Field Behavior of an Integral Abutment Bridge Supported on Drilled Shafts

Introduction to Artificial Intelligence智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下哈尔滨工程大学哈尔滨工程大学第一章测试1.All life has intelligence The following statements about intelligence arewrong（）A:All life has intelligence B:Bacteria do not have intelligence C:At present,human intelligence is the highest level of nature D:From the perspective of life, intelligence is the basic ability of life to adapt to the natural world答案:Bacteria do not have intelligence2.Which of the following techniques is unsupervised learning in artificialintelligence?（）A:Neural network B:Support vector machine C:Decision tree D:Clustering答案:Clustering3.To which period can the history of the development of artificial intelligencebe traced back?（）A:1970s B:Late 19th century C:Early 21st century D:1950s答案:Late 19th century4.Which of the following fields does not belong to the scope of artificialintelligence application?（）A:Aviation B:Medical C:Agriculture D:Finance答案:Aviation5.The first artificial neuron model in human history was the MP model,proposed by Hebb.（）A:对 B:错答案:错6.Big data will bring considerable value in government public services, medicalservices, retail, manufacturing, and personal location services. （）A:错 B:对答案:对第二章测试1.Which of the following options is not human reason:（）A:Value rationality B:Intellectual rationality C:Methodological rationalityD:Cognitive rationality答案:Intellectual rationality2.When did life begin? （）A:Between 10 billion and 4.5 billion years B:Between 13.8 billion years and10 billion years C:Between 4.5 billion and 3.5 billion years D:Before 13.8billion years答案:Between 4.5 billion and 3.5 billion years3.Which of the following statements is true regarding the philosophicalthinking about artificial intelligence?（）A:Philosophical thinking has hindered the progress of artificial intelligence.B:Philosophical thinking has contributed to the development of artificialintelligence. C:Philosophical thinking is only concerned with the ethicalimplications of artificial intelligence. D:Philosophical thinking has no impact on the development of artificial intelligence.答案:Philosophical thinking has contributed to the development ofartificial intelligence.4.What is the rational nature of artificial intelligence?（）A:The ability to communicate effectively with humans. B:The ability to feel emotions and express creativity. C:The ability to reason and make logicaldeductions. D:The ability to learn from experience and adapt to newsituations.答案:The ability to reason and make logical deductions.5.Which of the following statements is true regarding the rational nature ofartificial intelligence?（）A:The rational nature of artificial intelligence includes emotional intelligence.B:The rational nature of artificial intelligence is limited to logical reasoning.C:The rational nature of artificial intelligence is not important for itsdevelopment. D:The rational nature of artificial intelligence is only concerned with mathematical calculations.答案:The rational nature of artificial intelligence is limited to logicalreasoning.6.Connectionism believes that the basic element of human thinking is symbol,not neuron; Human's cognitive process is a self-organization process ofsymbol operation rather than weight. （）A:对 B:错答案:错第三章测试1.The brain of all organisms can be divided into three primitive parts:forebrain, midbrain and hindbrain. Specifically, the human brain is composed of brainstem, cerebellum and brain (forebrain). （）A:错 B:对答案:对2.The neural connections in the brain are chaotic. （）A:对 B:错答案:错3.The following statement about the left and right half of the brain and itsfunction is wrong （）.A:When dictating questions, the left brain is responsible for logical thinking,and the right brain is responsible for language description. B:The left brain is like a scientist, good at abstract thinking and complex calculation, but lacking rich emotion. C:The right brain is like an artist, creative in music, art andother artistic activities, and rich in emotion D:The left and right hemispheres of the brain have the same shape, but their functions are quite different. They are generally called the left brain and the right brain respectively.答案:When dictating questions, the left brain is responsible for logicalthinking, and the right brain is responsible for language description.4.What is the basic unit of the nervous system?（）A:Neuron B:Gene C:Atom D:Molecule答案:Neuron5.What is the role of the prefrontal cortex in cognitive functions?（）A:It is responsible for sensory processing. B:It is involved in emotionalprocessing. C:It is responsible for higher-level cognitive functions. D:It isinvolved in motor control.答案:It is responsible for higher-level cognitive functions.6.What is the definition of intelligence?（）A:The ability to communicate effectively. B:The ability to perform physicaltasks. C:The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills. D:The abilityto regulate emotions.答案:The ability to acquire and apply knowledge and skills.第四章测试1.The forward propagation neural network is based on the mathematicalmodel of neurons and is composed of neurons connected together by specific connection methods. Different artificial neural networks generally havedifferent structures, but the basis is still the mathematical model of neurons.（）A:对 B:错答案:对2.In the perceptron, the weights are adjusted by learning so that the networkcan get the desired output for any input. （）A:对 B:错答案:对3.Convolution neural network is a feedforward neural network, which hasmany advantages and has excellent performance for large image processing.Among the following options, the advantage of convolution neural network is（）.A:Implicit learning avoids explicit feature extraction B:Weight sharingC:Translation invariance D:Strong robustness答案:Implicit learning avoids explicit feature extraction;Weightsharing;Strong robustness4.In a feedforward neural network, information travels in which direction?（）A:Forward B:Both A and B C:None of the above D:Backward答案:Forward5.What is the main feature of a convolutional neural network?（）A:They are used for speech recognition. B:They are used for natural languageprocessing. C:They are used for reinforcement learning. D:They are used forimage recognition.答案:They are used for image recognition.6.Which of the following is a characteristic of deep neural networks?（）A:They require less training data than shallow neural networks. B:They havefewer hidden layers than shallow neural networks. C:They have loweraccuracy than shallow neural networks. D:They are more computationallyexpensive than shallow neural networks.答案:They are more computationally expensive than shallow neuralnetworks.第五章测试1.Machine learning refers to how the computer simulates or realizes humanlearning behavior to obtain new knowledge or skills, and reorganizes the existing knowledge structure to continuously improve its own performance.（）A:对 B:错答案:对2.The best decision sequence of Markov decision process is solved by Bellmanequation, and the value of each state is determined not only by the current state but also by the later state.（）A:对 B:错答案:对3.Alex Net's contributions to this work include: （）.A:Use GPUNVIDIAGTX580 to reduce the training time B:Use the modified linear unit (Re LU) as the nonlinear activation function C:Cover the larger pool to avoid the average effect of average pool D:Use the Dropouttechnology to selectively ignore the single neuron during training to avoid over-fitting the model答案:Use GPUNVIDIAGTX580 to reduce the training time;Use themodified linear unit (Re LU) as the nonlinear activation function;Cover the larger pool to avoid the average effect of average pool;Use theDropout technology to selectively ignore the single neuron duringtraining to avoid over-fitting the model4.In supervised learning, what is the role of the labeled data?（）A:To evaluate the model B:To train the model C:None of the above D:To test the model答案:To train the model5.In reinforcement learning, what is the goal of the agent?（）A:To identify patterns in input data B:To minimize the error between thepredicted and actual output C:To maximize the reward obtained from theenvironment D:To classify input data into different categories答案:To maximize the reward obtained from the environment6.Which of the following is a characteristic of transfer learning?（）A:It can only be used for supervised learning tasks B:It requires a largeamount of labeled data C:It involves transferring knowledge from onedomain to another D:It is only applicable to small-scale problems答案:It involves transferring knowledge from one domain to another第六章测试1.Image segmentation is the technology and process of dividing an image intoseveral specific regions with unique properties and proposing objects ofinterest. In the following statement about image segmentation algorithm, the error is （）.A:Region growth method is to complete the segmentation by calculating the mean vector of the offset. B:Watershed algorithm, MeanShift segmentation,region growth and Ostu threshold segmentation can complete imagesegmentation. C:Watershed algorithm is often used to segment the objectsconnected in the image. D:Otsu threshold segmentation, also known as themaximum between-class difference method, realizes the automatic selection of global threshold T by counting the histogram characteristics of the entire image答案:Region growth method is to complete the segmentation bycalculating the mean vector of the offset.2.Camera calibration is a key step when using machine vision to measureobjects. Its calibration accuracy will directly affect the measurementaccuracy. Among them, camera calibration generally involves the mutualconversion of object point coordinates in several coordinate systems. So,what coordinate systems do you mean by "several coordinate systems" here?（）A:Image coordinate system B:Image plane coordinate system C:Cameracoordinate system D:World coordinate system答案:Image coordinate system;Image plane coordinate system;Camera coordinate system;World coordinate systemmonly used digital image filtering methods:（）.A:bilateral filtering B:median filter C:mean filtering D:Gaussian filter答案:bilateral filtering;median filter;mean filtering;Gaussian filter4.Application areas of digital image processing include:（）A:Industrial inspection B:Biomedical Science C:Scenario simulation D:remote sensing答案:Industrial inspection;Biomedical Science5.Image segmentation is the technology and process of dividing an image intoseveral specific regions with unique properties and proposing objects ofinterest. In the following statement about image segmentation algorithm, the error is ( ).A:Otsu threshold segmentation, also known as the maximum between-class difference method, realizes the automatic selection of global threshold T by counting the histogram characteristics of the entire imageB: Watershed algorithm is often used to segment the objects connected in the image. C:Region growth method is to complete the segmentation bycalculating the mean vector of the offset. D:Watershed algorithm, MeanShift segmentation, region growth and Ostu threshold segmentation can complete image segmentation.答案:Region growth method is to complete the segmentation bycalculating the mean vector of the offset.第七章测试1.Blind search can be applied to many different search problems, but it has notbeen widely used due to its low efficiency.（）A:错 B:对答案:对2.Which of the following search methods uses a FIFO queue （）.A:width-first search B:random search C:depth-first search D:generation-test method答案:width-first search3.What causes the complexity of the semantic network （）.A:There is no recognized formal representation system B:The quantifiernetwork is inadequate C:The means of knowledge representation are diverse D:The relationship between nodes can be linear, nonlinear, or even recursive 答案:The means of knowledge representation are diverse;Therelationship between nodes can be linear, nonlinear, or even recursive4.In the knowledge graph taking Leonardo da Vinci as an example, the entity ofthe character represents a node, and the relationship between the artist and the character represents an edge. Search is the process of finding the actionsequence of an intelligent system.（）A:对 B:错答案:对5.Which of the following statements about common methods of path search iswrong（）A:When using the artificial potential field method, when there are someobstacles in any distance around the target point, it is easy to cause the path to be unreachable B:The A* algorithm occupies too much memory during the search, the search efficiency is reduced, and the optimal result cannot beguaranteed C:The artificial potential field method can quickly search for acollision-free path with strong flexibility D:A* algorithm can solve theshortest path of state space search答案:When using the artificial potential field method, when there aresome obstacles in any distance around the target point, it is easy tocause the path to be unreachable第八章测试1.The language, spoken language, written language, sign language and Pythonlanguage of human communication are all natural languages.（）A:对 B:错答案:错2.The following statement about machine translation is wrong （）.A:The analysis stage of machine translation is mainly lexical analysis andpragmatic analysis B:The essence of machine translation is the discovery and application of bilingual translation laws. C:The four stages of machinetranslation are retrieval, analysis, conversion and generation. D:At present,natural language machine translation generally takes sentences as thetranslation unit.答案:The analysis stage of machine translation is mainly lexical analysis and pragmatic analysis3.Which of the following fields does machine translation belong to? （）A:Expert system B:Machine learning C:Human sensory simulation D:Natural language system答案:Natural language system4.The following statements about language are wrong: （）。

there is consensus in the field ofsecond languageThere is consensus in the field of second language acquisition that learners' motivation and attitude towards the target language play a crucial role in their learning process. Motivation can be intrinsic, extrinsic, or a combination of both. Intrinsic motivation comes from the learner's personal interest and desire to learn the language, while extrinsic motivation is driven by external factors such as grades, career opportunities, or social pressure. A positive attitude towards the target language and its speakers can also enhance learners' motivation and engagement.Another important factor that has gained consensus in the field is the influence of the learners' first language (L1) on their second language (L2) acquisition. The L1 can have both positive and negative effects on L2 learning. On the one hand, the L1 can provide a transfer of language knowledge and strategies that can facilitate L2 learning. For example, similarities between the L1 and L2 in terms of vocabulary, grammar, or pronunciation can help learners to make connections and accelerate their learning. On the other hand, the L1 can also interfere with L2 learning if learners rely too much on L1 patterns andAttempt to translate every word or phrase from L2 to L1.In addition, there is a consensus that interaction and exposure to the target language are essential for second language acquisition. Meaningful communication with native speakers or other L2 learners, as well as exposure to authentic language input through various media, can enhance learners' language proficiency and cultural awareness. Immersion in a language environment and opportunities for practice and feedback are also considered important for effective language learning.Furthermore, the role of individual learner differences, such as age, learning style, and cognitive abilities, has been acknowledged in the field. Research has shown that younger learners may have an advantage in acquiring certain aspects ofa second language, while adult learners may bring more metalinguistic awareness and learning strategies to the process. Understanding and accommodating individual learner differences can help educators and learners tailor their learning experiences and approaches.In conclusion, the field of second language acquisition recognizes the importance of motivation, the influence of the first language, interaction and exposure, and individual learner differences in the learning process. These factors collectively contribute to the successful acquisition of a second language.。

高中英语学术论文研究方法练习题40题1.Which of the following topics is most suitable for a high school English academic paper?A.The history of video games.B.The influence of social media on teenagers' language learning.C.The development of artificial intelligence in the medical field.D.The architecture of ancient Rome.答案：B。

