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《跨文化交际》教案第一章跨文化交际与跨文化交际学教学目的：通过本章的学习，认识跨文化交际领域的一些重要概念。
并对相似概念进行辨析。
使学生对本课程的内容有个大概的了解。
教学内容：影响普通交际的因素；文化的定义与范畴；跨文化交际的特征及其复杂性；跨文化交际的性质与研究内容；跨文化交际研究的意义；跨文化交际的历史与现状；跨文化交际研究的方法与步骤。
重点：文化的定义与范畴；跨文化交际的特征及其复杂性；跨文化交际研究的方法与步骤。
难点：跨文化交际研究的方法与步骤。
教学进程组织与设计：多媒体教学、讲授、讨论一、文化依附指的是交际双方代表或体现何种文化，一般分为三种：案例分析（本族文化依附）二、跨文化交际学（一）跨文化交际学的定义、性质及研究内容（二）跨文化交际学的产生及其在中国的发展三、跨文化言语交际分析四、跨文化非言语交际第二章跨文化交际之外事礼仪教学目的(教学目标)：通过本章的学习，了解在跨文化交际中的外事礼仪，为学生将来从事外事工作、中外文化交流、对外汉语教学等工作打下基础。
教学内容：跨文化交际的各类礼仪礼节。
教学重点、难点：跨文化交际之外事礼仪禁忌。
教学进程组织与设计：多媒体、教学录像、讲授、学生讨论一、授礼礼节1、何时送礼2、送什么礼物3、接受礼品二、演说三、告别礼节四、访问礼节四、馈赠礼品五、外事人员的个人礼仪第三章跨文化言语交际分析教学目的：通过本章的学习，了解言语交际的概念及重要性，并从微观处巡视中国文化与英美文化的不同。
教学内容：称呼、介绍、闲聊、问侯、致谢、道歉等。
重点与难点：中西跨文化言语交际中的不同。
教学进程组织与设计：多媒体教学、讲授、讨论一、“先生”的烦恼二、有序与无序——说介绍三、让“球”滚动的艺术——说闲聊四、“问我好，我受不了”——说问候五、千恩万谢为哪般——说致谢六、“对不起”不等于没道理——说道歉七、“每天至少称赞三个人”——说恭维八、私人领地不容侵犯——说禁忌九、不要拐弯抹角“打游击”——说请求十、“不要教训你老奶奶”——说关心十一、吃喝中的“卫生”习惯——说十二、“千里送鹅毛，不讲价多少”第四章非语言交际教学目的(教学目标)：了解非语言交际在跨文化交际中的重要地位与作用。
《跨文化交际》教学大纲辅导老师:适用班级:09春/秋英语(本科)单元简述第一单元语言、文化与交际内容：介绍语言、文化和交际之间的关系，跨文化交流模式，交流中的各种意义等。
教学目的：帮助学员认识到语言和文化是不可分的，对语言的充分理解需要文化意识。
学习目标：通过各种练习了解决定交际质量的基本要素，认识交际双方在交际过程中的交互作用，把握交际场合的定义、程式和价值观等。
第二单元文化冲击内容：介绍不同文化背景的人接触时常常感到的种种“文化诧异”现象。
教学目的：通过对各种“文化诧异”现象的分析培养学员的文化意识。
学习目标：通过练习认识到英汉在好客、谦逊、隐私、礼貌等方面的文化差异，进一步体会不同的文化价值观对交际行为的影响，初步学会如何适应一个新的文化环境。
第三单元姓名里的文化内容：姓名、称呼语和亲属语中的文化内涵。
教学目的：通过对姓名、称呼语和亲属语中的文化内涵的分析，使学员更加清楚地认识到英汉在这方面的文化差异。
学习目标：通过各种练习学会正确使用姓名、称呼语和亲属语。
第四单元人际间的交互作用内容：介绍在处理日常生活琐事过程中人际间的交互作用。
教学目的：培养学员对人们在处理日常生活琐事过程中不同行为模式的认识。
学习目标：通过练习学会处理邀请、约会、付帐、馈赠、请求、恭维、招待等行为中的文化差异，了解其中的一些不成文规则，更清楚地意识到自己的行为是如何受本族文化影响的。
第五单元角色和关系内容：介绍社会角色，如男和女、父母和孩子、朋友、社会身份等中的文化内涵。
教学目的：帮助学员分析社会角色和关系在不同文化中的期望值。
学习目标：意识到不同角色的不同期望值；意识到不同角色的不同责任；做到同其他文化背景的人交往时能够调整自己的期望值。
第六单元体态语交流内容：介绍体态语在跨文化交际中的重要作用。
教学目的：使学员熟悉不同种类的体态语以及不同文化对体态语的不同解释。
学习目标：通过练习能够描述体态语的不同意义；意识到成功的跨文化交际不仅需要知道如何用语言表达，而且要知道伴随恰当的体态语，在交流中有意识地注意脸部表情、目光接触、手势和身体位置、身体距离等。
跨文化交际课程大纲（Cross-cultural Communication）课程性质：专业方向课课程学分/学时：2.0学分/30学时上课时间/教室：开课学院：外国语学院教师姓名/职称：马书红，副教授；王初艳，讲师教师联系方式：187****1369,*****************办公时间/地点（Office hours/Place）：周四上午8:00-12:00，南区办公楼305一、课程简介及目标（一）本课简介本课程是面向英语专业学生的专业方向课，主要内容包括：文化的定义、层次和特征；跨文化交际的定义；家庭对个体的社会化、社会交际能力、男女家庭角色定位、价值观等的影响；身份的定义和分类（人种身份、民族身份、性别身份、国家身份、组织身份、个人身份、网络虚拟身份等）；刻板印象及避免产生刻板印象的方法；偏见及其成因；民族中心主义的定义及特点；感知的定义、感知与文化和信念的关系、个人主义和集体主义、权力距离、柔性和刚性文化、高语境和低语境文化；不同文化的非语言交际方式和特征；不同文化的时间和空间概念；不同文化的领导风格；解决跨文化交际冲突的策略。
通过学习，你可以从整体上了解跨文化交际的复杂性和多样性，把握跨文化交际的表现形式和其深层的信仰系统和哲学观，从而塑造人文精神、培养跨文化的觉知和意识、提升睿智与德性，奠定重要的跨文化交流的修养基础。
对于未来在与文化有关的机构工作（如：外事办、外企、跨国公司、旅游局、翻译公司、文化研究所等），本课程尤其具有重要的意义与价值。
（二）课程目标本课程旨在实现下列5个教学目标：1、专业知识目标通过本课程的学习，你能够（1）了解不同文化的外在表现形式（如服饰、饮食、音乐、雕塑、庆典仪式、交往方式等）、特点和异同；（2）了解非语言交际的不同特征与要素；（3）了解跨文化交际能力的构成要素；（4）用目标语言来描述、对比和分析各种文化现象，将语言学习与文化学习相结合；2、思维方式目标在反思中国文化的天人合一、阴阳和合、大一统等整体性、模糊性、直觉性、意向性、崇拜权威的思考方式的基础上，了解与学习其他文化的思考方式、信念传统和价值观等，从而汲取不同文化的思维方式的优势，并学习在不同的情景下、不同的领域中采用适当的思维技术和方法来解决问题，避免非此即彼的对立、生硬的思考模式和处理问题的方法。
Exercises for Lecture 11 (Ex. in Unit 4 + Idioms and Colors)I.True or False1.Verbal communication is more important than nonverbal communication.2.“Dragon” means the same to the western as 龙to the Chinese3.The Chinese phrase 知识分子has the same meaning as “intellectual”.4. A term in one language may not have a counterpart in another language.5.In referring to animals and birds, the Chinese practice is generally, but not always, to use公or 母to show whether a creature is male or female. This is the same with the English language.6.The following six English words: “vice”, “associate”, “assistant”, “deputy”, “lieutenant” and“under” can all mean 副in Chinese language.7.There are as many similarities as dissimilarities between English proverbs and Chineseproverbs.8.Violating a cultural taboo is as serious as violating a verbal taboo.9.Patterns of thought vary with culture.10.Particular thought patterns predominate in each culture.II. Multiple Choice1. Try to find the exact meaning of the proverb “Face the music.”A. to relax oneself by listening to the music aloneB. to go to a concert and forget anything else by enjoying the musicC. to accept the criticisms, unpleasant