“博思”(2-3级)商务常用英语手册(NEW)

ContentsCompany structure and processes公司结构和运作 (4)Company hierarchy 公司组织结构（等级） (4)Company introduction 公司概况 (5)Job titles 职位 (6)Pay and benefits 工资与待遇 (6)Day-to-day-work 日常工作 (7)Daily routine 常规工作 (7)Computing 计算机操作 (8)Job description 岗位描述 (10)Rights at work 工作权利 (10)Staff appraisal 职员评估 (11)Office equipment 办公室设备 (11)Occupations 职业 (14)Education and qualifications 教育与资格 (15)Education 教育 (15)Subjects 课程 (15)Qualifications 资历 (16)Training 培训 (16)Team work 协作 (18)Meetings会议 (18)Types 类型 (18)Agenda 议程 (19)Participants 与会者 (19)Facilities 设施 (20)Business travelling商务旅行 (20)Booking预订 (20)Fare票价 (21)Going through the Customs通过海关 (21)At the airport在机场 (21)At the railway station火车站 (22)Other public transportation其它交通设施 (23)Hotel 旅店 (24)Hotel旅店 (24)Room房间 (25)Enterprise and management (26)企业与管理 (26)Enterprise (26)企业 (26)Project management (27)项目管理 (27)Marketing (27) (27)Sales (28)销售 (28)Advertising and media (29)广告与媒体 (29)Brand (31)品牌 (31)Production, quality and package (31)生产、质量与包装 (31)Production (31)生产 (31)Quality (32)质量 (32)Package (33)包装 (33)Products (34)产品 (34)Catalogue (34)目录 (34)Product (35)产品 (35)Business Negotiation 商务谈判 (36)Ordering定货 (36)Transport运输 (37)Payment付款音标 (38)Contract and document 合同与文件 (39)Contract合同 (39)Document 公文 (40)银行业Banking (40)banking sector银行业 (40)Interest 利息 (42)Cheque 支票 (42)Finance 财政 (43)Investment 投资 (45)Trends and statistics 趋势和统计数据 (46)Upward trend上涨趋势 (46)Downward trend下降趋势 (47)Statistics数据 (47)Money and currency货币 (48)Globalization全球化 (48)Law法律 (50)Health and safety 健康与安全 (51)Injuries at work工伤 (51)Absence缺席 (51)treatment of injuries伤势处理 (52)Taking precautions采取预防措施 (52)环境Environment (52)通讯Communication (53)邮局Post office (53)邮资Postage (53)邮件Mail (54)包裹Parcel (55)电话Telephone (55)相貌Persnoal appearance (56)体格Build (56)身高Height (56)五官Feature (56)头发Hair (56)肤色Complexion (57)品质Qualities (57)情绪Emotions (58)兴趣与业余活动Hobbies and leisure activties (58)社交活动余Social interaction (60)家与房屋Home and house (60)地理描绘Geographical description (61)日期Dates (62)天气与气候Weather and climate (62)天气Weather (62)气候Climate (63)购物Shopping (64)商店Stores/shops (64)市场Marker (64)在商店At a store (65)价格Price (65)存货Stock (65)食品Food and drinks (66)蔬菜Vegetables (66)鱼和肉Fish and meat (66)菜肴Dish (67)调味品Seasoning (67)点心Snack (67)饮料Soft drinks (68)酒Alcoholic drinks (68)水果Fruit (69)正文Company structure and processes公司结构和运作Company hierarchy 公司组织结构（等级）Board of Directors 董事会president 董事会主席shareholder 股东managing director, general 总经理chief executive officer (CEO) 首席执行官senior manager 高级经理line manager 部门经理administrator 行政管理员senior staff 高级员工non-officer，clerical staff 一般员工junior staff 普通员工employee 雇员员工headquarters 总部head office 总公司subsidiary 子公司，分公司branch 分公司，分部affiliate 关联机构；分公司division (组织或机构的)单位department, sector 部门，处，系Company introduction 公司概况history 历史strategy 战略multi-national corporation 跨国公司corporate culture 公司文化partner 合伙人budget 预算company performance 公司业绩revenue 营业收入assets 资产annual report 年度报告annual return 岁入goodwill 信誉cost center 成本中心premises (公司)所在地removal (公司)搬迁to relocate (公司)迁移，重新安置Corporate departments 公司部门president’s office 