新概念英语第一册课文注释Lesson109~110
1 less than that，意思是“比那稍微少一些”，其中的that指上文中的two teaspoonfuls。
2 I' d=I would
I'd like… 我想要…
3 What a pity!真遗‘憾!英语中常用“What a+可数名词”和"What+不可数名词”的结构来表示感叹。
新概念英语第一册课文注释Lesson111~112
1 大多数两个以上音节的形容词可与more/less连用构成其比较级形式，与most/least连用构成其级形式，如本课中的几个例子:This model's less expensive than that one; The other model's more expensive; It's the most expensive model in the shop.
2 it's not as good as the expensive one，它不如那种价格高的好。not as...as... 可以用来进行比较，意思是，放在前面的人或物在程度上低于后面的人或物。
3 buy...on instalments，以分期付款的方式购买。
新概念英语第一册课文注释Lesson113~114
1 Fares, please!请买票!这是公共车辆售票员用语。
2 Trafalgar Square，特拉法加广场，位于伦敦市区。
3 I've got no small change，我没有一点零钱。no+名词表示所指的东西全然没有，以上这句话比“I haven't got any small change.”更强调没有任何一点零钱。
4 I've got none.这里是指零钱(不可数名词)。none也可与可数名词连用，如none of our passengers can change this note.
5 Neither can I.
当有人说了一句否定意义的话，其否定的内容也适于你或另外的人或事物时，可以采用这种简略的句式。注意这种简略句式中主语和动词(包括be)的顺序。
6 get off the bus 下车
7 So have I.
当有人说了一句肯定意义的话，其肯定的内容也适于你或另外的人或事物时，可以采用这种简略的句式。注意这种简略句式中主语和动词(包括be)的顺序。
新概念英语第一册课文注释Lesson115~116
1 Isn't there anyone at home?家里没人吗?在英语中，由some, any, no, every与-one, -thing组成的复合词，起代词作用，常被称为不定代词，这是因为我们常常不清楚其所指的是谁或什么。
2 nice and…
用于形容词或副词前以加强语气。一般表示褒义，但有时也用于贬义。
3 There' s none left 一点儿都没剩下。
句中的left是个过去分词，用来修饰none。
新概念英语第一册Lesson1-6课文注释 新概念英语第一册Lesson1-2课文注释 1.Excuse me!这是常用于表示道歉的客套话，相当于汉语中的"劳驾"、"对不起"。当 我们要引起别人的注意、要打搅别人或打断别人的话时，通常都可使用这一表达方式。 在课文中，男士为了吸引女士的注意而使用了这句客套话。它也可用在下列场合：向陌生人问路，借用他人的电话，从别人身边挤过，在宴席或会议中途要离开一会儿等等。 2.Yes?什么事? 课文中的 Yes?应用升调朗读，意为："什么事?"Yes?以升调表示某种不肯定或询问之意，也含有请对方说下去的意思。 3.Pardon?对不起，请再说一遍。 当我们没听清或没理解对方的话并希望对方能重复一遍时，就可以使用这一表达方式。较为正式的说法是： I beg your pardon. I beg your pardon?
Pardon me. 它们在汉语中的意思相当于"对不起，请再说一遍"或者"对不起，请再说一遍好吗?" 4.Thank you very much.非常感谢! 这是一句表示感谢的用语，意为"非常感谢(你)"。请看下列类似的表达式，并注意其语气上的差异： Thank you. 谢谢(你)。 Thanks! 谢谢! Many thanks. Thanks a lot. Thanks very much.
