2015年考博英语备考完全指导课程（一）
复习规划
基础阶段 4 月-8 月
真题训练 8 月-12 月
写作 12 月-1 月
冲刺 1 月-2 月
类型要点
1 听力
考博英语听力的难度基本相当于六级难度，主要测试考生掌握听力材料中心思想和主要内容的能力，考查考生对对话情景、场合、人物关系、说话人身份、说话意图、话语含义等的理解和判断能力，此外，听力理解试题对考生捕捉主要信息、熟悉习语表达、熟练语法结构变式等方面均有较高要求。
2 词汇
2. Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Obviously, the earliest teachers we have in our lives in most cases are our parents, and they are generally the most involved in the development and education of their children. Yet neither are all parents good teachers nor are those good parents the best teachers. First of all, not all parents are good teachers. As normal individuals, some parents more or less have bad habits. Even though parents almost instinctively devote themselves to cultivating their offspring, the outcome might turn out to be disappointment, for all children tend to unconsciously or subconsciously copy every thing from their parents. Another deficiency of parents as teachers is the fact that most parents are lack of common senses of education. All too often we observe some parents tend to pursue their cherished but failed dream by forcing their children to develop in a prearranged direction. Ironically, if their children did not follow the instructions, the children would be regarded as disobedient or allegedly rebellious. In fact, it is parents rather than their children that virtually disobey common senses. Moreover, some parents are qualified as good teachers, but not all of them are the best ones. When children are in the preliminary school, it is not surprising that parents are capable of teaching their children almost every subject even better than professional teachers in the school. But the situation will not last long. We live in a world where knowledge is accumulated by multiplying and at the same time becomes more and more specialized. Therefore, to be a professional in a certain field today takes much longer time than ever before. No parent is able to be professional in all fields, though they might be experts in one or more fields. Wise parents often release rather than charge their children as early as possible. They are aware of the possibility outside the family. Parents may, nevertheless, help their children much more than do good teachers. Most parts of children education are virtually beyond teachers' reaches. It is parents that supplement. Psychology studies have shown us that parents' love sometimes has astonishingly magic power to their children. Albert Einstein's mother and Forest Gump's mother are both good examples. On the other hand, parents might do their children harm more than do bad teachers as well. The natures of those children whose parents have divorced are often severely distorted. In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that parents are the best teachers. [404 words] 4. It has been said, "Not everything that is learned is contained in books." Compare and contrast knowledge gained from experience with knowledge gained from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why? Both experiences and books are very essential resources, and both of them have relevant merits. Experiences are the most direct resources we ever have. Almost our every basic skill came from experiences, such as walking, articulating, reading even thinking. Without experiences, some natural born abilities even might lose. Studies have shown that a baby who was robbed by animals into forest for 12 years lost his ability to talk in human language. Furthermore, it is generally accepted that each and every skill develops by experiences, and that's why people always say practice makes perfect. Books are valuable when knowledge is beyond the scope of our experiences. Perhaps the most obvious examples are those fluent writers. They write various stories, the scopes of which are far beyond any individual's experiences. Take Joyce Carol Oates for example, her productivity has been prodigious, accumulating in less than two decades to nearly thirty titles, including novels, collections of short stories and verse, plays and literary criticism. Although some of them appear to come from her own direct observations, her dreams, and her fears, much more is clearly from the experiences of others. Her fictive world remains strikingly akin to that real one reflected in the daily newspapers, the television news and talk shows, and the popular magazines of our day. Yet either experiences or books may give us wrong information. Our direct observations always are subject to our beliefs, hopes, fears, expectations, and our bias, which might make observations unreliable. People vary in their powers of observation, and the reliability of our observations is no better than the reliability of our memories, which as we know can be deceptive. Information printed in papers sometimes is unreliable either, it may be misprinted, or even deliberately distorted. For example, Definitions such as Marxism, Capitalism, Zionism are totally different in the Oxford Learner's Dictionary of Current English between the original edition and the sanctioned Russian edition. 1
考博英语作文实用范文：真人秀 考博英语作文实用范文：真人秀 What emerges into our sights is a familiar yet far-reaching picture that there are a wide range of reality shows in front of a middle-aged man who, half lying on the sofa, is swinging a remote device in his hand with a confused face, wondering which one is the best to choose. The meaning revealed by the picture is that reality shows have hit into our common cultural market. On the one hand, not only does this sort of consumer culture drives the improvement of cultural industry, but also it exerts a strong influence on our daily life, such as being informed of local customs and folklore from place to place, relieving the pressure derived from our working class’regular work and so on. On the other hand, it is the wide spread of this form of entertainment that makes it difficult to present the real, cultural contents but only stays in the half-hearted nature. What’s worse, what the increasing imitative behaviors brings about, to a new high, is the national over-consumption. As for me, the type of reality shows is a special product of the economic and social development that produces more benefits but less adverse impact. However, it is imperative for us, common people, to take a rational yet responsible attitude to the life we lead, especially the kind of activity we are obsessed with.
