请求、许可时,其主语常用第一人称,故答案为D。

7. D。句意:禁止儿童坐在汽车的前排座位上。那样太危险。need需要;needn't没必要;must必须;mustn't表禁止。根据句意可知答案为D项。

8. B。本句意为:——看,有人把书落在这里。——这本书一定时Kitty的,只有她喜欢读这类型的书。由“only”可知此处表示肯定,故答案选B。

9. C。C项意为“必须”。根据常识可知,必须遵守交通规则,红灯亮必须停车。故选C。

10. C。句意:——你这周日有什么计划吗?——我不确定,我可能去乡下看我奶奶。can表示推测时经常用于否定句,表示肯定不;must肯定,表示把握很大的推测;may可能,也许,表示推测的可能性很小;need需要。根据上句的还没有确定,可知说话的可能性小,故选C。

11. B。句意:作为中学生,如果我们想要我们的梦想成真,我们就不应该害怕困难。must必须,应该,一定;shouldn’t不应该;need需要,不得不。根据题意,故选B。

12. D。句意:你不必现在归还这本书,如果你喜欢,你可以到下周再还。have to必须;can’t不能;mustn’t一定不要;needn’t不必。根据You can keep it until next week if you like 可知用needn’t。

13. A。——妈妈,我必须要跟你去购物吗?——不,你不需要。你可以和你的朋友们一起看电影《超能陆战队6》。当用must提问时,肯定回答是Yes, you must.否定回答是No, you needn’t.或者No, you don’t have to.故选A项。

14. D。此题意为“Harry开了一整天车,一定很累”,表示肯定推测,故选must。

15. B。句意:真的很令人惊讶,马先生的小女儿英语能够说得如此好。must必须;can 能,会;mustn’t禁止;can’t不能。根据句意可知答案为B项。

【用法讲解】

考试要求:

中考要求掌握情态动词在一般疑问句的问与答,理解情态动词表示猜测的用法及情态动词的被动语态应用。

情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度,认为“可能”,“应该”或“必要”等。情态动词本身词义不完全,不能独立作谓语动词,必须和动词原形连用(ought除外)。情态动词没有人称和单复数的变化。常用情态动词有can(could), may(might), must, ought to, have to, need, dare, shall(should), will(would)。

1. 情态动词can 和could的主要用法

(1)表示能力,意为“能,会”。

Can you swim? 你能游泳吗?

His granny is over eighty but still can read without glasses.

他的奶奶虽然八十多岁了,但是仍旧不用戴眼镜能够阅读。

注意:can和be able to表示“能力”时的区别:

can只有现在式和过去式两种形式,而be able to除了现在式和过去式,还有将来式和完成式等多种形式。

She will be able to help you tomorrow afternoon.

明天下午她将能帮助你。

This is the information that I have been able to get so far.

这是我到目前为止能得到的信息。

(2)表示“许可,允许”。

can 和could没有时态上的区别,could比can在语气上更客气;在回答could引导的一般疑问句时要用can。

Could/Can you tell me the way to the railway station?

你能告诉我去火车站的路吗?

—Could I use your pen? 我可以用你的钢笔吗?

—Yes, of course you can. 是,当然你可以。

(3)表示“可能”,can多用于否定句和疑问句。

We know that a computer can’t think for itself.

我们知道计算机不可能自己思考。

Can she still be alive after all these years?

这些年过后,她仍旧可能活着吗?

(4)表示否定推测,意为“不可能”。

The shy boy can’t be our monitor. (对现在情况的否定推测)

那个腼腆的男孩不可能是我们的班长。

The ground is dry. It can’t have rained. (对过去情况的否定推测)

地面是干的,不可能下过雨。

2. 情态动词may和might 的主要用法

(1)表示许可,意为“可以”。

might比may语气上更客气,更委婉。在回答may和might引导的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用may,否定回答要用mustn’t。

—May/Might I go now? 我可以现在去吗?

—Yes, you may. / No, you mustn’t. 是,你可以。/ 不,你一定不要。

May/Might I have a talk with you?

我可以和你聊聊吗?

(2)表示可能性,意为“可能”,might的可能性比较小。

You may/might walk for miles here without meeting anyone.

你可能在这走数英里都见不到任何人。

He may/might be sick. 他可能是病了。

(3)表示对可能的情况推测,might的可能性比较小。

That woman goes into the classroom. She may/might be our teacher.

