大学英语听力教程第三册（第二版）听力原文
UNIT1 Is the Earth Being Squeezed Dry
Part1 Getting ready
Section B
1. The Amazon forests are disappearing because of increased burning and tree removal. In September, satellite pictures showed more than 20000 fires burning in the Amazon. Experts say most of these fires were set by farmers. The farmers were attempting to clear land to grow crops. The World Wildlife Fund says another serious problem is that too many trees in the Amazon rain forest are being cut down. The World Wildlife Fund says the fires show the need for urgent international action to protect the world's rain forests. The group warns that without such action some forests could be lost forever.
2. Environmental issues swell to the full in Berlin this week, for the UN sponsored conference on global warming and climate change is the first such meeting since the Rio summit three years ago. With scientists and governments now generally ready to accept that the earth climate is being affected by emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases, over a hundred countries are sending delegations. But how much progress has been made implementing the greenhouse gas reduction target agreed on at Rio? Simon Dary reports.
Part2 The Earth at risk (1)
I: Brian Cowles is the producer of a new series of documentaries called "The Earth at Risk" which can be seen on Channel 4 later this month. Each program deals with a different continent, doesn't it, Brian?
B: That's right. We went to America, both North and South and then we went over to Africa and South-East Asia.
I: And what did you find in each of these continents?
B: Starting with Africa, our film shows the impact of the population on the environment. Generally speaking, this has caused the Sahara Desert to expand. It's a bit of a vicious circle we find. People cut down trees for firewood and their domestic animals eat all the available plants — and so consequently they have to move south as the Sahara Desert expands further south. I mean, soon the whole of Mali will become a desert. And in East Africa: here the grasslands are supporting too many animals and the result is, of course, there's no grass — nothing for the animals to eat.
I: I see. And the next film deals with North America?
B: That's right. In the USA, as you know, intensive agriculture requires a plentiful supply of rain for these crops to grow; I mean if there isn't enough rain the crops don't grow. And growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. This is also true for any region that is intensely farmed — most of Europe, for example.
I: And what did you find in South America?
B: In South America (as in Central Africa and Southern Asia) tropical forests are being cut down at an alarming rate. This is done so that people can support themselves by growing food or to create ranches where cattle can be raised to be exported to Europe or America as tinned meat. The problem is that the soil is so poor that only a couple of harvests are possible before this very thin soil becomes exhausted. And it can't be fed with fertilizers like agricultural land in Europe. For example, in Brazil in 1982 an area of jungle the size of Britain and France combined was destroyed to make way for an iron ore mine. Huge numbers of trees are being cut down for exports as hardwood to Japan, Europe, USA to make things like luxury furniture. These forests can't be replaced — the forest soil is thin and unproductive and in just a few years, a jungle has become a waste land. Tropical forests contain rare plants (which we can use for medicines, for example) and animals — one animal or plant species becomes extinct every half hour. These forest trees also have worldwide effects. You know, they convert carbon dioxide into oxygen. The consequence of destroying forests is not only that the climate of that region changes (because there is less rainfall) but this change affects the whole world. I mean, over half the world's rain forest has been cut down this century.
Part3 The Earth at risk (2)
Section A
I: So, Brian, would you agree that what we generally think of as natural disasters are in fact man-made?
B: Yes, by and large. I mean, obviously not hurricanes or earthquakes, but take flooding, for example. Practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is getting worse. You know, the cause is that forests have been cut down up in Nepal and India, I mean higher up-river in the Himalayas. Trees would hold rainfall in their roots, but if they've been cut down all the rain that falls in the monsoon season flows straight into the river Ganges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same — the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have been destroyed too.
I: Well, this all sounds terribly depressing. Um ... What is to be done? I mean, can anything be done, in fact?
B: Yes, of course it can. First, the national governments have to be forward-looking and consider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just think as far ahead as the next election. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an international basis. Secondly, the population has to be controlled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furniture — it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expensive and can be produced on environment-friendly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut down.
I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the consequences of their actions?
B: Yes, of course.
I: Well, thank you, Brian.
Section B
I: So, Brian, would you agree that what we generally think of as ... er... as er ... natural disasters are in fact man-made?
B: Yes, by and large ... er ... I mean, obviously not hurricanes or earthquakes, but take flooding, for example. I mean, practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is getting worse. You know, the cause is that forests have been cut down up in Nepal and India ... I mean ... higher up-river in the Himalayas. Trees ...er ... would hold rainfall in their roots, but if they've been cut down all the rain that falls in the monsoon season flows straight into the river Ganges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same — the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have been destroyed too.
Part4 The world is warming up.
We know this because average temperatures are the highest since scientists started measuring them 600 years ago. The increase is about 0.2℃ every year. This may seem very slight, but we know that slight changes in temperature can have a big effect on other things. Most scientists now believe this global warming is due to human activity.
Jeff Jenkins is head of Britain's Climate Prediction Center. He explains how global warming can happen.
"Sunlight strikes the earth and warms it up. At the same time heat leaves the earth, but part of that is trapped by carbon dioxide and other gases in the earth's atmosphere. That has been happening ever since the earth was formed. But the fear is that increasing amounts of carbon dioxide produced by industrial processes and transport and so on will lead to a greater warming of the earth's surface. So that's the global warming that people are concerned about."
People are most concerned about the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are oil, coal, wood and so on. When these burn, they produce the gas carbon dioxide. Many scientists agree that an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide and some of the gases in the atmosphere will increase the amount of warming. Computers are being used to predict what this may mean. They showed that there could be great changes in rainfall and the rise in the sea level as ice caps in the north and south poles melt. This could have a serious effect on agriculture according to Prof. Martin Perry of University College in London. He says it could become more difficult to grow food in the tropics at lower latitudes nearer to the equator.
"The most clear pattern emerging is the possibility of reduced potential production in lower latitude regions, and most generally speaking, increased potential in higher latitude regions. Lower latitude regions are already warm, to put it extremely simply, and plants there are quite near their limits of heat and drought stress. An increase in temperature or reduction in moisture would place limits on crop growth."
Woman: Global warming could reduce food production in lower latitude regions. Lower latitude regions are already warm. Global warming could put more stress on plans and place limits on crop growth.
Food production is only one area that could be affected. There could also be health and social problems. Prof. Antony MacMichael of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine believes that some rural areas are already suffering. And the insects and bacteria could spread disease more easily.
"Already a number of rural populations around the world are suffering from the decline of agricultural systems. Climate change would add to this. And we would expect that it would accelerate the flood of environmental refugees around the world. But it includes not just the food production systems, but the patterns of distribution of insects and infective agents around the world. It includes likely effects on patterns of hear-related food poisoning, water contamination and diarrhea diseases, lots of things like this that would respond sensitively to changes in climate."
Woman: Global warming could affect the distribution of insects. Global warming could change patterns of heat-related food poisoning.
Many countries now agree that something must be done to reduce the danger of global warming. But a worldwide agreement on lowering the production of carbon dioxide has been difficult to reach. This is because many economies depend on fossil fuels like oil. Scientists believe it's now the politicians in every region of the world who need to take action.
Part5 Do you know…?
Environment has taken rather a back seat politically since the Earth summit in Rio de Janeiro nearly 5 years ago. But the problems that meeting highlighted had not gone away. One environmental think tank — the International Food Policy Research Institute — has been looking at the future of water and its report reflects growing concern at the huge leap in usage over the past few years.
In some parts of the world, water consumption has increased five fold. And the institute, known by its initials IFPRI, says shortages could soon become the trigger for conflict and a major barrier to feeding the world's growing population. Here's Richard Black of our Science Unit.
"It's often been said that water rather than oil will be the cause of warfare in the next century. According to the IFPRI report, the time when that happens might not be far away. The number of people affected by water shortage will increase ten fold over the next 30 years, it says, which could well lead to large scale conflicts.