考博英语作文范文【三篇】 导读：本文考博英语作文范文【三篇】，仅供参考，如果觉得很不错，欢迎点评和分享。 【第一篇：直面困难】任何事业，大至国家事业，小至个人生活，要有所成，必然面对各类困难，这时候，良好的面对困难的品质以及解决困难的方法论方面的问题： 坚持/毅力persistence，乐观being optimistic/positive 团结合作cooperation and teamwork 踏实肯干hardworking 创新意识和好奇心innovation and curiosity 学习意识learning 保持学习习惯(keep the habit of reading and learning 行动实践能力(the ability of action and practice “一屋不扫、何以扫天下” If you cant do great things, do small things in a great way Each person whether rich or poor has his own difficulties, because life is not always full of smiles and flowers. So it is very important to have a correct attitude to face up the difficulties. Different people have different views on it. Some people just want to evade and they haven’t tried their best, so they can’t achieve success in the end. But some people believe
高考英语复习备考方案 我们高三年级即将进入了第一轮复习。那么究竟应该怎样充分利用时间,高效地完成复习任务,全面梳理知识点呢?下面我针对本年级学情,谈谈我的复习备考方案以及实施的效果和其间出现的问题。 一.学情分析 根据学生的反映以及几次考试的情况分析,当前学生所面临的问题如下: 1.多选题失分多,说明词汇掌握不牢不准,同时也有读不懂句子意思的因素。 2.文章读不动,说明词汇量不够,阅读理解能力差。 3.完成句子得分低,说明句法意识欠缺。 4.答题时间不够,说明缺乏训练。 二.复习方案 这一阶段是单元同步复习阶段,也就是以教材为本,以考试说明、新课标为指导开展的复习。它是整个高三复习的必要阶段,直接影响着学生是否能够构建系统的知识网络,并完成从知识到能力的顺利迁移。时间较长,内容较细。 1.词汇方面:按模块分单元复习,归纳总结各单元重点词汇,短语及句型。在 单元复习的同时注重整个高中相关知识的链接。力求做到由点到面,由浅入深,循序渐进,把原来分散在各单元中的词汇、知识点加以梳理、归纳,构筑完整的中学英语知识体系;再以题型为线索,掌握答题方法和技巧,完成由知识记忆向能力运用的成功过渡,为语言运用能力的形成和提升打好词汇基础。以复习材料《高考365》为基础,适当增加相关内容。 2.语法方面:穿插分类进行语法复习。先句法后词法。首先让学生掌握英语的 基本句子结构,对英语语法学习的系统有一个初步的了解。然后再根据每单元的语法要求系统的复习每一个语法项目,使学生对于英语语法学习能够形成自己的知识体系。以复习材料《高考365》为基础,根据高考以学生的实际掌握情况,做出适当的删减。 3. 在掌握基础词汇和语法的同时,穿插写作和阅读方面的练习,写作训练从简 单句开始,到并列句、复合句,到措辞技巧,再到段落、篇章循序渐进地进行。 4. 在对课本基础知识进行复习的基础上,利用周练和月考的机会,对已复习过 的知识进行检测,及时查漏补缺,巩固和提高。并每个单元的重点词汇及短语进行考查。 三.复习效果及存在的问题 通过高二期末的复习,一部分同学找到了感觉,尤其是完成句子,正在逐步形成句法观,词汇也得到了一定程度的巩固,部分同学对英语学习有了信心。但问题也很突出: 1. 复习速度慢,课拉不动。一个早自习复习一个单元的词汇完不成,语言点、 句型最少两节课,课时训练一节课,两单元一次测试,评讲两节课,一周充其量能复习完两个单元。 2. 该记的内容记得慢,忘得快,复习的效率不高。好不容易复习完一个项目, 前面的又忘了。
