托福独立写作攻略
托福考试独立写作攻略！为了方便考生在考后对于托福写作有一个清楚的了解，时代焦点名师为考生整理出了托福独立写作的要点，考生可以参考。
A. 审题
审题是托福独立写作的第一步也是最为关键的一步。审题核心是在理解题意的基础上抓住题目中的三个关键点：绝对词、比较词和限定词。
1. 绝对词
绝对词顾名思义是表达绝对概念的词，常见的有：only, always, any, anything, best等。绝对的概念是非常难以证明的，因为需要证明绝对范围内的每一种情况都适用。同时也是最容易反驳的，因为只需要找到一个突破口就可以推翻。所以在审题过程中找到绝对词可以为我们提供一个基本的同意或者不同意的思路，以及论证的突破口。
例：Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between people.
这个句子中包含Always, most important和Any三个绝对词。通过这三个我们很容易找到反驳的论点：
1.某些情况下我们不应该说真话
2.说真话不是最重要的
3.在一些特定的关系中我们不应该说真话
这仅仅是通过绝对词找到的反驳点，针对题目的反驳还要结合整个句子的意思。
2. 比较词
比较级属于比较词的范围。比较词为我们圈定了论点的选择方向。比如A比B好，那么论点选取就一定是A较于B优势的地方，突出比这个字。
例：In order to succeed, we should be more like others than be different from others.
3. 限定词
限定词是题目中对讨论的范围进行限定的部分。由于句子中可能会出现较多的限定内容，导致同学们在审题过程中漏掉一些不明显的限定词，尤其是目的类限定词。
例：It is better for children to choose jobs that are similar to their parents' jobs than to choose jobs that are very different from their parents' jobs.
这个题目中的定语从句吸引了找限定词的目光，导致其中一个最关键的限制词常常被忽略：for children. 目的类限定词，讨论的目的是对孩子好，许多同学会写对家庭或者社会的好处，都属于离题的论点。
例：In order to succeed, we should be more like others than be different from others.
这个题目的限制范围在in order to succeed, 而不是其他目的。
B. 论点选取
托福写作中，论点的选取很重要，在审题基础上找出适合题目范围的论点，构建文章基本框架。论点选取三个原则：
1. 分论点直接支持中心论点。
2. 避免大范围论点。
3. 在限定词范围内。
针对原则1
许多同学思考出的论点都不是直接支持论点的，是思考时不自觉的思维转弯导致的。由于主题句表明论点的时候阅卷人看不到你的思路，只看到结果，就造成阅卷人无法直接理解的情况。
例：中心论点：在家乡建工厂不好。
思路：建工厂污染环境→环境好可以发展旅游→旅游推动经济。
得出分论点：不建工厂可以推动经济发展。
很明显，任何不知道这个思路的人在第一次看到这个论点的时候都会很困惑，这就是不直接支持造成的。这个题目的直接论点其实就是思路的第一步：建工厂污染环境，直接支持建工厂不好，这已经是非常有力的证据，无需过度挖掘。
针对原则2
大范围论点又称自掘坟墓式论点。同学在选取论点是容易选取到很大涵盖面的论点比如说：convenient, learning, satisfaction等。这类论点由于包含过多方面，写了一个论点就等于写了其中包含的其他论点。换句话说，在选取分论点的时候一定要精准。
例：Convenient 包含了节约、灵活、就近等方面；Learning 责包含了所有可学到的各种内容；Satisfaction 包含了各种欲望的满足。
针对原则3
时刻提醒自己论述的范围是什么，限定词是什么，因为论点一旦超出限定范围就很可能离题或者无法证明中心论点。论点练习，请同学们写出下列题目两个方向的多个论点。
1. Television advertising directed towards young children (aged two to five) should not be allowed.
2. Playing computer games is a waste of time. Children should not be allowed to play them.
3. Teachers should not make their social or political views known to students in the classroom.
4. Always telling the truth is the most important consideration in any relationship between people.
C. 结构框架
两种框架：
1. “一边倒”：支持面的三点理由充分论述。
例：快速决定永远是错的。
1.有些决定不用长时间考虑。
2.有些决定可以凭经验作出。
3.有些时候必须快速决定。
2. 让步：支持面的优点的两点理由充分论述+反对面优点一到两点的理由简略论述。
例：现场观看表演比看电视更好。
1.电视更清楚：有讲解，有不同角度摄影，有精彩回放。
2.看电视费用更低，更安全，更放松。
3.现场气氛好，可能见到明星，可能有偶遇。
D. 主体展开
TEEDC法则：Topic sentence, Explanation, Exemplification, Detail, Conclusion.
