Module 6
Unit 1
☆重点单词☆
■精讲
1．Realistic adj.现实主义的；现实的
a realistic writer写实主义作家
Hold a realistic attitude towards the present world．
对当今社会抱着一种现实的态度。
Be realistic! 现实点儿吧!
realism现实主义realist现实主义者
reality n．现实
2．abstract adj．抽象的
Little kids have great difficulty understanding abstract concepts．
小孩子在理解抽象概念方面有很大困难。
Beauty is abstract，but it is what everyone pursues．
美虽抽象却为人人所追求。
abstract noun抽象名词
3．consequent
(1) adj. 随之发生的；作为结果的
The bad weather and the consequent confusion of traffic made it impossible for schools to operate as usual．
糟糕的天气及由此引起的交通混乱使得学校不能正常运作。
(2) consequently adv．(=as a result) 因此；所以
I lost my luggage at the airport and consequently I had to be back home．
我在机场把行李弄丢了因此只能回家。
(3) consequence n．结果；后果；影响(常用作复数)
as a consequence／in consequence结果
as a consequence of／in consequence of 由于……的结果
In consequence of your bad work I am forced to dismiss you.
由于你糟糕的工作表现我不得不开除你。
4．aim
(1) v. 瞄准；对准
aim the gun at the bear把枪瞄准熊
Don?t aim the needle at his eyes．
不要用针对着他的眼睛。
aim at向……努力；力争；企图
aim high志向高远
be aimed at目标是，目的是；(批评，评沦等)针对某人
(2) n．瞄准；目的；目标
Take careful aim before firing．开火之前仔细瞄准。
(3)aimless adj．无目的的，无目标的
aimless life没有目标的生活
5．symbol
(1) n．象征；标志。
Green is the symbol of peace．
绿色是和平的象征。
(2) 符号；记号
On maps，a triangle is the symbol for a mountain．
地图上，三角符号代表山脉。
(3) symbolic adj. 使用符号的；象征性的
Many symbolic actions are used in Beijing opera．
京剧中有很多象征性的动作。
6．focus
(1) n．焦点；焦距；使人感兴趣的所在
The focus of my camera does not work properly．
我相机的对焦不好用了。
Her fashionable dress became the foCUS of attention at the party．
她的时髦装束成了晚会关注的焦点。
(2)focus(sth)on sth把……集中于…
focus the x-ray on the patient?s chest．
把X光线集中于病人的胸部。
I can?t focus on anything today after the tiring ride in the country．
今天我在乡间骑车累了，集中不起精神来。
7．possession
(1) n．具有；持有；财产，所有物
fight for the possession of the ball争球
My father left me no possessions and I had to make a fortune myself．
我父亲没留给我任何财产，我只能白手起家。
(2)sb is in possession of sth = sth is in the
possession of sb占有
take possession of占有
possess v．领有；持有
possessor n．所有人；持有人
8．convince
(1)v．convince sb of sth使某人确信；使某人明白
Who can convince you of my admiration to you?
谁能使你相信我是钦佩你的呢?
I have been convinced that you had nothing to do with the theft．．
我相信你和偷窃无关。
(2)v．be (fully) convinced that…(完全)相信／被说服
She is fully convinced that her language skill will be an advantage over other applicants．
她完全相信她的语言能力与其他申请者相比是个优势．
convincible adj.可被说服的
convincing adj.令人信服的
9．controversial adj.引起或可能引起争议的
Whether it is beneficial for senior high school students to study abroad remains a controversial topic．
高中学生到国外学习是否有益一直是个有争议的话题。
controversy n．争论；论战
10．score
(1) n．得分t
make／get a high score得高分
keep the score记录分数
(2) n．二十
a score of pupils二十个学生
scores of几十个
(3) v. 得分
Our team scored five goals in the first half．我们的队在前半场得了五分。
11．attempt
(1) n．企图；尝试、
The boy made an attempt to avoid／at avoiding punishment．
那个男孩子企图逃避惩罚。
(2) v. 企图做；尝试做
He attempted suicide but failed．
他试图自杀未果。
We are attempting to design the biggest theme park in the world．
我们正试图设计一个世界最大的主题公园。
12．predict v. 预报；预言
This instrument can predict earthquakes．
这个仪器能预报地震。
prediction n．预报；预言．
predictable adj．可预报的
predictor n．预言家
13．aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的；有闯劲的；侵略的；好斗的
Boys can be aggressive．男孩子好斗。
Aggressive nations threaten world peace．
好侵略的国家威胁世界和平。
aggression n．侵略；攻击；敌对情绪
aggressor n．侵略者
14．permanent adj. 永久的；永恒的；长期的
permanent residence永久居留权
a permanent scar永久的疤痕
a permanent address固定的地址
15．tip n．
(1) 尖端
fingertips指尖
walk on the tips of toes踮着脚尖走路
(2)小费
We refuse a tip in this restaurant．
在这家饭店我们拒绝小费。
(3)小建议，小窍门
Here are some tips for traveling in mountainous areas．
这是一些到山区旅游的小建议。
■精练
根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式
1. Napoleon was unwilling to risk a
conflict with this country, and c
promised to withdraw his troops
apeedily from Mexico.
2. At his father?s death he came into p_ _
of a million dollars.
3 .A flower is beautiful，but beauty itself is
a______.
4. Our military response to the
a_______act was limited but sufficient to show our determination.
5. My paper is an a_______ to solve the
problem.
6. The peasants were firmly c______ that
they were the rightful owners of the lands.
7. The surgeon p________ that the patient
would be walking again in a week.
8. They built a p monument to the
hero.
9. It is important ,too,that the selections be
chosen from ________(当代的)writings.
10. This c_______issue has caused wide
concern and thus led to a heated debate.
☆重点短语☆
■精讲
1.take the place of sb／sth =take one?s place 代替
take place 发生,举行
John is too ill to come,so I?m taking his place.
约翰病了不能来，因此我代替他。
The threatened strike did not take place after all.
终究恐怖的斗争没有发生。
2. scores of几十；许多
英语中的所有数量单位词在表示概数时，同时加“s”和“of”, 如：dozens of，scores of，hundreds of，thousands of，millions of etc.