解析：选项 A 视频游戏历史与高中英语学术论文关联不大。

选项C 人工智能在医疗领域的发展与英语学科不相关。

选项D 古罗马建筑也与英语学科没有直接关系。

而选项B 社交媒体对青少年语言学习的影响既与英语语言相关，也适合高中学生进行研究。

2.In choosing a topic for an English academic paper, what should be considered first?A.Personal interest.B.Availability of resources.C.Relevance to the curriculum.D.Popularity of the topic.答案：C。

解析：选项 A 个人兴趣虽然重要，但不是首先要考虑的。

选项 B 资源的可获得性在确定选题后再考虑。

选项 D 话题的流行度不是关键因素。

首先应考虑与课程的相关性，这样才能确保论文在学科范围内有意义。

3.Which of the following is NOT a good criterion for choosing anacademic paper topic?A.Being too broad.B.Having enough research materials available.C.Being relevant to current events.D.Being easy to research.答案：A。

2024年成人高考成考英语(高起专)复习试卷及解答参考一、语音知识（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）1、Choose the word that has the same pronunciation as the word “elephant.”A. elephantB. elephantC. elephantD. elephantAnswer: BExplanation: The word “elephant” is pronounced as /ˈɛl.ɪ.fɑːnt/. Among the options provided, “elephant” in option B is pronounced the same as the original word.2、Select the word that has the opposite meaning of “increase.”A. increaseB. increaseC. decreaseD. decreaseAnswer: CExplana tion: The word “increase” means to make larger or greater. The wordthat has the opposite meaning is “decrease,” which means to make smaller or less. Among the options, “decrease” in option C is the correct answer.3、The word “communicate” is pronounced as:A. /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/B. /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/C. /kəˈmjuːniːkeɪt/D. /kəˈmjuːniːkeɪt/Answer: AExplanation: The correct pronunciation of “communicate” is /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/. The “c” in “communicate” is not hard, as it does not precede a double vowel.4、Which of the following words has the correct pronunciation?A. “Environment” - /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmeɪnt/B. “Education” - /ˌɛdʒuˈkeɪʃən/C. “Imagine” - /ɪˈmædʒɪneɪt/D. “Compass” - /kəˈmæpəs/Answer: BExplanation: The correct pronunciation of “education” is /ˌɛdʒuˈkeɪʃən/. The “e” in “education” is long, as it is followed by a “g” which is silent. The other options have mispronounced vowels or consonants.5、The sentence “She always has a smile on her face” emphasizes that sheis always __________.A. cheerfulC. nervousD. sadAnswer: A. cheerfulExplanation: The word “always” in the sentence indicates a constant state or behavior. The phrase “has a smile on her face” suggests that she is in a good mood or happy, which is best described by the word “cheerful.” The other options do not accurately capture the positive connotation of the sentence.二、词汇与语法知识（本大题有15小题，每小题2分，共30分）1、Choose the correct word or phrase to complete the sentence below.The_______of the meeting was quite impressive.A. atmosphereB. audienceC. attendanceD. occasionAnswer: CExplanation: The correct answer is “attendance” because it refers to the number of people who were present at the meeting. The other options do not fit the context of the sentence.2、Select the word that does not belong in the following list.A. enthusiasticC. exhaustedD. alertAnswer: CExplanation: The word “exhausted” does not belong in the list because it is an adjective that describes someone who is very tired, whereas “enthusiastic,” “energetic,” and “alert” all describe someone who is full of energy or has a positive, watchful attitude.3、Choose the word that best completes the sentence.The teacher___________the students to be quiet during the examination.A. requestedB. suggestedC. orderedD. recommendedAnswer: C. orderedExplanation: The correct choice is “ordered” because it indicates a direct command or instruction from the teacher. The other options, while they could be used in some contexts, do not convey the same level of authority or necessity as “ordered” does in this sentence.4、Complete the sentence using the correct form of the verb in parentheses.If you________(be) more careful, you would not have made so many mistakes.A. areB. wereC. will beD. had beenAnswer: B. wereExplanation: The correct form of the verb to use in this sentence is “were,” which i s the past subjunctive form of “to be.” The sentence is expressing a hypothetical situation, which is a situation that is not real but is being considered for the sake of argument. The past subjunctive is used to describea condition that is not true but could have been or would have been.5、Choose the word that best completes the sentence.The professor___________the students’ questions eagerly.A. ignoredB. addressedC. neglectedD. overlookedAnswer: B. addressedExplanation: The correct word to complet e the sentence is “addressed,” which means to speak to or write to someone formally or officially. The professor is expected to address the students’ questions, not ignore, neglect, or overlook them.6、Complete the sentence with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.They___________(be) discussing the project when the meeting was called toorder.A. wereB. had beenC. have beenD. isAnswer: A. wereExplanation: The correct form of the verb is “were,” which is the past continuous tense. The sentence describes an action that was happening at a specific past time (when the meeting was called to order), so the past continuous tense is appropriate. The other options are incorrect because they do not match the context or the tense required.7、Choose the word that best completes the sentence.The teacher was surprised by the student’s_ability to understand complex concepts.A)surpriseB)surprisedC)surprisingD)surpriseablyAnswer: C) surprisingExplanation: The correct answer is “surprising” because it is the adjective form that describes the student’s ability. “Surprise” is a noun, “surprised” is the past participle form of the verb, and “surpriseably” is not a word.8、Complete the sentence with the correct form of the given verb in brackets.They (be) (not) aware of the changes that (take) place in the company last month.A)wereB)areC)wasD)beAnswer: A) wereExplanation: The correct answer is “were” because the subject “they” is plural, and the past perfect tense “had taken” indicates that the cha nges occurred before the awareness of them. Therefore, “were” is the correct past tense form of “be.”9.Choose the word that best completes the sentence.I can’t believe how____________changes have occurred in this small town over the past decade.A)numerousB)rapidC)suddenD)gradualAnswer: D) gradualExplanation: The sentence is describing changes that have occurred over a period of time, suggesting a process that was not immediate or extreme. “Gradual” fits this context best, indicating changes that happen slowly over time.10.Select the correct form of the verb to complete the following sentence.The professor___________us a detailed outline of the research project before the deadline.A)gaveB)has givenC)will giveD)is givingAnswer: B) has givenExplanation: The sentence implies that the action of giving the outline has already occurred before the deadline. The present perfect tense (“has given”) is used to describe actions that have a present relevance or result.11.Choose the correct word to complete the sentence:The manager was_about the new project, but the team was confident.A)apprehensiveB)optimisticC)indifferentD)enthusiasticAnswer: A) apprehensiveExplanation: The correct answer is “apprehensive” because it means feeling or showing anxiety or fear about something, which fits the context of the manager being concerned about the new project. The other options do not convey the same sense of worry or anxiety.12.Select the word that is closest in meaning to the underlined word:The teacher’s_appr oach to teaching made the subject much more engaging.A)traditionalB)innovativeC)passiveD)objectiveAnswer: B) innovativeExplanation: The underlined word “innovative” means introducing new methods or ideas. The sentence suggests that the teacher’s approach was different and made the subject more engaging. The word “traditional” would imply a more conventional method, “passive” would suggest a lack of interest, and “objective” would imply a neutral approach, none of which fit the context as well as “innovative.”13.Choose the word that best completes the sentence.The company’s new policy has been widely __________, with both positive and negative reactions.A. criticizedB. implementedC. supportedD. rejectedAnswer: B. implementedExplanation: The correct word here should reflect that the policy has been put into effect. “Implemented” means to carry out or put into effect, which fits the context. “Criticized” would imply there are negative reactions,“supported” would imply positive reactions, and “rejected” wo uld imply outright refusal, none of which fully capture the act of the policy being put into practice.14.Select the correct form of the verb to complete the sentence.She_______(go) to the market every morning, but now she has a car.A. used to goB. uses to goC. used goD. uses goAnswer: A. used to goExplanation: The correct phrase to use in this context is “used to” followed by the base form of the verb, which indicates a past habit or practice that has since changed. “Used to go” is the correc t past simple form that indicates a habit in the past. The other options are grammatically incorrect or do not convey the intended meaning.15.Choose the correct word or phrase to complete the sentence.The professor___________the students to study hard for the exam.A. advisedB. recommendedC. suggestedD. proposedAnswer: B. recommendedExplanation: The correct answer is “recommended” because it is the most appropriate word to express the professor’s advice. “Advised,” “suggested,” and “proposed” can also mean giving advice or suggestions, but “recommended”is often used in a more formal context, such as in an academic setting.三、完形填空（30分）Passage:In the small town of Willow Creek, there was once a charming old library that stood at the heart of the community. The library was a hub of learning and culture, where people of all ages would gather to read, discuss, and exchange ideas. The librarian, Mrs. Thompson, was known for her warm smile and vast knowledge of books. She had been working at the library for over 30 years and was deeply loved by everyone in the town.One day, the town’s mayor announced that the library was in danger of closing due to budget cuts. The community was shocked and immediately rallied to save their beloved library. They organized a series of events, including a book sale, a bake sale, and a benefit concert, to raise funds.The most successful event was the “Willow Creek Reads” program, where local authors were invited to read to the children and talk about their writing process. The children were excited and inspired, and the adults were reminded of the power of books to bring people together.As the days went by, more and more people began to donate books and moneyto the library. Mrs. Thompson was overwhelmed by the outpouring of support from the community. She knew that the library would not only survive but thrive.One evening, as Mrs. Thompson was organizing a new shelf of donated books, she noticed a mysterious note tucked inside one of the books. The note read, “To Mrs.Thompson, from the Friends of Willow Creek Library. We hope these books bring you joy and continue to inspire the community.”Mrs. Thompson smiled, knowing that the spirit of the library was alive and well.Blanks:1.The library in Willow Creek was a___________of learning and culture.2.Mrs. Thompson was___________for her warm smile and vast knowledge of books.3.The town’s mayor announced that the library was in___________due to budget cuts.4.The community___________to save their beloved library.5.The most successful event was the___________program.6.The children were___________and inspired by the local authors.7.The adults were___________of the power of books to bring people together.8.More and more people began to___________books and money to the library.9.Mrs. Thompson was___________by the outpouring of support from the community.10.The note was a___________from the Friends of Willow Creek Library.11.Mrs. Thompson smiled, knowing that the spirit of the librarywas___________and well.Questions:11.What was the note a___________from the Friends of Willow Creek Library?A)InvitationB)ComplaintC)Thank youD)ApologyAnswer:C) Thank you四、阅读理解（本部分有5大题，每大题9分，共45分）第一题Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The Internet has revolutionized the way we communicate, access information, and conduct business. With just a few clicks, we can connect with people from all over the world, access a vast amount of information, and even conduct transactions online. However, along with these benefits, the Internet has also brought about various challenges and risks. One of the most significant risks is the potential for cybercrime, which includes hacking, identity theft, and phishing.1.What is one of the major risks associated with the use of the Internet?A. Improved communicationB. Access to a vast amount of informationC. Potential for cybercrimeD. Increased business opportunities2.What are some examples of cybercrimes mentioned in the passage?A. Hacking, identity theft, and phishingB. Improved communication and access to informationC. Increased business opportunitiesD. Reduced need for physical interaction3.How does the Internet impact the way we conduct business?A. It reduces the need for physical interactionB. It increases the potential for cybercrimeC. It provides a platform for global communication and transactionsD. It eliminates the need for traditional banking and financial servicesAnswers:1.C2.A3.C第二题Passage:The rapid development of technology has greatly influenced the way people communicate. Social media platforms have become an integral part of daily life,allowing individuals to connect with others across the globe. However, this shift in communication has raised concerns about the impact on face-to-face interactions and the potential loss of traditional social skills.One of the most popular social media platforms is Instagram, which is known for its focus on visual content. Users can share photos, videos, and stories, and follow others who share similar interests. While Instagram can be a great way to stay connected with friends and discover new things, it also has its downsides.A recent study found that excessive use of Instagram can lead to feelings of loneliness and depression. The constant comparison with others’ seemingly perfect lives can create a sense of inadequacy. Additionally, the platform’s algorithm can create a filter bubble, where users are only exposed to content that aligns with their existing beliefs and interests, thus limiting their exposure to diverse perspectives.Despite these concerns, many people find Instagram to be a valuable tool for networking and personal growth. It can provide a platform for artists, writers, and entrepreneurs to showcase their work and connect with potential audiences. Moreover, it can be a source of inspiration and motivation, as users are exposed to the achievements and stories of others.Questions:1、What is the main topic of the passage?A) The benefits of using social media platforms.B) The negative effects of Instagram on social interactions.C) The history of social media platforms.D) The role of technology in modern communication.2、Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a potential negative effect of using Instagram?A) Feelings of inadequacy.B) Limited exposure to diverse perspectives.C) Improved communication skills.D) Increased feelings of loneliness and depression.3、What is the author’s attitude towards Instagram?A) Highly critical.B) Indifferent.C) Positive and supportive.D) Ambiguous.Answers:1、B) The negative effects of Instagram on social interactions.2、C) Improved communication skills.3、D) Ambiguous.第三题Reading Passage:In the small town of Greenfield, there was a long-standing tradition of the annual Greenfield Festival. The festival, which took place every autumn, broughttogether local artists, musicians, and performers from around the region. It was a time for celebration, a showcase of local talent, and a chance for the community to come together and enjoy the arts.One of the highlights of the festival was the “Greenfield Talent Show,” where local residents could audition to perform. This year, the talent show had a special twist: the winner would receive a scholarship to study music at a prestigious music school in the nearby city of Bluewater.Word Count: 102Questions:1、What is the main purpose of the Greenfield Festival?A) To promote tourism in GreenfieldB) To bring the community together and celebrate local artsC) To raise funds for charityD) To promote agricultural products2、Which event at the festival was of particular interest to this year’s participants?A) The art exhibitionB) The music concertC) The Greenfield Talent ShowD) The local craft fair3、What reward did the winner of the Greenfield Talent Show receive?A) A cash prizeB) A trip to the nearby cityC) A scholarship to study musicD) A trophyAnswers:1、B) To bring the community together and celebrate local arts2、C) The Greenfield Talent Show3、C) A scholarship to study music第四题Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions that follow.The rise of e-commerce has revolutionized the way people shop and has had a significant impact on traditional brick-and-mortar stores. Online shopping has become increasingly popular due to its convenience and the vast variety of products available. However, this shift has also brought about challenges and changes in the retail industry.One of the main advantages of e-commerce is the convenience it offers. Customers can shop from the comfort of their own homes at any time of the day or night. This eliminates the need to travel to physical stores and wait in long queues. Additionally, online platforms often provide detailed product descriptions, customer reviews, and even virtual try-ons, which can help customers make more informed purchasing decisions.Despite these benefits, e-commerce has also presented challenges fortraditional retailers. Many have had to adapt to the changing landscape by investing in their online presence and offering competitive pricing and customer service. However, some have struggled to keep up and have been forced to close their doors.The retail industry is also witnessing a shift in consumer behavior. Customers are becoming more environmentally conscious and are increasingly looking for sustainable and ethical products. This has led to a rise ineco-friendly shopping options and a decline in demand for fast fashion.1.What is the main advantage of e-commerce mentioned in the passage?A) Competitive pricingB) ConvenienceC) Eco-friendly optionsD) Detailed product reviews2.How has e-commerce affected traditional brick-and-mortar stores?A) They have become more profitable.B) They have had to adapt and invest in online presence.C) They have seen a significant increase in foot traffic.D) They have closed down due to increased competition.3.What is the trend in consumer behavior mentioned in the passage?A) Customers are looking for more affordable products.B) Customers are becoming more environmentally conscious.C) Customers are preferring fast fashion over sustainable options.D) Customers are no longer interested in online shopping.Answers:1.B) Convenience2.B) They have had to adapt and invest in online presence.3.B) Customers are becoming more environmentally conscious.第五题Read the following passage and answer the questions that follow.In recent years, there has been a growing interest in online education. This shift is primarily due to the convenience and flexibility it offers to students. Online courses allow individuals to learn at their own pace, from any location, and often at a lower cost compared to traditional in-person classes. However, despite these advantages, online learning also comes with its own set of challenges.One of the main concerns is the potential for reduced social interaction. In traditional classrooms, students have the opportunity to engage with their peers and professors, which can enhance their learning experience. Online students, on the other hand, may feel isolated and disconnected from the academic community. This can lead to a lack of motivation and engagement in the course material.Another challenge is the need for self-discipline. Online courses require students to be self-motivated and organized. Without the structure of a traditional classroom, students must set their own schedules and manage their time effectively. This can be difficult for some individuals, especially thosewho are accustomed to the routine of attending classes on campus.Despite these challenges, many online learners find that the benefits outweigh the drawbacks. They appreciate the ability to work around their other commitments, such as full-time jobs or family responsibilities. Additionally, online courses often provide access to a wider range of resources and expertise than traditional courses.1.The primary reason for the growing interest in online education is:a) the opportunity for social interactionb) the flexibility and convenience it offersc) the lower cost compared to traditional in-person classesd) the access to a wider range of resources2.What is one of the main concerns mentioned about online learning?a) The convenience of learning at one’s own paceb) The potential for reduced social interactionc) The lower cost of online coursesd) The increased access to expertise3.According to the passage, which of the following is a challenge for online learners?a) The ease of engaging with peers and professorsb) The need for self-discipline and organizationc) The lower cost of online coursesd) The ability to work around other commitmentsAnswers:1.b) the flexibility and convenience it offers2.b) The potential for reduced social interaction3.b) The need for self-discipline and organization五、补全对话（本大题有5小题，每小题3分，共15分）第一题A: Excuse me, could you help me with some English vocabulary?B: Sure, I’d be happy to. What would you like to know about?A: I need to expand my vocabulary for the college entrance exam. Can you suggest some useful words for an “Adult Higher Education” (AHLE) English test?B: Absolutely! Here are a few words and phrases that are often included in such exams:1.(______) - a higher level of education beyond high school.2.(______) - a system of post-secondary education that allows working adults to earn degrees.3.(______) - a person who is studying or has studied at a college or university.4.(______) - a course or program of study that leads to a degree or certification.5.(______) - a test taken by students to gain admission to a college or university.A: Great, thanks! What should I write in the blank spaces?B:1.(______) - A higher level of education beyond high school.2.(______) - A system of post-secondary education that allows working adults to earn degrees.3.(______) - A person who is studying or has studied at a college or university.4.(______) - A course or program of study that leads to a degree or certification.5.(______) - A test taken by students to gain admission to a college or university.答案：1.Degree2.Adult Higher Education (AHLE)3.College student4.Curriculum5.Admission test解析：1.Degree - This word is used to describe a higher level of education, which is a key concept in the context of college education.2.Adult Higher Education (AHLE) - This specific term refers to the system that caters to working adults who wish to pursue further education.3.College student - This phrase describes someone who is currently or has been enrolled in a college or university.4.Curriculum - This word refers to the courses or program of study that an educational institution offers.5.Admission test - This term refers to the test that students must take to be admitted to a college or university, which is a common requirement for higher education.第二题1.A: I’m sorry, but I can’t help you with that right now.B: Why not?A: Because I’m currently in a meeting.B: Oh, I see. Well, can I leave you a message?A: Certainly, you can.B: Thank you. I’ll just write down my number and call you back after the meeting.A: That sounds good.B: Is there anything specific you need help with?A: Yes, actually. I need some information about the new software package our company is considering.B: Of course. Let me check if I have that information available.A: Alright, take your time.B: I should be able to find it for you. Just a moment, please.A: No problem.B: There we go. I have the information you need.A: Great, thanks. Can you send it to my email?B: Absolutely. I’ll send it over right now.A: Perfect. I appreciate your help.B: You’re welcome. Feel free to call back if you need anything else.A: Will do. Have a good meeting.B: You too. Goodbye.1.A: I’m sorry, but I can’t help you with that right now.B: Why not?A: Because I’m currently in a meeting.B: Oh, I see. Well, can I leave you a message?A: Certainly, you can.B: Thank you. I’ll just write down my number and call you back after the meeting.A: That sounds good.B: Is there anything specific you need help with?A: Yes, actually. I need some information about the new software package our company is considering.B: Of course. Let me check if I have that information available.A: Alright, take your time.B: I should be able to find it for you. Just a moment, please.A: No problem.B: There we go. I have the information you need.A: Great, thanks. Can you send it to my email?B: Absolutely. I’ll send it over right now.A: Perfect. I appreciate your help.B: You’re welc ome. Feel free to call back if you need anything else.A: Will do. Have a good meeting.B: You too. Goodbye.答案：解析：The correct continuation of the dialogue is B because it maintains the context of the original message and provides a logical progression of the conversation. It addresses the initial reason for the inability to assist and then moves on to offering a solution (leaving a message) and asking for further details about the assistance needed. The dialogue then proceeds with the person finding the information, offering to send it via email, and concluding with a friendly farewell.第三题A: Excuse me, I’m looking for the English section of the Adult College Entrance Examination. Can you help me?B: Sure, follow me. You need to go to the second floor and then turn right. The English section is located in Room 202.A: Oh, okay. Thank you. By the way, what time does the exam start?B: The exam will begin at 9:00 a.m. sharp. Make sure you arrive 30 minutes early to get settled.A: Got it. I’ll be there on t ime. One more thing, is there a specific roomfor the English exam?B: Yes, it’s Room 202 as well. You’ll see a sign indicating the English section.A: Perfect. Thanks again for your help.B: You’re welcome. Good luck with your exam!Answer:B: Yes, it’s Room 202 as well. You’ll see a sign indicating the English section.Explanation:In this dialogue, the student is asking for directions to the English section of the exam. The answer to the question is found in the response by the staff member. They confirm that the English exam is held in Room 202, as indicated by a sign, providing clear information to the student.第四题A: Excuse me, I seem to have misplaced my calculator. Can you help me find it?B: Sure, where do you think you might have left it?A: I was working on this problem for our math class, and I think I might have left it on the desk.B: Okay, let’s check the desk first. Is this the one you’re looking for?A: No, that’s not it. It was smaller and black.B: Alright, let’s look over there by the window. Do you see anything that。