TEEDC法则中的五个元素都是必要的，根据自身选择多例写法（每个例子简略分析）或者多细节写法（单个例子详细分析）。
1. 多例法：（TEEDEDEDC）
Topic sentence+Explanation+Example 1+Detail 1+Example 2+Deatail 2+ Conclusion
通俗表达就是：我认为……，因为我觉得……。比如说……你看……又比如说……你看……再比如说……你看……。所以……。
例：（T）科技发展带来好处，（E）因为许多科技产品给人们提供了很多便利。（E1）微波炉（D1）使做饭更健康，（E2）冰箱（D2）使食物保存得更新鲜，（E3）手机（D3）使我们联系更方便，（E4）电脑（D4）使我们获取最新资讯更及时，（E5）汽车（D5）使我们的出行更快捷。
（C）所以，以上这些就是科技带来的好处。
2. 多细节法：(TEEDDDDDC )
Topic sentence+Explanation+Example+Detail 1+Deatail 2+Detail 3+ Conclusion
通俗表达就是: 我认为……，因为我觉得……。比如说……你看……你再看……你接着看……你继续看……。所以……。
例：（T）科技发展给大家带来了好处，（E）因为许多科技产品给人们提供了很多便利。
（E）比如：微波炉，（D1）味道保存更好，（D2）热得快，（D3）避免油烟，（D4）可以定时，（D5）精确控制火势。
（C）所以，以上这些就是科技带来的好处。
E. 开头结尾
开头主要起到铺垫和引出观点的作用，所以论题背景介绍是必不可少的部分，变化主要呈现在如何引出观点如何进行背景介绍的部分。
1. 背景介绍的方法
1 说现象，社会上关于该话题的现象。
2 下定义，定义符合大众价值观，不会产生异议。
3 讲事实，权威数据或调查。
2. 引出观点的方法
1 直抒胸臆，直接由背景进入自身观点。（优点直截了当，论点清晰缺点：字数较少）
2 先抑后扬，先说反面观点或理由，转折，再引出自身观点。（推荐）
3 观点选择，先说各方观点，提出自己选择的观点。（优点：增加字数缺点：略显累赘）
扫描二维码限时获取免费视频课程。
来源于：时代焦点
As the economy and technology develop at an incredible speed in today’s society, there are an increasing number of people believing that the most important problems affecting our society today could be solved within our lifetime. In my view, however, this is out of the question and the three most significant problems affecting the society, namely war, environmental destruction and disease, will still influence us and may not be entirely resolved forever. War is a problem afflicting humans since they took into being in the first place. Wars take place when different countries have conflicting benefits, which is unlikely to be eliminated as long as the boundaries between countries still exist. For instance, in the Middle East where water is extremely scarce, many countries are in conflict in contention for water resources. Since every country acts for the sake of its own benefit, it seems that people in the region are incapable of living together in harmony. Eternal world peace, therefore, is unlikely to be achieved in our lifetime. Environmental destruction emerged not long before but it is becoming increasingly severe and can not be ignored. With the large-scale utilization of fossil fuels and rapid development of industry, huge amounts of pollutants are being produced, contaminating the environment to a large degree. The disposal of these pollutants being a tough task, it is hardly possible that we can completely get rid of them within a short period of time. Furthermore, even if we can come up with optimal methods for dealing with these substances, there remains the problem that these methods may cost too much and obstruct the development of economy. Last but not least, the well-being of people around the world is threatened by a variety of diseases, ranging from AIDS to cancer, the cures for which have not been discovered yet. Diseases set off panics among humans, affect their normal life and leave people badly off with the high medical expenses. There are thousands of scientists devoting themselves to finding cure for diseases, but new types of diseases keep emerging and there is no eliminating all of them. In summary, the problems with the most significance today are going to be passed on to our offspring. To eliminate these problems thoroughly, there is still a long way to go.