当这些单位词前有数词修饰袁示确定的数目时，不加“s”和“of”.如：
two dozen eggs，three hundred pupils,five million people etc；但three score of policemen 例外。
●精练
1. He has done _________to help me with my English.
2. She loved her mother so much that no one could ________her mother.
3. ________people are standing in line for registration in the hall.
4. Modern medicine has tended to _______developing highly complicated surgical techniques too much.
5. The boss of our company _________ training everybody by the end of this year.
6. She ________the idea that something bad would happen.
7 .He _________ to escape from the prison,but failed at last.
8．Let?t hope she proves ________all that has been done today.
☆重点句型☆
■精讲
1 The stqe of Western art has changed many times，while Chinese art has changed less often.
西方的艺术风格已改变了多次，而中国艺术的变化不太经常。
本句为while引导的并列句。意为：却，但是，而(用于强调两种情况、活动等之问的差别)
That region has plenty of natural resources while this one has none.
那个地区自然资源丰富，这个地区却一点也没有。
You like sports while l like reading
你喜欢体育而我喜欢阅读。
2. During the Middle Ages,the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.
在中世纪，画家的主要目的是以绘画宗教为主题。
to represent religious themes为不定式作表语
Our duty is to help the young children to grow better.
我们的职责是帮助孩子们更好地成长。
注意：当主语巾含有do时，不定式作表语时，to可省略。
What he wants (to)do help her with her English。
他想做的是帮助她学英语。
3. The first person to use perspective in his paintings was Masaccio in 1428．
第一个在绘画中使用透视法的人是马萨乔．那是在1428年。
to use perspective为不定式作定语，修饰the first person,当名词被first，second，next，last，only等修饰时，其后常用不定时作定语。
She was always the first one to come and the last to leave．
她总是第一个来而最后一个走。
He is the only person to know the whole truth．
他是唯一了解事实真相的人。
4．Some modern art is abstract；that is，the painter does not attempt to paint object as we see them with our eye，but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object，using color，line and shape to represent them.
一些现代艺术作品是抽象的；也就是说，画家并不想把物体画得像我们亲眼所见的那样，取而代之的是利用色彩，线条，形状来集中表现物体的某些特性。
that is=that is to say：也就是说，即；常用作插入语。
We are leaving on March 2，that is，Friday.
我们3月2号离开，也就是星期五。
5．The impressionist period is generally recognized as the beginning of modern painting.
印象派艺术家阶段通常被认为是现代艺术的开始。
recognize…as…公认为……是……
类似的结构还有：
consider／imagine／think of／look on／refer to
Lawrence?s novel was eventually recognized as a work of genius．
劳伦斯德的小说最终被公认为天才之作。■精练
填入适当的词或所给词的适当形式完成下列句子。
1.________ (read)is an experience quite
different from watching TV；there are
pictures________(form)in your mind
instead of before your eyes.
2.I do every single bit of
housework________my husband Bob
just does the dishes now and then．
3._________ I admit that the problems are
difficult，I don?t agree that they cannot be
solved．
4．His only wish is________(become) a
doctor．
5.The first thing he did after the
competition was__________(go) to his
coach and thank him a lot．
6.Madam Curie was the first woman
scientist in the world_________(receive)
two Nobel Prizes．
7. You didn?t let me drive. If we
_______(drive) in turn，you______(get)
so tired．
8. The old temple can date back to about 3
centuries ago，_______，300 hundred
years ago．
9．The article is well worth_______(read)，
but it is not worthy________(translate)．
10. _________is no wonder he knows
much about the case．
单元达标100分
============================
记分_________
一、根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母
或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式(每
小题1分，共10分)
1．Does the P________of wealth bring
happiness．
2．The purpose is to provide a cover for
their own_________ (侵略) activities．
3．His long illness and c_______absence
put him behind in his work．
4.________(现今)more and more youths
prefer pop music rather than classical
music．
5.The art school held an e_________of
modern art yesterday．
6. It would be_______(可笑的)to walk
backward all tIle time．
7．Moses was the great la-giver of the
Jewish r_________．
8．Most people believe the tree is the
s_______of life,especially in the
deserts．
9．These comments result in more narural
and r_________ speech．
10．I mention the peoples of Asia，because their c________is the oldest and
strongest in the world．
二、用所给单词所构成的短语填空(每小题2分，共10分)
1．Any．one found________this kind of
poison will be punished．( possession ) 2．Though I couldn?t believe my ears at the very beginning，now I______the
truth．(convince)
3．The beams of lighl，moved across the
stage and then ________the actors．(focus) 4．His speech_______ the boys who had not play fair．(aim)
5．_________the bitterest race hatreds broke out in that country．(consequence)
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空《每小题i．5分，共15分)
1.If he______(be)here now, he would not
let the matter end this way．
2．If you_______(put)the gold watch in a
safe place，yon would not have lost it．
3.If our train should arrive on time，
we______(have) time to visit your sister．
4．If the doctor hadn?t tried their best to
save you，you _______(not stand)hear
now．
5．I_______ (give)you more money，but 1
was so poor then．
6.The newcomers talked as if
they_____(know) each other for ages．
7．He doesn?t dare to leave the house in
case he________(recognized)．
8．If only you_______ (not tell)him what I
said! Everything would have been all
right．
9.But for your help,we________(not
succeed)in the experiment．
10.We demanded that we
_______(inform)any change in the plan．
四、完形填空(每小题2分，共20分)
A bank is an organization which does various jobs.Because of the 1 and importance of the work it undertakes，a bank is a(n) 2 part of modern industrial society．It enables its 3 to complete most of their business then and 4 ．
A bank is a place where money can be deposited and 5 safely．If your house 6 you will lose the money you keep at home，but if you deposit your money in the bank you will not lose your money.