Psychology is a fascinating field that delves into the human mind and its processes. It is the scientific study of behavior and mental functions,encompassing a wide range of topics from the biological aspects of the brain to the social interactions of individuals. Here are some key areas and concepts that could be explored in an English essay about psychology:1.Historical Development:Discuss the evolution of psychology from its early philosophical roots to the establishment of it as a scientific discipline.Mention key figures like Sigmund Freud,Carl Jung,and B.F.Skinner,and their contributions to the field.2.Branches of Psychology:Psychology is a diverse field with various branches such as clinical psychology,cognitive psychology,developmental psychology,social psychology, and more.Each branch focuses on a different aspect of human behavior and mental processes.3.Theories and Models:Explore the different theories that have shaped the understanding of the human mind,such as behaviorism,cognitive theories, psychoanalytic theories,and humanistic psychology.Discuss how these theories have been applied in practice.4.Research Methods:Psychology relies heavily on empirical research.Discuss the various research methods used in psychology,including experiments,surveys,case studies,and longitudinal studies.Highlight the importance of ethical considerations in conducting research.5.Cognitive Processes:Delve into how humans perceive,learn,remember,and think. Discuss topics such as attention,memory,problemsolving,and decisionmaking.6.Emotional and Behavioral Disorders:Address the classification and treatment of various mental health disorders,such as anxiety disorders,mood disorders,and personality disorders.Discuss the role of psychologists in diagnosing and treating these conditions.7.Social Psychology:Examine how individuals are influenced by others and their social environment.Discuss topics like conformity,obedience,social influence,and group dynamics.8.Developmental Psychology:Explore how individuals develop from infancy to old age. Discuss stages of development,cognitive development,and the impact of social andcultural factors on development.9.Applied Psychology:Discuss how psychology is applied in various settings,such as education,business,sports,and healthcare.Highlight the role of psychologists in improving performance,wellbeing,and mental health.10.Ethical Issues:Address the ethical dilemmas that psychologists may face,such as confidentiality,informed consent,and the use of animals in research.11.Future of Psychology:Speculate on the future trends and developments in the field of psychology,including advances in technology,new research methodologies,and the potential for interdisciplinary integration.12.Cultural Perspectives:Discuss how cultural differences can influence psychological theories and practices.Consider the importance of cultural competence in understanding and treating diverse populations.13.Neuropsychology:Explore the relationship between the brain and behavior,focusing on how brain injuries or diseases can affect cognitive and emotional functioning.14.Positive Psychology:Discuss the relatively new field of positive psychology,which focuses on the study of happiness,wellbeing,and human strengths.15.Psychological Assessment:Explain the various tools and techniques used by psychologists to assess cognitive abilities,personality traits,and mental health status.When writing an essay on psychology,it is crucial to use clear and concise language, provide examples to support your arguments,and cite reputable sources to back up your claims.Additionally,it is important to maintain an objective and scientific tone throughout the essay.。

江苏省南京市六校联合体2024-2025学年高二上学期10月月考英语试题一、听力选择题1．What seems to be the woman’s problem?A．She failed to contact the bank manager.B．She got her bank card stuck in the A TM.C．She can’t operate the machine.2．When will the play show?A．On the 15th.B．On the 16th.C．On the 17th.3．What will the woman do next?A．Park her car.B．Look at the stars.C．Fetch the telescope. 4．Why is the boy unhappy?A．He feels lonely.B．He missed his flight.C．He’s worried about his parents.5．What are the speakers mainly talking about?A．Their favorite scientists.B．The old math books.C．The new science books.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6．What is the relationship between the speakers?A．Brother and sister.B．Husband and wife.C．Co-workers.7．What does the woman offer to do?A．Give the man two tickets.B．Book tickets for the man.C．Watch a movie with the man.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

