状语从句
在复合句中担任状语成分的从句称为状语从句，修饰主句的谓语动词，形容词或副词，状语
说白了就是修饰动作的词或句，也可以理解成修饰谓语的词或句。通常由副词、介词短语、
动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如：
1. Naturally, our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call. (副词 )
2. We worked hard, from sunrise to sunset. (介词状短语 )
3. To help my disabled aunt, I spend an hour working in her house every day. (不定式 )
4. Seen from a distance, the farmhouse looked deserted. (过去分词 )
5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句）
状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough 用作状语修饰形容词和副词时
必须后置。
状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法
相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词
和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下:
1．时间状语从句
常用引导词： when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until
特殊引导词： the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day ， the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner ? than, hardly ? when, scarcely ? when I didn ’ t realize
how special my mother was until I became an adult. While John was watching
TV , his wife was cooking.
The children ran away from the orchard( 果园 ) the moment they saw the guard.
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
When , while, as 都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。
1) When
Eg: When I arrived home , I had a little rest.
注意点： when 从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是be 动词时，从句主语和be 可以省略。Eg: When (she was) walking along the street, she met her class teacher.
2) As
As 除了表示“当```的时候”，还可表示为“一面``` 一面”，“随着”
Eg: He sang as he danced.(一面 ```一面 )
You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着)
3) While 表示“当 ``` 的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时，
从句动词必须是延续性动词。
Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest.
While (they were) having a discussion, they got very confused.
注意点：
while 有对比的含义，解释为“然而”。
eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee.
1．until, not ? until 表示“直到 ```才” ,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。
肯定句： I waited until midnight.
否定句： I did not leave until midnight.
注意点：
1． not until在?句首，主句用倒装
eg: Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it.
2． It is not until?引that导的强?调句
It was not until it was dark that he came back.
3. the minute, the moment, each time 都可表示“一 ``` 就 ```”
eg: The worker recognized the type of the machine the moment he saw it.
注意点：
the minute, the moment, each ( every, next, the first) time作连词不和when 连用。4． Hardly/scarcely ? when, no sooner ? soonthan, as表示为“一 ```就 ``` ” eg:
I had hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.
I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.
It began to rain as soon as I got home.
注意点： Hardly/scarcely?when, no sooner?than位于句首，主句用倒装
eg: Had I hardly/scarcely got home when it began to rain.
No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.
no sooner ---than, hardly---when, scarcely---when
这几个短语的词义和用法基本一样，都表示“刚--- 就 ---”
①I had no sooner arrived at the station than the train started to move.
②She had hardly got home when it began to rain.
③He had scarcely sat down when he heard someone knock at the door.
【重点提示】
★在这些结构中，主句的动作先发生，用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
★若这些结构置于句首，则主句要用倒装语序。
上述句子可相应改为：
No sooner had I arrived at the station than the train started to move.
Hardly had she got home when it began to rain.
Scarcely had he sat down when he heard someone knock at the door.
2、地点状语从句
常用引导词： where
特殊引导词： wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard.
3．原因状语从句
常用引导词： because, since, as
特殊引导词： seeing that（鉴于） , now that( 既然 ), in that, given that, considering that, My friends dislike me because I’
m handsome and successful.
s begin our conference.
Now that everybody has come, let’
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more. Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable. Seeing that /Since he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should now help him.
It is still in excellent condition considering that it was built 600 years ago.
4．目的状语从句
常用引导词： so that, in order that
特殊引导词： lest, in case, for fear that ， in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
He studied hard so hat he might succeed.
Betty got up early in order that she could catch the train.
Take your raincoat in case it rains.
He put his money in the safe for fear that it should/may be stolen.
【重点提示】
目的状语从句的谓语动词通常含有may, might, can, could, should , would 等情态动词
5．结果状语从句
常用引导词： so ? that, so?that, such?that,
特殊引导词： such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,
He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It ’ s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
To such an degree was he excited that he couldn ’ t sleep last night.
【重点提示】
目的状语从和结果状语从句的区别是：
★引导目的状语从句时前面不用逗号 ,而引导结果状语从句时前面常用逗号★目的状语从句中常用
can, could, may, might, will , would, should 等情态动词，而结果状语从句中一般没这类词。
6．条件状语从句
常用引导词： if, unless,
特殊引导词： as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on
condition that
We’ ll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.
7．让步状语从句
常用引导词： though, although, even if, even though
特殊引导词：as(用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装) ，while (一般用在句首)，no matter
?，in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever
Much as I respect him, I can’
t agree to his proposal.
尽管我很尊敬他，我却不同意他的建议。
The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.
No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
He won ’ t listen whatever you may say.
【重点提示】 though和although的区别：有时候可以换用，但有区别：
●although 一般位于句首， though 而位于句首或句未。
●though 与 even ,as 连用，构成 even though, as though 短语，而 although 不可以。
●though 可以放在句未，作副词，“然而，但是”，但是 although 不可以。
●though 还可以用在表示让步的倒装结构中，表示“尽管”，而although不可以。
Child though/as he is, he know a lot.
Tired though/as he was, he went on working.
8．比较状语从句
常用引导词： as(同级比较 ), than(不同程度的比较)
?more 特殊引导词： the more?the more?; just as，so??; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no
than; not A so much as B
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人，犹如油之于机器。
【重点提示】
★比较从句部分常常是省略句，如上述的①②
★当as或than引导的从句的主语为人称代词时可以用主格也可用宾格，如上述的⑤⑥
★比较级前面可加一些表示程度的状语，如： much, very much, far, a lot, lots, a great deal, twice, 20%, a bit, a little, rather, slightly, still, even 等。
9．方式状语从句
常用引导词： as, as if, how
特殊引导词： the way
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
10. 状语从句的简化
?状语从句的省略
it；②从句主要
状语从句同时具备下列两个条件 : ①主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为动
词是 be 的某种形式。从句中的主语和 be 动词常可省略。例如：
When ( the museum is ) completed , the museum will be open to the public next year .
