A
氨基三乙酸(NTA)@aminotriacetic acid
胺基@amino
铵基@ammonium
安全地层@safe formation
安全试破@safe destruction
安全钻井@safe drilling
坳陷@down warping region
螯合@chelation
凹陷@sag
凹陷地层@subsidence formation
奥陶系@Ordovician system
API模拟法@API recommened method
B
多靶点@multiple target point
白沥青@white asphalt
白油@mineral oil
白云母@white mica
半透膜@semipermeable membrane
包被絮凝剂@flocculant
包被@envelop
包被抑制性@encapsulating ability
饱和度@saturation
饱和度剖面图@profile map of degree of saturation
饱和盐水@saturated salt water
背斜@anticlinal
钡@barium
苯环@benzene ring
苯酚@phenyl hydroxide
本质区别@essential difference
泵压过高@overhigh pumping pressure
比表面积@specific surface area
比吸水量@specific absorption
比重瓶法@density bottle method
避免@avoid
蓖麻油@ricinus oil
边界摩擦@boundary friction
扁藻（浮游植物）@algae 变化趋势@variation trend
标准化@standardization
标准粘度测量@standard visicosity measure 表面粗糙度@roughness of the surface
表面电位@surface electric potential
表面活性剂@surfactant ,surface active agent 表面能@interface energy
表面粘度@surface viscosity
表面抛光@sample surface
Aibbs表面弹性@Aibbs surface elasticity
表面张力@surface tension
表明@verify /reveal
表皮系数(S)@skin coefficient
憋钻@bit bouncing
宾汉方程@bingham equation
丙三醇@glycerine
丙烯情@acrylonitrile
丙烯酸@acrylic acid
丙烯酸盐@acrylate
丙烯酰胺@acrylamide
薄而韧的泥饼@thin,plastic and compacted mud-cake@
薄片@flake
薄弱地层@weak formation
泊松比@poisson’s ratio
剥离@peel off
补救@remediation
不分散泥浆@nondispersed mud
不干扰地质录井@play no role in geological logging
不均质储层@heterogeneous reservoir
不均匀@uneven
不可逆@irreversible
不同程度@inordinately
部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(PHPA)@partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide
C
参数优选@parametric optimization
残酸@reacted acid
残余饱和度@residual staturation
残渣@gel residue , solid residue
测量@measure
侧链@side chain
侧钻水平井@sidetrack horizontal well
层间@interlayer
层间距@the distance between the two crystal layer, layer distance
层理@bedding
层流@layer flow
差减法@minusing
尝试@trial
柴油@diesel oil
长连缔合物@long chain associated matter
操作方法@operation method
超伸井@high deep well
超深预探井@ultradeep prospecting well
超声波@ultrasonography
超高密度泥浆@extremely high density mud 超细碳酸钙@super-fine calcium carbonate
产层@production/pay zone
产层亏空@reservoir voidage
产量@production ,output
沉淀@precipitation
沉降@subside
沉降速度@settling rate
沉砂@sand setting
衬套@sleeve
程序@program
成对水平井@paired parallel horizontal wells 成分@ingredient
成胶剂@gelatinizing agent
成膜树脂@film-forming resin
成岩性差@poor diagenetic grade
承压@bearing pressure
承压低@lower pressure resistance
承压能力@loading capacity
尺寸@dimension
斥力@repulsion
除硫效果@sulfur limitation effect 除硫剂@sulfur elimination
除砂器@desander
触变性@thixotropy
触变剂@thixotropic agent
垂沉@sag
垂直井@vertical well
充气钻井液@aerated drilling fluid
磁化@magnetization
次生有机阳离子聚合物@secondary organic cationic polymer
冲砂@sand removal
冲蚀@flush
冲刷@washing out
冲洗@clean
冲洗效率@cleaning efficiency
冲洗液@washing fluid
从…角度@from the standpoint of
丛式井@cluster well
稠化剂@gelling agent
稠油区@viscous oil area
稠油藏@high oil reservoir
初步分析@preliminary analysis
初始稠度@initial consistency
初始粘度@initial viscosity
初探@primary investigation
处理剂@additive ,treating-agent
粗分散泥浆@coarse dispersed mud
粗泡沫堵漏工艺@coarse-foam plugging technology
促凝剂@accelerating agent
醋酸@acetate
醋酸钠@sodium acetate
窜流@fluid channeling
脆裂@embrittlement crack
脆性@brittle/crisp ,fragility
催化剂@accelerant , catalyst
萃取剂@extracting agent
D
达西定律@Darcy’s equation
大段水层@thick aqueous formation
大分子氢键络合作用@polycomplexation of hydrogen bond
大灰量@mass slurry
大井斜角@high deviation angle
大块岩样@big rock sample
大块钻屑@massive drilling cuttings
大类@genera
大理石@marble
大砾石层@large gravel bed
大量分析@quantitative analysis
大排量洗井@high flow rate washover
大排量循环@high flow rate circulation
大位移定向井@extended-reach directional well
大斜度钻井@big inclination/angle drilling
大直径井眼@large hole
代表性岩心@representive core sample
单宁酸@tannate
单体@monomer
单相关分析法@analyzing method of single correlation
单相关系数加权@coefficient weighted method of single correlation
单轴抗压强度@uniaxial compressive strength
氮@nitrogen
N-羟甲剂胺@N-hydroxymethyl amine
淡水@fresh water
单向压力暂堵剂@unidirectional pressure temporary plugging additive
导向螺杆钻具@stearable assemly
导向器@guider
等温曲线@isothermal curve
低毒油基@low toxicity oil based
低返速@low return-velocity
低固相泥浆@low solid drilling fluid
低级醛@low-grade aldehyde
低粘土相泥浆@low clay content drilling fluid
狄塞尔堵漏剂@diacel plugging agent
滴定@titration
底水丰富@basal water abundance
底水油藏井@bottom water reservoir well
第二界面@second contact surface 缔合物@associated matter
地层@formation
地层出液量@formation fluid production
地层破碎@straturn breaking
地层倾角大@higher formation clination
地层水@formation water
地层损害@formation damage
地面岩心压汞@surface core mercury injection test
地下水@groundwater , subsurface water
地应力@ground stress
地质@geology
地质构造@geologic structure
淀粉@starch
电测@electronic logging
电导率@electric conductivity
电荷@electricity
电化学法@electrochemistry method
电解质@electrolyte
电镜分析@electronic microscope photos
电位@potential fall
ξ电位@zeta potential
电性@electric property
电泳法@electrophoresis method
电子探针@electron spectrum
调查@census
顶替过程@displacing operation
定量设计@quantitative design
定向井@direction well
定子@stator
冻胶@gel
动静弹性模量@dynamic and static elasticity modulus
动力稳定性@settling stability
动力学@kinetics
动态滤失@dynamic filtration
动切力@yield value
动塑比@ratio of dynamic shear force/yield value to plastic viscosity
堵漏@plugging
堵塞@seal
堵塞比(DR)@damage ratio
堵塞物@bulkhead
堵水@water shutoff
毒性大@high toxicity
毒性污染环境@toxicity ruins the environment
短过渡@short transition time
短纤维@brief fiber
断层发育@mature fault
断裂带@faulted zone
对策@countermeasure
多产层@multilayered reservoir
多分支侧钻井@multi-lateral sidetracking well
多功能添加剂@multifunction additive
多孔介质@porons medium
多目标定向井@multi-target directional well
多相稳态胶体悬浮体系@polynomial gel suspension system
多元醇@polyatomic alcohol
多元非线性回归@multielement non-linesr regression
多元统计@multivariate statistics
惰性材料@inert material
惰性润滑剂@inert lubricant
E
二次沉淀@secondary precipitation
二叠系@Permian system
二甲胺@dimethylamine
二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵@dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride
二价阳离子@bivalent ion
二开@second section
二氧化碳（CO2） carbon dioxide
二元共聚物@binary polymer
F
发气剂@gas-development
发展趋势@development tendency
反排解堵@plug removal by reverse flow 范氏力@van der waals force
范氏粘度计@fann viscosimeter
返回@go back to
方便钻井液复合粉@convenient mud compound powder
方程@equation
芳香烃@aromatic group
防窜水泥@anti-fluid-channeling cement
防腐@anti-corrosion
防卡@pipe-sticking prevention ,anti-sticking
防漏失@lost circulation prevention
防气窜@anti-fluid-channeling
防塌机理@mechanism of anti-caving
防塌剂@anti-caving/collapse agent , clay stabilizer
防止@prevent…from
纺织@textile
放空不返@loss of bit load with loss return
放射性示踪剂@radioactive tracer tritium
非均质@nonhomogeneity
非离子@nonionic
非牛顿流体@non-newtonian fluid
非渗透性@impervious
废泥浆@mud disposal
沸石@zeolite
分布@distribution
分段固井技术@stage cementing technology
分光度法@spectrophotometer
分类@division
分散@dispersion
分散剂@dispersant
分散介质@dispersion medium
