上外考研翻译学翻译综合2017年硕士入学考试真题回忆版

[hide][/hide]1991年上外研究生翻译考试真题Translate the following passage into Chinese.（25%）Thus far, our holiday has been simply a friendly sign of the survival of the love of letters amongst a people too busy to give to letters any more. As such it is precious as the sign of an indestructible instinct. Perhaps thetime is already come when it ought to be, and will be, something else; when the sluggard intellect of this continent will look from under its iron lids and fill the postponed expectation of the world with something better than the exertions of mechanical skill. Our day of dependence, our long apprenticeship to the learning of other lands, draws to a close. The millions that around us are rushing into life, cannot always be fed on the mere remains of foreign harvests. Events, actions arise, that must be sung, that will sing themselves. Who can doubt that poetry will revive lead in a new age, as the star in the constellation Harp, which now flames in our zenith, astronomers announce, shall one day be the polestar for a thousand years?(Excerpted from The American Scholar by R.W. Emerson)II.Translate the following passage into English.（25%）海风微微的吹过岛上，白日里剩下的热气全吹走了。

上海外国语大学考研翻硕MTI2015年真题回忆版分享第一部分：英语基础一、Filling following blanks with a word.Nicholas Kristof is a New York Times columnist.©2014/the new york timesAmerican Dream is Leaving AmericaThe best escalator to opportunity in the US is education. But a new study underscores that the escalator is broken.We expect each generation to do better, but, currently, more young American men have less education (29%) than their parents than have more education (20%).Among young Americans whose parents didn’t gr aduate from high school, only 5% make it through college themselves. In other rich countries, the figure is 23%.The US is devoting billions of dollars to compete with Russia militarily, but maybe we should try to compete educationally. Russia now has the largest percentage of adults with a university education of any industrialized country—a position once held by the US, although we’re plunging in that roster.These figures come from the annual survey of education from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, or OECD,and it should be a shock to Americans. A basic element of the American dream is equal access to education as the lubricant of social and economic mobility. But the American dream seems to have emigrated because many countries do better than the US in educational mobility, according to the OECD study.As recently as 2000, the US still ranked second in the share of the population with a college degree. Now we have dropped to fifth. Among 25-to-34-year-olds—a glimpse of how we will rank in the future—we rank 12th, while once-impoverished South Korea tops the list.A new Pew survey finds that Americans consider the greatest threat to our country to be the growing gap between the rich and poor. Yet we have constructed an education system, dependent on local property taxes, that provides great schools for the rich kids in the suburbs who need the least help, and broken, dangerous schools for inner-city children who desperately need a helping hand.Too often, the US’s education sy stem amplifies not opportunity but inequality. My dad was a World War II refugee who fled Ukraine and Romania and eventually made his way to France. He spoke perfect French, and Paris would have been a natural place to settle. But he felt that France was stratified and would offer little opportunity to a penniless Eastern European refugee, or even to his children a generation later, so he set out for the US. He didn’t speak English, but, on arrival in 1951, hebought a copy of the Sunday edition of The New York Times and began to teach himself—and then he worked his way through Reed College and the University of Chicago, earning a PhD and becoming a university professor.He rode the American dream to success; so did his only child. But while he was right in 1951 to bet on opportunity in the US rather than Europe, these days he would perhaps be wrong. Researchers find economic and educational mobility are now greater in Europe than in the US.That’s particularly sad because, as my Times colleague Eduardo Port er noted last month, egalitarian education used to be the US’s strong suit. European countries excelled at first-rate education for the elites, but the US led the way in mass education.By the mid-1800s, most American states provided a free elementary education to the great majority of white children. In contrast, as late as 1870, only 2% of British 14-year-olds were in school.Then the US was the first major country, in the 1930s, in which a majority of children attended high school. By contrast, as late as 1957, only 9% of 17-year-olds in Britain were in school.Until the 1970s, we were pre-eminent in mass education, and Claudia Goldin and Lawrence Katz of Harvard University argue powerfully that this was the secret to the US’s economic rise. Then we blew it, and the latest OECD report underscores how the rest of the world is eclipsing us.In effect, the US has become 19th-century Britain: We provide superb education for elites, but we falter at mass education.In particular, we fail at early education. Across the OECD, an average of 70% of 3-year-olds are enrolled in education programmes. In the US, it’s 38%.In some quarters, there’s a perception that American teachers are lazy. But the OECD report indicates that American teachers work far longer hours than their counterparts abroad. Yet American teachers earn 68% as much as the average American college-educated worker, while the OECD average is 88%.Fixing the education system is the civil rights challenge of our era. A starting point is to embrace an ethos that was born in the US but is now an expatriate: that we owe all children a fair start in life in the form of access to an education escalator.Let’s fix the escalator.二、Answer following questions1、Why did the author’s father leave for America?2、What is educational mobility like in Europe?3、According to Claudia Goldin, what is the secret to the US’s economic rise?4、What is the 19th-century Britain education like?5、According to the author, how to fix the problem of American educationsystem?三、WritingWrite a response essay:Would we be better off without religion?Write in the format why or why not第二部分：英语翻译基础一、write a description of future city based on the following passage.As much as the Internet has already changed the world, it is the Web’s next phase that will bring the biggest opportunities, revolutionizing the way we live, work, play, and learn.That next phase, which some call the Internet of Things and which we call the Internet of Everything, is the intelligent connection of people, processes, data, and things. Although it once seemed like a far-off idea, it is becoming a reality for businesses, governments, and academic institutions worldwide. Today, half the world’s population has access to the Internet; by 2020, two-thirds will be connected. Likewise, some 13.5 billion devices are connected to the Internet today; by 2020, we expect that number to climb to 50 billion. The things that are—and will be—conne cted aren’t just traditional devices, such as computers, tablets, and phones, but also parking spaces and alarm clocks, railroad tracks, street lights, garbage cans, and components of jet engines.All of these connections are already generating massive amounts ofdigital data—and it doubles every two years. New tools will collect and share that data (some 15,000 applications are developed each week!) and, with analytics, that can be turned into information, intelligence, and even wisdom, enabling everyone to make better decisions, be more productive, and have more enriching experiences.And the value that it will bring will be epic. In fact, the Internet of Everything has the potential to create $19 trillion in value over the next decade. For the global private sector, this equates to a 21 percent potential aggregate increase in corporate profits—or $14.4 trillion. The global public sector will benefit as well, using the Internet of Everything as a vehicle for the digitization of cities and countries. This will improve efficiency and cut costs, resulting in as much as $4.6 trillion of total value. Beyond that, it will help (and already is helping) address some of the world’s most vexing challenges: aging and growing populations rapidly moving to urban centers; growing demand for increasingly limited natural resources; and massive rebalancing in economic growth between briskly growing emerging market countries and slowing developed countries. PHYSICAL LIMITSMore than half of the world’s population now lives i n or near a major urban area, and the move toward ever-greater urbanization shows no signs of slowing. According to the United Nations, the global population is expected to grow from seven billion today to 9.3 billion by 2050, andthe world’s cities will h ave to accommodate about 70 percent more residents.The traditional ways of dealing with the influx—simply adding more physical infrastructure—won’t work, given limited resources and space. New ways of incorporating technology will be required to provide urban services, whether it’s roads, water, electricity, gas, work spaces, schools, or healthcare. In the future, there will be less emphasis on physical connections and more on access to virtual connections.Cities also face budgetary challenges, battling rising costs and shrinking resources. The world’s cities account for 70 percent of greenhouse-gas emissions, and according to UN-HABITAT, energy-related costs are one of the biggest municipal budget items. Technology could provide a simple fix just by updating aging street lighting systems. That would also improve citizen safety and create a more favorable environment for business investments.There are similar issues in many of the world’s water systems, with aging pipes in desperate need of replacing. For instance, the United States’ water infrastructure is near the end of its lifecycle with approximately 240,000 water main breaks each year. The cost of fixing this crumbling infrastructure could exceed $1 trillion over the next 25 years, assuming that all pipes are replaced. By placing networked sensors in water mains and underground pipe systems as they are repaired and replaced, citiescould more effectively monitor and better anticipate future leaks and other potential problems as the infrastructure is upgraded.More people also means more waste. The amount of municipal solid waste generated around the world is expected to reach 2.2 billion tons by 2025—up from 1.3 billion in 2012. Globally, solid waste management costs will rise to about$375.5 billion by 2025, according to predictions by the World Bank. Once again, the Internet of Everything offers ways to better manage and reduce these costs. For example, sensors in residential and commercial garbage containers could alert a city waste management system when they are full. Each morning, the drivers would receive their optimized route to empty the full containers. Compared to today’s fixed-route system, the new system could save millions of dollars by increasing efficiencies and worker productivity.The intelligent and efficient stewardship of growing cities must take top priority. And there, we are convinced that the Internet of Everything will bring one of the most significant technology transitions since the birth of the Internet. Connections between things and people, supported by networked processes, will enable everyone to turn data into actionable information that can be used to do things that weren’t possible before, or to do them better. We can more quickly discover patterns and trends; we can predict and prepare for anything from bus or assembly line breakdowns to natural disasters and quick surges in product demand.PUBLIC GOODPerhaps surprisingly, the public sector has been the most effective and innovative early adopter when it comes to making use of the Internet of Everything, especially in major metropolitan areas. New and innovative solutions are already transforming green fields and rundown urban centers into what we call Smart + Connected Communities, or Smart Cities. According to IHS Technology, the total number of Smart Cities will quadruple from 21 to 88 between 2013 and 2025. At Cisco, we are engaged with more than 100 cities in different stages of Smart City development.By definition, Smart Cities are those that integrate information communications technology across three or more functional areas. More simply put, a Smart City is one that combines traditional infrastructure (roads, buildings, and so on) with technology to enrich the lives of its citizens. Creative platforms and killer apps have helped reduce traffic, parking congestion, pollution, energy consumption, and crime. They have also generated revenue and reduced costs for city residents and visitors. For instance, one-third of the world’s streetlights use technology from the 1960s. Cities that update aging systems with networked motion-detection lights save administrative and management time as well as electricity and costs—as much as 70–80 percent, according to an independent, global trial of LED technology. By using such energy-saving technologies, citiescan drastically lower their municipal expenditures on electricity. Cisco estimates that smart street lighting initiatives can also reduce area crime by seven percentbecause of better visibility and more content citizenry. Further, connected light poles can serve as wireless networking access points, enabling citizens and city managers to take advantage of pervasive connectivity. And networked sensors incorporated into utility lines could help reduce costs for both consumers and providers, with meters being ―read‖ remotely, and much more accurately. Cities such as Nice, France are already implementing smart lighting, which monitors lamp intensity and traffic sensors to reduce car theft, assaults, and even home burglary. These light ing initiatives are also expected to reduce the city’s energy bill by more than $8 million.Smart Cities are also saving energy indoors. Buildings outfitted with intelligent sensors and networked management systems can collect and analyze energy-use data. Such technologies have the potential to reduce energy consumption and cut costs by $100 billion globally over the next decade.Thanks to higher traffic, cities generate more than 67 percent of greenhouse gases released into our atmosphere. Experts predict that this figure will rise to 74 percent by 2030. In the United States alone, traffic congestion costs $121 billion a year in wasted time and fuel. Incredibly, drivers looking for a parking space cause 30 percent of urban congestion,not to mention pollution. To overcome this problem, the city of San Carlos, California has embedded networked sensors into parking spaces that relay to drivers real-time information about—and directions to—available spots. This program has helped reduce congestion, pollution, and fuel consumption. Moreover, parking fees can be dynamically adjusted for peak times, which generates more revenue for cities.Cities can also integrate sensors that collect and share real-time data about public transportation systems to improve traffic flow and better monitor the use of buses and trains, giving them the ability to adjust route times and frequency of stops based on changing needs. This alone will cut costs and bring new efficiencies. Mobile apps that aggregate the information, meanwhile, can help citizens track delays or check pick-up times for a more seamless commute. Barcelona, Spain has already changed the typical experience of waiting for a bus by deploying smart bus stops, where citizens can use touchscreen monitors to view up-to-date bus schedules, maps, locations for borrowing city-owned bikes, and local businesses and entertainment.Innovative municipal leaders understand the Internet of Everything’s incredible promise. In fact, these days, the most innovative cities have their own chief information officers or even chief digital officers.二、Write a summary of the following passage in English.树立高度的文化自信，讲好中国故事博大精深的传统文化、丰富多彩的民族文化、独具特色的红色文化、充满生机的当代文化——中华民族创造的文化,是我们引以为豪的软实力,也是我们文化自信的底气所在。