He’ ll go to the seaside for his holiday if (it is ) possible.
另外，比较状语从句经常省略。例如：
I ’ mtaller than he (is tall ).
The higher the temperature (is), the greater the pressure (is ).
就状语从句而言 ,有时为了使语言言简意赅,常常将状语从句进行 "简化 "。状语从句的 "简化 "
现象在口语中较为普遍,而且在高考中的复现率也较高。因此,有必要对其进行全面、透彻的
了解。
状语从句的 " 简化 " 现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中: ①由 if, unless 引导的条件状语从句 ;
②由 although, though, even if / though 等引导的让步状语从句;③由 when, while, as, befor
e, after, until/till 等引导的时间状语从句;④由 as, as if 等引导的方式状语从句;⑤由 as, than
等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作归纳。
(1) 当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be 时 ,it 和 be 要完全简化掉。例如 :
If (it is) possible, he will help you out of the difficulty. 如果可能的话 ,他会帮你摆脱困境。
You must attend the meeting unless (it is) inconvenient to you. 除非情况对你来说不方便 ,
否则你必须出席这次会议。
(2) 当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be 动词简化掉。常用于以下几
a.连词 +形容词
As (he was) young, he learned how to ride a bike.他小时候就学会了骑自行车。
Whenever (she is) free, she often goes shopping. 她有空就去逛商店。
Work hard when (you are) young, or you'll regret.少壮不努力 ,老大徒伤悲。
b.连词 +名词
While (he was) a young boy, he was always ready to help others.他在孩提时代就乐于助人。
Although (he was) a farmer, now he is a famous director. 尽管他曾是个农民 ,而现在是位著名的
导演了。
c.连词 +现在分词
As (she was) walking along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.她沿着河堤边走
边唱着流行歌曲。
Although (he is) doing his best in maths these days, he has still got no good marks.尽管
近来他一直在学数学,但他仍然没有取得好成绩。
d.连词 +过去分词
He won't go there with us unless (he is) invited. 除非受到邀请,否则他不会和我们一道去
那里。
The concert was a great success than (it was) expected.这场音乐会出乎意料地取得了巨大成
功。
e.连词 +不定式
He stood up as if (he were) to say something. 当时他站起来好像要说什么。 He wouldn't s olve the problem even if (he were) to take charge.即使他来负责 ,他也解决不了这个问题。 f.
连词 +介词短语
She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble. 她看上去很焦急 ,好像遇到了麻烦。 He had mastered the English language before (he was) in the USA. 他到美国之前就懂英语了。
注意 :当从句主语和主句主语不一致时 ,从句部分要么用完全形式 ,要么用独立主格结构来表达。
例如 :
When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room. 当会议结束时 , 人们都走出了会议室。
1. I had been looking for the book for two days____ I found it at last.
a. until
b. when
c. before
d. while
2. He punished his students ____ they did anything wrong.
a. however
b. whenever
c. whatever
d. whichever
3. Those passengers will wait here____ the bus arrives.
a. until
b. because
c. though
d. as
4. Hardly had we reached home ____ it began to rain.
a. before
b. than
c. as soon as
d. when
5. No sooner had we arrived at the cinema___ the film began.
a. than
b. before
c. when
d. as soon as
6. You can ’ t watch TV ____ you’ ve finished your homework.
a. since
b. until
c. as
d. after
7. We had scarcely left our school____ the rain began.
a. before
b. than
c. while
d. when
8. We have never seen her again_____ she went to work in another city.
a. when
b. as
c. since
d. while
9. ____ the fight stopped, travel across the country has been quite safe.
a. Since
b. When
c. After
d. Unless
10. They were just about to leave____ the telephone rang.
a. before
b. when
c. as
d. than
11.. He hurried out of the room____ the meeting was over.
a. the moment
b. a moment ago
c. after a minute
d. a minute after
12..--- ― Did you catch the first bus this morning?‖
--- ― No. It had left the stop____ I got there.‖
a.as soon as
b. at the time
c. by the time
d. during the time
13.I shall start the work ____ he comes. I don’ t know what to do first.
a. after
b. until
c. before
d. unless
14.The old man prefers to live____ the climate is mild.
a. that
b. which
c. what
d. where
15. ____ it is a holiday today, the children need not go to school.
a. As
b. When
c. For
d. As long as
16. ____ we were staying in China , we saw many interesting things.
a. Since
b. While
c. After
d. During
17. I got up early___ I might catch the first bus.
a. in order that
b. in case
c. for fear that
d. now that
18. _____ we had been invited to the party, we wore our best clothes.
a. Though
b. If
c. Even if
d. As
19.― How soon will you be able to finish your homework?‖
― ____ ‖
a. After two hours
b. In two hours
c. Two hours later
d. For two hours
20. You may use the book as you like,___ you keep it clean.
a. as soon as
b. for
c. as long as
d. as well as
1. _____ I like the color of that hat, I don’ t like its shape.
a. That
b. While
c. So long as
d. So
2. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome the difficulty,____ great it is.
a. what
b. however
c. whatever
d. how
3. I have told the story just____ it happened.
a. as
b. if
c. then
d. when
4. We found people friendly____ we went.
a. to which
b. in which
c. wherever
d. to where
5. The day breaks, ____ the birds are singing.
a. because
b. as
c. since
d. for
6. It was 12 ____ they finished the work.
a. since
b. which
c. that
d. when.
7.Why do you want a new job____ you’ ve got such a good one already?
a. That
b. where
c. which
d. when
8---What was the party like?
---Wonderful. It was years ____ I had enjoyed myself so much.
a. after
b. before
c. when
d. since
9.I thought her nice and honest ___ I met her.
a. first time
b. for the first time
c. the first time
d. by the first time
10. After the war, a new school building was put up _____ there had once been a theatre.
a. that
b. where
c. which
d. when
11.John may phone tonight. I don’ t want to go out___ he phones.
a. as long as
b. in order that
c. in case
d. so that
12. _____ , mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
a. However late is he
b. However he is late
c. However is he late
d. However late he is
13. I think I should prefer to go on Friday,___ it’ s all the same to you.
a. unless
b. if
c. as soon as
d. though
14. ---The experiment is of particular importance.
