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中考英语数词考点

数词：表示数目多少或者顺序先后的词叫数词，它有两种形式：

表示数目多少的叫基数词。例如：one一，two二，three三，four四。

表示顺序先后的词叫序数词。例如：first第一，second第二，third第三，

fourth第四，fifth第五。

中考对数词的要求是：基数词表示数目和号码的用法;基数词表示年级、班级、房间和编号的用法;hundred，thousand，million和billion的用法;序数词表示次序的用法;分数的表达方式及用法;定冠词the和序数词连用知识点等。

1.基数词：

A. 基数词的构成：

(1) 1-12的基数词是：one 1，two 2，three 3, four 4，five 5, six 6, seven 7,

eight 8,nine 9, ten 10, eleven 11, twelve 12。

(2) 13-19的基数词：分别在3-9的基数词后加词缀-teen，但要注意几个特殊变化的基数词： 13-thirteen，15-fifteen，18-eighteen。

(3) 20-90的逢十的基数词：分别在2-9的基数词后加-ty构成，即：

20-twenty，30-thirty，40-forty，50-fifty，60-sixty，70-seventy，80-eighty，90-ninety。(注意20，30，40，50，80拼写的特殊变化。)

(4) 21-29的基数词：由十位数20的单词形式twenty加个位数1-9构成。中间用连字符。即： 21-twenty-one，22-twenty-two，23-twenty-three，24-twenty-four，25-twenty-five， 26-twenty-six，27-twenty-seven，28-twenty-eight，29-twenty-nine。其他的十位数照此类推。

(5) 百位数是由1-9加hundred构成。例如：200-two hundred。有百位数、十位数和个位数的三位数，百位数和十位数之间用and连接。例如：127-one hundred and twenty-seven。

(6) 千位数是由1-9加thousand构成，后面的百位数、十位数和个位数与前面的构成方法一样。

例如：3000-three thousand。1,149-one thousand one hundred and forty-nine。英语没有“万”这个单位。10,000-ten thousand。十万用one hundred thousand，但有百万这个单位million。

B. 基数词应用的几点注意事项：

(1) 基数词可以用来表示年级、班级、房间号码、电话号码和编号。并且单词开头字母要大写。例如：

I am in Class Five, Grade Nine. 我在九年级五班。

Tomorrow we are going to learn Lesson Five. 明天我们将要学习第五课。

(2) 基数词作为数字在句子中作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

例如：In the western countries, people think thirteen is unlucky number.

在西方国家，人们认为13是一个不吉利的数字。

但是代表可数名词的复数形式时要用复数，例如：

Two of them are from America. 他们中有两人是从美国来的。(Two = Two people) (3) 基数词的单位hundred，thousand，million和billion等用来表示具体数目，前面有具体的基数词时，这些词的后面不加-s。

例如：

There are ten hundred students in our school. 我们学校有1000名学生。

但是当hundred，thousand，million和billion等用来表示不具体的数目时用“hundreds/ thousands/millions/ billions of +名词”来表示，这些词的前面也不用具体的基数词。

例如：

We have already planted thousands of trees on the farm. 我们在农场里已经种植了成千上万棵树。

2. 序数词：

A. 序数词的构成：

(1) 1-19的序数词除了第一(first)，第二(second)和第三(third)之外，其他的序数词是由基数词加后缀-th构成的。例如：第四-fourth，第六-sixth，第七-seventh等。注意几个序数词的特殊变化：fifth 第五，eighth 第八，ninth 第九，twelfth 第十二。

(2) 逢十的序数词的构成方法是：先将“几十”的基数词的词尾-ty变为-ti再加eth。例如：第20-twentieth，第30-thirtieth，第40-fortieth。