上海外国语大学翻译硕士考研真题解析上海外国语大学（回忆+原题）翻译硕士英语题型，无选项，无首字母完型，关于人类学的；超长阅读一篇，十分长非常长，4个回答问题吧；写作一篇，关于一句人生哲言的。

一篇cloze一篇阅读还有一篇作文cloze的那篇文章题目是Into Africa--human ancestors from Asia文章不长有15个空，但没有任何选项供选择，文章大概讲的是：人们一直认为非洲是人类祖先的发源地，但是近期考古学家发现的化石研究发现人类的组先很可能是从亚洲而来。

具体的填空不是很难，如果看懂文章的话。

无首字母，15空，2分一个，讲得大概是人类祖先并非起源于非洲，而是可能从亚洲迁移而来的.EvolutionInto Africa–the human ancestors from AsiaThe human family tree may not have taken root in Africa after all, claimscientists,after finding that its ancestors may have travelled fromAsia.By Richard Alleyne,Science Correspondent7:00PM BST27Oct2010While it is widelyaccepted that man evolved in Africa,in fact its immediate predecessors mayhave1colonised thecontinent after developing elsewhere,the study says.The claims are madeafter a team2unearthedthe fossils of anthropoids–the primate group that includes humans,apes andmonkeys–in Libya's Dur At-Talah.Paleontologistsfound that3amongstthe39million year old fossils there were three distinct families ofanthropoid primates,all of whom lived in the4area at approximately the same time.Few or anyanthropoids are known to have existed in Africa during this 5period,known as theEocene epoch.This could eithersuggest a huge gap in Africa's fossil record–6unlikely, say the scientists,given the amount ofarchaeological work undertaken in the area–7or that the species"colonised"Africafrom another continent at this time.As the evolutioninto three species would have8taken extreme lengths of time,combined with the lack of fossilrecords in Africa,the team concludes that Asia was the most likely9origin.Writing in thejournal Nature,the experts said they believed migration from Asia to be themost10plausibletheory.Christopher Beard,of the Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh, said:"11If our ideas are correct,this early colonisation of Africa by anthropoids was a truly12pivotal event—one ofthe key points in our evolutionary history."At the time,Africa was an island continent;when these13anthropoids appeared,there was nothing on thatisland that could compete with them. "It led to aperiod of flourishing evolutionary divergence amongstanthropoids,and one ofthose lineages14resultedin humans."If our earlyanthropoid ancestors had not succeeded in migrating from Asia to Africa,wesimply15wouldn'texist."He added:"This extraordinary new fossil site in Libya shows us that in the middleEocene,39million years ago,there was a surprising diversity of anthropoidsliving in Africa,whereas few if any anthropoids are known from Africa beforethis time."This suddenappearance of such diversity suggests that these anthropoids probably colonisedAfrica from somewhere else."Withoutearlier fossil evidence in Africa,we're currently looking to Asia as the placewhere these animals first evolved."阅读。

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Fs3ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ复试保录 20 √ √
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育明教育中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌
三、名词解释（10 个，每个 3 分） 1、延安文艺座谈会 2、文学研究会 3、屈宋 4、赋比兴（命中，育明教育第三套模拟题原题押中） 5、连绵词 6、三纲五常 7、和平共处五项原则 8、20 国集团（命中，育明教育第二套模拟题原题押中） 四、应用文（1 篇，20 分） 一个恒温游泳馆，写一则广告，不少于 500 字。 五、大作文（一篇，50 分） 材料作文，材料是杨绛的《一百岁感言》
育明教育辅导成效： 育明教育，成立于 2006 年，到现在已经有十年的时间，在我们
育明教育，每年都有成功学员积累的一些经验可供各位考生参考。 育明教育整合利用历届育明优秀学员的成功经验与高分资料，为每一 位学员构建考研成功的基础保障。
我们的辅导包括前期的报考指导，中期的核心参考书的讲解、专 题（真题、出题老师论文专著、最新时事）讲解、模拟考（答题技巧 框架、创新点的讲解）。后期还会有教务老师时事根据上课情况，在 我们育明教育，前期咨询师、后期教务与辅导老师三方对您的上课负 责，所以每年我们的通过率一直都是有保证的。如此三效合一的管理 模式，是你成功的保障！
育明教育中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌

2015年12月12017年上海大学考研指导【上海大学】一、问答题(30\')1，写出你熟悉的两位翻译家及其代表翻译理论并做比较分析2，写出你熟悉的两位现代文学翻译家及其代表作，并阐述下各自的翻译理念。

二、汉英互译1、汉译英，今年的上大汉译英尽然没有考政府报告公文类的翻译，考得是文学翻译，虽然上大参考书目有张培基散文选，但之前考察是以政论文为主的，楼主散文只练了几篇，主题围绕“保守文学”和“激进文学”展开，具体内容记不大清楚了，个人认为有难度不好翻，句子比较绕口。

