第四章口语技能训练
前面我们主要讲了口语表达中的心理素质训练、思维训练、倾听训练，这些都是与语言表达密切相关的要素。这些训练是我们进行口语训练的基础。不知道在这一段时间的学习当中，大家感觉你的基础打得怎么样了？……其实这关键看你在课上课下有没有有意地创造机会去锻炼过。
做过这些基础的训练之后呢，今天，我们就来进入真正的口语表达技能训练。
口语表达能力的提高是一个渐进的过程。为了缩短这个过程，我们的训练要注意遵循口语表达能力形成的一般规律，这个规律就是：在训练过程中必须坚持由易到难、由浅入深、由分解训练到综合训练的原则。具体地说，我们可以由凭借文字材料的口语表达训练逐渐过渡到不凭借文字材料的口语表达训练，进而提高我们的说话技能。
凭借文字材料的口语表达属复现型口语表达，即运用口头语言再现文字材料的内容，比如复述、描述、评述等，是说话训练的初级阶段。对于在校生来说，进行这个训练很有必要：不凭借文字材料的口语表达属原发型口语表达，它的特点是：说什么、怎么说完全由说话人临时据情酌定，我们平时的交谈、论辩、即席讲话等都属这种表达形式。这种表达形式不仅有社会交际的实践价值，在口语表达能力结构中，也占有相当重要的地位。例如，教师对学生提问的即席作答、对学生的答问做即席评价，对学生遇到疑难的即时相机诱导，以及遇到偶发情况时作应变性的表述等，都属于不凭借文字材料的现想现说。
尤其是现代科学技术的快速发展，对我们的口语表达提出了更高的要求，即要求我们讲究速度和效率，要求我们在没有任何文字材料凭借的情况下，即时准确地对所要说的意思作规范化的表达。这也是口语表达训练的高级阶段。
从凭借文字材料的口语表达到不凭借文字材料进行现想现说的口语表达，是一个难度较大的转变，要攀上这个“台阶”需付出艰苦的努力。
下面我们先从凭借文字材料的口语表达——复述开始说起。
第一节口语表达训练之一——复述
§1 什么是复述（rehearal）
从心理学上来说，复述是以言语重复刚识记的材料，以巩固记忆的心理操作过程。从学习的角度来说，是一种很好的方法，因为：
学习材料在复述的作用下，保持在短时记忆中，并向长时记忆转移。这种复述又分为两种形式：保持性复述和整合性复述。
保持性复述又称简单复述或机械复述，对短时记忆中的信息只进行重复性的、简单的心理操作，使记忆痕迹得到加强，但不一定能进入长时记忆。
整合性复述又称精细复述，通过复述使短时记忆中的信息得到进一步的加工和组织，使之与预存的信息建立联系，从而有助于向长时记忆的转移。精细复述的加工水平较高，具有主动性。
小结：大家可以在以后的学习中尝试这种方式来改进你的学习方法。尤其在英语的学
习上，复述就显得更为重要了。比如，每学习一篇课文，老师即使不要求你们复述，你们也可以尝试在课文中找一些关键词语，来进行复述。可以先从保持性复述，即简单复述开始，慢慢再过渡到整合性复述，这也是在学一门外语之初，通常要求背诵全文的原因吧。
到底是不是复述可以增强记忆，这个更直观的一个例子，大家可以问问上次《手表与草帽》复述时的两位表演者，秦敬晓和吴军优同学，他们应该对于大家最有发言权，也最具有说服力的。
◆一般意义上所提到的复述，就是把读到或听到的语言材料在理解的基础上，加以整理，重新讲述出来的一种口头表达方式。它是一种基本的、用途广泛的口语表达方式。
◆复述的种类：
复述可以分为三类：简要复述、详细复述、创造性复述。
简要复述，是对原材料的浓缩概括，要求简明扼要，但必须保留原材料的中心要点和新信息，可以略去那些解释、举例、描写、过渡和背景文字，前后衔接，结构完整。
详细复述，要求原原本本，内容上不做增加和删减，表现方法不做改变，语言风格尽量保持原样。但复述不同于背诵，为使复述清晰、易懂、易记，可将书面语体适当地改成口语体。把复杂的长句改成简单的短句或将难懂的书面语词改成通俗易懂的口语词。
创造性复述，是要求在不改变原意的基础上根据内容的需要加上丰富合理的想象，使内容更生动、更完整的一种表达形式。即，要对材料中没有明确叙述的内容有选择地作一些创新，进行合理想象，但必须和原文内容向吻合，不能发生矛盾。
§2 复述的基本要求
采用复述的方法，一方面可以进行记忆能力的训练，强化知识；另一方面，可以训练有序、有节、有理的表达能力。针对一些叙事性较强的文章，我们可以采取不同的复述方法，或简要复述，或详细复述，或创造性复述。不论哪种形式的复述，都要注意把握以下几点：