总裁办公室public relations department 公共关系部marketing department 市场营销部information technology department 信息技术部personnel department 人事部human resources department 人力资源部finance department 财务部production department 生产部research and developmentdepartment (R&D) 研究与开发部logistics and purchasing department 后勤采购部（物流部）legal affairs department 法律事务部customer service department 客户服务部Job titles 职位managing director 常务董事vice-chairman, vice-president 副董事长training manager 培训经理production manager 生产经理purchasing manager 采购经理human resources(HR)director 人事总监personnel manager 人事经理area manager 地区经理HR officer 人事主任recruiting officer 招聘主任export sales manager 出口销售经理chief designer 总设计师sales director 销售主管public relations officer 公关主任market executive 市场代表sales representative(sales rep) 销售代表distribution manager 渠道/分销经理operating manager 营运经理administrative officer 行政主任secretary 秘书secretarial 秘书的caretaker 临时代理的Pay and benefits 工资与待遇Pay packet ,wage packet 工资(薪金)袋pay-day 发薪日salary 薪金，工资salary scale 薪级表differential 工资级差wage 工资basic wage 基本工资equal pay (男女)同工同酬increment 加薪(额)take-home pay 扣税后的实得工资pay 薪水，工资payroll 薪水名册pays lip 工资单perk 额外收入allowance 补贴subsidy 津贴bonus 奖金，分红pension 养老金pension fund 退休基金，养老基金overtime 加班时间；加班费unsocial hours 加班工时hourly rate 按小时计算的报酬danger money 危险工作的额外报酬to remunerate 给…酬金remuneration 酬金income 收入，收益sickness benefit 疾病补助费fringe benefit 额外福利compensation and benefits 福利待遇stock option 股票期权vacation 休假holiday 假期break 短假paid leave 带薪假maternity leave (母亲)产假paternity leave (父亲)产假sick leave (可拿病假工资的)病假Day-to-day-work 日常工作Daily routine 常规工作office hours 上班时间to get up, to rise 起床to start work 上班to finish work 下班to commute (尤指在市区和郊区之间)乘火车或公交车上下班commuter 乘火车或公交车上下班者to clock on/off 打卡记录上班/下班时间lunchtime 午饭时间tea break 午茶时间workload 工作量backlog(of work) 积压的工作paperwork 文书工作procedure 手续手册，便览in-house publication 机构内部出版物to streamline 精简；使…效率更高to type 打字audio-typist 直接根据录音打字的打字员copy-typist 副本打字员shorthand typist 速记打字员to photocopy a document 复印一份文件to make a copy of a documentto copy a file 复印一份资料to fax 发传真to have a look at the diary 看一下工作日记to open the post 打开信件to draft a report 草拟一份报告to compile a report 编写报告to structure a presentation 拟一份(口头)报告to record the proceedings at ameeting 记录会议议程to write a memo 写备忘录to write the minutes 写会议记录to file 把…归档to file(away)the letters 把信件归档to put files in order 整理文档to keep a record 记录to contact sb. 联系某人to exchange information 交换信息to pass a message 传递口信to transmit a message 传递信息compliments 问候；祝贺Computing 计算机操作computer 电脑PC (personal computer) 个人计算机laptop 手提电脑portable 手提(式)的microcomputer 微型计算机hardware 硬件monitor 显示器mainframe 主机screen 屏幕mouse 鼠标modem 调制解调器软盘flash disk 移动磁盘，优盘laser disk 光盘disk drive 磁盘驱动器hard copy 硬拷贝cursor 指针chip 芯片microchip 微芯片CPU(central processing unit ) 中央处理器VDU(video display unit) 图像显示部件software 软件backup; to back up 备份binary system 二进制computer program 计算机程序date 数据database 数据库date processing 数据处理word processing 文字处理desktop 桌面password 密码interface 界面user-friendly 界面友好的；容易使用的e-mail 电子邮件virus 病毒digital 数字的graphics 图形dot matrix pattern 点矩阵DTP(desktop publishing) 桌面出版系统multi-user 多用户telecommunications 电信to log on 登陆to log off 