consequences, etc. that follow a decision or action ofone’s ownD. to go to see the person who is in charge and explain what has gone wrong2. Try to find the exact meaning of the proverb “Play the game.”A. to take something as a game without caring too muchB. to obey the rules and behave in a fair or honorable wayC. to defend one’s own side or group in an event, an activity, etc.D. to fool others in a funny wayColor3. It takes weeks to go through all the red tape involved in getting planning permission.A. important occasionB. necessary documentsC. complicated official rules and regulations, esp. when these are considered unnecessary4. She was tickled pink when she heard that she was the only person who was offered such a chance, tickled pink means______.A.extremely pleasedB.extremely offendedC.extremely upset5. No doubt that your father has green fingers. What a lovely garden! Green fingers means______.A.has a skill in keeping grass green foreverB.works very hardC.has a skill in growing plants6. He is the manager’s blue-eyed boy and has been promoted several times in the past two years.A. a very handsome and capable personB. a person treated with special favor by somebodyC. a person who often irritates others7. He is still green and bound to make mistakes, but I think he will bear watching.A. childishB. too weak to depend on himselfC. lacking experience, not mature enough8. I called him several times but he was in a brown study and didn't hear me.A. indulging in his coffeeB. reading attentivelyC. thinking deeply9. I am afraid we should not go on chatting like this. The new manager could arrive out of blue.A. unexpectedly, without warningB. with an angry expressionC. to give somebody a lesson10. Our boss is rather stern and sometimes looks a bit haughty, but he isn’t really as black as he is painted.A. as dark-skinned as he is describedB. as dangerous as he is describedC. as bad as he is said to be11. The new office block has become an expensive white elephant.A. a thing that is rather large and eye-catchingB. a thing that is useless and often expensive to maintainC. a valued gift that shouldn’t be given away12. No doubt that your father has green fingers. What a lovely garden!A. Has a skill in keeping grass green foreverB. works very hardC. has a skill in growing plants.13. I know he has the gift of gab, but I am afraid he doesn’t have much grey matter.A. intelligenceB. moneyC. opportunity14. No matter how successful she has become, my sister is still regarded as the black sheep of the family.A. a person who is always quite and docileB. a person who will set the world on fire sooner or laterC. a person who is strongly disapproved of other members of his/ her family15. He has browned off with his job and decided to enter a university to study for his second degree.A. unequal toB. bore; fed upC. desperate for16. Proverbs are significant to the study of intercultural communication because_____.A. they provide a compact description of a culture’s valuesB. they tell a great deal about what a culture praises and what it rejectsC. Both A and B17. In English culture “white” connotes______.A. deathB. innocenceC. immaturity18. The English equivalent for “黄色书刊”is _______.A. filthy publicationsB. yellow publicationsC. vulgar publications19. The Chinese equivalent of “white house” is _______.A. 温室B．白房子C．绝尘室20. This is a rich district where many wealthy people live in their luxurious houses. Rich district means_____.A.a brown-stone districtB.a red-stone districtC.a white-stone district21. I am afraid something bad may happen. We need to prepare for the worst. The italicized part can be replaced by ________.A. I have seen the red lightB. I have seen the green light.C. I have seen the yellow light.22. The government has finally given permission to start the project that has been discussed for several years. The underlined part can be replaced by ________.A. given the red light toB. given the green light toC. given the yellow light to23. We seldom see you, but you