---I see. We will carry on with it _____ we can get enough money.
a. until
b. unless
c. whether
d. however
15. Someone called me up in the middle of the night but they hung up____ I could answer
the phone.
a. as
b. since
c. until
d. before
16.--- It ’ s a longmeti___ I saw you last.
---Yes, and what a pity it is since it will be a long time___ we see each other again!
a. before, since
b. when, when
c. since, before
d. when ,then
17. He whispered to his wife___ he might wake up the sleeping baby.
a. so that
b. on condition that
c. for fear that
d. so long as
18. I won’ t give you any help ____ you tell me the truth. It’ s none of my business.
a. unless
b. since
c. if
d. even if
19. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice_____ I picked up the phone.
a. immediately
b. quickly
c. suddenly
d.
hurriedly 20. ---Can I join you in the game?
---Sorry, not____ you have finished your homework.
a. if
b. since
c. unless
d. that
1. I thought things would get better, but_____ it is they are getting worse.
a. before
b. because
c. as
d. after
2. Their tent, ___ light as a feather, remained firm in the storm last night.
a. as if
b. even
c. though
d. if
3. ---When did he leave the classroom?
--- He left ___ you turned back to write on the blackboard.
a. the minute
b. the time
c. until
d. before
4. In France dogs can go___ their owners can because people there love pets very much.
a. no matter where
b. anywhere
c. somewhere
d. nowhere 5.
____ , he does get annoyed with her sometimes.
a. Although much he loves her
b. Much although he loves her
c. As he loves her much
d. Much as he loves her.
6.The gas must have been used up, ____ the fire went out of itself.
a. because
b. as c for d. since
7. --- Don’ t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.
--- Oh, yes._____ others are weak , he is strong.
a. If
b. When
c. Though
d. Where
8． . It seems only seconds____ they came back.
a. when
b. after
c. before
d. till
9. ---Do you think we can get there on time?--- Yes,___ the truck doesn’ t break down.
a. even if
b. unless
c. until
d. so long as
10． We won’ t give up ___ we should fail ten times.
a. even if
b. since
c. whether
d. until
11. I have kept that portrait ___ I can see it every day, as it always reminds me of my
university days in London.
a. which
b. where
c. whether
d. when
12.---Are you sure that you have met him before?---____ I am mistaken.
a. If
b. Since .
c. Unless
d. More than
13.I don’ t think I will need any money but I will bring some___.
a. at last
b. in case
c. once again
d. in time
14.--- I ’ d like to invite youto my new house next weekend.
--- Thank you, but ___ I’ ll have time I am not sure at the moment.
a. when
b. as
c. in case
d. unless
15.---Have some Maotai, please.--- No, thanks. It’ s 3 years ___ I drank.
a. before
b. since
c. after
d. when
16. John knocked at the door for nearly five minutes ___ his wife opened.
a. when
b. before
c. until
d. while
17. We hadn ’ t been out for long ___ she felt sick.
a. as
b. when
c. while
d. after
18. His success is ___ by talent as by energy.
a. not so much
b. so not much
c. much not so
d. so much not
19.She had golden hair when she was a child, but ____ she got older and older, her hair went
a. while b when c after d. as
20. We liked the oil painting better____ we looked at it.
a. as
b. while
c. the moment
d. the more
答案与解析
基础过关题
1.答 c. 这里的 before 意为“过了（多久）才---”。本句意为“这本书我找了两天才找到”。其他选项中， a 项最具迷惑性，但此项不对，因为在until/not---until 的句型中， until 前面一般不接表示具体的一段时间状语，而此题中有for two days 的具体时间状语。
2.答 b. 本句的语意为：无论学生什么时候做错事，他都要惩罚他们。However 后一般跟形
容词或副词。 whatever 也不对，因为从句中已经有了anything wrong, 如要用 whatever, 应说成 whatever wrong they did. 如果选用 whichever, 就要有一定的范围。如： You can take whichever of them.
3.答 a. 根据题意只能选 a.
4.答 d. hardly ---when 是固定用法，表示“一---就 ---”
5.答 a. no sooner---than---是固定用法，表示“一---就 --- ”
6.答 b. 只有 until 才符合题意：你不能看电视直到你做完你的作业。
7.答 d. scarcely---when----=hardly---when
8.答 c. 注意本句的时态，从句中用过去时，主句中用现在完成时，所以只能选择 c. 本句意为“自从她去另一城市工作以来，我们再也没见过她”
9.答 a. 解析同上。
10.答 b. be about to do ---when--- 是常用固定结构，表示“正要--- 就在这时 --- ”
11.答 a. the moment --- 在此作 as soon as 解。
12.答 c. 从应答语“ No‖中得到暗示：当他到达车站时，汽车已开走了。
13.答 a. 从答语 I don ’ t know what to do first中得到暗示：只有当他来了以后我才可以开始工作。
14.答 d. where 引导状语从句，表示“在--- 的地方”
15 答 a. as 在本句中意为“因为“，for 引导的原因状语从句一般不放在句首。
16.答 b. 四个选项中只有 b 项 while 才可作“当 --- 时候”解。
17 答 a. in order that 引导目的状语从句，“为了，以便”； in case 万―一”与题意不符；
for fear that 惟恐―‖也与句意不符 ; now that 既然―‖ ,也与句意不符 , 而且它引导的从句往往在句首 .
18.答 d. a 项 (though) 与句意的逻辑不符; 如用 b 项 (if), 则原句的主从句时态不符合逻辑;
c 项 (even if) 也与句意的逻辑不符 ; 本句的语意是 : 因为我们是被邀请参加晚会的, 所以
我们穿上了我们最好的衣服 .
