选修8 Unit 1 单词及课文详解
△California 加利福尼亚（州）
△Californian 加利福尼亚（州）人
△illustrate vt. 说明；阐明 illustration 实例插图图解
Be illustrated with 有插图 - sth. 给书加插图阐明
By way of -tion 作为说明 in -tion of 作为...例证
distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的 distinctive 独特的有特色的
distinction n. 差别；区分cn；卓著优秀un.
Distinguish between and :distinguish A from B -ed 杰出的以...著名
Make a distinction between and
Make no distinction 没有区别： without distinction with distinction 优异地
△immigrant n. （从外国移入的）移民
live on 继续存在；继续生存 - by 以..为生 - through 活过度过...熬过
Live up to 实践原则誓言等做到 - down 改过自新生活忘掉过错
strait n. 海峡=straits
△Bering 白令海峡
Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的
the Arctic 北极
means n. 手段；方法
by means of… 用……办法；借助 By all means 一定务必 by no means 绝不
By this means 通过这种方式：in this way/ with this method/ in this manner by some means or other 想尽办法
△prehistoric adj. 史前的
majority n. 大多数；大半 the - 做主语谓语动词单数各个成员可用复数
The - of + 单数名词或pl. 谓语动词与名词保持一致
In a - 占大多数 get a - 获得多数票 have a - 拥有多数
Major minor minority -ity ...状态、性质
ministry n. （政府的）部；（全体）牧师；牧师的职责神职任期 the - of Defense Catholic adj. 天主教的 n.天主教徒
△Alaska n. 阿拉斯加（州）
△San Francisco n. 圣弗朗西斯科（也称旧金山）
△adventurer n. 冒险家
make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等
△despite prep. 尽管；不管
hardship n. 苦难；困苦
elect vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人
federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的
rail n. 铁路；扶手；（护栏的）横条
percentage n. 百分比；百分率
△Los Angeles n. 洛杉矶
Italy n. 意大利
Italian n. 意大利人；意大利语adj.意大利人的；意大利语的
Denmark n. 丹麦（北欧国家）
keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等）- away from 不接近
- back 阻止抑制 -... From 阻止免受伤害 - off 远离 - out 使不入内
- up with 跟上 -an eye on 注视 - hold of 抓住 - a record of记载 - in touch with
△Hollywood n. 好莱坞；美国电影业
boom n. （人口、贸易的）繁荣（运动音乐）突然风靡的时期深沉的响声V. 轰鸣激增处于经济迅速发展时期
-er=baby -er 生育高峰期出生的人 - town 新兴都市
aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机
△Cambodian n. 柬埔寨人；柬埔寨语
Korea n. 韩国；朝鲜
Korean n. 韩国/朝鲜人；朝鲜/韩语 adj.韩国（人/语）的；朝鲜（人/语）的Pakistan n. 巴基斯坦
Pakistani adj. 巴基斯坦（人）的 n.巴基斯坦人
△immigrate vi. 移入（外国定居）
immigration n. 移民；移居入境
racial adj. 人种的；种族的
crossing n. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道
vice n. & adj. 代理；副职
nephew n. 侄子；外甥
pole n. 地极；电极；磁极
applicant n. 申请人
customs n. 海关；关税；进口税
socialist n. 社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的
socialism n. 社会主义
occur vi. 发生；出现有计划或无计划
It -s to sb. To do/ that... 某人想到 -rence
cattle n. 牛（总称）
△Hispanic n. （美）讲西班牙语的美国人
indicate vt. 指出；指示；表明；暗示
back to back 背靠背
luggage n. 行李（<美>baggage）
shave vt. & vi. (shaved; shaved, shaven) 刮；剃
△cable n. 缆绳；绳索；电缆
△cable car 缆车；（美）有轨缆车
△Andrew Hallidie 安德鲁?海利迪
tram n. （有轨）电车
apparent adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上的
apparently adv. 显然地；显而易见地
It is - to sb. That... 在某人看来显然...
brake n. 闸；刹车；制动器 Vi. & vt. 刹（车）；用制动器减速conductor n. （公车）售票员；列车员；（乐队）指挥
slip vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤 n.滑动；滑倒小错误
- off 迅速脱去衣服：- out of -on 迅速穿上 -out 被无意中说出- away 消失消亡 - up 犯错误疏忽
△wharf n. 码头
bakery n. 面包房；面包厂
ferry n. 渡船；渡口 vt.摆渡；渡运
△Angel Island 天使岛
team up with 与……合作或一起工作
hire vt. & n. 租用；雇用
- sth. To ...租给 - ... From...向...租借租设备用hire 租房子：let/rent
△fascinating adj. 迷人的；吸引人的
mark out 划线；标出……界线选定表明
- down 记下减价给低分 - off 划出界限 -up 标高价格 - with 以..为标记
- for life 留下终生的伤痕
seagull n. 海鸥
take in 包括；吸收理解欺骗
- apart 拆开 -away 拿走 - back 收回- to 喜欢习惯 - on承担呈现雇佣 - over 接管-up 占据继续 -up with 和交往
angle n. 角；角度
a great/good many 许多；很多
Many/many a/an / a great/good many/ more than one/ a good/large number of +pl.