分析@analysis
分形理论@fractal theory
分形几何@fractal geometry
分子@molecules
分子间能量交换@energy exchange between molecules
分子量@molecular weight
分子链@molecular chain
分子形态@shape of molecular chain
粉尘@dust
粉煤灰@fly ash
粉末@powder
粉砂质@aleuritic texture
酚羟基的邻位或对位氢@p-or o-hydrogen atom of phenolic group
封闭剂@sealing agent
封闭稳定@good isolation
封堵@formation sealing
封堵剂@formation sealant
封固段@interval isolation
扶正器@centralizer
氟硼酸@borofluorhydric
浮力效应@effect of buoyancy
孵化速度@incubation
浮游植物@floating vegetation
复合@combine
复合离子@multifunctional ionic
复合离子聚合物@amphiprotic/amphoteric polymers ,
复合金属两性离子聚合物@composite metal zwitterionic polymer
复合聚合物泥浆@compound-polymer mud
复配方案@compositional formulation
复杂地层@complex formation, troublesome region ,trick formation
复杂度@complex rate
复杂时效@outage time
复杂情况@down-hole troublesome condition 腐蚀@corrosion
腐蚀电位@corrosion potential
腐蚀速率@corrosion rate
腐殖酸@humate ,humic acid
腐殖酸钾(KHm)@potassium humic
辅料@auxiliary material
负@negative@
负压钻井@underbalanced drilling
符合@accord with
符合率@coincidence@rate
副产品@by-product
附加密度@addition mud density
G
改善泥饼质量@improvement of mud cake 改性@modification
改性淀粉@modified starch
改性沥青@modified asphalt
改造@refomation
钙@calcium
钙矾石@ettringite
钙膨润土钠化@sodium modified calcium betonite@
干混拌技术@mixing technology
干扰@interfere with
甘油@glycerol
锆@zirconium
高分子@higher molecular weight
高分子聚合物@macromoleclar polymer@
高分子絮凝剂@polymer flocculant
高负荷@high load
高级脂肪醇树脂@higher fatty alcohol
高价金属阳离子@high valent cationic
高角度微裂缝@high angle micro-fracture
高矿化度地层水@highly mineralized formation brines
高岭土@kaolinite
高炉矿渣(BFS)@blast furnace slag
高密度钻井液@high density drilling fluid
高难度@high challenge
高粘度清扫液@viscous sweeping fluid
高砂比@high sand ratio
高温静置@quiescence in high temperature
高温泥浆@high-temperature mud
高吸水量树脂@absorbent resin
高温高压流变仪@HTHP rheometer
高效润滑剂@super lubricant
高压盐水层@high pressured slatwater layer
膏岩层@gypsolyte
膏质泥岩@creaming mudstone
膏状磺化沥青@paste sulphonated asphalt
隔离冲洗液@spacer/flushing fluid
隔离膜@isolating membrane
各向异性@anisotropy
工程@engineering
共聚@copolymerization
共聚物@copolymer
共聚物类降粘剂@copolymer thinner
狗腿@dogleg
构造裂缝@structural fracture
固化@solidification
固化剂@hardener , curing agent
固井技术@cementing technology
固体团块@solid cake
固相@solid phase
固相含量@solid concentration
固相颗粒@solid particles
固相颗粒侵入@solid invasion
固相控制技术@solid control technology
固相损害@damage of particles
固液分离技术@centrifugal separation method
胍胶@guargum
瓜尔胶@guar
挂片失重法@weight loss method@
关掉电机@turn off the power
光谱@spectroscopy
硅@silicone
硅粉@silica powder
硅氟@fluosilicic
硅铝比@ratio of silicate to aluminium
硅酸钠@sodium silicate
硅酸盐@silicate
滚轮失重法@roller weight loss method
国内外@home and abroad
过渡金属@transitional metal
过平衡压力@over-balanced pressure
过剩浓度@residual concentration
过氧化物@peroxide
H
海绿石@chlorite
海上@offshore
海水泥浆@sea water mud
海湾@bay
海洋生物@marine animal
含量@content
含水量@moisture content
耗氧量（COD）@chemical oxygen demand
耗氧量(BOD520)@biological oxygen demand
核桃壳粉@walnut shell flour
核磁共振（NMR）@nuclear magnetic resonance
合成@synthesis
合成基钻井液@synthetic base drilling fluid
合格@eligible
合理级配@reasonable distribution
褐煤@lignite
赫巴模式@Herschel-Buckley model
黑色正电胶(BPG)@black positive gel
恒定滤失速率@constant filtration rate
葫芦串@irregular borehole
护胶剂@colloid protecting resistance
护胶作用@colloid stability
互层@interbeded
红外光谱@infrared spectrography
花岗岩@granite
划眼作业@reaming operation
化学螯合剂@chelating agent
化学冲洗液@chemically washing solution
化学结垢(沉淀)@chemical precipitation
环保型@environment friendly /acceptable
环境保护@environment protection
环空当量密度@annular equivalent density
环空返速@velocity in annular@
环空压耗@annular pressure lost
环氧丙烷@epoxypropare
环氧氯丙烷(ECH)@epoxy chloropropane ,epichlorohydric
缓蚀剂@corrosion inhibitor
磺化@sulfonation
磺化酚醛树脂@sulfomethal phenolaldehy resin
磺化剂@sulfonating agent
磺化类处理剂@sulfonated additives
磺化沥青@sulfonated gilsonite
磺化沥青泥浆@sulfonated-asphalt mud
磺甲基酚醛树脂@sulfonated methypheuo formald-ehyde
磺酸基团@sulfonic acid group ,sulfo group
灰色关联分析法@gray relative analysis method
灰岩@limestone
回归分析@regressive analysis
回收率@recovery percent
回填还耕@refilling for plowland
火成岩@igneous rock
火山喷发岩@volcanic
混合金属层状氢氧化物(MMLHC)@mixed metal layer hydroxide compound
混合金属氢氧化物(MMH)@mixed metal hydroxides
混合纤维@composite fiber
混合盐水@mixed salt
活动套管@moving casing
活度@water activity
活性硅灰@activated grammite
活性粘土矿物@active clayey mineral
活性污泥法@activated sludge process
宏观@macroscopic
J
基液@base fluid
机械力@mechanical
机械杂质@mechanical impurity
机械钻速(ROP)@rate of penetrate
及时反出@timely return
极限剪切粘度@high shear viscosity
极限应变@ultimate strain
极性基团@polar group
极压润滑剂@pressured/extreme@lubricator 挤堵@squeeze
激光多普勒测速仪(LDA)@laser Doppler anemometer
激光粒度仪@laser particle analyzer
激活剂@activator
技术措施@technical measure
技术讲座@workshop for technology
技术经济效果@technical-economic effect
技术套管@intermediate casing
季铵盐@quaternary ammonium, anionic group
钾@potassium ,kalium
钾基石灰泥浆@potassium base lime mud 甲硅烷基化处理@methylsilicane
甲基@methyl
甲基硅油聚磺高密度钻井液@methyl silicone oil polysulfonate
drilling fluid with high density
甲醛@formaldehyde , methanal
甲酸盐@formate
加量@dosage
加重剂@heavy weight additive
加重泥浆@weighted mud
加重钻井液“垂沉”@sag phenomenon of weighted drilling fluid
架桥粒子@bridge particle
价数@valence
监督@supervision
碱@alkali
简化泥浆处理@simplify mud treatment
简介@brief description
检查井@inspection well
检测@inspection/monitor
减轻剂@lightening admixture
减阻剂@anti-friction agent , drag reducer
剪切破坏@shear failure
剪切稀释能力@shear thinning property , shearing dilution
剪切应力@shear stress
键@bond
健康,安全与环境(HSE)@health , safety and environment
间隙@clearance
降解产物@degradation products
降粘机理@thinning mechanism
降粘剂@thinner,visbreaker
降失水剂@fluid loss agent/additive, filtration reducer
胶结强度 bonding/consolidation strength
胶结疏松@weak bonding
胶囊破胶剂@encapsulated gel breaker
胶凝@gelatify
胶凝性质@jellyfication
胶乳@latex
胶体率@colloid fraction
胶体稳定性@colloid stability
胶质@gum
交联@cross-linking
交联剂@cross linker
交联冻胶@gel cross-linking
交换液@exchange fluid
接近@concordant with
结垢@precipitation, scale deposit , fouling
结构可瞬时形成或拆散@quick formation and breaking
结构强度@structural strength@
结合@refer to
结晶@crystallization
结晶水@crystal water
接触角@contact angle
接枝共聚物@grafting copolymerization
解卡剂@pipe free agent
介质@medium
界面@interface
界面胶结@interfacial cementation
金属@metal
金属离子@metal ions
紧密堆积理论@theory of high packing
近井壁@near-well zone
近平衡钻井@near-balanced drilling
浸出液@leaching agent
浸酸改造@acidizing
经验性总结分析@empirical analysis
晶格@lattice bond
净化技术@solid control
井壁稳定@borehole
井壁稳定@hole stability ,stable borehole
井底@downhole
井底静止温度低(BHST)@low borehole static temperature
井段@interval/section
井径@well/hole gauge
井径规则@regular and consistent borehole gauge
井径扩大率@hole diameter enlargement rate 井口@wellhead
井漏@lost circulation
井身结构@wellbore configuration
井下安全@downhole safety
井下复杂情况@down hole problem
井斜@inclination 井眼@well bore ,borehole
井眼轨迹@well track
井眼净化@hole cleaning
井眼缩径@hole shrinkage
井眼稳定@hole stability
井涌@kick