(3) 两位数的序数词如果包含1-9的个位数，十位数用基数词，个位数用序数词。例如：第21-twenty-first，第34-thirty-fourth。

(4) 百、千、万的序数词有hundred-hundredth，thousand-thousandth。

B. 序数词的用法：

(1) 序数词在句子中主要作定语，有时也可以用作主语、宾语和表语。

例如：The sixth man went forward to feel the elephant. 第六个人走上前去摸象。

I think the first is better than the second. 我认为第一个比第二个好。

My sister is the fourth in this exam. 我妹妹这次考试是第四名。

(2) 定冠词the和序数词连用表示顺序。不定冠词a/an和序数词连用表示“又一、再一”的意思。例如：

You are the second and I am the fourth. 你第二，我第四。(表示顺序)

Can you do it a third time? 你能再做一次吗?(已经做过两次了)

3. 分数表示法：分数是以基数词代表分子，序数词代表分母，除了分子是“1”的情况外，分母的序数词都要用复数。

a half 1/2 one third 1/3 two thirds 2/3 a (one) quarter 或one fourth 1/4

分数在句子中作主语的时候，谓语动词的单、复数形式由of后面的名词来决定。

如果of后面的名词是可数名词的复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式;

如果of后面的名词是不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。

例如：

It is said that two thirds of information on the Internet is not true.

据说互联网上三分之二的信息是不真实的。

Two fifths of the students in my class are from the village. 我们班五分之二的学生来自那个村子。

4. 年、月、日、时的表示法

(1) 年代

890 eight hundred and ninety 1984 nineteen eighty-four

2000 two thousand2009 two thousand and nine

1990’s (1990s) nineteen nineties 二十世纪九十年代

二、中考考点梳理

1．基数词在句中的作用

基数词的作用相当于名词和形容词，它在句子中可充当主语，宾语，表语和定语。

2. 序数词用来表示数词顺序。除特殊情况外，序数词一般都由相应的基数词加后缀-th构成。

序数词变化规律

1、2、3，单独记，(one--first, two-- second, three-- third)

th要从4加起，（four四--fourth, six六--sixth)

8少t, 9去e，(eight--eighth, nine--ninth)

ve用f来代替，(five--fifth, twelve -- twelfth)

y用ie来代替，(twenty --twentieth, thirty --thirtieth)

几十几和几百几，只变个位记心里。(twenty-one- twenty-first )

说明：

1)．英语中表示第一、第二、第三的序数词属特殊形式，要注意它们的拼写。

2)．表示“几十”的序数词通常是将基数词词尾y变成i再加上后缀-eth。

3)．其余的二位数序数词是以相应的整十基数词加个位序数词。如：fifty-first（第五十一）。

4)．少数序数词拼法不规则，如：fifth（第五），eighth（第八），ninth（第九），twelfth （第十二）等。

注意：

1)．序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。

例如：第一：(the) first=1 st 第二：(the) second=2 nd 第三：(the) third=3 rd 第五(the) fifth=5th 第九十七：(the) ninety-seventh=97th

第一百零一：(the) one hundred (and)first=101st

2)．编了号的事物要用基数词表示顺序，但是基数词要后置。

例如：第一课：Lesson One 第三十二页：Page 32

第305房间：Room 305 第12路公共汽车：Bus No.12

3.年、月、日和时间的表达法

1)．年份用基数词表达，分两位一读，年份前用介词in。

例如：1999 nineteen ninety-nine

2000 two thousand 2001 two thousand and one

2)．月份的第一个字母要大写，有些月份名称有缩写形式。

例如：一月January(Jan.), 二月February(Feb.), 三月March(Mar.), 四月（Apr.）,五月May, 六月June,七月July, 八月August(Aug.)，九月September(Sep.), 十月October(Oct.), 十一月November(Nov.),十二月December(Dec.)。

3)．日期的表达要用序数词，读时前面要加定冠词the,介词要使用on。

例如：在6月1日：on June 1 st 读作：on June the first.

