河南大学大学外语教学部教案
河南大学大学外语教学部教案
I.Free-talk activity.
II. Explain the target words and expressions.
A. Lead the students to read the text or let the students read new words after CD-ROM.
B. Explain some useful words.
1. satisfactory a. good enough to be pleasing, or for a purpose, rule, standard, etc. 令人满意的
This method of heating is not satisfactory for large buildings.
这一取暖办法用于大型建筑物并不令人满意。
The design of the kitchen is satisfactory: the refrigerator is not next to
the stove and there is enough space.
厨房的设计令人满意，冰箱不靠近炉灶，而且空间很大。
2. flash vi.1) (of an idea) to come suddenly 突然产生（想法、灵感）
The idea flashed into his mind. 他突然想到了这个主意。
Then it flashed upon me that she was his wife. 我突然想到她是他
的妻子。
2) move very fast 飞驰，掠过
The days seem to flash by. 光阴似箭。
flash in the pan 昙花一现
3. glow vi. 1) produce light and heat without fire 发光，发热
Colored lights glowed on the celebration night. 节日之夜灯火辉煌。
2) show strong or warm color 呈现鲜艳的颜色
Maple leaves glowed red in the sunlight.枫叶在阳光下闪耀着红光。
The sunset glowed with color. 日落时天空中呈现出耀眼的色彩。4. personality n. 1) a person who is well-known to the public 名人
television personalities 电视名星
2) the quality or condition of being a person人的品质或条件
Though their personalities were different, they got along as
friends.
虽然他们性格迥异，但却能友好相处。
5. intensify v. make or become stronger 增强，加强
The press has intensified its examination of the political official's
background.
新闻界已加强了对那个政客背景的调查。
The search intensified as dusk approached. 随着黄昏将至，搜寻加
强了。
6. genius n. 1) [C] a person of exceptional natural ability天才
"One is not born a genius; one becomes a genius." (Simone de
Beauvoir)
"天才不是天生的，而是后天造就的"。(西蒙娜·德·比弗)
He was a genius in both science and art.
他在科学和艺术两方面都是天才。
2)[U] strong natural ability天赋
There's genius in the way this was painted.
这幅画能画成这样真是天才。
7. compose v. create or produce (a written or musical piece) 创作（文学或音乐）
He teaches music and also composes. 他教音乐，并且作曲。
composing a poem /a speech 写一首诗/一篇演讲稿
Cf : be composed of be made up of consist of constitute
8. occupy vt. 1) engage, employ, or busy (oneself) 把注意力集中于......
I am fully occupied with my daily work. 我每天都忙于日常的工
作。
He was occupied in writing letters. 他忙着写信。
2) fill up (time or space) 占用（时间或空间）
a lecture that occupied three hours
The enemy occupied the town.敌人占据了这个城镇。
9. recognize vt. 1) realize or be aware that sth. exists or is true 注意到，认识到
Many fail to recognize that all these things are in danger of being
refused.
许多人没有看到这一切正处于失去的危险之中。
No one recognizes the difficulty of the mission. 没有人注意到这项
使命的艰巨性。
2) identify as previously known; know sth. or sb. 认出
I recognized Peter although I hadn't seen him for 10 years.
虽然我有10年没看到彼得了，但我认出了他。
10. contrast n. (with, between) unlikeness or difference shown by comparing objects or people
对照, (对照中的)差异
This appears big in contrast with that. 同那个相比，这个显得很
大。
The contrast between the two ideas is sharp. 这两种想法的差异很
明显。
11. combination n. something that results from two or more things, (esp. chemicals) being combined 结合, 合并;【化】化合物
His nature is a combination of strength and kindness. 他的性格柔中寓刚。combine vt. combine theory with practice 使理论与实践相结合
combine hydrogen with oxygen 使氢氧化合
combine western medicine with CTM (Chinese Traditional Medicine中西医结合) 12. surge vi. move (as if) in waves 汹涌
The waves surged against the shore. 波浪汹涌拍岸。
Anger surged (up) within him.他火冒三丈。
The crowd surged out of the stadium. 人群涌出体育场。
13. observe vt. 1) see and notice sth. or sb.; to watch sth. or sb. carefully观察
They were observed entering the bank. 有人看到他们进入银行。
observe the path of the moon 观测月球的轨道
2) to adhere to or abide by: 遵守或服从
observe the terms of a contract.遵守合同的条款
observe the discipline or law 遵纪守法
14. exemplify vt. show by example 例示, 作为......例子
The recent oil price rises exemplify the difficulties which the motor
industry is now facing.最近的石油涨价是汽车工业正面临困难的
一个例证。
The teacher exemplified the meaning of the word. 老师举例解释
了这个词的用法。
The room's style exemplifies his ideal of beauty and plainness.
这房间的风格说明了他对美与质朴的憧憬。
15. source n. a place from which sth. comes or is acquired 源泉，来源
Bad food is a source of illness. 变质的食物是得病的原因。
the source of knowledge 知识的源泉
Cf: source resource origin
16. responsible a. 1) being the cause of sth. 是......的原因
Smoking is responsible for his lung cancer.
Who is responsible for breaking the window? 是谁把镜子打破了?
2) having the duty of looking after sb. or sth., so that one can be
blamed if things go wrong
需负责任的，承担责任的
The police are responsible for keeping public order and safety.
警察有维持公共秩序和保障安全的责任。
17. organize vt. put together into a well planned, sequenced whole 组织起来
to organize one's thoughts before speaking 说话之前先理清思路
They organized workers into a labor group. 他们把工人组织成了
一个劳工组织。
III. 1. Try to remember new words;
2. Preview the text of Section A;
3. Topic “My View on Bright Ideas”.
Section ＡBirth of Bright Ideas
I. Text Structure Analysis
Part I (Para. 1-3) main idea: Creative thoughts depend on what was unknown
becoming known. This is easily seen in the famous
creative people.