浸泡时间@soak time
静切力(结构力)@gel strength/static shear force
静损害@static damage
静态挂片法@static weight loss method
静态滤失@static filtration
静液柱压差@hydrostatic column pressure difference@
静置@quiescence
静止消泡时间@static defoaming time
静置沉淀@static settlement
居中@centralization
居中度@centralizer
聚α－烯基 polyalphaolifen
聚丙烯青铵盐@ammonium@polyacryhoitril 聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)@polyacrylamide
聚电解质@poly-electrolyte
聚合醇@polyalcohol , polyol
聚合物不分散泥浆@non dispersed polymer mud
聚合物降滤失水剂@polymer filtration control agent
聚合物三磺盐水泥浆@three-sulfonated polymer salt mud
聚合物钻井液@polymer drilling fluid
聚合物混油钻井液@poly-oil mixture drilling fluid
聚磺钻井液@sulphonated polymer mud
聚结稳定性@coagulation stability
聚乙二醇(PEG)@polyethyleneglycol
聚乙烯醇(PV A)@polyvinyl alcohol
K
卡森方程@Casson equation
卡钻@pipe-sticking
卡钻因子@stuck-pipe factor
勘探与开发@exploration and development 开发井@development well
开钻泥浆@spud mud
抗冲击韧性@toughness
抗冲击性@impact resistance
抗电解质@potential resistance to electrolyte contamination
抗钙@compatibility of calcium
抗裂程度@rupture strength
抗温抗盐@heat and salinity tolerance
抗压强度@compressive strength
抗折强度@breaking strength
栲胶@tannin , quebrocho
克@gram
颗粒@particle
颗粒级配理论@theory of granulartity
苛刻@rigorous
可变形粒子@deformation particle
可靠@inerrable
可逆@reversible
可溶性盐@soluble salt
可压缩性@compressibility
可用性@feasibility
可钻性@drillability
刻度盘@dial scale
坑内密封法@seal in a pit
空气湿度@air humidity
孔洞@cavern
孔喉@pore throat
孔隙@pore
孔隙度测井@porosity log
孔隙压力@pore pressure
孔隙液@pore fluid
快钻剂@quick drilling
矿化度@mineral salt concentration , mineralization
矿石@ore
矿物@mineral
矿物组分@mineralogical composation
矿物晶体@mineral crystal
矿物油@mineral oil
矿渣@slag
扩散@diffusion L
老化时间@ageing time
老区@maturing field
雷诺数@Renault number
类别@category
累计厚度@gross thickness
累托石@rectorite
沥青@asphalt ,gilsonite,bitumen
沥青类产品@gilsonite and similar materials 离心法敏感性评价@centrifugation sensitivity evaluation
离心机@centrifugal machine
离心机固控技术@centrifugal solid control
离子@ionic
离子形态@ionic forms
粒度@grain grade
粒度分布@particles/size distribution
粒度分析@particles size analysis
粒子@particle
砾石充填@gravel pack
连通性@formation communication
连续提取法@continuous extraction
两凝水泥浆@two-stage cementing cement
两性离子@zwitter ionic
裂缝@fissure
裂缝壁@side of fracture plugging
裂隙地层@fractured formation
裂隙滞后效应@fracture lag-effect
邻井@offset/adjacent well
林产@forestry
淋洗量@wash out amount
磷@phosphorus
磷酸@phosphate
磷酸氢二铵@diammonium phosphate
磷酸盐@phosphate@salt
磷酸酯@organic phosphate
临界点@critical point
临界环空流速@critical annular fluid velocity 临界流量@critical flow velocity
临界盐度@critical salinity
零点@zero point
零析水@zero free water
硫@sulfur
硫化氢@hydrogen sulfide
硫化物@sulfide
硫酸@sulfate
硫酸钠@sodium sulphate
流变参数@reheological parameter
流变模式@reheology model
流变性@rheology behavior
流变性能改进剂@rheology conditioner
流变学@rheology
流动度@fluidity
流动介质@flow media
流动孔喉@flowing pore throat
流动摩阻压力@flowage friction drag
流动实验@flow test
流动阻力@flow resistance
流沙层@drift sand formation
流态@flow pattern
流体力学@hydromechanics theory
流体输送减阻@accelerating fluid feeding
流型@fluid type
漏斗粘度@funnel viscosity
漏失@lost circulation
漏失层位@location of the thief zone
漏失通道@porous media
陆上@onshore
卤虫(甲壳类动物)@crustacean
卤水@bitter
(luo)@chromium
络合@coordination ,chelate
络合行为热效应@thermal effect of the coordination
录井@log
裸眼@open well
裸眼井段@barefoot interval
滤饼@filter cake
滤失量@filtration
滤饼电性质@electro kinetic property
滤液@filtrate
滤液侵入@filtrate invasion
铝@aluminum
铝酸盐@aluminate 氯酚@chlophenol
氯化钙(CaCl2)@calcium chloride
氯化物@chloride
KCl溶液@potassium chloride solution
M
马来酸酐@maleic anhydride
埋深@burial depth
满足…需要@meet requirement of
曼尼希反应@Mannick reaction
芒硝层@chuco
毛细管吸收时间测定仪(CST)@capillary suction timer
毛细管压力@capillary pressure
酶@enzyme
煤层@coal bed
煤层气储层@coalbed methane reservoir
镁@magnesium
门限流动压差@threshold differential pressure of flow
蒙脱石@smectite
咪错基@imidazoline
醚基@ether
密胺树脂@melamine resin
密闭液@sealing fluid
密度@density
密实@dense
幂律模式@power law method
敏感性@sensitivity
敏感性流动实验@flowrate test
膜@film , membrane
磨铣@mill
摩擦@friction
摩擦付@friction couples
摩擦系数@friction coefficient
摩阻损失@friction loss
末端毛细管阻力@terminal capillary pressure 木质素磺酸盐@lignosulfonate
模拟@analog, simulate
模式(型)@model
目@mesh
N
纳米材料@nano-composite material
纳米技术@nano-tech
钠@sodium
钠化@sodium treatment
钠膨润土泥浆@sodium bentonite mud
囊衣@capsule dressing
囊芯@capsule-core
内聚力@cohesion
内摩擦角@internal frictional angle
内泥饼@internal filter cake
内切圆半径 inscribed circle radius
内烯烃@isomerised@olefins
内源和外源颗粒@endogenous and exogenous granula
内在因素@intermediate factor
能量交换@energy exchange
泥包@bit balling
泥饼@mud-cake
泥饼强度冲刷仪@mud filter cake tester
泥浆处理@mud treatment
泥浆跟踪剂@mud tracer
泥浆配方@mud formula
泥浆转化为水泥浆(MTC)@mud to cement
泥岩@mudstone , conglomerate
泥页岩@shale ,@argillutite
泥质膏岩@argillaceous
粘度@viscosity
粘度极大值@maximum viscosity
粘度计@viscosimeter
粘附@adhere
粘附张力@adhesive tension
粘弹性@viscoelastic
粘土@clay
粘土分级评价法@method of grading mud-making clay
粘土矿物层间距(d001)@crystal@indices
粘土矿物含量@clay mineral content
粘土片@clay latice
粘土膨胀@clay swelling 粘土膨胀倍数@swelling ratio of clays
粘土稳定性@clay stability
粘性流体@viscous fluid
柠檬酸@citric acid
凝固点@freezing point
凝析油@condensate oil
牛顿流体@Newtonian fluid
扭距@torque
浓度@concentration
浓硫酸@strong sulfuric
浓缩@concentration
P
排列@line along
排驱压力@displacement pressure
排水@water draining
剖面图@profile map
泡沫流体实验装置@aerated fluid test simulator
泡沫剂@foaming agent
泡沫衰变机理@foam decay mechanism
泡沫质量@foam quality
泡沫钻井液@foam drilling fluid
配方@formula ,recipe ,composition
配浆时间@drilling fluid preparing time
配位体@ligand
配伍性@compatibility
配制@madeup
盆地@basin
喷@blowout
喷射钻井@jet drilling
喷嘴粘度@nozzle viscosity
膨润土@bentonite ,montmorillonite
膨润土含量@bentonite content
膨胀@swell
膨胀剂@sweller
膨胀率@expansion ratio
膨胀性堵漏材料@expandable plugging additives
硼冻胶@boracium gel
硼砂@borax
硼酸盐@borate
偏心度@excentricity
偏移@shift
片麻岩@gneiss
漂珠@hollow microsphere
品种@variety
平衡线膨胀率@equalibrium linear expansion value
平衡压力钻井@balanced drilling
评价@evaluation
评价标准@evaluation criterion
评价井@appraisal well
平板型层流@plate laminar flow
平均井深@average well depth
平均线膨胀率@average expansion rate
平均直径@mean diameter
屏蔽环@shielding zone
屏蔽暂堵技术@temporary shielding method ,barrier-building temporary seal incores
破胶剂@gel breaker
破胶性@breaking property
破裂压力@fracture pressure
破裂压力梯度@fracture pressure gradient
破乳@break the emulsion
破乳剂@demulsifying agent
葡萄糖@glucose
Q
起到重要作用@play an important role
起泡剂@frothing agent
起下钻阻卡@blockage during tripping
气液表面能@gas-liquid interface energy
迁移@migration
前置液@prepad fluid
铅（Pb） lead
潜在因素@implicit factor
潜山@buried hill
浅高压气层@shallow high pressure gas formation
浅海@shallow-water , neritic area
浅井@shallow well
嵌段聚合物@block polymer
欠饱和盐水钻井液@unsaturated salt water drilling fluid
欠平衡钻井@underbanlanced drilling
欠压实@uncompaction
羟基@hydroxy
羟基水@hydroxy water
羟丙基淀粉@hydroxypropul starch
羟乙基纤维素@hydroxyethyl cellulose
强造浆软泥岩@high mud making soft shale
桥堵剂@bridge additive
切力@shearing force
侵入深度@invasion depth
侵蚀@erosion