19.答 b. 原句的提问是― howsoon ‖―再过多久‖,往往用于将来时 , 所以在答语中表示一段时
间后要用―in +一段时间‖
20.答 c. as long as/so long as/ on condition that--- 都表示―只要‖
能力提高题
1. 答 b.while 在此表示“尽管，虽然”相当于 although/though. 又如： while(she is ) respected, she
is not liked.
1. 答 b. 本题的关键词是横线后的形容词great. however great it is =no matter how great it is.
What 和 whatever 后都不能直接跟形容词或副词；how 后可以跟形容词或副词，但为本句的句法所不容。
2.答 a. as 就―像‖就―如同‖,后接方式状语从句.其他选项均与原题意不符.
3. 答 c. 本句相当于 : No matter where we went, we found people friendly.
4. 答 d. 本题是从结果推断出原因 , 不是表示直接的从原因导致结果, 故选 for.
5. 答 d. 本题中的 it 指时间 . it 指时间外还可指天气, 环境 , 距离等 . 又如 : They live on a
busy main road. It must be very noisy.
6. 答 d. when 在本题中的意思是：在 --- 的情况下。本题意为 : 在你已经找到了一份好工
作的情况下，你为什么还要另找工作呢?
7. 答 d. 答语中的关键词是： great(太棒了 ); It was years since I had enjoyed myself so much
的语意是：我好几年没这样开心过了。
8. 答 c. the first time 相当于 when ---for the first time. 选项 a 少了定冠词 the. 选项 b 只能作
为状语如：In Oct,1968 I met him for the first time. 选项 d (by the time) 虽然后可接从句，
但主句的时态应用过去完成时，而且也与原意不符。本题意为：当我第一次遇见她的时
候，我就认为她很好，很老实。
9. 答 b. 本句是 where 引导的让步状语从句，相当于 at the place where---.
10. 答 c. 本题的关键词是 may. ― John今天会打电话来。（所以）我今天不想出去万一他打电
话来。‖其他选项均与题意不符 .
11. 答 d. 本题考查 however 引导的让步状语从句 . 通常用这样的句型 :
However +adj/adv + 从句主语 +谓语 , + 主句
如: However tired he was, he went on working.
=No matter how tired he was, he went on working.
12. 答 b. 本题的语意是 : 我想我情愿星期五去 , 如果对你来说是一样的话 .
13. 答 c. Whether we can get enough money = No matter whether we can get enough money or
not. ―无论我们是否能搞到足够的钱 ,我们都得进行下去 .
14. 答 d. ―在我接电话之前 , 他就把电话挂断了‖
15. 答 c. 本题中有两个句型:
It ’ s/has been一+段时
间+since sb did sth.( 自从 ---以来已经 ---时间了 )
It will be + 一段时间 +before sb do sth.( 再过多久才 ---)
应答语中的第一个since 作―因为‖解 .
16. 答 c. for fear that 惟恐 ;―担心‖ .本题中的其他选项不符合原意逻辑.
17. 答 d. 本题的提示语是―It ’nones of my business. ―这‖不关我的事‖ .表示无论怎样我都
不会帮你的 . 所以选择有让步意义的even if 为最佳答案 . ―即使你告诉了我事情的真相 , 我也不会帮你的 . ‖
18. 答 a. immediately 是个连词 , 相当于as soon as/ the moment/ directly 等.
19. 答 c. 本句的应答语是省略句, 相当于 : Sorry, you can’ t join us in the game unless you have
finished your homework.
高考冲刺题
1.答 c. as it is 是个固定短语 , ―根据现在 / 这时情况看 ; 就现在这样子‖
又如 : We were hoping to have a holiday next week--- as it is , we may not be able to get away.
我们一直盼望下星期放假--- 看样子 ,走不了了 .
2.答 c. 本句为省略句 , 补充完整为 : Their test, though (it was ) light as a feather, remained firm
in the storm last night. 选项 a 语法上成立 , 但与题意不符 ; 选项 b(even) 不能作为连词使用
来引导从句 ; 选项 d(if) 语法上成立 , 但与题意不符 .
3.答 a. the moment = as soon as / the moment/ directly 是连词―一 ---就— . ‖选项 b 不能作连词引
导从句 . 如用 c 项 until , 原句应改为 : He didn ’t leave until you turned back to write on the
blackboard. 选项 d 意思根本不对。
4.答 b. 本题可转换为： In France dogs can go to any place where their owners can (go) because
people there love pets very much. 此题中的 anywhere = to any place where . 正如 where 引导状语从
句时，相当于： to/in the place where--- 一样。其他选项中，最具迷惑性的是 a 项 no
matter where---, 此项不能选择，是因为no matter where--- 只能引导让步状语从句，但它不具
有to/in any place where--- 之意。
5.答 d. although 不能用于倒装结构，所以排除 b 项。a 项中的词序不对，应为 although he much loves her ; c 项尽管在语法上正确（因为他很爱她），但是与原句的语意是不符合的。
6.答 c. 本题是从结果推断出原因, 不是表示直接的从原因导致结果, 故选 for.
7.答 d. 本题的语意是：别人是弱项的地方，他是强项。
8.答 c. ― It is/will be +一段时间 +before --- ‖表示“过（多长时间）就/才会 --- ”。
本题的语意“他过了几秒钟就回来了”
9.答 d. so long as =as long as “只要”
10.答 a. ― even ”if表示让步。“即使我们失败十次，我们也不放弃。”
11.答 b.是“我要把这幅画挂在我看得到的地方，因为它总是能使我想起我在伦顿的大学时
光。”
12.答 c. 本句是省略回答： I am sure I have met him before unless I am mistaken.
13. 答 b. ― incase ‖在此“以防万一”，本题的语意是“我认为我不需要用钱，但是我还是会带一些的，以防万一。”其余选项中最具迷惑性的是―at last 最‖终―‖，但 at last 常常表示“经过一段时间的等待或曲折，最后，终于”。又如：
By heavens! It aining’sr at last! ( 天哪！终于下雨了 )
I am happy to meet you at last.