Part II (Para. 4-6) main idea: The author presents three different ways of forming big ideas.
Part III (Para. 7) main idea: In creative thought the unconscious is responsible for
the production of new organized forms from relatively
disorganized elements.
II. Explanation of the Text
1. No satisfactory way exists to explain how to form a good idea. (Para. 1) Meaning: There is not a way good enough to explain how to find or develop a good idea.
form a good idea: begin to have an idea and develop it
We can say "to form an idea, an opinion, a judgment, a plan or even a personality". He found it hard to form an original opinion. 他觉得要有独到的见解并非易事。
I know them both well enough to form my own judgment.
我对他们都非常了解，足可以自己独立判断。
A plan began to form in his mind. 一个计划开始在他脑子里形成。
One of the most important tasks for a school is to help and promote forming a child's personality. 学校的一个重要任务就是要帮助和促进儿童个性的形成。
2. You think about a problem until you're tired, forget it, maybe sleep on it, and then flash! (Para. 1)
Meaning: You have been thinking about a problem until you are tired, forget it and leave it undecided and then suddenly some idea comes to your mind.
sleep on it: leave sth. undecided or unattended until later time
He will sleep on the matter and tell us the decision later.
他对此事要考虑一下，再把他的决定告诉我们。
flash: vi. 1. (of an idea) to come suddenly
These lines from Shakespeare just flashed into my mind.
我突然记起了莎士比亚的这几行诗句。
2. appear or pass suddenly
The car flashed by so quickly that I could not see the car number.
汽车飞驰而过，我根本看不到车牌号。
The policeman flashed his I. D. card at me, but I could not read his name.
警察只是向我亮了一下他的证件，可我根本看不清他的名字。
3.When you aren't thinking about it, suddenly the answer arrives as a gift from the gods. (Para. 1)
Meaning: When you are no longer thinking of the problem, then the answer to it comes to your mind unexpectedly as if something falls upon you from heavenly spirits.
a gift from the gods: an unearned, or unexpected, benefit that is greatly valued People say that all the years after 70 are gifts from the gods.
人们说70岁之后的寿数是上帝恩赐的。
4. Of course, all ideas don't occur like that but so many do, particularly the most important ones. (Para. 2)
Meaning: Not all ideas, of course, come as gifts as many of them do. Especially, some big ideas do not come to your mind automatically.
occur: vi. come to mind
The idea never occurred to me. 我从未想到过这个主意。
It suddenly occurred to him that this was an act he could never do.
他突然想到这种事情他根本就不应该做。
particularly: ad. especially
He is particularly busy for this month. 这个月他特别忙。
He is particularly careful with his car; I do not think we should borrow it.
他对他的汽车爱惜有加，我看我们还是不借为好。
5. They burst into the mind, glowing with the heat of creation. (Para. 2) Meaning: These ideas come to the mind suddenly and show clearly they are good creative ideas.
glow with: show redness or heat with feelings, etc.
My father face glowed with satisfaction when he saw my college grades.
父亲看到我的学校成绩时，脸上露出满意的神情。
6. How they do it is a mystery but they must come from somewhere. (Para. 2)
Meaning: How these ideas came to your mind is a mystery; no one can understand. But they must have come from somewhere, an unknown source.
mystery: something that is not fully understood
Many people have tried to solve the problem but without success; it is a mystery that the girl found the solution to it in just a minute. 许多人设法解决这个问题，但都没有成功; 这个女孩仅在几分钟内就把它解决了，真是件怪事。
7. This is reasonable, for psychologists use this term to describe mental processes which are unknown to the individual. (Para. 2)
Meaning: The explanation holds water as psychologists use this special term to describe the patterns going on in our mind, which are not known by human beings. process: n. a connected set of actions or events that produce continuation or slow change
In this example, the conscious mind at the moment of creation knew nothing of the actual processes by which the solution was found. (Para. 5) 在这个事例中，意识在创造的时候对发现答案的实际过程一无所知。
Scientists have now discovered more about the processes of sleep and dreaming.
科学家已经发现了更多的有关睡眠和做梦的过程。
Psychologists study the processes by which human personalities are formed, develop and change. 心理学家研究人类性格的形成、发展和改变的过程。
8. Creative thought depends on what was unknown becoming known. (Para. 2) Meaning: Creative thought comes if one can change what was unknown into something that is known.
depend on: happen according to; count on
The success of the factory depends on the workers. 工厂的成功取决于工人的工作。
Depending on how much he sells, his earnings will increase.
他收入的增加取决于他能卖出多少。
9. ...it is easiest to examine it in the great creative personalities, many of whom experienced it in an intensified form and have written it down in their life stories and letters. (Para. 3)
Meaning: Many of the highly creative persons had experiences of this sort and felt its effects strongly, as you can find in their life stories and letters, so their case is easiest to study and understand.
examine: study or determine
examine a tissue sample under a microscope 在显微镜下研究组织细胞的样品examine the structure of a novel 分析一部小说的结构
examine one's own reasons 剖析自己的动机
personality: n. 1. a person who is well-known to the public
Please note that this is a countable noun in this sense.
He is a powerful personality. 他是一位有权势的人物。
A number of local personalities were present. 出席的有许多当地政要。
2. the quality or condition of being a person
I like Jack because he has a friendly personality. 我喜欢杰克是因为他性情随和。intensify: v. make or become stronger
Efforts to reach the injured man have been intensified because of a sudden turning for the worse in the weather. 由于天气突然变得更恶劣，援救伤员的工作加紧了步伐。
The enemy's breakthrough intensified, as there was no hope for their reinforcement. 由于增援无望，敌人加强了突围。
10. One can draw examples from genius in any field ...(Para. 3)
genius: n. [C] a person of exceptional natural ability
Richard Wagner is a genius. 理查德·瓦格纳是个天才。
11. All truly creative activities depend in some degree on these signals from the unconscious, ...(Para. 3)
in ... degree: to the limit of, somewhat
Production of fruit and vegetables has also risen in varying degrees.