Bridge SubstructurePiers and Abutments1 Piers1.1 pier typesPiers are intermediate supports in a multi-span bridge system. All feasible pier types must be considered in the preliminary phases of the project.1.1.1 Cap-and-column Type PiersCap-and-column type piers have two or more circular or rectangular colunms connected on top with a cap (a reinforced concrete beam that supports the superstrucure ) .Generally,the pier cap ends will be cantilevered.For columns greater than 100 to 150 FT,the use of a compression strut at mid-height,similar to the pier cap,shall be investigated.The individual columns will be supported on an appropriate foundation.1.1.2 T-Type or Hammerhead or Wall Type PiersT-type or Hammerhead piers have a deep rectangular tapered beam carrying the superstructure supported on a single wide rectangular or oval column in the middle.For wall type piers,the width of the rectangular colunm will be very close to the length of the pier cap.The single column will be supported on an appropriate foundation.In some situations,the feasibility of using a single large circular column instead of a wide rectangular or oval column has to be investigated during the preliminary design phase of the project.1.1.3 Post-Tensioned Concrete/Integral Pier CapsTo satisfy the vertical clearance requirement beneath a pier cap,a post-tensioned or integral pier cap shall be investigated.1.1.4 Steel Pier CapsSteel pier caps are fracture critical.If used,the design shall allow for reasonable access to the interior for future maintenance,inspection and repair.1.2 Piers Design CriteriaClass B Concrete with a compressive strength of 3000 PSI should be used for most piers.Class B Modified concrete with a compressive strength of 4000 PSI may be used,if required of strength.For the strength and extreme event limit states,the Designer is strongly encouraged to use the strut and tie model for thick concrete elements(e.g.footings,pile caps and pier caps).Use this method to determine internal force effects near supports and points of concentrated loads.Moment redistribution shall be used where appropriate.1.2.1 Pier CapsAll pier caps must be wide enough to accommodate the bridge bearings and jacking points.The edge of the bearingmasonry plates must be a minimum of three inches from the face of the pier cap.Instances of pier caps being wider than the column,necessitated by skewed bearings and dual bearings such as theose found on prestressed concrete beam superstructures are acceptable.Pier cap depths shall be determined by strength and clearance requirements.The minimum size is 3 FT vertically by 2.5 FT horizontally and must extend 1 FT beyond the face must be haunched.A 2:1 haunch ratio is prefferred.The ends of the pier caps may be either plane verticallyor shaped(i.e.cylindrical to mirror the columns).1.2.2 Pier ColumnsThe minimum longitudinal column diameter or stem thickNess shall be 3 FT. Column tapers or section changes shall not be used unless a detailed study proves that they are cost-efficient.Generally,these forming costs are very high.Consider hollow shafts for piers in excess of 100 FT.Multi-column piers should generally not be used in a flood plain.Single circular column,T-type or wall type piers may be used in the flood plain.Single circular column,T-type or wall type piers may be used in the flood plain with rounded ends and shall be oriented parallel to the stream flow.2 Abutments2.1 Abutment TypesAbutments are structures positioned at the beginning and end of a bridge,which support the superstructure and approach roadway and retains the earth embankment.Abutments can be classified into the following five types:2.1.1 Wall AbutmentThis type of abument,also known as a full height abutment,may be used when right-of-way is critical or the site does not permit a longer bridge with sloping embankments.Span lengths can be reduced using a wall type abutment.The footing may transfer loads by direct bearing(spread footing) or it may be supported on piles or drilled caissons.The maximum exposed face should generally be 30 FT,measured from gutter line to ground line in the profile view.Taller heights may be permitted ,with permission of the Bridge Project Manager,when the negative effects of a tall structure on the traveling public or aesthetics are not a governing factor.Otherwise,where walls greater than 30 FT are required,a stepped(terraced) wall configuration shall be used.2.1.2 PedestalsThe beam seat is supported on columns/drilled caissons or pedestals resting on individual footings.This configuration is usefull for meeting unique construction problems,e.g. widely varying elevations of competent rock.2.1.3 Stub AbutmentStub abutments are relatively short abutments that resemble wall type abutments.These abutments are generally placed on the approach embankment and are supported on rock,piles or drilled caissons.2.1.4 Integral AbutmentIntegral abutments are generally short abutments supported on a single row of piling.These abutments,like stub abutments,are generally placed on approach embankments and are well suited for bridges with limited thermal movements.The ends of the bridge beams are cast directly into the abutments,thereby eliminating the need for expansion devices.2.1.5 Semi-Integral AbutmentSemi-integral abutments can be either wall or stub type abutments.The difference between a semi-integral and an integral abutment is that for semi-integral abutments,the beams are cast in a closure diaphragm that is structurally independent from the stem.This type also eliminates the need for expansion devices.See Section 3.9 for limitations on the use of semi-integral abutments.2.1.6 WingwallsWingwalls are walls on either side of an abutment used to retain the roadwayembankment.Wingwalls can be constructed of cast-in-place concrete or MSE walls and shall be designed as retaining walls.They shall be sufficiently sized to prevent the roadway embankment from spilling onto the abutment seats or into clear area under the bridge.U-shaped or turned-back wingwalls are commonly used in embandment situations and straight wings are used in cut sections.Flared wingwalls between these extremes can also be appropriate based on site conditions.The Designer must study the existing and proposed surfaces to determine which type of wingwall best fits the site.Wingwalls with a tapered bottom surface shall be avoided due to compaction difficulties beneath the wall.The top surface of U-shaped wingwalls may be tapered parallel to the roadway slope to match the finished grade.2.2 Abutment Design CriteriaThe main parts of an abutment are the bridge seat,backwall,stem,wingwalls,and foundation.Several types of abutments can be utilized for a particular bridge site.Aesthetics can sometimes be a factor when selecting an abutment type.Class B Concrete with a compressive strength of 3000 PSI should be used in most abutments.The minimum reinforcing throughout the abutment and wingwalls shall be NO.5 bars spaced at 1 FT. All reinforcing steel above the beam seat shall be epoxy coated.2.2.1 Bridge SeatThe width of the bridge seat must be sufficient to accommodate the beams or girders,jacking operations and meet the seismic requirements of the Governing Specifications.Adequate room between the beams or girders and the backwall shall be provided to allow for expansion joint inspection,where applicable.Due to roadway cross-section slopes or skewed abutments,it may be necessary to provide beam seats of different elevations.When detailing abutments,the difference in elevations between adjacent beam seats may be achieved by stepping the top of the stem,or by utilizing a sloped stem to eliminate the effects of cracking in large bridge seat steps.The sloped stem option is preferred when the slope of the beam allows.2.2.2 BackwallsA backwall shall be provided on all bridges to retain the embankment behind the bridge,support the approach slab(if applicable) and to protect the bridge seat from water intrusion.However,with the approval of the Director of Engineering Division,some prestressed box beam bridges may not require the use of a backwall.The minimum thickNess for a backwall shall be 1 FT. For backwall requirements on jointless bridges see Section 3.9.2.2.3 StemThe stem is a structure that retains the embankment behind the abutment and transmits the loads from the superstructure to the foundation.While there is no minimum thickNess requirement,the stem thickNess shall be designed to support the required loading and provide sufficient space for bearing devices . Stems may be level,stepped or sloped based on bridge geometry(see Section 3.8.2).2.2.4 WingwallsWingwalls must be long enough to retain the roadway embankment based on the embankment slopes.The positioning of the wingwalls depends on the site itself(e.g.,cut vs.fill,etc.).The Designer must study the existing and proposed contours and determine which type of wingwall best fits the site . Approach roadway slopes must be considered.。

学术论文标题中字数及词性统计(一)
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学术论文标题中字数及词性统计(二)
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标 题 单词总数 名词数 介词数 形容词等 1) Use of Vitamin and Mineral Supplements by the Elderly 9 5 2 2 2) Dietary Supplement and Body Image in Female College Students 9 6 l 2 3) Knowledge of Cardiovascular Disease in University Students 7 4 2 l 4) Severe Weather and the Automobile 5 2 0 3 5) Heavy Weight Contenders：a Look at Fat 7 4 1 2 6) A1uminutn：Is It Hazardous to YourHealth? 7 3 1 3 7) The Use of Technology in Higher Education Programs: a National Survey 11 5 2 4 8) Sustaining the Discussion：Ecology in the Humanities Classroom 8 4 l 3 9) Diversity in the Future WorkForce 6 4 1 l 10) Models of Sustaining Human and Natural Development in an Urban Environment 11 3 26 11) Variation in Acorn Production and Chemistry of Two Oak Oak Species with respect to Topography 14851 12) Traditional Versus Adult StudiesStudents: the College Experience 8503 13) Solving the Food Shortage Problem in Northeast and Northwest Africa Using Hydroponically Grown Peanuts & Solarly Distilled Water 18 10 1 7 14) Impact of Cancer：Coping Process and Quality of Life 9522 15) Application of Digital Image Analysis for Helping to Define the Prognosis Of Selected Malignancies 14635 平均(约) 9.5 5 1.5 3 来源：The Ohio Journal of Science Vol. 96(2) 表2列出的是从The Ohio Journal of Science中随机挑出的15篇论文的标题，平均9．5个 单词。要想用有限的字数概括全文的主旨，用词必须仔细斟酌和推敲，选择最简练、最 准确、最贴切的词来表达全文的主要内论文的目的主要有两个，一是参加国 际学术会议，在会议上宣讲，促进学术交流；二是 在国际学术刊物上发表，使国外同行了解自己的研 究成果，同样也是出于学术交流的目的。 • 不同的学科或领域、不同的刊物对论文的格式有不 同的要求，但各个领域的研究论文在文体和语言特 点上都有许多共性。了解了这些语言共性，便会起 到触类旁通的作用。 • 对我国青年学者或学生来说，用英语写作的难点不 是没有写作材料，不是不熟悉专业词汇，也不是没 有打下良好的英语基础。用英语写论文难，是因为 不太了解学术英语的语言特点。

Integrity is a fundamental value in society,guiding individuals to act with honesty and responsibility.Heres an essay that delves into the importance of integrity and its impact on personal and professional life.Title:The Essence of IntegrityIntroduction:Integrity is the cornerstone of trust and respect in any relationship.It is the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles.This essay will explore the significance of integrity in various aspects of life,from personal development to professional success. Body Paragraph1:Personal IntegrityPersonal integrity is the adherence to ones own moral code and values.It is about being true to oneself and maintaining honesty in all interactions.Examples of personal integrity include keeping promises,being reliable,and standing up for what one believes in,even when it is challenging.Body Paragraph2:Professional IntegrityIn the workplace,integrity is crucial for building a reputation of trustworthiness and reliability.Employers value employees who are honest and ethical in their dealings. Professional integrity involves being accountable for ones actions,avoiding conflicts of interest,and maintaining confidentiality when necessary.Body Paragraph3:The Consequences of Lacking IntegrityThe absence of integrity can lead to a loss of trust,damaged relationships,and even legal consequences.Dishonesty can erode the foundation of any relationship,whether personal or professional.Examples of the consequences of dishonesty include loss of employment,damaged reputation,and strained personal relationships.Body Paragraph4:Cultivating IntegrityDeveloping integrity is a lifelong process that requires selfreflection and a commitment to ethical behavior.It involves recognizing ones values and acting in accordance with them.Some ways to cultivate integrity include setting personal standards,seeking role models who exhibit integrity,and engaging in open and honest communication.Body Paragraph5:The Impact of Integrity on SocietyA society that values and practices integrity is more likely to experience social harmony and stability.Trust in institutions and among individuals fosters cooperation andcollaboration.Integrity in leadership is particularly important,as leaders set the tone for societal values and behaviors.Conclusion:Integrity is not just a personal virtue but a societal necessity.It is the bedrock upon which trust,respect,and cooperation are built.By embracing integrity in our daily lives,we can contribute to a more honest,transparent,and ethical world.Reflection Questions:1.How has integrity impacted your life or the lives of those around you?2.Can you recall a time when you had to make a choice between integrity and personal gain?What did you choose,and why?3.What are some practical steps you can take to ensure you maintain integrity in your daily life?This essay aims to highlight the importance of integrity and encourage readers to reflect on their own actions and decisions,fostering a deeper understanding of the value of being honest and ethical in all aspects of life.。

《信息检索》课程报告项目名称：水工建筑物中大体积混凝土裂缝的防治学号：1160220039姓名：张鑫专业：水利工程学院：水利水电学院四、文献检索范围及检索策略（一）文献检索范围国内数据库：1.超星数字图书馆1992—2012.2KI中国期刊全文数据库2000—2012.53.万方数据知识服务平台1989—2012.54.校内学位论文全文数据库1989—2012.5KI中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库1989—2012.56.维普中文科技期刊库(引文)1989—2012.57.维普中文科技期刊库(全文)1989—2012.58.全国报刊索引数据库1989—2012.59.国家科技成果网1978－2012.510.高校专利信息服务平台2000－2012.511.互联网相关中文网站国外数据库：1.Engineering Village2(EI)1969－2012.52.Conference Proceedings Citation Index(原ISTP)1969－2012.53.CALIS数据库-西文期刊目次数据库(CCC)1992－2012.54.PQDT(Abstract)全球博硕士论文-科学与工程卷1980－2012.55.SpringerLink1990－2012.56.ISI Web of Science(SCI)1950－2012.57.ScienceDirect(SD)1990－2012.58.IEEE/IET Electronic Library(IEL)1990－2012.59.IWA数据库(国际水协会)（二）检索策略检索词：1大体积混凝土（mass concrete）2水工建筑物(hydraulic structure)3裂缝（carck）4温度裂缝(Temperature cracks)5应力裂缝(stress crack)检索式：A.1and2and(3or4)B.1and2and(3or4)and5五、检索结果运用以上检索策略在以上国内、外数据库中检索到与该委托项目相关的文献共计30余篇。