<口>非常感谢。 5.数字1～10的英文写法 1-one 2-two 3-three 4-four 5-five 6-six 7-seven 8-eight 9-nine 10-ten 新概念英语第一册Lesson3-4课文注释 1. My coat and my umbrella please.请把我的大衣和伞伞给我。 这是一个省略形式的祈使句，完整的句子应为: Give me my coat and my umbrella，please. 口语中，在语境明确的情况下通常可省略动词和间接宾语，如: (Show me your)Ticket，please. 请出示你的票。
Lesson 1 Excuse me! 对不起! Listen to the tape then answer this question. Whose handbag is it? 听录音,然后回答问题,这是谁的手袋? Excuse me! Yes? Is this your handbag? Pardon? Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Thank you very much. New Word and expressions 生词和短语 excuse v. 原谅 me pron. 我(宾格) yes
adv. 是的 is v. be 动词现在时第三人称单数 this pron.这 your possessive adjective 你的,你们的handbag n. (女用)手提包 pardon int. 原谅,请再说一遍 it pron.它 thank you 感谢你(们) very much 非常地
参考译文 对不起 什么事? 这是您的手提包吗? 对不起,请再说一遍。 这是您的手提包吗? 是的,是我的。非常 感谢! Lesson 3 Sorry, sir. 对不起,先生。 Listen to the tape then answer this question. 听录音,然后回答问题。这位男士有没有要回他的雨伞? My coat and my umbrella please. Here is my ticket. Thank you, sir. Number five. Here's your umbrella and your coat.
Lesson 1 A private conversation 私人谈话 Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. 'I can't hear a word!' I said angrily. ' It's none of your business,' the young man said rudely. 'This is a private conversation!'. Lesson 2 Breakfast or lunch? 早餐还是午餐？ It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunch time. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 'What a day!' I thought. 'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy.' I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.' 'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said. 'What are you doing ?' she asked. ' I'm having breakfast,' I repeated.
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Lesson1 We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only way that they can preserve their history is to recount it as sagas--legends handed down from one generation of story-tellers to another. These legends are useful because they can tell us something about migrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesian peoples now living in the Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these people explain that some of them came from Indonesia about 2,000 years ago. But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that even their sagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from.
新概念英语第一册Lesson75~76课文注释 1 like these 是介词短语作定语，修饰 shoes。意思是“像这样的鞋子”。 2 We don't have any. any 后面省略了black shoes。 3 ago放在表示时间长度的短语的后面，常与表示一般过去时的动词连用。如 a month ago(一个月之前)。 4 in fashion, 流行的，时髦的。 5 I'm afraid…我恐怕……。 新概念英语第一册Lesson77~78课文注释 1 Can't the dentist see me now? 这是情态动词的否定疑问句，表示请求。 2 a.m.,“上午”，p. m. 是指“下午”。10a.m.,上午10点，2p.m., 下午两点。 新概念英语第一册Lesson79~80课文注释 1 make a shopping list, 写一张采购物品的单子。 2 a lot of 当“许多”讲，既可用在可数名词前，又能用在不可数名词前，一般用于肯定句。 3 We haven't got any meat at all. 我们一点肉也没有了。 at all 这个词组用在否定句中，表示“丝毫”、“一点”、“根本”的意思，有强调作用。 have got 与have(“有”)同义。 4 many 和 much 均可译成“许多”，但用法不同： many 主要用于疑问句和否定句中，放在可数名词之前，如 many tomatoes; much 用于疑问句和否定句中，放在不可数名词之前，如 much tea, much money。 新概念英语第一册Lesson81~82课文注释
新概念英语第1册课文详注Lesson33~38 【导语】新概念英语一共144课。整本书无论是语法还是词汇，题材还是语句，都有其出彩之处。正是因为如此，新概念英语更是经久不衰，深受广大英语学习者的喜爱。小编为您整理了“新概念英语第1册课文详注Lesson33~38”，希望可以帮助到您！ 新概念英语第1册课文详注Lesson33~34 1.It is a fine day today.今天天气好。 句中的it是指天气。又如： Is it cold today? 今天冷吗? No, it isn't. 不，不冷。 2.some clouds，几朵云。 some既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。如：some tables一些椅子(可数名词)，some milk一些牛奶(不可数名词)。 3.There are some clouds in the sky, but the sun is shining.天空中飘着几朵云，但阳光灿烂。 这句是并列句，由两个分句构成，连词but表明分句之间存在着对比及转折关系。两分句之间大多要用逗号，有时可不用逗号。 4.Mr. Jones is with his family.琼斯先生同他的家人在一起。 句中with是介词，表示"和……一起"。family是指"家里的人"或"家庭成员"。 5.They are walking over the bridge.他们正在过桥。 句中的over有"穿过"的意思。又如： The aeroplane is flying over the river. 飞机正在河上飞过。