A bank is also a(n) 7 which lends money and receives interest for the money it lends．And when it 8 money from its depositors，it pays them interest．On 9 the bank makes a profit out of these 10 ．( )1．A．advancement B．variety
C．regularity D．necessity
( )2．A．1arge B．central ‘
C．useful D．essential
( )3．A．1awyers B．employees
C．eustonlers D．owners
( )4．A．there B．1eave
C．satisfied D．all right
( )5．A．made B．worked
C．kept D．felt
( )6．A．is pulled down B．bums down C．is broken down D．gets down ( )7．A．association B．building
C．house D．organization
( )8．A．receives B．borrows
C．1ends D．accepts
( )9．A．balance B．he other hand
C．condition D．the contrary
( )10．A．things ’B．t,plans
C．programs D．activities
五、语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分)
It has a wonlan’S face， 1 (wear)a dress，and can dance 2 music with a man——but it doesn?t make any mistakes．It’s a robot．The Partner Ballroom Dance Robot—also 3 (know)as PBDR and MS DanceR(short for Mobile Smart Dance Robot) —is a new robot that can dance with a human partner．It appeared in public for the first time in June at the world Expo 2005 in Japan．
Standing five feet，six inches tall and 4
(weigh) 220 pounds，MS DanceR can hurt the toes if it ever steps on its human partner?s feet—if it has feet．Instead, the robot has three wheels that are hidden under its long dress． 5 allow it to move along the dance floor with its panne 6 all directions.
7 its human partner dances, Ms DanceR studies its partner?s movements．By doing this，it learns how to match the movements of its human partner?s upper body．8 MS DanceR cannot match all of the dance steps of a human being—since it has wheels，not legs—the expels say it is a step toward creating a robot that can 9 (动词短语)elderly people．Good caregivers must be able to guess what an elderly person wants or needs．There is still much work to be done before a robot can be built to do important jobs，such as holding out a hand before 10 elderly person falls．
1._________
2._________
3.__________
4._________
5._________
6.__________
7._________
8._________
9.__________
10.________
六、缩写课文(每小题1分，共15分)
根据课文内容用适当的词填空，使短文完整(一空一词)
The style of Western art has changed many times，1_______Chinese art has changed less often．Art is 2_______by the way of life and beliefs of the people．As there are so many different styles of Western art，3_______the passage just describe only a few of the main styles，4______from the 5th century AD．During the Middle Ages，the main aim of painters was to 5_______religious themes and paintings from this period are full of religious 6______．In the Renaissance，new ideas and values 7_______those that were held in the Middle Ages．People began to 8_____more on humans．One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective．When people first saw this kind of paintings they were 9_____they were looking through a hole in the wall at a reaI scene．In the late 1 9th century．There were many new inventions and many social changes．10_____these changes also led to changes in painting styles．The impressionists were the first artists to paint outdoors．They wanted to show how light and 11_____fell on objects at different times of the day．Because natural light changes so quickly，their paintings were not as 12______as those of earlier painters．Therefore，most people hated this new style at first，and they said the painters were careless and their paintings were 13_______．Though the impressiofiists’paintings were14______，they are accepted as the beginning of what we now call“modern art”．Modem art can be abstract as well as 15_______．
六、翻译(每小题3分，共15分)
1．我设法使他们相信了故事是真的。(convince)
__________________________________
2．我试着使他改变主意，可是失败了。(attempt)
__________________________________
3．他来广州的目的是要找到更好的工作。(aim)
__________________________________
4．等车的时候，他看到一个老朋有经过但没有注意到他。
__________________________________
5．如果我的老师现在在这里，他就会告诉我该做什么。
__________________________________
Unit 2
☆重点单词☆
■精讲
1．aspect n．方面；样子；容貌
Considering every aspect of the issue，we should take immediate measures．
考虑到问题的各个方面我们应该立即采取措施。
Does one?S asp ect count in this employment?
在这项工作中外貌重要吗?
2．Convey v. 运载；运送；表达或传达(思想，感情等)
The petrol is conveyed by the pipes from the sea to the cities．
石油由管道运送到各城市。
I could find no words to convey my excitemertt?when the news of our victory reached．
听到我们胜利的消息我找不出语言来形容我激动的心情。
3．emotion情绪；情感；激动
Teachers should be good at conveying knowledge and emotions．
老师要擅长传达知识和情感。
She related her experiences in her youth with deep emotion．
她满怀深情地讲述了她年轻时的经历。【链接】
emotional adj. 情感的；引起感情的；易动感情的
emotional problems情感问题
emotional music抒情音乐
emotionless 没有感情的
1 was irritated by her emotionless voice and indifferent attitude.
我被她毫无感情的声音和不以为然的态度惹恼了。
4．branch n．树枝，分枝，分部，分店，(学科)分科，部门，支流，支脉
a branch railway line铁路支线
branches of a company公司的分公司
a branch post office邮局分局
a branch bank of China中国银行支行5．transform v. 改变某事物或某人的外观或特性
One?s personality can not be completely transformed．
一个人的个性无法完全改变。
What was it that transformed this beautiful land into desert?
是什么把美丽的土地变成了沙漠?
【链接】transformable adj．可改变外观或性质的
transformation n．改变；转变；改观，the transformation of the stated—owned enterprises国有企业的转变transformer变压器
6．revolve v. 绕……旋转；转动；以……为中心
The earth revolves round the sun．
地球绕着太阳转。
The whole family revolve around my little son．我们全家以我的小儿子为中心。
【链接】a revolving chair转椅
a revolving door旋转门
a revolving computer screen电脑旋转屏幕revolver左轮手枪
7．appropriate adj. 适当的；正当的Leisure clothes are not appropn…ate for such a formal occasion．
休闲服不适合这么正式的场合。
You will be informed of all the details at the appropriate time．
在合适的时间会告诉你所有细节。appropriately adv．适当地，妥当地‘8．pattern n．图案；花样；模式；样式She wore a dress with a pattern of roses on it．
她穿着有玫瑰花图案的裙子。
a drawing pattern图画的样式
patterns of shoe leather制鞋的皮革样板
sentence patterns句型
9．underline v．在……下划线；强化；强调
What does the underlined word mean in the context?
划线的词在上下文中是什么意思?