2013年上海高考考试手册-英语卷 一、考试性质和对象 上海市英语科高考是为髙校招生而进行的选拔考试。它的指导思想是有助于髙等学校选拔新生，有助于中学实施素质教育和对学生语言综合运用能力的培养。 考试对象为2013年考生。 二、考试目标 英语科高考旨在测试考生的英语基础知识和运用语言的能力。其中，着重语言运用能力的考核。 英语基础知识包括语音、语法、词汇和语言功能。 语言运用能力指获取、理解信息的能力（听、读），按情景或要求表达思想、传递信息的能力（写）。 语言基础知识和听、读、写的具体测试目标为： 语言基础知识 主要测试考生对语言基础知识的掌握和运用能力，具体目标为： 1.能在具体语境中正确识别和理解不同语音、语调所表达的意义。 2.能在具体语境中正确识别、理解和运用语法知识。 3.能在具体语境中正确理解和运用词汇。 4.能在具体语境中正确理解和运用语言功能。 听 主要测试考生理解口头英语并完成相关任务的能力，具体目标为： 1.能获取话语中的事实信息； 2.能根据事实信息进行简单的推断； 3.能理解话语中隐含的意思； 4.能归纳话语的主旨大意。. 阅读 主要测试考生理解书面英语并完成相关任务的能力，具体目标为： 1.能理解文章的基本内容； 2.能根据上下文正确理解词语和句子； 3.能归纳段落或文章的主旨大意； 4.能推测文章中的隐含意思； 5.能运用阅读技能完成不同文体的阅读任务。 写 主要测试考生的书面表达能力，具体目标为： 1.能运用所学的语言知识译出正确通顺的句子； 2.能根据题意正确、连贯、贴切地进行书面表达。 三、试卷结构 英语科高考釆用笔试的方式进行。笔试试卷结构如下：
考博英语作文通用模板：原因陈述类 此类作文要求考生对社会现象或社会问题实行解释。出题者以某一社会现象、问题或趋势为议论对象，要求考生就其形成的原因实行充分、客观的解释，并从考生自身的视角出发对这个现象(或问题)的前景、后果或影响做出结论性分析或预测。 模板1 Nowadays, we often hear that _______________. This phenomenon is not accidental, and there are social and individual backgrounds. Why cannot _______________. For one thing, ___________. For another, _______________. As an example,_______________ . From that we_______________. As far as I am concerned, I agree that _______________.I think that _______________. 模板2 In the past 30 years China has experienced a surprising increase in _______________ ： It rose from 8 percent in 1978 to 25 percent in 2008. The statistics look quite disturbing and cause people to ask why. The factors for a great rise in X are complex. Some people attribute it to _______________which _______________. And other people place the reason to___________ which_____________. Whatever the causes are, only particular external circumstances have been examined. The factors, actually, are psychological as well as social. Most people______________ . They also ______________.