The main reason why water is becoming a scarce resource is agriculture, which now accounts for 70% of water consumption worldwide, 90% in some developing countries. Countless farmers have switched from growing indigenous crops for the home market to high yield export varieties, which inevitably need far more water. But the IFPRI report says that in some regions water shortage is now the single biggest impediment to feeding the population. Water scarcity also leads to water pollution. In the Indian State of West Bengal, for example, over extraction of water from bore holes has led to arsenic poisoning which is estimated to have affected two million people so far. But the IFPRI report calls for better water management worldwide including financial incentives to encourage conservation."
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unit 2
Part1 Getting ready
A: Hello, I'm calling on behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.
B: The what?
A: The World Wildlife Fund. If you've got a few minutes I'd like to tell you what that means.
B: Oh, all right.
A: We work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife. The seas, for example, have become polluted by the industrialized world; whales are being hunted to extinction; turtles are rolled off their eggs when they come ashore to breed or ar e slaughtered for their meat and oil …
B: Oh.
A: Crocodiles are killed to make handbags and shoes; walruses are hunted for their ivory.
B: I see.
A: Seals are bludgeoned to death to provide fur coats and the threat of extinction hangs over several species of whale, dolphin and porpoise.
B: Really.
A: We are now campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.
B: Very interesting.
A: Aided by our campaign, protected nesting sites for turtles have already been set up. As you can see, this is very valuable work and I wonder therefore if you'd like to make a donation?
Part2
John James Audubon was an American artist in the early 1800s, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society named after him was founded in the late 1800s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds, which were being killed so their feathers could be used in the manufacture of women's hats.
Sponsored by the National Audubon Society, more than 40 000 volunteers will be outside counting birds from today until January 3rd. Volunteers from all 50 states of the United States, every Canadian province, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands have begun to count and record every individual bird and bird species observed during the two and one half week period of the count.
Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count editor. He says the count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.
This year, according to Mr. LeBaron, more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10 people taking part, others with hundreds. The logistics of the Christmas bird count, he adds, are simple.
"Each individual count is in a circle. It's a 15 mile diameter circle, um, around the exact center point. And it's always the exactly same area that's done every year, usually, even on the same weekend during the count period. And what the ideal would be, which is virtually impossible, is this census: every single individual bird within that circle on the count day."
Mr. LeBaron says experienced bird counters can get a good idea of the total bird populations within the count circle based on the number of birds they actually see. The editor points out, however, that the counts are not only for experienced bird watchers.
"Anybody that is interested or concerned can become involved. Beginners will go out in a party with experienced individuals who know both the area and the birds in the area, in the field where more eyes and ears are better. And then anybody can point out a bird, and someone in the field will always be able to identify the bird."
Part3
A —Alan Tu R — Rick Troud D — Deborah Duffield P — Peter Jones J — Jean Michel Coustea
[Alan Tu is an announcer for Colorado Public Radio; Peter Jones is a reporter for Colorado Public Radio. The other speakers are identified in the report.]
A: A planned aquatic park in Denver is raising the ire of animal rights activists who object to a proposal to include a captive dolphin display. Although officials for Colorado's Ocean Journeys say they have yet to make a final decision on the issue, local and national activists have already instigated a "No Dolphins in Denver' campaign. As Colorado Public Radio's Peter Jones reports, the battle lines have been clearly drawn.
P: Rick Troud, a former navy dolphin trainer based in Florida, is taking an active role in the "No Dolphins" campaign.
R: Average age in the wild ranges anywhere in some of the studies between 30 and 40 years of age. In captivity, you can expect a dolphin to live maybe 5.13 years, and every 7 years in captivity, the dolphin population is dead.
P: According to Troud, there are many reasons why dolphins can't live full lives in captivity.
R: If you take a look at where the real dolphin is in the real ocean, you find the dolphin who swims 40 miles a day, is very family-oriented. These animals are separated from their mothers; that's a stress. You put them in a concrete tank where their sonar bounces off of walls, they can't swim in the same amount of time and direction that they can in the wild.
P: Environmentalist and ocean explorer, Jean Michel Cousteau:
J: There are some animals which reject captivity right away, and they're very suicidal. I've had one of those in my own arms for many days. The next morning when I came to take care of him, he was dead. And what he'd done was to swim as fast as he could from one end of the pool on ... to the other side and destroyed his head by hitting the wall. They have
a very sophisticated brain. I don't think we have any rights to play with the lives of these animals.
P: Cousteau's anti-captivity position is challenged by Dr. Deborah Duffield, a biology professor at Portland State College in Oregon. Her 1990 study compared captive dolphins to the wild population of Sarasota Bay, Florida. Among other findings, the study showed little if any difference in the average age of death. And Duffield says life is generally getting better for captive dolphins.
D: The census data say that every time I do a census, I've got older and older animals in it as well as this normal age distribution that we've been looking at. So my feeling is that the trend in captivity has been that the groups of animals that we’re following are getting older, and if they continue to do that over the next five years, they will then indeed be older than the wild population.
P: There is also a debate over the educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity. According to Duffield, captive dolphins play an important role in our basic understanding of the animals.
D: I firmly believe that we cannot learn anything about organisms that we share this world with if we do not understand how they live in an environment, and what they do, and that watching them go by in the wild will not do it. I cannot tell what an animal needs, unless I know how it operates, how it breeds, what it needs metabolically, and I can't learn that from animals in the wild.
P: But Troud says the dolphin displays are anti-educational because the animals' natural behavior patterns are altered by captivity.
R: In the wild, you don't have dolphins who beat each other to death. There are no dolphins that I've ever seen stranded on the beach, who are suffering from fractured skulls, fractured ribs or fractured jaws, as is the case in captivity.
P: The Ocean Journey board will take all factors into consideration before making a final decision on whether to include dolphins in the park. For Colorado Public Radio, I'm Peter Jones.
Part4
Mr. LeBaron says there are about 9 300 different known species of birds. Larger numbers of them live in the warmer climates. For example, more than 300 different species have been counted in Panama, while far fewer species are native to colder climates. Aside from their esthetic value, Mr. LeBaron says birds are important to the environment because they can signal changes in it.
"Birds are one of the best indicators that we have of the quality of the environment within the given area. Whether it is a relatively local area, or even primarily on the worldwide bases, they are one of the first things to be altered. They are quite sensitive to a habitat alteration or to other threats. And often times when birds are disappearing out of the area, it just means there is a degradation of the quality of the habitat within that area which will adversely affect everything in there including humans."
National Audubon Society editor Jeffrey LeBaron calls the world's bird populations a source of wealth that humans must protect.
"People get so much pleasure out of looking at birds and listening to birds. And if they start disappearing just the er, the quality of life, um, may be not physically, but the mental quality of life can be degraded quickly."
Jeffrey LeBaron says that while the National Audubon Society's annual Christmas bird counts show a decline in some species, many types of birds are actually increasing their populations.
Part5
Scientists have cataloged more than one and one-half million of the species that exist on Earth today. By some recent estimates, at least 20 times that many species inhabit the planet.
.Up to 100 species becomes extinct every day. Scientists estimate that the total number of species lost each year may climb to 40 000 by the year 2000, a rate far exceeding any in the last 65 million years.
.Around the world more than 3 500 protected areas exist in the form of parks, wildlife refuges and other reserves. These areas cover a total of about 2 million square miles (5 million square km, or 3% of our total land area).
.Today, more than 200 animal species in the United States are classified as endangered. More than 1 000 animal
species are endangered worldwide.