Please underline the sentences which represent the main idea．
请划出描述中心思想的句子。
The large population of laid—off workers underlines the need of sound social welfare．众多的下岗工人突出了健全的社会福利的需要。
10．load n．负荷物；运载物
The heavy load of homework makes me feel stressed and depressed．
繁重的家庭作业使我感到又紧张又沮丧。
【链接】(1) loads of sth=plenty of许多
I will buy you loads of clothes if you do a good job．
你要是表现好我就给你买很多衣服。
(2)load v．装载；使……负荷
The construction workers are still loading a lift with bricks．
建筑工人还在往电梯上装砖呢。
unload v．卸载
download v．下载
●精练
根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式
1．He t______the old kitchen into a beautiful
sitting-room．
2．That splendid building is a theater。with a
________ (旋转的) stage．
3．He has a habit of U the words he is not sure of while reading some English articles．
4．This company is a P of what a good company should be．
5．The bridge was built to support heavy______．
6．Joy，grief，fear，hate，love，rage，and excitement are a11_______．
7．What was it that the author wants to c______ to his readers through the story? 8．Plain and simple clothes are! for school wear．
9．Then she went on to consider other a of the matter．
10．Brain surgery is another difficult of
advanced medicine．
☆重点短语☆
■精讲
1．take it easy放松；别紧张
Take it easy!You won’t get into trouble with US around．
别紧张!有我们在你不会有麻烦的。
相关短语：
take one’S time别急；慢慢来
Take your time．You have haft an hour to go．别急，你还有半个小时的时间。
take sth apart拆开
Taking the radio apart is an easy job but it will be hard to put it together．
把收音机打开是件容易的工作，但要把它组装起来却很难。take in收留；欺骗；吸收，摄取；包含，包括
Consumers can be taken in easily by the exaggerating advertisement．
消费者会轻易被夸张的广告欺骗。
take off脱掉；起飞
The fight will take off soon，let’S be on board．
飞机将很快起飞，登机吧。
take sb off sth使某人离开……，调离
The player was taken off the team due to his breaking team rules too often．
由于经常不守队规，这位选手被调离队伍。take on呈现；带着
Her eyes took on a hurt expression．
她的眼睛里呈现出受伤的表情。
take sb on雇佣；允许搭乘
Our company is expending and it is urgent for US to take on some new o伍ee workers．我们公司在扩大，急需雇佣一些办公人员。take over控制；接管：接替
The army has taken over the whole city．
部队已经控制了整个城市。
take up占据；从事；接下去
The piano takes too much room．
这架钢琴占了太多空间。
After the graduation, I took up a job as a journalist.
毕业后，我当了记者。
I?ll take up the story I told yesterday．
我接着昨天的故事讲。
2．run out(of)用完
The factory has rein out of raw materials．
工厂用完了原材料
The ink ran out before I finfish the letter．
信没写完，墨水用完了。
相关短语：
run across sb／sth偶遇某人／某物
run after追赶；追求
run over溢出；撞倒并轧过；快速阅读，温习Do you think I should run over the notes before my lecture?
你认为我应该在课前温习一下笔记吗? 3．make up of构成
The country is made up of four parts．
这个国家由4个部分构成。
make up化妆；编造；补足
She usually spends an hour making (herself) up before going to a party．
她在参加派对前，通常要花费1个小时化妆。Don’t make up any excuse．
不要编造任何借口。
You have to get some more liquid to make up the amount we need．
你得再拿些液体来补足我们需要的量。
相关短语：
make the most of充分利用；好好利用
1 will make the most of this opportunity to improve my English．
我将充分利用这次机会来提高我的英语。make out辨认；理解；断言，声称
The letters on the sign are too small to be made out．
标识上的字母太小辨认不清。
It seems you haven’t made out what I said．
你似乎并没理解我的话。
make sense有道理；讲得通
Your exDlanation doesn’t make sense at a11．你的解释没有一点道理。
4.let out 发出（叫声）；泄露（机密）
He let out a yell and ran home.他叫嚷着跑回家。
I?ll never tell you another secret if you let this one out.
如果你泄露了这个秘密，我就不会再告诉你另一个秘密了。
相关短语：
let alone 不要管（碰，惹等）；更不要说After it had scratched him several times,the boy let the cat alone.
在被抓了几次后，这个小男孩再不敢惹那只小猫了。
He can?t speak his own native language well,let alone French．
他自己的母语都说不好，更别提法语了。
let sb down辜负，使失望，失信
He won’t let you down；he is very reliable．他不会让你失望的，他是个可靠的人。
let go (of) 放开，放手
let go (of) the handle／the rope etc．放开把手／绳索等
let it go算了The children teased Frank，but he smiled and let it go．
孩子们戏弄弗兰克，但他微笑着算了。
■精练
with math?
2．She had been absent from school for two
months，so she naturally had a lot of
homework to _____.
3．we our fresh water before we came out the desert·
4．I haye been working SO hard for into several weeks that I decided to_____for a few days．
5.The beauty of the gardens in
Suzhou_______ all the visitors from all
over the world．
6．The famous popular novel“Gone with the wind”________several languages．7．He________very late last night．It is no
wonder he fell asleep during the math
class just now.
8.Who_______the details of the reshuffle in
the depanment?
9．Michael Jackson_______teenagers in
China several years ago，but now few
people mention him．
☆重点句型☆
●精讲
1．By playing with the words in nursery rhymes，children learn about language．通过童谣语言的游戏，孩子们学习了语言知识。
by：prep．
(1)(=at the side of)在附近，在旁边
We had a day by the seaside．
我们在海边呆了一天。
(2)通过，取道
He entered by the back door．
他通过后门进去了。
(3)按……计算
The workers are usually paid by the hour．
工人通常按小时付费。
(4)表示增减的幅度
I am older than you by three years．
我比你大3岁。
(5)通过某种手段或方式、交通工具等。
Is this made by hand or by machine?
这是用手做的还是用机器做的?
2．We would have won，if Jack had scored that goal．
如果杰克进了那个球，我们就会赢了。
本句是虚拟语气句，if条件从句用had done，主句用would have done，表示与过去事实相反。
表示与现在事实相反时，从句用did，主句用would do；表示与将来事实相反时，从句有三种形式：did；were to do；should do，主句用would do。
如：Ifl were you，1 would tell him the truth．If he hadn’t done that foolish thing．he wouldn’t have been punished．
If it were to rain tomorrow，1 would give you 1，000 yuan．
3．All my family,are looking forward to your coming．
我们全家都在期待你的到来。
英语的固定动词短语中若含有to，则to大部分都是介词，因而其后要跟名词或动名词。这类词组常见的有：
belong to属于
devote to把……献给；把……专用于admit to承认，让……进入
adapt to适合be accustomed to习惯于get used to习惯于object to反对
look up to尊敬，仰望lead to导致
see to负责；注意pay attention to注意refer to提到get down to着手做
stick to坚持
■精练
填入适当的词或所给词的适当形式完成下列句子。
1.You?d better change your way _______
you behave in public．
2．I really appreciate the way you think of
________(solve)the troublesome case．3．Compared with that of last year，the
production of the factory has
increased______10％．
4．All those goods are sold weight．5．If you (study) harder, you _______(admit) that university．6．If I (be) a doctor，I (try) my best to save those miserable refugees．
7. he admit to the crime，he would be
sentenced to 10 years? imprisonment．8．With a lot of difficult problems
_______(settle)，the newly-elected
president is having a hard time．
9．the suspect was taken into the court with
his hands (tie)．
10．Almost all the people present strongly
objected to (carry out) the project
rashly．
单元达标100分
记分
一、根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式(每小题1分，共10分)
1．To r poetry is to say it aloud to an
audience，from memory．
2．That is just a mere r of your former action．
3.The wicked girl t the dog by pulling
its tail．
4．The book was first t into English
in the late 15th century．
5．A poem has to find a r for a word．6. Fatherhood t him into a more
responsible person.