后续找到原文再上传给大家吧。

2、英译汉，英汉翻译比较简单大约七段左右，之前以为翻译时间会很赶，不过还好相对充足。

3、短诗翻译，前几年考过今年又出现了，短小精悍容易理解，主要考察文采押韵，反应原作风格吧。

下面把这两部分的原文附给大家，大家感受一下。

英译中：It was New Year’s Night.An aged man was standing at a window.He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky,where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake.He had already passed sixty and brought from his journey nothing but errors and regrets.Now his health was poor,his mind vacant and his heart sorrowful.The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him,and he recalled the2015年12月2serious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads-one leading to a peaceful,sunny place,covered with flowers,fruits and filled with soft,sweet songs;the other leading to a deep,dark cave,which was endless,where poison flowed instead of water and devils and poisonous snake hissed (发嘶嘶声)and crawled (爬,爬行).He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness.These were the days of his wasted life;he saw a star fall from the sky and disappeared,and this was the symbol of himself.His regret like a sharp arrow struck deeply into his heart.Then he remembered his friends in his childhood.But they had made their way to success and were now honoured and happy on this night.The high church clock struck and the sound made him remember his parents’early love for him.They had taught him and prayed for his good.But he chose the wrong way.With shame and grief he dared no longer look towards that heaven.His darkened eyes were full of tears,and with a despairing effort,he burst out a cry:“Come back,my early days!”His youth did return,for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year Night.He was still young though his faults were real;he had not yet entered the deep,dark cave,and he was still free to walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land.Those who still wander on the entrance of life,hesitating to choose the bright road,remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble2015年12月3(绊脚)on the dark mountains,you will cry bitterly,but in vain（徒劳）:“Oh youth,return!Oh give me back my early days!”诗歌翻译：life(unknown)·Life can be good,·Life can be bad,·Life is mostly cheerful,·But sometimes sad.·Life can be dreams,·Life can be great thoughts;·Life can mean a person,·Sitting in court.·Life can be dirty,·Life can even be painful;·But life is what you make it,·So try to make it beautiful!复试包过请联系育明教育孙老师一、十大解题思路2015年12月41、细节题5个"w"，一个"h"：who、which、when、what、where、how。

上海外国语大学2016年硕士研究生入学考试英汉互译真题回忆版一、英译汉选自伊莎多拉•邓肯的自传My LifeISADORA DUNCAN’S AUTOBIOGRAPHY:CHAPTER ONEThe character of a child is already plain,even in its mother’s womb.Before I was born my mother was in great agony of spirit and in a tragic situation.She could take no food except iced oysters and iced champagne.If people ask me when I began to dance I reply,“In my mother’s womb,probably as a result of the oysters and champagne—the food of Aphrodite.”My mother was going through such a tragic experience at this time that she often said,“This child that will be born will surely not be normal,”and she expected a monster. And in fact from the moment I was born it seemed that I began to agitate my arms and legs in such a fury that my mother cried,“You see I was quite right,the child is a maniac!”But later on,placed in a baby jumper in the center of the table I was the amusement of the entire family and friends,dancing to any music that was played. My first memory is of a fire.I remember being thrown into the arms of a policeman from an upper window.I must have been about two or three years old,but I distinctly remember the comforting feeling,among all the excitement—the screams and the flames—of the security of the policeman and my little arms round his neck.He must have been an Irishman.I hear my mother cry in frenzy,“My boys,my boys,”and see her held back by the crowd from entering the building in which she imagined my two brothers had been left.Afterwards I remember finding the two boys sitting on the floor of a bar-room,putting on their shoes and stockings,and then the inside of a carriage,and then sitting on a counter drinking hot chocolate.I was born by the sea,and I have noticed that all the great events of my life have taken place by the sea.My first idea of movement,of the dance,certainly came from the rhythm of the waves.I was born under the star of Aphrodite,Aphrodite who was also born on the sea,and when her star is in the ascendant,events are always propitious to me.At these epochs life flows lightly and I am able to create.I have also noticed that the disappearance of this star is usually followed by disaster for me.The science of astrology has not perhaps the importance to-day that it had in the time of the ancient Egyptians or of the Chaldeans,but it is certain that our psychic life is under the influence of the planets,and if parents understood this they would study the stars in the creation of more beautiful children.I believe,too,that it must make a great difference to a child’s life whether it is born by the sea or in the mountains.The sea has always drawn me to it,whereas in the mountains I have a vague feeling of discomfort and a desire to fly.They always give me an impression of being a prisoner to the earth.Looking up at their tops,I do not feel the admiration of the general tourist,but only a desire to leap over them and escape.My life and my art were born of the sea.I have to be thankful that when we were young my mother was poor.She could not afford servants or governesses for her children,and it is to this fact that I owe the spontaneous life which I had the opportunity to express as a child and never lost.My mother was a musician and taught music for a living and as she gave her lessons at the houses of her pupils she was away from home all day and for many hours in the evening.When I could escape from the prison of school,I was free.I could wander alone by the sea and follow my own fantasies.How I pity the children I see constantly attended by nurses and governesses,constantly protected and taken care of and smartly dressed.What chance of life have they?My mother was too busy to think of any dangers which might befall her children,and therefore my two brothers and I were free to follow our own vagabond impulses,which sometimes led us into adventures which,had our mother known of them,would have driven her wild with anxiety.Fortunately she was blissfully unconscious.I say fortunately for me,for it is certainly to this wild untrammeled life of my childhood that I owe the inspiration of the dance I created,which was but the expression of freedom.I was never subjectedto the continual“don’ts”which it seems to me make children’s lives a misery.二、汉译英林语堂的《秋天的况味》秋天的黄昏，一人独坐在沙发上抽烟，看烟头白灰之下露出红光，微微透露出暖气，心头的情绪便跟着那蓝烟缭绕而上，一样的轻松，一样的自由。

2017年上海大学考研指导【上海大学】一、问答题(30\')1，写出你熟悉的两位翻译家及其代表翻译理论并做比较分析2，写出你熟悉的两位现代文学翻译家及其代表作，并阐述下各自的翻译理念。

二、汉英互译1、汉译英，今年的上大汉译英尽然没有考政府报告公文类的翻译，考得是文学翻译，虽然上大参考书目有张培基散文选，但之前考察是以政论文为主的，楼主散文只练了几篇，主题围绕“保守文学”和“激进文学”展开，具体内容记不大清楚了，个人认为有难度不好翻，句子比较绕口。

后续找到原文再上传给大家吧。

2、英译汉，英汉翻译比较简单大约七段左右，之前以为翻译时间会很赶，不过还好相对充足。

3、短诗翻译，前几年考过今年又出现了，短小精悍容易理解，主要考察文采押韵，反应原作风格吧。

下面把这两部分的原文附给大家，大家感受一下。

英译中：It was New Year’s Night.An aged man was standing at a window. He raised his mournful eyes towards the deep blue sky,where the stars were floating like white lilies on the surface of a clear calm lake.He had already passed sixty and brought from his journey nothing but errors and regrets.Now his health was poor,his mind vacant and his heart sorrowful.The days of his youth appeared like dreams before him,and he recalled theserious moment when his father placed him at the entrance of the two roads-one leading to a peaceful,sunny place,covered with flowers,fruits and filled with soft,sweet songs;the other leading to a deep,dark cave, which was endless,where poison flowed instead of water and devils and poisonous snake hissed(发嘶嘶声)and crawled(爬,爬行).He saw the lights flowing away in the darkness.These were the days of his wasted life;he saw a star fall from the sky and disappeared,and this was the symbol of himself.His regret like a sharp arrow struck deeply into his heart.Then he remembered his friends in his childhood.But they had made their way to success and were now honoured and happy on this night. The high church clock struck and the sound made him remember his parents’early love for him.They had taught him and prayed for his good. But he chose the wrong way.With shame and grief he dared no longer look towards that heaven.His darkened eyes were full of tears,and with a despairing effort,he burst out a cry:“Come back,my early days!”His youth did return,for all this was only a dream which he had on New Year Night.He was still young though his faults were real;he had not yet entered the deep,dark cave,and he was still free to walk on the road which leads to the peaceful and sunny land.Those who still wander on the entrance of life,hesitating to choose the bright road,remember that when years are passed and your feet stumble (绊脚)on the dark mountains,you will cry bitterly,but in vain（徒劳）:“Ohyouth,return!Oh give me back my early days!”诗歌翻译：life(unknown)·Life can be good,·Life can be bad,·Life is mostly cheerful,·But sometimes sad.·Life can be dreams,·Life can be great thoughts;·Life can mean a person,·Sitting in court.·Life can be dirty,·Life can even be painful;·But life is what you make it,·So try to make it beautiful!复试包过请联系育明教育孙老师（1）一般而言，每篇阅读理解只讲一个主题，阅读时应通过段落主题句把握中心。