水果和蔬菜的产量也不同程度地有了增加。
He was not in the slightest degree interested. 他一点也不感兴趣。
signal: n. 1. something that suggests something else exists or is going to happen Japanese leaders saw the visit as an important signal of support.
日本领导人把那次访问看作是对方给予支持的重要信号。
2. a gesture, sound, or action which is intended to give a particular message
Stop when the signal light is red. 信号灯是红色时就停下来。
She made a signal with her arm for a left turn. 她用手臂示意向左拐弯。
12. ...and the more highly insightful the person, the sharper and more dramatic the signals become.
(Para. 3)
Meaning: if the person is more insightful, then the signals become the sharper and more obvious.
Please pay attention to the structure the more... the more...
The sooner you start, the more quickly you’ll be finished. 你开始得越早，完成得
就越快。
The more people you know, the less time you have to see them.
你认识得人越多，你能用于见他们的时间就越少。
dramatic: a. very obvious, sudden, exciting, not expected
The lives of the earliest foreigners who settled in America must have been dramatic and exciting. 早期定居美国的移民们生活一定充满变化又令人兴奋。
During my journey around the world I had many colorful experiences and enjoyed many dramatic situations. 在我周游世界的过程中，经历了许多多姿多彩、精彩分呈的场面。
13. Take the example of Richard Wagner composing the opening to "Rhinegold".
(Para. 4)
Meaning: Look at Richard Wagner writing the beginning part of "Rhinegold". as an example.
compose: v. create or produce (a written or musical piece)
The piece of music is composed for the celebration of 2008 Olympic Games to be held in China. 这首乐曲是为庆贺将在中国举办的2008年奥运会而创作的。opening : the beginning part
The book's opening is dull, but the final pages are interesting.
这本书的开头部分很枯燥，但最后几页很有趣。
This is a natural opening for a narrative. 这是叙述性文体的一种很自然的开头方式。
14. Wagner had been occupied with the idea of the "Ring" for several years, ... (Para. 4)
Meaning: For several years Wagner busied himself with the idea of composing the "Ring".
be occupied with sth.: be busy with sth.
She was occupied with the cleaning of the big house. 她正在忙于打扫那幢大房子。
I am afraid that you won't be able to see the doctor for he is fully occupied with appointments this afternoon. 恐怕你见不到那位大夫，因为他今天下午的预约已经排满了。
15. ...and for many months had been struggling to begin composing. (Para. 4) struggle: vi. try hard to do something
struggle for a living 为生活而奋斗
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
struggle through the snowstorm 冒着暴风雪艰难地前进
16. On September 4, 1853, he reached Spezia sick, went to a hotel, could not sleep for noise without and fever within, took a long walk the next day, and in the afternoon flung himself on a couch intending to sleep. (Para. 4)
Meaning: On September 4, 1853, when he reached Spezia he was ill. He went to a hotel, but could not sleep as there was so much noise outside his room and he was running a fever. He did a lot of walking the next day and in the afternoon he threw himself onto a couch hoping to have some sleep.
Please notice that the word "reach" is followed by an adjective to express a state when he reached Spezia.
He reached New York safe and sound. 他安全无恙地抵达纽约。
Please notice that both "without" and "within" are used as adverbs here. without: ad. outside
The dog remained shaking without. 那狗在门外发抖。
within: ad. inside
He recognized that he must have carried about the orchestral opening to the "Rhinegold", within yet he had never been able to put it into form. 他意识到，这是久存于心中却始终未能谱写的《莱茵河的黄金》管弦乐前奏曲。
The building for sale. Enquires within. 此房出售，咨询请进！
A voice within told him what to do. 在他内深处有个声音告诉他该怎么办。
He looked calm without, but anxious within.他外表看起来很镇静，但内心却很焦急。
He was at peace without and at war within. 他外表显得很安祥，可内心的斗争却十分激烈。
fling: vt. throw with force
He flung his shoes at the dog that would not leave his door.
他用力把鞋子掷向那条老在他家门口转悠的狗。
17. Then at last the miracle happened for which his unconscious mind had been seeking for so long.
(Para. 4)
Meaning: For a long time his unconscious mind had been seeking for a good way to start the composing and now he had it at last/now the miracle came at last. miracle: n. act or event that cannot be explained by known laws of nature
The old woman said she had been cured by a miracle.
这位老妇人说她的病能被治好实在是个奇迹。
It is a miracle that the small child lived through the earthquake.
这个小孩能在地震中幸存下来，真是个奇迹。
seek for: make a search for; try to find; look for
He has been seeking for a new place to live for several months, but he has not found anything he can afford.
他几个月来在找一个新的住处，但还没有找到一处价格上他能承受得起的地方。She had been seeking for a new partner for her business for a long time before finally finding one.
在很长一段时间她一直在寻找一个生意上的新伙伴，最后终于如愿以偿。18. Falling into a sleeplike condition, he suddenly felt as though he were sinking in a mighty flood of water, ...(Para. 4)
Meaning: He seemed to fall into a sleeplike condition. Suddenly he felt as if he were sinking in a violent ocean.
as though: as if
Please note that "as though" or "as if" is often followed by a clause in subjunctive mood (虚拟语气).
Why is she looking at me as though she knew me? I have never seen her before in my life.
为什么她老看着我，好像认识我似的？我可从未见到过她呀。
She looks almost as if she were drunk. 她看上去像是喝醉了。
Please note the difference in the following two sentences:
You look as if you've been running. (The person may have been running.)
看来你像是刚跑过步。
You look as if you'd seen a spirit. (The person has probably not seen a spirit, but just looks shocked.)