14.答 a. 应答语的语意是“这个周末我什么时候有空，我暂时不清楚”。注意：本句中宾语
从句提前（ when 引导的从句在本题中是宾语从句），正常语序为： I am not sure at the moment when I will be have time.
15. 答 b. 本题的关键是要搞清楚：
“It is + 一段时间＋ since ---( 瞬间动词 ) 与 It is + 一段时间＋ since –(延续性或状态性动词 )”的不同含义。前者表示“自从那个动作的开始以来”，而后者则表示“自从那个动作的结束
以来”。本题的应答语语意为“不，谢谢，我戒酒以来已三年了”
16.答 b. 本题的语意是“ John 敲门敲了无分钟他的妻子才来开门。”其他选项中， c 项最具迷惑性，但此项不对，因为在 until/not---until 的句型中， until 前面一般不接表示具体
的一段时间状语，而此题中有for nearly five minutes 的具体时间状语。
17. 答 b.这里的 when 相当于 and at that time 或 and then, 是个并列连词。具有这种用法时是
as/while 所无法替代的。如选用 after, 则就会发现原句中的主从句时态相矛盾。
18.答 a. 本句是同级比较的否定结构， not so/as---as---; 本句意为：他的成功多靠他的努力，而不
是天才。
19. 答 d. as 引导的时间状语从句，更突出强调“随着”“一边 --- 一边”，如用 when 或 while 则无此效果。
20.答 d. 本题的关键词是“ better”，表示一个过程；本句相当于： The more we looked at the oil painting, the more we liked it.
状语从句练习题 1.I had been looking for the book for two days____ I found it at last. a.until b. when c. before d. while 2.He punished his students ____ they did anything wrong. a.however b. whenever c. whatever d. whichever 3.Those passengers will wait here____ the bus arrives. a.until b. because c. though d. as 4.Hardly had we reached home ____ it began to rain. a.before b. than c. as soon as d. when 5.No sooner had we arrived at the cinema___ the film began. a.than b. before c. when d. as soon as 6.You can’t watch TV ____ you’ve finished your homework. a.since b. until c. as d. after 7.We had scarcely left our school____ the rain began. a.before b. than c. while d. when 8.We have never seen her again_____ she went to work in another city. a.when b. as c. since d. while 9.____ the fight stopped, travel across the country has been quite safe. a.Since b. When c. After d. Unless 10.They were just about to leave____ the telephone rang.
语法 29时间状语从句 一、什么是状语从句 状语就是在一句话中表示该句子的时间、地点、方式、原因、条件等成分。状语从句就是用一个从 句表示状语。状语从句根据它表达的意思不同，可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等九类。 与状语一样，状语从句的位置比较灵活。既可置于主句之前（通常用逗号与主句隔开），也课置于主句之后（不需要用逗号与主句隔开），有时甚至可以置于主句之中。 二、时间状语从句 1. 主句和从句同时发生，这类从句由从属连词when, while, as引导。 He was hungry when he came home. I was crying while everyone was laughing. As I walked out, he walked in. as, when, while, 的区别 ① as强调从句的动作与主句动作同时发生及持续，具有at the same time的意思 他继续往下谈的时候，越来越兴奋。 as还可以表示一边??一边??，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 他们边走边聊。 as还有“ 随着”的含义 随着春天的到来，天气暖和起来。 ② when 强调动作点的特定时间，具有at the time that 的意思 当老师走进来的时候，我们都站起来了。 ③ while 表示较长的期间，具有during the time that 的意思 当我在这的时候，我很安全。 2.主句发生在从句之前，这类从句由从属连词before, until 引导 ,before 意为“ 在---之前” until 在肯定句中意为“直到 --- 为止”，在否定句中意为“直到 --- 才”。从句既可置于主句前，也可置 于主句之后。 回家之前我必须干完所有的活。
中考英语状语从句专项训练及答案及解析 一、初中英语状语从句 1．It’s much easier for us to become friends________ we share similar interests. A．unless B．when C．even though D．so that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：当我们分享相似的兴趣爱好时，对于我们来说成为朋友更加容易一些。 考查连词。unless如果不，除非，引导条件状语从句；when当……时候，引导时间状语从句；even though尽管，引导让步状语从句；so that以便，因此，结果，引导目的或结果状语从句。根据句意可知此句表示时间，故填when，选B。 2．---Would you like to go bike riding with us tomorrow? ---Sure, ____ I am busy. A．since B．unless C．when D．until 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：----你想要明天和我们一起去划船吗？好的，如果我不忙我就去。A自从；B如果不；C当……时候；D直到……才。根据句意，应选B。 考点：考查连词。 3．I still remember my first teacher________we haven't seen each other for many years. A．for B．because C．since D．though 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：尽管我们很多年没有见过面了，但是我仍然记得我的第一位老师。此题考查连词，A因为；B因为；C自从；D尽管。根据句意，应选D。 考点：考查连词。 4．—The novel seems a little boring. —You won’t enjoy it _______________ you put your heart into it. A．when B．if C．after D．unless 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：--这部小说似乎有点儿无聊。--如果你不用心读的话，你不会享受到这本书。when，当……的时候；if如果；after在……之后；unless，如果不，除非。结合句意，故选D。 考点：考查连词的用法。
高中英语状语从句讲解汇总 原因从句 除了下面A2，A3中所示各种类型外，这两种从句均可由as或because来引导。但是用as引导原因从句较为稳妥（参见A）；用because引导结果／原因从句较为稳妥（参见B）。 A 原因从句 1 由as／because／since 引导的原因从句： We camped there as／because／since it was too dark to go on． 我们在那里露宿是因为天太黑，不能再继续往前走了。 As／Because／Since it was too dark to go on，we camped there． [ 因为天太黑不能再继续往前走，我们就在那儿露宿了。 2 in view of the fact that可用as／since／seeing that来表示，但不能用because： As／Since／Seeing that you are here，you may as well give me a hand． 既然你在这儿，你就帮我个忙吧。 As／Since／Seeing that Tom knows French，he’d better do the talking． 既然汤姆懂法语，最好让他来谈。 3 在as／since／seeing that意指以前共知的或共知的陈述时，可用if来代替： ~ As／Since／Seeing that／If you don’t like Bill，why did you invite him 既然／如果你不喜欢比尔，你为什么邀请了他 注意：if so的用法： —I hope Bill won’t come． —If so（＝If you hope he won’t come），why did you invite him —我希望比尔别来。 —如果这样（=如果你希望他不来），你为什么邀请了他 关于if＋so／not，参见第347节。 ~ B 结果从句由because或as引导： The fuse blew because we had overloaded the circuit． 保险丝烧断了，因为我们使线路超载了。 He was angry because we were late． 他生气是因为我们来晚了。 As it froze hard that night there was ice everywhere next day． 因为那天晚上冷得厉害，所以第二天到处都是冰。 ~ As the soup was very salty we were thirsty afterwards． 因为这汤很咸，后来我们渴得厉害。