职业的英语测试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. What does the word "profession" mean?A) A job that requires specific education and trainingB) A hobby that someone enjoysC) A part-time occupationD) A volunteer position2. Which of the following is NOT a professional qualification?A) A degree in the relevant fieldB) A strong work ethicC) The ability to play video gamesD) Certification from a recognized institution3. What is the term used to describe the process of becominga member of a profession?A) PromotionB) RecruitmentC) AccreditationD) Retention4. In the context of professions, what does "ethics" refer to?A) The physical appearance of a professionalB) The moral principles that guide professional conductC) The salary range of a professionD) The tools used in a profession5. Which of the following is a common characteristic ofprofessionals?A) They work independentlyB) They are not accountable for their actionsC) They do not require ongoing educationD) They have no code of conduct6. What is the term for a professional who has been certified by a professional body?A) A specialistB) A practitionerC) A consultantD) An affiliate7. What does "CPD" stand for in the context of professional development?A) Career Progression DevelopmentB) Certified Professional DevelopmentC) Continuing Professional DevelopmentD) Comprehensive Professional Development8. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of professional membership?A) Access to professional networksB) Opportunities for professional developmentC) Reduced job securityD) Access to industry-specific resources9. What is the term used to describe the process of a professional being recognized for their expertise in a specific field?A) CertificationB) RecognitionC) ValidationD) Endorsement10. Which of the following is a common requirement for maintaining professional status?A) Paying annual membership feesB) Attending social eventsC) Participating in non-professional activitiesD) Relocating to a different city答案：1. A2. C3. C4. B5. A6. B7. C8. C9. D10. A二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）11. A professional is someone who engages in a __________ that requires specific education and training.12. Professional development often involves __________ to stay current in one's field.13. The term "continuing education" is often used interchangeably with __________.14. A professional's __________ is a set of rules that guidetheir conduct and responsibilities.15. To maintain their professional status, individuals may need to complete a certain number of __________ hours each year.答案：11. vocation12. ongoing education13. CPD14. code of ethics15. CPD三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）16. What are the benefits of joining a professional association?17. Why is it important for professionals to adhere to a code of ethics?18. Describe the role of a professional certification in a career.19. Explain the concept of professional liability.答案：16. Benefits of joining a professional association include networking opportunities, access to industry news and resources, professional development, and advocacy for the profession.17. Adhering to a code of ethics is important for professionals to maintain public trust, ensure ethical behavior, and protect the reputation of the profession.18. Professional certification validates an individual's knowledge and skills in a specific field, often leading toincreased credibility, better job opportunities, and higher earning potential.19. Professional liability refers to the legal responsibility of professionals for the advice or services they provide, which can result in legal consequences if they fail to meetthe expected standards of care.四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）20. Discuss the importance of ongoing professional development in today's rapidly changing work environment.21. Elaborate on the role of professional standards in maintaining the quality of services provided by professionals.答案：20. Ongoing professional development is crucial in a rapidly changing work environment as it ensures that professionalsstay abreast of new developments, technologies, and best practices in their field. It helps to maintain their competence, fosters innovation, and can lead to career advancement. Continuous learning also contributes to the adaptability and resilience of professionals in the face of industry disruptions.21. Professional standards play a critical role inmaintaining the quality of services provided by professionals. They set the benchmarks for competence。

S EISMIC D ESIGN C RITERIA • F EBRUARY 2004 • V ERSION 1.31. INTRODUCTIONThe Caltrans Seismic Design Criteria (SDC) specify the minimum seismic design requirements that are necessary to meet the performance goals established for Ordinary bridges in Memo to Designers (MTD) 20-1.The SDC is a compilation of new seismic design criteria and existing seismic design criteria previously documented in various locations. The goal is to update all the Offices of Structures Design (OSD) design manuals1 on a periodic basis to reflect the current state of practice for seismic bridge design. As information is incorporated into the design manuals, the SDC will serve as a forum to document Caltrans’ latest changes to the seismic design methodology. Proposed revisions to the SDC will be reviewed by OSD management according to the process outlined in MTD 20-11.The SDC applies to Ordinary Standard bridges as defined in Section 1.1. Ordinary Nonstandard bridges require project specific criteria to address their non-standard features. Designers should refer to the OSD design manuals for seismic design criteria not explicitly addressed by the SDC.The following criteria identify the minimum requirements for seismic design. Each bridge presents a unique set of design challenges. The designer must determine the appropriate methods and level of refinement necessary to design and analyze each bridge on a case-by-case basis. The designer must exercise judgment in the application of these criteria. Situations may arise that warrant detailed attention beyond what is provided in the SDC. The designer should refer to other resources to establish the correct course of action. The OSD Senior Seismic Specialists, the OSD Earthquake Committee, and the Earthquake Engineering Office of Structure Design Services and Earthquake Engineering (SDSEE) should be consulted for recommendations.Deviations to these criteria shall be reviewed and approved by the Section Design Senior or the Senior Seismic Specialist and documented in the project file. Significant departures shall be presented to the Type Selection Panel and/or the Design Branch Chief for approval as outlined in MTD 20-11.This document is intended for use on bridges designed by and for the California Department of Transportation. It reflects the current state of practice at Caltrans. This document contains references specific and unique to Caltrans and may not be applicable to other parties either institutional or private.1.1Definition of an Ordinary Standard BridgeA structure must meet all of the following requirements to be classified as an Ordinary Standard bridge:•Span lengths less than 300 feet (90 m)•Constructed with normal weight concrete girder, and column or pier elements•Horizontal members either rigidly connected, pin connected, or supported on conventional bearings by the substructure, isolation bearings and dampers are considered nonstandard components.1 Caltrans Design Manuals:Bridge Design Specifications, Memo To Designers, Bridge Design Details, Bridge Design Aids, BridgeDesign PracticeS EISMIC D ESIGN C RITERIA1-1S ECTION 1 - I NTRODUCTION •Dropped bent caps or integral bent caps terminating inside the exterior girder, C-bents, outrigger bents,and offset columns are nonstandard components.•Foundations supported on spread footing, pile cap w/piles, or pile shafts•Soil that is not susceptible to liquefaction, lateral spreading, or scour1.2Types of Components Addressed in the SDCThe SDC is focused on concrete bridges. Seismic criteria for structural steel bridges are being developed independently and will be incorporated into the future releases of the SDC. In the interim, inquiries regarding the seismic performance of structural steel components shall be directed to the Structural Steel Technical Specialist and the Structural Steel Committee.The SDC includes seismic design criteria for Ordinary Standard bridges constructed with the types of components listed in Table 1.Table 11.3Bridge SystemsA bridge system consists of superstructure and substructure components. The bridge system can be further characterized as an assembly of subsystems. Examples of bridge subsystems include:•Longitudinal frames separated by expansion joints•Multi-column or single column transverse bents supported on footings, piles, or shafts•Abutments1-2S EISMIC D ESIGN C RITERIAS EISMIC D ESIGN C RITERIA • F EBRUARY 2004 • V ERSION 1.3 Traditionally, the entire bridge system has been referred to as the global system, whereas an individual bent or column has been referred to as a local system. It is preferable to define these terms as relative and not absolute measures. For example, the analysis of a bridge frame is global relative to the analysis of a column subsystem, but is local relative to the analysis of the entire bridge system.1.4Local and Global BehaviorThe term “local” when pertaining to the behavior of an individual component or subsystem constitutes its response independent of the effects of adjacent components, subsystems or boundary conditions. The term “global” describes the overall behavior of the component, subsystem or bridge system including the effects of adjacent components, subsystems, or boundary conditions. See Section 2.2.2 for the distinction between local and global displacements.S EISMIC D ESIGN C RITERIA1-3。

小学上册英语第3单元真题试卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1. A ________ (泥土) test can improve growth.2.What do you call a book that tells about someone's life?A. NovelB. BiographyC. HistoryD. FictionB3. A _______ can provide a backdrop for photos.4.Chemical changes can be identified by changes in ________ or color.5. A chemical bond is formed when atoms ______.6.The ____ is known for its striking colors and patterns.7.My action _______ can fly high in the sky.8.________ (植物适应性管理) is critical for success.9.The _______ (小金色) is a common pet for many families.10.The __________ (历史的传承价值) shape identities.11.My favorite season is _______.12.The chemical formula for sodium nitrite is ______.13.The chemical reaction that occurs when fuel burns is called _______.14.I saw a _______ (小猪) in the farmyard.15.The ice cream is _______ (cold).16.What is the name of the fictional land where Peter Pan lives?A. NeverlandB. WonderlandC. OzD. NarniaA17.The ancient Egyptians practiced ______ (宗教) rituals to honor their gods.18. A ladybug has a red ______ (外表) with black spots.19.The _____ (花园) has vegetables.20.The __________ can lead to the creation of new habitats.21.What is the smallest continent?A. AsiaB. EuropeC. AustraliaD. AfricaC22.The process of making beer involves fermentation of _______.23.We will _______ (attend) a concert next week.24.My sister is a good __________. (歌手)25.The chemical symbol for lithium is ______.26.My grandma taught me how to knit. Now I can make ________ (围巾) for my dolls.27.The _____ (花瓣) are bright and colorful.28. A __________ is formed by the interaction of geologic processes and human activity.29.What is the main purpose of a map?A. To show directionB. To tell timeC. To find foodD. To write stories30.__________ (实验数据) must be recorded carefully for analysis.31.What is the boiling point of water in Celsius?A. 50 degreesB. 75 degreesC. 100 degreesD. 0 degreesC32.The _______ of an object can be tested with a ruler.33. A ________ (植物教育活动) fosters community engagement.34.She is a _____ (作家) contributing to literary magazines.35.An example of a noble gas is ______.36.What is a baby dog called?A. KittenB. PuppyC. CubD. ChickB37.The ocean is very ________.38.The platypus lays ______ (蛋).39.Did you see that _____ (小狗) wagging its tail happily?40.My sister is a ______. She loves fashion.41.I found a _______ (有趣的) book at the store.42.I love visiting toy museums to see rare and ________ (形容词) toys.43.I want to be an ______ (artist) when I grow up.44.We have ________ apples in the basket.45. A coyote is a wild ________________ (动物).46.Where do comets come from?A. The sunB. The Kuiper BeltC. The MoonD. The Earth47.The trees in the _______ provide shade and shelter.48.I enjoy cooking _______ (饼干) with my mom.49.My dad is building a ____ (treehouse) for us.50.What do you call the plant that grows in water?A. TreeB. FlowerC. Aquatic plantD. BushC51.What is the name of the largest organ in the human body?A. HeartB. BrainC. SkinD. LiverC52.How many strings does a typical guitar have?A. FourB. FiveC. SixD. SevenC53.What is the name of the river that runs through Egypt?A. NileB. AmazonC. YangtzeD. MississippiA54.My dream is to travel to _______ (日本).55.The kitten is very ___. (curious)56.The Earth's crust is made up of ______ (tectonic) plates.57. A compound is made up of two or more different ______.58.She is a talented ________.59.What do we call a large area covered by trees?A. DesertB. ForestC. MountainD. Field60.I love going on ________ during the holidays.61.What do we call the main ingredient in a sandwich?A. BreadB. FillingC. SauceD. ToppingsB62.Certain plants offer shade and beauty, enhancing outdoor ______ spaces. (某些植物提供阴凉和美丽，提升户外空间的吸引力。

Crime is a complex social phenomenon with multiple causes that can be analyzed from various perspectives.Here are some of the key reasons that contribute to the occurrence of crime:1.Economic Factors:Poverty and unemployment are often cited as primary economic factors that lead to crime.Individuals who struggle to meet their basic needs may resort to illegal activities to survive.cational Deficits:Lack of access to quality education can limit an individuals opportunities and lead to a lack of understanding about the consequences of criminal behavior.Moreover,education plays a crucial role in socializing individuals into societal norms and values.3.Social Disorganization:Communities with high levels of social disorganization often lack the social cohesion necessary to maintain informal social control.This can lead to a breakdown in community values and norms,making it easier for criminal behavior to occur.4.Cultural Factors:Certain subcultures may promote values and attitudes that are conducive to criminal behavior.For example,a culture that glorifies violence or material success at any cost can influence individuals to engage in criminal activities.5.Family Dynamics:Dysfunctional family environments,such as those characterized by abuse,neglect,or lack of parental guidance,can contribute to the development of criminal tendencies in children.6.Personality and Psychological Factors:Certain personality traits,such as impulsivity, aggression,and a lack of empathy,can predispose individuals to criminal behavior. Additionally,mental health issues can also play a role in the propensity to commit crimes.7.Peer Influence:The influence of peers can be a powerful factor in the decision to engage in criminal behavior.Associating with a group that engages in criminal activities can normalize such behavior and increase the likelihood of an individual participating in crime.8.Drug and Alcohol Abuse:Substance abuse can impair judgment and lower inhibitions, leading individuals to engage in criminal activities they might otherwise avoid.9.Inequality and Discrimination:Socioeconomic inequality and discrimination can create feelings of resentment and frustration,which may lead some individuals to turn to crimeas a means of redress or as a way to cope with their circumstances.ck of Effective Law Enforcement:In areas where law enforcement is weak or corrupt,the risk of being caught and punished for criminal activities is lower,which can encourage criminal behavior.11.Media Influence:The portrayal of crime in the media,particularly in films and television shows,can sometimes glamorize criminal behavior,influencing impressionable minds to view crime as an acceptable or even desirable behavior.12.Criminal Opportunities:The availability of opportunities to commit crimes,such as the presence of unguarded valuables or the lack of security measures,can facilitate criminal behavior.Understanding these factors can help in developing strategies for crime prevention and rehabilitation programs.It is important to address the root causes of crime to create a more just and safe society.。