托福独立写作：六篇高分范文推荐 写作题目: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? People spend too much money on their pets even though there can be other good ways to spend money. Give details and examples to support your response. 人们花了太多的钱在宠物身上，而实际上有其他更好的消费方式，用细节和例子支撑你的观点。 写作范文 With the rise of the middle class, more and more people spend money on things that are not essential to their daily needs. As the average wealth of households has increased, many trends have emerged. One trend that has appeared recently in my neighborhood is the increase in the amount of money people spend on their pets, and for me this is definitely the truth. The reason why people spend too much money on their pets is because they believe their pets to be more than just animals. They assign to them many human characteristics. This does not mean that I do not like pets. I love pets. My father is a biologists and growing up our house was always filled with lots of strange and unique pets. Pets play a very important role in families and I think we should take care of animals. I love volunteering for the local animal shelter and helping find homes for stray pets. I like taking care of animals and I will be the first to help an animal in need. I do not, however, believe that we should treat pets like humans. My neighbors, on the other hand, have a different opinion. They love their dogs, but I think they are a rather extreme when it comes to taking care of their dogs. For example, their dogs have their own feather beds that cost 300 dollars each. I think tha t’s how much all of the furniture in my bedroom costs! My neighbors claim that their dogs have back problems and that the dogs need these beds. I am not sure the dogs realize this, because last time I visited my neighbors I saw that the dogs had ripped a bunch of holes in these beds. Maybe humans think these dog beds are more comfortable, but I highly doubt that dogs know the difference between a several hundred dollar mattress and a ten dollar mattress. Buying these kinds of luxury items for pets is very silly. Spending exorbitant amounts of money on one’s pet is not only pointless, but it’s also wasteful. It’s pointless because pets can’t determine the quality of an object. It’s wasteful, because there are so many better things on which to spend
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO48独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望 对大家备考有所帮助。 托福TPO48独立写作题目原文： Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?Because modern life is very complex, it is essential for young people to have the ability to plan and https://www.doczj.com/doc/772099486.html,e specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 托福TPO48独立写作满分范文1： Increasingly sophisticated technology, explosive information and intricate international relationships all work together to complicate the modern life, which makes our modern people somewhat overwhelmed. Individuals whoever want to have a better control of one’s life must equip themselves with some essential skills or abilities. Planning and organizing, which embodies the skill of anticipating, influencing, and controlling, in my view, is becoming gradually important in coping with today’s complication especially for the young who are always the most passionate but also with less self-control. First of all, planning helps keep one on course in achieving goals and crystallize objectives. Young people always possess some grand dreams which may take years to accomplish. Planning ahead, on the one hand, could effectively put one on the right track thus prevent energy from being scattered or wasted. A survey conducted by experts from Oxford University shows that over 90% of elites and enterprisers had precise objects and made plans for decades later at very young age. Like Bill Gates, one of the most prominent persons I have ever seen, discontinued their studies since he was definite aware of what he should do in order to become the leader of IT field. On the other hand, plans, which are organized step by step, could turn the ultimate goals into several achievable ones. With achievable objective achieved one by one, the ultimate goal will finally be attained. Besides, planning and organizing help to promise one’s best performance in most occasions. Panning means trying to anticipate all the possibilities and arrange things in a scientific order. It clearly tells people what to do currently and what should do the next, which prevents disorder or chaos. Thus, people may feel assured and will be with less stress. For example, a student who sticks to a study plan is less likely to be nervous thus will be more likely to have better performance than those who crams for tests. Today youngsters are exposed with fierce competitions but also abundant opportunities. Good performance is key to hold these opportunities in hand. It is undeniable that our society changes at such a quick pace that we cannot plan everything in previous. But this by no means implies that the ability is not important. Without a plan, complex things will only get more complicated. Abraham Lincoln reportedly once said, “If I had 60 minutes to cut down a tree, I would spend 40 minutes sharpening the ax and 20 minutes cutting it down.” Planning is just like “sharpening the ax”, which will no doubt facilitate a task easy done. All in all, though the ability of planning and organizing may not be omnipotent for people