登出on-line 在线off-line 离线to input; input 输入to output; output 输出to access 存取；访问to retrieve 检索to save 保存to click the mouse 点击鼠标to scroll 滚动to send e-mails 发送电子邮件to receive e-mails 接收电子邮件computerize; computerization 计算机化computer analyst 计算机分析员computer programmer 计算机程序分析员systems analyst 系统分析员|||Job description 岗位描述to work as(a job title) 做…工作to work for(a company) 为…工作clerical work 办事员工作to work in(the catering industry) 从事(餐饮及服务行业) work permit 工作许可证timekeeping 出勤时间计时to attend a meeting 参加会议to attend a trade fair 参加商品交易会to deal with a problem 处理问题to bring forward (a proposal/plan) 提出（建议/计划）to discuss problems 讨论问题to give(advice) 给出（忠告）to go to (a place) on business 到（某地）出差to interview (applicants) 面试（求职者）to organize a conference 组织会议to meet a client 会见客户to provide a service 提供服务to be responsible for 负责to be eligible for 符合条件的to schedule an interview 安排面试to introduce (a person) 介绍（某人）to work overtime 加班(on the) night shift 上夜班morning shift 早班afternoon shift 午班Rights at work 工作权利council 联合会；委员会trade union 工会to know one’s rights 知道（自己的）权利to be allowed to 被允许…to observe regulations 遵守规章disciplinary (有关)纪律的equality 平等公共假期to dispute; dispute 争论；辩论industrial dispute 劳资纠纷mediation 调停，调解to make a complaint 抱怨to go on strike 进行罢工to deal with a complaint 处理抱怨to dismiss/sack (an employee) 解雇（职员）dismissal 遣散；解职（令）sexual harassment 性骚扰verbal (written) warning 口头（书面）警告Staff appraisal 职员评估to appraise, to evaluate 评估to comment on (performance) 评论业绩to criticize 批评to award 奖励to praise 表扬to rank 给…评定等级to give/get feedback 做出/获得反馈promotion 晋升prospects 前途/景Office equipment 办公室设备printer 打印机laser printer 激光打印机teleprinter 电传打印机to print 打印fax-machine 传真机photocopier 复印机original 原件xerox 复印件operation instruction 操作指示to enlarge 放大to reduce 缩小to insert the paper 插手纸to switch on/off 开/关to press the button 按下按钮to remove the paper fromthe feeder 把纸从存纸器中取出to be jammed in the(纸)卡在复印机overheating (复印机)太热了answer phone, Dictaphone 录音电话notice board 布告牌stapler 订书机staple 订书针headed paper 有标题的纸shredder 粉碎机punch 穿孔机(a pair of) scissors (一把)剪刀stick paper 粘贴纸highlighter 记号笔biro, ball pen 圆珠笔card-index 卡片的索引file 文件夹notepad 记事本tab (书刊的)插页；标签paper clip 纸夹portfolio 文件夹；公事包folder 硬纸文件夹briefcase 公文包rubber stamp 橡皮图章triplicate 一式三份（的）；三重的blinds, shutter 百叶窗bookcase 书架，书柜(filing)cabinet 档案柜microphone 麦克风wastepaper basket 废纸篓wastepaper bin 废纸箱handout 分发的印刷品leaflet 传单cardboard 纸板calendar 日历cheque 支票dictionary 辞典air-conditioner 空调器to have an air-conditionerin-stalled (请人)装空调air-conditioning 空调设备central conditioning 中央空调central heating 集中供暖to ventilate; ventilation 通风air filtering 空气过滤办公室照明switchboard 开关板；配电盘burglar alarm 防盗报警器fire alarm 火灾报警器conference room, meetingroom 会议室reception room 接待室show room 展示室photocopying room 复印间canteen 餐厅lift(英),elevator(美) 电梯stairs 楼梯Men’s 男厕所Ladies 女厕所Recruitment 工作招聘employment agency 职业介绍所to apply for a job 求职position 职位vacancy, opening 职位空缺to fill a vacancy 填补空缺interview 面试testimonial 证明书；推荐书personal information 个人信息resume，CV(curriculum vitae) 简历age 年龄birth place 出生地marital status 婚姻状况education background 教育背景major 专业work experience 工作经历interest 兴趣hobby 