.Little-noticed aquatic animals are in big trouble. In North America, a third of our fish species, two-thirds of our crayfish species and nearly three-quarters of the mussel species are in trouble.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unit 3
part1
Looking here at Wednesday's weather forecast for Europe. It's certainly clear that winter is starting to take its grip on the continent. Berlin on Wednesday, mostly cloudy and very cold, and -2 degrees for your high. Brussels, Belgium, a little warmer at one degree, partly sunny. London, 5 degrees for your high, mostly cloudy throughout the day. In Paris, your high temperature is 0 degrees on Wednesday, partly cloudy as well. Rome, 8 degrees for your high, with periods of clouds and sunshine. And Vienna, Austria, -2 degrees on Wednesday, cloudy and of course cold. Athens, Greece, a little warmer at 10 degrees, periods of clouds and sunshine on Wednesday. Belgrade, Yugoslavia, 1 degree for your high, mostly cloudy. Istanbul, 5 degrees, and partly sunny. And Kiev, Ukraine, -7 degrees, and you can expect snow. Moscow, -9 degrees on Wednesday, also snowy. And in Prague, the Czech Republic, -4 degrees with snow flurries, so sounds like typical of weather for that area of the world. Let's look at what we have here in Washington D.C., no snow yet, but it will be coming.
C
As 1998 ends and people look forward to the last year of the century, the World Almanac spoke with experts about what comes next. Almanac editorial director says the experts believe the next century will bring lots of changes.
"Warm, of course, that our climate is going to continue getting warmer. That's the subject, by the way, of another new article on the 1999 World Almanac. The greenhouse effect, exactly what causes it, and what steps to be taken to, um, perhaps, to alleviate global warmings. I've seen recently that 1998 is going to go down as the warmest year ever on record. And so that's going to be a major issue of the next century, and possible tremendous consequences of the global warmings, whether it is rising sea levels affecting the coastal areas; changes in climate zones affecting what crops can be grown, and in what regions. This is potentially a very significant trend to be watched."
Major ocean storms in the northern part of the world usually develop in late summer or autumn over waters near the equator. They are known by several different names. Scientists call these storms cyclones when they happen just north or south of the equator in the Indian Ocean. In the western Pacific Ocean or the China Sea, these storms are called typhoons. In the eastern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, they are called hurricanes.
Part2
Satellite readings confirm that conditions are right for another El Nino, a cyclic weather pattern that affects the global climate.
"El Nino's normally show up about twice a decade and it lasts about 12 to 18 months, bringing warmer weather to parts of the earth. Some regions become wetter than usual, others drier. The El Nino, which began in 1991 has lingered through this year. Although several years might have been expected to pass before the next one, an American-French satellite observing the oceans has found a sign that El Nino may come back quicker than expected.
"'These kinds of things still happen.' This is Brig Jacker, an oceanographer of the US Naval Research Laboratory in Mississippi.
"'Every year is unpredictable. One year might be El Nino year, one year might not. Generally El Nino's come in four year cycles. But there's nothing to say that you can't have two El Nino years in a row.'
"El Nino's begin with the decline of winds pulling cold water away from South America's west coast to around the equator. This allows warm water in the western Pacific Ocean to expand eastward toward the America's. At the same time, the clouds and rain over the warm water move eastward too. Radar aboard the American-French satellite detected the hint thatsuch water movement began in early August and reached South America two months later. It saw a ripple called a 'Calvin wave' moving slowly eastward. Such pulses sometimes give rise to El Nino conditions in the eastern equatorial Pacific.
"El Nino's can change the weather around the world, but how much depends on its strength. A strong one in 1982 and
1983 has been linked to droughts in Australia and Indonesia, rains and flooding in South America, and unseasonably warm weather in much of the United States. But even the mild El Nino that began in 1991 has caused trouble. It has been associated with devastating floods in the US southeast last year and in the US midwest this year. El Nino's are hard on the South American fishing industry. The warm waters prevent nutrients rich cold water from rising to the surface, causing fish stocks to become depletive. Mr. Jacker said a new El Nino apparently would be mild but he is not betting on it yet.
"The US Naval oceanographer says predictions are difficult because the strength of El Nino depends on how winds affect the 'Calvin wave' that has moved across the Pacific."
Part3
It’s about an hour’s drive from the outskirts of San Jose, California, near the upper side of the state’s high-technology region known as “Silicon Valley”. As a visitor drives up the narrow winding road past red flowers, and eucalyptus trees, one of the first two s eismographic stations in the world, it’s almost a surprise to glimpse the largest dome of Lick Observatory’s eight telescopes. Overlooking the world of computer age manufacturing are telescopes from the turn of the century which help shape our understanding of the universe.
The huge dome, housing Lick Observatory’s giant, one meter wide reflecting telescope, is one of the few instruments in motion this morning on Mount Hamilton. At the 1260-meter summit of Mount Hamilton is a small village of 55 permanent residents, some of them students in a one-room school house. But most at the research complex are visiting astronomers catching their first hours of sleep in an old dormitory after a night’s work at the telescopes. Reminton Stone, director of operations at Lick Observatory has worked at the top of Mount Hamilton for three decades. Now a part of the University of California, Lick Observatory got its name from a wealthy businessman who never studied astronomy as Mr. Stone explains: “And he came to San Franc isco, just before the gold rush and he made a huge amount of money on real estate. When he died, he specified that some portion of his estate should be used to build the largest and most powerful telescope yet made and which was a 36 inch at that time. And at his own request he is buried at the base of the telescope. So this is a memorial to himself.”
The telescope with its one-meter-diameter reflecting lens was the largest telescope in the world for seven years following its completion in 1888. And toda y, it’s still the second largest telescope of its kind. Although the one meter reflecting telescope is still used for some research, it’s hard to adapt today’s electronic instruments to the old historic telescope. Now, it is used mostly as an educational tool for teachers and the thousands of visitors who come each year. While the other telescopes at Lick Observatory are connected to electronic imaging devices that allow the astronomers to view celestial objects on television screens, the 19th century teles cope allows direct viewing with the human eye. It’s one of the few giant telescopes in the world that still requires some users to sit out in the cold under the dark sky and the dome. That brings a feeling of nostalgia to Reminton Stone.
“I really do mi ss being able to see the sky, and seeing these wonderful data appear in the computer screen is really nice, but it’s very divorced from the reality, from the universe. I miss a lot being in a dark place in these fields to look up to see the stars. We go ou t every now and then if we are working at..., we’re at the control room, we do go out to keep track of the skies, where the clouds are, and so forth, but one loses the romance and one gains greatly the efficiency. It’s a trade-off.”
Astronomer Reminton Stone, who manages the Lick Observatory complex at the top of Mount Hamilton, California.
Part4
More and more people need to know about the weather. Anyone wanting information about past weather conditions can turn to a center supported by the United States government.
The National Climatic Data Center reportedly has the world's largest active collection of weather information. The National Climatic Data Center or NCDC was formed in 1951. It was established as a record center for America's Department of Commerce. Its headquarters is in the southern city of Asheville, North Carolina.
The NCDC collects weather records gathered by a number of weather observers and the United States government
agencies. The Department of Defense, the National Weather Service and the coastguard are among those providing weather information. The center also collects weather records from around the world. Some information held by the NCDC is only a few hours old. Other records are a lot older. For example, the office has written weather observations made by early American diplomat Benjamin Franklin and by the third President of the United States Thomas Jefferson. Today modern scientific equipment including satellites, radar and solar radiation systems help people learn about the weather. Information collected by airplanes and ships also is used. The NCDC organizes this information and helps prepare it for publication and other uses. The center assists in the production of written records, weather maps and pictures. The information also is shared by computer, microfilm and telephone. The NCDC produces several publications about earth environment. One has monthly and yearly records about weather conditions in about 270 American cities. Another publication has monthly reports from 1 500 observation stations around the world. It also has information from about 800 upper air stations which measure weather conditions at all levels of the atmosphere. The National Climatic Data Center receives requests for information from all over the world. Last year the center reportedly had more than 900 000 requests from government officials, business owners, weather researchers and the general public.