are off the next minute. The italicized part can be replaced by ___.A. see you only in a blue moonB. see you only once in a silver moonC. see you only once in a grey moon.24. She has been in very good health after she made a habit of jogging every morning. The italicized part can be replaced by ________.A. in the brownB. in the redC. in the pink25. Mr. Johnson is the chief editor in this press who is responsible for crossing out or altering the offensive parts of a book before it is shown to the public. The italicized part can be replaced by __.A. holds the red pencilB. holds the blue pencilC. holds the black pencil26. What a relief when I found that I still have money in my bank account! But I can’t spend money like this any longer. The italicized part can be replaced by ________.A. I am in the redB. I am in the blackC. I am in the blue27. He was discovered in the act of cheating by looking up his textbooks in the examination. The italicized part can be replaced by ________.A. caught red-handedB. caught white-handedC. caught black-handed28. What a fabulous car----I am very jealous. The italicized part can be replaced by ________.A. red with envyB. blue with envyC. green with envy29. That’s only a harmless lie. I do n’t want to hurt her. The italicized part can be replaced by ___.A. a green lieB. a white lieC. a grey lie30. As a man with plenty of guts, he is the person who is expected to bring success to this company which is on the verge of bankruptcy. The italicized part can be replaced by ________.A. the white hopeB. the red hopeC. the green hope31. The new rules for police procedure cleared up a lot of ambiguous areas which had been difficult to deal with. The italicized part can be replaced by ________.A. black areasB. grey areasC. blue areasKEYSI. True or False1. F2. F3. F4. T5.F6.T7.F8.T9.T 10.TII. Multiple Choice1. C2.B3. C4. A5. C6. B7. C8. C9. A 10. C11. B 12. C 13.A 14. C 15. B 16.C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20.A21. A 22. B 23.A 24.C 25.B 26.B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30.A 31. B。
跨文化交际概论-课程各章节内容要点整理第一章跨文化语言交际概述第一节文化、语言和交际一、关于文化的概念（一）文化的内涵和特性1、关于文化的内涵概括地讲，文化即是人们所思、所言（言语和非言语）、所为、所觉的总和。
在不同的生态或自然环境下，不同的民族创造了自己特有的文化，也被自己的文化所塑造。
交际即文化，文化即交际，如果没有交际，文化是难以形成的。
科学的提法是：“文化是冻结了的人际交流，而交际是流动着的文化。
”2、关于文化的特性（1）文化由人们的内稳和外显的行为组成。
（2）文化是通过符号被人们习得和传授的知识。
（3）文化是群体行为规则的集合。
（4）文化与社会是潜在现实中两种类型或两个层面上的概念。
（5）文化是历史所衍生及选择的传统观念。
（6）文化和交际具有同一性。
（7）文化是动态多变的。
（8）文化具有选择性。
（9）文化是群体或民族中心主义的意识产物。
（10）文化是个非常复杂的系统。
（二）文化定势、群体文化、亚文化1、文化定势和群体文化世界上大多数社会中都可能存在着若干群体或社团，这些群体或社团对地域、历史、生活方式、世界观，以及价值观等方面的共享，使其成员形成并发展和强化了自己独特的文化和与其相关的交际文化。
存在两种不同类型的文化范畴：一是全民族的文化，即整体的文化形象，二是具体的个性文化，即是按个人的社会情况或个人所属文化群体为基础的文化，有的学者把这种文化称之为群体文化或副文化。
2、亚文化与亚群体在跨文化交际研究中，对文化分类的一种较为传统的做法是把文化分成主流文化和亚文化。
亚文化是指存在于某一主流文化之中的一种非主流文化，某一少数群体的文化，这一文化中的行为模式区别于主流文化的行为模式。
二、关于语言的概念（一）语言是交际工具1、交际媒介言语交际是人类社会中必需的另一种交换活动，交换的是信息、思想、情感。
语言就是一个符号系统，一个人脑子里贮存了符号和符号的组合规则，他就可以和别人交际，传情达意，沟通信息。
Week 11Unit 7 Time and SpaceQuestions for discussion:1.I f you were invited to another family’s house for dinner when would you arrive?2.H ow long would you have to wait in a line in the post office before you became upset?3.H ow long do you think a party at which dinner is served should last?4.I f you were having a party in your class, how many days in advance would you invite your teachers or students from another college?5.W hen first meeting a newcomer to your class or a friend’s parents, an appropriate amount of time to talk with them would be minutes.6.I f you had an appointment with a professor at 8:00 and arrived at 8:45, how would the professor react?I.ChronemicsChronemics is the study of how peopleperceive and use time.(i) The Silent Language (p239-241)1. Traditions and conventions are silent inthe sense that they are often unconscious.2. What would an American businessmando if he is 3 minutes late for an appointment? What if 4 minutes late? 5 minutes late?3. What would you do in theabout-mentioned situation?4. The Western tradition of envisioningtime as a line:※The sense of time:1) Time is linear. Western cultures thinktime is linear — a flow from the pastto the present to the future.2) Time is cyclical. Life on earth evolvedin response to the cycles of day andnight and the ebb and flow of thetides.