7．This example (强调)the language
teacher?s responsibility to push beyond the
limit of the drill and to add to knowledge．8．The new power station will share the
_____ at peak hours．
9．The ambassador personally c——the president?s message to the premier. 10．His speech had an effect on our e ___
rather than on our reason.
二、用所给单词所构成的短语填空(每小题2分，共10分)
1．Although he had read the letter again，he
still couldn?t it．(sense)
2．Some so—called news items are just
_____ in the newspaper office．(make) 3．The second the bell rang，the pupil ____a yell and ran home．(let) 4．while reading the novel，the main
character me deeply his great
determination．(impress)
5．Fred?s good nature make him——all his fellow students．(popular)
三、用所给动词的适当形式填空(每小题1．5分，共15分)
1.He wishes he (not make)the big mistake．
2.I would rather you (come)next
weekend．
3.It is high time that we (pay)our
attention to the problem．
4．It has been decided that the sports meet ______(put off) till next month．
5．If it (not be)for the captain，the ship would have sunk．
6．His proposal that we (do)the experiment again is accepted by everyone．7．It is necessary that he (have)a recognizedqualification．
8．He intended (give)Tom another chance，but he changed his mind later．9．I (would like)to have a cup of tea，but there was none．
10．It is requested thai everyone——(keep) seated．
四、完形填空(每小题2分，共20分)
In the past decade，academic research has offered insight into the feminine advantage．Studies show that，on average，women pea'form better in all 1 of language usage，says Diane，a psychology professor at California State University．The differences 2 early．Girls begin talking before boys，have 3 vocabularies at an earlier age，and produce more．
Women excel in the ability to produce 4 and complicated sentences．National data __5_that girls in grade four，eight and twelve score higher than boys in reading and writing．
Studies show that 6 excel at certain word-fluency tests，7 listing muhiple words that begin with the same letter．According to psychologist Doreen Kimura of the University of West Ontario，women __8__ men on manual tasks．In studies 9_ quick，accurate, small movements, including a pegboard test，in which subjects place small pegs into holes as quickly as they _10__ women outdo men．
( )1．A．aspects B．view
C．ways D．means
( )2．A．turn in B．show up
C．die out D．end up ( )3．A．1arge B．1arger
C．small D．smaller ( )4. A．careful B．simple
C．varied D．encouraging ( )5．A．say B．read
C．show D．advice ( )6．A．boys B．men
C．women D．girls
( )7. A．so that B．as a result
C．such as D．now that ( )8．A．perform B．outperform C．outlive D．undo ( )9．A．concluding B．involving
C．relating D．responding ( )10. A．can B．could
C．wⅢ D. would
五、语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分) American art collector Howard Hong paid$26，352 for three paintings made by a chimpanzee．The three 1 (bright) colored paintings were painted by Congo, 2__ Chimpanzee artist．They were created in the 1950s, 3 Congo was just three years old．The paintings 4__(sell)at an auction in London, England, by Bonhams，one of the world oldest and largest art acction houses．Art experts thought that the art would sell for between$1,000 and$5,000．Congo’s paintings __5 (动词短语)more money than art by some well．known artists．
6 (bear) in 1954，Congo created about 400 drawing and paintings between the
ages of 2 and 4．Congo died in 1964．He quickly learned how to use a brush and pencils，7 knocking them over or trying to eat them．Congo just painted on paper，never __8 _(allow)the paint to spill over the edge．He appeared to know when he had finished a painting 9 refusing to pick up his brush or pencil over the work．
Congo was called an artist in 1957 when a well-known ethologist(生态学家)and painter named Desmond Morris first held an art exhibition with the chimpanzee?s art．Some people said the art was silly，10 others said the art showed how smart man?s closest relatives were．
1. 2. 3.
4. 5. 6 . ____ 7. 8. 9.
10.
六、缩写课文(每小题1分，共15分)
根据课文内容用适当的词填空，使短文完整(一空一词)
There are various reasons why people write poetry．Some poems tell a story or 1____ something in a way 2 will give the reader a strong 3 .Others try to 4 certain emotions．Poets use many different forms of poems to 5 themselves．Here are some simpler forms of poetry．
Some of the first poetry 6 in English were nursery rhymes．They have strong rhythm and rhyme and have a lot of 7 ．This makes them easy to learn and to recite.8______ playing with the words in nursery rhymes，children learn about language．Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem 9 five lines．10_____these，students can convey a strong picture in just a few words．English speakers have also borrowed from some kind of Asian poetry．11 ，Haiku is not a 12 _____form of English poetry but it is very 13_____ with English speakers as it is easy to write and，14 the cinquain，gives a clear picture and creates a special feeling in just a few words．A lot of Tang poetry has also been 15 into English．The translations have a free form that English speakers like to copy．
七、翻译(每小题3分，共15分)
1.他的表演给观众留下了深刻印象。(impress) 2．一旦有一天我们用完了自然资源，结果无法想象。(run out of)
3．跟他同时代的青年相比，他的经历很特别。
4．在这里居住多年以后，他已经习惯了这里的生活方式。(accustom)
5．尽管有许多的困难他还是决定独自面对。(in spite of)
Unit 3
16．needle
17 statement
18 perfect
19 I~asic
20 comprehension
21 Judgement
22 challenging
☆重点短语☆
1 take drugs
2 be on a diet
3 a halanced diel
4 physical fitness
5 give adviee Oil
6 dueto
7 be addictedto
8 be aeeustomed to
9 do sth automatically
10 decide on
11 affect 0ne?s health
12 1n spite of
13传el like doing
14．remind sb of sth
15}he 1mnmne sTstem
16 aL risk
17 take risk
18 get into the habit
19 a curefor、Ih
20 risk doing sth
21 a person infected with AIDS
22 so far
23 stand for
☆重点句型☆
1.It is amazing that at my age I am still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon.