Much/ a good/great deal of/ a large amount of /amounts of+un
A lot of/lots of/ a quantity of/ quantities of/ plenty of/ a supply of/supplied of+pl./un
Amounts of/ quantities of+un. 谓语动词用复数
Many a(more than one)+单数谓语动词用单数
apply for 申请；请示得到
Apply 申请敷产生作用使努力
- to do 申请做 - ..to..将...涂抹于
- oneself to 专心从事 applicant application applied
nowhere adv. 无处；到处都无
△miserable adj. 痛苦的；悲惨的
punishment n. 处罚；惩罚
justice n. 公正；公平
mourn vt. & vi. 哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛 -er哀悼者 -ful 忧伤的 -ing n, 哀悼
civil adj. 公民的；国内的；民间的
authority n. 权威；权力 (pl)当局；官方
reform vt. & vi. 改革；革新 n.改革；改造；改良
grasp vt. & n. 抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会
△thoughtful adj. 关切的；体贴的；深思的
thankful adj. 感激的；感谢的
insert vt. 插入；嵌入 n. 插面广告挿入物 -ion 放入
选修八Unit1 CALIFORNIA加利福尼亚
California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population （grow/fall; large/small）. 加州是美国第三大洲, 而且是人口最多的州。 It also has the distinction of （有与众不同之处）being the most multicultural（多元文化的，multi-多方面多方向 multicolored multimedia multiparty） state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the world. 加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州。它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。 The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their new home. 这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。 This diversity of culture is not surprising when you know the history of California.当你了解了加利福尼亚的历史，你就不会对其文化的多样性感到惊奇了。NATIVE AMERCANS美洲土著人
Exactly when the first people arrived in what we now know as California, no one really knows. 最早一批人具体是什么时候来到我们现在了解的加利福尼亚地区的, 谁也说不清
楚。 However, it is likely （可能的，=probable , it is likely that/sb is likely to do more than likely 很可能 likeable 可爱的 likewise同样的 likelihood可能性）that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. 然而，可能至少在一15,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加利福尼亚了。Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge which existed in prehistoric times. 科学家们认为这些迁居者通过一条史前时期曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。 In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffer（+痛苦损失； suffer from+ 战争自然灾害带来的苦难-ance 经勉强同意）ed greatly. 欧洲人在16世纪到来这里之后，土著人遭受了极大的苦难。 Thousands were killed or forced into slavery. 成千上万人被杀或被迫成为奴隶。In addition, many died from （外因 die of 内因 - by 自杀吊死被刀剑杀死 - down 渐渐消失 -off 相继死去 -away 逐渐消失 - out 绝种pass away sleep the final sleep be no more breathe one’s last）the diseases brought by the Europeans. 另外, 欧洲人带来的疾病，使许多人染病而死。 However, some survived （比...活的长 - from 从..幸存下来 -on靠...维生 survival survivor）these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state. 不过，还是有一些人经历了这些恐怖时期而活下来了。今天住在加利福尼亚的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。
THE SPANISH西班牙人
In the 18th century California was ruled by Spain. 在18世纪的时候，加利福尼亚是被西班牙统治的。 Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, when they fought（打架打仗争辩 - against 为反对..而斗争 - for 为争取而斗争 - with并肩战斗；=- against ; - back 奋力抵抗 -off 击退 -sth. Back 忍住抑制住 - to the death 战斗到底） against the native people and took their land. 西班牙士兵最早是在16世纪初期来到南美洲的，他们同土著人打仗，夺去了他们的土地。Two centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along
the northwest coast of what we now call the United States. 两个世纪以后, 西班牙人在南美洲大部分地区定居下来，而且还在我们现在称之为美国的西北沿海地区住下来。Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men, whose ministry was to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. 在首批移居加利福尼亚州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住居民传授天主教。In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence （win/gain/have -from, be independent form/of independent school=private school）from Spain. 1821年,墨西哥人从西班牙获得了独立。 California then became part of Mexico.加利福尼亚于是成了墨西哥的一部分。In 1846 the United States declared （+n./that../sb./sth. To be/as... - war on宣战 - against 声明反对 -on 宣布...要发生 -for 宣布支持 -off宣布取消 -ration -d 公开宣布的公开正式 announce 第一次宣布预告性质）war on Mexico, and after the war won by the USA, Mexico had to give California to the USA. 1846年美国向墨西哥宣战，美国赢得战争胜利后，墨西哥被迫把加利福尼亚割让给美国。However, there is still a strong Spanish influence （exert /have - on/upon...）in the state. 但是,这个州至今仍然保留着很强的西班牙文化的影响。That is why today over 40 of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language. 这就是为什么今天还有40%的加利福尼亚人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。It/that/this is why...