7. How do movies or television influence people's behavior? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer. 如何将电影或电视影响人们的行为？使用原因和具体的例子来支持你的答案。 The impact that modern mass media such as movies or televisions has had on our daily life, and society in general, is undeniable. No doubt it will become even greater as the scope of mass media continues to grow, and as the relevant technologies become more and more sophisticated, and so fascinating that virtually nobody will be able to escape. Already, it can be seen how western movies are exercising influence on our youth generation: they grow long-hair regardless of their sex, commonly part of which are dyed in gold; they wear jeans in each and every season, usually knees of which are deliberately tattered; boys are fond of earrings or other odd pendants; and girls are keen on Marlboros and weird coarse languages. 在这样的电影或电视现代传媒已经在我们的日常生活产生的影响，和整个社会，是不可否认的。毫无疑问，它将成为甚至作为大众传媒的范围更大的继续增长，随着相关技术越来越先进，因此迷人，几乎没有人能够逃脱。已经，可以看到西方电影如何行使对青少年一代的影响：他们长大长头发，无论其性别，通常，其中一部分黄金染色，他们穿在每一个季节，通常是膝盖的牛仔裤故意褴褛，男孩的耳环吊坠或其他多喜欢和女孩的万宝路，怪诞的粗语言激烈。 The major means that mass media influence the public is by creating topics of discussion in the society. Mass media offers people (the consumers) issues to talk and think about. Titanic had brought a worldwide uproar by its extolling and of fascinating immortal love; Prime Color and Wag the dog met the national debate on right and duty of the president of the United States. Antiwar movies such as Tears of the Sun and All Quiet On The Western Front among numerous others have been raising the question that is any war really to uphold justice or is it really worthy that an individual makes sacrifices to his country and at the same time ignores his own family or his personal values? 大众媒体的公众影响力的主要手段，是创造了社会讨论的议题。大众媒体提供人（消费者）问题讨论和思考。泰坦尼克号带来了其迷人的赞美和不朽的爱全世界一片哗然，总理颜色和摇尾狗符合有关的权利和对美国总统职责的全国性辩论。如太阳泪和其他许多在西线无战事反战电影已经提出的问题是任何战争的真正的正义，还是很值得，个人作出的牺牲，他的国家，同时忽略他的家人或他的个人价值？ Mass media also shapes our understanding of what is important and what is not important (to know). The "important" issues are to be found on the first pages of the newspaper (/in the beginning of a television program). The "not important" stories are the ones that are not being told at all. The "not very important" stories are probably very short and hidden in the last pages. In fact censorships present all mass media including its distributing means such as the Internet. By prearranging public issue, the mass media makes decisions for us. Even though there are critical thinking individuals in any society, they are definite minority; the public in whole in deed lack skills of critical thinking, and therefore they are often led by the media. 大众媒体也影响我们对什么是重要的理解，什么是不重要的（知道）。“重要”的问题，必须对报纸的（/在一个电视节目的开始）第一页找到。“不重大”的故事是那些不被告知所有的。在“不太重要”的故事可能很短，在过去的页面隐藏。事实上，目前包括censorships分发
考博英语作文常用短语100个 1.经济的快速发展 the rapiddevelopment of economy 2.人民生活水平的显著提高/稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people's livingstandard 3.先进的科学技术advanced science and technology 4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges 5.人们普遍认为It is commonly believed/ recognized that… 6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development 7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention 8.不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that… 9.热烈的讨论/争论 a heated discussion/ debate 10.