【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官 【专业课原题命中率高达95.8%】【集训营通过率高达98.3%】2016年考研状元集训营抢座进行中。

全国统一咨询热线：400--6998--62613381024307咨询QQ：191402524612016年对外经济贸易大学翻译硕士考研真题，辅导讲义，考研参考书357英语翻译基础第一部分短语翻译加解释七个选五个翻译加解释E-Cbarries to entrycar poolingspecial drawing rightscurrent accountquotaexport credittertiary industryC-E全面二孩灵猫六国跨太平洋伙伴合作协定一带一路首次公开募股国际收支平衡表投资组合理论第二部分E-C世界银行集团的风险管理C-E第一部分三个古文句子翻译1.百川汇海阔风正好扬帆（后半句不大确定了）2.同心合意，庶几有成3.急人之急，雪中送炭，是中国所推崇的处世之道第二部分，篇章翻译是关于RCEP的，貌似是李克强的一个讲话。

211翻译硕士英语单选20题考的基本上都是词义辨析改错10题不是很难阅读四篇第一篇用机器鸟赶鸽子T/F/NG第二篇关于学习英语的（FT中文网原文）四选一第三篇关于Creation的选headings的题目第四篇关于Uber的文章（没记错的话也是FT中文网的文章）选句子填空写作图表作文给了两个图，第一个是FDI的图，第二个China's trade with Georfia（记不清是不是这个国家了）通过这两个图标分析说明中国在这个地区建立自由贸易区的可行性。

百科福之祸所依是谁说的2015诺贝尔文学奖武汉的意义法国西班牙分界线孙思邈写的书获得普利策奖和诺贝尔文学奖的唯一女作家狄更斯的小说晏殊的昨夜西风凋碧树中东地区矛盾冲突的原因二十四节气2017年英语翻译基础书目推荐1、庄绎传，《英汉翻译简明教程》。

上海外国语大学考研翻译学2014年真题回忆版分享第一部分#翻译理论#一、写出下列英文术语的中文意思，并用中文简要解释。

semantic translationconsecutive interpretingtranslation normssense for sense translationreader-oriented translation二、写出下列中文术语的英文翻译，并用英文作简要解释。

译者的操纵脱离语言结构交际翻译实证研究计算机辅助翻译三、论述题，用中文作答。

大意如下：（记得不是很清楚了，大家稍微看看吧）有人主张忠实的翻译应该以直译为主，也有人主张忠实的翻译应该以意译为主。

请你谈谈：这两种翻译策略分别“忠实的部分”是什么？另外，这两种翻译策略适用于哪些类型的文本的翻译？四、论述题，用中文作答。

大意如下：请你简要论述术语库（数据库）的建设对于翻译实践的功能和指导作用？语料库的建设对于翻译理论的研究具有的功能和指导作用？五、论述题，用英文作答。

Do you agree that extrovert people make better interpreters? Why?第二部分 #翻译实践#今年没有考完型，英翻中是全文要翻，后面的中翻英段落也挺多的，整个卷子的翻译量还是很大的。

一、Translate the following passage into Chinese.网址如下：（上外出的题目果然出乎意料，选了japantoday上面的文章。

）/category/opinions/view/making-sen se-of-chinas-meager-typhoon-aidMaking sense of China's meager typhoon aidIan BremmerFaced with a devastating typhoon a mere 700 miles away, Chinese President Xi Jinping this week pledged financial support for the Philippines, as did nearly every other industrialized nation. Australia offered $30 million; the Europeans $11 million; the United Arab Emirates promised $10 million. China offered $100,000.The media backlash was immediate. Within days, an embarrassed Beijing upped its pledge to $1.6 million. That‟s still less than a sixth of the total offered by Japan, China‟s main regional rival. In 2010, China overtook Japan as the second-biggest economy in the world.Faced with a devastating typhoon a mere 700 miles away, Chinese President Xi Jinping this week pledged financial support for the Philippines, as did nearly every other industrialized nation. Australia offered $30 million; the Europeans $11 million; the United Arab Emirates promised $10 million. China offered $100,000.What gives - or doesn‟t give, as the case may be? Why is an economy so big, a government so willing to invest abroad, and a country so eager to win favor in the region stiffing a neighbor in need? Because China is still a new enough power that it has no tradition of shelling out helpings of foreign aid - and because the Philippines is not China‟s favorite country at the moment.And despite its successes, China is actually still a poor country. Its per capita income finally topped $9,000 last year, which ranks China about 90th in the world, depending on the exact measure. Nearly 130 million of its people live on less than $1.80 per day. With a renewed sense of urgency to tackle the country‟s many economic reform c hallenges, China has far too many pressing needs at home to be cutting big checks abroad.At least, that‟s what its less-advantaged populations might well think. In 2008, nearly 70,000 people died in China when an earthquake struck outside the central Chinese city of Chengdu. And this year, nearly 200 died when a quake rattled the country‟s southwest. This is a country that struggles with its own domestic disaster relief.Let‟s remember, too, that the Philippines is a former American colony. There are already hundreds of U.S. troops on the ground helping with the relief effort. There is also the small matter of the South China Sea, which the Chinese, as documented in the New York Times Magazine a few weeks ago, want for themselves. For China, offering huge sums of money to a foreign community - especially one with which China has a beef over maritime borders - is a nonstarter.It‟s easy to think that the typhoon relief effort is an opportunity to break that impasse. But just because that‟s how the U.S. uses f oreign aid - as a tool with which to change public opinion abroad - doesn‟t mean China thinks the same way. It has virtually no infrastructure to push aid abroad - there‟s no equivalent of USAID or American nonprofits like Habitat for Humanity. The mandate of China‟s diplomatic corps is largely determined by the work its state-owned companies do abroad. China courts favor by investing, not giving.A rising China will lead to a radically different international response to crises over time. China says it wants a de-Americanized world, and the U.S. has lately stepped back from its traditionally activist foreign policy. But where will the world turn for disaster relief when a still-poor China has become the world‟s largest economy?After the shooting in Newtown, Connecticut a year ago, a quote from legendary TV kidsshow host Mr. Rogers went viral:“When I was a boy and I would see scary things in the news, my mother would say to me, …Look for the helpers. You will always find people who are helping.‟ To this day, especially in times of …disaster,‟ I remember my mother‟s words, and I am always comforted by realizing that there are still so many helpers - so many caring people in this world.”What happens when the largest economy is a country that doesn‟t want to do the things we expect the largest economy to do?That‟s a problem that extends well beyond typhoons, earthquakes and aid.二、中译英，将划线段落翻译成英文。

翻译硕士考研指导上海外国语大学翻译硕士复试分数线计算方法和录取排名成绩计算方法详解上外翻译硕士的复试资格线不是考生的原始成绩计算的，而是经过公式计算加工的技术分。

初试技术分=专业课1成绩+专业课2成绩+翻硕外语成绩+（四科总分×10%）专业课1和专业课2指的是满分是150的两科。

如：考生喜洋洋的原始成绩：政治70翻硕英语78英语翻译基础120汉语写作与百科知识122那么喜洋洋的技术成绩：120+122+78+（70+78+120+122）×10%=359参考2104年的技术分数线：英语笔译358.8英语口译370.1俄语口译344.1法语口译333.5喜洋洋的这个成绩除了不够口译的分数线外，其他专业的都可以。

喜洋洋考的是英语笔译，所以就愉快的参加复试了。

喜洋洋复试发挥的不错：笔译120，面试120上外录取时的成绩排名方法：初试技术分(满分450分），先折算成满分350分制，在录取中所占比例为53.9%复试成绩（满分300分）在录取中所占比例为46.1%。

所以决定喜洋洋是否被录取的成绩是：(359÷450×350)×53.9%+（120+120）×46.1%=150.5+110.4=260.9有的同学问，为什么要把初试技术分折算成350分制呢，因为上外有的专业的初试技术分满分不是450分，而是350分，为了保持统一，初试技术分都要折算成350分制。

初试成绩满分为350分的专业的计算公式：专业课1成绩+专业课2成绩+（四科总分×10%）专业名称复试笔试满分复试面试满分英语笔译150分150分MTI考生不单独进行外语听说测试，并入专业面试一同进行英语口译100分200分俄语口译(俄英双语)100分200分法语口译100分200分一、十大解题思路1、细节题5个"w"，一个"h"：who、which、when、what、where、how。