The reason why...is that...
RUSSIANS俄罗斯人
In the early 1800s, Russian hunters, who had originally gone to Alaska, began settling in California. 在19世纪初期，一批最初到阿拉斯加的俄罗斯猎人开始在加利福尼亚定居下来。 Today there are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco.今天，住在旧金山及其周边地区的美籍俄罗斯人大约25，000人。GOLD MINERS金矿工
In 1848, not long after the American-Mexican war, gold was discovered in California.
1848年,美墨战争后不久,在加利福尼亚发现了金矿。 The dream of becoming rich quickly attracted people from all over the world. 发财梦很快就吸引了来自世界各地的人。The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, were South Americans and people from the United States. 距离最近因而来的最早的是南美洲人和美国人， Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon followed. 随后跟着来的有欧洲和亚洲的探险家。In fact, few achieved their dream of becoming rich. 事实上, 很少有人圆了发财梦。Some died or returned home, but most remained （-+n./a./done/doing/介词短语；+to do/to be done; that... -der 剩余物 -s 残余物 -ing 剩下的）in California to make a life （开始新生活习惯新的生活方式）for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the new towns or on farms. 许多人死了或回家了，但是尽管条件十分艰苦，大多数人仍然留在了加利福尼亚劳作谋生，在新的城镇或农场里定居下来。 By the time California elected to become the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it was already a multicultural society.到1850年加利福尼亚成为美国第31个州的时候, 它已经是一个有着多元文化的社会了。
LATER A RRIVALS后来的移民
Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it was the building of the rail network from the west to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. 虽然中国移民在淘金热期间就开始来到（美国），但是更大批量的中国移民却是在十九世纪六十年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage （术语，百分百不能用数词修饰 high/low what提问数词+percent there is no percentage in...做没有好处）have chosen to stay in the "Chinatowns" of Los Angeles and San Francisco. 今天,加利福尼亚州各地都有美藉华人居住,尽管有很大比例的华人还是选择住在洛杉矶和旧金山的“中国城”里。Other immigrants such as Italians, mainly fishermen but also wine makers, arrived in California in the late 19th century. 十九世纪后期，其他国家的移民，比如意大利人来到加利福尼亚，他们主要是渔民，也有些
酿酒工人。 In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a town of their own（属于某人自己的后置定语表语; 前置定语：one’s own sth.）, which today still keeps up their Danish culture. 1911年丹麦移民建立了他们自己的城镇，至今仍保留着丹麦文化。By the 1920s the film industry was well establish ed （it is -ed that 据证实... - oneself in 定居）in Hollywood, California. 到了二十世纪二十年代，电影产业在加利福尼亚州的好莱坞建立了起来。 The industry boom attracted Europeans including many Jewish people. 这个行业吸引了许多欧洲人包括许多犹太人。Today California has the second largest Jewish population in the United States. 今天，加利福尼亚的犹太人口在美国占第二位。Japanese farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the 1980s a lot more have settled there. 日本的农民是在20世纪初期开始到加利福尼亚来的,而从20世纪80年代以来就有更多的日本人在加利福尼亚定居了。 People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s, when they moved north from Mexico. 非洲人从19世纪就在加利福尼亚住下来，他们是从墨西哥向北迁来的。However, even more arrived between 1942 and 1945 to work in the ship and aircraft industries. 然而更多的非洲人在1942年到1945年之间来到加利福尼亚的，当时他们是到船厂和飞机厂工作的。
MOST RECENT ARRIVALS最近期的移民
In more recent decades, California has become home （be/feel at home 舒适自在；be/feel at home with sb.与某人相处无拘束 with sth.愉快从事某事 make oneself at home 请随意 make sb. Feel at home 宾至如归 the home for/of 。。发源地 the home to 动植物的栖息地）to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians. 在最近几十年里,加利福尼亚成了亚洲人的家,包括柬埔寨人、朝鲜人、越南人和老挝人。 Since its beginning in the 1970s, the computer industry has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California. 从20世纪70年代开始发展计算机工业以来，加利福尼亚又吸引了印度人和巴勒斯坦人的到来。
THE FUTURE未来展望
People from different parts of the world, attracted by the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California世界各地的人，由于受气候条件和生活方式的吸引,仍然在继续迁入加利福尼亚。. It is believed（=people believe that。。。） that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures. 人们认为, 要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以至于不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体，而只是多种族、多文化的混合体。Such an interesting book is is that I can’t tear myself away from it.爱不释手
选修八Unit 1 GEORGE’S DIARY乔治的日记
12TH—14TH JUNE
Monday 12th, June