看来你是见到鬼了。
19. ...the rush and roar soon took musical shape within his brain. (Para. 4) Meaning: The image and sound of the rush and roar of the violent ocean became clear in a musical form in his brain.
take shape: develop or start to appear in such a way that it becomes fairly clear what its final form will be
After several days' discussion, their project began to take shape.
经过几天的讨论，他们的项目框架开始成形了。
20. He recognized that the orchestral opening to the "Rhinegold", which he must have carried about within yet had never been able to put into form, had at last taken its shape within him. (Para. 4)
Meaning: He realized that the orchestral opening to the "Rhinegold" had finally been
formed in his mind. Before this, the music must have existed in his (unconscious) mind but he had never been able to express it in a clear form.
about: ad. here and there, or in all directions.
They go about together most of the time. 他们大多数时间都在一起四处活动。The visitors sat about on the floor. 客人们散坐在地板上。
put into form: express in clear (musical) form
Now that you understand the problem, you have to think about how to put it into form to make yourself understood. 既然你已理解了这个问题，现在要考虑的是以什么方式表达才能使别人听懂。
21. In this example, the conscious mind at the moment of creation knew nothing of the actual processes by which the solution was found. (Para. 4)
Meaning: In this example, when the discovery was made the conscious mind did not know how the solution came about.
22. As a contrast, we may consider a famous story: the discovery by Henri Poincare, the great French mathematician, of a new mathematical method called the Fuchsian functions. (Para. 5)
Meaning: We may consider a famous story, which is very different from the other examples. This story is about how Henri Poincare, the great French mathematician, discovered a new mathematical method called the Fuchsian function.
contrast: n. (with, between) unlikeness or difference shown by comparing objects or people
There is a great contrast between summer and winter. 冬夏之间区别极大。
If you compare the weather here with the weather in my country, there is not much contrast. 如果把这里的气候与我国的气候作一个比较，两者差别并不大。23. Here we see the conscious mind, in a person of highest ability, actually watching the unconscious at work. (Para. 5)
Meaning: Here we see the conscious mind of a highly creative person is actually watch the unconscious mind working.
at work: having an effect; in operation
The report suggested that the same direction was at work in political affairs.
报告表明在政治事务方面也存在同样的倾向。
It is important to understand the powerful economic and social forces at work behind their actions. 重要的是要懂得在这些措施的后面，经济和政治的力量所起的强大作用。
24. ...spent an hour or two trying a great number of combinations, but he arrived at no result. (Para. 5)
Meaning: ...spent a couple of hours trying many, various combinations, but he made no success.
spend (time) doing something: pass the time doing sth.
He spent an hour each day exercising. 他每天花1小时运动。
Now more and more city adults spend their free time trying to improve themselves at school or college. 现在城市里越来越多的成年人利用业余时间到学校或大学去充电。
arrive at: reach, make or decide on (an idea, decision, judgment or result)
It took them a long time to arrive at a very difficult decision.
他们花了很长时间才作出了一个艰难的决定。
25. One night he drank some black coffee, contrary to his usual habit, and was unable to sleep. (Para. 5)
black coffee: coffee without milk and sugar
black coffee 清咖啡
milk coffee 加牛奶的咖啡
strong/weak coffee 浓/淡咖啡
contrary to: opposite to
He passed the examination, contrary to what I expected. 他考试及格了，这出乎我的预料。
Contrary to all advice he gave up his job and left for the south.
他不听任何劝告，辞了工作,去了南方。
26. Many ideas kept surging in his head; he could almost feel them pushing against one another, until two of them combined to form a stable combination. (Para. 5)
Meaning: Ideas came to his mind one after another and he could almost feel these ideas pushing against one another. At last two of the ideas came to form a firm and trusted combination.
keep (on) doing something: continue doing sth; do sth. frequently or repeatedly Keep smiling! 保持微笑！
You shouldn't keep thinking about it. 你不应该老是去想它。
against: in the direction of and meeting
The rain beat against the windows. 雨点拍打在窗户上。
Waves were striking against the shore. 波涛拍打着海岸。
stable: a. firm, without movement
People guess that the price of oil should remain stable for the rest of the year.
人们估计在今年剩下的日子里油价会保持稳定。
I am happy to learn that my father's health is making slow but stable progress.
我很高兴地获悉，父亲的健康状况正缓慢而稳定地得到改善。
27. When morning came, he had established the existence of one class of Fuchsian functions. (Para. 5)
Meaning: When morning came, he had proved the existence of one group of Fuchsian functions.
Please note that the word "come" is not only used to talk about a person's or an animal's action but also an event or time.
The time has come for us to move on. 我们该继续前进了。
There will come a time when a crisis will occur. 危机必将会出现。
What comes after? 后来（结果）怎么样?
It often happens that success comes after many failings.
经过多次失败后才获得成功是常有的事。
My work comes first. 我的工作是第一位的。
existence: n. the fact or state of existing
This is the oldest steel bridge in existence. 这是现存的历史最悠久的钢桥。Some people think that it is difficult to prove the existence of the unconscious mind. 有人认为难以证实潜意识的存在。
28. Here, we see the conscious mind observing the new combinations being formed in the unconscious, while the Wagner story shows the sudden explosion of a new concept into consciousness. (Para. 5)
Meaning: Here we can find that the conscious mind was watching the new combination being formed in the unconscious, but from the Wagner story we find that a new concept burst into consciousness without his knowing it was there. observe: vt. see and notice sth. or sb.; to watch sth. or sb. Carefully
The police observed the man break into the store. 警察看着那个人闯进了那个商店。
You should observe the exhibition carefully. 你应该仔细观看这个展览会。
His job is to observe the movements of clouds and the changes in temperature.
他的工作就是观察云的移动和温度的变化。
explosion: n. a sudden bursting out
We are living in an age of knowledge explosion; we have hardly had the time to learn the new concepts. 我们生活在知识爆炸的时代，几乎来不及学习新的知识。
a considerable explosion of public opinion 舆论大哗
concept: n. something formed in the mind; a thought or idea
Students are supposed to learn the basic concepts of their fields.