The birds are flying over the house. 鸟儿在屋上飞过。 over还可表不"在……上方"(不接触表面)，如： The sky is over our heads. 天空在我们头顶上。 6.There are some boats on the river. 河上有几艘船。 句中on意为"在……上面"(接触表面)。又如： There is a book on the table. 桌上有一本书。 7.The ship is going under the bridge. 那船正从桥下驶过。 句中under意为"在……下面(或下方)"。如： There is a dog under the tree. 树下有只狗。 ship一般指海洋中行驶的大船。boat一词指河中行驶的小船。另外：飞机(正式用语)aeroplane(英)/airplane(美);飞机(非正式用语) plane。 新概念英语第1册课文详注Lesson35~36 1.This is a photograph of our village.这是我们村庄的一张照片。 句中of是介词，表示"……的"。又如： the windows of a room 房间的窗户 2.It is between two hills. 我们的村庄坐落在一个山谷之中。 句中It指village。between是介词，表示"在……(两者)之间"。又如： The man is standing between two policemen.
新概念英语第2册课文 1 A private conversation私人谈话 Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. 'I can't hear a word!' I said angrily. 'It's none of your business,' the young man said rudely. 'This is a private conversation!' 上星期我去看戏。我的座位很好。发挥是很有趣的。我不喜欢它。一青年男子与一年轻女子坐在我的身后。他们在大声地说话。我很生气。我听不见演员。我转过身。我看着那个男人和女人生气。他们没有注意。最后，我忍不住了。我又一次转过身去。”我不能听到一个字！”我愤怒地说。”这不关你的事，”那男的毫不客气地说。”这是私人间的谈话！” 2 Breakfast or lunch?早餐还是午餐？ It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 'What a day!' I thought. 'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. 'I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.' 'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said. 'What are you doing?' she asked. 'I'm having breakfast,' I repeated. 'Dear me,' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!' 它是星期日。在星期天我是从来不早起。有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候。上周日我起床很晚。我看着窗外。它是黑暗的外面。”多好的一天！”我的思想。”又下雨了。”正在这时，电话铃响了。是我姑母露西打来的。”我刚下火车，”她说。”我来看你。”“但我还在吃早饭，”我说。”你干什么呢。她问。”我正在吃早饭，”我又说了一遍。”我亲爱的，”她说。”你总是起得这么晚吗？现在已经一点了！”
NEW CONCEPT ENGLISH (IV) (new version) 2 Lesson 1 Finding Fossil man We can read of things that happened 5,000 years ago in the Near East, where people first learned to write. But there are some parts of the world where even now people cannot write. The only w ay that they can preserve their history is torecount it as sagas--legends handed down from one generation of story-tellersto another. These legends are useful because they can tell us somethin g aboutmigrations of people who lived long ago, but none could write down what they did. Anthropologists wondered where the remote ancestors of the Polynesianpeoples now living in th e Pacific Islands came from. The sagas of these peopleexplain that some of them came from Indo nesia about 2,000 years ago.But the first people who were like ourselves lived so long ago that ev en theirsagas, if they had any, are forgotten. So archaeologists have neither history nor legends to help them to find out where the first 'modern men' came from.Fortunately, however, ancient me n made tools of stone, especially flint, becausethis is easier to shape than other kinds. They may also have used woodand skins, but these have rotted away. Stone does not decay, and so the tool s oflong ago have remained when even the bones of the men who made them have disappeared without trace. 