Arrived early this morning by bus. Went straight to hotel to drop my luggage, shower and shave. 清晨乘公共汽车抵达，直赴饭店，放下行李，洗澡、刮脸，即去观光。Then went exploring. First thing was a ride on a cable car. From top of the hill got a spectacular view of San Francisco Bay and the city. 先是乘缆车，在山顶揽胜，观看旧金山湾及整个城市。 Built in 1873, the cable car system was invented by Andrew Hallidie, who wanted to find a better form of transport than horse-drawn trams. 缆车系统建立于1873年，是由安德鲁·哈利迪发明的，他试图找到一种比马拉的轨道车更好的交通方式。 Apparently he'd been shocked when he saw a terrible accident in which a tram's brakes failed, the conductor could not control the situation and the tram slipped down the hill dragging the horses with it. 他曾经看到过一次可怕的交通事故：一辆马车刹车失灵，驾车失控，车子和马一起从山上滑了下去，很明显这让他受到了极
大的震惊。
Had a late lunch at Fisherman's Wharf. 午餐是在渔人码头吃的，吃得很晚。 This is the district where Italian fishermen first came to San Francisco in the late 19th century and began the fishing industry. 意大利渔民在19世纪末首先来到这个地区，并且在这儿开始捕鱼业。 Now it's a tourist area with lots of shops, sea food restaurants and bakeries. 如今这儿是一个旅游区了，很多商店、海鲜馆和面包坊。It's also the place to catch the ferry to Angel Island and other places in the Bay（to do 作定语）. 这儿也是乘渡船去天使岛和海湾其他地方的渡口。Did so much exploring at Fisherman's Wharf. Am exhausted （exhaust exhaustion exhaustive 完全的彻底的）and don't feel like （feel oneself 感到正常 -one’s way 摸索前进 - up to 觉得适合）doing anything else. Early bed tonight!在渔人码头看了这么多东西，我太累了，什么也不想干了。今晚要早点睡觉!
Tuesday 13th, June 6月13日星期二
Teamed up with （与合作 team up to do）a couple from my hotel (Peter and Terri) and hired a car. 同酒店里的一对夫妻(彼得和泰莉)作伴，一起租了一辆小汽车。Spent all day driving（drive 大道驱车出行私家车刀有计划的努力） around the city. 一整天驱车游览城市。There's a fascinating drive marked out for tourists. 有一种专门为旅游者选定的驾车游活动。 It has blue and white signs with seagulls on them to show the way to go. 车身上有蓝白两色相间的标记，上面有海鸥以表示要去的路线。It's a 79km round-trip that takes in all the famous tourist spots. 这是一次79公里的旅行，它涵盖了所有著名的旅游景点。 Stopped many times to admire the view of the city from different angles and take photographs. 途中多次停车，从不同角度欣赏城市风景并摄影。 Now have a really good idea of what the city's like. 现在有对城市的面貌有了一个很好的了解。
In evening, went to Chinatown with Peter and Terri. 傍晚，跟彼得和泰莉一起去中国
城。 Chinese immigrants settled in this area in the 1850s. 中国移民于19世纪50年代定居在这个地区。 The fronts of the buildings are decorated to look like old buildings in southern China. 建筑物面前装饰得就像在中国南部地区的古建筑一样。Saw some interesting temples here, a number of markets and a great many restaurants. 这儿看到了一些有趣的寺庙，不少的集贸市场和大量的餐馆，还有美术馆和一个博物馆。Also art galleries and a museum containing documents, photographs and all sorts of objects about the history of Chinese immigration, but it is closed in the evening. 博物馆里有关于中国移民史的文件、照片和各种各样的物品，但是晚上关门了。 Will go back during the day. Had a delicious meal and then walked down the hill to our hotel.打算白天再来。吃了一顿可口的饭菜，然后步行下山回到酒店。
Wednesday 14th, June6月14日星期三
In morning, took ferry to Angel Island from the port in San Francisco Bay. On the way had a good view of the Golden Gate Bridge. 早晨，从旧金山湾的港口乘渡轮去天使岛，路上观赏了金门大桥。From 1882 to 1940 Angel Island was a famous immigration station where many Chinese people applied for right to live in USA. 从1882年至1940年，天使岛成为一个著名的移民站，许多中国人在那儿申请美国居住权。The cells in the station were very small, cold and damp; some did not even have light but the immigrants had nowhere else to go. 移民站的房间又冷又潮湿，一些房间甚至没有光，但是移民们没有其他去处。 Their miserable stay seemed to be punishment rather than justice and freedom to them. 悲惨的境遇对他们来说似乎是一种惩罚而谈不上公正和自由。They wrote poems on the walls about their loneliness and mourned their former life in China. 他们在墙上写诗，抒发孤独的情感，痛惜以前在中国的生活。 In 1940 the civil authorities reformed the system so that many more Chinese people were able to grasp the opportunity of settling in the USA. 1940年民政部门改革了制度，使得更多的中国人能够得到机会定居美国。Made me very thoughtful and thankful for my life today. 这引起我的感慨，使我对今天的生活感到欣慰。
