独立主格结构讲解及练
习题
Revised by Petrel at 2021
独立主格结构讲解及练习题作者：1文章来源：网络点击数：6217更新时间：2013-05-1811:55:28
我们知道，“V—ing或—ed形式”短语作状语时，其实就是状语从句在主从句主语一致的情况下省略的结果。所以通常情况下，“V—ing或—ed形式”作状语时其逻辑主语是和主句的主语一致的。在前后主语不一致的情况下，我们通常采用“V—ing或—ed形式”短语前加上其逻辑主语一起构成主句的状语部分，因此我们就把自带逻辑主语的“V—ing或—ed形式”结构叫做“独立主格结构”。
事实上，在英语中，“独立主格结构”还可以由“逻辑主语+不定式、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语等”构成，其功能相当于“with复合结构”或“非限制性定语从句”。独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
下面本人就从句型转化的角度解读“独立主格结构”的“独立”之处。
1.与状语从句的转化
1).Alltheworkfinished,hesatdownforacoffee.
【=Whenalltheworkwasfinished,hesatdownfora coffee.】
2).Weatherpermitting,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.
【=Ifweatherpermits,wewillgoswimmingtomorrow.】
3).Theboybeinglate,histeacherwasveryangry.
【=Astheboywaslate,histeacherwasveryangry.】
4)Everythingtakenintoconsideration,theeventwasagreatevent.
【=Whene very thingtakenintoconsideration,theeventwasa great event.】
5)Therebeingsomethingmoreimportanttoattendto,hehadtocanceltheappointmentwithme.
【=Astherewassomethingmoreimportanttoattendto,hehadtocanceltheappointmentwithme.】
6).Thefloorwet,theystayedoutside.
【=Asthefloorwaswet,theystayedoutside.】
2.与with复合结构的转化
1).Alotofhomeworktodo,Ihavetostayhomeallday.
【=Withalotofhomeworktodo,Ihavetostayhomeallday.】
2）Thepresidententeredthemeetingroom,hissecretaryfollowinghim.
【=Thepresidententeredthemeetingroom,withhissecretaryfollowinghim.】
3).Thecrazyman,aguninhishand,wastryingtokillhiswife.
【=Thecrazyman,withagunin his hand,wastryingtokillhiswife.】
3.与非限制性定语从句的转化
1).Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecenthavingbeenlaunchedattheendoflastmon th.
【=Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecrafts,the most recentofwhichwaslaunchedattheendof last mo nth.】
2).Theoldfarmerraised10pigs,twoweighing200kg.
【=Theoldfarmerraised10pigs,twoofwhichweighed200kg.】
巩固联系
1.E very thing___intoconsideration,theyoughttohaveanotherchance.
A.totake
B.taken
C.tobetaken
D.taking
2.Anexpert___tohelpthemtomorrow,theyaresuretoworkoutthe problem.
A.willcome
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C.tocome
D.havingcome
3.Themeeting___over,hewenttopickup his sondirectly
A.tobe
B.is
C.was
D.being
4.---Theysatstillintheroom,___.
---Whydidtheydolikethat
A.drawingthecurtains?
B.withthecurtainsdrawn
C.withthecurtainsdrawing
D.havingthecurtainsdrawn
5.Thesun___,theycontinuedtheirway.
A.hasrisen
B.havingrisen
C.hasraised
D.havingraised
6.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,the most recent___attheendof last March.
A.hasbeenlaunched?
B.havingbeenlaunched
C.beinglaunched
D.tobelaunched
7.Herearetwovolumes,thethirdone____nextmonth.
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B.cameout
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D.tocomeout
8.Withhisson___,theoldmanfeltunhappy.
A.todisappoint?
B.tobedisappointing
C.disappointing
D.beingdisappointed
9.---Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.
---Sorry.Withsomuchwork___mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.
A.filled
B.filling
C.tofill
D.beingfilled 10．Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwith his work___,hegladlyacceptedit.
A.finished
B.finishing
C.havingfinished
D.wasfinished
11.___,I?hadtoaskfortwodays’leave.
A.Motherbeingill
B.Motherill
C.Asmotherwasill
D.A,BandC
12.Withsomanybooks___,Icouldn’tgotosurftheInternet.
A.toread
B.toberead
C.reading
D.read
13.Thethiefstoodbeforethepoliceman____admittingwhathehaddone.
A.withhisdroppinghead?
B.droppinghishead
C.raisinghishead
D.withhisheaddown
14.Winter___,itistimeto buy warmclothes.
A.hascomeon
B.iscomingon
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15.Theoldmanlayon his backatthecornerofthestreet,hiseyes___andhishands___.
A.close,tremble?
B.closed,trembling
C.closing,trembling
D.closed,trembled
16.Withnothing__toburn,thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.
A.leaving
B.leave
C.left
D.toleave
17.Itwasapitythatthe great writerdied___hisworksunfinished.
A.for
B.with
C.of
D.from
18.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwiththatnoise___on.
A.togo
B.went
C.going
D.goes
19.___twoexamstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardt his weekend.
A.Becauseof
B.With
C.Asfor
D.Besides
20.Tomcamehome,___.
A.adogfollowinghim?
B.adogfollowedhim
C.beingfollowedhim?
D.adogwasfollowedhim
参考答案：
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