2 I think my long and active life must be due to the healthy lifeI live.
3 When I was taken off the school football team because I was too slow,I knew it was time to quit smoking.
4. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.
考点讲练
☆重点量词☆
■精讲
1. stress
(1) n.压力；焦虑；强调；重要性
suffer from stress受到压力
under stress在压力之下
in times of stress在困难时期
The school lays great stress on developing children?s creativity.
这所学校特别强调发展孩子的创造力。
(2)n着重；强调；重读
Don?t stress the first syllable.
不要重读第一个音节。
Mv teacher stresses tim ing whenever we?ll have an exam.
每当我们要考试时老师都强调把握时间。
【链接】
stressful adj. 有压力的
a stressful job有压力的工作
feel／be stressed有压力；紧张
The quick tempo of modenl life makes me feel stressed.
现代牛活的陕节奏使我感到紧张。
2 adolescent n.青少年；adj.青春期的；青春期特有的
adolescence n.青春；青春期(童年与成年之间的时期)
during one?s adolescence青春时期adolescence education青春期教育
3 .due n.到期(应付给或举行等)
The dictionary of the tenth edition is due to he published next month.
第十版词典预定下个月出版。
due to由于；因……造成，归功于；应给予，应属于
Due to the foggy weather，the traffic moved very slowly．
由于雾天交通缓慢。
The failure is due to his carelessness．
失败是由于他的粗心。
The sum of $ 20 is due to you as a bonus．
这二十块是你的奖金。
4．addicted adj. 对……有瘾
be addicted to drugs／alcohol／tobacco
对麻醉药，酒，烟上瘾
be addicted to rrV soap operas沉迷于电视连续剧
【链接】
addictive adj.使人上瘾的
addictive drugs使人上瘾的麻醉药品I addiction n．瘾；沉溺
addict n．有瘾的人；有强烈兴趣的人
a drug addict有毒瘾的人
a football addict足球迷
5．accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯于
He took his accustomed seat by the window．他坐在窗边常坐的座位上。
【拓展】accustom…to…sth使……习惯于The animals in the ZOO have accustomed themselves to the ife confined to a small place．动物园里的动物仍未习惯被限制在一个小地方的生活。
be accustomed to=be used to sth习惯于……You will soon get accustomed to the weather here．
你会很快习惯这里的天气的。6．automatic adj.自动的；未加思索而做出的automatic doors自动门
autcImatic washing．machine自动洗衣机Breathing is automatic．呼吸是无意识的。
automatically自动地；下意识地
He puts his hands in his pockets automatically when he is
他一紧张就不自觉地把手放进口袋。7．manage
(1)v．负责；管理；经营
manage a shop／a business管理商店／企业
manage the personnel depamnent负责人事部
manage money理财
(2)vt．&vi．做成；应付
Do you think we can manage without him?
没他我们行吗?
manage to do sth=succeed in doing sth设法做到，成功做到
Do you suppose you can manage to get a passport?
你猜想你能设法拿到护照吗?
【链接】
manageable adj'．可管理的；易控制的
management n．管理；经营
manager n．经理；管理人；经纪人
manageress n．女经理；女管理人8．ashamed adj.办为……感到羞耻，惭愧You should feel ashamed of failing the exam．
考试失败你应该感到羞耻。
Don?t be ashamed to tell me your feeling when you first saw him．
说说你初次见到他的感觉，别难为情。[辨析]shame，shameful，shameless与ashamed shame n．羞耻心；耻辱；可耻的事，遗憾的事；
It is a shame you can?t stay for dinner．
很遗憾你不能留下来吃晚饭。
shameful adj．可耻的，不光彩的
If he did anything shameful．1 will not go away with him-
如果他做了不光彩的事，我不会放过他。
shameless 0办无耻的，不知羞耻的
You should never be in company with a shameless liar．
你应该从不和无耻的说谎者在一起。9．eventually adv．(=at last)最后，终于Eventuallv he realized he was in the wrong and had to eat his words．
终于他意识到自己错了并收回自己说过的话。
10．basic adj.基础的，基本的
Large masses of the people lack the basic necessities of life．
大批的人们缺少基本的生活必需品。【链接】
base
(1)n．基础，底座；基地，根据地
Ihe machine rests on a wide base of。steel．这台机器底座是块很宽大的钢板。
How many military bases are they maintaining on foreign soil?
他们在国外有多少军事基地?
(2)v．把……建立在；以……为基础
The company’S headquarters is based in Paris．
这家公司的总部设在巴黎。
be based on以……为基础
His remarks were based on quantities of data．
他的评论是以大量数据为根据的。
The movie is based on a true story．
这部电影是以一个真实的故事为依据的。
11．comprehension n．理解；理解力
Listening is one thing，comprehension is another．
听是一回事，理解则是另外一回事。【链接】
comprehend V．(=understand sth fully)充分理解
The young couple didn?t comprehend the role they played in the education of their child．那对年轻夫妇对自己在教育孩子方面的作用没有充分理解。
12．judgment n．意见；看法；判决；判断力；眼力
In my judgment，the project can’t be finished this year．
依我看，工程今年不能完成。
According to the judgment，he will end up staying in prison for the rest of his life．
根据裁决，他将在监狱度过余生。
A leader of a group needs to display
excellent judgment．
一个群体的领导者要显示出卓越的判断力。
【拓展】judge．判断v．judge sb／sth by／from sth
由……判断；断定；认为
Judging from appearance，he must be a professional boxer．
从外表判断，他肯定是个职业拳击手。■精练
根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示。写出该单词的正确形式
1．An a boy develops fast both
mentally and physically．
2．The loan is d and you are required
to pay back the money immediately．
3．I?m a to have mentioned it：please
forgive me.