学生应该学习他们专业领域里的基本知识。
The text does not explain the concepts very clearly. 这课文没有把概念解释清楚。
29. A third type of creative experience is exemplified by the dreams which came to Descartes at the age of twenty-three and determined his life path. (Para. 6) Meaning: At the age of twenty-three Descartes had the dreams that determined his life path. These dreams were good examples to support a third type of creative experience.
30. Descartes had unsuccessfully searched for certainty, first in the world of books, and then in the world of men. (Para. 6)
Meaning: Descartes had been not successful in searching for life with no doubt to it; he first searched for it in piles of books and then from crowds of people.
search for: try to find; look for
They searched for the missing boy everywhere, but they could not find him.
他们到处寻找那个走失了的小孩，但仍没能找到。
Scientists searched for the cause of the disease. 科学家们千方百计寻找这种疾病的病因。
We often waste our time searching for keys, glasses and other small objects that are in continuous use. 我们常常浪费时间去找那些常用的东西，如钥匙、眼镜和其他小东西。
certainty: n. the fact, quality, or state of being certain
I have told them with absolute certainty there'll be no change.
我明白无误地告诉他们不会有什么变化。
There is little certainty about the present state of the US economy.
目前美国的经济状况有许多不定的因素。
world: n. a particular area of human activity
the world of money 金融界the book world 出版界
the world of sports 体育界the scientific world 科学界
31. Then in a dream on November 10, 1619, he made the significant discovery that he could only find certainty in his own thoughts, cogito ergo sum ["I think; therefore, I exist"]. (Para. 6)
Meaning: Then in a dream on November 10, 1619, he made the very important discovery that he could find certainty in his own thoughts.
32. This dream filled him with intense religious enthusiasm. (Para. 6) Meaning: This dream made him have very strong joy like one has in an unexpected religious insight.
fill sb. with (a feeling): make sb. have or experience (that feeling)
I admired my father and his work filled me with curiosity.
我敬慕我的父亲，我对他的工作充满了好奇。
He looked at me without speaking, and for the first time I could see that his eyeswere filled with pride. 他一声不响地看着我，我第一次发现他的眼神中充满了骄傲。
33. Wagner's, Poincare's, and Descartes' experiences are representative of countless others in every field of culture. (Para. 7)
Meaning: Their experiences are common to countless others in every field of culture.
representative of: be like or common to others of the same class
He was in no way representative of those who suffered from the accident.
他根本不能代表那起意外事故的受害者。
34. The unconscious is certainly the source of instinctive activity. (Para. 7) source: n. a place from which sth. comes or is acquired
The source of water for our watering network is the river near our farm.
我们灌溉系统的水源是农场附近的那条河。
The farms in the country are the source of food for the cities.
乡村农场是城市所需食品的来源。
35. But in creative thought the unconscious is responsible for the production of new organized forms from relatively disorganized elements. (Para. 7) Meaning: But in creative thought it is the unconscious mind that enables man to create newly organized forms (i.e. discoveries) from relatively disorganized elements (which appear meaningless and not related to discoveries).
responsible for: being the cause of sth.
He still felt responsible for her sudden death.
他仍然感到她的突然死亡是他造成的。
He insisted that his solid foundation was responsible for his present success.
他坚持认为他今天的成功归功于他扎实的基础。
河南大学大学外语教学部教案
翻译 复习加油了！范围及条件调整1、2、4、6。1单元长度为7行左右，2、4、6单元4—5行，文体不限。好运！ 一、A Working Community 11、Not all the neighborhoods are empty, nor is every workplace a friendly playground. Most of us have had mixed experiences in these environments. Yet as one woman told me recently, she knows more about the people she passes on the way to her desk than on her way around the block. Our new sense of community hasn’t just moved from house to office building. The labels that we wear connect us with members from distant companies, cities, and states. We assume that we have something “in common” with other teache rs, nurses, city planners.不是所有的住宅区都是空的，也不是所有的工作单位都是友好的。多数人在这些环境里都曾有过复杂的经历。然而，最近一位女性朋友告诉我她对工作单位里的人的了解程度要胜于对同一街区人的了解程度。我们不仅把社区的概念从住宅区搬进了办公楼，上班时身上所佩戴的标志也把我们和异国他乡的人们和公司员工联系在一起。我们假设自己和其他的教师、护士、城市规划者有着某些共同点。 12、It’s not unlike the experience of our immigrant grandparents. Many who came to this country still identified themselves as members of the Italian community, the Irish communtiy, the Polish community. They sought out and assumes connection with people from the old country, Many of us have updated that experience. We have replaced ethnic identity with professional identity, the way we replaced neighborhood with the workplace. This whole realignment of community is surely most obvious among the mobile professions. People who move from city to city seem to put roots into their professions. In an age of specialists, they may have to search harder to find people who speak the same language.这有点像最初移民来到美国的我们的祖辈们的经历，许多人来到这里后把自己原来的国籍当成一个社区，所以有意大利人社区、爱尔兰人社区、波兰社区等。他们不断寻找并设想自己与来自同一个国家的人们有着亲密的联系。我们把这种体验提升了一步。像用工作单位取代居住地一样，我们用专业身份取代了种族身份。这种社区的完全重组在流动作业的行业中表现得最为明显，那些在不同城市变换工作的人似乎把自己的身份植根于他们的行业中。在这个充满专业人士的时代，他们不得不费尽周折去寻找有共同语言的人。 二、The Roots Of My Ambition 15、Mother would have liked it better if I could have grown up to be President or a rich businessman, but much as she loved me, she did not deceive herself. Before I was out of grade school, she could see I lacked the gifts for either making millions or winning the love of crowds. After that she began nudging me toward working with words.假如我现在是总统或者是富有的商人，妈妈应该会更满意的。虽然母亲很爱我，但她并没有欺骗自己。在我高中毕业之时，她就意识到了我缺少那种日进斗金或博取群众爱戴的能力。从那以后她就开始把我往写作的道路上推。 18、“Edwin James was no smarter than anybody else, and look where he is today,”my mother said, and said again, so than I finally grew up thinking Edwin James was adill clod who had a lucky break. Maybe she felt didn’t have to be brilliant to get where Edwin had got to, that the way to get to the top was to work, work, and work.艾德文并不比任何一个孩子聪明，看看他今天已经在哪了？母亲总是这样遍又一遍地对我说，以至于我长大以后认为艾德文?詹姆士不过是碰上了好运气的平庸之辈。也许母亲也是那样看待他的，但她的话中应该有更深的含意。她是在告