国际医学会议交际英语（首医）期末考试1.判断题 (1分)The word “lecture” dates back to the 14th century, meaning “action of reading”.正确答案：正确2.判断题 (1分)The common formats for presentations include oral presentation, poster presentation, colloquium, symposium as well as workshop.正确答案：正确3.多选题 (2分)When the audience is unfamiliar with your topic, or when your topic is much complex given the educational backgrounds of the audience, you can help the audience understand you by the following ways:A Use a vocabulary that everyone will understandB Explain technical termsC Make your organizational plan obvious, and make transitions clearD Repeat and emphasize your key points正确答案：A,B,C,D4.多选题 (2分)When you are preparing and submitting your conference proposal, you should:A Outline your researchB Know the literature related to your topicC Be focused in your proposalD Be professional in correspondence正确答案：A,B,C,D5.判断题 (1分)B ody language is a kind of verbal communication, where thoughts, intentions, or feelings are expressed by physical behaviors, such as facial expressions, body posture, gestures, eye movement, touch and the use of space.正确答案：错误6.多选题 (2分)Which of the following are not good gesture choices?A Playing with your jewelry, your hair, or your clothing;B Clicking your ballpoint pen;C Scratching your face, head, or any other part of your body;D Drumming your fingers on the lectern or table;正确答案：A,B,C,D7.多选题 (2分)How can we overcome our nervousness?A Identify your fearsB Have a positive attitudeC Thoroughly prepare and vocally practiceD Learn relaxation techniques正确答案：A,B,C,D8.单选题 (1分)What are the ways to create a better title?A Remove all redundancyB Use verbs and prepositions, not just nouns and adjectivesC Check grammarD All of the above正确答案：D9.判断题 (1分)It is a good idea for presenters to poll the room or get the audience to raise their hands, and create context and commonality.正确答案：正确10.判断题 (1分)When you get up to start your presentation, try to smile and keep your eyes on the audience. Do not look up at the ceiling or down at the floor. Do not speak in a halting voice.正确答案：正确11.单选题 (1分)PowerPoint has the integrating capacity in that ______.A it could involve in other visual aids.B it could integrate with as many slides as possible.C it could have difficult formats.D it could link as many files as possible.正确答案：A12.单选题 (1分)The summary slide is about _____A “Tell the audience what you’ll tell them.”B “Tell them.”C “Tell them what you told them.”D the conclusion.正确答案：C13.单选题 (1分)When choosing a color scheme, you may______.A use pure, bright yellow on pure, bright blue.B choose very strong contrast between text and backgroundC choose “black on blue” or “white on yellow”D choose dark gray on a very light gray正确答案：D14.单选题 (1分)Which of the following is not the function of graphics? ______A graphics may save a lot of words and space in the PPT.B Graphics serve as quick references for the readerC Graphics can reveal trends, patterns, or relationships that might otherwise be difficult to grasp.D Graphics should not contain a lot of words.正确答案：D15.判断题 (1分)E vidence of the research should be provided early to the audience to assist the presentation. 正确答案：错误16.判断题 (1分)Sentences are preferable than flow charts or diagrams in presenting the summary of the presentation.正确答案：错误17.判断题 (1分)When presenting result, don’t include too much information and bury the important findings, just cover key results well.正确答案：正确There is hardly ever a need for a complete sentence in a slide presentation.正确答案：正确19.判断题 (1分)Mistakes in spelling are not important since they may not bring a disaster to your presentation. 正确答案：错误20.判断题 (1分)Try to use visual details as many as possible to make your bar graph eye catching.正确答案：正确21.单选题 (1分)Which type of graph is best for comparing the value of a single variable (usually a summary value such as a mean) among several groups?A line graphB scatterplotC bar graphD table正确答案：C22.单选题 (1分)What is not suggested in preparing for Q & A sessions?A treating this session as a formal part of the presentationB envisioning the possible questionsC reciting as much of the presentation as possibleD clarifying and summarizing the main points in the presentation正确答案：C23.多选题 (2分)Which of the following should be considered to enhance the visual effect of a poster?A textB color paletteC figuresD tables正确答案：A,B,C,D24.多选题 (2分)Which of the following sentence structures are usually used in the descriptions of bar graphs?A verbs to describe actionB adverbs to describe degreeC adjective + nouns to describe direction of movementD conjunctions to describe degree正确答案：A,B,C25.多选题 (2分)Which of the following visual aids are usually used in a poster?A tablesB figuresC picturesD cartoons正确答案：A,B,C26.判断题 (1分)Key information in the figure should be kept at the end to leave a deep impression on the audience.正确答案：错误A helpful strategy to respond to difficult questions is to restate main arguments in the presentation, regardless of what the question raisers ask.正确答案：错误28.判断题 (1分)F or questions that have meanings beyond the literal words, the presenter should be able to infer the intended mearning and make responses.正确答案：正确29.判断题 (1分)The poster should include an abstract.正确答案：错误30.判断题 (1分)The three phases of poster design are planning, production and presentation.正确答案：正确31.单选题 (1分)The main purpose of attending an academic conference isA to onself known among other peersB to be more popular among other scholarsC to increase his professional links among peersD to know more about his research field正确答案：C32.单选题 (1分)What kind of preperations should one make before attending an academic conferenceA having a thorough understanding of topics involved carefullyB sending emails to each presenterC finding out the one in charged for hosting the conferenceD narrowing down the experts he/she wanted to meet most正确答案：D33.单选题 (1分)What a presenter should do before attending the conferenceA get to know other presentersB shop for clothingsC refine one's pptD prepare all the documents requested by the conference committee正确答案：D34.单选题 (1分)B efore attending a medical conference, an attendee shouldn'tA dress without checking the occasionB check the schedule listC check the item listD check the attendee list正确答案：A35.判断题 (1分)A presider should give out the background of each speaker when announcing schedule正确答案：错误36.判断题 (1分)When organizing discussions, the presider should compare points of different speakers'正确答案：错误37.判断题 (1分)A presenter should always send the whole part of his/her paper to the conference request before attending it正确答案：错误38.判断题 (1分)When calling an expert, it's better not to directly address him/her by his/her first name正确答案：正确39.判断题 (1分)A n e-mail sent to an expert must be formal in style正确答案：正确40.判断题 (1分)When someone approaches to you at an academic conference it's ok to sit still while talking 正确答案：错误。

高二英语地理流派单选题30题1. Which of the following is a key concept in the environmental determinism school of geography?A. Human adaptation to the environmentB. The influence of the environment on human behaviorC. Human dominance over the environmentD. The randomness of geographical phenomena答案：B。

本题主要考查对环境决定论这一地理流派关键概念的理解。

选项A 强调的是人类对环境的适应，并非环境决定论的核心；选项 C 人类主导环境与环境决定论相悖；选项 D 地理现象的随机性并非该流派的重点。

而选项B 环境对人类行为的影响，正是环境决定论的核心概念。

2. In the cultural geography school, which factor is considered highly influential?A. Physical landscapeB. Economic developmentC. Cultural traditionsD. Climate conditions答案：C。

文化地理学流派中，文化传统被认为具有高度影响力。

选项 A 物理景观在其他流派中可能更受关注；选项 B 经济发展并非该流派重点；选项D 气候条件也不是文化地理学重点研究的影响因素。

3. Which of the following is not a feature of the spatial analysis school of geography?A. Focus on geographical patternsB. Emphasis on quantitative methodsC. Ignore the connection between placesD. Study of spatial relationships答案：C。