第一，把书面语转换为口头语；
第二，突出重点，准确地体现原材料的中心和重点；
第三，条理清楚，反映各部分内容的内在联系，如果叙述一件事情，复述时一定要交代清楚时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过、结果等；
第四，语言力求准确。
比如：《手表和草帽》，这是一个关于劳力士起源的一个故事。故事非常简短，情节也很简单，上次课结束的一个技能训练上，两位同学的复述都很不错，第一位同学因为只听了一遍，所以在复述的时候有些细节没有把握好，第二位同学在复述的时候就要好很多。但是他们在复述的时候都基本把握住了复述的基本要求，按照时间、地点、起因、经过、结果等这样一个顺序来做的。也许这样一个技巧是很容易把握的，但是能否准确地把握所接触的语言材料的内容、重点、中心，尤其是听到的语言材料，也许还需要大家今后进一步的训练才行。
§3训练要领
复述，富有创造性，能把记忆、思考、表达三者有机地结合起来，使之融为一体。
1、记忆。记忆是复述的基础。要想复述好，在阅读时，必须要快速记住语言材料里的一些重要词语，结构层次，以及它的具体内容，边读边记，养成口脑并用的良好习惯。反复阅读的过程就是记忆的过程，记忆就是复述的准备，复述反过来又能进一步加深记忆。
2、思考。复述不是照搬原材料，必须按照一定的要求，对原材料的内容进行综合、概括，适当取舍，并要认真选词，组织安排材料。这就是记忆的基础上进行思考的过程。如《手表与草帽》，大家可以考虑一下：为什么威尔斯多夫要去找费尔德？为什么费尔德不愿意出售自己的技术？为什么威尔斯多夫要买费尔德的草帽？其他的情节尽量简化。（大家不妨在你以后的学习中，尤其英语学习中也从这个方面训练一下），经常这样复述，不仅可以训练你的思维能力，也可以培养你思考问题的习惯。
3、表达。复述的特点就是要连贯地叙述原材料，无论口头还是笔头，都要围绕一定的中心内容去思考，然后准确而明晰地说出或写出来，这有利于培养和提高你的表达能力。
（同学们也可以在以后的工作中，多对学生作一些这样的训练，如果你成为一名教师）
因此，成功的复述首先要对原材料进行认真阅读和理解，同时注意记忆的技巧，既有框架记忆，又要有细节记忆；留意能提示记忆的重点语句，为了疏通语流，可以先自言自语地试述一遍。如果要概要复述的话，要防止取舍不当，偏离中心。
§4 训练方法
复述训练的较好方式之一是讲故事。
这里的“讲故事”指的是一种复现性的表达，即把看到的、听到的、清洁完整的语言、文字材料讲述给别人听。
讲课故事可以不受原材料的束缚，有的地方可以详述，有的地方可以扩展，有的地方可以变序、变角度、变表达的形式。这样，对原材料的改变、加工就是一种再创作了。
其一般规律是：
（一）根据需要，确定一个有积极意义的主题，确定故事的主要人物和情节主线；
（二）通过删节、充实、调整，使故事紧凑、生动，既有形神兼备的细节描述，又有反映人物性格的对话，并且要突出故事的高潮；
（三）故事要完整，设计一个有吸引力的开头，并要安排一个让人回味的结尾。
讲故事的语言要用通俗易懂的口语，尽量淡化书面语色彩，尤其要避用文言词汇。叙述时要从容不迫地把环境、情节、人物关系交代清楚；描述时要正确表达感情倾向；对话可适当运用拟声造型手段，做到“言如其人”。还要把握好语速、节奏的变化，并适当运用表情、手势、姿态辅助表达。
借鉴我国评书的讲述方式，讲故事也可有“文讲”、“武讲”之分。“文讲”动作幅度小，语调适中，表情含蓄一些。这种讲法适合小学高年级和中学；“武讲”的表情、动作适度夸张，语气、语调及拟声造型都可以“火”一点，这种讲法适宜于低年级和幼儿园。
课堂示范：故事《三个“有毛病”的儿子》、《三国演义》“火烧新野”片段。
训练设计
①仿说故事《猴吃西瓜》或《手表与草帽》
②每人复述一个故事。课外试讲，然后在课堂开“故事会”，讲过以后进行评议。
③每人准备一则内容健康的笑话。课外试讲，课堂上自由登台讲述，讲后评议，并讨论讲笑话要注意些什么。
附：《猴子吃西瓜》
一天，猴王找到一个大西瓜，可是，咝……怎么吃呢？这个猴王啊，是从来也没有吃过西瓜。忽然，他想出了一条妙计，于是他把所有的猴子都召集了过来，对大家说:“今天，啊，我找到个大西瓜，这个，这个西瓜的吃法嘛，我是全知道的啊，不过我要考验一下你们的智慧，看谁能说出西瓜的吃法，要是说对了呢，我就多赏给他一份，要是说错了，啊，我可要惩罚他!”