Part5
Scientists say the weather event known as El Nino is ending. Scientific instruments have shown that the Pacific Ocean waters warmed by El Nino are becoming cooler. Many weather experts are expecting the change in ocean temperatures to lead to conditions known as La Nina. El Nino means the little boy in the Spanish language. La Nina means the little girl.
La Nina develops when winds near the western coast of South America strengthen. This causes cold air to form near the Pacific coast of Peruand Ecuador. Unusually low water temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean are evidence of La Nina. Ocean surface temperatures there drop almost 4°C. La Nina is strongest during winter months in the northern part of the world. It usually lasts one to two years. La Nina's effects can be just as severe as those of El Nino.
Recently weather experts met in Colorado to exchange their findings about La Nina. The National Center for Atmospheric Research organized the conference. The experts agreed that the colder Pacific Ocean waters might influence weather conditions around the world. La Nina could make some places drier than normal and others wetter. Some reports presented at the conference said Southeast Asia is likely to receive a lot of rain during the present La Nina, so could South America, Central America and Africa. The northwestern part of Canada and the United States could be wetter than normal. The studies found that the southern United States could be warmer and drier and more severe storms are possible in the western Atlantic Ocean.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unit 4
Part1
1. A firebomb went off in a busy shopping area in east Belfast last night killing one policeman and injuring several bystanders.
2. Florida authorities say more than 1 000 homes were destroyed by the tornadoes, which ripped through the central part of the state.
3. A dramatic development in the explosive situation on Green Isle: a car ferry from Northbridge to Greenport has been taken over by a group of extremists calling themselves the "Green Action Front".
4. Relief workers in South Korea have finally gotten a break from the severe weather that has hampered efforts to recover from flooding. The flooding and mudslides last month have killed more than 270 people and left thousands homeless
5. A bank in Manchester was robbed at gunpoint yesterday as 5 men burst in at lunchtime wearing masks and carrying shotguns. The robbers escaped with over 10 000 pounds.
6. Florida was hit yesterday afternoon by a hurricane of up to 100 miles an hour. Twenty people are believed to be dead and over 100 injured..
7. The Greek airliner that was hijacked and flown to Algeria on Tuesday is now on its way back to Athens.
Part2
Large numbers of villages have been completely cut off. The official said the death toll could reach 2 000. The Indian army has been called in to help the relief effort. From Deli. Here is David Willis.
The storm with winds of up to 75 miles an hour struck India's southeast coast, flattening homes, destroying crops and cutting transport links. Eyewitnesses reported tidal waves more than 12 feet high. The storm was followed by torrential rains, which swept away roads and railway lines, and flooded low lying areas. More than 40 people are thought to have died when a ferry sank. But most of the deaths have been due to flooding, houses collapsing or electrocutions. More than 100 000 people have been evacuated from their homes and are taking shelter in relief camps. After surveying the flooded area by helicopter, the chief minister said it resembled a burial ground. He's appealed to the federal government to treat the incident as a national calamity. David Willis.
Nine hours Greenwich Mean Time. The news read by Wendy Gordon. The worst of the heavy rains and thunderstorms that have been sweeping parts of Europe during the past week appears to be over. Exceptionally heavy rainfall brought flooding to many parts of Germany, Switzerland, Northern Italy and France and chaos to rail and road transport. Air traffic too has been affected with flight delays at airports. Although most flights are expected to be back to normal by this time tomorrow, there are expected to be serious delays on the German and Italian motorways over the forthcoming holiday weekend and train services are unlikely to be normalized for several days. A government spokeswoman in France announced that the damage to homes and property is expected to be at least four thousand million francs. It is reported that at least five people have lost their lives. Experts agree that casualty figures are low because emergency warnings were issued on the day before the storms began. The federal government in Switzerland has urged motorists and rail travelers not to travel during the next few days and no international traffic will be allowed on the main north-south motorway routes across the country until next Tuesday.
Part3
Another earthquake, the fifth in three days, hit Japan last night. Hundreds of homes have now been destroyed or badly damaged, and thousands have been made homeless since the earthquakes started. Many of the homeless have begun to make themselves makeshift shelters from the rubble. Electricity, gas and water supplies have also been seriously disrupted. Experts believe that the country will be hit by more quakes during the next 48 hours.
It's eight o'clock on Monday the 24th of November. At least 400 people are feared to have died in a major earthquake which shook large areas of southern Italy last night. As rescue work continues in wide areas of southern Italy it is becoming increasingly more likely that the present toll of 400 dead will rise much higher. The tremors were felt all over Italy, from the French border to Sicily, but the worst damage appears to be in small towns and villages, many of them very isolated, outside Naples. Naples itself has also been badly affected. In a little village about sixty miles east of the city scores of people are thought to have died as the earthquake hit a village hospital and a local church as well as many private homes. It appears that there was an evening service going on in the church at the time.
In Naples it was the old part of the city which was worst affected — many buildings of eight or nine stories broke apart and collapsed as the earthquake hit at around 8 p.m. last night. A large proportion of inhabitants spent the night in the open in the streets or squares and as smaller tremors continues, more chaos has ensued as townspeople rush for the countryside, blocking roads and causing traffic jams. Telephone lines have been broken and electricity and water supplies are failing — the fog and cold conditions are making rescue operations very difficult in some of the remoter parts of the south particularly where road conditions are not very good.
Our own correspondent has been to the disaster area and sends us this report...
Part4During an earthquake
When you feel an earthquake, duck under a desk or sturdy table. Stay away from windows, bookcases, file cabinets, heavy mirrors, hanging plants, and other heavy objects that could fall. Watch out for falling plaster and ceiling tiles. Stay
undercover until the shaking stops, and hold onto your cover. If it moves, move with it. Below are some additional tips for specific locations:
If you are in a HIGH-RISE BUILDING, and not near a desk or table, move against an interior wall and protect your head with your arms. Do not use the elevators. Do not be surprised if the alarm or sprinkler systems come on. Stay indoors. Glass windows can dislodge during the quake and sail for hundreds of feet。
If you're OUTDOORS, move to a clear area away from trees, signs, buildings, electrical wires, and poles.
If you're on a SIDEWALK NEAR BUILDINGS, duck into a doorway to protect yourself from falling bricks, glass, plaster, and other debris.
If you're DRIVING, pull over to the side of the road and stop. Avoid overpasses, power lines, and other hazards. Stay inside the vehicle until the shaking is over.
If you're in a CROWDED STORE OR OTHER PUBLIC PLACE, do not rush for exits. Move away from display shelves containing objects that could fall.
If you're in a WHEELCHAIR, stay in it. Move to cover, if possible, lock you wheels, and protect your head with your arms.
If you're in the KITCHEN, move away from the refrigerator, stove, and overhead cupboards. (Take time NOW to anchor appliances, and install security latches on cupboard doors to reduce hazards.)
Part5
There are three ways to get mushrooms, you can buy them, you can hunt them in the wild or you can grow them. Most Americans buy their mushrooms. They eat them many ways. They eat them uncooked in the salad, they cook them with onions and garlic slowly in butter or oil, or they make a hot soup out of them. People even make mushroom bread.
Mushrooms are fungi. They lack the chlorophyll that makes plants green. They grow mainly on dead organic matter such as fallen trees. They are low in calories but high in vitamin B, potassium and niacin. There are hundreds of different kinds of mushrooms. They grow throughout the world. Some of them are very colorful. Most of them are safe to eat. Serious mushroom hunters call the fungi by their scientific names. Many people like to eat mushrooms but have no interest in their names. These people call mushrooms by their popular names such as "slippery Jack" or "chicken fat".