大思教育·英语课本倒背如流特训班 课文原文（高中·选修七） Unit 1 Living well Hi, my name is Marty Fielding and I guess you could say that I am “one in a million.”In other words, there are not many people like me. You see, I have a muscle disease which makes me very weak, so I can’t r un or climb stairs as quickly as other people. In addition, sometimes I am very clumsy and drop things or bump into furniture. Unfortunately, the doctors don’t know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability. My motto is: live one day at a time. Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else. I used to climb trees, swim and play football. In fact, I used to dream about playing professional football and possibly representing my country in the World Cup. Then I started to get weaker and weaker, until I could only enjoy football from a bench at the stadium. In the end I went into hospital for medical tests. I stayed there for nearly three months. I think I had at least a billion tests, including one in which they cut out a piece of muscle from my leg and looked at it under a microscope. Even after all that, no one could give my disease a name and it is difficult to know what the future holds. One problem is that I don’t look any different from other people. So sometimes some children in my primary school would laugh, when I got out of breath after running a short way or had to stop and rest halfway up the stairs. Sometimes I was too weak to go to school so my education suffered. Every time I returned after an absence, I felt stupid because I was behind the others. My life is a lot easier at high school because my fellow students have accepted me. The few who can not see the real person inside my body do not make me annoyed, and I just ignore them. All in all I have a good life. I am happy to have found many things I can do, like writing and computer programming. My ambition is to work for a firm that develops computer
1.选修九Unit1 Breaking records-Reading打破记录 "THE ROAD IS ALWAYS AHEAD OF YOU"“路永在前方” Ashrita Furman is a sportsman who likes the challenge of breaking Guinness records. 阿什里塔·弗曼是一位热衷挑战并想争创吉尼斯世界纪录的运动员. Over the last 25 years, he has broken approximately 93 Guinness records. 在过去的25年中, 他大约已经打破了93项吉尼斯世界纪录. More than twenty of these he still holds, including the record for having the most records. 至今, 他仍然是其中20多项纪录的保持者, 还包括拥有最多的吉尼斯纪录这一项. But these records are not made in any conventional sport like swimming or soccer. Rather Ashrita attempts to break records in very imaginative events and in very interesting places. 但是这些纪录并不是像游泳或足球等一般运动项目那样创建的, 而是阿什里塔试图在非常有趣的地点, 在富有想象力的运动项目中打破的. Recently, Ashrita achieved his dream of breaking a record in all seven continents, including hula hooping in Australia, pogo stick jumping under water in South America, and performing deep knee bends in a hot air balloon in North America. 最近, 阿什里塔完成了他的梦想: 在所有的七大洲中都破一项纪录, 其中包括在澳洲玩呼啦圈, 在南美洲的水下做弹簧单高跷游戏, 在北美洲的热气球中做膝部深弯曲运动. While these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect, in reality they require an enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination. 虽然这些活动看起来孩子气且令人发笑而不是让人肃然起敬, 但实际上, 完成这些活动需要强大的力量、健康的体格和坚定的决心. Think about the fine neck adjustments needed to keep a full bottle of milk on your head while you are walking. 想想吧, 你一边走路一边还要把满满一瓶牛奶定在头上, 你的脖子需要有多好的适应力. You can stop to rest or eat but the bottle has to stay on your head. 你可以停下来休息或者吃东西, 但瓶子必须呆在你的头顶上. While Ashrita makes standing on top of a 75 cm Swiss ball look easy, it is not. 当阿什里塔站在高75公分的瑞士气球上时, 看起来虽然很轻松容易, 其实不然. It takes a lot of concentration and a great sense of balance to stay on it. 呆在球上得一直全神贯注, 还需要有极强的注意力和极好的平衡感. You have to struggle to stay on top especially when your legs start shaking. 特别是在双腿开始抖动的时候, 你还得使劲呆在球上. And what about somersaulting along a road for 12 miles? 然而沿着12英里的马路翻筋斗, 情况又是怎样呢? Somersaulting is a tough event as you have to overcome dizziness, extreme tiredness and pain. 翻筋斗是一项艰苦的运动, 因为你必须克服头晕、极度疲劳和痛苦. You are permitted to rest for only five minutes in every hour of rolling but you are allowed to stop briefly to vomit. 每翻滚一个小时, 只允许你有五分钟的休息, 不过也可以短暂地停下来呕吐. Covering a mile in the fastest time while doing gymnastically correct lunges is yet another event in which Ashrita is outstanding. 做标准的体操弓箭步动作向前, 以最快的节奏走完一英里的路程是阿什里塔又一个出色的项目. Lunges are extremely hard on your legs. 弓箭步冲刺对你的双腿是一个极端艰苦的考验. You start by