小毛猴一听搔了搔腮说:“我知道，我知道，吃西瓜是吃瓤! ”猴王刚想同意，“不对，不对，我不同意小毛猴的说法!”一只短尾巴猴说到：“我请清楚楚地记得，我和我爸爸到我姑妈家去的时候吃过甜瓜，吃甜瓜是吃皮，我想：甜瓜是瓜，西瓜是瓜，当然该吃皮儿了！”
大伙儿一听，嗯，有道理，可到底谁对呢，于是都不由得把目光集中到一只老猴子身上，老猴子一看，觉得出头露面的机会来了，于是就清了一下嗓子，说道：“嗯……吃西瓜嘛，当然……当然是吃皮了。我从小就吃西瓜，而且一直吃皮儿，我想我之所以老而不死也正是由于吃了西瓜皮的原因吧！”
有些猴子早等急了，一听老猴子这么说就跟着嚷了起来，“对，吃西瓜吃皮，对，吃西瓜吃皮！”猴王一看，认为已经找到了正确的答案，就上前一步开言:“对，大伙儿说得都对，吃西瓜是吃皮，哼，只有小毛猴崽子说吃西瓜是吃瓤，那我们就让他一个人吃瓤，我们大伙儿都吃皮，啊！”
于是，西瓜一刀两断，小毛猴吃瓤，大伙儿是共分西瓜皮。有个猴子刚吃了两口，就用手捅了捅旁边的猴子说道：“嗨，我说这可不是个滋味啊！”旁边的猴子看了看猴王，大声说道：“哎，老弟，我常吃西瓜，西瓜嘛，就这味儿！”
附：笑话：
1、一个农民赶着驴进城，遇到个无赖问：“吃饭了吗？”农民说“吃了”，无赖却说，我问的是驴。农民转身对驴就是两耳光，说：“给老子不老实！城里有亲戚也不说一声！”
2、一天，鸭子来到商店问老板“有葡萄吗？”老板说“没有”，第二天，鸭子又来问“有葡萄吗？”老板火“你再问我把你的脚钉起来！”第三天，鸭子又来，问”有钉子吗？”“没有！”“那有钉子吗？”
即兴发言练习：
1、我渴望成功，但我深深地知道……
2、假如我有500万……
1.Traveling alone Please talk about traveling alone according to the following hints 1) Describing traveling alone 2) Advantages of traveling alone 3) How to prepare for a solo travel Nowadays,traveling alone is not uncommon, most people love traveling alone becaus e of the feeling on their roads.Traveling alone can open you up to unique personal ex perience in new place. If you love freedom,Traveling alone is your best choice.When you are traveling alone, your time and budget（预 算） are your own! It's all up to you how much time to spend someplace, what your daily modes（方 式） of travelwill be！ And it's easier to make friends with the locals. Solo travel can be a great opportunity for reflection and moving at an individual pace. Traveling by y ourself, you only have to please yourself. But you should prepare for your solo travel ,too.Without a thoughtful preparation,your traveling won’t be so successfully. You ha ve to prepare all your need before setting off.Like medicine,ID card,passport,camera and so on.A solo travel means you may be lonely and bored,so bring some interesting magizines to make your travel more funny. And the last,do what you want! Teacher’s Questions: 1)Would you like to travel in a group or alone? (Why or Why not?) Yes.Because it’s an unusual experience for me to learn how to be more independent,and I also enj oy the unconstraint. 2) What places are your ideal destinations if you are traveling solo? Why do you t hink so? HaiNan island.Because the scenery there is very charming and I can eat bananas and coconut as many as I can. 2. Staying Healthy The following are ways some people try to stay healthy. Please offer your comments. 1) Regular exercise 2) Balanced diet 3) Good living habit Health is the most precious（珍贵 的） wealth we have,so it is important to take good care of our health,here are some advice to help you to stay healthy. There is an old saying says:An apple a day keep doctor away.A balance diet is import
Topics for Oral test 1. Which great leader do you admire most? What qualities did/does he/she have? bill gates 2. Which do you cherish more, your friendship with a good friend or your romantic relationship? obviously, friend is easy to make, but lover is kind of hard to seek for. Since relationship between friends might be not that close compared to romantic relationship, I will probably take it serious and cherish this sweet relationship. Also, I believe that my friends will support me and our relationship won’t be tense and freezing because of this. As the Chinese saying goes, once you got a boyfriend or a girlfriend, you may leave your friends out of your mind. I partly agree this, and when I fall in love, especially at the very beginning, I think I will cherish it more than friendship. 3. What factors would you consider first if you were to find a job (even a part-time job)? I will first consider whether this company and the offered position is high potential. I think high potential is a quality that is vital for the company’s future development and its personnel’s self improvement. Every one need a room to promote and realize one’s self-value. Another factor I concern is—its location. I’d like to work and live in big cities because big cities offer so many opportunities and a higher salary while small cities can’t. 4. Whom do you usually turn to when in trouble, vour parents or your friends? They know me better than anyone else and their vision is wide, their thoughts are mature.