年、月、日同时表达时，一般应先写月、日、后写年。例如：在2001年5月4日：on May 4 th, 2001。

4)．年代用基数词的复数表示。

例如：20世纪90年代：nineteen nineties 21世纪20年代：twenty twenties 4．分数的表达法

1）分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，分母用复数。

2）小数的读法：小数点前面的数按照基数词的读法，小数点后面的数按照数本身读，小数点读point。

例如：0.38 zero point three eight 96.89 ninety-six point eight nine

3)百分数，在数词后加percent。

例如：15%读作：fifteen percent 60%读作：sixty percent

7．表示语数

1）…几倍大小（长短，数量）=…几倍（或分数）+the size(length, amount)。

例如：The earth is forty-nine times the size of the moon. 地球是月球的49倍。2）…比…几倍=…倍数（或分数）+形容词（副词）比较级+than+被比部分。

例如：His house is three times bigger than mine. 他的房子比我的房子大三倍。3）…是…倍=…倍数（或分数）+as +形容词+as +被比部分。

例如：This factory is four times as big as that one. 这个工厂是那个工厂的四倍。8．表示约数

1）“多于”用more than或over。

例如：The street is over(more than) 500 metres long. 这条街有500多米长。2）“小于”用less than。

例如：Three are less than 30 people in the classroom. 教室里不到三十人。

3）“或…以上”用or more。

例如：The building can hold 5000 people or more. 那座建筑物可容纳5000人或5000人以上。

4）“或…以下”用or less。

例如：We can finish the work in two weeks or less. 我们可以在两周内或不到两周完成这件工作。

5）“大约”用about, around, nearly等。

例如：The box weighs about 50 pounds. 这箱子重约50镑。

6）“左右”用or so.

例如：In the past ten years or so, they have changed a lot. 在过去的十年里，他们改变了许多。

三、典例分类

1. There are 24 solar terms in a year. Grain Rain often starts in April, the _____ month of the year.

A. third

B. fourth

C. fifth

【答案】B考查序数词的用法。句意：一年有24个节气。谷雨通常从一年的第四个月四月开始。第四应用fourth，故选B。

2. We are preparing programs to celebrate our country’s ______ birthday.

A. seventy

B. Seventieth

C. seventeenth

【答案】B考查序数词的用法。句意：我们正在准备节目来庆祝我们祖国的70岁华诞。空格后面的名词是单数，用序数词作定语。选B。

3. ______ volunteers will be needed for 2020 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.

A. Two thousand of

B. Two thousands of

C. Thousand of

D. Thousands of 【答案】D考查数词的用法。句意：2020年北京冬奥会将会需要___志愿者。由语境可知，冬奥会将会需要成千上万的志愿者。此处的volunteers人数不固定，故应用概数词表达。thousands of意为“成千上万的；许许多多的”，是固定搭配，不能与具体数字连用。故选D项。

4. His mother took him to visit the Great Wall on his ________birthday.

A. nine

B. nineth

C. ninth

【答案】C考查序数词用法。句意：他的妈妈在他9岁的生日时带他去参观长城。根据句意可知，此处表示生日的顺序，故用序数词。nine的序数词形式是ninth，故答案为C项。

5. September is the _______ month of a year.

A. seventh

B. eighth

C. ninth

D. tenth

【答案】C考查数序词用法。九月是一年的第九个月份。故选C。

6._______ of the students in our class ______ going to summer camp in Beijing next week.

A.Two fifths, is

B.Second fifths, are

C.Second fifths, is

D.Two fifths, are

【答案】D考查分数的表达及主谓一致。句意：我们班五分之二的学生下周要去北京夏令营。英语中表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于一时，分母用序数词的复数形式。这里中心词是复数名词students，作主语时谓语用复数，故选D。

7. —Which month of the year do you like best?

—July, the _______ month, because summer vacation begins in this month.