托福独立写作高分范文4 ● 绝对词型 185题库 Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents are the best https://www.doczj.com/doc/772099486.html,e specific reasons and examples to support your answer. Obviously, in most cases the earliest teachers people have are their parents, and parents are generally most concerned about the development of their children. However, it is not completely true to say that parents are the best teachers. Parents may, nevertheless, help their children much more than do good teachers. Most parts of children education are virtually beyond teachers' reaches. It is parents that supplement. Psychology studies have shown us that parents' love sometimes has astonishingly magic power to their children. Forest Gump's mother is a good example. On the other hand, parents might do their children harm more than do bad teachers as well. The natures of those children whose parents have misbehaviors are often severely distorted. In reality, not all parents are good teachers. As normal individuals, some parents more or less have some bad habits. Even though parents almost instinctively devote themselves to cultivating their offspring, the outcome might turn out to be disappointment, for all children tend to unconsciously or subconsciously copy everything including bad ones from their parents. Another deficiency of parents as teachers is the fact that most parents are lack of common senses of education. All too often we observe some parents tend to pursue their cherished but failed dream by forcing their children to develop in a prearranged direction. Ironically, when their children do not follow the instructions, the children will be regarded as disobedient or allegedly rebellious. In fact, it is parents rather than their children that virtually disobey common senses. Moreover, some parents are qualified as good teachers, but not all of them are the best ones. When children are in the preliminary school, it is not surprising that parents are perhaps capable of teaching their children almost every subject even better than professional teachers in the school. But the situation will not last long. We live in a world where knowledge is accumulated by multiplying and at the same time becomes more and more specialized. Therefore, to be a professional in a certain field today takes much longer time than has ever been before. No parent is able to be professional in all fields, though they might be experts in one or more fields. Wise parents often release rather than charge their children as early as possible. They are aware of the possibility outside the family. In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that parents are the best teachers.(403)
托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏（１） Which one do you prefer, to solve problems on your own experience and knowledge, or to ask others for advice? As knowledge and experience serve as twim towers in problem-solving, one is often presented with two major paths that pave the way for final fulfillment, eitther to wrack his brain, just like what happened to Neuton, siiting for many years under an apple tree and eventually figuring out ond of the greatest universal rules that govern the whole globe, or to seek for others ’ widsom through their advice, just as in the case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others’ advice contribute greatly to effectiveness and effeciency for a goal-accomplishment. Not all experience and knowledge related to problem-solving can be obtained by personal effort alone due to limitations of mind and capabilities of each individual. A single thought in someone’s mind is, more often than not, far less shining compared with group ’s wisdom. That explains the famous old saying that one sees further when standing upon the shoulders’ of past great giants; that explains why a great leader is always with greater minds; that also explains why teamwork in corperation is highly emphasized in the 21st century. Brainstorm and exchange of ideas between different thoughts never fail to enhance capabilities of each individula involved, a team, a company, an institution, a country, or even the entire global village. Asking others’ advice instead of getting everything done on one’s own promotes democracy and communication too. In terms of democracy, it is necessary to give others rights and chances to speak since the problem may concern them in different ways, and their saying in turn reflects our respect toward freedom of speech as well as their wisdom. In terms of communication, idea exchange sometimes focuses more than solutions, and hereby better mutual understanding about perspectives, principles, praticalities and personalities of each other. Admittely turning to others for help and suggestion by no means refers to absolute and irresponsible dependence. Consideration upon different thoughts and ideas broadens our mind, enlarges our vision, furthers understanding, enhances more effective and efficient brainstorm, and stresses mutual respect in groups and communities, which undoubtedly gives rise to better, if not the best solutions. As is paraphrasedfrom John F Kenedy, brainstormed, there is little we cannot do while divided, there is little we can do. 托福写作辅导：托福考试满分作文欣赏(2) Case of Benjinin Franklin, gathering great minds under one roof and then establishing a most world-renown libray. Both ways work. When a practical goal is involved, however, Benjimin Franklin may best be regareded as a role model in this respect and asking people for advice often turn out to be the prime alternative. Experience and knowledge borrowed or learned from others' advice contribute greatly