高级词汇表 名词 动物类 luòtuóxīniúbìhǔhúlídàxīng xīng méi huālù 骆驼犀牛壁虎狐狸大猩猩梅花鹿 cìwèi máo lǘyǎn jìng shékǒng lóng níqiūhǎi mǎ 刺猬毛驴眼镜蛇恐龙泥鳅海马shān húhǎi tún zhāng yúwūzéi jīng yúsh āyú 珊瑚海豚章鱼乌贼鲸鱼鲨鱼 lóng xiāhǎi xīng máquèxǐquèwūyāmāo tóu yīng 龙虾海星麻雀喜鹊乌鸦猫头鹰 chán cán kǒng quèyīng wǔzhuómùniǎo ji āchù 蝉蚕孔雀鹦鹉啄木鸟家畜jiāqín quǎn fēi qín měng shòu yěshòu páháng dòng wù 家禽犬飞禽猛兽野兽爬行动物 yě shēng dòng wù 野生动物 - 213 -
蔬菜类 sǔn shēng cài kōng xīn cài shìzǐjiāo jīn zhēn gūd òu yá 笋生菜空心菜柿子椒金针菇豆芽mǎtícōng xīlán huāmùěr xiāng cài jiǔcài 马蹄葱西兰花木耳香菜韭菜sī guā jiāo bái yáng cōng shēng jiāng dà suàn 丝瓜茭白洋葱生姜大蒜 食物类 shāo mài tān jīdàn dàn chǎo fàn chǎo miàn lāmiàn l ào bǐng 烧麦摊鸡蛋蛋炒饭炒面拉面烙饼bùdīng hóng shāo ròu kuài cān zhōng cān xīcān lājīshípǐn 布丁红烧肉快餐中餐西餐垃圾食品líng shínǎi lào cūliáng gàn guǒguǒpújiān guǒ 零食奶酪粗粮干果果脯坚果 饮料类 píjiǔxiāng bīn hóng jiǔbái jiǔyǐn pǐn 啤酒香槟红酒白酒饮品 形状|体类 - 214 -
The Importance of Self-confidence Confidence, in a broad sense, comprises self-trust, self-esteem and courage .This d efinition is not sufficient. But it is able to describe the real meaning of it. As we known, self-confidence is accompanied by will, and as a twin, offers hope. Those who do not have a strong will often think themselves unable to carry out any dif ficult tasks, In fact, when our heart is void of self-confidence, every hope is gone,. For instance, according to experts, every year in the entrance examinations of all kinds, fu lly-prepared candidates lose nearly 5％to 10％of the full scores, and consequently me et their fail simply because they underestimate their own abilities, and overestimate the difficulties. As a result, their fear to meet new challenge leads to failure in the examin ation. As you know, whatever you do, there are always two possible results: success and failure. When you fail, you should never lose heart. On the contrary, you must build up your confidence and work harder than before. Set your own goal and trace on it, make a small progress one day, a month later it will be a big difference. People fail not because the task is difficult, but for they give up themselves in the half way. Self-confidence can be improved by building faith in yourself .we all know that what ever you do, you will encounter hardships. The success will come to you if you are co urageous enough to strive for it. What is success? When we are talking about success, mostly the first image comes into our mind is the man with high social status, and a lot of property. Most people believe that is succ ess and all that they do is only for this purpose. What is real success? Different people have different opinions on this question. Is i t fortune success? Is it fame success? Is it high social status success? My answer is not. To be clear about what is success