亲核化学吸附@nucleophyllic chemical adsorption
亲水环境@hydrophilic environment
亲水性@hydrophilcity
亲油性@lipophilic
氢@hydrogen
氢氟酸@hydrofluoric acid
氢键@hydrogen bond
氢氧化钠@alkali
氢氧化钙@calcium hydroxide
清扫液@sweeping fluid
清水@clear water
清洗剂@cleaning agent
蜻纶@acrylon fiber
蜻纶费丝@nitrilon
倾角@dip angle
丘陵@hill type
球形胶束@roundness glues
区块@block
屈服强度@shear strength
屈服值@yielding point
曲边三角形@curved line trangle
取代度@substituted ratio
取芯@core,coring operation
取芯进尺@coring footage
取芯收获率@coring recovery rate
曲线@curve
去除@wipe off
醛@aldehyde
R
热采井@thermal production wells
热分析@thermoanalysis
热滚@hot aging
热滚分散实验@roller oven test , hot rolling test
热力学@thermodynamics
热凝橡胶@coagulative rubber
热效应@thermal effect@
热稳定性@temperature resistance ,heat stability ,stability
at high temperature
热重法(TG)@thermogravimetry
人工神经网络@artificial neural network
韧性@tenacity
韧性粒子@tenacity particle
日产气@daily gas
融合@amalgamation
溶洞@cave
溶胶@sol
溶解氧@dissolved oxygen
溶蚀@corrode
溶蚀性孔洞@solution cave@
溶液@solution
柔性棒状胶束@flexibility claviform glues
蠕虫状胶束@vermiculate glues
乳滴聚结实验@emulsion drop aggregation test
乳化@emulsify ,emulsion
乳化剂@emulsifier
乳化钻井液@emulsion drilling fluid
乳化作用@emulsification
入井液@working fluid
软化点沥青@softening point asphalt
软泥岩@soft mudstone
软件包@software package
润滑剂@lubricant
润滑仪@lubricity tester 润湿反转@wetting transition , wettability reversed
润湿性@wettability
弱面@weak plane
S
塞流顶替@plug-flow displacement
3r/min读值@3r/m reading
三高一适当(3H1S)@three high and one proper
三磺饱和盐水泥浆@three-sulfonated-polymer-saturated-brine mud
三钾胺@dimethyl amine
三甲基单烯丙基氯化铵@trimethyl allyl ammonium chloride
三维网状结构@three-dimensional network structure
三乙醇胺@triethavolamine
散射@scatter
铯@cesium
射孔@perforation
射孔液@perforation fluid
X-射线计算机层析技术(CT)@computerized tomography
沙砾岩@glutenite
砂泥岩@sand shale
砂岩@sand ,sandstone
杀菌剂@bacteriostat
筛管@screen pipe
上泵容易@easy pumpability
上部地层@upper formation /segment
上古生界@upper palaeozoic
上升趋势@escalating trend
上下密度差@difference of densities
上下限@top and bottom limitation
上游领域@upstream
扫描电镜 (SEM)@scanning electronic microscope
设计@design
设计原理@design principle
神经网络@nerve network
深穿透射孔枪弹@deep penetrating bullet 深度@depth
深井钻井@deep drilling
深探井@exploration well
渗流@phase flow s
渗漏@leakage
渗透@peculation `
渗透率@fluid permeability
渗透率各向异性@permeability anisotropy 渗透率恢复值@return permeability
渗透水化@osmotic hydration@
渗透性地层@permeable formation
渗析纯化 purified by dialysis method 声波测井@sonic logging
声幅值@acoustic amplitude
生产能力@production capacity
生态环境@ecology environment
生物处理@biological treatment
生物毒性@biotoxicity
生物降解@biological degradation
生物聚合物@biological polymer ,xanthan 生物流化床法biological fluid bed method 生物滤池法@bio-filter process
生物转盘法@biological rotary method
实验@trail
十八醇@octadecanol
失水@water loss
失重@weightlessness,@weight loss
时间推移技术@time delaying method
石膏@gypsolyte, gypsum
石灰@lime
石蜡@alpha , paraffin wax
石炭系@carboniferous system
石英@quartz
石油加工@oil refinery
石油裂化@petroleum cracking process
施工作业@field operation@
事故率@failure rate
湿挤压@wet-extrusion
室内模拟实验@simulating lab test
室内实验和现场@lab and field
室内研究@laboratory study
室温@ambient temperature 适量@defined amount@
适应温度@reaction temperature
示踪分析法@mud filtrate tracer analysis
释放@release
收缩@shrink
疏水性@hydrophobicity
叔胺盐@tertiary ammonium salt
数据库@data base
数学模型@mathematical model
数字模拟@digital analog
塑料小球@plastic beads
树脂@resin,@colophony s
束缚@irreducible
束缚水@bond water
衰变@decay
瞬时滤失@instantaneous filtration , spurt loss 瞬时速度@instantaneous velocity
双层组合套管固井技术@pipe-in-pipe casing string
双电层斥力@double electrode layer repulsion
双分支侧钻水平井@bi-lateral sidetracking horizontal well
水包油型乳化液@oil-in-water fluid
水不溶物@water insoluble matter
水层@water layer
水化@hydration
水化膨胀分散@hydrous disintegration
水化抑制剂@hydrate control
水泥环@cement sheath
水泥浆@cement slurry
水泥石@set cement
水泥熟料@cement clinker
水泥早强剂@cement hardener
水解@hydration
水解度@hydrolyzing degree
水力学@hydraulics
水基泥浆@water-base drilling fluid
水敏性@water sensitivity
水平井段@net horizontal section
水平井段长@extended horizontal depth
水平井偏心环空@horizontal eccentric annulus
水平位移@horizontal displacement
水溶性@water-soluble
水溶液@aqueous solution
水锁@water lock
水眼粘度@bit nozzle viscosity ,Casson high shear viscosity
锶@strontium
四苯硼酸钠@sodium tetraphenyl borate
四级固控系统@four stage solid control system
四球机@four-ball instrument
松弛测量法@relaxation measurement
松散地层@unconsolidated formation
松散吸附水@adsorbed water
塑性粘度@plastic viscosity
塑性水泥@plastic cement
速度场@velocity field
速敏@speed-sensitivity
速凝@fast setting
速凝剂@accelerator
酸度计滴定法@acidometer titration
酸酐@anhydride
酸碱滴定法@acid-base titration
酸敏@acid sensitivity
酸溶性@acid soluble
酸性条件@acidic condition
酸性粘土@acid clay
酸渣@acid-slug
随钻堵漏@plugging while drilling
顺利@go smoothly
缩合@condensation
缩合共聚@condensation-copolymerization
缩径@hole shrinkage@
羧基@carboxylic ,carboxyl
羧甲基纤维素钠(Na-CMC)@sodium salt of carboxy methyl-cellulose
T
塔里木盆地@tarim basin
太古界@archaeozoic
滩海@tidal
坍塌@slough /cave 坍塌压力@collapse pressure
坍塌页岩@sloughing shale
弹塑性@plastoelasticity
弹性力学@elastic mechanic
弹性模量@elastic modulus
探井@prospecting well
碳化@carbonization
碳酸钙@calcium carbonate
碳酸氢根离子(HCO3-)@bicarbonate ion
碳酸盐@carbonate
碳质@carbon
羰基@carboxide
陶粒@ceramsite
套管@casing
套管壁@casing wall
套管居中@casing centralization
套管开窗井段@window killing section
套管外封隔器@external casing packer
特低密度@ultralow density@
特性粘度@intrinsic viscosity
梯度@gradient
梯度多凝水泥浆@gradient multi-setting cement slurry
提出@propose
提取@extraction
体积分布@volume distribution
体积分散@volume ratio
体积恢复当量@equivalent volume
体系@system
天然或人造@natural and synthetic
填充粒子@filler particle
田青粉@sesbania
调凝剂@thickening time control agent
调整井@adjustment well
铁垢@iron dirty
铁矿粉@hematite
铁离子(Fe) ferrous ion
铁离子稳定剂@ferrous stability
铁落木质素磺酸盐@fer-rochrome lignosulfonte
烃类@hydro carbons
通井@drafting process
同时@simultaneously
同心环空@concentric annulus
统计@statistics
统计分析@statistics analysis
投料比@rate of charge
土酸@clay/mud@acid
钍@thorium
途径@way
突破@breakthrough
W
外部因素@external factors
外源@exogenous
完井液@completion fluid
完善井@improved well
完钻井深@total depth
烷基化@alkylate
烷氧基@alkoxy
万能显微镜@all-powerful microscope
维护简单@maintenance is simple
危险区@dangerous zone
微观@microcosmic
微晶@micro-crystal@
微粒迁移@fine migration
微裂缝@micro-fissure/fracture, microcrack 微米@micron, micrometer
微泡沫钻井液@micro-foam drilling fluid 微膨胀@minimum inflation
微生物@microbe
尾管@liner
位移与垂深比@displacement/vertical depth 未动用石油储藏@undeveloped reservoir 文献@documents published
温度@temperature
稳定泡沫钻井液@stable foam drilling fluid 稳定指数@stability index
稳态波动压力@steady surge pressure
紊流@turbulence
紊流顶替 turbulence displacement
紊流剂@turbulent inducing agent
紊流流场@turbulence flow flied
紊流脉动@turbulent fluctuation
无毒@non-toxicity 无毒生物可降解润滑剂 non-toxicity degradable lubricator
无固相@solidfree
无粘土@clayfree
无机@inorganic
无机盐@inorganic salt
无量纲因子@no-dimensional factor
无味@odourless
污染@contamination
污水回注@waste water reinjection
污油@sump oil
雾化空气钻井@misted air drilling
物理化学性质@phy-chemical property