Unit1.1. 昨晚在晚会上你玩得开心吗？Did you have a great time at the party last night? 2. 这个学期她选修了英语、计算机和驾驶三门课程。his term she has taken courses in English, computers/computing, and driving. 3. 朋友帮了他很多忙，他欠他们的情。He has a debt to his friends who have helped him a lot. 4. 我明白了一个道理：永远不要让你的朋友失望。I have learnt one thing: never let your friends down. Unit2 1. 假如你让他待在你家，你就是在自找麻烦。If you let him stay at your home, you are asking for trouble. 2. 善于学习语言的人能够把他们的错误变成通向成功的一大步。Good language learners can turn their mistakes into a big step toward their success. 3. 这次事故（accident）给了他一个教训，从此他再也不会酒后驾车了。The accident taught him a lesson, and from then on, he would never drive a car after drinking. 4. 我们都应该以李明为榜样，学好英语。We should all take a leaf out of Li Ming's book and learn English well. Unit3-1. 出于同情，布莱克太太给了这位可怜的老人一些钱。Out of sympathy, Mrs. Black gave some money to the poor old man. 2. 英语教师指着一个苹果用英语对全班同学说：“这是一个苹果。” The English teacher pointed to an apple and said to the whole class in English: "This is an apple." 3. 当我们互相帮助时，我们的房间里就充满了爱。Our room is filled with love when we help each other. 4. 我们应该听从这位老人的劝告，现在就回家去。We should take the old man's advice and go home right now. Unit4 1. 虽然有战争的威胁（threat），人们仍一如既往地工作着。Despite the threat of war, people went about their work as usual. 2. 请允许我就这些问题讲几句话。Please allow me to say a few words about the problems. 3. 她站起身来惊讶地盯着我。（stare at）She stood up and stared at me in surprise. 4. 大火迅速蔓延到大楼的其他部分。（spread）Fire quickly spread to the other parts of the building. Unit5 1. 人们期望看到有更多的优秀球员到国外去打篮球。（look forward to）People look forward to seeing more excellent players play basketball abroad. 2.球迷们都围着他要签名（surround）The football fans surrounded him and asked for his signature. 3. 她没有足够的力气来推开这扇门。（strength）She doesn't have enough strength to push this door open. 4. 你应该意识到担心是无济于事的，你该做点什么才行。（aware）You should be aware that it is no use worrying; you need to do something about it. -Unit6 1. 政府要在附近（neighborhood）建一个新的购物中心。（put up）The government is going to put up a new shopping center in the neighborhood. 2. 一个愚蠢的错误就能给你带来许多麻烦。（involve）One foolish mistake can involve you in a good deal of trouble. 3. 他知道从错误中学习的重要性（importance）He knew the importance of learning from 4. 成功是不能用（in terms of）金钱来衡量的。（measure）Success cannot be measured in terms of money. 1. 根据一个古老的习俗，新娘应该戴婚礼面纱。（according to） According to an old custom, the bride should wear a wedding veil.
2020河南大学英语笔译初复试经验贴 初试排名第一，412分。复试前两天也已经结束了。废话不多说，直接来帖子，希望能帮到大家。 ＞**政治74 （选择题估分大概43左右）：这一门我是很大程度上靠运气复习不充分。政治我没花太多时间，暑假才开始拆书---肖秀荣精讲精练，同时跟着徐涛的强化班网课，听完课看精讲精练，配着一千题（选择题）做加深印象。这样过完整本书，中途没有复习前面的知识点（时间充裕的话最好复习一下，思维导图知识框架那种方便浏览）。后面好像十月份才开始忙着过第二遍书和一千题（这个时候就开始急了），后期肖八到了还在复习第二遍知识点，肖八只做了选择题，背是只背了肖四（政治全程进度比人家慢一大截，也是比较担心），徐涛的30天背诵大作战跟了一下。选择题我觉得要多刷练手；主观题的话时间如果充足，徐涛最后的押题小黄书能背下来最好（非常全面，就是多了点）。我买了小黄书，但是后面没有时间背了，考场上发现有类似书上的问题，后悔。。。 ＞**翻硕英语79： 这门考英语功底，平时就要好好学习积累。英语专业的比较有优势。今年河大题型有：1单选（好像是20个，记不太清了），2完型填空（应该是10个），3阅读（3篇，有一篇在黄皮书上做到过），4翻译（英译汉，汉译英各一小段，汉译英是接着去年姚晨那段材料出的），5作文（今年是看图写作，要求描述图片并说出观点想法，图
片内容是老人家坐在餐桌旁，旁边的椅子上堆满了子女买的保健品，礼物之类，大概表达老人的孤单，子女没有时间陪伴）。 单选我没发现什么难词，考词的深度而不是广度，常见词的搭配和辨析一定一定要多积累。为了以防万一，专四专八词汇掌握好也足够应对。出了常见词的介词搭配比如come，还有词语辨析，大多是考词语的，不记得有没有语法题，要有也很少。我记单词用到了如鱼得水专四专八的书（记了两遍，上面有些词搭配很古怪，我就用朗文词典都查了一遍确认，很耗时但印象深刻，背单词的软件也有用到。 练题是用了华研专四语法词汇，黄皮书各校的真题。做阅读也要尽量积累，我有时候看到好的文章会精读一遍（词语常见搭配，琢磨语法难句，好句子积累写作素材，难词随缘不强求。）完型不难，单词过关就可。阅读中后期要保持手感。我用了华研专八阅读，顺便积累词汇。上面文章摘自外刊，文笔很好。河大阅读不难，大概在专四到专八水平之间，去年听学姐说也很容易。作文我没有背模板（不过我们老师以前有留作业让我们背十篇专八范文，考试前早忘了）。推荐一个公众号：英文悦读。里面有读外刊积累写作句型，很好的栏目。 ＞**翻译基础128： 我翻的很慢，后期可能练得不够，考试的时候居然没翻完，也是捏了一把汗。题型有：1词条翻译（大多常见不难，个别拿不准），2句子翻译（有参考书上的两三个，关于西湖那里的几个描写型句子）和3段落翻译（有点像哲学方面的，汉译英是萧伯纳的名言引出来的一段。）我参加了19年上半年的三笔考-试，现在这个变成机考了。
Unit1 Listening skills BBDCA Listening in Task1 FTFTF Listening in Task2 BBDAC Listening in Task3 classical，peaceful，relaxing，Jazz，sadness，heavy metal，energy，sporting events，physical labor，road accidents Let's talk Task 1 Good Morning to All，success，musical talents，without，second part，replaced，legal action，real owners Further listening and speaking > Further listening > Task 1 special，joke，talent，proud，loud，joy，honesty，dancer，talk，wondered，capture，fan Task2 BAADC Task 3 TFTTT Unit 1 test 1-5 CCDCB 1.favorite band ， 2.Not anymore ， 3.no longer ， 4.a big fan ， 5.collected ， 6.the ones ， 7.Going crazy ， 8.Maybe to you ， 9.pressure ，10.fall in love ，11.get it ，12.from time to time ，13.Go on ，14.music video 1-5 BCDDA 1-5 CDABA 6-10 CDCBC Unit2 Listening skills: Making inferences ADBCB