那个妇女进了教室,她可能是我们的老师。

They might/may have gone out at that time.

在那个时候,他们可能出去了。

(4)表示祝愿。(may+名词或代词+动词)

May you succeed! 祝你成功!

May God bless you! 上帝保佑你!

3. 情态动词must 的主要用法

(1)must表示“必须”,“应该”,否定式must not/mustn’t表示“不准”,“禁止”。

在回答must引导的一般疑问句时,否定回答要用needn’t或don’t have to。

The work must be finished as soon as possible.

工作必须尽可能快得完成。

You mustn’t swim here,because it’s dangerous.

你一定不要在这游泳,因为很危险。

—Must I be home before ten o’clock? 十点钟,我必须在家吗?

—No, you needn’t/don’t have to.不,你不必一定在。

(2)表示肯定推测,意为“一定,肯定”。

You must be hungry after such a long walk. (对现在的肯定推测)

漫长的步行后,你一定是饿了。

I didn’t hear the phone. I must have been asleep. (对过去的肯定推测)

我没有听到那个电话。我一定是睡着了。

注意:must和have to的区别

must表示说话人的主观看法,而have to表示客观需要;must只有一种形式,可用于一般现在时和一般将来时,而have to有多种形式,可用于不同时态。

As a student, I must study very hard.

作为一个学生,我必须努力学习。

I have to be at my office before eight every morning.

每天早上八点之前,我必须在我的办公室。

4. 情态动词need 的主要用法

(1)need作情态动词一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件句。

need无人称变化,后接动词原形,意思是“需要”。

在回答need引导的一般疑问句时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t。

He needn’t do that. 他不需要那样做。

—Need you go now? 你需要现在去吗?

—Yes, I must. / No, I needn’t. 是,我必须(现在去)。/ 不,我不需要。

(2)need可用作行为动词,用法与其他的行为动词一样。

We need to think it over. 我们需要仔细考虑。

Does he need to go now? 他需要现在去吗?

She didn’t need to know it. 她不需要知道它。

5. 情态动词shall 的主要用法

shall用作情态动词,用于第二和第三人称,表示说话人的意愿,有“命令”,“警告”,“允诺”的意思。在疑问句中,shall用来征询对方的意见或请求指示,多用于第一人称。

You shall do as I say. 你应该按照我说得做。

Shall we take a walk after dinner? 我们饭后去散步好吗?

Let’s go home together, shall we?让我们一起回家,好吗?

6. 情态动词should 的主要用法

(1)表示“应该”,说话人主观上认为的责任和义务,可用于所有人称。

You should keep your promise once you make it.

你一旦许诺,就应该兑现。

(2)should have done表示过去应该做而实际上没有做的事,而shouldn’t have done表示过去不应该做而实际上已经做了的事。

It’s eleven o’clock. He should have arrived here by now.

十一点钟了。他应该不晚于现在到这。

You shouldn’t have told anyone about that.

你本不该告诉任何人关于那事。

7. 情态动词ought to 的主要用法

表示“应该”,没有人称和时态的变化,只有一种形式。

否定形式为ought not to(缩写形式为oughtn’t to),疑问形式为ought+主语+to+动词原形。

You ought to do it now. 你应该现在就做。

—Ought we to go there now? 我们应该现在就去那吗?

—Yes, you ought(to). 是,你应该去。

—No, you ought not(to). 不,你不该去。

8. 情态动词will 的主要用法

表示“意志”,“意愿”,用于各人称。在疑问句中用于第二人称,表示询问对方的意愿或向对方提出请求。

We will help her if she asks to us.

如果她问我们,我们就愿意帮助她。

Will you please give him a message when you see him?

当你看见他时,给他稍个信好吗?

9. 情态动词would 的主要用法

would是will 的过去式,表示过去的“意志”,“愿望”,用于各个人称。用于陈述句和疑问句中还表示说话人的意愿或向对方提出请求,语气比will委婉。

She said that she would do that whatever happened.

她说无论发生什么她都愿意做。

I promised you that I would do my best to help you.

我保证过我将尽力帮助你。

—Would you like some apples? 你想吃苹果吗?