(ii) Monochronic and Polychronic Time (p271-275)1. What is M-Time and P-Time? Which do you think is the dominating time system in our culture?1) Monochronic time means paying attention to and doing only one thing at a time – events scheduled as separate items.2) Polychronic time means being involved with many things at once.2. What is the philosophy underlying each of the time system?1) P-time stresses involvement of people and completion of transactions rather than adherence to present schedules. Appointments are not taken as seriously and, as a consequence, are frequently broken. P-time is treated as less tangible than M-time.Weakness: Matters in a polychromic culture seem in a constant state of flux. Appointments are frequently broken.2) In M-time system, social and business life is commonly schedule-dominated. Byscheduling, we compartmentalize; this makes it possible to concentrate on one thing at a time, but it also reduces the context. M-time is also tangible. M-time scheduling is used as a classification system that orders life.Weakness: Life in general is at times unpredictable. M-time reduces the context and alienate people from themselves and from others.(iii) Social Time: The Heartbeat of Culture (p244-247)1.W hat does the author want to tell us fromhis experience in Brazil and the questionnaire between students in Niteroi and those in Fresno?2.T here aren’t unanimous perceptions oftime among culturally different people.Even within one country, ideas of time and punctuality vary considerably from place to place. Different regions and even cities have their own distinct rhythms andrules.3.W hat do you think of being punctual?How do the Westerners define punctuality with measures of time?4.Appreciating cultural differences intime sense becomes increasingly important as modern communications put more and more people in daily contact. If we are to avoid misreading issues that involve time perceptions, we need to understand better our own cultural biases and those of others.※American Concept of Time: (See Case 23 & 24)II.ProxemicsA fascinating area in the nonverbal world of body language is that of spatial relationships, or proxemics, the study of man's appreciation and use of space. As a species, man is highly territorial but we are rarely aware of it unless our space is somehow violated. Spatial relationships and territorial boundaries directlyinfluence our daily encounters. Maintaining control over such space is a key factor in personal satisfaction; observing spatial interactions in everyday life is a key to personal awareness.(i)The study of proxemics includes three aspects of space: (a) fixed features of space.(b) semifixed features of space, and (c) personal space(a) fixed features of spaceFixed feature space is characterized by unmovable boundaries, like divisions within an office building. Architecture and spacing of buildings also belong to this aspect of space.(b) semifixed features of spaceSemifixed features of space refer to spatial arrangements of movable objects within a room, such as furniture arrangement and seating.1. furniture arrangement :French space is a reflection of Frenchculture. Everything is centralized, and spatially the entire country is laid out around centers.In Germany, where privacy is stressed, office furniture is spread throughout the office.In Japan, where group participation is encouraged, many desks are arranged hierarchically in the center of a large, common room absent of walls.Chinese geomancy, feng shui, is the art of arranging the physical environment to establish harmony with the natural environment to achieve happiness, prosperity, and health.2. seatingIn the United States, they tend to talk with those opposite them rather than those seated or stand beside them.The Chinese often experience uneasiness when they face someone directly or sit on opposite side of a desk or table fromsomeone.