3 Lesson 2 Spare that spider Why, you may wonder, should spiders be our friends ? Because they destroy somany insects, and insects include some of the greatest enemies of the humanrace. Insects would make it impossible for us to live in the world; they woulddevour all our crops and kill our flocks and herds, if it were not for the protectionwe get from insect-eating animals. We owe a lot to the birds and beasts wh o eat insects but all of them put together kill only a fraction of the number destroyed by spiders. Moreover, unlike some of the other insect eaters, spiders never dothe least harm to us or our bel ongings.Spiders are not insects, as many people think, nor even nearly related to them.One can t ell the difference almost at a glance for a spider always has eight legsand an insect never more th an six.How many spiders are engaged in this work on our behalf ? One authority on spiders made a census of the spiders in a grass field in the south of England, andhe estimated that there were more than 2,250,000 in one acre, that is something like 6,000,000 spiders of different kinds on a f ootball pitch. Spiders are busy for at least half the year in killing insects. It is impossible to make more than the wildest guess at how many they kill, but they are hungry creatures, not content wi th only three meals a day. It has been estimated that the weight of all the insects destroyed by spi ders in Britain in one year would be greater than the total weight of all the human beings in the c ountry.T. H. GILLESPIE Spare that Spider from The Listene Lesson 3 Matterhorn man Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them goodsport, and the more
新概念英语第一册Lesson1-2课文注释 1.Excuse me!这是常用于表示道歉的客套话，相当于汉语中的"劳驾"、"对不起"。当我们要引起别人的注意、要打搅别人或打断别人的话时，通常都可使用这一表达方式。在课文中，男士为了吸引女士的注意而使用了这句客套话。它也可用在下列场合：向陌生人问路，借用他人的电话，从别人身边挤过，在宴席或会议中途要离开一会儿等等。 2.Yes?什么事? 课文中的 Yes?应用升调朗读，意为："什么事?"Yes?以升调表示某种不肯定或询问之意，也含有请对方说下去的意思。 3.Pardon?对不起，请再说一遍。 当我们没听清或没理解对方的话并希望对方能重复一遍时，就可以使用这一表达方式。较为正式的说法是： I beg your pardon. I beg your pardon? Pardon me. 它们在汉语中的意思相当于"对不起，请再说一遍"或者"对不起，请再说一遍好吗?" 4.Thank you very much.非常感谢! 这是一句表示感谢的用语，意为"非常感谢(你)"。请看下列类似的表达式，并注意其语气上的差异： Thank you. 谢谢(你)。 Thanks! 谢谢! Many thanks. Thanks a lot.
Thanks very much. <口>非常感谢。 5.数字1～10的英文写法 1-one 2-two 3-three 4-four 5-five 6-six 7-seven 8-eight 9-nine 10-ten 新概念英语第一册Lesson3-4课文注释 1. My coat and my umbrella please.请把我的大衣和伞伞给我。 这是一个省略形式的祈使句，完整的句子应为: Give me my coat and my umbrella，please. 口语中，在语境明确的情况下通常可省略动词和间接宾语，如: (Show me your)Ticket，please. 请出示你的票。 (Show me your)Passport，please. 请出示您的护照。 2.Here's your umbrella and your coat. 这是您的伞和大衣。 Here's 是 Here is的缩略形式。全句原为：Here is your umbrella and your coat.缩略形式和非缩略形式在英语的书面用语和口语中均有，但非缩略形式常用于比较正式的场合。Here's…是一种习惯用法，句中采用了倒装句式，即系动词提到了主语之前。又如 Here is my ticket 这句话用正常的语序时为 My ticket is here。 3.Sorry=I'm sorry。 这是口语中的缩略形式，通常在社交场合中用于表示对他人的歉意或某种程度的遗憾。 Sorry 和 Excuse me 虽在汉语中都可作"对不起"讲，但 sorry 常用于对自己所犯过失表示道歉，而 Excuse me 则多为表示轻微歉意的客套语。
Lesson 1: Excuse me! Excuse me! [劳驾，请问，对不起] Yes? Is this your handbag? [handbag的发音，当两个爆破音连在一起时前一个失去爆破，故读作：han(d)bag] Pardon? [请原谅，请再说一遍。完整句型：I beg your pardon？] Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Thank you very much. [亦可用Thank you或Thanks，表示强调时用Thanks a lot] 笔记： 1、excuse 1）v. 原谅。eg. Excuse me. 请原谅，劳驾。 2）n. 借口。eg. It‘s an excuse. 那是一个借口 2、me pron. 我（宾格） eg. He loves me. 他爱我。 eg. She cheats me. 她骗我。 eg. Please tell me. 请告诉我。 3、Excuse me的用法。打搅别人时，常被译作“劳驾” 1）为了要引起别人的注意 eg. Excuse me, Is this your handbag? 2) 要打扰某人或要打断别人的话 Eg. Excuse me. May I ask you a question?