A. seven

B. six

C. seventh

D. sixth

【答案】C考查数词。句意：——你最喜欢一年中的哪个月份？——七月，第七个月，因为暑假就是在这个月开始的。此处表示顺序，故用序数词。答案为C项。

8. There are ______ people in Dale’s family. They live on the _____ floor.

A. five; nine

B. fifth; nine

C. five; ninth

D. fifth; ninth

【答案】C考查基数词和序数词的用法。句意：Dale家有五口人，他们住在9楼。前半句表示数量的多少，因此用基数词，后半句表示住在第9层，还有通过关键词“the”可知这里用序数词。故选C。

9. Please pass me ______ book on the right.

A. four

B. Fourth

C. the four

D. the fourth

【答案】D考查数词辨析。句意：请把右边第四本书递给我。这里表达的是第四本，用序数词，序数词前一定要用定冠词the。故选D。

10. —We’ll celebrate the ______ National Day this year. —That’s really exciting.

A. seventy

B. Seventeen

C. seventieth

【答案】C考查数词辨析。句意：——今年我们将庆祝第七十个国庆节。——太激动人心了！结合常识，2019年是建国七十周年，结合空前的定冠词the可知要用seventy 的序数词。故选C。

A. twelfth; twelfth

B. twelve; twelfth

C. twelfth; twelve

【答案】B考查数词用法。句意：那栋公寓楼有十二层，格林先生住在第十二层。表示数量用基数词；表示第几层楼用序数词，故选B。

2. Every year, ________ books are given away to the poor children in the countryside.

A. thousand

B. thousands of

C. thousand of

【答案】B考查数词辨析。句意：每年，成千上万的书被分发给农村的贫困儿童。当thousand前有具体的数字时，表示确数，thousand后不加-s，其后也不用of；当thousand前没有具体数字时，表示约数，thousand后即加-s，也要加of。故选B。

3.On my ________ birthday, I got a new schoolbag as a gift from my parents.

A. nine

B. Ninth

C. the ninth

【答案】B考查数词用法。句意：在我九岁生日的时候，父母送我一个新书包做礼物。表示“在某人……岁生日”用on one’s 序数词birthday。故选B。

4. We gave away _______ books to the school library last year.

A. six thousands

B. six thousand

C. six thousands of

D.six thousand of

【答案】B考查数词。thousand与具体数字连用时，表示确数，后面不加s; 与of连用时，表示概数，词尾要加s，词前不加数字。故答案选B。

5. We are proud of our country. The year 2019 is her ______ birthday.

A. seventy

B. the seventy

C. the seventieth

D. seventieth

【答案】D考查数词辨析。句意：我们以我们的国家感到自豪，2019年是她的第70岁生日。由句意知，这里应用序数词表达“第……”，排除A、B；因空前有形容词性物主代词her，因此这里的序数词前的the应除掉。故选D。

6. Our country is nearly _______ years old. We’ll celebrate its ________ birthday on October 1, 2019 around the country.

A. seventy, seventy

B. seventy, seventieth

C. seventieth, seventy

D. seventieth, seventieth

【答案】B考查数词的用法。句意：我们国家（建国) 有70年了。我们全国上下将在2019年10月1日庆祝她第七十个生日。表示年龄要用基数词，表示第……个生日要用序数词。A项都是基数词，C项基数词和序数词误用，D项都是序数词。故选B。

7.Nowadays, ______ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ______ of them are adults.

A. the number of, four-fifths

B. a number of, four-fifth

C. a number of, four-fifths

D. the number of, four-five

【答案】C考查短语和分数的用法。句意：如今，许多人更喜欢华为手机，并且他们大约五分之四是成年人。a number of 许多；the number of ……的数量。four-fifths 五分之四。根据句意结合词义可知应选择C项。

8. There are ________ floors in the building. We live on __________ floor.

A. the ninth; the ninth

B. the ninth; nine

C. nine; the ninth

D.nine;nine

【答案】C考查基数词和序数词。句意：这栋楼有九层，我们住在第九层。第一个空表示楼共有九层，用基数词nine，第二个空表示我们住在第九层，需用序数词。故选C。

9. —Is Dongjin High-speed Railway Station the _______ largest in Hubei Province?—Yes, of course. It’s just a little smaller than the largest one in Wuhan.