物性测量@petrophysical properties
误差@measurement error
误差反向分析@error reversed spread method
X
X-射线衍射分析@X-ray diffraction analysis 吸附层厚度@adsorption thickness
吸附等温曲线@adsorption isothermal curve
吸附量@adsorbance
吸附膨胀实验@adsorption swelling method
吸附平衡@adsorption equilibrium
稀硅酸盐@dilute silicate
稀释剂@thinner
稀释作用@dilution effect
烯类单体@allyl monomer
洗井@well clean-up
洗井液@flushing fluid
洗油性能@wash oil character
细度@suitability,@granularity
系列化@systematization
系统@system
系数@coefficient, factor
糠虾@shrimp
下部地层@lower segment
下套管@running casing
下尾管@liner@running
先漏后喷@loss circulation followed blowout 纤维@fiber
纤维素@cellulose
显示器@display screen
酰胺基@amide group
现场@flied ,rig site ,wellsite , onsite
现场试验@field trial/test
现场应用@flied using
现状@current level ,present situation
线性回归@linear regression
线性石蜡@linear alpha
线性α-烯烃@linear alpha olefins
相@phase
相对稳定指数@relative stability index
相互缠绕@involvement
相互关系@correlation
香豆胶@fenugreek gum
橡胶@rubber
硝基腐殖酸钾@nitro-potassium humate ，nitro-humic potassium
硝酸铈胺(CAN)@cerous ammonium nitrate 消泡@defoaming
消泡剂@defoamer ,@antifoaming agent
消泡率@defoamed ratio
消泡指数@defoaming index
小井眼@slim hole
携带液@carrying fluid
携砂性能 proppant carrying capacity
携岩性能@cuttings carrying capacity
斜深@along hole depth
协同抑制@synergistic inhibition
协同作用@synergistic action
纤维形态@fiber shape
纤维素@cellulose
先增加后减少@climb up and then decline
相当长时间@considerable long time
相应的@homologous
新型@novel
锌@zinc
形成@transform into
性能@property /capacity
性能指标@property index
修井液@workover fluid
溴盐@bromine
虚泥饼@false filter cake
絮凝剂@flocculant 续@continuation
悬锤@suspending hammer
悬浮特性@cuttings suspending characteristics
旋转粘度计@rotary viscosimeter
选择性堵水@selective water shutoff
雪佛龙公司@chevvon company
Y
压差@differential pressure
压差卡钻@differential pressure@sticking (of tool )
压耗@pressure loss
压井液@well control fluid ,killing fluid
压力激动@pressure kick
压力降@pressure drop
压力梯度不等@imparity pressure gradient
压力系数@pressure coefficient
压力异常@unnormal formation pressure
压裂支撑剂@proppant
压裂液@fracturing fluid
压裂作业@fracturing work
压漏薄弱地层@leakage of thin layer
亚甲基@methylene
亚甲基蓝吸附法@methylene blue test adsorption
亚类@subgenera
亚硫酸钠@sodium sulfite
亚微颗粒@submicron particle
盐度@salinity
盐膏层@gypsum/slat bed
盐粒@sized salt
盐水@brine ,salt
盐酸@hydrochloric acid
严重@grave
研究@research/study
研究院@research institute@
研究与应用@study and application
岩石力学@rock mechanic
岩相学分类@lithologic division
岩屑床@cuttings bed
岩屑滚动回收率@cuttings roller recovery
岩心端面@core edge
岩心分析@core anylysis
岩心流动实验@core flow test
岩性特征@petrography character
岩样@rock sample
衍生物@derivate
阳离子@cationic
阳离子价数@cationic@valence@
阳离子交换能力@cationic exchange capacity 阳离子交换容量@cationic exchange content 氧@oxygen
氧化钙(CaO) calcium oxide
氧化沥青@oxidated asphalt
养护温度和时间@curing temperature and time
页岩稳定@shale stability
页岩抑制性@shale inhibition
液体非定常流动@fluid abnormal motion
液柱压力@fluid column pressure
一般性能@generic performance
一开@surface section
一氯乙酸@chloroacetic acid
仪器@apparatus
伊利石@illite
伊蒙混层@illite/smectite formation
乙烯基单体@vinyl monomers
乙酰乙酸乙酯(EAcAc)@ethyl acetoacetate
抑制性@inhibitive ability
抑制性差@poor inhibity
抑制剂@inhibitor
易坍塌泥页岩@unstable shale
异常高压@anomalous pressure
阴离子@anionic
阴离子交换容量(AEC)@anionic exchange capacity
引发剂@initiating agent
隐蔽性@elusive
荧光@florescence
荧光分析仪@fluorescence analyser
荧光干扰录井@natural florescence interferes with logging job
荧光级别高@high class of florescence
荧光录井@fluorologging 荧光强度@fluorescence intensity
影响因素@effect factor
影像检测@imaging recognization
硬脆性泥页岩@hard and crisp/brittle shale ,fragile shale
硬胶泡沫钻井液@ebonite foam drilling fluid
应用@application
应用表明@test and verify
应力@stress
应力敏感性@stress sensitivity
永久性@permanent
有机硅@organo-silica
有机配位体@organic ligand
有效成分@effective constituent
玉米淀粉@corn starch
预测@pre-determination
预处理@foreprocess
原理和优缺点@pros and cons
原生裂隙发育@abundant in original fissures
原子@atom
游离油@free oil
油包水型乳化液@water-in-oil fluid
油层损害@formation damage
油管@tubing
油管钢@casing steel
油气层@hydrocarbon reservoir
油气层保护@formation damage control ,reservoir protection
油气含量@hydrocarbone content
油气水层活跃井@oil-gas-water active well
油溶性@oil soluble
油润湿@oil wetting
油田污水回注@rejection of oil flied effluent
油酯@grease
油珠@oil droplets
优化@optimum
优化使用@optimum usage
优选优配@optimum combination
有毒物质@hazardous materials
有害固相@harmful solids
有机盐@organic slat
有机盐溶液@organic slat@solution
有机质@organic matter
有机酯类化合物@organic ester compound@
有助于@take benefit of
优良@distinct
又喷又漏@simultaneous happeness of loss circulation and blowout
铀@uranium
预胶化淀粉@pregelatinized starch
预探井@exploration well
缘@rim
原油@crude oil
云母@mica
Z
杂质@dirt , impurity
在…范围内可调节@be conditional within 在…之间@at a point with
在低温低压条件下@under low temperature low pressure
暂堵剂@temporary plugging additive
早强剂@early strength agent
早强增塑剂@early strength plasticizer
造壁性@well building property
造浆粘土@mud-making clay
造斜井段@kick-off@, build up section
造斜率高@higher rate of building angle
造纸@papermaking
皂仁@soap
增产/效@stimulation
增粘剂@thickening agent , viscosifier
增韧剂@toughness reinforcing agent
增效剂@potentiating agent
增注@stimulation of injection well
张力@tension
找漏@locate thief zone
针对@on account of
针对性@pertinence
针入度仪@penetrometer
珍珠岩@powder pearl
蒸馏水@distilled water
正@positive
正电胶@positive electricity emulsion mud, cationic gel, positive colloid 正电性@electropositivity
正丁醇@butarol
Lc50/96h值@half lethal concentration in 96 hours
支撑剂@proppant
直角稠化@right angle thickening
直链饱和烃@straight chain saturation alkane 植物胶@vegetable gum
植物油@vegetable oil
指数关系@exponential relation
指数模式@power law model
酯化@esterfying
酯基@ester
质量分布@weight distribution
致密坚韧的胶膜@compact strong gel film
制备@manufacture
滞缓@attenuate
滞流带@layer flow
逐步回归分析@step regression
逐步筛选因子@step sizing factor
主链@main chain
主题词@subject terms@
紫外线光谱@ultraviolet spectroscopy
自来水@tap water
自然伽玛能谱测井@natural gamma ray spectrometry log
自上而下@from top to bottom
自由水@free water
中半径水平井@medium radius horizontal well
中长筒取芯@middle-long coring barrel
中生界@Mesozoic
中性润湿@middle wet
重量法@gravimtric analysis
重铬酸钾@potassium dichromate
重金属离子@heavy metal ion
重晶石@barite
重塞@weighty mud plunger
主要因素@key factor
注气井@gas injection well
注水@water flooding
注水开发@waterflooding extraction
注入水@injected water
助表面活性剂@cosurfactant
助剂@assist/auxiliary@agent
助排剂@discharge aiding agent
专利@patent
转动@rotate ,rotation
转轮实验法@roller mass loss method
转动钻具@drilling pipe in rotation
准螺旋@similar spiral
浊点@cloud point
自动加重技术@automatically weighting technology
自流井@fountain well
侏罗系@Jurassic
综合评价@comprehensive evaluation
总结@summarize
总量@total content
总体设计@general design
纵向压力@longitudinal pressure
阻力@drag
阻力系数@resistance coefficient
阻尼@damp
组成@constituent
组分@component
钻杆@drill stem
钻井管材@drilling pipe
钻井过程@drilling process
钻井所@drilling institute
钻井完井液@drill in fluid
钻井压差@drilling pressure differential
钻井液@drilling fluid
钻井液结构@drilling fluid structure
钻井液密度@drilling fluid density
钻井液排放@drilling fluid discharge
钻井液配方@drilling fluid composition