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上海外国语大学翻硕英汉互译真题上海外国语大学翻译基础科目英汉互译真题MDGS Mille nn ium Developme nt Goals 千禧年发展计划Ban Ki-moon 潘基文国务卿Secretary of State雷曼兄弟(Lehman Brothers)次贷危机sub-prime crisis西部大开发战略strategy of wester n developme ntCAD:计算机辅助设施red star over china ：《西行漫记》个体工商户：private bus in ess鸦片战争：First Opium War民革：Revolutio nary Committee of the Ch in ese Kuomi ntang 即中国国名党革命委员会民盟:China Democratic League限价房:limited price社会保障体系：Social Security System国计委:state planning conmmissionNASA:美国国家航空航天局FBI :美国联邦调查局UNESCO:联合国科教文组织CCTV:中国中央电视台IAEA:国际原子能机构FDI:外商直接投资Diet of Japan:国会The Tories:托利党王党保守党The Treasure Department of the U.S :美国财政部The State Department in the Washington:华盛顿美国国务院Bala nee of Payme nts:国际收支平衡港人治港：Hong Kong Self-rule Hong Kong people gover n Hong Kong全面建设小康社会:to build a moderately prosperous society in all aspects中国特色社会主义：socialism with Chin ese characteristic构建两岸关系和平发展的框架:Con struct ing peaceful developme nt of cross-straits relati ons framework知足常乐：content is happ in ess水火无情：Fire and water have no mercy一蹶不振：cannot recover after a setbackGenetic mutation:基因突变International Herald Tribune:《国际先驱论坛报》一次性筷子：on e-off chopsticks按揭贷款：mortgage loa nIATA: 国际航空运输协会IPR:知识产权UNICEF: 联合国国际儿童基金bon ded warehouse:保税仓Binary theory:二进制理论温室气体：gree nhouse gases转基因食物：GM FOODAPEC:亚太经合组织售后服务：after-sale servicede facto:实际制艾滋病毒：AIDS virus应用语言学：applied lin guisticCBS:哥伦比亚广播公司dyn amic equivale nee:动态对等法P ostScript :附言transliteration :直译overtranslation ：超额翻译black sheep：害群之马outsource :外包山寨手机：copycat cellph ones破釜沉舟：cut off all means of retreat以牙还牙:return like for like对冲基金:Hedge fund本末倒置:put the in cide ntal before the fun dame ntalGDP:国内生产总值BBS:电子布告栏WHO :世界卫生组织LCD :液晶显示屏LC : 登陆艇(Ian di ng craft)NGO:非政府组织、民间组织CPPCC:中国人民政治协商会议ASEM ;亚欧会议China- ASEAN Expo ;中国东盟展览会SWOT analysis:四点分析(优势劣势机会威胁) Global Sourcing:全球采购In formati on Asymmetry : 信息不对称Innocent Presumption : 无罪推定The Book of Rites :《礼记》Mencius:孟子Con secutive In terpret ing:接续口译The House of Commons: 下议院A farewell to arms 《永别了武器》全国人民代表大会：National People ' s Congress夕卜交咅B ; Ministry of Foreign affairs会展会计：exhibiti on economy注册会计师：CPA( Certified Public Accou ntant)董事会：board of directors中国证监会;CSRC Ch ina Security Regulatory Commissi on )廉政公署：ICAC( In depe ndent Commissi on Aga inst Corruptio n)暂行推定：temporary provisi ons有罪推定;guilty presumption佛经翻译：the translation of Buddhist scriptures百年老店：cen tury-old shop论语：the An alects三国演义：Roma nee of Three Kin gdoms / Three Kin gdoms南方都市报：South City News台湾当局：TaiWa n authorities台独：Tai Wan In depe ndence台湾同胞；Tai Wan compatriots反分裂国家法 : the an ti-secessi on law一国两制：One country two systemsCIS countries:独联体国家中美联合公报：Si no-US Joi nt Commu nique commuter :通勤者上班乘车者USNE :美棉北欧到岸价TAO :道教CDED :欧洲裁军会议( conference on disarmament in Europe)。