must be the first step to achieving success. To be a football player，scoring on the field is success. To be a soldier, killing the enemy is success. for us, during the exam, getting a high score is success. So far, the best definition I have concluded that Success is achieving something int ended. In other words success is accomplish what you planned to do. As you know, whatever you do, there are always two possible results: success and failure. When you fail, you should never lose heart. On the contrary, you must build up your confidence and work harder than before. Set your own goal and trace on it, make a small progress one day, a month later it will be a big difference. People fail not because the task is difficult, but for they give up themselves in the half way. There is a saying goes like "Motivation is what gets you started. Habit is what kee
英语口语训练教学案例 Company Document number：WUUT-WUUY-WBBGB-BWYTT-1982GT
英语口语训练教学案例 ----漠河县立人学校万春梅 一、受试对象： 初三（3）班全体学生 二、受试对象基本情况： 英语学习成绩比同年级其他班级优秀。学生学习兴趣较浓厚，乐意接受新知识。 三、受试对象主要问题： 1．学生习惯于主要由老师讲解，未能体现学生的主动学习和增效减负的目标。 2．缺少良好的英语教学环境，学生的口语交际能力欠缺。 3．学生较注重“书面表达”这一学习目标，未能实现听、说、读、写等学习目标的全面达成。 四、辅导方案： 要想解决该班学生身上存在的问题，必须追根寻源、对症下药。因此我对全体学生的课堂表现，作业情况，英语口语等进行了全面的调查了解，并和部分同学深入交换了意见；从中发现学生学习刻板单一的主要原因如下： a) 教师课堂教学长期以“一堂灌”方法为主，导致学生口语表达能力得不到训练。 b) 随着学生年龄的增长，课堂上与教师的交流明显减少，学生逐步对英语口语产生畏惧心理。 根据这些情况，我制定了一个干预计划： a) 创设和营造良好的英语交际环境。 b) 表扬鼓励，挖掘潜能。 c) 强化信息技术整合，提高语言综合运用能力。 d) 建立多元而有层次的激励性评价制度。 五、辅导过程： 1．创设和营造良好的英语交际环境
外语学习缺少良好的环境氛围是其不同于母语学习的一个重要特点，所以必须重视营造良好的英语学习环境，拓展学习时空。我在日常课堂教学中严于律己，和学生一起用英语交流，消除他们的恐惧感和害羞心理。每周安排一节英语口语小课（40名学生分成两班），继续巩固课堂教学中已经学过的topic，做到熟能生巧。通过互动交流提高学生的人格修养、审美情趣与文化品味，以促进学生的自我发展和终身学习。 2．表扬鼓励，挖掘潜能。 现代教学认为，对孩子最好的教育方法是鼓励。我在整个实验过程中，力求做到：把表扬还给学生，让学生拥有表达的空间；把鼓励还给学生，让学习充满生命活力；把创造还给学生，让更多具备潜能的学生大展鸿图。我努力在课堂教学中和全班一起大声朗读单词、词汇和课文，这个看似简单的工作在学生以前的教学中竟然被取消了。要知道语音语调和模仿能力是学习任何一门语言的基础，为了培养和建立学生的自信心，我选择了模仿这一切入点，使他们所受到的语言体验真正潜移默化的深入人，最终演变为个人良好的操行品质，从他律走向自律。并根据本班学生年龄、心理特点以及认知能力的差异，对学生进行模仿－－对话－－小品－－课本剧－－交流等分层递进系列教学活动；随着力度的加强、深度的挖掘、广度的拓宽，相信这条探索之路必将开创出新的局面，成为英语教学园地中的一支多彩的奇葩。 3．强化信息技术整合，提高语言综合运用能力。 互联网以独特的魅力吸引着广大中学生，通过网络的窗口，他们关注“家事、国事、天下事”，使视野空前开阔起来。我开始尝试把英语作业和网络相结合，让学生的作业更具有生动性、吸引性、互动性和有效性。充分利用每个unit 后的project 和survey ,让学生以小组为单位，在教学中讨论后运用网络技能完成多姿的电子作业，在课堂上交流和相互学习，体验成功的喜悦。互联网的应用使我深深感到，怎样强化信息技术整合，满足学生最大的需求；而不是老师简单的制作和枯燥的说教。学生们喜欢新颖的作业形式，“喜欢”能让他们挖掘出自身最大能量的参与到活动中来，让作业最大限度地发挥出展示他们能力的舞台的作用。 4．建立多元而有层次的激励性评价制度。
附件 中级词汇表 高级词汇表 名词 动物类 骆驼犀牛壁虎狐狸大猩猩梅花鹿 刺猬毛驴眼镜蛇恐龙泥鳅海马 鲨鱼鲸鱼章鱼海豚珊瑚乌贼 猫头鹰乌鸦喜鹊麻雀龙虾海星 蝉蚕家畜啄木鸟孔雀鹦鹉 爬行动物猛兽犬家禽野兽飞禽 野生动物蔬菜类空心菜柿子椒金针菇豆芽生菜笋韭菜香菜西兰花葱马蹄木耳 大蒜丝瓜茭白洋葱生姜 食物类拉面蛋炒饭炒面摊鸡蛋烧麦烙饼 垃圾食品西餐快餐中餐布丁红烧肉零食干果 果脯坚果奶酪粗粮饮料类红酒香槟啤酒白酒饮品 形状|体类长方体圆锥体圆柱体正方体球体 乐器类古筝扬琴小提琴手风琴琵琶大提琴 文体用品类毛笔水粉颜料裁纸刀调色盘水彩圆珠笔墨水书籍 身体类眼球痣脸颊下巴额头腮帮子 鼻梁眼睑下唇上唇喉咙食指 手腕无名指中指手肘脚掌关节 血液膝盖疤痕脚踝粪便腹泻 蛀牙龋齿 - 213 - 附件 中级词汇表 时间类 傍晚清晨深夜前天后天点 星期一星期二星期三星期四星期五星期六 星期日星期天小时半小时一刻钟分钟 周月时间今年去年明年 过去现在未来黄昏三更半夜 节日类 节日元旦元宵节端午节中秋节清明节