Some mushrooms are poisonous, that is why most Americans buy mushrooms in stores to be sure they are safe to eat. People can get very sick from eating poisonous mushrooms. Some years ago, in Russia, 300 people were rushed to a hospital. They had eaten poisonous mushrooms they had collected. Twenty of them died. That incident, however, was a rare one. Most Russian people know about mushrooms. They are very happy when mushroom hunting time arrives in the late summer and autumn. In August 1990, there was a failed attempt to oust then Russian President Mikhail Gorbachev. However, many people who live in Moscow did not know of the events taking place. They were in the country at the time, searching for mushrooms. During the wild mushroom season in Japan, satellites are used to find Shitokin mushrooms. In France, farmers sometimes use pigs to find mushrooms hidden under the ground. The mushroom reportedly smells like a pig in mating season. Next week, we will tell how to grow your own mushrooms. Then, you can eat them throughout the year without the aid of satellites or pigs.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unit 5
Part1
.Australia is the world's largest island and its smallest continent. Its total area of 3 000 000 square miles is about the same as that of the continental United States (excluding Alaska).
.The area of Nepal is about 54 000 square miles. Within its borders are five of the world's highest peaks.
.Switzerland is a small, landlocked country, 15 944 square miles in area. It's bordered by France, Austria, and Italy.
.More than 20 000 000 people live in Argentina. About 97 percent are of European stock. Most Argentines live on the eastern plains. Fewer than 19% live in the dry western and northwestern provinces.
.Austria is 32 376 square miles in area. This makes it twice the size of neighboring Switzerland. There are about 7 150 000 people living in Austria. More than one third of the people live in or near Vienna, the capital city.
.Colombia is the only country in South America with a coastline on both sides of the continent. It is a big country with an area of 439 828 square miles and about 16 300 000 persons live in Colombia.
.Saudi Arabia's area is estimated to be about 830 000 square miles. Almost all of Saudi Arabia's 7 000 000 people are Arabs. Today Saudi Arabia's vast oil resources are paying for the modernization of the country. Conditions there are changing more rapidly than they have for centuries.
.Denmark proper has an area of only 16 575 square miles. It is the smallest of the Scandinavian countries — Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. But Denmark'population of over 4 600 000 is greater than that of Norway and more than half that of Sweden.
Part2
Thank you for calling the Daily News Information line on Canada.
Canada is a huge country, second in size only to the former Soviet Union. Yet it has only 26 million people, which is less than half the population of the United Kingdom. It extends from the Great Lakes in the south to the majestic Rocky Mountains in the west, and the bleak Arctic Islands in the far north. A third of the country is covered by forest and there are also vast grasslands and countless lakes and rivers.
There are great variations in climate. Winters are extremely cold except in Vancouver which has a milder climate owing to its location on the west coast, so take a heavy overcoat and a fur hat. Canadian summers are warm on the whole, especially inland, so you'll only need lightweight clothing.
A quarter of all Canadians, mainly those living in the province of Quebec in the east, speak French as their first language. In addition, there are half a million American Indians, a million Germans and smaller numbers of Italians, Ukranians and Inuit. Canada has two official languages: English and French, except in the province of Quebec where French alone is the official language. You'll find English spoken virtually everywhere apart from Quebec and if you plan to visit Quebec City, you'll definitely need a French phrasebook if you don't speak French.
Eating out is a pleasure in Canada and you'll find restaurants, coffee shops and snack bars to suit every pocket. Menus offer a wide choice with excellent seafood like Pacific salmon, lobsters and clams, meat dishes including moose steaks and beefsteaks, and also a range of ethnic foods. For the sweet course, the specialty/speciality is waffles, a kind of thick pancake, served with maple syrup. Beer is good but foreign wines, even those from neighboring America, tend to be quite dear and local wines are not particularly good.
Canada has some of the world's most modern shopping centers. Clothes tend to be slightly expensive by European standards but there are some bargains to be had. Good buys include moccasins, a kind of soft leather shoe made by Indians, woolen gloves and sweaters, wood carvings, leather goods and maple syrup, of course.
Part3
Nancy: Oh, David, hi! You know, I've been meaning to talk to you. I'm planning a trip to Australia, and I wonder if you could give me some advice.
David: Sure! What ... what do you want to know?
Nancy：Well, I thought I'd start my trip in Sydney. What should I see there?
David: Well, the most important thing to see, of course, is the harbor, which is the most beautiful in the world.
Nancy：Oh, right. Do they have boat trips?
David：Yeah, of course, they do. They have wonderful boat trips! The one ... the one that I recommend particularly is ... is a trip around the harbor in an old sailing ship.
Nancy：Oh, that sounds like lots of fun!
David: Yeah. And, of course, then there's the Sydney Opera House, which ... which everyone knows about. And, uh, you can see ... see wonderful things there ... concerts and opera and theater.
Nancy: Oh, I definitely want to go there! Now what about places to stay? Can you recommend some place inexpensive?
David: Yeah, let me see ... Probably, of course, you know I don't stay in these places, but probably the most inexpensive place would be ... would be a backpacker's hotel. There are lots of those.
Nancy：OK, thanks. That sounds good. Uh, where should I go after Sydney?
David: After Sydney, let's see ... I'd recommend that you travel up the coast to the Great Barrier Reef, which is in North Queensland.
Nancy: Right. I've heard a lot about it! But what is there to do there?
David: Well, you can go scuba diving and see the coral reef and the tropical fish up close ...
Nancy : You know I don't like to get wet.
David: Well, there ... there're always ... always these glass-bottom boats you can ... you can travel on. They're ... they're fabulous! Yeah, and, uh, there're ... there are literally hundreds of islands you can explore.
Nancy: Wow! And are there places to stay?
David: Yeah, sure. If you want to spend lots of money, you can stay at one of these fabulous resort hotels or, if you want to ... want to do it on the cheap, you can ... you can go to a guesthouse, which are much cheaper.
Nancy: Right. That sounds good. Well, what next?
David: Next, well, I guess you should ... should go inland to ... to Ayers Rock in Uluru National Park.
Nancy: Ayers Rock? What is that? How do you spell it?
David: It's ... it's Ayres Rock. It's ... it's spelled ... let's see, A-Y-E-R-S. It's the largest rock in the world! You must know about it!
Nancy: No kidding! No, I've never heard of it! What do you do when you visit it?
David: Well, it's mainly hiking and trekking. You can ... you can walk right round the base of it if you like. [Huh!] It takes about ... it's ... it's about five and a half miles, I guess, but [Wow!] it's really well worth it. And, uh, there are cave paintings in the rock, and the colors of the rock ... at ... at sunrise and sunset ... are just fabulous!
Nancy: Sounds like I should bring my camera!
David: You sure should! Finally, let's see, I guess you should travel... travel north to visit the Kakadu National Park.
Nancy: Kakadu? How do you spell that?
David: K-A-K-A-D-U. It's ... it's a tropical forest where you can go hiking and see all sorts of wildlife ...
Nancy: Oh?
David: Oh, and there are some beautiful waterfalls there as well.
Nancy: And do they allow camping there?
David: Yeah, there are lots and lots of campsites. The only thing is that you've got to watch out for the crocodiles!
Nancy: Ugh! Well, David, thanks a lot! You've been a big help!
David: No problem.
Nancy: I can't wait to go!
Statements:
1. When David was in Sydney, he didn't stay there for night.
2. The Great Barrier Reef is in South Queensland in Australia.
3. From what Nancy says, one can know that she is fond of swimming.
4. In Uluru National Park, Nancy can see the largest rock in the world.
5. If Nancy likes to walk around the base of the rock, she has to walk about five miles.
6. Nancy will bring her camera with her when she travels in Australia.
7. There are no crocodiles in the tropical forest in Australia.
Part4
Denver is the largest city and capital of the western state of Colorado. There's a marker on the step in the State Capitol Building. Standing there, you are exactly 1.6 kilometers above sea level, one mile high. Denver is known as "the-mile-high city", but it does not appear to be that high. This is because it is built almost completely on smooth flat land. Denver is the
largest city of the Rocky Mountains. Many people believe it is actually in the Rocky Mountains. However, it is about 50 kilometers east of them.