2010—2014年上海对外经贸大学翻译硕士（MTI）考研真题
翻译硕士英语 2010—2013
英语翻译基础 2010—2013
汉语写作与百科知识2010—2013
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2015年翻译硕士考研之翻译硕士真题清单
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XX对外经贸大学2017年研究生入学考试模拟题翻译硕士英语（100分 180分钟）一、选择题1. The_ is used by astrologers to help calculate the influence of the planets on people’slives.A. zephyrB.zodiacC.zymeD.zest2. It’s a_ timetable. Sometime lessons happen, sometimes they don’t.A. haphazardB.odiousC.haughtyD.handicapped3. No men was allowed to_ on the livelihood of his neighbour.A. wadeB.invokeC.muffleD.infringe4. The poor man’s clothes were so_ that they couldn’t be repaired any more.A. oozedB.raggedC.moppedD.mocked5. The scents of the flowers was_ to us by the breeze.A. interceptedB.detestedC.saturatedD.wafted6. The machinery had been wrecked so efficiently that police were sure it was a case of_.A.vagabonedB.sabotageC.paradoxD.tachyon7. The actor amused the audience by_ some well-known people.A. embroideringB.riggingC.yelpingD.mimicking8. The speaker_ us with tales of exotic lands and buried treasure.A. detourB.offsetC.tantalizedhered9. I assure you there was no_ motive in my suggestion.A. ulteriorB.stationaryC. vulgarD. toxic10. Government loan have been the_ of several shaky business companies.A. tornadoB.salvationC.delinquencyD. momentum11. The hunter kept the lion’s skin and head as_.A. trophiesB. filletC. tulipD. clown12. We saw the canoe_, throwing its passengers into the water.A. prostrateB. overturnC. simulateD. brag13. He has been drinking alcohol so heavily that his death severely affected and got his_ alcoholically.A. quittanceB. qualmC. quailD. quietus14. The orphanage is just one of her_ causes.A. phoneticB. philanthropicC. prevalentD. lunatic15. After a period of probation a_ becomes a nun.A. sopranoB. hippie C novice D. monsieur16. Despite his wealth and position, he has an_ personality.A. unassumingB. unprecedentedC. underminingD. uncouth17. The island is maintained as a_ for endangered species.A. wetlandsB. sanctuaryC. mire D .heath18. If you_ something, such as food or drink, you reduce its quality or make it weaker, for example by adding water to it.A. adulterateB. moorC. vaccinateD. sue19. A_ is a grill on which meat, fish, and other foods are cooled over hot charcoal, usually out of doors.A. duetB. fagC. tonicD. barbecue20. The_ warned the sleeping troops that the enemy was creeping near.A. pickpocketB. picketC. pikeD. pickup二、阅读理解Text ANew and bizarre crimes have come into being with the advent of computer anized crime to has been directly involved; the new technology offers it unlimited opportunities, such as data crimes, theft of services, property-related crimes, industrial sabotage, politically related sabotage, vandalism, crimes against the individual and financially related crimes…Theft of data, or data crime, has attracted the interest of organized criminal syndicates.This is usually the theft or copying of valuable computer grogram.An international market already exists for computerized data, and specialized fences are said to be playing a key role in this rapidly expanding criminal market.Buyers for stolen programs may range from a firm’s competitors to foreign nations.A competitor sabotages a company’s computer system to destroy or cripple the firm’s operational ability, thus neutralizing its competitive capability either in the private or the government sector.This computer sabotage may also be tied to an attempt by affluent investors to acquire the victim firm.With the growing reliance by firms on computers for their recordkeeping and daily operations, sabotage of their computers can result in internal havoc, after which the group interested in acquiring the firm can easily buy it at a substantially lower price.Criminal groups couldalso resort to sabotage if the company is a competitor of a business owned or controlled by organized crime.Politically motivated sabotage is on the increase; political extremist groups have sprouted on every continent.Sophisticated computer technology arms these groups with awesome powers and opens technologically advanced nations to their attack.Several attempts have already been made to destroy computer facility at an air force base.A university computer facility involved in national defence work suffered more than $2 million in damages as a result of a bombing.Computer vulnerability has been amply documented.One congressional study concluded that neither government nor private computer systems are adequately protected against anized criminal syndicates have shown their willingness to work with politically motivated groups.Investigators have uncovered evidence of cooperation between criminal groups and foreign governments in narcotics.Criminal groups have taken attempts in assassinating political leaders….Compute rs are used in hospital life-support system, in laboratories, and in major surgery.Criminals could easily turn these computers into tools of devastation.By sabotaging the computer of a life-support system, criminals could kill an individual as easily as they had used a gun.By manipulating a computer, they could guide awesome tools of terror against large urban centers.Cities and nations could become hostages.Homicide could take a now form.The computer may become the hit man of the twentieth century.The computer opens vast areas of crime to organized criminal groups, both national and international.It calls on them to pool their resources and increase their cooperative efforts, because many of these crimes are too complex for one group to handle, especially those requiting a vast network of fences.Although criminals have adapted to computer technology, law enforcement has not.Many still think in terms of traditional criminology.1.How many kinds of crimes are mentioned in the passage?[A]7[B]8[C]9[D]102.What is the purpose of a competitor to sabotage a company’scomputer?[A]His purpose is to destroy or weaken the firm’s operational ability.[B]His purpose is to weaken firm’s competitive capability and get it.[C]His purpose is to buy the rival’s company at a relatively low price.[D]His purpose is to steal important data.3.Which of the following can be labeled as a politically motivated sabotage of a computer system?[A]Sabotage of a university computer.[B]Sabotage of a hospital computer.[C]Sabotage of computer at a secret training base.[D]Sabotage of a factory computer.4.What does the author mean by “Homicide could take a new form”?[A]There is no need to use a gun in killing a person.[B]Criminals can kill whoever they want by a computer.[C]The computer can replace any weapons.[D]The function of a computer is just like a gun.Text BThe increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant speculation on the part of the public—actually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignified—but rather an attempt by the Federal Reserve Board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market.Naturally, such a move had a momentarily chilling effect upon prices but if the FRB had been preoccupied with undue speculation, the increase might have been to the 80% or even 90% level.Such an increases in the margin rate is a confirmation of a strong stock market and since 19…,such increases have resulted in interim market highs over twelve months later.Obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guideline—and if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same course—continued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more prudent than pessimism.The margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks hadenjoyed for the previous year—and the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part.In past Investment Letters we have voiced the thought that speciality stocks could outperform the general market from this point.We continue to believe that this could be the case.For example, steel stocks tend to sell at certain fixed price/earnings ratios.Below a certain ratio they are considered good value—above a certain ratio, overpriced.If a company produces a unique product it is far more difficult for market analysis to place a nume rical ratio upon the company’s earnings.We have also contended in the past Letters that the stock market reflects mass psychology as well as the business outlook.When investors—both the public and the institutions—are nervous and pessimistic they definitely hesitate to buy stocks: they seek low price/earnings multiples and high yields.These same investors—when they are in an optimistic frame of mind—become for less preoccupied with yields and more wiling to pay a premium(high p/e multiples) for accelerated growth.If the public’s attitude towards the auto industry is any measure, then this period seems to have been one of optimism.5.The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is ___________[A]A Time to Sell Stock.[B]A Strong Stock Market[C]Raising the Margin Rate[C]Price/earnings Ratio in Steel6.When investors are pessimistic what do they do?[A]They look to the FRB for help.[B]They buy steel[C]They buy automobile stocks.[D]They look for high yields.7.Why does the writer believe that speciality stocks could outperform the general market?[A]Because analysis have difficulty in deciding upon a fixed price/earnings ratio.[B]Because the activity had been limited to blue chips.[C]Because the rise was conservative.[D]Because of the FRB action.8.When investors are optimistic, what do they do?[A]They look for accelerated growth.[B]They buy speciality stocks.[C]They look for high yields.[D]They are more prudent.Text CIf you want to know why Denmark is the world's leader in wind power, start with a three-hour car trip from the capital Copenhagen --mind the bicyclists --to the small town of Lem on the far west coast of Jutland．You'll feel it as you cross the 6.8 km-long Great Belt Bridge：Denmark's bountiful wind，so fierce even on a calm summer's day that itthreatens to shove your car into the waves below．But wind itself is onlypart of the reason．In Lem，workers in factories the size of aircrafthangars build the wind turbines sold by Vestas，the Danish company thathas emerged as the industry's top manufacturer around the globe．Thework is both gross and fine；employees weld together massive curvedsheets of steel to make central shafts as tall as a 14-story building，andassemble engine housings(机器外罩)that hold some 18,000 separateparts．Most impressive are the turbine's blades, which scoop the windwith each sweeping revolution．As smooth as an Olympic swimsuit andhoned to aerodynamic perfection，each blade weighs in at 7,000 kg，and they’re what help make Vestas’turbines the best in theworld．“The blade is where the secret is，”says Erik Therkelsen，aVestas executive．“If we can make a turbine，it's sold．”But technology, like the wind itself is just one more part of the reason for Denmark's dominance．In the end，it happened because Denmark had the political and public will to decide that it wanted to be a leader and to follow through．Beginning in 1979，the government began a determined programme of subsidies and loan guarantees to build up its wind industry．Copenhagen covered 30% of investment costs，and guaranteed loans for large turbine exporters such as Vestas．It also mandated that utilities purchase wind energy at a preferential price—thus guaranteeing investors a customer base．Energy taxes were channeled into research centres，where engineers crafted designs that would eventually produce cutting-edge giants like Vestas’3-magawatt(MW)V90 turbine．As a result．wind turbines now dot Denmark．The country gets more than 1 9％of its electricity from the breeze(Spain and Portugal，the next highest countries，get about 1 0％)and Danish companies control one—third of the global wind market，earning billions in exports and creating a national champion from scratch．“They were out early in driving renewables，and that gave them the chance to be a technology leader and a job—creation leader,”says Jake Schmidt，international climate policy director for the New York City—based Natural Resources Defense Council．“They have always been one or two steps ahead of others."The challenge now for Denmark is to help the rest of the world catch up．Beyond wind，the country(pop.5.5 million)is a world leader in energy efficiency，getting more GDP per watt than any other member of the E．U．Carbon emissions are down 13.3％from 1990 levels and total energy consumption has barely moved，even as Denmark's economy continued to grow at a healthy clip．With Copenhagen set to host all-important U．N．climate change talks in December --where the world hopes for a successor to the expiring Kyoto Protocol -- and the global recession beginning to hit environmental plans in capitals everywhere，Denmark's example couldn't be more timely．“We'll try to make Denmark a showroom.”says Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen．“You can reduce energy use and carbon emissions，and achieve economic growth."It's tempting to assume that Denmark is innately green，with the kind of Scandinavian good conscience that has made it such a pleasant global citizen since，oh，the whole Viking thing．But the country’s policies were actually born from a different emotion，one now in common currency：fear．When the 1973 oil crisis hit，90％of Denmark's energy came from petroleum，almost all of it imported．Buffeted by the same supply shocks that hit the rest of the developed world，Denmark launched a rapid drive for energy conservation，to the point ofintroducing car-free Sundays and asking businesses to switch off lights during closing hours．Eventually the Mideast oil started flowing again，and the Danes themselves began enjoying the benefits of the petroleum and natural gas in their slice of the North Sea．It was enough to make them more than self-sufficient．But unlike most other countries，Denmark never forgot the lessons of l973，and kept driving for greater energy efficiency and a more diversified energy supply．The Danish parliament raised taxes on energy to encourage conservation and established subsidies and standards to support more efficient buildings．“It all started out without any regard for the climate or the environment，”says SvendAuken，the former head of Denmark’s opposition Social Democrat Party and the architect of the country's environmental policies in the 1990s．“But today there’s a consensus that we need to build renewable power."To the rest of the world，Denmark has the power of its example showing that you can stay rich and grow green at the same time．“Denmark has proven that acting on climate can be a positive experience，not just painful,”says NRDC's Schmidt．The real pain could come from failing to follow in their footsteps．9．Which of the following is NOT cited as a main reason for Denmark's world leadership in wind power? A．Technology．B．Wind．C．Government drive． D．Geographical location．10．The author has detailed some of the efforts of the Danish Government in promoting the wind industry in order to showA．the government’s determination．B．the country’s subsidy and loan policies．C．the importance of export to the country．D．the role of taxation to the economy．11．What does the author mean by“Denmark's example couldn’t be more timely”?A．Denmark's energy-saving efforts cannot be followed by other countries．B．Denmark can manufacture more wind turbines for other countries．C．Denmark's energy-saving Success offers the world a useful model．D．Denmark aims to show the world that it can develop even faster．12．Which of the following is NOT implied in the passage?A．Not to save energy could lead to serious consequences．B．Energy saving cannot go together with economic growth．C．Energy saving efforts can be painful but positive．D．Denmark is a powerful leader in the global wind market．Text DPop stars today enjoy a style of living which was once the prerogative only of Royalty.Wherever they go, people turn out in their thousands togreet them.The crowds go wild trying to catch a brief glimpse of their smiling, colorfully dressed idols.The stars are transported in their chauffeur driven Rolls-Royces, private helicopters or executive aeroplanes.They are surrounded by a permanent entourage of managers, press agents and bodyguards.Photographs of them appear regularly in the press and all their comings and goings are reported, for, like Royalty, pop stars are news.If they enjoy many of the privileges of Royalty, they certainly share many of the inconveniences as well.It is dangerous for them to make unscheduled appearances in public.They must be constantly shielded from the adoring crowds which idolize them.They are no longer private individuals, but public property.The financial rewards they receive for this sacrifice cannot be calculated, for their rates of pay are astronomical.And why not? Society has always rewarded its top entertainers lavishly.The great days of Hollywood have become legendary: famous stars enjoyed fame, wealth and adulation on an unprecedented scale.Bytoday’s standards, the excesses of Hollywood do not seem quite sospectacular.A single gramophone record nowadays may earn much more in royalties than the films of the past ever did.The competition for the title‘Top of the Pops’is fierce, but the rewards are truly colossal.It is only right that the stars should be paid in this way.Don’t the topmen in industry earn enormous salaries for the services they perform to their companies and their countries? Pop stars earn vast sums in foreign currency – often more than large industrial concerns – and the taxman can only be grateful fro their massive annual contributions to the exchequer.So who would begrudge them their rewards?It’s all very well for people in humdrum jobs to moan about thesuccesses and rewards of others.People who make envious remarks should remember that the most famous stars represent only the tip of the iceberg.For every famous star, there are hundreds of others struggling to earn a living.A man working in a steady job and looking forward to a pension at the end of it has no right to expect very high rewards.He has chosen security and peace of mind, so there will always be a limit to what he can earn.But a man who attempts to become a star is taking enormousrisks.He knows at the outset that only a handful of competitors ever get to the very top.He knows that years of concentrated effort may be rewarded with complete failure.But he knows, too, that the rewards for success are very high indeed: they are the recompense for the huge risks involved and if he achieves them, he has certainly earned them.That’s the essence of private enterprise.13.The sentence Pop stars’ style of living was once the prerogative only of Royalty means ___________[A] their life was as luxurious as that of royalty.[B] They enjoy what once only belonged to the royalty.[C] They are rather rich.[D] Their way of living was the same as that of the royalty.14.What is the author’s attitude toward top stars’ high income?[A] Approval.[B] Disapproval.[C] Ironical.[D] Critical.15.It can be inferred from the passage ___________[A] there exists fierce competition in climbing to the top.[B] People are blind in idolizing stars.[C] Successful Pop stars give great entertainment.[D] The tax they have paid are great.16.What can we learn from the passage?[A] Successful man should get high-income repayment.[B] Pop stars made great contribution to a country.[C] Pop stars can enjoy the life of royalty.[D] Successful men represent the tip of the iceberg.Text EWe might marvel at the progress made in every field of study, but the methods of testing a person’s knowledge and ability remain as primitive as ever they were.It really is extraordinary that after all these years, educationists have still failed to device anything more efficient and reliable than examinations.For all the pious claim that examinations text what you know, it is common knowledge that they more often do the exact opposite.They may be a good means of testing memory, or the knack of working rapidly under extreme pressure, but they can tell younothing about a person’s true ability an d aptitude.As anxiety-makers, examinations are second to none.That is because so much depends on them.They are the mark of success of failure in our society.Your whole future may be decided in one fateful day.Itdoesn’tmatter that you weren’t feeling very well, or that your motherdied.Little things like that don’t count：the exam goes on.No one can give of his best when he is in mortal terror, or after a sleepless night, yet this is precisely what the examination system expects him to do.The moment a child begins school, he enters a world of vicious competition where success and failure are clearly defined and measured.Can wewonder at the increasing number of ‘drop-outs’：young people who are written off as utter failures before they have even embarked on a career? Can we be surprised at the suicide rate among students?A good education should, among other things, train you to think for yourself.The examination system does anything but that.What has to be learnt is rigidly laid down by a syllabus, so the student is encouraged to memorize.Examinations do not motivate a student to read widely, but to restrict his reading; they do not enable him to seek more and more knowledge, but induce cramming.They lower the standards of teaching, for they deprive the teacher of all freedoms.Teachers themselves are often judged by examination results and instead of teaching their subjects, they are reduced to training their students in exam techniques which they despise.The most successful candidates are not always the best educated; they are the best trained in the technique of working under duress.The results on which so much depends are often nothing more than a subjective assessment by some anonymous examiner.Examiners are only human.They get tired and hungry; they make mistakes.Yet they have to mark stacks of hastily scrawled scripts in a limited amount of time.They work under the same sort of pressure as the candidates.And their word carries weight.After a judge’s decision you have the right of appeal, but not after an e xaminer’s.There must surely be many simpler and more effective ways of assessing a person’s true abilities.Is it cynical to suggest that examinations are merely a profitable business for the institutions that run them? This is what it boils down to in the last analysis.The bestcomment on the system is this illiterate message recently scrawled on a wall：‘I were a teenage drop-out and now I are a teenage millionaire.’17.The main idea of this passage is ___________[A] examinations exert a pernicious influence on education.[B] examinations are ineffective.[C] examinations are profitable for institutions.[D] examinations are a burden on students.18.The author’s attitude toward examinations is ___________[A]detest.[B] approval.[C] critical.[D] indifferent.19.The fate of students is decided by ___________[A] education.[B] institutions.[C] examinations.[D] students themselves.20.According to the author, the most important of a good education is ___________[A] to encourage students to read widely.[B] to train students to think on their own.[C] to teach students how to tackle exams.[D] to master his fate.三、修辞填空Oxymoron parody Euphemism Hyperbole Alliteration Chiasmus Pun Repetition epistrophe irony1.Mary's two daughters are different in their personalities in a thousand and one ways.2.She is auditory-impaired3.The coach had a bitter-sweet memories4.The man is not rich because he is honest, but he is honest because he is rich(Defoe)5.The world believes in the wonder worker, not in the words of wisdom. (Richard Jefferson)6.So he laid down his arms.7.Well, of course, I knew that gentlemen like you carry only large notes.8.To eat is human; to digest, divine.9.It is in the soil of ignorance that poverty is planted. It is in the soil of ignorance that diseaseflourishes. It is in the soil of ignorance that racial and religious strife takes root (Lyndon B. Johnson)10.And this day will come, shall come, must come.四、神话词汇填空1.Pygmalion2.Trojan horses3.Achilles’ heel．4.an apple of discord5.Greek gifts6.cut the Gordian knot7.swan song8.a Helen of Troy9.herculean task 10. the sword of damocles1.Tired of political dodges，the candidate decided to ________ by announcing that he would run．2.Vietnam was President Johnson’s ______________．3.The compilation of the Oxford English Dictionary was a ____________．4.The dispute about inheriting estate formed _____________between them.5.The superpowers are always sending the _____________to many countries in the world.6.He is always buying you expensive clothes, I'm afraid they are______________for you.7.It is unfair that historians always attribute the fall of kingdoms to ____________.8.Thanks to her agent，a veritable___________，she was transformed from an ugly duckling into a Hollywood beauty.9.All the tickets have been sold for the singer's performance in London this week--the public clearly believes that this will be her ___________. 10.One person close to the company compared the government's role to _________, an ever-present evil hanging over their heads.五、作文Some believe that people should never be satisfies with what they have and should always strive for something new and different, but there are also people who believe that those who constantly fell satisfied tend to be happy. What is your opinion? Write a composition of about 600 words on the following topic:Does Satisfaction Bring Happiness?In the first pact of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In tire last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.。