钻井周期@drilling cycle/period/term
钻具@drilling tads ,drill stem
钻具腐蚀@corrosion of drilling pipe
钻具偏心度@excentricity of drilling pipe
钻速@penetrate/drilling rate
钻柱@drill string/pipe@
钻头 bit
钻屑@drilling cuttings
钻屑回收率@cuttings recovery
钻屑污染@cuttings contamination
最大井斜@maximum inclination 最低程度@minimum level
最佳值@optimum value
最小二乘法@least square method 最小值@minimal value
作用机理@mechanism
钻井液常用计算 一、水力参数计算：(p196-199) 1、地面管汇压耗： Psur=C×MW×(Q/100)1.86×C1 Psur---地面管汇压耗，Mpa（psi）； C----地面管汇的摩阻系数； MW----井内钻井液密度，g/cm3(ppg); Q----排量，l/s(gal/min); C1----与单位有关的系数，当采用法定法量单位时，C1＝9.818；当采用英制单位时，C1＝1； ①钻具内钻井液的平均流速： V1=C2×Q/2.448×d2 V1-------钻具内钻井液的平均流速，m/s(ft/s)； Q-------排量，l/s(gal/min); d-------钻具内径，mm(in)； C2------与单位有关的系数。当采用法定计量单位时，C2＝3117采用英制单位时，C2＝1。 ②钻具内钻井液的临界流速 V1c=(1.08×PV＋1.08(PV2＋12.34×d2×YP×MW×C3)0.5)/MW×d×C4 V1c -------钻具内钻井液的临界流速，m/s(ft/s)； PV----钻井液的塑性粘度，mPa.s(cps); d------钻具内径，mm(in) MW----钻井液密度，g/cm3(ppg); C3、C4------与单位有关的系数。采用法定计量单位时，C3＝0.006193，C4＝1.078；采用英制单位时，C3＝1、C4＝1。 ③如果≤V1c，则流态为层流，钻具内的循环压耗为 P p=C5×L×YP/225×d＋C6×V1×L×PV/1500×d2 ④如果V1>V1c，则流态为紊流，钻具内的循环压耗为 P p=0.0000765×PV0.18×MW0.82×Q1.82×L＋C7/d4.82 P p---钻具内的循环压耗，Mpa(psi); L----某一相同内径的钻具的长度，m(ft)； V1-------钻具内钻井液的平均流速，m/s(ft/s)； d------钻具内径，mm(in) MW----钻井液密度，g/cm3(ppg); Q-------排量，l/s(gal/min);
初中数学英语词汇 一般词汇: 加数addend 平均数average 计算calculation 运算operation 证明prove 假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl. 命题proposition 算术arithmetic 图表chart 位移displacement 展开expand 展开式expand form 简化simplify 求值evaluate 乘multiply 因式分解factor 代数词汇: 加plus(prep., add(v., addition(n. 被加数augend, summand 加数addend 和sum 减minus(prep., subtract(v., subtraction(n. 被减数minuend 减数subtrahend 差remainder 积product 乘times(prep., multiply(v., multiplication(n. 乘数multiplicator 被乘数multiplicand, faciend 除divided by(prep., divide(v., division(n. 被除数dividend 除数divisor 商quotient 大于is greater than 等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to 小于is lesser than 大于等于is equal or greater than 小于等于is equal or lesser than 运算符operator 自然数natural number 整数integer 指数exponent 小数decimal 小数点decimal point 正positive 负negative 零null, zero, nought, nil 代数algebra 单项式monomial 公式formula, formulae(pl. 多项式polynomial, multinomial 等式,方程式equation 代数方程algebraic equations 不等式inequation 一次方程simple equation 二次方程quadratic equation 乘方power 三次方程cubic equation 四次方程quartic equation 二次方,平方square 三次方,立方cube 四次方the power of four, the fourth power n次方the power of n, the nth power 开方evolution, extraction 二次方根,平方根square root 三次方根,立方根cube root 四次方根the root of four, the fourth root n次方根the root of n, the nth root 几何词汇: 几何geometry 角angle 角度degree 弧度radian 锐角acute angle 直角right angle 钝角obtuse angle 平角straight angle 底base 边side 高height 三角形triangle 锐角三角形acute triangle 直角边leg 斜边hypotenuse 勾股定理Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形obtuse triangle 不等边三角形scalene triangle 等腰三角形isosceles triangle 等边三角形equilateral triangle 四边形quadrilateral 平行四边形parallelogram 矩形rectangle
1.素质教育：Quality Education 2. EQ：分两种，一种为教育商数Educational quotient，另一种情感商数Emotional quotient 3. 保险业：the insurance industry 4. 保证重点指出：ensure funding for priority areas 5. 补发拖欠的养老金：clear up pension payments in arrears 6. 不良贷款：non-performing loan 7. 层层转包和违法分包：mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 8. 城乡信用社：credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas 9. 城镇居民最低生活保障：a minimum standard of living for city residents 10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度：the system of medical insurance for urban workers 11. 出口信贷：export credit 12. 贷款质量：loan quality 13. 贷款质量五级分类办法：the five-category assets classification for bank loans 14. 防范和化解金融风险：take precautions against and reduce financial risks 15. 防洪工程：flood-prevention project 16. 非法外汇交易：illegal foreign exchange transaction 17. 非贸易收汇：foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels 18. 非银行金融机构：non-bank financial institutions 19. 费改税：transform administrative fees into taxes 20. 跟踪审计：foolow-up auditing 21. 工程监理制度：the monitoring system for projects 22. 国有资产安全：the safety of state-owned assets 23. 过度开垦：excess reclamation 24. 合同管理制度：the contract system for governing projects 25. 积极的财政政策：pro-active fiscal policy 26. 基本生活费：basic allowance 27. 解除劳动关系：sever labor relation 28. 金融监管责任制：the responsibility system for financial supervision 29. 经济安全：economic security 30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设：to increase the deficit to spend more on development 31. 扩大国内需求：the expansion of domestic demand 32. 拉动经济增长：fuel economic growth 33. 粮食仓库：grain depot 34. 粮食收购企业：grain collection and storage enterprise 35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行：closed operation of grain purchase funds 36. 粮食销售市场：grain sales market 37. 劣质工程：shoddy engineering
配制钻井液几种常用计算公式 一、 配制水基钻井液所需材料的计算 1 配制定量、定密度的水基钻井液所需的粘土量 已知：钻井液重量＝粘土重量＋水重量 其中：钻井液重量＝11V ρ 粘土重量＝22V ρ 水的重量＝33V ρ 所以： 332211ρρρV V V += (1) 因为： 213V V V -= (2) (2)代入（1）则得: 整理后 ()322112ρρρρ--= V V …………………………(3) 又因 22ρW V = (4) (4)代入（3）整理后 W －粘土重量；V 1-钻井液体积；V 2-粘土体积；V 3-水体积； 1ρ－钻井液密度；2ρ－粘土密度；3ρ－水的密度； 2 配制定量、定密度的水基钻井液所需的水量 水量＝欲配钻井液体积－所需粘土体积 其中：粘土密度 粘土重量所需粘土体积＝ 二、 调整钻井液密度所需材料 1 加重钻井液所需加重材料数量计算
（1）定量钻井液加重时所需加重材料的计算： 式中 W －加入的加重材料重量； 浆V －原浆体积； 1ρ－原浆密度； 2ρ－欲配的钻井液密度； 3ρ－加重材料的密度； （2）配制定量加重钻井液时所需加重材料的计算： 式中 W-所用加重材料的重量； V －欲配的钻井液体积； 1ρ－原浆密度； 2ρ－欲配的钻井液密度； 3ρ－加重材料的密度； 2 降低钻井液密度所需水量（或低密度钻井液量）之计算 式中 V －降低密度时需要的水量； 浆V －原浆体积； 1ρ－原浆密度； 2ρ－加水稀释后的钻井液密度（即要求的钻井液密度）。 三、 钻井液的循环容积 1 井筒容积计算(即井内钻井液量计算) （1）经验式 井眼内的钻井液量()2 1000/31井径井径＝井段?m m V
2.有关集合数学专业英语词汇 代数部分 union并集? propersubset真子集?1.有关数*算 solutionset解集?? add，plus加? 3.有关代数式、方程和不等式subtract减? difference差?? algebraicterm代数项?multiply,times乘? liketerms,similarterms同类项?product积? numericalcoefficient数字系数?divide除? literalcoefficient字母系数??divisible可被整除的? inequality不等式?dividedevenly被整除? triangleinequality三角不等式??dividend被除数，红利? range值域??divisor因子，除数? originalequation原方程?quotient商? equivalentequation同解方程，等价方程?remainder余数?? linearequation线性方程(e.g.5?x?+6=22)?factorial阶乘? power乘方? 4.有关分数和小数radicalsign,rootsign根号? roundto四舍五入? properfraction真分数?tothenearest四舍五入 improperfraction假分数?
mixednumber带分数?cuberoot立方根?? vulgarfraction，commonfraction普通分数?commonlogarithm常用对数? simplefraction简分数?digit数字? complexfraction繁分数??constant常数? numerator分子?variable变量?? denominator分母?inversefunction反函数? (least)commondenominator（最小）公分complementaryfunction余函数? 母?linear一次的，线性的? quarter四分之一?factorization因式分解? decimalfraction纯小数?absolutevalue绝对值，e.g.｜-32｜=32? infinitedecimal无穷小数roundoff四舍五入? recurringdecimal循环小数? tenthsunit十分位??6.有关数论 5.基本数学概念naturalnumber自然数? positivenumber正数? arithmeticmean算术平均值?negativenumber负数? weightedaverage加权平均值?oddinteger,oddnumber奇数? geometricmean几何平均数?eveninteger,evennumber偶数? exponent指数，幂?integer,wholenumber整数? base乘幂的底数,底边?positivewholenumber正整数? cube立方数，立方体?negativewholenumber负整数?? squareroot平方根?consecutivenumber连续整数?
