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Complementary Exercises of Unit 7,Book3

Complementary Exercises of Unit 7,Book3
Complementary Exercises of Unit 7,Book3

Complementary Exercises of Unit 7,Book3

I. Information matching

A)LOS ANGELES—Fans rushed to see 3-D movies such as Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs

in theaters this year and new 3-D televisions could soon have home viewers feeling as if they're surrounded by a noodle storm on their couches. Next year, major electronics manufacturers Sony Corp. and Panasonic Corp. plan to introduce 3-D-capable high-definition televisions for the mass market. You'll still need to wear special glasses, though.

B)Movie studios hope 3-D can help lift the weak home video market the same way it has pushed

up box office results. The initial price of such sets is expected to be high—perhaps 20 percent more than normal sets of the same size. But costs should come down in the coming years.

Depending on prices, 3-D-ready TVs could be in 28 million to 46 million homes worldwide by 2013, predicts Alfred Poor, an analyst with GigaOM Pro. He estimates that next year, as many as 2.5 million sets worldwide will be sold with 3-D capability. "We're raising a whole generation of kids who expect to see this effect for their movies at home," Poor said. "I think people want 3-D. I just don't think they're going to want to pay a whole lot more for it." To avoid the need for special screens, some manufacturers of TV sets are being away from the 3-D technology common in theaters in favor of what's known as "active avoidance". That uses an infra-red (红外线的) emitter on the TV to tell battery-powered glasses when to adjust the left and right lenses in conjunction with the images on the screen, which gives the perception of three dimensions. The sets themselves will require relatively minor upgrades from today's models, but the glasses will cost more, raising the price of the overall package.

C)There's no question 3-D movies are popular. They generated more than $1 billion at box

offices worldwide this year, and on a per-screen basis, 3-D showings typically bring in more than double the revenue of regular screenings when a movie is offered in both versions. For hits like Disney/Pixar's Up and 20th Century Fox's Ice Age: Dawn of the Dinosaurs, more than half of ticket revenues came from 3-D screens, despite accounting for far fewer showings, according to the research firm Screen Digest. Those screenings tend to fill up, and moviegoers are willing to pay a few dollars extra per ticket.

D)Making these 3-D movies hasn't been cheap, and so far there hasn't been an adequate way to

give back those higher costs in the home video market, which brings in far more dollars to studios than the theatrical release. In September, DreamWorks Animation SKG Inc. released a two-disc pack of Monsters vs. Aliens with just a 3-D bonus vignette (花絮) accompanying a 2-D version of the movie. It comes with cardboard glasses with dark reddish purple and green lenses that create a 3-D effect. The so-called "anaglyph (立体影片)" technology is out of date and can change colors but works with regular TVs.

E)"We think for 10 minutes or so, it's a fun experience, but it's not a great experience for an

hour-and-a-half or two-hour-long movie," said John Batter, DreamWorks' co-president of production for feature animation (动画片). The studio is considering a re-release of the movie

at higher prices using modern 3-D technology, followed by future releases after 3-D TVs become available next year. Batter said 3-D releases "will certainly grow over time and it will become, I think, a significant part of our home video business in a three- to five-year cycle".

F)Meanwhile, Universal Studios Home Entertainment released the stop-motion animated movie

Coraline in July both in 2-D and 3-D with the cardboard glasses, but director Henry Selick said he was disappointed with the result. "I wish they'd waited to do the home 3-D release until the technology caught up to what it was in the theaters," Selick told a conference last month. "I'm disappointed in how few people got to see it in the best possible way."

G)As more living rooms are equipped for movies in 3-D, studios will have stronger motivation

to release them for home viewing especially as 3-D movies are expected to spend less time in theaters. With about 30 3-D movies headed for theaters next year and only enough screens to show one major picture at a time, the average theatrical run will shrink to less than two weeks in 2010, down from nearly nine weeks in 2008, according to Charlotte Jones, a senior analyst with Screen Digest.

H)That could put more emphasis on making up for filmmaking costs on the home market, she

said. But the home market is also coming under pressure. US home video revenues in the first half of 2009 fell 3.9 percent from a year ago to $9.4 billion. Tom Adams, president of Adams Media Research, said 3-D videos could be the good news in the industry needs, especially because it will take a lot longer for 3-D TV signals to reach people's homes by cable or broadcast. "Among the early adopting crowd, they're going to go out and buy practically everything that comes out," Adams said. "It could be pretty profitable for studios even if it's fairly small in terms of the number of households."

I)Cable networks are experimenting with 3-D, too. Last month, ESPN hosted test screenings of

a USC-Ohio State football game in four US cities, following similar events put on by

technology provider 3ality Digital LLC.

J)Many technology companies are banking on a 3-D-at-home boom. RealD, the leading provider of 3-D systems in theaters, is preparing to expand production of "active shutter (快门)" eyewear. Sony Corp. has plans for a range of new 3-D products, from TVs to PlayStation games. Meanwhile, Sony Pictures Animation's latest 3-D feature, Cloudy with a Chance of Meatballs, was an unexpected box office hit, and it could make its way into homes in 3-D once the technology catches on. With standards being finalized and demand for 3-D content booming, "2010 is definitely the year for us to start the 3-D business," said Hiro Kawano, senior vice president of home products for Sony Electronics Inc.

1.3-D technology is expected to stimulate the weak home video market.

2.Consumers will be able to watch 3-D movies at home next year.

3.Consumers prefer movies of 3-D versions though they are a few dollars more expensive than

ordinary versions.

4.3-D televisions are more expensive than ordinary sets of the same size.

5.Henry Selick, Director of Universal Studios Home Entertainment, was not satisfied with the

company’s 3-D movie Coraline.