有争议性的问题 a controversialissue 11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument 12.一些人…而另外一些人… Some people… while others… 13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally, 14.就…达到绝对的一致 rea ch an absolute consensus on… 15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons 16.双方的论点 argument on both sides 17.发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in… 18.对…必不可少be indispensableto … 19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes: 20.…也不例外…be no exceptio 21.对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on…
高考英语考前指导 一、现阶段英语复习最应该注意哪些方面 主持人：各位网友大家好，欢迎来到网易高考聊天室参加网易教育频道和中学生报合作举办的高考名师面对面系列活动。今天我们非常荣幸地邀请到广州广雅中学的英语老师唐立新老师，就高考英语冲刺等问题指导考生学习。 主持人：唐老师，首先请您跟网友打声招呼吧！ 唐立新：Good evening everybody! 主持人：首先请唐老师谈谈现阶段英语复习最应该注意哪些方面。 唐立新：目前，离高考还剩下这么短的时间情况下，无论学习程度怎么样，学习好还是差，考得好还是靠得砸了，都面对短时间高效的复习。根据历年高考备考的经验来看，在这个时候，绝对不能埋头作题。不能停留在题海里面，短期内最好的办法， 如果有的同学积累了错题集的，这段时间就是研究曾经错的题，就解决了这部分的问题，如果做题海也就是暴露部分的问题，这样花费的时间比较长一点，如果平时没有积累错题集的同学，也要注意一个问题。作题的时候要有选择的做，不要拼命的做语法上的题，这样时间花费得太多，效果不好。 先说中等左右的同学，这段时期应该在不同的题星上考虑拿高分，还有作文的问题，所以要研究下短期内提高得分率。对于一些程度比较差的同学，在临近高考的时间内，不要慌张，不要想单词很多的不会怎么办，一天到晚背单词也是不行的，现阶段最关键的是将基础的内容再过一遍，越是基础的越容易被大家忽略。 成绩好的同学要调整自己的心态，这也是很关键的，调整心态，对所有参加高考的同学都很重要，在这个问题上，我想关键是状态，我们平常埋头作题，不考虑策略，现在就要考虑策略，我说的策略就是一种状态，我不能我一天全部搞英语，明天和后天就将英语放在一边，这样是不行的。 每天保持一种作题的状态，每一种题每天都要接触，不能今天做语法，明天背单词，要综合的每天保持一种题型的感觉，就象高考的感觉。 我们的一模、二模的时候我们暴露出来的问题，也是在后一段时间努力改进和提高的，就是查漏补缺，避免和少犯重复的错误，刚才提的错题集，这里过一次，就避免高考的时候重返错误的，这就是进步。 我强调的另外一点就是做比自己水平高的题，平常做100道题有90道对了，我认为是浪费时间，因为题型比较简单，做难的题目，100道错80道，就暴露了问题，也不要太钻牛角尖，从今天开始，到高考的时间，我们要倒过来，要做比自己水平低的题目，就是容易的题目，就是给自己好的心态，以前错了不怕，如果现在老是错，心态就会不舒服，要给自己一个好的感觉，感觉进步了，我做了100道题，只错了2个，五篇阅读基本上都对了，这就可以调整心态，我认为大家要注意这几个问题。 还有一个就是心理的问题，始终给自己一个好的暗示，就是我行，相信高考一定会考得比一模、二模要好。所以很多的老师说，你们的一模跟高考一样，我认为这样的说法是非常错误的，例如广州的一模和高考相比，我认为比高考难度大。但是个体情况要因人而异，很多的同学在一模的时候考得非常好，所以就太相信自己考得很好，反而高考时可能会一塌糊涂，所以一模和二模考试不要影响，考得好不要忽视，考得不好，要调整心态，高考的时候，肯定会有所提高。 二、如何在一个月内快速提升词汇量？ 主持人：刚才唐老师总结了现阶段复习最主要的几个方面：查漏补缺，做错题集，还要调整自己的心态。有很多的同学都反应英语单词特别的难记，如何在一个月内快速的提升单词的
英语范文35篇 根据教育部1992年颁布的《研究生英语教学大纲》（以下简称大纲《大纲》 的要求：“非英语专业博士研究生英语入学水平原则上应达到或高于硕士生的通过水平。”《大纲》中对硕士生的写作要求是“掌握基本写作技能（如文章结构、段落展开和起承转合等），能按具体要求，在一小时内写出250词左右的短文，正确表达思想，语意连贯，无重大语言错误。” 第一部分写作文的要求，评分标准及考试中普遍存在的问题 一考试要求 1．文章内容切题。审题准确,不跑题。 2．表达清楚。语言简洁、准确、说理清楚,读者能从作文内容清楚理解作者写作意图。 3．意义连贯。文字连贯、层次分明、意义表达完整。要使文章意义连贯必须具有一 定的技能，包括较强的语感，遣词造句能力和文章谋篇布局的组织能力； 4．语言规范。符合英语表达的习惯、语法错误较少、语言基本功扎实，最终避免中式英语。 二作文的评分标准及样卷介绍 14 分: 内容符合要求, 包括了标题或提纲中的全部内容;语言流畅;层次分明,句式有 变化。词汇丰富,句子结构和用词准确,文章长度符合要求。 11分：内容符合要求，包括了标题或提纲中的全部内容；文字连贯，句式有一定变化，句子结构和用词无重大错误，文章长度符合要求。 8分：内容符合要求，包括了标题或提纲中多数内容；基本清楚表达的主题的内涵； 句子结构和用词有少量错误，个别是大错。文章长度符合要求。 5 分：内容基本切题，基本表达了标题或提纲中的内容；文字连贯，语言可以理解， 但有较多的结构和用词错误，且大错较多。文章长度基本符合要求。 2 分：基本切题，但语句支离破碎，只有少数句子可以理解。 0 分：文不切题。只将预先背诵的某篇文章默写下来，或语句混乱，无法理解。 附：14 分样卷 Topic：With her entry into WTO, China is being plunged into an international competition for talents, and in particular, for higher- level talents. To face this new challenge, China must do something, among other things, to reform her graduate(postgraduate) education system. State your opinion aobut this reform, and give the solid supporting details to your viewpoint. With China’s entry into WTO, she is facing a lot of chances and challenges in many aspects. As far as talents are concerned, China is being plunged into an international competition for talents, especially for higher-level talents. In order to adapt this new challenge, China must do something, among other things, to reform her graduate education system.