数学专业英语词汇(T) 数学专业英语词汇(T)数学专业英语词汇(T)t distribution 学生t 分布 t number t数 t statistic t统计量 t test t检验 t1topological space t1拓扑空间 t2topological space t2拓扑空间 t3topological space 分离空间 t4topological space 正则拓扑空间 t5 topological space 正规空间 t6topological space 遗传正规空间 table 表 table of random numbers 随机数表 table of sines 正弦表 table of square roots 平方根表 table of values 值表 tabular 表的 tabular value 表值 tabulate 制表
tabulation 造表 tabulator 制表机 tacnode 互切点 tag 标签 tame 驯顺嵌入 tame distribution 缓增广义函数tamely imbedded 驯顺嵌入tangency 接触 tangent 正切 tangent bundle 切丛 tangent cone 切线锥面 tangent curve 正切曲线 tangent function 正切 tangent line 切线 tangent of an angle 角的正切tangent plane 切平面 tangent plane method 切面法tangent surface 切曲面 tangent vector 切向量 tangent vector field 切向量场tangent vector space 切向量空间tangential approximation 切线逼近
一、组装、冲压、喷漆等专业词汇 Assembly line组装线 Layout布置图 Conveyer流水线物料板 Rivet table拉钉机 Rivet gun拉钉枪 Screw driver起子 Electric screw driver电动起子Pneumatic screw driver气动起子worktable 工作桌 OOBA开箱检查 fit together组装在一起 fasten锁紧(螺丝) fixture 夹具(治具) pallet栈板 barcode条码 barcode scanner条码扫描器 fuse together熔合 fuse machine热熔机 repair修理 operator作业员 QC品管 supervisor 课长 ME制造工程师 MT制造生技 cosmetic inspect外观检查 inner parts inspect内部检查 thumb screw大头螺丝 lbs. inch镑、英寸 EMI gasket导电条 front plate前板 rear plate后板 chassis 基座 bezel panel面板 power button电源按键 reset button重置键 Hi-pot test of SPS高源高压测试 V oltage switch of SPS 电源电压接拉键 sheet metal parts 冲件 plastic parts塑胶件 SOP制造作业程序 material check list物料检查表 work cell工作间 trolley台车 carton纸箱 sub-line支线 left fork叉车QC Section品管科 stamping factory冲压厂 painting factory烤漆厂 molding factory成型厂 common equipment常用设备 uncoiler and straightener整平机 punching machine 冲床 robot机械手 hydraulic machine油压机 lathe车床 planer |'plein |刨床 miller铣床 grinder磨床 driller??床 linear cutting线切割 electrical sparkle电火花 welder电焊机 staker=reviting machine铆合机 position职务 president董事长 general manager总经理 special assistant manager特助 factory director厂长 department director部长 deputy manager | =vice manager副理 section supervisor课长 deputy section supervisor =vice section superisor副课长 group leader/supervisor组长 line supervisor线长 assistant manager助理 to move, to carry, to handle搬运 be put in storage入库 pack packing包装 to apply oil擦油 to file burr 锉毛刺 final inspection终检 to connect material接料 to reverse material 翻料 wet station沾湿台 Tiana天那水 cleaning cloth抹布 to load material上料 to unload material卸料 to return material/stock to退料 scraped |'skr?pid|报废 scrape ..v.刮;削 deficient purchase来料不良 manufacture procedure制程 deficient manufacturing procedure制程 不良 oxidation |' ksi'dei n|氧化 scratch刮伤 dents压痕 defective upsiding down抽芽不良 defective to staking铆合不良 embedded lump镶块 feeding is not in place送料不到位 stamping-missing漏冲 production capacity生产力 education and training教育与训练 proposal improvement提案改善 spare parts=buffer备件 forklift叉车 trailer=long vehicle拖板车 compound die合模 die locker锁模器 pressure plate=plate pinch压板 bolt螺栓 name of a department部门名称 administration/general affairs dept总务 部 automatic screwdriver电动启子 thickness gauge厚薄规 gauge(or jig)治具 power wire电源线 buzzle蜂鸣器 defective product label不良标签 identifying sheet list标示单 screwdriver holder起子插座 pedal踩踏板 stopper阻挡器 flow board流水板 hydraulic handjack油压板车 forklift叉车 pallet栈板 glove(s)手套 glove(s) with exposed fingers割手套 thumb大拇指 forefinger食指 midfinger中指 ring finger无名指 little finger小指 band-aid创可贴 iudustrial alcohol工业酒精 alcohol container沾湿台 head of screwdriver起子头 sweeper扫把 mop拖把 vaccum cleaner吸尘器 rag 抹布 garbage container灰箕
常 用 公 式 一、配泥浆粘土用量 二、加重剂用量 W 加=) ()(加重后加重剂原浆加重后泥浆量 加重剂 ρρρρρ V 三、稀释加水量 Q 水=) ()(水稀释后稀释后原浆原浆量 水ρρρρρ V 四、泥浆上返速度 V 返=) d (7.122 2钻具井径 D Q 五、卡点深度 (1) L=9.8ke/P (㎝、KN) (2)L=ｅEF/105P=Ke/P (㎝，t ，K=21F=EF/105 ，E=2.1×106 ㎏/㎝2) 5” 壁厚9.19 K=715 3 1/2壁厚9.35 K=491 ) ()(水土水泥浆泥浆量 土土ρρρρρ V W
六、钻铤用量计算 L t. =m.q.k p 式中p ---钻压，公斤, q --钻铤在空气中重,量公斤／米， K ---泥浆浮力系数， L t ---钻铤用量, 米, m---钻铤附加系数（１．２至１．３） 七、 泵功率 N=7.5 Q p （马力） 式中p －实际工作泵压（k g /cm 2）, Q –排量（l /s ） 八、钻头压力降 p 咀=4 e 22 d c Q .827.0ρ （kg /cm 2） 式中ρ－泥浆密度（g /cm 3）, Q –排量（l /s ）, C ---流量系数（取０．９５－０．９８５） d e ---喷咀当量直径（cm ），d e ＝2 3 2221 d d d 九、喷咀水功率 N 咀=7.5 Q p 咀＝4 e 23 d c Q .11.0 十、喷射速度过 v 射=2 e d Q 12.74c 十一、冲击力 F 冲 =2 e 2 d Q .12.74ρ 十二、环空返速V= 2 2 d D Q 12.74- 式中ρ－泥浆密度（g /cm 3）, Q –排量（l /s ）, C ---流量系数（取０．９５－０．９８５） d e ---喷咀当量直径（cm ），d e ＝ 2 3 2221 d d d ++ 十三、全角变化率—“井眼曲率”公式 COS ⊿E=COSa 1 COSa 2+Sina 1 Sina 2COSB 或⊿E=（a 12+ a 22-2 a 1 a 2 COSB ）1/2
代数ALGEBRA 1.数论 natural number自然数 positive number正数 negative number负数 odd integer,odd number奇数 even integer,even number偶数 integer,whole number整数 Positive whole number正整数 negative whole number负整数 consecutive number连续整数 real number,rational number实数,有理数irrational（number）无理数 inverse倒数 composite number合数 e.g.4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15…prime number质数 e.g.2,3,5,7,11,13,15…reciprocal倒数 common divisor公约数 multiple倍数 (minimum)common multiple(最小)公倍数 (prime)factor(质)因子 common factor公因子 ordinary scale,decimal scale十进制nonnegative非负的
tens十位 units个位 mode众数 mean平均数 median中值 common ratio公比 2.基本数学概念 arithmetic mean算术平均值weighted average加权平均值geometric mean几何平均数exponent指数，幂 base乘幂的底数,底边 cube立方数，立方体 square root平方根 cube root立方根 common logarithm常用对数digit数字 constant常数 variable变量 inverse function反函数complementary function余函数linear一次的，线性的factorization因式分解
翻译硕士（MTI）考研必备：常见词汇表 -P 小编网上查找中国日报常用词汇表A－Z，希望对大家词汇掌握有所帮助。以下为汉语P开头的单词，希望大家认真记忆。 帕金森症parkinsonism派出所local police station 排华政策policy of discrimination against the Chinese/ 排外主义exclusivism 潘多拉魔盒Pandora's box/ 攀比银行存款bankification 盘点stock count; take stock of/ 盘活存量资产liquidize remnant assets 抛砖引玉a modest spur to induce others to come forward with valuable contributions; throw a sprat to catch a whale/ 跑龙套utility man, play a bit role, general handyman 泡沫经济bubble economy 泡妞chase after the girls 赔了夫人又折兵, 花钱填无底洞throw good money after bad/ 配股allotment of shares；rationed shares 配件accessories 配套政策supporting policies 棚户shacks; family that live in shacks 碰钉子get snubbed 碰头会brief meeting ( A brief, small-scale, informal meeting with no fixed agenda, the main purpose of which is to exchange information.) 碰一鼻子灰be sent off with a flea in one's ear; be snubbedd; get a rebuff/ 批发市场wholesale market/ 皮包公司bogus company 疲软股票soft stock 啤酒肚beer belly 片面追求升学率place undue emphasis on the proportion of students entering schools of a higher level/ 骗汇、逃汇、套汇obtain foreign currency and false pretenses, not turn over foreign currency owed to the government and illegal arbitrage / 票贩子scalper, ticket tout 票房box office
1 概率论与数理统计词汇英汉对照表 A absolute value 绝对值 accept 接受 acceptable region 接受域 additivity 可加性 adjusted 调整的 alternative hypothesis 对立假设 analysis 分析 analysis of covariance 协方差分析 analysis of variance 方差分析 arithmetic mean 算术平均值 association 相关性 assumption 假设 assumption checking 假设检验 availability 有效度 average 均值 B balanced 平衡的 band 带宽 bar chart 条形图 beta-distribution 贝塔分布 between groups 组间的 bias 偏倚