河南大学英语语言文学考研经验分享 低分上岸！！本来打算不写了，但有很多学妹来咨询，还是写一下吧，说不定对后来者有帮助呢。 日语： 2019年考研是全国卷，难！上岸的不多，2020年自命题，我觉得挺简单的。课本的话，新编日语1和2就行，我是暑假开始复习的，因为新编日语1学的比较好，所以暑假期间就复习了2~3遍了，新编2暑假期间也看了五六课。暑假过后，主攻新编2，后期冲刺又把这2本书过了几遍。日常我主要背单词，记语法，读课文。单词不能偷懒，正文、读解文单词都得背，语法反复记，课文读熟，课后习题好好做。老师讲的速度慢，不能跟着老师的进度，新编2几乎都是自学的，过程很艰难，但结果还不错，考了82。买了其他学校的真题，做了一套，惨不忍睹，就搁置一旁了。 政治： 暑假开始准备，书本跟的是徐涛老师的核心考案，没买肖大大的。刷着视频划重点。选择题背了肖秀荣的1000题，大题后期买了肖八肖四，肖八没时间做，肖四做了选择题，背了最后的押题。政治准备的不够好，就考了62。如果自己的学习能力比较弱，建议报个小班。 阅读、翻译和写作： 我说我一套卷子都没刷，就考了122，可能会拉仇恨。但确实是真的！考完之后，我深刻意识到日常好好学习打基础的重要性。本人大学期间从未逃课，上课之前认真预习，下课之后认真复习，听起来
老掉牙了，但真的很有必要。总要给一些建议是不，这一门可以跟专八，阅读翻译写作也都有，翻译我建议看星火的，之前背了一点，感觉挺不错的。英语文学和语言学基础知识：不多不少，刚好过线。文学我买了学姐的星火文学以及一个文学全景图（历届学姐学长总结的），和自己学的英国文学选读1~3（杨岂深、孙铢）、美国文学选读（翟士钊）搭配着看的。 暑期自己总结了各个时期的terms,把自己认为重要的内容总结一下，写在笔记本上，虽然很繁琐，还是建议自己总结一下，容易理清脉络。语言学跟的是刘润清版本的，另买了刘润清《新编语言学教程》笔记与课后习题，既有重要知识点，还有课后习题的详细解答，很不错的。 我把自己的小小经验写了下来，希望能帮到你们一点点。
新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 1答案 (1) 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 2答案 (2) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 3答案 (3) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 4答案 (4) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 5答案 (5) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 6答案 (7) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 7答案 (8) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 8答案 (9) 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 9答案 (10) 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 10答案 (11) 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 1答案 III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7. virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunities IV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.with V. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.C Sentence Structure VI. 1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor. 2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down. 3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family. 4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting and impolite. 5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry. VII. 1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours. 2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learned to communicate with friends in English. 3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. 4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but they also want reduced working hours. 5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also too far away from my company. Translation VIII. 1. Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply. 2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless. 3. Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. 4. Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need. 5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her. 6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. IX. 1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师，是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。如果没有他，我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。 2 没有任何其他语言能像英语那样让你感受到多姿多彩的世界文化。有了过硬的英语知识，你就可以体验奇妙的文化之旅。 3. 写作不仅仅要写老师布置的话题，而且要写自己感兴趣的东西，例如，给朋友写电子邮件。 4. 远程教学课程是指授课者与学生通过计算机通信技术进行交流的课程。 5. 英语不但是世界上最有用的语言，也是世界上最易学、易用的语言之一。 6远程教学课程在时间安排上给予学生更多的自由，但与其他课程比，这些课程要求学生有更强的自律能力。Cloze 1. B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6,C 7.B 8.A 9.a 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.B Structured Writing XII. I am proud to say that I succeeded in learning a foreign language. It was a real challenge and, needless to say, it took a lot of practice. I carried a small dictionary with me everywhere I went as well as a notebook in which I listed new words I
Unite 1 1.选词填空 explore(v.勘探，探测) transmit(v.传送，传递，传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现，为···所公认) yield(v.产生，出产，屈从，让步) pose(v.摆姿势，导致) assume(v.认为，假定，假设) confidence(n.信任信赖，自信心) inherit(v.沿袭，秉承，继承) comprehensive(a.综合的，多方面的) 1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school. 2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep. 3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared. 4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable. 5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability. 6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high. 7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population. 8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population. 9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action. 10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey. 2.15选10 attain赢得，获得，得到 fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行pursue追求，致力于 available可获得的可利用的 qualify使合适，合格raise提升，增加 passion强烈的爱好，热爱 virtually实际上classify分类归类 acquire获得，取得，学到 fashionable流行的especially特别的 sample样品，标本 prosperous繁荣的University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1)classify them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2)passion for learning, those who wish to (3)attain a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4)pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of the