爱好qualifications 资历aptitude test 能力倾向测验communication skills 交际能力keyboard skills 键盘技能work attitude 工作态度personality 性格serious 认真的hard-working 努力工作的careful 仔细粗心enthusiastic 有热情的motivated 有动力的credential(s) 证明书；证件reference 介绍信；推荐信application form 申请表achievement(s) 成就honor(s) 荣誉expected salary 期望薪水requirement 条件，要求objective 目标mailing address 通讯地址contact information 联系方式reference check 资信调查background check 背景调查career development 职业发展to be employed 受聘to be hiredto be recruitedto learn the ropes 学习（公司）规矩to employ 雇佣employment 雇佣关系employer 雇主employee 雇员apprentice 见习生apprenticeship 见习(期)temp 临时雇员to upgrade 升级；提升；改善contract worker 合同工to be understaffed 人员配备不足to be overstaffed 人员配备过多unemployment 失业staff turnover 人员调整，工作人员变动redundancy 因采用自动化导致劳动力过剩shortlist 供最后挑选(或考虑)用的候选人名单Occupations 职业accountant 会计chartered accountant (英)(有合格证书的)特许会计师actor/actress 演员air hostess 空姐steward/stewardess (轮船、飞机等)乘务员助理auditor 审计员banker 银行家businessman 商人commercial traveller 旅行推销员civil servant 公务员clerk 职员chef 厨师chemist 药剂师designer 设计师detective 侦探courier 信使director 导演engineer 工程师broker 经纪人estate agent 房产经纪人executive 经理主管人员operator 接线员；操作者packer 包装工人quality controller 质量管理员receptionist 招待员supervisor 主管technician 技师waiter/waitress 服务员chauffeur (受雇于私人或公司等的)汽车司机blue-collar worker 蓝领工人white-collar worker 白领工人Education and qualifications 教育与资格Education 教育high school 中学vocational school 职业学校polytechnic college 大专；专科学校institute 学院college 大学university (综合性)大学tertiary education 高等教育Subjects 课程accounting 会计management 工商管理computer science 电脑engineering 工程学information technology 信息技术linguistics 语言学literature 文学marketing 市场学mathematics 数学statistics 统计学philosophy 哲学psychology 心理学Qualifications 资历diploma 文凭；学历证书certificate 证书degree 学位Bachelor of Arts (BA) 文学士Bachelor of Science (BS) 理学士Master of Arts (MA) 硕士(文科)Master of Science(MS) 硕士(理科)Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D) 博士Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) 工商管理学学士Master of Business Administration (MBA) 工商管理学硕士Master of Public Relations (MPR) 公共关系学硕士a part-time student 在职学生undergraduate (尚未取得学位的)大学生postgraduate 研究生to major(in) 主修a dual major 双专业term(英)/semester(美) 学期to complete one’s college courses 修完所有大学的课程to graduate from…从…毕业to graduate with honours 以优秀的成绩毕业to make a (computer) course 学习(电脑)课程Training 培训trainer 教员trainee 受培训者in-service training 在职培训培训中心training course 培训课程training manual 培训手册training objective/target 培训目标to set objectives/targets 树立目标to agree on objectives 目标一致to measure(progress) 估量(进度)training package 一揽子培训计划training schedule 培训日程安排project 课题；科研项目seminar 研讨会presentation 介绍；陈述simulation 场景模拟role-play 角色演习to brainstorm 献计献策，集体解决问题，头脑风暴to bring in(an expatriate consultant) 引进(外国顾问)to practice; practice 练习to plan; plan 计划to have a discussion; discuss 讨论to raise awareness 增强意识outline 概要；要点draft 草稿；初稿to make/take notes 作/记笔记paper, thesis 论文to demonstrate 示范；论证case analysis 案例分析case-study 案例分析，个案研究decision-making 决策team-talk 小组讨论problem-solving 解决问题display stand 展示台OHP(overhead projector) 投影仪slide projector 幻灯机video projector 录像播放机video cassette recorder(VCR) 录像机cable television 