2017年高考英语备考总结 教学一部英语组苏丽梅 上个学年在我们高三英语备课组七位老师齐心协力、团结协作下，顺利完成了高三英语学科的教育教学任务。高考结束后，在认真研究了高考试题且对这一年的工作做了全面的反思后，现将我们在这一学年备考复习中的得与失总结如下： 一、回顾备考工作 第一轮复习阶段：——复习教材，点点过关。 这一轮复习重点以知识梳理为主，夯实基础。主要是回归课本，回归课本要 体现“全、透、深”。全——就是要通过对高中阶段每册每个单元的重点内容，从单词、词组、句型、语法、话题等方面进行归纳、总结，记住课标中 要求掌握的内容。透——就是通过对以前所学知识的复习，激活学生对所学 知识的再现，让他们更进一步理解和运用。深——就是在复习中补充有一定 难度的练习，供学生独立完成，并根据学生完成练习的情况进行分析和讲评，从而使学生运用语言的能力进一步得到提高。 第二轮复习——专项训练，模块复习。 在第一轮复习的基础上，针对高考题型进行强化训练，提高对各种题型的解 题能力。结合高考题型，对阅读理解、七选五、完形填空、语法填空、改错、书面表达等进行专项训练，并把重点放在学法指导，答题技巧的点拨上，引 导学生了解、熟悉各个题型的特点，强化分类练习。 第三轮复习——模拟训练，综合过关。 在第一、二轮复习的基础上进行综合训练，以学生为主对复习的知识重 新整理，查漏补缺，通过精心设计挑选的模拟试题，彻底清除学生的模糊意识，强化考点，让学生互相开口讨论加深印象。这一阶段是高考前的热身训练、实战学习阶段。运用一些模拟题，模拟时间、考场要求、答题方式等， 对学生进行应试技巧训练，培养学生的临场发挥能力和应变能力。 二、备考工作中的得与失 1.好的方面
考博英语大多数院校考命题式的议论文，不论考哪种题型，考博写作要求写的字数量、信息点的覆盖、内容的组织、语言的运用上难度均大于考研和CET6。因此，备考考博英语作文初期考前背模板、背范文还是有很大帮助的。下面是整理的2020考博英语作文实用范文三篇，一起看看吧。 【篇一】2020考博英语作文实用范文 Protecting the Intangible Cultural Heritages Like tangible cultural heritages such as the Great Wall and the Forbidden City, intangible cultural heritages like Peking Opera and Confucius- commemorating rituals are equally crucial. We should make our utmost efforts to preserve intangible heritages because, without heir physical form of existence, they are in greater risk of extinction. 如同长城、故宫之类的物质文化遗产一样，像京剧和祭孔仪式这类非物质文化遗产，也同样至关重要。 我们应不遗余力地去保护非物质遗产，因为它们在不具备物质存在的条件下，失传的可能性更加岌岌可危。 According to UNESCO's Convention for the Safeguarding of Intangible Cultural Heritage (2003), all forms of social customs and habits, folklore, performing arts, rituals, oral traditions, festivals, traditional crafts and various knowledge and practices about nature and universe can be classified as intangible cultural heritages. As a country consisting of a great diversity of ethnic groups and with time-honored history and civilization, China abounds in intangible cultural heritages. Cultural heritages connect modern people with the historical past, allowing them to acquire a cultural and historical identity. Without cultural heritages, we would be rendered absolutely rootless and we would find it hard to cope with challenges at present and in the future. 按照联合国教科文组织2003年通过的《保护非物质文化遗产公约》的界定，各种社会习俗、民俗、 表演艺术、仪式、口头传统、节庆、传统手工艺、以及有关自然界与宇宙的知识与实践，全都可被纳入到非物质文化遗产的范畴。作为一个由众多族群构成的国家，并拥有悠久的历史与文明，中国有着极为丰富的非物质文化遗产。文化遗产将现代人与遥远的历史连接起来，使人们拥有某种文化和历史的认同感。如果没有文化遗产，我们的"根"便荡然无存。我们也无法去应对当下及未来的挑战。 However, the modernization process poses mounting threats to intangible heritages. Many people have a blind faith in the latest