The city of Denver has a population of about 470 000 people. This makes it the 26th largest city in the United States. The area around Denver has more than 1 600 000 people. City officials are proud of the fact that Denver receives more than 300 days of sunshine a year. Storms moving east across the country lose much of their strength in the Rockies. So Denver gets only about 35 centimeters of rain and snow a year. The nearby mountains, however, get a lot more than that.
Denver is the business and marketing center for all the Rocky Mountain area. It has more than 1 500 manufacturing companies. Food processing is the main manufacturing activity. Other factories make equipment for the defense, space, high technology and transportation industries. Gold production is also important. Denver is home to companies that control half the gold produced in the United States.
The computer and communications industries have become increasingly important in recent years. Denver has the third highest number of high technology jobs in relation to the population. The area also has become a center for companies that do business in other countries. This is true throughout the western states. In fact, more jobs in the American west are linked to foreign trade than in any other part of the country.
Tourism is also an important industry in Denver. For example, the Colorado History Museum shows the history of the native American Indians, gold miners and other people who moved to Colorado. The Denver Museum of Natural History shows Indian objects and examples of local wildlife. Many visitors to Colorado and the Rocky Mountains use Denver's new international airport, which opened in 1995. It was the first major new airport built in the United States in 21 years. It cost almost 5 000 million dollars. It is the largest airport in North America, almost 90 000 passengers land at Denver International Airport each day.
There is a lot to see and do in Denver. The State Capitol Building is in the center of the city. The top is covered with more than 500g of gold. On a clear day, a visitor to the Capitol can see for a distance of almost 250 kilometers. 87 years ago, city officials began to purchase land to make sure it would be protected from development. Today, the city owns 8 000 hectares. On this land, Denver has built the largest city park system in the nation. Finally, there's Larama Square. It is a business area that is said to look like Denver of the early 1900s. Larama Square is filled with old buildings, gas lights and vehicles pulled by horses. It is a part of the new Denver that lives in the past.
Part5
- This country is an island, and it has a very small population, and most of the population live in the capital city.
- Is it a very dry country?
- Um - no.
- Is it in the Caribbean?
- No, it isn't.
- Is it in the Pacific?
- No.
- Is it in Europe? (Uh, huh)
- Is it divided into two halves?
- No.
- Is it very popular for tourists?
- Not really, no.
- Is it in the Mediterranean?
- No.
- Is it in the Atlantic?
- Um, yes, I think so.
- It's not Iceland, is it?
- Yes.
- This country is quite a large country. It has changed its capital since the Second World War, and it's famous for its jungles.
- Is it an African country?
- No, it isn't.
- Is it a South American country?
- Yes.
- Sorry, did you say it was large or small?
- Er, pretty large. (large)
- Does it have a newly-built capital?
- Yes, it does.
- Brazil?
- Brazil. That's correct.
- This is a small country. It's mountainous and it has a small population.
- Is it in Europe?
- No.
- Is it in Asia?
- No.
- South America?
- No.
- Africa?
- No.
- North America?
- No.
- Is it a hot country?
- Slightly hotter than Britain.
- Does it have a dry climate or…?
- No, it has a very wet climate.
- A small population, you said?
- Yes.
- Is it an island country?
- Yes.
- Divided into two islands?
- Yes.
- Is it New Zealand?
- Yes.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Unit 6
Part1
Presenter: Today Selina Kahn is in the arrival area at Gatwick Airport checking out today's topic —national stereotypes. Selina ...
Selina: Thanks, John. I have with me Eric, who's just flown in with Virgin Atlantic from the USA.
Eric: That's right. I've just come back from New York.
Selina: Is it as dangerous as they say?
Eric: No, New York isn't dangerous, no more than any other big city, especially if you're careful and don't advertise the fact that you're a tourist.
Selina: And is it true what they say about New Yorkers, that they're rude, and that they only care about themselves?
Eric: Well, I found the people were very friendly. However, they do have a reputation for not caring about other people. I think the reason for this is that life in New York is incredibly stressful. People just don't have the time to think about anybody else. It isn't that they don't care.
Selina: Is there anything else you noticed about New Yorkers?
Eric: Two things I had heard about before I went to New York did seem to be true, though. First is that they are always talking about money and how much things cost. Secondly, it's that people eat all the time as they go about their daily lives, you know they "graze on the hoof" as they walk about the streets.
Selina: Thanks Eric, and now I have with me, Sue, who's been to the south of France ...
Part2
New Zealand is an island country in the South Pacific Ocean about 1 200 miles southeast of Australia. It has about 2 575 000 people. Two thirds live on the North Islands, and one third on the larger South Island. Most of them are of British descent.
Almost everyone in New Zealand knows how to read and write. The government provides free education for children from ages 3 to 19. Education is compulsory for children between the ages of 7 and 15, but most enter school by the age of 5. Young children who live far from schools belong to the Government Correspondence School and listen to daily school broadcasts on the radio.
New Zealanders enjoy one of the highest standards of living in the world. There are no people of great wealth, but poverty is practically unknown. The majority of families live in one-story wooden homes. Most families have an automobile, and many have modern home appliances. Because the country is a major producer of sheep and dairy products, meat and butter form a larger share of the diet than is common in other countries. The people are among the world's greatest tea drinkers.
Many of the books, magazines, and movies in New Zealand come from the United Kingdom or the United States. But the number of books published in the country is growing rapidly. Musical and theatrical groups come from Europe and North America to perform. The larger cities have radio and television stations. The National Symphony Orchestra gives concerts throughout the country, and there are also opera and ballet companies.
New Zealanders enjoy the outdoors, and people of all ages take part in sports. Favorite holiday activities are camping, boating, hunting and fishing. Horse racing draws large crowds to racetracks. Rugby football is a national game. Other team sports are soccer, cricket, basketball, and field hockey.
Statements:
1. New Zealand is about 1 400 miles from Australia.
2. More people live on the larger South Island than the North Island in New Zealand.
3. Most New Zealanders are of British origin.
4. Children in New Zealand usually go to school at the age of
5.
5. Not many New Zealanders have their own cars.
6. New Zealanders are fond of drinking a lot of tea.
Part3
Paul comes from Jamaica.
Interviewer: What do you think of English food?
Paul: English food — right now, I can enjoy it, but when I first came up from the West Indies, I found it rather distasteful, rather boring, no flavor, no taste.
Interviewer: What do you think of the English weather?
Paul: The English weather — I do not think there are enough adjectives to describe (it) — miserable, cold, damp, changeable, depressing. I think bleak is the best word.
Interviewer: Now what do you think about English people and their way of life?