Unit 1 Lifestyles Warm-up Tapescript 1 Football player: Being famous isn’t easy, you know. I travel a lot – I have matches in different countries. But my job is exciting, very exciting! I love the matches, the people cheering, know what I mean? 2 Student: My dad says these are the best days of my life –but I’m not so sure! You know, I’ve got lots of work to do and there’s not much time really. I also play football for the school team and we have to do training three nights a week. 3 Shepherd: I love th e animals and I love nature. It’s peaceful, and there’s no one to tell me what to do. But it’s not so good when the weather’s bad! 4 Business manager: I’m very busy, and I don’t have time to see my husband and children. Mmmm and my life is very stressful, I suppose. I mean, I have to deal with lots of money. But I find it really exciting. 1 A Perfect Day? A Couch Potato Forty-three-year-old Brian Blakey from Birmingham is sitting on his sofa and telling me about his perfect day. When I wake up I don't get up immediately. I turn on the television and watch the children's programmes and old movies until about half-past ten. Then I get up, go downstairs and switch on the TV in the living room. For lunch, I have biscuits and a glass of milk, and I watch the news. In the afternoon, I often watch another old film – they're showing some good ones at the moment. In the evenings, I often watch TV series or sport and the news again. I like the main news at six o'clock. At nine thirty, if there is a good play on BBC 2, I switch over and watch it. Then at night, I watch more films and I usually switch off the TV at about two o'clock. I never watch TV all night. I watch TV for sixteen or seventeen hours a day. I also do some exercise every day. I take Tina, the dog, for a walk every afternoon. I don't go far, of course. I walk to the wall outside my house. I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle. Of course, I couldn't live this lifestyle without a good wife. She's not here now because she's working, but she always makes my meals. We haven't got much money, you know, but we're happy. Sit down and watch TV. Here's the remote control. You've got the world at your feet. And in your hand. Great! A Workaholic Thirty-six-year-old Bob Black is sitting at his desk and working his way through his paperwork. I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off. As soon as I hear my alarm clock, I jump out of my bed. It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash, get changed, have breakfast, leave home and get on a bus. I am always the first person to get to the office. The mornings are always very busy and the afternoons are even busier! Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day. Every minute
第一单元 路永在前方 阿什利塔·福曼是一位热衷挑战并总想争创吉尼斯纪录的运动员。在过去25年中，他大约(approximately)已经打破了93项吉尼斯世界纪录，至今，他仍然是其中20多项纪录的保持者，还包括拥有最多的吉尼斯纪录这一项。但是这些记录并不是像游泳或足球等一般运动项目那样创建的，而是阿什利塔试图在非常有趣的地点，在富有想像力的运动项目中打破的。 最近，阿什利塔完成了他的梦想:在所有七大洲破一项纪录，其中包括在澳洲玩呼啦圈，在南美洲的水下做弹簧单高跷游戏，在北美洲的热气球中做膝部深弯曲运动。 虽然这些活动看起来孩子气且令人发笑而不是让人肃然起敬，但实际上(in reality),完成这些活动需要强大的力量,健康的体格和坚定的决心。 想想吧,你一边走路,一边还要把一瓶牛奶顶在头上，你的脖子需要的多好的适应力。你可以停下来休息或吃东西，但瓶子必须呆在头上。 当阿什利塔站在75厘米高的瑞士球上时，看起来虽然很轻松容易，其实不然。呆在球上得一直全神贯注，还需要有极强的注意力和极好的平衡感。特别是在双腿开始抖动的时候，你还得使劲呆在球上。 然而沿着12英里的马路翻筋斗,情况又是怎样的呢？翻筋斗是一项艰苦的运动,因为你必须克服头晕、极度疲劳和痛苦。每翻滚一个小时,只允许休息5分钟,不过也可以短暂地停下来呕吐(vomit)。 做标准的体操(gymnastically)弓箭步动作向前，以最快的节奏走完1英里的路程是阿什利塔又一个出色的项目。弓箭步冲刺对你的双腿是一个极端艰苦的考验。开始时呈站立姿势，然后右脚向前迈一步，同时左膝触地，然后再站起来，左脚向前迈出一步，同时右膝触地。想想吧，这个动作要反复做1英里远！ 然而，这位有才能的运动员并不是天生的。小时候，他很不健康(unfit)，而且对运动毫无兴趣。但他却对《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》非常着迷(fascinated)。 阿什利塔究竟是怎样成为一位运动员的呢？这是一个有趣的故事。少年时,他就开始探究人生的深层的意义。他研究过东方宗教，16岁时，他发现了一位名叫斯里琴摩的印度静坐功(mediation)导师，住在纽约市他家附近。自从20世纪70年代初，阿什利塔就一直是斯里琴摩的学生。斯里琴摩指出，人们发展他们的体魂与发展他们的头脑、心灵和精神上的(spiritual)自我具有同等的重要性，并且他相信人的体能是没有局限的。 当阿什利塔1978年在纽约市中央公园进行的24小时自行车马拉松(marathon)比赛中获得第三名时，他就知道总有一天他将进入《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》。尽管从没有训练过，他还是受到他的精神领袖的敦促参加了马拉松比赛。因此,当他取得第三名的时候，他开始有了这样的认识：他的身躯只不过是他的精神的工具，而且他似乎能够利用他的精神力量去完成任何事。从那时起，阿什利塔就拒绝接受任何身体极限的说法。 由于有了这种新的信心, 阿什利塔于1979年第一次打破吉尼斯纪录——跳爆竹27000次。不断努力打破纪录的动机源来自他对斯里琴摩思想的虔诚。每次试图破纪录的时候，阿什里塔都会达到一个体力不可逾越的极限点。这个时候，他就会进入自己的内心深处，与他的灵魂(soul)和他的老师相沟通。 在创纪录的努力中，阿什利塔总是要感谢他的老师。事实上，他常穿着一件T恤衫，后背上有斯里琴摩的名言： “完美的道路只有一条,它就在你前方,永远在你前方。” 集中精力于……