圣诞节国庆节父亲节教师节母亲节 场所类剧院便利店网吧酒吧会议室咖啡厅 饭店温室酒店杂货店音乐厅购物中心 车库草原瀑布码头批发市场湖泊游泳馆洞窟洞穴隧道丛林山岗郊外田野岔路口房间郊区 称谓类军人先生女士小伙子孕妇军官 中国人小学生姑娘 /天气气象类落日夕阳烈日沙尘暴雷阵雨 日出 晚霞龙卷风台风露水 日常用品类便利贴名片公文包淋浴器座便器旅行箱烟斗通讯录设施类门禁广告牌霓虹灯健身器材广播休息区 阀门管道告示栏跑道栅栏 角色类管理员修理工推销员导购快递员 农民 飞行员空姐的哥主持人新娘新郎 交警解放军指挥强盗站长的姐 舵手列车长宇航员军官乘务员船长 哨兵水手CEO 猎人渔夫农夫 - 214 - 附件中级词汇表 运动员战士贼扒手海盗 电器类 灭蚊器mp3 复印机扫描仪消毒柜打印机 电饼档家庭影院电暖气音箱 材质类原材料/橡胶稻谷银小麦金属金子 文体活动类演唱会舞台剧足球舞蹈演出篮球 远足日光浴野餐攀岩郊游音乐会 降落伞乒乓球旅游扑克 抽象概念兴趣爱好喜好红包角色动力 特点网络科技模型地点称呼 材质原料材料情绪情感电源 时间中国国家外国故乡家乡账单挂号信信件国歌国旗标志
高考英语口试材料 12 套、广东高考英语口语考试题型分析及备考策略、提高高考英语听力的 六大关键及高考英语听力应试注意事项 Test One Part One People do get hurt in "adventure sports" and the most dangerous is climbing, which kills eight people a year. But it is not always obvious which activities are dangerous. For instance, two people die every year in hanggliding accidents, but the same number are killed by badminiton, whereas six people a year die in fishing accidents! So "exciting" isn't always the same as "dangerous". This is even more true when you consider the activities of every day life. Many more people die due to accidents in the home than from sports of any king. Part Two 1.It's nice of you to show me around your school. 2.What about taking Bus No 104 to the Shanghai Railway Station? 3.I am sorry I have to leave now. I have to catch the last bus. 4.How did you enjoy the concert last night? 5.I wonder if I could use your mobile phone. Part Three (1-2)Your friend is inviting you to see a film. Ask your friend two questions about it. (3-4)You have a toothache and want to make a appointment to see Dr Brown. The nurse asks you two questions. Part Four What do you think of the development of transportation in Shanghai? Part Five The Mid-Autumn Festival is a traditional Chinese holiday... Test Two Part One Teenagers who don't get up in the morning are brighter and more successful. A study of students' sleep by reserarchers in the USA found that teenagers who get up early are often tired and can't concentrate in class. "Young children love to get up early but teenagers have a different biological clock," says a professor of Brown University. Her reserach showed that teenagers naturally go to sleep and wake up later than normal-for good biological reasons. Now many American schools have changed the start of their morning classes from 7.30 to 8.30 or even 9.00. Part Two 1.(Telephone rings) Hello, may I speak to Mr Smith? 2.I'm sorry that I forgot to bring the book here. 3.I'd love you to come to my birthday party. 4.Why not have another cup of tea? 5.You're busy. Is there anything I can do for you? Part Three (1-2)You are in your Rnglish teacher's office, asking the teacher two questions about English learning.