4．He worked so hard that (终于)he
made himself ill．
5．He was so use(1 to driving that it has
become a
6．And you must a yourself to be
more at your ease when you are with
people．
7．As heavy smokers have been a to
nicotine，it is much more difficult for
ihem to give up smoking．
8．Our object in providing such models is
to train thestudents’(理解
力)．
9．But I should use my own j as to
where I aim the gun．
10．Father always put a lot of s on good tablemanners．
☆重点短语☆
●精讲
1．decide on sth决定某事
You shouldn?t have decided on such an important thing SO hastily．
你不应该如此草率地决定这么重要的事情。
You have to decide on your own career now．
你现在得为你自己的事业作决定了。
2．in spite of(=regardless of；despite)不顾；尽管；不管
He bought the business in spite of his father’S objection．
他不顾他爸爸的反对买了那个企业。
In spite of tosing the match in the World Cup，the team wasn?t discouraged at all．尽管在世界杯中败北，此队并没气馁。
3．feel like sth／doing sth想要(做)某事
I don?t have an appetite these days and don?t feel like eating at a11．
这些日子我胃口不好不想吃东西。
He feels like a cigarette．他想抽支烟。
4．take a risk／risks冒险
I know that I am taking a risk．but it is all worthwhile．
我知道我在冒险，但那是值得的。
【拓展】at risk处在危险中
If you smuggle，you put your life at risk．
如果你走私，你的生命会处在危险中。
risk doing sth冒险做某事
No one would risk putting all his money in the stock market like you．
没有人会像你一样冒险把所有的钱投入到股票上。
run the risk(of doing sth)冒着……的风险
He ran the risk of being trapped in the fire．他冒着被困在火中的风险。
5．get into(a bad habit)染上恶习
He got into the habit of smoking following his father?s example．
他学他爸爸的样子也抽起了烟。
get into trouble惹上麻烦
His bad reputation often gets him into trouble．
他的坏名声常使他麻烦重重。
相关短语：
get over a difficulty克服困难
get over a cough咳嗽好了
get through the work完成工作
get through to you打通你的电话
get in crops收获庄稼
get a word in插话
get down to sth／doing sth开始做某事
6．stand for为某事物的缩写；赞成(=be in favour of)
What does CCTV stand for?
CCTV是什么的缩写?
I stands for the rule that students must wear uniforms"ns on campus.
我赞成学生在校须穿校服的规定。
相关短语：
stand out显眼；突出
stand by袖手旁观
Many people stood by when they were fighting over the payment of the food．
他们为饭食的付款打斗时很多人看热闹。
stand by sb支持；帮助
We Will stand by you in the election．
在选举中，我们将支持你。
■精练
—What does the E ．
2．They made me one of the family．3．The company’s problems are a
mixture of bad luck and poor
management．
4. Have you a date for your
wedding?
5．We must stop these rumors；the firm?s
reputation is
6．The little boy computer games，
and his mother is very angry with him．
7．You should the routine of
saving thedocument you are working on
every 5 minutes．
8．English becomes the official language
for business the fact that the
population is largelyJapanese．
9．He is person sleeping very late
every night．
10.It is reposed that 23 dinners after
reating snails in Beijing．
☆重点句型☆
■精讲
1．When 1 was taken off the school football team because 1 was too slow，l knew it was time to quit smoking．
当我因为动作太慢而被学校足球队开除时，我认识到是我要戒烟的时候了。
在英语中有一些关于it is time…的句式，如：
(1)It is time for sb to do sth该是某人做某事的时候了。
It is time for US to have a rest．
休息的时间到了。
(2)It is(high／about)time that sb did／should do sth是该做某事了(从句中用虚拟语气)
It is hiigh time that 1 went to fetch my daughter．
(3)It is the first／second／third e把．time that sb have done sth某人第几次做某事It is the fourth time that she has rung you in a week．
这是她一周内第四次给你打电话。
2．Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette，remind yourself that you are a non-smoker．
每次你想吸烟的时候，一定要提醒你自已你是一个不吸烟的人。
every time(=each time)起到了连词的作用引导时间状语从句。
Every time he comes back，he will bring his daughter a handful of candies．
他每次回家的时候都要给他的女儿带一把糖。
如every time一样可以充当连词的时间名词还有：the first time，the second time，next time，the moment，the second，the minute，the day，by the time etc．
3．It is only when the disease has progressed to AIDS that a person begins tO look sick．
只有当一个人发展成爱滋病时，他才开始看上去有病。
本句含有it is…that…强调句型，强调了when引导的时间状语。
It is／was+被强调部分+that／who+其余部分其中被强调的部分可以是谓语以外的任何部分，被强调部分是人时可用that或who，其他一律用that；被强调部分若是原句的主
语，who／that之后的谓语动词在人称和数上应该与主语一致。
It was all the members that／who held a meeting in the club yesterday．
‘昨天所有会员们在俱乐部举行了一次会议。
It was in the bathroom that Joe found his pen．
乔是在洗手问里找到他的笔的。
It was 3 years ago that l first met him．
我是在三年前第一次见到他的。
4．Women are slightly more likely to become infected than men．
女人比男人更容易被感染上爱滋病。
sb／sth be likely to do sth某人可能做某事。
注意：该句型中，不能用possible，probable代替likely。
He is likely to follow other’s advice．(=It is probable／likely that he will follow other’s advice．)
I’m sure he is likely to fulfill his mission．我肯定他能完成他的使命。
■精练
填入适当的词或所给词的适当形式完成下列句子。
1．What one thinks and feels is
radition，habits，and education．2．Having studied at the university for 4
years，I amaccustomed to (1ive)in
the city now．
3．has been announced，we shall
have our final exams next month．
4．is widely acknowledged that most
natural resources are nonrenewable．
5．It is about time we (go)to school；
you?d better hurry up．
6．I still remember that day was the first
time I (see)the vast sea．
7．Indeed，it is time for us——(put)an end
to the discussion．
8．It was——the accident happened I
found my purse．
9．It was 30 years ago the old nlan
left his hometown and joined the army．
10．The diligent child is very much likely
______(study)in the classroom．
单元达标100分
记分
一、根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式(每小题1分，共10分)
1．Once you have had the disease you are _____(免疫)from it for the rest of life．2．Adam has a good position．so I think he
is capable enough to pay you back
e ．
3.The heating system here has an a____
temperature control．
4．He had no choice but to a himseff to the
cold weather of the new country．
5．Each paragraph may also be followed by
some c questions．
6．I must leave it to your own j to decide
whether you should offer your
resignation．
7．She has been (怀孕)for 5 months．8．The Prime Minister will make a s_____
about the issue tomorrow．
9．It is!to park your car here．
10．During the crisis years the P of coal declined 41．7 percent．