必修1第一单元Reading 阅读 ANNE’S BEST FRIEND Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so the had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hide away for two years before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now r ead how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. Thursday 15, June, 1944 Dear kitty, I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I was here.…For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. Another time some months ago, I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window had to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… …Sadly…I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours, Anne Using Language 语言运用 Reading and listening 读与听 1 Read the letter that Lisa wrote to Miss Wang of Radio for Teenagers and predict what Miss Wang will say. After listening, check and discuss her advice. Dear Miss Wang, I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment. I’m getting along well with a boy in my class. We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other. We have become really good friends. But other students have started gossiping. They say that this boy and I have fallen in love. This has made me angry. I don’t want to end the friendship, but I hate other s gossiping. What should I do? Yours, Lisa Reading and writing 读与写 Miss Wang has received a letter from Xiaodong. He is also asking for some advice. Read the letter on the right carefully and help Miss Wang answer it.
第一课 Anne’s best friend Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feeling and thoughts? Or are you afraid of your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going throught.Anne Frank want the first kind. She made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ .Her family wad Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by German Nazis. They hid away for twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friends was her diary. She said, “I don’t want to set down a series of facts as most people do. But I want this diary itself to be my best friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty. Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？ 安妮弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太
Unit 1 △California 加利福尼亚（州） △Californian 加利福尼亚（州）人 △illustrate vt. 说明；阐明 distinct adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的 distinction n. 差别；区分；卓著 △immigrant n. （从外国移入的）移民 live on 继续存在；继续生存 strait n. 海峡 △Bering 白令海峡 Arctic adj. 北极的；北极区的 the Arctic 北极 means n. 手段；方法 by means of… 用……办法；借助…… △prehistoric adj. 史前的 majority n. 大多数；大半 ministry n. （政府的）部；（全体）牧师；牧师的职责Catholic adj. 天主教的 n.天主教徒 △Alaska n. 阿拉斯加（州） △San Francisco n. 圣弗朗西斯科（也称 旧金山） △adventurer n. 冒险家 make a life 习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 △despite prep. 尽管；不管 hardship n. 苦难；困苦 elect vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人 federal adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的 rail n. 铁路；扶手；（护栏的）横条 percentage n. 百分比；百分率 △Los Angeles n. 洛杉矶 Italy n. 意大利 Italian n. 意大利人；意大利语 adj.意大利人的；意大利语的
Denmark n. 丹麦（北欧国家） keep up 坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等）△Hollywood n. 好莱坞；美国电影业 boom n. （人口、贸易的）繁荣 vi. 处于经济迅速发展时期 aircraft n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机 △Cambodian n. 柬埔寨人；柬埔寨语Korea n. 韩国；朝鲜 Korean n. 韩国/朝鲜人；朝鲜/韩语 adj.韩国（人/语）的；朝鲜（人/语）的Pakistan n. 巴基斯坦 Pakistani adj. 巴基斯坦（人）的 n.巴基斯坦人 △immigrate vi. 移入（外国定居）immigration n. 移民；移居入境 racial adj. 人种的；种族的 crossing n.横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道vice n. & adj. 代理；副职 nephew n. 侄子；外甥 pole n. 地极；电极；磁极 applicant n. 申请人 customs n. 海关；关税；进口税 socialist n. 社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会主义者的 socialism n. 社会主义 occur vi. 发生；出现 cattle n. 牛（总称） △Hispanic n. （美）讲西班牙语的美国人indicate vt. 指出；指示；表明；暗示 back to back 背靠背 luggage n. 行李（<美>baggage） shave vt. & vi. (shaved; shaved, shaven) 刮；剃 △cable n. 缆绳；绳索；电缆 △cable car 缆车；（美）有轨缆车