Unit 1 Book One Section A: Toward a brighter future for all Teaching Objectives: To know the meaning and usage of some important words, phrases and patterns To study Passage A and understand the main idea of the text To understand the structure of the text and the devices for developing it To talk about college education Teaching Procedures: Pre-reading Activities Step 1. Greetings Greet the whole class warmly. Step 2. Lead-in and preparation for reading Let them talk to each other about the following questions: 1. What is the ideal university like in your eyes? 2. What are your expectations of your college life? 3. What advice did your parents give you before you left for college? Step 3. Fast reading Ask the Students to read the passage as quickly as they can and then answer the questions on the screen. Let them get the main idea of each paragraph and make clear about the text structure. Text structure: ( structured writing ) The passage can be divided into 3 parts. Part1 (para.1-3) Opening part of the welcome speech Part 2 (para.4-7) Making the best of what you have. Challenging yourself. Facing new experiences. Opportunities and responsibilities. Part 3 (Para.8) Concluding remarks of the welcome speech. Purpose: Improve the students’ reading and writing ability and understand the general idea of each paragraph. Method: Read the text individually and talk in groups; Use task-based language teaching method, reading approach, communicative approach and total physical
My ideal career Everybody has his or her dream and career. Different person has different ideas in choosing their career.For me, to be a teacher is my ideal career. Because when I was still a little child in the primary school,I found it was so great to be a teacher. And my grandpa and grandma are all teacher. In my heart i think teacher can teach students various of knowledges, not only teach them how to be good at study, but also how to be a good person. A good teacher can lead his students onto the right road, avoiding makeing mistakes. What's more, to be a teacher could contribute a lot both to their students and to the society. It is so wonderful . Now i am a college student , after graduated from school , i have to find a job, start my career,if i become a teacher,on the one hand ,i can live in campus to share many things with my students,on the other hand ,the pay of this career is well. A teacher is the model of his students. A teacher will always love her students as same as her children.So i must study hand to learn a lot of knowledge and learn how to get on well with others. To be a teacher should be fun but challenging. If i have chance one day, i will choose teacher as my career. My Ideal Job There are various kinds of jobs in the world, but different people are attracted by different jobs because everyone has his own interest and destination, many people consider an ideal job as a means of making more money and living more comfortably, it may sound reasonable because money is the foundation of life. As far as my ideal job is concerned, I think I want to be a psychologist, I have made up my mind to do what I really want to so that I can realize my ideal, I believe interest is of the utmost importance in choosing a job, I have been interested in psychology for a long time, so I want to be a psychologist in the future, I think being a psychologist can help lots of people lead a happier life. However, it isn't easy for me to become a qualified psychologist and many people around me think that it's unrealistic to me. Nevertheless, I'll make every effort to gain much more knowledge, patience, methods, etc. to live up to the name of a qualified psychologist. I believe my dream will come true someday. What is an ideal job? Different person will give a different answer I guess. As for me, a job in a university is ideal. Reasons are as follows: Firstly, a pace of an academic calendar is appreciated, which means I could usually enjoy two rest days every week, not to mention a summer vacation and a winter vacation every year. I will have enough time to accompany my family, and to refresh myself. Secondly, I personally own a great adoration of teachers. They exert their most energy to search a vague essence of the world. They set up beacons in an initial stage of confused students’life besides. How important a child to a family! How important a teacher to a society is! Their work is meaningful, and they deserve all the adoration. I wish I could take service with them. Thirdly, I like to be around the young. All bread is not baked in one oven. Sparks flow up from communications between different souls and stimulate both. In addition, I could have an opportunity to keep on learning with them. Suppose working in a university, every year would be a new year for me. Fortune favors a prepared mind. So, I will do my best to qualify myself for the ideal job. A year’s plan starts with spring, just now. Different people choose different jobs
Unit 1 III 1 beneath 2 disguised 3 whistles 4 restrain 5 grasp 6 longing 7 praying 8 faithful 9 pledge 10 drain IV 1 tell …on you 2 track down 3 work it out 4 picking on me 5 reckoned with 6 call on 7 on his own 8 get through 9 in disguise 10 revolves around V G O D I K L B F A N VI 1 advise 2 level 3 problems 4 necessity 5 skills 6 experience 7 solution 8 value 9 tool 10 manner VII 1 air-conditioned(装空调的；有冷气的) 2 handmade（手工制作的） 3 thunderstruck（非常吃惊的）4heartfelt（衷心的；诚挚的）5data-based（基于数据的）6self-employed（自主经营的）7 custom-built（定制的；定做的）8 weather-beaten（饱经风霜的） VIII 1. well-informed（对……非常熟悉的）2 new-found（新获得的）3 hard-earned（辛苦挣得的）4 soft-spoken（说话温柔的）5 newly-married（新婚的）6 widely-held（普遍认为的）7 well-meant（出于好意的）8 well-educated（受过良好教育的） IX