有线电视digital camera 数码照相机chart 图表flip chart 活动挂图；配套挂图bar chart 柱状或者条形图表flow chart 流程图；作业图pie chart 图形分格统计图表；饼图diagram 示意图；设计图曲线图grid 格子(表格)table 表格figure 数字Team work 协作team-building 组建团队team dynamics 团队动力；团队活力team leader 队长team leadership 团队领导艺术team member 队员self-managing team 自我管理的团队multi-cultural team 多文化团队to allocate (roles) 分配(角色)to build team spirit 树立团队精神to contribute 贡献to make a contributionto co-operate with each other 相互合作to give people autonomy 允许他人自己管理自己to help individuals develop 帮助个人在团队里发展within the teamto make equal contribution tothe team 为团队作出同样的贡献to motivate the whole team 激励整个团队to share information 信息共享to talk openly and freely 坦率、自由地交谈to take on responsibility 担当责任to trust each other 相互信任to work towards a common objective 为共同目标工作to be under pressure 有压力Meetings 会议Types 类型assembly, convention 大会annual meeting 年会formal meeting 正式会议panel discussion, seminar 讨论会forum 论坛board meeting 董事会议shareholder meeting 股东大会Agenda 议程opening ceremony 开幕式closing ceremony 闭幕式opening(closing) speech 开（闭）幕词to adjourn the meeting 休会to close the meeting 散会to postpone 推迟，延期to adjournto put offto hold a meeting 召开会议to chair a meeting 主持会议to adopt 通过to amend; amendment 修正agenda 议程to appoint；appointment 任命，委派to nominate；nomination 提名，任命to ask for the floor 要求发言to debate, debate 辩论to give the floor to sb. 同意（某人）发言to decide; decision 决定to declare；declaration，statement 声明motion 动议to reject 拒绝，驳回to raise an objection 提出异议to oppose 反对to second 赞成to supportselection procedure 选举程序to place on the agenda 列入议程first draft 草案初稿pending 悬而未决的draft resolution 决议草案，提案to make a speech 做报告to deliver a speechto take the floor 发言to address the meetingtimetable，schedule 日程表，时刻表procedure 程序to move an amendment 提出修正案Participants 与会者chairman, chair 主席-president，vice-chairman 副主席consultant 顾问advisory committee，consultativecommittee 顾问委员会，咨询委员会advisory opinion 顾问意见committee，commission 委员会subcommittee 小组委员会selection committee 选举委员会conference secretariat 大会秘书处executive committee 执行委员会executive secretary 执行秘书PS(permanent secretary) 常任书记presidency, chairmanship 主席团head of delegation 代表团团长honorary president 名誉主席life member 终身成员observer 观察员speaker 报告人permanent delegate 常驻代表member 成员member as of right 法定代表membership 成员资格usher 招待员；引座员Facilities 设施public gallery 旁听席rostrum 讲台round table 圆桌seat 席位Business travelling 商务旅行Booking 预订booking office 售票处inquiry office, informationcounter/desk 问讯处to book a ticket in advance 预订票to make a reservation 定座to be overbooked 超额订出to refund a ticket (to get the refundof a ticket) 退票Fare 票价one-way/single ticket 单程票round-trip/return ticket 来回票open ticket 未定日期机票economic class 普通位business class 商务座first-class 头等座flight 班机nonstop flight 直达班机night flight 夜航stop over 中途停留connection 联运客机（火车、汽车等）Going through the Customs 通过海关the Customs 海关the Customs formalities 海关检查手续customs declaration 报关customs examination 验关customs clearance 结关customs duties 关税duty-free 免税immigration officer 移民局官员passport 护照entry visa 入境签证exit visa 出境签证transit visa 过境签证to expire; expiry 满期、届期（而无效）At the airport 在机场airline 航空公司airliner 班机connecting flight 转接班机arrival time 