新人教版英语选修九第一单元Reading的课文译文 “路永在前方” 阿什里塔.弗曼是一位热衷挑战并总想争创吉尼斯纪录的运动员。在过去的25年中，他大约已经打破了93项吉尼斯世界纪录。至今，他仍然是其中20多项纪录的保持者，还包括拥有最多的吉尼斯纪录这一项。但是这些纪录并不是像游泳或足球等一般运动项目那样创建的，而是阿什里塔试图在非常有趣的地点，在富有想象力的运动项目中打破的。 最近，阿什里塔完成了他的梦想：在所有七大洲中都破一项纪录，其中包括在澳洲玩呼啦圈，在南美洲的水下做弹簧单高跷游戏，在北美洲的热气球中做膝部深弯曲运动。 虽然这些活动看起来孩子气且令人发笑而不是让人肃然起敬，但实际上，完成这些活动需要强大的力量、健康的体格和坚定的决心。 想想吧，你一边走路，一边还要把一满瓶牛奶顶在头上，你的脖子需要有多好的适应力。你可以停下来休息或吃东西，但是瓶子必须呆在你的头顶上。 当阿什里塔站在75厘米高的瑞士球上时，看起来虽然很轻松容易，其实不然。呆在球上得一直全神贯注，还需要有极强的注意力和极好的平衡感。特别是在双脚开始抖动的时候，你还得使劲呆在球上。 然而沿着12英里的马路翻筋斗，情况又是怎样的呢？翻筋斗是一项艰苦的运动，因为你必须克服头晕、极度疲劳和痛苦。每翻滚一个小时，只允许你有五分钟的休息，不过也可以短暂地停下来呕吐。 做标准的体操弓箭步动作向前，以最快的节奏走完一英里的路程是阿什里塔又一个出色的项目。弓箭步冲刺对你的双腿是一个极端艰苦的考验。开始时呈站立姿势，然后右脚向前迈一步，同时左膝触地。然后再站起来，左脚向前迈出一步，同时右膝触地。想想吧，这个动作要反复做一英里远！ 然而，这位有才能的运动员并不是天生的。小时候，他很不健康，而且对运动毫无兴趣。但是他却对《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》非常着迷。 阿什里塔究竟是怎样成为一名运动员的呢？这是一个有趣的故事。十几岁
Module 1 My First Day at Senior High My name is Li live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing.It is the capital city of Hebei Province.Today is my first day at Senior High school and I’m writing down my thoughts about it. My new school is very good and I can see why. The teachers are very enthusiastic and friendly and the classrooms are amazing.Every room has a computer with a special screen, almost as big as a cinema screen. The teachers write on the computer, and their words appear on the screen behind them. The screens also show photographs, text and information from websites.They’re brilliant! The English class is really interesting. The teacher is a very enthusiastic woman called Ms Shen.We’re using a new textbook and Ms Shen’s method of teaching is nothing like the teachers at my Junior High school. She thinks that reading comprehension is important, but we speak a lot in class, too. And we have fun.I don’t think I will be bored in Ms Shen’s class! Today we introduced ourselves to each other.We did this in groups.Some students were embarrassed at first but everyone was very friendly and it was really nice. Ms Shen gave us instructions and then we worked by ourselves.Ms Shen wants to help us improve our spelling and handwriting. We do this in a fun way, with spelling games and
必修一 Unit1 Anne’s Best Friend Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are goi ng through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War Ⅱ. Her family was Jewish so nearl y twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, ”I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place si nce July 1942. Thursday 15th June, 1944 Dear Kitty, I wonder if i t’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy ab out everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sk y, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s chan ged since I was here. … For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by my self. But as the moon gave far too much light, I di dn’t dare open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window bad to be shut. The dark, rainy eve ning, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a ye ar and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… … Sadly …I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows . It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours, Anne 第一单元友谊Reading 安妮最好的朋友 你是不是想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友呢？或者你是不是担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮·弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，于是她就把日记当成了她最好的朋友。安妮在第二次世界大战期间住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则他们就会被德国纳粹抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了两年之后才被发现。在这段时间里，她唯一的忠实朋友就是她的日记了。她说，“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把这本日记当作我的朋友，我要把我这个朋友称作基蒂”。安妮自从1942年7月起就躲藏在那儿了，现在，来看看她的心情吧。亲爱的基蒂： 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里，这一切都变了。 ……比方说，有天晚上天气很暖和，我熬到11点半故意不睡觉，为的是独自好好看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我不敢打开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在