3) 向陌生人问路 Eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station? 劳驾，请问去火车站的路怎么走呢？ 4) 向某人借东西 Eg. Excuse me. Can I borrow your pen? 打扰下，可不可以接你的钢笔用下啊？ 5）需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路 Eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me? 劳驾，借过下一下。 6）要求在宴会或会议中途中离开一会儿 Eg. Excuse me. May I leave for a little while? 对比起，我离开一下。 4、sorry 用于当你做错事而向别人道歉的时候，表示“对不起” 1）请问几点了？ Eg. Excuse me. What time is it? 2) 不小心把水弄到了别人身上。 Eg. Sorry. 或者I‘m sorry！ 3）对不起，我先失陪一下 Eg. Excuse me. 4) 误解了别人的意思 Eg. Sorry. 5、Yes 1) adv. 是的（对一般疑问句的肯定回答） Eg. Are you mad? 你疯了吗？ ----- Yes, I am. 是的，我疯了
新概念英语第四册第二十单元课文原文 Lesson 20 Snake poison 蛇毒How it came about that snakes manufactured poison is a mystery. Over the periods their saliva, a mild, digestive juice like our own, was converted into a poison that defies analysis even today. It was not forced upon them by the survival competition; they could have caught and lived on prey without using poison just as the thousands of non-poisonous snakes still do. Poison to a snake is merely a luxury; it enables it to get its food with very little effort, no more effort than one bite. And why only snakes ? Cats, for instance, would be greatly helped; no running rights with large, fierce rats or tussles with grown rabbits just a bite and no more effort needed. In fact it would be an assistance to all the carnivorae--though it would be a two-edged weapon -When they fought each other. But, of the vertebrates, unpredictable Nature selected only snakes (and one lizard). One wonders also why Nature, with some snakes concocted poison of such extreme potency. In the conversion of saliva into poison one might suppose that a fixed process took place. It did not; some
新概念英语第一册 Lesson1: Excuse me! Excuse me! Yes? Is this your handbag? Pardon? Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Thank you very much. Lesson 3:Sorry sir. My coat and my umbrella please. Here is my ticket. Thank you sir. Number five. Here is your umbrella and your coat. This is not my umbrella. Sorry sir. Is this your umbrella? No, it isn't. Is this it? Yes, it is. Thank you very much. Lesson 5: Nice to meet you. Good morning. Good morning, Mr. Blake. This is Miss Sophie Dupont. Sophie is a new student. She is a French. Sophie, this is Hans. He is German. Nice to meet you. And this is Naoko. She’ｓJapanese. Nice to meet you. And this is Chang-woo. He’s Korean. Nice to meet you. And this is Luming. He’s Chinese. Nice to meet you. And this is Xiaohui. She’s Chinese, too. Nice to meet you.