到达时间departure time 起飞时间to take off; take-off 起飞to land; landing 着陆waiting area, (airport)lounge 候机厅check-in 登机手续boarding pass/card 登机牌gate 登机口保安security checkpoint 安全检查处X-ray machine X光线机metal detector 金属探测器baggage check-in counter 行李过磅处carry-on bag 手提行李excess luggage 超重行李overweight 超重registered luggage 托运的行李label, tab 行李标签baggage claim area 行李提取处to claim the luggage 认领行李pilot 飞行员captain 机长flight attendant 乘务员air crew 机组人员seat belt 安全带Fasten Seat Belt Sign 系安全带信号overhead compartment 上方行李箱aisle 过道aisle seat 靠过道的座位middle seat 中间座位window seat 靠窗座位reclining seat 放下来的斜靠座airsick 晕机to transfer(to another airline) 转机scheduled flight 定期航班air-mile awards (航行)里程奖励frequent flyer 经常坐飞机的人legroom 飞机上供伸腿的空间in-flight catering 飞机上的服务on-board(entertainment) 飞机上的（娱乐）priority status 换登机牌优先权At the railway station 火车站schedule, timetable 时刻表platform 站台left-luggage office 行李暂存处locker 可锁的衣物柜through train 直达车slow train 慢车express 快车火车头dining car 餐车passenger car, compartment 车厢sleeping compartment, sleeper 卧车berth 卧铺soft seat 软席ordinary seat 硬席rack 行李架conductor 查票员train attendant 列车员porter, red cap 搬运工terminal 终点站The train is due at…火车在…到达to be 5 minutes behind schedule 晚点5分钟Other public transportation 其它交通设施vehicle 车辆subway, underground, tube 地铁fare card 地铁票fare card machine 地铁售票机turnstile 十字转门minibus 小型公共汽车car 小汽车scooter 小型摩托车helicopter 直升飞机hovercraft 水翼船、气垫船ferry 摆渡coach 长途汽车berth (船、车、飞机上的)铺位cabin 房舱；座舱van 有篷货车luggage/baggage compartment 汽车行李箱（底部）boot 行李箱taxi, cab 出租车taxi stand 出租扬招点meter 计程器rider, passenger 乘客to transfer 转车carsick 晕车Business expenses 出差费用公差sightseeing tour 观光旅行amount 数目to incur(expenses) 招致（花费）to authorize 批准to claim/claim back(expenses) 报销（花费）to make a (false) claim 报（假）帐to process a claim 报销to reimburseexpenses claim sheet 报销单expenses reimbursement system 费用报销制度Hotel 旅店Hotel 旅店resort hotel 度假旅馆hotel chain 连锁酒店guesthouse 宾馆reservation 预订arrival time 住店日期anticipated departure time 预计离店日期to check in 住房登记to check out 办理退房手续to lodge 住宿to register 登记to charge 收费keycard 出入证rate 房价room charge sheet 房价表average room rate 平均房价standard rate 标准房价form of payment 付款方式cash payment 现金付款bill 账单tip 小费receipt 收据rent 租金housekeeping department 房管部food and beverage department 餐饮部beverage department 饮料部security department 保卫部main entrance 大门hotel directory 酒店指南平面示意图information desk 问讯处reception desk 总服务台corridor 过道lounge 休息厅VIP entrance 贵宾入口bar 酒吧beauty parlor 美容室recreation room 游艺室banquet hall 宴会厅business center 商务中心cloakroom 存衣处billiard-room 球房hotel register 旅客登记簿lobby 休息厅reception office 接待室staircase,stairs,stairway 楼梯attendant 服务员desk clerk 值班服务员waiter 男服务员waitress 女服务员Room 房间ashtray 烟灰碟bath towel 浴巾bathtub 浴盆bathrobe 浴衣bathroom 浴室bedside lamp 床头灯bedspread 床罩bench 条凳blanket 毯子built-in wardrobe, closet 壁橱bulb 灯泡bulb holder 灯头carpet 大地毯chandelier, pendant lamp 吊灯chest of drawers 五斗橱clothes-hanger 衣架cold and hot water tap 冷热自来水龙头cotton terry blanket 毛巾被curtain 窗帘cushion 垫子desk lamp 台灯door-mat 门前的擦鞋棕垫single bed 单人床double bed 双人床single room 单人房间double room 双人房间dressing table 梳妆台Enterprise and management 企业与管理Enterprise 企业cooperative enterprise 合作企业joint