—Yes, I’d like to. 是的,我想吃。

I would like to go with you tonight. 今晚我想和你一起去。

10 .理解含有情态动词的被动语态构成形式及其基本用法

情态动词的被动语态结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词; 其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成,“be+过去分词”部分不变。含有情态动词的被动语态变为否定句时,应在情态动词后面加not;变为一般疑问句时,应将情态动词移到句首。

Tables can be made of stone. 桌子可由石头制造。

Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。(一般过去时)

Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗?(疑问句)

Waste paper should not be thrown here. 废纸不应该扔在这里。

Should it be done by Li Ming?这件事应该是李明干吗?

初中英语情态动词的基本用法讲解

初中英语情态动词的基本用法讲解 1. can (could) 1)表示能力,could 主要指过去时间。 Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗? 2)表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上)。 The temperature can fall to —60 °C , that is 60 °C below freezing. 气温可降至一60 C,也就是零下60 C。 He can't (couldn't) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。 You mustn't smoke while you're walking around in the wood. You could start a fire. 在林子里走时勿吸烟,那样可能会引起火灾。 3)表示允许。 Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗? He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。 4)表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 Where can (could) they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢? He can't (couldn't) be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。 How can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心? 5)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗? I' m afraid we couldn 't give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。 2. may (might) 1)表允许,might 可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉。 You may take whatever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么。 He told me that I might smoke in the room. 他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。 May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗? 在回答以may引起的问句时,多避免用这个词,而用其它方式,如Yes, please. / Certainly. / Please don' t ./ You' d better not. / No, you mustn ' t.等,以免显得太严峻或不客气。 2)表可能(事实上)。可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 She may not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。 He was afraid they might not agree with him. 他担心他们可能不同意他的意见。 They might be having a meeting, but I ' m not sure. 他们有可能在开会,不过我不肯定。 3. must 1)表示义务。意为“必须” (主观意志)。 We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 You mustn' t talk to her like that. 你不可能那样对她说话。 --Must we hand in our exercise —books now? 我们现在就要交练习本吗? --No, you needn' t. / No, you don' t have to. 不必。(这种情况下,一般不用mustn' t)2)表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。

初中英语情态动词讲解

情态动词 (一)情态动词的定义: 情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。 (二)情态动词的特点 1. 情态动词有一定的词义。 2. 情态动词不能单独做谓语,它必须和其他动词的原形一起构成谓语。 3. 情态动词没有人称,数的变化。 (三)情态动词的结构和意义 1.情态动词的基本句型 ?肯定句:主语+情态动词+动词原形+...... ?否定句:主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+...... ?疑问句:情态动词+主语+动词原形+...... 2. 情态动词的意义 must“必须”;can/could“能,会”;may/might “可以”;should“应该”; would“愿,要”;have to“不得不”;need“需要” (四)情态动词的基本用法 1.can (could主要指过去时间) 1)表示人或物本身所具有的能力,意为“能,能够,会” : Two eyes can see more than one. / I can swim very well. 2)表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上) He can’t (couldn’t) have enough money for a new car. 3)表示允许: Can I have a look at your new pen? He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 4)表示对现在动作或状态的猜测,主要用于否定句和疑问句中或感叹句中: He can’t (couldn’t) be over sixty.他不可能超过六十岁。 5)could表示比can更委婉客气的提出问题或陈述看法,指的是现在时间。 Can (Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗? 2. may (might) 1)表允许,询问或说明一件事可不可以做,might指过去时间;但在疑问句中might也可指现在时间,语气比may更委婉。 May (Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗? 在回答以may引起的问句时,肯定回答是一般可仍用may,或Yes, please. / Certainly./Sure./Of course. ; 否定回答根据说话人的语气由强到弱分别选用: must not(mustn’t)(禁止)/ had better not(最好别)/ may not(不行) 2) may表可能,但所表示的可能性不如can所表示的那样肯定。might可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气更加不肯定。 He may be at home. 他可能在家。 They might be having a meeting, but I’m not sure.他们有可能在开会,不过我不肯定。 3. must(have to表示客观需要) 1)表示“必须”(主观看法)时,用于肯定句或疑问句;用于否定句时表示“禁止”。 We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 You must get home before 9:00. 2)表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。 He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。 3)must的疑问句,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t或don’t have to。 4. should 1)表责任或义务,意为“应该”,用于各种人称。

初中英语情态动词专项讲解

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