时间状语从句 用句子表达一件事情或一个行为发生的时间，这个句子就叫时间状语从句。时间状语从句根据其所表示的时间不同，所使用的连词也不同。下面我们一起来看一下几个常见的时间状语从句： 1．when引导的从句：表示主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。 例如：I was going out when a visitor came. (动词动作同时发生。)我正要出门，有客人来访。 I shall tell her the good news when she comes.她来时，我将告诉她这个好消息。 小试牛刀：I found mother cooking for me. I got home.(when)_______________________________________ He was listening to the radio when I home. (get) 2．while 引导的从句：表示“当……过程中”，强调某一段时间内主句和从句中谓语动词所表示的动作在同一时期发生。由于while从句表示一个持续的行为，所以从句中要用持续性动词，并且持续性动词常用进行时态。 例如：Keep an eye on my little sister while I am away.我不在时，请照看一下我的小妹妹。 While we were watching TV, Jim came in. 我们看电视的时候，Jim进来了。 小试牛刀：It started to rain. We were playing football.(while)_______________________________________ Lucy was cleaning the room Lily was listening to music. 3．as引导的时间状语从句：表示“当……的时候；一边……一边……；随着……”，其从句的主语与主句的主语往往是同一人或物。 例如：She sang as she worked. 她一边工作一边唱歌。=She was singing as she was working. I saw him as he was getting off the bus. 正当他下公共汽车时, 我看见了他。 小试牛刀： we walked, we talked. You will grow wiser you grow older. 4．before引导的从句：一般表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。 例如：I didn’t know any English before I came here. 我到这儿来之前，一点英语都不懂。 例如：I had written my report before my father came back. 小试牛刀：He bought the ticket he went to see the film. 5．after引导的从句：表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。 例如：After he locked the door, he left. 他锁上门后，就走了。 After he had finished his work, he played a game of chess with his friend. 他做完工作后，和朋友下了一盘棋。 小试牛刀：I will go out to play basketball with you. I finish my homework.(after) _______________________ _ He left the classroom he had finished his homework the other day. 6．since引导的从句：表示“自从……以来”，从句中的动词一般表示动作的起点，用过去时。主句中的动词表示动作延续的情况，一般用现在完成时。如果主句中的动词表示的不是延续的动作而是表示目前的状态，可用一般现在时。 例如：Since he met this good friend, he has made great progress in his studies. 自从遇见了这个好朋友，他已在学习上取得了巨大的进步。 例如：It is twenty years since she joined the Party. 她入党二十年了。（主句中的动词表示的是状态，用现在时。） 小试牛刀：it is five years since we last time.（meet） Mr green has taught in that school since he (come) to China three years ago.
高考英语状语从句专项讲解 一、考点分析 状语从句主要考点在语法填空、翻译和作文。 二、专题详解 状语从句梳理 知识点1：分类 语从句可以分为以下九种： 1、时间状语从句 2、地点状语从句 3、原因状语从句 4、目的状语从句 5、结果状语从句 6、条件状语从句 7、方式状语从句 8、让步状语从句 9、比较状语从句 知识点2：具体用法 1) 时间状语从句：
as soon as Hardly/scarcely had…when No sooner had …than…. the moment.. the instant…the second…immediately directly…instantly…①As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write to you.我一到上海就给你写信。 ② Hardly (scarcely) had I got home when it began to rain. 我刚一到家就下雨了。 ③No sooner had we got to the station than the train left. 我们刚到车站，火车就走了。 ④We had just begun the moment we were told to stop. 我们刚开始就被叫停。 ⑤I felt cheerful immediately I heard the song. 我一听到这首歌就感到很愉快。 ①hardly…when和no sooner…than的意义相当 于as soon as，但只表示过 去发生的事情，主句为过去 完成时，从句为过去时，如 hardly或no sooner位于句 首时语气强，而且主句的谓 语要用部分倒装。 ②名词短语连词： “一……就……” 主句+ the moment…从句 主句+the instant…从句 主句+the second…从句 ③ 副词短语连词： 主句+ immediately +从句 主句+ directly +从句 主句+ instantly+从句 every time =each time last time…next time…the first time ①Every time I traveled by boat, I got seasick. 我每次乘船都晕船。 ②Last time we saw you,you were too thin. 上次我们见到你的时候，你太瘦了。 every time=each time “每次……；每当……” last time…“上次……” next time…“下次……” the first time“第一次……”
状语从句 一、时间状语从句 1、when, while, as 和whenever when 表时间点，时间段 while 表时间段；有“而”的意思 as “当……”,“一边……一边”，“随着……” whenever 每当，无论什么时候 It is cold when it snows. While there is life, there is hope. While we were speaking, he was reading newspaper. Just as Mrs Richards was entering the dinning-room, there was a knock on the front door. As we age, we trade strength for ingenuity, speed for thoroughness, and passion for reason. 随着年龄的增长，我们用力量换来了机敏，以速度换来了严谨，以热情换来了理智。 注：1)when还可作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式： sb.was doing sth.when...某人正在干某事就在这时…… sb.was about to/ going to do sth.when...某人正打算干某事就在这时…… sb.body has just done sth.when...某人刚干了某事就在这时…… 2)如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when，while 与as可互换使用。如： When/While/As I was walking down the street，I came across an old friend of mine. 2、before/ after It will be five years before we meet again.五年之后我们才能见面。 After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. After her husband had gone to work, she sent her children to school. 3、until, till, not...until 1)肯定句：主句的谓语是延续性动词，主从句均为肯定式，意为“某动作一直持续到某时间点才停止”
语法专题复习（四）状语从句讲解 状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、 非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。 一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解 和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下: 1．I fell asleep when he was doing his exercises .他正作练习时我睡着了。（时间状语从句） 3．She always singsa s she walks . 她总是一边走一边唱。（时间状语从句） 4．I waited until he had finished his work . 我等到他做完活。（时间状语 从句） 5．It was not long before he told me about this affair . 不久，他就告诉我 这件事。（时间状语从句） 6．He has worked very hards ince he entered the factory 自从他进厂，工 作一直很努力。（时间状语从句） 1．时间状语从句 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the ins tant, immediately , directly, no sooner ?than, hardly ?when, scarcely ?wh en
时间状语从句讲解与练习