Kindergarten: a school or class for young children, usually four to six years old, that prepares them for Nursery school: a school for very young children, usually 3 to 5 years of age Coo: speak gently and lovely wedding: the act or ceremony of becoming married Bride: a woman who has just been married or is about to be married relationship: Pick up: stop for and take or bring(person) along with one a romantic or sexual involvement Stability: steadiness, the state of being not likely to separate, break down or fall apart Discipline: strict control to enforce obedience; punishment / control, train, punish Lenient: merciful, not severe in disciplining, punishing, judging, ect. Spare the rod, spoil the child: a child who is not punished will become undisciplined and unruly. Harsh: unpleasant, unkind, cruel or more severe than is necessary Foldaway: that can be folded together for easy storage.Detached: not connected, separate Blind: anything that keeps out light, as a window shade or shutter. Estate: landed property; individually owned piece of land containing a residence. Sink:any of various basins, as in a kitchen or laundry, connected with a drainpipe and usually, with Appliance: a device or machine for performing a specific task, esp. one that is worked mechanically Property: a building or area of land, or both together Mortgage: an agreement that allows you to borrow money from or similar organization, Tenant: a person who pays rent for the use of land or a building Counselor: someone who is paid to listen to people’s problems and provide support and advice. Make the grade: succeed; reach the necessary standard quit: stop (doing something) and leave Goody-goody: a person who likes to appear faultless in behavior so as to please others, not because Emblazon: decorate something with a design, a symbol or words so that people will notice it easily Go to pieces: lose the ability to think or act clearly because of fear, sorrow, ect. Potter about: do things or move without hurrying, especially when you are doing something that Plough through: make slow progress through something difficult or boring especially a book Small hours: the early morning hours just after midnight.Regulate: make work at a certain speed Well-rounded: complete; well-planned for proper balance Abstruse:deep; hard to understand Compulsory: required; obligatory; that must be done Be cut out for: be fitted for; be suited for Burn one’s bridges: destroy all means of going back, so that one must go forward Segregation: separation; isolation; the policy or practice of compelling racial groups or people of Dispel: scatter or drive away; cause to disappear Cohort: a group of people who share a common feature or aspect of behavior High-flyer: a person who has the desire and the ability to be very successful in their job or their Flunk: fail to reach the required standard in (an exam, test, or course of study) Career: the general course of a person’s working life. Client: a person who buys goods or services Personnel: the department of a company or organization that deals with its employees when they need Make a fortune: earn a great amount of money, possessions, etc. Torture: severe pain or suffering caused in the mind or body Shift: a group of workers who take turns with one or more other groups Teamwork: the ability of a group of people to work together effectively Survey: a general examination or study (of conditions, opinions, etc.), especially carried out by Cross-section: a part or group that is typicalor representative of the whole Brainstorming: a way of making a group of people all think about sth at the same time, often in order
Listen this way听力教程第三册-6 Unit 6 Find the Right Words Part I Getting ready Audioscript: The English language can be traced back to prehistoric Indo-European through the West Germanic line. However, many other influences have shaped the development of Modern English. We will review some important dates in the history of the English language. The first three are Latin influences: 1. In 5,5 B.C. Caesar conquered Britain and the Celtic people. 2. In 4 3. B.C. Rome colonized the island. 3. The Romans remained for 400 years (the first four centuries of the Christian Era). The next significant dates were: 4. The year 499 (which was the year of the Anglo-Saxon conquest of the island). 5. From 500 on, the West Germanic language was the basic language of Britain (or England).
新视野大学英语读写教程第三册答案(全)
U n i t 1 III 1 beneath 2 disguised 3 whistles 4 restrain 5 grasp 6 longing 7 praying 8 faithful 9 pledge 10 drain IV 1 tell … on you 2 track down 3 work it out 4 picking on me 5 reckoned with 6 call on 7 on his own 8 get through 9 in disguise 10 revolves around V G O D I K L B F A N VI 1 advise 2 level 3 problems 4 necessity 5 skills 6 experience 7 solution 8 value 9 tool 10 manner VII 1 air-conditioned( 装空调的；有冷气的 ) 2 handmade （手工制作的） 3 thunderstruck （非 常吃惊的） 4 heartfelt （衷心的；诚挚的） 5 data-based （基于数据的）6 self-employe d （自主经营的） 7 custom-built （定制的；定做的） 8 weather-beaten （饱经风霜的） VIII 1. well-informed （对…… 非常熟悉的） 2 new-found （新获得的） 3 hard-earned （辛苦挣得 的） 4 soft-spoken （说话温柔的） 5 newly-married （新婚的） 6 widely-held （普遍认为的） 7 well-meant （出于好意的） 8 well-educated （受过良好教育的） IX 1 no matter how different it may seem form any other substance 2 no matter what a woman tries to do to improve her situation 3 no matter what excuse he gives 4 no matter what anyone else may think 5 no matter how they rewrite history X 1 just as we gained fame in victory, we lost nothing in defeat 2 just as the head teacher plays a significant role in the school, Jane plays a significant role f leader in the classroom. 3 whoever was out there obviously couldn ’t see him just as he couldn ’t see them. 4 she has been searching all her life for the perfect chocolate just as I have been searching for the perfect beer. 5 you can make those kinds of comparisons just as you were doing the analyses a minute ago. XI 1. No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech, you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception.
新视野大学英语视听说教程三――听力原文及答案新视野大学英语视听说教程第三册 听力练习录音文本和答案 完整版 Uint1 II. Basic Listening Practice 1. Script W: Ok. It‘s your turn to pay the bill. I paid last time. M: What? You have a selective memory. You tried to pay last turn, but your credit card fail ed; so I ended up paying! It‘s definitely your turn. Q: What is true according to the conversation? 2. Script M: I‘m having real trouble reviewing for this French exam. I just can‘t memorize all the vocabulary. W: Me too. I hate having to learn things by heart. I guess we just have to keep reading the texts over and over. Q: What does the woman prefer? 3. Script W: Oh look! There‘s that guy we saw last week, playing football in the park! He
looked great in his kit, remember? M: Him? I don‘t remember him. I‘ve got a terrible memory for faces. I have a hard time even recording people I‘ve been introduced to. Q: According to the conversation, what is the man‘s problem? 4. Script M: Why is there a big sign on the back of your door that says ―keys‖? W: It‘s to remind me to take my keys when I go out because I‘m always locking myself out by accident! It doesn‘t help enough. Now I just forget to read the sign. Q: Why is there a sign on the back of the door? 5. Script M: That history exam was really hard. The essay question was terrible! W: I know, I wish I were like David. He has a photographic memory, you know. How useful that would be! Q: What is true of David? Keys: 1.C 2.D 3. A 4.B 5.C III. Listening In Script M: Tell me your secret. You‘re suddenly getting excellent marks in every subject, and
Unit 4 Section One Tactics for Listening Part 1 Phonetics Stress, Intonation and Accent Script Listen to some short conversations. Has the second speaker finished talking? Tick the right box. 1. A: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the secretary’s off ice is, please? B: Yes. It’s up the stairs, then turn left, …↗ 2. A: Excuse me. Can you tell me where the toilets are? B: Yes, they’re at the top of the stairs. ↘ 3. A: What did you do after work yesterday? B: Ah, well, I went for a drink in the pub opposite the carpark. ↘ 4. A: What did you do after work yesterday? B: Oh, I ran into Jane and Tom, …↗ 5. A: Excuse me, can you tell me how the machine works? B: Certainly. Erm, first of all you adjust the height of the stool, and then put four 10-pence pieces there, ... ↗ 6. A: Excuse me, can you tell me how the machine works? B: Yes. You put 30 pence in the slot and take the ticket out here. ↘Key Part 2 Listening and Note-Taking Frog Legs Script A. Listen to some sentences and fill in the blanks with the missing words. 1. Many Asian cultures have included frog legs in their diets for centuries. 2. By 1977 the French government banned commercial hunting of its own amphibians. 3. Indian scientists have describ ed as “disastrous” the rate at which frogs are disappearing from the rice fields and wetlands. 4. The United States imported more than 6.5 million pounds of frozen frog meat each year between 1981 and 1984.