Lesson 1 Excuse me! Excuse me! Yes? Is this your handbag? Pardon? Is this your handbag? Yes, it is. Thank you very much. Lesson 3 Sorry, sir. My coat and my umbrella please. Here is my ticket. Thank you, sir. Number five. Here's your umbrella and your coat. This is not my umbrella. Sorry sir. Is this your umbrella? No, it isn't. Is this it? Yes, it is. Thank you very much. Lesson 5 Nice to meet you : Good morning. STUDENTS: Good morning, Mr. Blake. MR. BLAKE: This is Miss Sophie Dupont. Sophie is a new is French. MR. BLAKE: Sophie, this is is German. HANS: Nice to meet you. MR. BLAKE: And this is 's Japanese. NAOKO: Nice to meet you. MR. BLAKE: And this is 's Korean. CHANG-WOO: Nice to meet you. MR. BLAKE: And this is is Chinese. LUMNG: Nice to meet you. MR. BLAKE: And this is 's Chinese, too. XIAOHUI: Nice to meet you. Lesson 7 Are you a teacher? ROBERT: I am a new name's Robert. SOPHIE: Nice to meet you. My name's Sophie. ROBERT: Are you French? SOPHIE: Yes, I am. SOPHIE: Are you French too? ROBERT: No, I am not. SOPHIE: What nationality are you? ROBERT: I'm Italian. ROBERT: Are you a teacher? SOPHIE: No, I'm not. ROBERT: What's your job? SOPHIE: I'm a keyboard operator. SOPHIE: What's your job? ROBERT: I'm an engineer. Lesson 9 How are you today? STEVEN: Hello, Helen. HELEN: Hi, Steven. STEVEN: How are you today? HELEN: I'm very well, thank you. And you? STEVEN: I'm fine, thanks. STEVEN: How is Tony? HELEN: He's fine, thanks. How's Emma? STEVEN: She's very well, too, Helen. STEVEN: Goodbye, to see you. HELEN: Nice to see you, too, Steven. Goodbye. Lesson 11 Is this your shirt? HEACHER：Whose shirt is that? HEACHER：Is this your shirt, Dave? DAVE: No. Sir. It's not my shirt. DAVE: This is my shirt. My shirt's blue. TEACHER: Is this shirt Tim's? DAVE: Perhaps it is, 's shirt's white. HEACHER：Tim! TIM: Yes, sir? HEACHER：Is this your shirt? TIM: Yes, sir. HEACHER：Here you are. Catch! TIM: Thank you, sir. Lesson 13 A new dress LOUISE: What colour's your new dress? ANNA: It's green. ANNA: Come upstairs and see it. LOUISE: Thank you. ANNA: Look!Here it is! LOUISE: That's nice 's very smart. ANNA: My hat's new, too. LOUISE: What colour is it? ANNA: It's the same 's green, too. LOUISE: That is a lovely hat! Lesson 15 Your passports, please. CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are you Swedish? GIRLS: No, we are are Danish. CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are your friends Danish, too? GIRLS: No, they aren't. They are Norwegian. CUSTOMS OFFICER: Your passports, please. GIRLS: Here they are. CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are these your cases? GIRLS: No, they aren't. GIRLS: Our cases are brown. Here they are. CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are you tourists? GIRLS: Yes, we are. CUSTOMS OFFICER: Are your friends tourists too? GIRLS: Yes, they are. CUSTOMS OFFICER: That's fine. GIRLS: Thank you very much. 1
新概念英语第四册课文：Lesson4 【课文】 First listen and then answer the following question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 How did Vera discover she had this gift of second sight? Several cases have been reported in Russia recently of people who can read and detect colours with their fingers, and even see through solid doors and walls. One case concerns an eleven-year-old schoolgirl, Vera Petrova, who has normal vision but who can also perceive things with different parts of her skin, and through solid walls. This ability was first noticed by her father. One day she came into his office and happened to put her hands on the door of a locked safe. Suddenly she asked her father why he kept so many old newspapers locked away there, and even described the way they were done up in bundles. Vera's curious talent was brought to the notice of a scientific research institute in the town of Ulyanovsk, near where she lives, and in April she was given a series of tests by a special commission of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federal Republic. During these tests she was able to read a newspaper through an opaque screen and, stranger still, by moving her elbow over a child's game of Lotto she was able to describe the figures and colours printed on it; and, in another instance, wearing stockings and slippers, to make out with her foot the outlines and colours of a picture hidden under a carpet. Other experiments showed that her knees and