目　录2009年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院841翻译实践（英汉互译）考研真题及详解2006年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院841翻译实践（英汉互译）考研真题及详解2009年上海外国语大学高级翻译学院841翻译实践（英汉互译）考研真题及详解I. Translate the following into Chinese（75分）The Short MarchBy BILL POWELL/SHANGHAI Thursday, Feb. 14, 2008Locals sell produce outside the gates of one of Songjiang’s new developmentsOn a cold, gray afternoon a year ago, I stood on the deck of our newly purchased, half-constructed house about an hour outside Shanghai, wondering what, exactly, I had gotten myself into. My wife, a Shanghai native, and I had moved back to China from New York City in the spring of 2004, and 21/2 years later we had decided to take the plunge. We bought a three-story, five-bedroom townhouse way out in the suburbs, in a town called New Songjiang, a place that was then—and remains now—very much a work in progress.We had come here that day to see how construction was progressing. Our house, along with about 140 others, was going up in a development called Emerald Riverside. It sits on the banks of a tributary that dumps into the Huangpu, the river that cuts Shanghai in two about 28 miles (45 km) to the northeast. On that dreary afternoon I gazed out to the other side of the river, looking at the only significant patch of land for miles that was not yet being developed—about five acres (20,000 sq. m) of green that local farmers still used to grow watermelons, which they then sold to the migrant workers building this town. On the far bank there was a ramshackle one-room brick house, where three of the farmers lived—a husband, wife and teenage son. They had no running water—they bathed and washed their clothes in the river—and the place was lit by a single bulb. In every direction just beyond the watermelon patch, office parks and houses and apartment complexes were going up, forming a cordon around the farmland that was drawing inexorably tighter. As it is in vast swathes of China, the new was replacing the old, and it was not doing so slowly. It was doing so in the blink of an eye.I stood on the deck that day and watched one of the farmers who worked the watermelon patch, an older woman who would later introduce herself to us as Liu Yi, as she stared back at me across the river. I remember thinking to myself, My god, what must be going through her mind? Not only is the land she works on about to disappear, but there’s this foreigner standing over there staring at her. Where did he come from and, more to the point, what in the world is he doing out here? The short answer is that my wife and I have become a tiny part of China’s latest revolution. We got an off-the-shelf mortgage from the Standard Chartered Bank branch in town, plunked down 25% of the purchase price, and bought ourselves a piece of the Great Chinese Dream.Best Years of Their LivesFor the past decade and a half, the frantic pace of urbanization has been the transformative engine driving this country’s economy, as some 300-400 million people from dirt-poor farming regions made their way to relative prosperity in cities. Within the contours of that great migration, however, there is another one now about to take place—less visible, but arguably no less powerful. As China’s major cities—there are now 49 with populations of one million or more, compared with nine in the U.S. in 2000—become more crowded and more expensive, a phenomenon similar to the one that reshaped the U.S. in the aftermath of World War II has begun to take hold. That is the inevitable desire among a rapidly expanding middle class for a little bit more room to live, at a reasonable price; maybe a little patch of grass for children to play on, or a whiff of cleaner air as the country’s cities become ever more polluted.This is China’s Short March. A wave of those who are newly affluent and firm in the belief that their best days, economically speaking, are ahead of them, is headed for the suburbs. In Shanghai alone, urban planners believe some 5 million people will move to what are called “satellite cities” in the next 10 years. To varying degrees, the same thing is happening all across China. This process—China’s own suburban flight—is at the core of the next phase of this country’s development, and will be for years to come.The consequences of this suburbanization are enormous. Think of how the U.S. was transformed, economically and socially, in the years after WorldWar II, when GIs returned home and formed families that then fanned out to the suburbs. The comparison is not exact, of course, but it’s compelling enough. The effects of China’s suburbanization are just beginning to ripple across Chinese society and the global economy. It’s easy to understand the persistent strength in commodity prices—steel, copper, lumber, oil—when you realize that in Emerald Riverside construction crews used more than three tons of steel in the houses and nearly a quarter of a ton of copper wiring. There are 35 housing developments either just finished or still under construction in New Songjiang alone, a town in which 500,000 people will eventually live. And as Lu Hongjiang, a vice president of the New Songjiang Development & Construction company puts it, “we’re only at the very beginning of this in China.”【参考译文】短行军比尔·鲍威尔，星期四，2008年2月14日当地人在新淞江发展区门外卖农产品一年前的一个寒冷阴暗的下午，我站在我们距离上海市区一小时车程的尚在建设中的新房的地板上，陷入了沉思，我的妻子是上海本地人，我在2004年春天离开纽约来到中国，两年半以后我们做了这个决定。