B light source B 光源B reaction B 反应B score B 分数B type B 型B type BMR B 型基础代谢率B type personality B 型人格B.P. 血压babble 咿呀语babbler 说话不清楚的人babbling stage 咿呀语期babe 婴儿Babinsky law 巴宾斯基定律Babinsky phenomenon 巴宾斯基现象Babinsky reflex 巴宾斯基反射Babinsky sign 巴宾斯基症Babinsky Nageotte syndrome 巴纳二氏综合症baboon 狒狒baby biography 婴儿传记baby boom 生育高峰期baby bust 生育低谷期baby farm 育婴院baby talk 儿语babyhood 婴儿期babyish 孩子气的bacchanal 狂饮作乐者bacchant 酗酒的bacchante 酗酒的女人bach 独身男人bachelor 未婚男子bachelor girl 独身女子bachelor mother 独身母亲bachelordom 独身bachelorette 未婚少女bacillophobia 恐细菌症back action 反向作用back breaking 劳累至极的back reaction 反向反应back up data 备查资料backache 背痛backer 支持者background 背景background characteristics 背景特征background checks 背景考核background condition 背景条件background information 背景信息background music 背景音乐background noise 背景噪声background of feeling 感觉的背景background of information 信息背景background reflectance 背景反差background science 基本科学backknee 膝反屈backlash 间隙backrest 靠背backscatter 反向散射backtrack 反退backward acceleration 后向加速度backward association 倒行联想backward classical conditioning 逆向古典条件反射backward conditioning 后向条件作用backward conditioning reflex 倒行条件反射backward curve 反向曲线backward elimination procedure 反向淘汰法backward inference 逆向推理backward learning curve 倒行学习曲线逆向学习曲 backward masking 倒行掩蔽backward moving 后向运动backward reading 反向阅读backward shifting 逆转backward transfer 逆向迁移Baconian 培根哲学的Baconian method 培根法bad 恶的bad blood 恨bad language 骂人的话bad me 劣我badger 纠缠badinage 开玩笑badly off 穷的bad weather flight 复杂天气飞行baffle 隔音板baffle 阻碍bagatelle 不重要的东西baggage 过时的观念bagged 喝醉的baggy 宽松下垂的Baillarge bands 贝亚尔惹带Baillarge layer 贝亚尔惹层Baillarge lines 贝亚尔惹线Baillarge sign 贝亚尔惹症Baillarge striae 贝亚尔惹纹Baillarge striation 贝亚尔惹纹Baillarge stripes 贝亚尔惹纹bait shyness 怯饵balance 平衡balance force 平衡力balance frequency 均衡频率balance hypothesis 平衡假说balance of control 控制平衡balance of nature 自然平衡balance of power 均势balance of power 势力平衡balance scale 平衡量表balance test 平衡检验balance theory 平衡论balance type 平衡型balanced bilingual 平衡型双重语言balanced error 对称误差balanced experimental design 平衡实验设计balanced sample 对称样本balanced sampling 对称抽样balanced structural change 平衡结构改变balanced type 平衡型balancing response 平衡反应balderdash 胡言乱语bale 灾祸Balint s syndrome 巴林特综合症Ball Adjustment Inventory 贝尔适应性调查表ball and field test 球与运动场测验Ball and Field Test 寻找失球测验Ballard phenomenon 巴拉德无意识记现象Ballard Williams phenomenon 巴拉德 威廉斯现象Ballet sign 巴雷症ballism 颤搐ballistic 颤搐的ballistic movement 冲击运动ballistics 弹道学ballistics 射击学ballistocardiogram 心冲击描记图ballistocardiograph 心冲击描记器ballistocardiography 心冲击描记术ballistophobia 飞弹恐怖症balmy 有香气的baloney 骗人的鬼话balsam 香油balsamic 香料香bamboozle 欺骗ban 禁令banal 平庸的banality 陈词滥调band 带band chart 带形图band curve chart 带形曲线图band movement 带形运动band wagon technique 运用流行思想的宣传术banding 能力分组Bandura s personality theory 班图拉个性理论bandwagon effect 潮流效应bandwagon effect 从众效应bandwagon technique 挟众宣传技术bandwidth 频带宽度bandwidth fidelity dilemma 宽度 精确度两难band pass filter 带通滤光器band pass sound pressure level 带通声压水平baneful influence 恶劣影响banish 消除bankrupt 破坏者bankruptcy 破产banter 开玩笑bantering 开玩笑的bar 巴bar 棒bar chart 条形图bar diagram 条形图bar diagram 柱形图bar graph 柱形统计图baragnosis 压觉缺失Barany Pointing Test 巴兰尼指向测验Barany Test 巴兰尼平衡觉测验Barany s sign 巴兰尼症Barany s symptom 巴兰尼症状barbaralalia 异国语言涩滞barbarian 不文明的barbarism 粗暴行为barbarism 非规范语言现象barbarity 残暴barbarize 变得野蛮barbital 巴比妥barbiturate 巴比妥酸盐Barclay Classroom Climate Inventory 巴克雷班级气氛测验baresthesia 压觉baresthesiometer 压觉计bargain for 指望bargaining 协商bargaining theory 谈判理论barium sulfate 硫酸钡Barnum effect 巴奴姆效应baroagnosis 压觉缺失baroelectroesthesiometer 压觉电测计barognosis 辨重能barometer 气压计baropacer 血压调节器barophilic 嗜压的barophobia 重量恐怖症baroreceptor 压力感受器barothermograph 气压温度计barracoon 奴隶集中场所Barret Lennard Relationship Inventory 巴伦二氏关系量表Barre Guillain syndrome 急性热病性多神经炎Barre Lieou syndrome 后颈交感神经综合症barrier 隔栅Barron Conformity Scale 贝伦从众量表Barron Welsh Art Scale 贝韦二氏美术量表barye 微巴baryencephalia 智力迟钝baryesthesia 压觉baryglossia 言语拙笨barylalia 言语不清baryphonia 语声涩滞basal 底的basal age 基础年龄basal age 基准年龄basal body temperature 基础体温basal ganglia 基底神经节basal ganglion 基底神经节basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率basal metabolic rate 新陈代谢基率basal metabolism 基础代谢basal reflex 基础反射basal year level 基础年龄base 基础base component 基础部分base configuration 基础构造base form 基础形式base frequency 基础频率base line 基线base material 基质base of skull 颅底base point 基点base rate 基础比率base rule 基础规则base structure 基础结构base year 基础年龄Basedow s disease 巴塞道病baseline activity 基线活动baseline group 基准组baseline time 基线时间basement effect 底层效应bashfulness 羞怯basiarachnitis 颅底蛛膜炎basiarachnoiditis 颅底蛛膜炎basic acts 基本动作Basic and Applied Social Psychology 基础与应用社会心理学basic anxiety 基本焦虑basic anxiety theory 基本焦虑理论basic body dimension drawings 基本人体尺寸图basic capacity 基本能力basic cells of thinking 思维的基本单位思维的基本单位basic concept 基本概念basic conflict 基本冲突basic contention 基本论点basic contradiction 基本矛盾basic element 基本元素basic energy level 基本能量水平basic fact 基本事实basic feature 基本特征basic form 基本形式basic formal pattern 基本形式模式basic frequency 基本频率basic function of commodities 商品的基本功能basic human right 基本人权basic law 基本法律basic line 基线basic logic 基础逻辑basic meaning 基本意义basic mistrust 基本怀疑basic modal logic 基本模态逻辑basic need 基本需要basic number 基数Basic Occupational Literacy Test 基本职业识字测验basic operation 基本运算basic personality 基本人格basic personality structure 基本人格构造basic personality type 基本人格类型basic principle 基本原理basic process 基本过程basic process of nervous activity 神经活动的基本过程basic representation 基本表示basic research 基本研究basic rule 基本规则basic sentence 基本句子basic skill 基本技能basic solution 基本解basic statement 基本陈述basic statistical method 基本统计方法basic statistics 基本统计basic structure 基本结构basic structure of a subject 学科的基本结构basic symbol 基本符号basic terminology 基本术语basic thought 基本思想basic trust 基本信任basic variable 基本变量basic vocabulary 基本语汇basilar membrane 基底膜basilemma 基膜basioccipital 枕骨底部basis 基础basis cerebri 大脑底basis of calculation 计算标准basis of ethics 伦理学基础basis reference 参考基准basiscopic 下侧的basket 蓝状细胞basket endings 蓝状末梢basograph 步态描记器basophobia 恐走动症basophobia 走动恐怖症basophobiac 步行恐怖者bastard 私生子Bastick s intuition theory 巴斯蒂克直觉论bathesthesia 深部感觉bathmic 生长力的bathmic force 进化控制力bathmotropic 变阈性bathmotropic action 变兴奋性作用bathomorphic 凹眼的bathophobia 望深恐怖症bathyanesthesia 深部感觉缺失bathyesthesia 深部觉bathyhyperesthesia 深部感觉过敏bathyhypesthesia 深部感觉迟钝bathypsychology 深蕴心理学BATNA 达成谈判协议的最佳选择方案batrachophobia 恐蛙症batrachophobia 蛙恐怖症bats 发疯的battarism 口吃battered child syndrome 被虐儿童综合症battery of tests 成套测验battle fatigue 战争神经症Battley s sedative 巴特利镇静剂bawdry 淫乱Bayesian analysis 贝叶斯分析Bayesian inference 贝叶斯推论Bayesian statistic 贝叶斯统计Bayes s estimator 贝叶斯估计量Bayes s theorem 贝叶斯定理Bayley Scales 贝氏量表Bayley Scales of Infant Development 贝氏婴儿发展量表Bayle s disease 贝尔病BBB 血脑屏障血脑屏障BBT 基础体温beamy 放光的bear with 忍受Beard s disease 神经衰弱bearing capacity 承载能力bearing down 下坠力bearish 粗鲁的beastliness 兽性beastly 残忍的beat 拍beat generation 美国“垮了的一代”美国“垮了的一代”beat of pulse 脉搏beaten 筋疲力尽的beating fantasy 毒打幻想beat frequency oscillator 节拍器beat tone 拍音beauty 美beauty of art 艺术美beauty of behavior 行为美beauty of defect 缺陷美beauty of environment 环境美beauty of human body 人体美beauty of human society 人类社会美beauty of language 语言美beauty of mind 心灵美beauty of nature 自然美beauty of neutrality 中和美beauty of silence 无言美beauty of staunchness 刚性美Bechterev technique 别赫切列夫法Bechterev s nucleus 别赫切列夫核Bechterev s nucleus 前庭神经上核Beck Depression Inventory 白氏抑郁症量表Becker Test 贝克尔试验Beckman thermometer 贝克曼氏温度计贝克曼氏温度计beckon 召唤bedevil 折磨bedevilment 着魔bedfast 卧床不起bedim 模糊不清bedlamism 疯狂状态bedlamite 精神病患者bedrid 卧床不起bedridden 卧床不起bed wetting 遗尿Beevor s sign 比佛症befit 适合before after design 事前事后设计前後设计法before after experiment 事前事后测验beginning of personality 人格起源beginning psychology 早期心理学behavior 行为behavior act 行为动作behavior adaptation 行为适应behavior adjustment 行为适应behavior analysis 行为分析Behavior and Philosophy 行为与哲学behavior assumption 行为假定behavior biology 行为生物学behavior case study 行为事例研究法behavior chain 行为连锁behavior chaining 行为连锁化behavior change 行为变化behavior characteristics 行为特征behavior check list 行为检核表behavior component 行为成分behavior contagion 行为感染behavior contract 行为契约behavior control 行为控制behavior control power 行为控制力behavior description 行为描述behavior determinant 行为定因behavior disorder 行为障碍behavior disposition 行为意向behavior dynamics 行为动力学behavior ecology 行为生态学behavior emergence 行为显现behavior engineering 行为工程学behavior environment 行为环境behavior feedback 行为反馈behavior field 行为场behavior genetics 行为遗传学behavior gradient 行为梯度behavior homology 行为同源behavior integration 行为整合behavior interaction 行为相互作用behavior level 行为水平behavior measure 行为测量behavior medicine 行为医学behavior method 行为研究法behavior modification 行为矫正behavior observation 行为观察behavior observation scales 行为评定量表Behavior Observation Survey 行为观察调查表behavior of men 人类行为behavior patter 行为模式behavior patter in old age 老年期的行为模式behavior potential 行为势能behavior problem 行为问题behavior psychology 行为心理学behavior rating 行为评定法Behavior Rating Instrument for Autistic and Other Atypical Children 孤独和反常儿童行为评定工具behavior rating schedule 行为评定表behavior reaction 行为反应behavior record 行为记录behavior reflex 行为反射Behavior Research and Therapy 行为研究与治疗behavior rigidity 行为僵化behavior sampling 行为抽样behavior segment 行为片段behavior setting 行为定势behavior shaping 行为塑造behavior socialization 行为社会化behavior space 行为空间behavior system 行为系统behavior theory 行为理论Behavior Therapy 行为疗法behavior therapy groups 行为治疗团体行为治疗团体behavior transfer 行为转移behavior type 行为类型behavior unit 行为单元behavioral 行为的behavioral analysis of society 社会的行为分析Behavioral Anchored Rating Scale 行为定位评价量表behavioral and learning principles 行为与学习原则behavioral competence 行为能力behavioral component 行为性成分behavioral concept 行为概念behavioral constraint model 行为受限模型behavioral contrast 行为反差behavioral counseling 行为咨询behavioral decision theory 行为决策理论behavioral dimorphism 行为二形性behavioral disposition 行为意向behavioral ecology 行为生态学behavioral engineering 行为工程学behavioral environment 行为环境behavioral equivalence 行为等值behavioral expression 行为表现behavioral facilitation 行为便利化behavioral genetics 行为遗传学behavioral indicator 行为指标behavioral intention 行为意向behavioral learning model 行为学习模式行为学习模式behavioral measure 行为测量behavioral medicine 行为医学behavioral model 行为模式behavioral motive 行为动机Behavioral Neuroscience 行为神经科学behavioral norms 行为规范behavioral objective 行为目标behavioral pattern 行为模式behavioral pattern theories 行为模式理论behavioral phase 行为阶段behavioral psychology 行为主义心理学行为主义心理学behavioral psychotherapy 行为心理治疗行为心理治疗法behavioral school 行为学派behavioral science 行为科学behavioral scientific decision model 行为科学的决策模式behavioral scientific decision rule 行为科学的决策规则behavioral scientist 行为科学家behavioral sink 行为的沉沦behavioral stimulus field 行为刺激场behavioral styles theory 行为类型理论行为类型理论behavioral taxonomy 行为分类学behavioral techniques 行为技术behavioral theories of leadership 领导的行为理论behavioral theories of learning 学习的行为理论behavioral theory 行为理论behavioral trait 行为特性behavioral unity 行为统一behavioral pattern theories of leadership 领导的行为模式理论behaviorism 行为主义behaviorist 行为主义者behavioristic 行为主义的behavioristic approach 行为主义方法behavioristic psychology 行为主义心理学behavioristic resistance 行为阻力behavioristics 行为学behavior mapping 行为区划behind conditioned reflex 错后条件反射错後制约反射Behn Rorschach Test 贝 罗测验beholder 观看者being 存在being and becoming 存在和生成being and freedom 存在和自由being and meaning 存在与意义being and not being 有与无being and time 存在与时间being cognition 存在认知being fond of learning 好学being love 存在之爱being motivation 存在动机being need 存在需求being value 存在价值beingless 不存在的beingless 无实在性being beyond the world 超现实存在being for itself 自为之有being for self 自为存在being imitated effect 受模仿效应being in itself 实在本身being in the world 现实中存在Bekesy audiometry 贝克赛测听法Bekhterev technique 别赫捷列夫法Bekhterev Test 别赫捷列夫试验Bekhterev s layer 别赫捷列夫层Bekhterev s nucleus 前庭神经上核Bekhterev s reflex 别赫捷列夫反射Bekhterev s symptom 面肌麻痹bel 贝尔bel esprit 才子belabor 痛打belief 信念belief and worship 信仰与崇拜belief systems 信仰体系belief value matrix 信念价值方阵believe 信任believing and necessity 信仰与需要belittle 贬低Bell Adjustment Inventory 贝尔适应量表belladonna 颠茄belle indifference 泰然淡漠Bellevue Scale 贝尔夫智力量表belligerence 好战性bellow 吼叫belly laugh 捧腹大笑Bell s law 贝尔定律Bell s mania 急性谵妄Bell s nerve 胸长神经Bell s palsy 贝尔麻痹Bell s phenomenon 贝尔现象Bell Magendic law 贝 马神经运动感知定律bell shaped 