binomial distribution 二项分布binomial test 二项检验 C calculate 计算 case 个案 category 类别 center of gravity 重心 central tendency 中心趋势 chi-square distribution 卡方分布chi-square test 卡方检验 classify 分类 cluster analysis 聚类分析coefficient 系数 coefficient of correlation 相关系数collinearity 共线性 column 列 compare 比较 comparison 对照 components 构成，分量compound 复合的 confidence interval 置信区间consistency 一致性 constant 常数
小学数学类英语单词汇 总 文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-
小学数学类英语单词汇总数学mathematics, maths(BrE), math(AmE) 公理 axiom 定理 theorem 计算 calculation 运算 operation 证明 prove 假设 hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.) 命题 proposition 算术 arithmetic 加 plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.) 被加数 summand 加数 addend 和 sum 减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数 minuend 减数 subtrahend 差 remainder 乘 times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.)被乘数 multiplicand, faciend 乘数 multiplicator 积 product
除 divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数 dividend 除数 divisor 商 quotient 等于 equals, is equal to, is equivalent to 大于 is greater than 小于 is lesser than 大于等于 is equal or greater than 小于等于 is equal or lesser than 运算符 operator 平均数mean 算术平均数arithmatic mean 倒数（reciprocal） x的倒数为1/x 有理数 rational number 数字 digit 数 number 自然数 natural number 整数 integer 小数 decimal 小数点 decimal point 分数 fraction 分子 numerator 分母 denominator
大学英语六级翻译常用词汇：经济类 中国经济 总需求 aggregate demand 总供给 aggregate supply 企业文化 corporate/entrepreneurial culture 企业形象 corporate image (Cl); enterprise image 跨国公司 cross-national corporation 创业精神 enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit 外资企业 foreign-funded enterprise 猎头公司head-hunter 假日经济 holiday economy 人力资本human capital 航空和航天工业aerospace industry 飞机制造工业aircraft industry 电子工业 electronic industry 汽车制造工业 car industry 娱乐业 entertainment industry 信息产业 information industry 知识密集型产业 knowledge-intensive industry 国有大中型企业 large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业 light industry 博彩业 lottery industry 制造业 manufacturing industry 垄断行业 monopoly industries 市场多元化 market diversification 市场经济 market economy 市场监管 market supervision 购买力 purchasing power 熊市 bear market 牛市 bull market 城镇化 urbanization 房地产 real estate 首付 down-payment 业主 home owner 个人购房贷款 individual housing loan
数学专业英语词汇1 b measurability b可测性 b measurable function 波莱尔可测函数 babylonian numerals 巴比伦数字 back substitution 逆计算 backward difference 后向差分 backward difference operator 后向差分算子 backward difference quotient 后向差商 backward solution 后向解法 baire function 贝利函数 baire measure 贝利测度 baire set 贝利集 baire space 贝利空间 baire theorem 贝利定理 balance 平衡 balanced category 平衡范畴 balanced functor 平衡函子 balanced hypergraph 平衡超图 balanced neighborhood 平衡邻域 balanced sample 平衡样本 balanced set 平衡集 balancing method 平衡法 balayage 扫除 ball 球 ballistic curve 弹道 banach algebra 巴拿赫代 数 banach lie group 巴拿赫 李群 banach space 巴拿赫空间 band 带 band chart 带状图 band matrix 带状矩阵 bar construction 棒构成 bar diagram 条线图 bar graph 条线图 barrel 桶集 barrel shape 桶型 barrelled space 桶型空间 barrier 闸 barycenter 重心 barycenter of a simplex 单 形的重心 barycentric 重心的 barycentric complex 重心 复形 barycentric coordinates 重 心坐标 barycentric mapping 重心 映射 barycentric subdivision 重 心重分 base 底 base angle 底角 base line 底线 base number 底数 base of logarithms 对数的 底 base point 基点 base register 基址寄存器 变址寄存器 base space 底空间 base vector 基向量 basic 基础的 basic block 基本块 basic field 基域 basic form 基本形式 basic point 基础点 basic representation 基本 表示 basic ring 基环 basic solution 基本解 basic symbol 基本符号 basic variable 基本变量 basis 基 basis for cohomology 上 同爹 basis for homology 同爹 basis of linear space 线性 空间的基 basis of vector space 向量 空间的基 basis replacement procedure 基替换过程 basis theorem of hilbert 希 耳伯特基定理 basis vector 基本向量 batch processing 成批处 理 bayes decision function 贝 叶斯判定函数 bayes formula 贝叶斯公 式 bayes postulate 贝叶斯公 设 bayes solution 贝叶斯解 behavior 行为 behavior strategy 行为策 略 bellman principle 贝尔曼 原理 beltrami equation 贝尔特 拉米方程 bending point 转向点 bergman metric 伯格曼度 量 bernoulli equation 伯努利 方程 bernoulli inequality 伯努 利不等式 bernoulli method 伯努利 法 bernoulli number 伯努利 数 bernoulli polynomial 伯努 利多项式 bernoulli trials 伯努利试 验 bernoullian polynomial 伯 努利多项式 bernstein inequality 伯思 斯坦不等式 bernstein polynomial 伯思 斯坦多项式 bertrand curves 柏特龙曲 线 bertrand paradox 柏特龙 悖论 bessel equation 贝塞耳方 程 bessel function 贝塞耳函 数 bessel function of the second kind 第二类贝塞耳函 数 bessel function of the third kind 第三类贝塞耳函数 bessel inequality 贝塞耳 不等式 bessel integral 贝塞耳积 分 best approximation 最佳 逼近 best estimator 最佳估计 量 best test 最佳检验 best uniform approximation 最佳一致逼近 beta distribution 分布 beta function 函数 betti group 贝蒂群 betti number 贝蒂数 between group variance 群 间方差 biadditive 双加法的 biangular 双角的 bias 偏倚 biased estimator 有偏估计 量
翻译常用词汇 高枕无忧resting without worries 史无前例unprecedented in the history 不可一世a conquering hero 毫不示弱equally firmly 量体裁衣to act according to actual circumstances 一刀两断to cut it clean 与虎谋皮to ask a tiger for its skin 六亲不认to disown all one’s relatives and fri ends 英雄本色the true quality of a hero 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike. 每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever we think of our dear ones faraway. 上有好，下必有其焉。What the superior loves, his inferiors will be found to love exceedingly.大江东去，浪淘尽，千古风流人物。The Great River flows to the east: Its waves have washed away all the men of untrammeled spirit of a thousand ages. 上兵伐谋，其次伐交。What is supremely important in war is to attack the enemy’s strategy. Next best is to disrupt his alliances. 问君能有几多愁，恰似一江春水向东流。I wonder how many sorrows you have. They are exactly like the Yangtze River unceasingly flowing eastward in spring. 千呼万唤始出来，犹抱琵琶半遮面。Only after a thousand entreaties does she appear. Her face half hidden behind the guitar (pipa) in her arms. 吃得苦中苦，方为人上人。Only if you can stand the hardest of hardships can you hope to rise in society. 是非经过不知难You never know how hard a task is almost until you have done it yourself. 满招损Pride goes before a fall. / Pride spells failure. 适可而止Bind the sack before it be full. 好汉做事好汉当A true man has the courage to accept the consequences of his own actions.知己知彼，百战不殆。To know one’s and the enemy’s situation ensures victory. 牵扯之覆，后车之鉴。The overturned car ahead is a warning to the ones behind. 山雨欲来风满楼The wind sweeping through the tower heralds a rising storm in the mountains. 是故学然后知不足，教然后之困。Therefore, to learn makes us realize our deficiency, and to teach makes us know the difficulties. 人尽其才、地尽其利、物尽其利、货畅其流。Our human, land and material resources should be used to the best advantage, and our goods should be in good circulation. 父母有抚养教育未成年子女的义务，成年子女有赡养扶助父母的义务。Parents have the duty to rear and education their children who are minors, and children who have come of age have the duty to support and assist their parents. 中华人民共和国公民有劳动的权利和义务。Citizens of the P eople’s Republic of China have the right as well as the duty of work. 各民族公民都有用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利。Citizens of all nationalities have the right to use the spoken and written languages of their own nationalities in court proceedings.