上海外国语大学考研翻硕MTI2014年真题回忆版分享翻译硕士英语分数 100分完形与阅读依然是去年的形式，即合在同一篇文章，共应该是20空，30分。

The future of cars: Gloom and boomA HUNDRED YEARS ago Henry Ford and his engineers perfected an idea whose time had come: the moving assembly line. By putting the car on a conveyor belt, they cut the...A HUNDRED YEARS ago Henry Ford and his engineers perfected an idea whose time had come: the moving assembly line. By putting the car on a conveyor belt, they cut the time taken to assemble a Ford Model T from 12 hours and 30 minutes in 1913 to just one hour and 33 minutes the following year. That made the car a lot cheaper to build and opened up a mass market for it. By 1918 its list price was down to $450, or just over 5 months’ pay for the average American worker, against the equivalent of about a year and a half’s pay when the car was launched a decade earlier. Cars became a personal badge of status, and in time carmaking became a badge of national virility.But since the 1950s the automobile has come to be seen as dangerous, dirty and noisy. In response it has been ever more strictly regulated, which has imposed additional costs. After the financial crisis the entire industry slumped spectacularly in many rich countries. Two of America’sbig three carmakers, Chrysler and General Motors, went bankrupt and had to be bailed out by taxpayers. In Europe car sales last year were the lowest since 1995. The battery-driven cars that were supposed to solve the pollution problem have so far been an expensive flop. The motor industry seems to be in dire straits.Yet this special report sees plenty to be optimistic about. Sales in Japan remain stagnant and in Europe they are unlikely to grow much in the next few years, but in America they are already beginning to bounce back, and in China and other emerging markets the current boom looks likely to continue for the foreseeable future. AlixPartners, a consultancy, forecasts that the worldwide market for cars and other light vehicles will expand from about 80m units a year now to 107m in 2020 (see chart 1). In China, n ow the world’s biggest market for cars, annual sales are expected to rise from 19m last year to 31m in 2020 as car ownership spreads to the country’s vast interior. So over the next seven years a Europe-sized market will grow up in China’s hinterland.Over the past decade tens of millions of Chinese families have gained personal mobility on an undreamt-of scale while lots of new jobs have been created making, selling and servicing cars in China. But the Chinese government seems less concerned about that than about its failure to create strong national champions capable of taking on the foreign carmakers on their own turf. In future it may try harder to achieve thisaim, which could deter foreign firms from continuing to invest in the country. A wiser course would be to accept—as Britain, and more recently Russia, have already done—that as long as the business is thriving and generating lots of well-paid work, the nationality of a car factory’s owners and the badges on the bonnets hardly matter.As ever more consumers in China and other emerging markets have the money to buy fancier cars, makers of upmarket and high-performance vehicles will benefit. Mass-market carmakers will have a harder time: too many factories are being built, especially in big emerging markets, which will lead to intense competition and price-cutting. As the biggest, most efficient manufacturers—such as V olkswagen and Toyota—pull ahead, those in the second division may seek salvation in alliances.Consumer heavenAs an investment, then, the motor industry has to be treated with caution. But its engineering and environmental credentials are improving all the time. A century after becoming a mass-market product, the car is still a long way from being a mature technology. Manufacturers and their suppliers are investing huge sums in a variety of improved propulsion systems and in new lightweight materials to meet regulators’ emissions targets. The current generation of models is already vastly cleaner than earlier ones, and emissions of carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, soot and other pollutants are set to fall much further. The smog that began to afflicttraffic-choked California in the 1950s and is now obscuring the sky in Chinese cities will gradually clear. The day may come when environmentalists stop worrying so much about cars and turn their attention to other polluters.Consumers will be in heaven. Improved manufacturing systems will allow the bigger carmakers to offer an ever wider range of models, supplemented by a steady stream of niche products from new entrants. Fierce competition will keep prices down even as cars are packed with ever more technology that will make them more expensive to produce. More of them will drive themselves, park themselves and avoid collisions automatically. That should cut down on accidents and traffic jams, reduce the stress associated with driving and provide personal mobility for the growing ranks of the elderly and disabled.All the technology that will go into making cars cleaner will also make them far more fuel-efficient and more economical. For motorists with short, predictable daily drives, all-electric cars may prove adequate and, as batteries improve, increasingly cost-effective. Others will be able to pick from a range of propulsion systems, including hybrid, natural gas and hydrogen as well as improved petrol or diesel engines, to suit their needs.Manufacturers are hoping that all this technology will help counteract a worrying trend they are beginning to observe in rich countries: that carownership is becoming unfashionable. In cities car-sharing and short-term hiring is becoming more popular. Young urbanites are getting their driving licences later, but the numbers of drivers at the other end of the age spectrum is growing, which may compensate for that loss.Best of all, in emerging markets there is enough pent-up demand to keep the industry growing for many decades yet. But which makers, in which countries, will reap the benefits?阅读理解分值三十分1，how did the assembly line help the auto industry？2，what is the key trend of the Chinese auto market?3, what is the good news of the world auto market?4, Why does it become the consumer heaven?5.Why is it difficult for carmakers to develop technology?作文字数要求 400字左右分值 40分依然延续前面的文章的主题，请你给中国政府提建议，关于如何发展中国的auto industry?翻译基础分值 150分时间原来的短语翻译也大改革，今年的题目是用中文/英文解释下列词语中英各五个三十分是解释啊，我考前列了个单子自己预测今年的短语翻译。