托福独立写作满分范文下载 托福独立写作可谓是托福考试中的一道拦路虎，在这里为大家整理一片托福独立写作的满分范文，供同学们参考。 Does technology make children less creative than in the past? Are our kids becoming lazier and less creative, less imaginable than before as a consequence of highlyadvanced technology? My answer is no, and just the opposite, technology has apparently assisted our kids tobecome more creative. First and foremost, technology has provided children with easy access to scientific and liberal art resourceswhich is their best source of inspiration. For example, children could now easily gain access to academic databasesthrough iPad screen, read classical works on Kindle, or watch historic documents on Internet. These great worksare essentially helpful to arousing their curiosity and prepares them with key knowledge necessary for any creation.However, these wonderful equipments and facilities are never as handy in the past, when kids could only reachlimited resources in public libraries or schools. In this sense, technology has provided the possibility for children tobe more creative. Second, technology has equipped children with professional apparatus which could finally realize theirimagination. This takes form particularly as computer softwares and applications, such as Photoshop for creativegraphic design, Overture for easily composing a piece of music, 3DMax for building up a virtual world, etc.. Allthe software were never as handy as they are at present, and this would absolutely provides our children aneffective tool for realizing their creativity. Third, technology itself is a market place where creative ideas are economically encouraged. Steve Jobsearned millions of dollars a year for his unparallel creation, and Mark Zuckberg gained his reputation for thegenius social network. Therefore, technology has provided children the internal motive to develop their creativity. However, it is undeniable that technology might make children become lazier and be comfortable with whatis already available because everything are so convenient nowadays and there seems to be no way to improve them.Children lost in
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO45独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。 托福TPO45独立写作题目原文： Do you agree or disagree with the following statement?In the past, young people depended too much on their parents to make decisions for them; today young people are better able to make decisions about their own https://www.doczj.com/doc/772099486.html,e specific reasons and examples to support your answer. 托福TPO45独立写作满分范文： With the development of society, our living habits have been changed greatly. One of the most significant changes is the issue of whom we young people depend on when making a decision. In the past, young people usually depended on their older family members, especially their parents. However, in contemporary society, we young adults tend to make choice on our own. Here are the reasons. Admittedly, in the past, the ways they acquired information, most of which come from experience, were limited. It was parents who are much more experienced than their children. In this case, they tended to listen to parents’ advice and let them to control determination. As we all know, over the several decades, parents made the decision for their children who they would marry with in China. At that time, girls had no chance to meet the young men with the same age. However, their parents had the permission to know their children’s future partners through various ways. Without doubt, it was a right choice to depend on their parents when making a decision in the past. However, we can get access to a great amount of information, which do good to decision making nowadays. Surfing on the internet, clicking on the mouse, news will display on your computer screen within seconds. What’s more, after educating, we have learnt knowledge in a systematic way, which enable us to understand ourselves and the world better. All of these create a good atmosphere for us young people to make decision on ourselves. According to a survey conducted by Peking University aiming to find out how students choose their majors, 80 percent of students depend on their own while less than 20% decided by their parents or teachers instead. Most students are independent nowadays. They would listen to their parents, but it is themselves who determine the final choice. Another important reason is that some of adults’ experience work less effectively on our generation because conditions change rapidly in the information age. In the past, it was less likely for youngsters to move out of their hometowns while we usually move from one place to another nowadays. So parents’ idea might not fit our situation any more. Consequently, we prefer to make a decision depend on our own experience. In sum, for the reasons I mentioned above, I totally agree that in contemporary society, we young adults are better able to make choice on our own. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO45独立写作题目文本+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!