6.Monsters vs. Aliens, which was released by DreamWorks Animation SKG Inc. in September,

is a two-disc packed movie.

7.According to Charlotte Jones, the average theatrical run of 3-D movies will shrink to less than

two weeks in 2010.

8.The US home video revenues declined in the first half of 2009 from a year ago.

9.RealD, the main provider of 3-D systems in theaters, aims to enlarge the production of “active

shutter” eyewear.

10. DreamWorks is considering using modern 3-D technology to re-release the movie Monsters vs.

Aliens.

Key:1—5:BACBF2—10:DGHJE

II. Reading Comprehension

There are great many careers in which the increasing emphasis is on specialization. You find these careers in engineering, in production, in statistical work, and in teaching. But there is an in-creasing demand for people who are able to take in a great area at a glance, people who perhaps do not know too much about any one field. There is, in other words, a demand for people who are ca-pable of seeing the forest rather than the trees, and of making general judgments. We can call these people “generalists”. And these “generalists” are particularly needed for positions in adminis-tration , where it is their job to see that other people do the work, where they have to plan for other people, to organize other people's work, to begin it and judge it.

The specialist understands one field, and his concern is with technique and tools. He is a "trained" man; and his educational background is properly technical or professional. The generalist — and especially the administrator—deals with people; his concern is with leadership, with planning, and with direction giving. He is an "educated" man; and the humanities are his strongest foundation.

Very rarely is a specialist capable of being an administrator. And very rarely is a good generalist also a good specialist in a particular field. Any organization needs both kinds of people, though different organizations need them in different proportions. It is your task to find out, during your training period, into which of the two kinds of jobs you fit, and to plan your career accordingly.

Your first job may turn out to be the right job for you but this is pure accident. Certainly you should not change jobs constantly or people will become suspicious of your ability to hold any job.

At the same time you must not look upon the first job as the final job, because it is primarily

a training job, an opportunity to understand yourself and your fitness for being an employee.

1. There is an increasing demand for ______.

A. all-round people in their own fields

B. people whose job is to organize other people's work

C. generalists who are capable of making general judgments in positions of administration.

D. specialists whose chief concern is to provide administrative guidance to others

2. During your training period, it is important to ______.

A. try to be a qualified generalist

B. choose a profitable job and a pleasant employer

C. decide whether you are fit to be a specialist or a generalist

D. find a charitable organization which fits you

3. A man's first job ______.

A. is never the right job for him

B. is primarily an opportunity to fit himself for his final job

C. should not be changed or people will become suspicious of his ability to hold an job

D. might be regarded as his final job

4. The administrator is ______.

A. a man who is very strong in the humanities

B. a man who sees the trees as well as the forest

C. a "trained" man who is more a specialist than a generalist

D. a man who is an "educated" specialist

5. The specialist is ______.

A. a man whose job is to train other people

B. a man who has been trained in more than one field

C. a man whose concern is mainly with technical or professional matters

D. a man who can see the forest rather than the trees

Key:

1. B

2.C

3. B

4. A

5. C

III. Vocabulary

1 The severe winter never goes so soon, and it always ________ several months.

A. stays

B. lingers

C. stops

D. moves

2 The accident in last year________ him, so he had some difficulty in walking.

A. crippled

B. survived

C. suffered

D. targeted

3 In the enemies’ prison, he would rather die than ________ his own country.

A. sell

B. guard

C. betray

D. against

4 The second runner speeded up and he nearly ________ the runner ahead.

A. relied on

B. gained on

C. depended on

D. went on

5 I always get ________ when I have to give a talk in front of the public.

A. self-conscious

B. simple-minded

C. embarrassed

D. cold-hearted

6. When the teacher asked him to answer the questions, he was so nervous that his hands could not

help ________.

A. trembling

B. moving

C. twisting

D. cooling

7. The students began to chat and walk around in the classroom when the teacher left, so the whole

classroom was in ________.

A. disorder

B. noise

C. disturbance

D. trouble

8. Before he went abroad to study for his master’s degree, he had to _____ for a visa.

A. get

B. obtain

C. apply

D. apply to

9. As a man with a strong sense of responsibility, he _____ to keep his promise.

A. pledged

B. represented

C. pronounced

D. claimed

10. Linda did not have time to wash her clothes on weekdays so at weekends she got a lot of ____

to do.

A. assignment

B. laundry

C. cooking

D. shopping

Key:

1. B

2. A

3. C

4. B

5.C

6. A

7. A

8. C

9. D 10. B

IV. Banked Cloze

Artists, like everybody else in the world, need special training to develop their special aptitudes. Gail Hunter is _1_ an art school at San Miguel de Allende in Mexico.

Gail began drawing and painting _2_ she was a child. She took lessons while she was in high school. At the university she _3_ in art history with the idea of becoming a teacher, though she intended to keep on with her painting too. For two years, she worked as an art teacher in the_4_schools in Dayton, her hometown.

She wasn’t very happy with her_5_ job, though. She worked in _6_ different schools, so she had to go from one to another, and she felt she couldn’t give enough _7_ to any one student. She also didn't have time to keep on with her own _8_. She decided to enroll for a summer in the art school in Mexico.

The first summer has gone by, and Gail is still in San Miguel. She has sold two of her pictures to North American tourists. Her money has also stretched much further in Mexico than she had _9_. Perhaps most important to her, she likes the city and its atmosphere, for the first time, she is beginning to think of herself as an _10_ rather than just another student.

Key:1. J. attending 2. M. when 3. O. majored 4. G. high 5. D. teaching

6. K. several

7. K. several

8. C. painting

9. F. expected 10. N. artist

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