1.Shared Bikes in Foshan 佛山共享单车 My name is Zhong Jian. I’m from Big Data Class 2,Group 5.I like playing basketball and listening to music.Thank you. That’s my introduction.Now ,let’s welcome our next presenter. What do you think of going to the park by bike? As far as I am concerned, the development of Shared bikes in Foshan is very good. We can see Shared bikes everywhere on the street, we can use them easily, and the price is right. I think it is for this reason that Shared bikes have developed so quickly. Of course, the development and widespread use of Shared bikes has also facilitated our daily life. Do you think bike sharing is convenient? 2.Celebrating birthdays 庆祝生日 In my opinion, celebrating birthdays is a very common thing. This is because this day is the day we come to this beautiful world, so that we can have a mother's Day of course. When we celebrate our birthdays, we should also be grateful to our mothers for taking care of us. 就我看来，庆祝生日是一件很常见的事情。这是因为这一天是我们来到这个美丽世界的一天，让我们可以拥有眼前的一切。当然也是母亲的受难日，在我们庆祝自己生日的时候，我们也要感恩我们的母亲，感谢母亲对我们的照顾。 3.Business negotiation 商务谈判 For me, I think business negotiation is to exchange for their own interests. People on both sides want the other side to give in, not to give in. Business interests make everyone hope to get the result they want. However, the result is generally a compromise between the two sides. 对我来说，我认为商务谈判就是为了各自的利益而交流。两边的人都希望对方可以让步，而不希望自己让步。商业利益让大家都希望从中可以获得自己所想要的结局。可是，结果一般都是需要双方让步。 你认为商务谈判的主要意义是什么？ What do you think is the main significance of business negotiation? 4.Globalization 全球化 In my opinion, globalization is an inevitable trend, and no one can reverse it. Every country or country is the beneficiary or victim of globalization. The key is how to deal with the trend of globalization. I believe that only by taking the initiative to meet globalization can we benefit from it. 就我看来，全球化是一个必然的趋势，任何人都没有办法去逆转全球化。每一个或者每一个国家都是全球化的受益者，当然也可能是受害者，其中的关键是我们需要处理好如何去面对全球化这一趋势。我相信，只有积极主动去迎接全球化，才能够从中获利。 全球化中谁获得的利益最大？ Who gains the most in globalization? 5.Anti-smoking in Foshan 佛山禁烟 In my opinion, it is a good thing to ban smoking in Foshan. Of course, banning smoking is not only a good thing in Foshan, but also a good thing all over the world. Because smoking is harmful to health, second-hand smoke makes many innocent people die, which is the reality we have to face. If we see these facts, we will know that banning smoking is a good thing.