Unit 1 Under the Same Roof PartⅠ B. 1.picture two 2.picture one 3.picture four 4.picture three C. 1.He’s a cook 2.There are six people in my family 3.She turned twenty in August 4.They live in Tokyo 5.I have two brothers and one sister 6.His name is David 7.She works in a hospital 8.Since 1994 9.Yes,two daughters and one son 10.We met at my best friend’s bi rthday party PartⅡ A. 1.The parents 2.The children 3.Different but equal 4.Women’s 5.You know that you have to work at it to create love 6.Helping people learn to work at their relationships to make their relationship work B. lauthoritarian model:children have no rights permissive era:children are the bosses;they are allowed to do whatever they want to;parents run around behind them third position:parents and children are different but equal women’s movement:women demand a freer choice about who they are and how they can be appreciation for men: (1) being bread-winner and providers for families (2) being more involved with their childre arranged marriage:you have to work at it to create the love marriage out of love:you don’t know how to work at it when it gets tricky,and you are more easily to opt out PartⅢ A. 1.separate 2.Smoking,drinking 3.collecting 4.On the railway
新视野第三册答案 Unit 1 Section A. The Expensive Fantasy of Lord Williams 《读写教程III》:Ex. II, p. 9 1. Because this is a title bought with stolen money. The guy‘s real name is Anthony Williams. 2. It‘s small, with a population of only 320. 3. No. He looks like a Scottish noble, soft-spoken and wealthy. 4. The truth is that the man with endless money and a friendly manner was not a lord at all but a government employee living out a fantasy that he was a Scottish noble and paying for it by stealing funds from Scottish Yard. 5. He stole more than eight million pounds over eight years and poured about five million pounds into the village. 6. Most of the stolen money was supposed to be used to pay spies and conduct secret activities against the Irish Republican Army. 7. He used the money to buy an estate, a beautiful home, and a dozen noble titles. But most of all, he sunk his dishonest gains into the village, buying multiple cottages, a pub and a run-down hotel and turning them into very good-looking places. 8. His bank deposits were so large that they were noticed by the bank‘s management. The bank then notified the police, who discovered that the criminal was one of their own. 9. Because in the eyes of some villagers Williams is a helper, pouring most of his stolen money into the village and giving jobs to 43 people. 10. He said in an interview after he was arrested: ―I discovered this bloody huge amount of money. I went from the need to pay off a few debts to what can only be described as greed. There is no way to just ify it.‖ 《读写教程Ⅲ》:Ex. Ⅲ, p. 9 1. suspicion 2. restored 3. considerate 4. inherited 5. furnish 6. justify 7. substantial 8. fantastic 《读写教程Ⅲ》:Ex. Ⅳ, p. 10 1. To his embarrassment he discovered 2. like that 3. strike deals with 4. live it out 5. falls upon dark days
英语听力教程第三版(张民伦主编)Unit-8-The-Sound-of-Musi c听力原文
Listen this way听力教程第三册-8 Unit 8 The Sound of Music Part I Getting ready A quiz game show is a type of radio or television programming genre in which contestants, television personalities or celebrities, sometimes as part of a team, play a game which involves answering questions or solving puzzles usually for money and/or prizes. A The following words will appear in this unit. Listen carefully and study the definitions. 1. panel：a group of specialists who give their advice or opinion about something 2. contender：a person who takes part in a competition or tries to win something 3. nomination：the act of suggesting or choosing somebody as a candidate in an election, or for a job or an award 4. cinematography：the art or process of making films 5. score：the music written for a film/movie or play
Listen this way 听力教程第三册-5 Unit 5 Meet People from around the World Part I Getting ready Audioscript: Presenter：Today Selina Kahn is in the arrival area at Gatwick Airport checking out today's topic -- national stereotypes. Selina ... Selinar：Thanks, John. I have with me Eric, who's just flown in with Virgin Atlantic from the USA. Eric：That's right. I've just come back from New York. Selinar：Is it as dangerous as they say? Eric：No, New York isn't dangerous, no more than any other big city, especially if you're careful and don't advertise the fact that you're a tourist. Selinar：And is it true what they say about New Yorkers, that they're rude, and that they only care about themselves?
Eric：Well, I found the people were very friendly. However, they do have a reputation for not caring about other people. I think the reason for this is that life in New York is incredibly stressful. People just don't have the time to think about anybody else. It isn't that they don't care. Selinar：Is there anything else you noticed about New Yorkers? Eric：Two things I had heard about before I went to New York did seem to be true, though. First is that they are always talking about money and how much things cost. Secondly, it's that people eat all the time as they go about their daily lives, you know they "graze on the hoof" as they walk about the streets. Selinar：Thanks Eric, and now I have with me, Sue, who's been to the south of France ... Part II New Icelanders Audioscript: New Zealand is an island country in the South Pacific Ocean about 1 200 miles southeast of Australia. It has about 2 575 000 people. Two thirds live on the North Islands, and one third on the larger South Island. Most of them are of British descent. Almost everyone in New Zealand knows how to read and write. The
新视野大学英语第三册课后翻译全解 Unit 1 ①我还要感谢那些在我处境艰难时支持我的人。(stick by; fall on hard days ) My thanks also go to those who still stuck by me when I fell on hard days. ②他出版了一本通俗小说, 赚了很多钱, 所以有能力买新房和轿车. (now that) Now that he has published a popular novel which earns him a large amount of money, he is able to buy a new house and a car. ③警察说, 他们产生怀疑是因为姑娘的尸体上还有其他印记。(suspicion) The police said that their suspicions were aroused because there still were other marks on the girl’s body. ④你怎么能这样对她说话?是她把你养大, 帮你完成学业.(like that) How can you talk to her like that? It is she who brought you up and helped you finish school. ⑤尽管这些学生毕业后道路会很艰难，但他们的前途却是光明的. (as) Difficult as the road for these students after graduation will be, their futures are bright. ⑥为了有足够的钱来经营这个商行, 他拍卖了新买的房子, 损失了一大笔钱.(at auction) In order to get enough money to conduct the business, he sold his newly-bought house at auction even at a substantial loss. ⑦他批评警察局长对自己的部门监管不严是完全有道理的.(justify) He is perfectly justified in criticizing the police commissioner for poorly supervising his department. ⑧为吸引外宾，这些受保护的古代建筑被修复得很漂亮.(restore) In order to attract foreigners, these ancient buildings which are under protection have been restored beautifully. Unit 2 ①大多数缺铁的人并不知道他们缺铁. Most people with low iron reserves don’t know they are lack of iron. ②仅仅查出运输氧气的血液蛋白的含量是不够的. It’s not enough only to check levels of the blood protein that transports oxygen. ③男性也不安全, 尤其是那些吃肉少, 运动量却很大的男性. Men are not safe, especially those who eat little meat and have a high level of exercise. ④属于这些类型的人, 最好每年做一次血液检查, 看看体内铁质储量如何. It’s recommended that people in these groups have a yearly blood test to measure blood iron reserves. ⑤铁质补剂会让人有一种想吐的感觉, 有些情况下它们还可能有毒. Iron supplements may cause a feeling of wanting to throw up, and may be poisonous in some cases. ⑥最好的铁质来源是肉, 鸡, 鱼, 枣, 豆类以及一些带叶子的绿色蔬菜. The best sources of iron are meat, chicken, fish, dates, beansand some leafy green vegetables. ⑦有时人们需要服用铁质补剂是因为这些补剂补充了谷类食物中原本含量不多的铁质. The reason why people sometimes take iron supplements is that the supply supplement the little amount that naturally occurs in grains. ⑧把番茄酱在铁锅内熬上三小时, 其铁的含量会明显增加. Cook tomato sauce in an iron pot for three hours, and its iron content will increase evidently. Unit 3
Book Three UNIT 1 Section One Part 1 Spot Dictation Houses in the Future Well, I think houses in the future will probably be (1) quite small but I should think they'll be (2) well-insulated so that you don't need so much (3) heating and (4) cooling as you do now, so perhaps very economical (5) to run. Perhaps they will use (6) solar heating, although I don't know, in this country, perhaps we (7) won't be able to do that so much. Yes, I think they'll be full of (8) electronic gadgets: things like very advanced televisions, videos, perhaps videos which take up ... the screen (9) takes up the whole wall. I should think. Yes, you'll have things like (10) garage doors which open automatically when you (11) drive up, perhaps electronic (12) sensors which will (13) recognize you when you, when you come to the front door even. Perhaps (14) architects and designers will be a bit more (15) imaginative about how houses are designed and perhaps with the (16) shortage of space people will think of putting gardens (17) on the roof and, and maybe rooms can be (18) expanded and, and (19) contracted* depending on what you use them for, so perhaps there'll be a bit more (20) flexibility about that.