venture 合资企业exclusively foreign-owned/fundedenterprise 外商独资企业state-owned enterprise 国营企业collectively-owned enterprise 集体企业individually-owned enterprise 个体企业private enterprise 私营企业Chamber of Commerce 商会Federation 联盟state-operated/owned 国营的wholly-owned 全资的private sector 私营部门Management cost 管理费用Management efficiency 经营管理效率Management measure 管理办法Management of standardization 标准化管理Management performance 经营成果Management plan 管理计划Management specialization 管理专门化Manager 经理，管理人员Manageress 女经理，女管理人Managerial 管理的Managerial effectiveness 管理效率Managerial principle 经营方针Managerial staff 管理人员managership 经理的地位Management consultant 经营管理顾问administration 管理，行政机关Permit 许可，准许；许可证Licence 许可，特许；执照xecutive 管理人员；行政部门；行政的to nationalize; nationalization 国有化to denationalize 解除国有化to privatize; privatization 私有化to authorize 授权to decentralize 下放（权力）to submit 提交to supervise; supervision 监督；管理to summarize 总结track record 成绩记录orientation 定位；导向reorganization 改组；整顿revolution 改革Project management 项目管理project 计划，方案project budget 项目预算project classification 项目分类project components 项目组成部分project contractor 工程承包商project division 计划部门project engineer 计划工程师，（设计）主管工程师project financing 项目资金筹措project implementation 项目执行project management 专案（项目）管理project manager 项目管理人（经理）project paper 项目报告project plan 项目计划project report 规划报告project party 特派组Marketing 市场营销marketing ethics 市场营销职业道德marketing planning 营销策划marketing research 销售调研market research 市场调研（对某一产品的市场情况）marketing strategy 市场策略marketing mix 营销组合；综合销售策略marketable 适合销售的促销hard sell 硬卖，强行推销soft sell 劝诱推销（术），软推销social marketing 社会营销target marketing 目标营销direct marketing 直接销售market trend 市场趋势market survey 市场调查international market 国际市场overseas market 海外市场domestic market, home market 国内市场black market 黑市to diversify/to diversify into new markets （企业）进行多种经营；进行多样化投资sales forecasting 营销预测Sales 销售service industry 服务行业service charge 服务费customer/consumer 消费者client 顾客，客户，委托人end-user 用户distributor 发行人wholesaler 批发商retailer 零售商sale or return 代销quota 配额package deal 一揽子交易point of sale 时点销售gift voucher 礼券window display 橱窗展示to be saturated （市场）饱和exclusive 独家经营的to overcharge 要价过高ready-made 现成的supplier 供应者，厂商，供给者to produce, to manufacture 生产manufacturer, producer 制造业者，厂商to branch out 扩充（业务等）buyer 买主，顾客，采购员seller 卖方vendor 卖主to distribute 供应；发送（货物）消费counter-productive 产生相反结果的reliable 可靠的qualified 有资格的guarantee 保证书；担保；抵押品clearance sale 清仓削价销售closing-down sale 歇业大拍卖faulty goods 次品loss-leader 为招徕顾客而亏本销售的商品retail outlet 零售市场Advertising and media 广告与媒体advertisement(ad) 广告advertising agency/company 广告公司Advertising agent 广告代理advertiser 广告商advertising consultant 广告顾问advertising strategy 广告策略scenario 广告剧本；设想；方案advertising laws and regulations 广告法规advertising campaign 广告活动product advertising 产品广告corporate advertising 公司广告copywriter 广告文字撰稿人spokesman, spokesperson 代言人product launch 产品发行（会）press conference 新闻发布会press release 新闻稿press coverage 媒体报道to publicise 宣扬publicity 宣传publicity drive 宣传运动sponsor 赞助商sponsorship 赞助者的地位、任务等lifestyle 生活方式billboard 广告牌poster 海报free gift 赠品free sample 免费样品headline 标题illustration 插图logo 标识trade mark 商标商品名slogan 口号，标语jingle 广告短诗（或短歌）gimmick 