when, while 和as 引导时间状语从句的用法 一、when 的用法 如果只从现象来看，when 从句用的最多的是一般过去时，而主句的时态没有限制,根据具体情况而定。 1. When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。 2. When she came into my room, I was just reading a book. 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。 3. Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老师进来的时候，你在写信吗？ 4. Sorry, I was out when you called me. 对不起，你打电话来的时候我出去了。 5. He was on the point of leaving when someone knocked at the door. 他正要走，这时有人敲门。 6. I thought of it just when you opened your mouth. 就在你要说话的时候，我也想到了。 7. I had hardly[scarcely] closed my eyes when someone knocked at the door. 我刚一闭上眼，就有人在敲门了。
根据以上的例句，我们可以总结出一点：when 从句的A事件，相当于另一个事件B发生的时间点。也就是说，when 从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一个时间点，所以when 多数情况下用的是一般过去时，则不用正在进行时。因为如果用正在进行时，它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。根据这一点，有的文章补充说：when 从句的动词大多是瞬时动词。 实际上，when 从句也可以有其它的时态，但几乎也不用进行时，因为它也只是作为一个时间参照点。 1. When I got to the airport, the guests had left. 当我赶到飞机场时，客人们已经离开了。 2. When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. 当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。 3. Why do you want a new job when you have got such a good one already? 你已经找到如此好的工作，为何还想再找新的？ 4. You shall borrow the book when I have
第章状语从句 学习指导 状语从句在句子中作状语，用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类,分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比 较和方式。尽管种类较多,但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似,所 以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词。现分别列举如下: 状语从句分九类： 在这一章节的学习中，要求同学们掌握各类状语从句基本概念，并能够灵活应用。 第一节时间状语从句 时间状语从句用一般现在时表示将来。连接时间状语从句的连接词有：2．when，while，as均可表示“当……的时候”。 when强调“特定时间”，表示主句谓语动词的动作与从句谓语动词的动作是同时发生的，或从句的动作发生在主句的动作之前；while表 示的时间是一段，而不是一点，as多用在口语中，强调“同一时间”或“一前一后”，有时还有“随着”的含义。 When spring came, he felt like a trip.春天来了，他想去旅游。 As spring warms the good earth，all flowers begin to bloom．(as有“随着”的含义) as, when, while都表示主、从句的动作或状态同时发生，但三者也有
区别。as和when引导的从句既可表示一点时间，也可表示一段时间，从句中的谓语动词既可以是持续性动词，也可以为短暂性动词，经常可以互换使用；while引导的从句通常表示一段时间，从句中宜用持续性动词作谓语。当从句中的谓语动词为持续性动词时，这三者可以通用（前面例句中已有体现），再如： 1 / 18 Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as / when / while father was away in France.妈妈担心，因为小艾丽思病了，特别是当父亲远在法国的时候。 如果从句和主句要表示一个人的两个动作交替进行或同时完成时，则多用as，可译为“一边......，一边......”。例如： He looked behind from to time as he went.他一边走，一边不时地往后看。 As time goes on, it's getting warmer and warmer..随着时间的推移，天气变得越来越暖了。 I thought of it just as you opened your mouth.你一张嘴我就知道你要 说什么。（若表示两个短促动作几乎同时发生时，用as的场合多于when.） 当主从句之间表示转折或对比关系时，多用while, 不用as或when。如：
高中状语从句讲解+练习 状语通常由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词和从句等担当。例如： 1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副词) 2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介词状短语) 3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式) 4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (过去分词) 5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因状语从句） 状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语。一般可分为九大类，尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词即考点。现分别列举如下: 1．时间状语从句 常用引导词：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until 特殊引导词：the minute, the moment, the second, the instant, immediately , directly, every time, the day，no sooner …than, hardly …when, scarcely …when （1）Tell him I need to see him the minute he arrives. 他一到就告诉他我要见他。 （2）The children ran away from the orchard(果园) the moment they saw the guard. The moment he saw me, he ran away. 他一看见我，就跑了。 He said he’d call you the moment he got home. 他说他一到家就给你打电话 （3）The instant I saw him, I knew he was the man from the restaurant. （4）Immediately you begin to speak, he gives you his full attention.你只要一开始说话，他就全神贯注地听。 （5）My sister came directly she got my message. 我妹妹一收到我的信息就来了。 （6）Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble. （7）no sooner... than... ，"一...就..." ，引导时间状语从句,主句用过去完成时,"than"后面的从句用一般过去时.(从这里可以知道,no sooner后面是主句;than后面是从句) 例: I had no sooner reached home than it began to rain. 我一到家天就下起雨来 No sooner ...than...常放在句首,表示强调.这时主句要倒装. 例:No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain. （8）He had hardly sat down when the telephone rang.他刚坐下电话就响了。 He had scarcely sat down when there was a knock at the door. 他刚坐下就有人敲门 另外，如果把hardly放于句首，主句要用倒装结构。如： Hardly had I finished eating when he came in. 我刚吃完他就进来了。 2．地点状语从句 常用引导词：where 特殊引导词：wherever, anywhere, everywhere Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories. She was standing exactly where you are standing now那时他就站在你现在站的地方。 Stay where you are.呆在原地别动。 Wherever you go, you should work hard. Sit anywhere you like 随便坐吧 3．原因状语从句
状语从句 状语从句在句中作状语,可分为:时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。 一、时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的连词有:when, as, while, until, not…until, before, after, since, the minute, the moment, each( every, next, the first time等。时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。 1.When , while, as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。 1When Eg: When I arrived home , I had a little rest. 注意点: when 从句的主语与主句主语相同,谓语动词是be 动词时,从句主语和be可以省略。 Eg: When (she was walking along the street, she met her class teacher. 2As As 除了表示“当```的时候”,还可表示为“一面```一面”,“随着” Eg: He sang as he danced.(一面```一面 You will grow wiser as you grow older.(随着 3While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,从句一般 用进行时,从句动词必须是延续性动词。