compus love A:How do you think of the campus love? B:I think this is normal for teenagers. A:Why? B: When they first enter the college,they are unfamiliar with the surroundings.So they always feel lonely and helpless. A: Then they are likely to find someone to be with them, right? B:Yes,and lots of students want to study with some friends of the opposite sex together,and gradually both of them fall in love with each other. A:But sometimes students are eager for love just becsuse they are in pubertas. B:I know. The youth always look forward to love. By the way,do you believe in campus love? A:I don’t believe in campus love, I do'n think the campus love can make any sense. B:Why do you think so? I thirst for campus love, I thi nk it’s very pure. A:In my personal view , campus love brings more disadvantages than advantages. B:I don’t think so, if you fall in love, you can go to study together everyday,how wonderful it is. A:But,the campus love may affect your grades. We are still students, learning is the most important thing. B:However,if you fall in love, your college life will not be so boring, your life will become more meaningful and colorful. A:In fact , there are more meaningful things in the college, not just the campus love. B:The love is a kind of life experience, you need to try,it will bring you a lot of unexpected happiness. A:In addition,as a student without any economic foundation, all the money you use belongs to your parents,.and many lovers break up when they graduate because of their different future plans. B:It’s a real problem, but life is like a box of chocolate,you never know what you’re gonna get. you must taste it if you want to know the taste. A:I don’t have to eat the whole egg in order to discover that it is bad. B:I know everything you said, but I still look forward to campus love, because everyone needs a listener to share secrets,happiness and so on. A:Maybe you are right. Everyone’s ideas are not the same! B:yes！I hope i can get a great campus love! A:Best wishes to you ! https://www.doczj.com/doc/732523267.html,munication problem
《师生情》课后口语训练教学案例与反思 教学内容：全日制聋校教材第十一册第13课《师生情》课后口语训练。 教学目的：1、通过师生间的交流，培养聋生积极思维、想说爱说的口语表达习惯。 2、在老师的启发指导下，训练聋生能根据问题的意思展开思路，说出自己要说的话，培 养聋生积极主动交往的习惯。 3、在语言训练过程中渗透礼貌教育，教会学生正确使用礼貌用语 教学准备：课件《诗朗诵》 教学重点：结合创设的语言情景，使学生学会围绕一个中心进行谈论；学习对话，并指导学生做到谈论自如，有自己的真情实感。 教学过程： 师：谈谈自己心目中的老师是什么样的？ 生1：我心目中的好老师是风趣、幽默的。 生2：我喜欢讲课生动、效率高的老师。 生3：我认为和蔼可亲的老师是好老师。 生4：我认为朋友式的老师是好老师，这样我们就能相处得很好。 师：你们生活中有没有遇到过自己说的这样理想的老师？他做的哪些事能体现这点？ 生1：我的班主任刘老师讲课效率特高，手语打得特好，让人一看就懂，从不拖课，我喜欢上他的课。 生2：我的数学老师王老师是一位朋友式的老师，一次，我们几个住校同学偷偷搞生日聚会，不知怎么，她也知道了，不但没有批评我们，反而也和我们玩得不亦乐乎，我们都喜欢她。 生3：罗校长是我们的自然老师，我特别爱看（听）他讲课，因为他一和我们交流，课堂上就充满笑声。 生4：在我上二年级时，曾教过我数学的徐老师是位特别和蔼可亲的老师，她总是像妈妈一样，关心照顾每一位同学，一次午饭我碗里的饭菜不小心撒了一地，就是她把自己的饭菜给了我。这件事我一辈子都不会忘记。（聋生争相举手，师用手势打住） 师：看，提到自己的老师，大家就有说不完的心里话，好，下面，你们就与自己的同桌互相谈谈自己的老师。（聋生互相交流） 师：下面，老师要当一回记者，采访你们，说说你心目中的好老师及遇到过这样的老师吗？（叫一学生上来，其他学生认真看、认真听，以备评价） 采访过程： 师：同学，您好，我姓旷，是江西电台少儿栏目的记者，请问，您是哪个学校的学生？ 生：您好！我是吉安市特殊教育学校的学生。
2014-2015学年下学期期末英语口语考试材料 zzqXQiang专用 1.It is said that a tough childhood might drive people to remarkable achievement and success. Do you agree with it or not? Why? 你同意“艰苦的童年也许能使人获得卓越成就”吗？ Yes, I agree. It’s true that difficul t childhoods do leave some people wounded and disadvantaged. But for others, a tough childhood actually drives them to remarkable achievement and success, because the tough childhood make them realize their full potential. So, hardships do not have to lead to failure and “well-being” is not always an advantage for us. All in all, i t’s the positive attitude towards life that really matters.是的,我同意。的确,这是真的，艰难的童年也让某些人受伤 也对他们不利（弱势群体）。但对另一些人来说,一个艰难的童年真正驱使他们非凡的成就和成功,因为艰难的童年使他们意识到他们的全部潜力。所以,困难没有导致失败,“幸福”是对我们来说不是一个优势。总之,积极的生活态度,真的很重要。 2.How much do you know about Anna Eleanor Roosevelt? 你对安娜·埃莉诺·罗斯福有何了解？ She was a former US “First Lady”. She lost her parents at the age of 10, and had a very unpleasant childhood, but she always kept a positive attitude towards life. After becoming the First Lady, she helped her husband manage the White House and raised 6 children. After her husband’s death, she spent the remainder of her life as a highly respected American spokesperson to the US. 她是美国前“第一夫人”。她10岁时失去了父母，过了一个很不愉快的童年，但她始终保持着积极的生活态度。在成为第一夫人，她帮助她的丈夫管理白宫和抚养6个孩子。在她丈夫死后，她将生命中剩下的时间都花在了美国，作为一个备受尊敬的美国发言人。 3.What has happened to the British pubs nowadays? Why? 如今英国的酒吧发生了怎样的变化？