噱头promotional 促销的media for advertising 广告媒体television 电视radio 广播newspaper 报纸magazine, journal, periodical 杂志to publish 发行publisher 出版商circulation 发行量subscription 订阅rating 收听（视）率readership （书、报、杂志或作者拥有的）读者（数）the Internet 英特网mailing list （广告、宣传品等的）邮寄名单；读者名址录direct mail 直邮airmail 航空邮件mailshot （寄给客户的）广告材料junk mail 垃圾邮件classified advertisement, small ads 分类广告for sale 出售wanted 聘用，雇用complimentary 免费赠送的for rent 出租available 可得到的，可利用的unclassified advertisement,unclassified 未分类广告brochure advertisement 小册子广告to put an advertisement for a productin the newspaper 在报纸上做某个产品的广告to attend a launch 参加产品发行会exhibitor 展出者to brief the staff on the recentdevelopment 向员工简要说明最近的发展prospectus 企划书；内容说明书to do a market research/to conduct amarket investigation 市场调查to do/conduct a survey 调查questionnaire 调查问卷反馈deadline 截止时间Brand 品牌brand image 品牌形象household name 家喻户晓的事或人word of mouth 口碑brand loyalty 名牌忠诚度brand power 名牌效应to bank on a brand 利用品牌to damage(a brand) 破坏（品牌）brand stretching 品牌延伸to create good publicity 建立好的声誉to attract customers 吸引客户potential customer 潜在客户target customer 目标客户loyalty scheme （对产品）忠诚计划to stretch a brand into a new market 把产品推向一个新的市场reliability 可靠性reputation 名声style 式样to boost profit 提高利润Production, quality and package 生产、质量与包装Production 生产manpower 人力；劳动力proprietor 所有者；经营者productive 多产的，富有成效的production control 生产控制to produce 生产，制造to discontinue 停止；废止random check 随意抽查automation 自动化mechanization 机械化to standardize; standardization 标准化productivity 生产力efficiency 效率inefficient 效率低的craftsmanship 技能；技术再循环to rationalize; rationalization （为提高效益）对…作合理化改革industrial 工业的；产业的agricultural 农业的commercial 商业的mass production 大量生产，批量生产tailor-made 特制的overproduction 生产过剩excess capacity 超额生产能力checklist 清单storage 储藏（量）；储藏库raw material 原材料，资料scrap 废料surplus 过剩（的）obsolescent 荒废的disposal 处置；安排wear and tear 损耗replacement 更换plant （工业）加工厂mill （原料）加工厂factory, works 工厂zone 区域production line 生产（装配）线assembly line 装配线assembly plant 装配厂circuit 电路machinery 机器；机械maintenance 维护to assemble 装配，组装workshop 车间，工厂，修理厂machine tool 机床works 机件work-room 工作室work floor （工厂工人的）工作场所，生产第一线Quality 质量commodity inspection 商品检验average quality 平均质量standard quality 标准质量qualitative 质量的bad/low/inferior quality 劣/低/次质量poor quality 质量较差e inferior to 次于…fair average quality(f.a.q.) 大路货above(below) the average quality 一般水平以上（下）的质量best/prime quality, first-rate quality 最佳品质fine quality 优质first-class 一等品first-class/first-rate quality 头等的质量superior quality 优待的质量choice/selected quality 精选的质量fair quality 尚好的质量good quality 好质量high quality 高质量sound quality 完好的质量substantial 坚固的durable 耐用的tasteful 精美的unique 独特的quality inspection certificate 品质检验证书guarantee of quality 品质保证certificate of origin 原产地证书quality clause 品质条款quality certificate 品质证明书quality control 质量管理warranty 保修证明Package 包装to package 包装（指包、捆、束、箱等），打包package design 包装设计package in damaged condition 破损包装package industry 包装工业packaging 包装方法packet(pkt.) 包裹，封套，袋packing and presentation 包装装潢及外观packing, wrapping 包装；包装材料to pack 包装，装罐parcel 小包，一批货a range of…一套…batch 一批生产量；一批投料量；一批bundle 捆，束to be packed in a bag 用袋装plastic bag 塑料袋can, tin 罐装，听装cargo in bulk 散装货。