Eg: While we were working, they were having a rest. While (they were having a discussion, they got very confused. 注意点: while 有对比的含义,解释为“然而”。 eg: I prefer black tee, while he likes coffee. 2.until, not…until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词;在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。 肯定句:I waited until midnight. 否定句:I did not leave until midnight. 注意点: 1not until…在句首,主句用倒装 eg: Not until you had explained how did I manage to do it. 2 It is not until…that…引导的强调句 It was not until it was dark that he came back. 3. the minute, the moment, each time都可表示“一```就```” eg: The worker recognized the type of the machine the moment he saw it. 注意点: the minute, the moment, each ( every, next, the first time作连词不和when 连用。 4.Hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than, as soon as表示为“一```就```”
状语从句 在复合句中作状语，位置灵活。 状语从句可分为时间状语从句，目的状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句，地点状语从句，原因状语从句，方式状语从句，结果状语从句。 （一）时间状语从句 1.when, as, while a.when表时间，从句既可以用延续性动词，又可以用瞬间动词。 Eg: When I get there I will call you. 如果when引导的时状的主语与主句的主语相同，而从句的谓语又是be动词时，那么从句中的主语与be 可省。 Eg：When （you are）in trouble, you can ask her for help. 如果when引导的时状的主语与主句的主语相同时，往往可以用“when+分词”的形式代替该状从。Eg：When I came into the room(When coming into the room), I found the light was off. b.while表时间，从句需用延续性动词，或者主句的动作发生在从句的动作进行过程中。主句的谓语动词 通常是非延续性动词。 Eg: He came in while I was reading a book. I met her while I was in school. c. as表时间，与when相似，但侧重强调主从句动作同在时间点或同时间段进行。同时可表示主句的动作随着从句的动作的变化而变化。 Eg: He jumps as he sings. As the wind rose, the noise increased. 2.before(在……之前)与after（在……之后） Eg：See me before you leave. I saw them after I arrived. 3. till与until 肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某时"。否定形式表达的意思是"直至某时才做某事"。 Eg: Wait till/untill I call you. 等着直到我叫你。 She didn't arrive till/until 6 o'clock.. 她直到6点才到 但是置于句首时只可用untill. Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。否定形式有另外两种表达方式： (1)Not until …在句首，主句用倒装。 Man did not know what heat was until the early years of the 19th century. =Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat was. (2)It is not until…that… He will not go to bed until his mother comes home. =It is not until his mother comes home that he will go to bed. 4. as soon as/the moment/the instant/the second/the minute/immediately和hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than a. as soon as/the moment/the instant/the second/the minute/immediately 表示主句和从句的动作同时发生。译为“一……就” Eg：As soon as she heard the news, she began crying. b. hardly/scarcely…when, no sooner…than都可以表示"一……就……"的意思，但主句谓语动词一般要用过去完成时，从句谓语动词要用一般过去时。 Eg：I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain. I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain。 1. We called the First - Aid Center_______ the traffic accident happened. A. immediately B. shortly C.quickly D. hurriedly 2. The roof fell _____he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. A. before B. as C. after D. until 3. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity he reaches the end of the story. A when B whenever C.after D.until 4. I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _______ I heard the voices. A. as B. for C. while D.when 5. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse. １
状语从句 状语从句在句中相当于副词做状语, 又叫副词性从句。状语从句分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、让步状语从句、结果状语从句和 比较状语从句。掌握状语从句应当从引导词入手，注意引导词的词义,引导状语从句的引导词都有词义，所以，了解引导词的意思尤为重要。引导词按意义分为九类: 1）时间 when , as , while , till , until , before , after , since 2）地点 where 3）原因 because , as , since , now that 4）条件 if , unless , once . so （as） long as . in case 5）让步 though , whatever （--ever ） as , even though , even if 6）目的 so that , in order that 7）结果 so ... that 8）比较 than , as .. as 9）方式 as , as if 一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有： 1）till, not … until …, until, before, since Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. He waited for his father until（till）it was twelve o’clock. It will be five years before he returns from England. 常用句型：It is/was/will be …before…要过多久才…… It isn’t /wasn’t/won’t be…before…没有多久就…… It will be another five days before we finish this task. It is not long before I forgot it all. 2）hardly / scarcely … when, no sooner … than, as soon as, once表示“一……就” 3）directly, immediately, the moment, the minute that… 一……就 He made for the door directly he heard the knock. 4）each time, every time, by the time（到……为止） Each time he came to my city, he would call on me. 注意：表示未来情况，主句用将来时，从句用现在时。 二、让步状语从句 （1）although与though可以引导让步状语从句，不能与but连用，但可以与yet连用。 Although they are poor,（yet）they are warm-hearted. （2）even if或even though引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”，“纵然”，用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。