A. first

B. second

C. third

D. fourth

【答案】B考查序数词词义辨析。first第一；second第二；third三；fourth第四。联系It’s just a little smaller than the largest one in Wuhan.它比武汉最大的那个高铁站小一点点。和“Yes, of course.”推知问句意为“东津高铁站是湖北省第二大高铁站吗？”故选B。

10. —_____How many books are there on the shelf?

—Well. I think there are_______books.

A. two hundred and forty-six

B. two hundreds and forty

C. two hundred fourteen

【答案】A考查基数词用法。句意：——书架上有多少本书？——嗯，我认为有246本书。hundred前有具体数字修饰时用单数，B项错误；百位数和十位数之间要用and 连接，C项错误；A项two hundred and forty-six ，百位数和十位数之间要用and 连，十位和个位有“-”连接，为246的正确表达方式，故选A。

典例分类

1. There are 24 solar terms in a year. Grain Rain often starts in April, the _____ month of the year.

A. third

B. fourth

C. fifth

2. We are preparing programs to celebrate our country’s ______ birthday.

A. seventy

B. Seventieth

C. seventeenth

3. ______ volunteers will be needed for 2020 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.

A. Two thousand of

B. Two thousands of

C. Thousand of

D. Thousands of

4. His mother took him to visit the Great Wall on his ________birthday.

A. nine

B. nineth

C. ninth

5. September is the _______ month of a year.

A. seventh

B. eighth

C. ninth

D. tenth

6._______ of the students in our class ______ going to summer camp in Beijing next week.

A.Two fifths, is

B.Second fifths, are

C.Second fifths, is

D.Two fifths, are

7. —Which month of the year do you like best?

—July, the _______ month, because summer vacation begins in this month.

A. seven

B. six

C. seventh

D. sixth

8. There are ______ people in Dale’s family. They live on the _____ floor.

A. five; nine

B. fifth; nine

C. five; ninth

D. fifth; ninth

9. Please pass me ______ book on the right.

A. four

B. Fourth

C. the four

D. the fourth

10. —We’ll celebrate the ______ National Day this year. —That’s really exciting.

A. seventy

B. Seventeen

C. seventieth

A. twelfth; twelfth

B. twelve; twelfth

C. twelfth; twelve

2. Every year, ________ books are given away to the poor children in the countryside.

A. thousand

B. thousands of

C. thousand of

3.On my ________ birthday, I got a new schoolbag as a gift from my parents.

A. nine

B. Ninth

C. the ninth

4. We gave away _______ books to the school library last year.

A. six thousands

B. six thousand

C. six thousands of

D.six thousand of

5. We are proud of our country. The year 2019 is her ______ birthday.

A. seventy

B. the seventy

C. the seventieth

D. seventieth

6. Our country is nearly _______ years old. We’ll celebrate its ________ birthday on October 1, 2019 around the country.

A. seventy, seventy

B. seventy, seventieth

C. seventieth, seventy

D. seventieth, seventieth

7.Nowadays, ______ people like HUAWEI phones better, and about ______ of them are adults.

A. the number of, four-fifths

B. a number of, four-fifth

C. a number of, four-fifths

D. the number of, four-five

8. There are ________ floors in the building. We live on __________ floor.

A. the ninth; the ninth

B. the ninth; nine

C. nine; the ninth

D.nine;nine

9. —Is Dongjin High-speed Railway Station the _______ largest in Hubei Province?—Yes, of course. It’s just a little smaller than the largest one in Wuhan.

A. first

B. second

C. third

D. fourth

10. —_____How many books are there on the shelf?

—Well. I think there are_______books.

A. two hundred and forty-six

B. two hundreds and forty

C. two hundred fourteen

中考英语总复习数词专项练习

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