钟形bell shaped curve 钟形曲线bell shaped distribution 钟形分布bell shaped symmetrical curve 钟形对称曲线belonephobia 尖物恐怖症belonephobia 恐针症belonging 隶属belonging need 从众需要belonging need 归属需要belongingness 从众性belongingness 归属感belongingness and love need 归属与相爱需要belonoskiascopy 针形检影法bemoan 悲叹Benary effect 贝纳瑞效应bench height 工作台高度benchmark 基准benchmark data 基准数据benchmark program 基准程序benchmark system 基准系统Bender Gestalt Test 本德尔格式塔测验班达完形测验Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test 本德尔视觉动作完形测验beneath contempt 卑鄙之极beneath notice 不值得注意的beneceptor 良性感受器Benedikt s syndrome 本尼迪克特综合症benefaction 善行benefit 利益benevolence 仁爱benevolent authoritative management 恩威式管理Benham top 贝汉圆板benign psychosis 良性精神病benignity 慈祥Bennett Mechanical Comprehension Test 贝纳特机械理解测验Bennett Test 贝纳特大学智力测验benny 安非他明片Benton Visual Retention Test 本顿视觉保持测验benumb 使僵化berate 训斥bereavement 丧亲之哀bereavement and mourning reaction 居丧反应Berger rhythm 贝格尔节律Berger rhythm 甲种脑电波Bergeron s chorea 贝尔热隆病Berger s paresthesia 贝格尔感觉异常柏格感觉 常Berger s sign 贝格尔症Berger s symptom 贝格尔症状Bergmann s cells 贝格曼细胞Bergmann s cords 第四脑室髓纹Bergmann s fibers 贝格曼纤维Bergsonian 柏格森派Bergsonism 柏格森主义Bergson s doctrine of duration 柏格森的绵延说Berkeleian 贝克莱派Berkeleian idealism 贝克莱派唯心主义贝克莱派唯心主义Berkeleianism 贝克莱主义Berkeley s theory of vision 贝克莱视觉说Berlin s disease 视网膜震荡Bernheimer s fibers 伯恩海默纤维Bernreuter Personality Inventory 本罗特人格量表berserk fury 暴怒berserker 狂暴的人beseech 恳求besetment 困扰beshrew 诅咒beside oneself with joy 欣喜若狂besmirch 沾污best allocation 最佳配置best estimate 最佳推算数best estimator 最佳估计量best fit 最佳配合best in quality 品质优良best linear unbiased estimator 最佳线性不偏估计量best test 最佳检验bestiality 兽恋症bestiality 兽性bestow 赠给best answer test 选答测验beta coefficient β系数beta distribution β分布Beta Examination β智力测验beta hypothesis β假说beta model β模式beta motor neuron β运动神经元beta movement β似动现象beta movement β运动beta particle β粒子beta ray β射线beta receptor β受体beta response β节律beta value β值beta wave β波beta wave 乙型波beta binomial models β二项式模式beta fiber β纤维beta receptor β 肾上腺受体betrayal 背叛行为bettered child 被虐儿童bettered child syndrome 被虐儿童综合症bettered wife 被虐妻子betterment 改善betterness 优等better off 境况较好between group design 组间设计between group variable 组间方差between word spacing 字间距betweenbrain 间脑betweenness 中间性between Ss design 组间法between subjects design 被试者间设计被试者间设计between subjects variance 被试者间方差Betz cell area 贝兹细胞区Betz cells 贝兹细胞bewail 悲叹beware 谨防bewilderment 迷惑状态bewitch 蛊惑bewitchment 被蛊惑bewray 泄露Bezold s color mixing effect 贝措尔德混色效应Bezold s ganglion 贝措尔德神经节Bezold s triad 贝措尔德三症Bezold Brucke effect 贝 勃效应Bezold Brucke phenomenon 贝 勃色觉现象Bezold Brucke shift 贝 勃转移bhang 印度大麻bi serial 双列Bianchi s syndrome 比昂基综合症bias 偏差bias 偏向biased choice 偏见选择biased error 偏误biased estimator 有偏估计量biased group 选择组biased result 有偏结果biased sample 偏性样本biased sampling 偏性抽样biased statistic 有偏统计量bibber 酒鬼bibliofilm 图书缩微胶片Bibliographic Guide to Psychology 心理学文献指南bibliography 文献目录bibliomania 藏书癖bibliophilism 爱书癖bibliophilism 藏书家bibliophobia 恐书症bibliotherapy 读书疗法bicameral 两腔的Bichat s canal 大脑大静脉Bichat s fissure 大脑横裂Bichat s foramen 蛛网膜孔bicker 争吵bicoordinate navigation 双坐标导航bicycle ergometer 自行车测力计Bidder s ganglion 比德尔神经节bidding 命令Biedl s disease 比德尔病Biedl s syndrome 比德尔综合症Bielschowsky s method 比尔肖夫斯基法比尔肖夫斯基法Bielschowsky Jansky disease 晚期婴儿型家族性黑蒙性痴呆Biernacki s sign 别尔纳茨基症bifactor theory of conditioning 条件反射二因素说bifuration 分支亲系bifurcate 两枝的bifurcation point 分歧点bifurcation problem 分歧问题bifurcation theory 分歧理论big business 大企业big cheese 粗鲁男子big mouth 多话的人bigamist 犯重婚罪者bigamy 重婚bigot 抱偏见的人bigotry 偏执bilateral 两侧的bilateral cooperative model of reading 阅读的双边协作模式bilateral descent 双亲遗传bilateral power relationship 双方分权关系bilateral summation 两侧积累bilateral symmetry 两侧对称bilateral transfer 两侧性迁移bilateral transfer 左右迁移bilateral type 两侧对称式bilateralism 两侧对称bilaterality 两侧对称bilaterally symmetrical 两侧对称的bile 胆液bilineurine 胆碱bilingual 双重语言的bilingual children 双语儿童bilingual distribution 双语分布bilingual education 双语教育bilingual interference 双语阻扰bilingual society 双语社会bilingualism 双语制bilingualism 双重语言bilious 暴躁的bilious 胆汁的bilious temperament 胆汁质bilis 胆汁bimanual synergia 双手协同运动bimodal 双峰的bimodal curve 双峰曲线bimodal distribution 双峰分配bimodality 双峰性binac 二进制自动计算机binary 二进制的binary arithmetic 二进制算术binary bit 二进位binary cell 二进制单位binary digits 二进位数binary information 二进制信息binary internal number base 内二进制数基binary number 二进制数binary signal 二进制信号binary word 二进制字binaural 双耳的binaural fusion 双耳融合binaural hearing 双耳听觉binaural interaction 双耳相互作用binaural phase difference 双耳相位差binaural ratio 双耳比例binding energy 结合能bindle stiff 流浪汉Binet Simon Intelligence ScaleBinet class 比内班Binet laboratory 比内实验室Binet Scale 比内量表Binet Test 比内测验Binetgram 比内量表图解Binet Simon classification 比内 西蒙分类Binet Simon Scale of Intelligence 比内 西蒙智力量表Binet Simon Test 比内 西蒙测验binocular 双眼的binocular accommodation 双眼调节binocular cell 双眼性细胞binocular color mixture 双眼混色binocular colormixture 双眼色混合binocular contrast 双眼对比binocular cues 双眼线索binocular depth perception 双眼深度知觉binocular diplopia 双眼复视binocular disparity 双眼像差binocular fixation 双眼注视binocular flicker 双眼集中binocular fusion 双眼视像融合binocular information 双眼信息binocular luster 双眼光泽现象binocular matching 双眼调节binocular parallax 双眼视差binocular perception 双眼知觉binocular perspective 双眼透视binocular rivalry 双眼竞争binocular stereopsis 双眼实体视觉binocular summation 双眼总和binocular synergy 双眼共同运动binocular vision 双眼视觉binomial 二项式binomial coefficient 二项系数binomial distribution 二项分布binomial group testing 二项分组测验法二项分组测验法binomial theorem 二项式定理binomial variable 二项变量binophthalmoscope 双目检眼镜binoscope 双目单视镜Binswanger dementia 宾斯万格痴呆Binswanger encephalitis 宾斯万格脑炎宾斯万格脑炎bioassay 生物鉴定biobalance 生物平衡biocenology 生物群落学biocenose 生物群落biocenosis 生物群落biochemical defect 生化缺陷biochemical energy 生化能biochemical engineering 生化工程biochemical evolution 生化进化biochemical genetics 生化遗传学biochemical mechanism 生化机制biochemist 生物化学家biochemistry 生物化学biochemorphology 形态生物化学bioclimatology 物候学biocoenology 生物群落学biocoenosis 生物群落biocybernetics 生物控制论biocycle 生活周期biodynamics 生物动力学bioecology 生物生态学bioelectric current 生物电流bioelectric potential 生物电位bioelectricity 生物电bioelectrogenesis 生物电发生bioelement 生物元素bioenergetics 生物能量学bioengineering 生物工程学bioethics 生物伦理学biofeedback 生物反馈biofeedback therapy 生物反馈疗法biofeedback training 生物反馈训练biogenesis 生源说biogenetic law 生物发生原则biogenic 生源的biogenic amine 生物胺biogenic amine hypothesis of depression 抑郁症的生物胺假说biogenic motive 生物发生动机biogenic succession 生物进化演替biogenous 生物发生的biogeochemistry 生物地球化学biogeography 生物地理学biograph 生物运动描记器biographer 传记作者biographical characteristics 传记特点biographical data 传记式资料biographical inventory 传记式量表Biographical Inventory for R & T Talent 科研人才甄选传记式量表biographical inventory tests 传记式问卷测验biographical method 传记法biographical study 传记研究biographical type case study 传记式个案研究biography 传记biokinetics 生物运动学biolinguistics 生物语言学biologic therapy 生理疗法biological aging 生物性老化biological anthropology 生物人类学biological balance 生态平衡biological clock 生物钟biological cycle 生物周期biological determinism 生物决定论biological drive 生物性驱力biological engineering 生物工程学biological gratification 生物满足biological heritage 生理承袭biological imperative 生理的必然性biological intelligence 生理智力biological memory 生物性记忆biological motivation 生物性动机biological motive 生物性动机biological nature of man 人的生物性biological need 生理需要biological rhythm 生物节律biological school in crimin 犯罪生物学派biological sex difference 生物性别差异生物性别差biological tendency 生物倾向biological theory 生物学理论biological theory of sex type 性别类型的生物学理论biologicalization 生物学化biologism 生物学主义biologist 生物学家biologos 生物活力biology 生物学biomathematics 生物数学biome 生物群落biomechanics 生物力学biomechanism 生物机械论biomedical engineering 生物医学工程学生物医学工程学biomedical model 生物医学模式biomedical therapy 生物医学疗法biomedicine 生物医学biometeorology 生物气象学biometric 生物计量的biometric procedure 生物统计法biometrics 生物计量学biometrics method 生理计量法biometry 生物统计学biomophic 生物形态的bionergy 生命力bionics 仿生学bionomic 生态的bionomic factor 生态因素bionomics 生态学bionomy 生命规律学bionomy 生态学bionuclenonics 生物核子学biophilia 生物自卫本能biophotometer 光度适应计biophysical intervention 生物物理干涉生物物理干涉biophysicist 生物物理学家biophysics 生物物理学bioplasm 原生质biopoiesis 生命自生bioprogram language 生物程序语言biopsychic 生物心理的biopsychology 生物心理学biopsychosocial medical model 生物心理社会医学模式biopsychosocial model 生物心理社会模式bioreactor 生物反应器bioreversible 生物可逆的biorgan 生理器官biorhythm 生物节律bios 生物活素类biosensor 生理传感器biosis 生命现象biosocial 生物社会的biosocial approach 生物社会性研究方法biosocial environment 生物社会环境biosocial psychology 生物社会心理学biosocial theory 生物社会论biosphere 生物圈biostatics 生物静力学biostatistician 生物统计学家biostatistics 生物统计学biotaxy 生物分类学biotechnology 生物技术学biotelemetry 生物遥测法biotic community 生物共同体biotic energy 生命力biotic environment 生物环境biotic experiment 生物实验biotic influence 生物影响biotics 生命学biotomy 生物解剖学biotype 生物类型biotypology 生物属型学bio acoustics 生物声学bio clock 生物钟bio ecology 生物生态学bio electricity 生物电bio electrochemistry 生物电化学bio energetics 生物能学bio engineering 生物工程bio information 生物信息bio medical model 生物医学模式biparental 双亲的biparental inheritance 双亲遗传biphasic 两相的biphasic symptom 两相症状bipolar 双极的bipolar adjective scale 双极形容词量表双极形容量表bipolar affective disorder 两极性情绪紊乱bipolar affective psychosis 两极情感性精神病bipolar cell 双极细胞bipolar cell layer 双极细胞层bipolar depression 两极型忧郁症bipolar disorder 两极型异常bipolar lead 双极导出bipolar nerve cell 双极神经细胞bipolar neuron 双极神经元bipolar rating scale 两极式评定量表bipolarity 两极性bipolarity of affective 情感两极性bipolarity of feeling 情感两极性bipotentiality 双潜能bipotentiality of the gonad 生殖腺两性潜能birth 分娩birth adjustment 出生顺应birth age specific 年龄别出生率birth age marital 年龄 婚龄别出生率birth cohort 出生组birth control 节制生育birth differential 级差的出生率birth injury 产伤birth intrinsic 固定人口出生率birth nuptial 婚姻出生率birth order 出生次序birth place population 出生的人口birth planned 计划出生率birth process 出生过程birth rate 出生率birth specific 类别出生率birth stable rate 稳定出生率birth standardized 标准化出生率birth statistics 出生统计birth symbolism 出生表象birth total 合计出生率birth trauma 产伤birth trauma 出生创伤birthright 生来就有的权利birth and death process 出生死亡过程出生死亡历程bisect 分开bisected brain 分裂脑bisection 平分bisector 平分线bisectrix 等分角线biserial 双数列的biserial coefficient 双数列系数biserial coefficient of correlation 双列相关系数biserial correlation 二列相关biserial correlation 双列相关biserial correlation coefficient 双列相关系数biserial ratio of correlation 双数列相关比bisexual libido 两性欲力bisexuality 两性俱有Bishop s sphygmoscope 毕晓普脉搏检视器bit 比特bit 二进制位bit combination 位组合bit of information 信息单位bit per second 每秒比特bit site 数位位置bit time 一位时间bitter 苦bitterness 苦味bivalent releaser 二价释放刺激bivariate 双变量的bivariate analysis 双变量分析bivariate correlation 双变量相关bivariate distribution 二元分布bivariate frequency table 双变量次数表双变项次数表bivariate normal distribution 双变量正态分布bizarre delusion 怪异妄想bizarre experience 奇异经验bizarre image 怪诞意象bi directional goal gradient 双向目标梯度bi directional movement 双向移动bi directional replication 二向复制bi modality 双通道blabber 喋喋不休的人black 黑black box 暗箱black box 黑匣子black box theory 黑箱理论black despair 绝望black in the face 脸色发紫black light 黑线black out 撤光black propaganda 暗宣传blackbox 暗箱blackbox theory 暗箱说blackdamp 窒息性空气blackguard 恶棍blackguardism 恶棍行为blackmail 敲榨blackout 黑视blackout 昏厥blackout threshold 失觉阈限Blacky Pictures 布莱克漫画测验Blacky Test 布莱克测验black box organization model 黑箱组织模型black box paradigm 黑箱范式bladder 膀胱bladder control 膀胱控制bladder training 排尿训练blah 废话Blake s disks 布莱克盘blame 责备blank experiment 插入实验blank experiment 空白实验blank field effect 空虚视野效应blank instruction 空白指令blank trial 空白练习blarney 奉承话blase 厌于享乐的blaspheme 辱骂blasphemer 辱骂者blast 胚叶blastocyte 胚细胞blastomere 裂球blastophyly 种族史blastoprolepsis 发育迅速blastula 囊胚blather 胡说bleaching 漂白blemish 污点blench 退缩blend 混合blepharism 脸痉挛blepharoplegia 脸瘫痪blight 使失望blind 盲点blind action 盲动blind alley 盲路blind alley job 盲目职业blind analysis 匿情分析blind child 盲童blind path 盲路blind positioning movement 盲目定位动作blind research procedure 保密研究法blind spot 盲点blinder 障眼物blinding glare 失明眩光blindism 盲人主义blindman 盲人blindman s buff 捉迷藏blindness 盲blink 瞬目blink rate 眨眼率blink reflex 眨眼反应blinker 闪光警戒标blinking 瞬目blinking coding 闪烁编码blinking light 闪光信号灯blinkpunkt 注视点blink eyed 习惯性眨眼blob 模糊的东西Bloch s law 布洛奇法则block 区block 阻断block access 字组存取block building 积木block chart 方块图block code 分组码block design 分组实验设计block design 区组设计block diagram 直方图block encoding 分块编码block sample 区域样本block sampling 区域抽样。