(c) personal space (p254-256)Behavioral study indicates that individuals perceive a distance that is appropriate for different types of messages; they also establish a comfortable distance for personal interaction and nonverbally define this as their personal space.Research supports the hypothesis that the violation of this personal space can have serious adverse effects on communication.Thus, if an individual is to be mutually satisfied in a communication encounter his/her personal space must be respected.Should an intruder invade this personal space while also trespassing within territorial boundaries he placed himself in double jeopardy and must compensate for the other's increased anxiety.The differences among Americans, the Japanese and the Arab (p255)In the United States,Hall reports thatpsychologists have identified four zones from which U.S. people interact: the intimate zone, the personal zone, the social zone, and the public zone.In India, there are elaborate rules about how closely members of each caste may approach other castes.In Arab, Arabs of the same sex do stand much closer than North Americans. An Arab entering an elevator may stand right next to another person and be touching even though no one else is in the elevator. (ii) TerritorialityTerritoriality refers to how space can be used to communicate messages.Territorial claims differ from personal space in that the personal zone accompanies the individual while territoriality is relatively stationary. Semi-fixed feature space is often the criteria used to establish a territory within any environment; it becomes a man's safety zone where he rests from the rigors ofdefending personal space from invasion, the dramatic or sudden entry into another's personal zone. Humans, like animals, indicate their ownership of this established territory and will consequently defend it against all invasions. Territoriality is established so rapidly that even the second session in a series of lectures is sufficient to find most of the audience returning to their same seats. And if one has been sitting in a particular seat and someone else occupies it, one can notice a fleeting irritation.Compare the differences among the cultures of the countries mentioned in ―Home and Culture‖ (p258-262).America: showing visitors around home;people are not allowed to lock doors except the bathroom door; kitchen is the place for negotiation between the mother and the children; the parents’bedroom is mostly off-limits.Germany: requires a wide area of privacy,formal and regimented; doors are firmly shut between rooms; an entrance hall to lead visitors into the house without showing specific rooms and spoiling the family’s privacy.Northern European countries: rude if not call in advance; not to expect the tour of the host’s home.France: never drop in unannounced; no tour of the house; guests are usually received in the living room, with the doors to the other rooms closed.Italy: you can drop in anytime without calling first, except for the resting hours of 2:00 to 4:00 pm.Spain: call ahead; normal visiting hours are 4:00 to 6:00 pm.Latin American countries: guests, even dropping in without warning, are greeted warmly, often with hugs and kisses; to communicate in the dining room.The Middle Eastern countries: the layout ofthe salon;III.Case AnalysisBill had just arrived from the United States to study engineering at a Chinese university. In the first few days he met and moved in with his roommate Zemin. over the next few days he noticed that female students on campus frequently walked arm-in-arm or even holding hands .He noticed, too, that students of both sexes, but especially the boys, would huddle around newspaper displays in a fashion of close contact. Bill felt rather uncomfortable and wondered how he would respond if one of his classmates were to put his arms around him…Question: why does Bill feel uncomfortable?。