二、用所给单词所构成的短语填空(每小题2分，共10分)
1．Of course，he associating with society people like you．(not accustom) 2．A power failure， a break in the cable，brought the whole factory to a standstill．(due)
3．All the scientist’s comments large quantities of materials．(base)
4.his surprised look，he couldn’t know about the news in advance．(judge) 5．The story you have just told me
an experience I once had．
三、用括号中所给的句型改写下列句子(每小题1．5分。共15分)
1．I am still fit enough to cycle 20
kilometers in an afternoon．(it is
amazing．．)
2．The two cruel murderers has been
sentenced to death．(it is reported…)
3．Some people feel more relaxed after
they smoke．(it is strange…)
4．Smoking couples are more difficult to
become pregnant．(it?is believed…)
5．We should try to stop ourselves from
becoming addicted to cigarette
smoking．(it is no good…)
6．You can?t park your cars in some main
streets．(it is illegal…)
__________________________________
7．At that time，few people realized the
importance of environment
protection．(it was a time when…)
8．He does morning exercises every
day．(he makes it a rule…)
9．People make great efforts to learn
English nowadays．(find it
important…)
10．He is the only one who can deal with
the present situation．(it is probable…)
四、完形填空(每小题2分，共20分)
One windy spring day，I observed young people having fun using the wind to fly their kites．Multicolored 1 of various shapes and sizes filled the bright sky like beautiful birds darting and 2 ．As the strong wind blew against the kites，a 3 kept them under control．
How much like 4 we sometimes are．The Heaven gives us unpleasant situation and restrictions，rules to 5 from which we can grow and gain strength．Control is 6 to the winds of opposition．Some of us pull the rules so hard that we 7 soar to reach the heights we might have obtained．We keep part of the commandment and never rise high enough to get our tails off the ground．
Let us 8 rise to the great heights, __9 that some of the controls that we may be unhappy about are actually the steadying force that helps us 10 and achieve．( )1．A．creations B．uniforms
C．opinions D．remarks ( )2．A．singing B．dancing
C．moving D．falling ( )3．A．procedure B．method
C．string D．choice ( )4．A．kites B．birds
C．strings D．winds
( )5．A．break B．follow
C．ulake D．charge ( )6．A．necessary B．impossible
C．useless D．smooth ( )7．A．yet B．never
C．ever D．then
( )8．A．both B．every
C．each D．neither ( )9. A．blaming B．accomplishing C．attempting D．recognizing ( )10．A．rnn away B．160k down C．go up D．get off
五、语法填空(每小题1．5分，共15分)
A few years ago，SARS 1 (动词短语)in the mainland of China，causing sonic people to be killed or nearly got close to 2_ (die)．The situation was so severe that there was no time to debate who is 3 (blame)．The most important thing for the government to do is to find out the cause 4 (介词)this deadly disease．They invited all the most 5_ (experience) experts in this field to discuss and
quite a few suggestions were put forward．Some of the top experts then tested them to see whether they were 6__ (avail)．Doctor Zhong Nanshan chose one patient who was seriously ill and had little hope of picking up and had the new medicine 7 (test)on him. 8 his great joy，this patient recovered!He made his way to his office and telephoned tbe top official，9 (tell)him this exciting news．For convenience，he moved to live in his office．His method did make sense．Not soon after that，the 10 hospitals also controlled this terrible disease and kicked it out finally．
六、缩写课文(每小题1分，共15分)
根据课文内容用适当的词填空，使短文完整(一空一词)
I have just returned from a long bike ride to the old castle，it is 1 that at my age I am still fit 2 to cycle 20 kilometers in an afternoon．I think my long and 3 life must be 4 heahhy life I live．And this brings me to the real reason for my letter，my deargrandson．Your mother tells me that you have started smokingand that you are finding it dilficuh to give up．When 1 was aI teenager I also smoked and I became 5 cigarettes.There are three different ways you can become addicted．Firstly，you can become 6 _addicted to the nicotine contained in cigarettes．This means that after a while your body becomes __7_ having nicotine in it．You can also become addicted through habit．As you know，if you do the same thing over and over again，you begin to do it 8 ．Lastly，you can become 9 addicted．Some people believe theyfeel happier or more 10 after they haveI cigarette．I was once addicted in all three ways，but I still 11 to quit smoking as I realized how it could do terrible 12 to my health．It was more difficult for smoking couples to become 13 ，and it could also _14_ the health of non—smokers．I am sending you some advice I found on the internet．It might help y ou to stop．I do hope so because 1 want you to live __15 long and healthy a life and I have．七、翻译(每小题3分，共15分)
1．圣诞节在中国人中大受欢迎这一事实缘于改革开放的政策。(due to)
2．吸烟的人在生理和心理上都对香烟有瘾。(addict)
3．这些旧照片使我想起了和你们一起度过的快乐童年。(remind)
4．他对营救工作起了很大作用。(make a difference)
5．不要在考试中冒险作弊。(risk)
Unit 4
☆重点单词☆
■精讲
1．compare用于以下三种句型：
(1)compared with／to…与……比较
Compared to／with last years，we have made great progress．
与去年相比，我们取得了很大的进步。
(2)conlpare…to…把……比作
People compare teachers to candles．
人们把老师比作蜡烛。
(3)把……与……相比较
If you compare the climate here with that in you place．you will find ours is milder．如果你将这里的气候与你们那里的相比，你将发现我们这里比较暖和。
相关短语：
compare with相比或值得相比
I don’t think this method can compare with that one．
我认为这个方法比不上那一个。
compare notes(with sb)交换意见或看法
I wanted to find a friend to compare notes but they were all occupied．
我想找个朋友交换一下看法但他们都很忙。
by comparison：when compared相比之下；比较而言
By comparison，the living conditions in big
cities are good．
相比之下，大城市的生活条件要好些。
2．phenomenon(p1．phenomena)n．现象
Wind is a natural phenomenon．
风是一种自然现象。
This social phenomenon results from people?s unawareness of the seriousness of water pollution．
这个社会现象源于人们没有意识到水污染的严重性。
3．quantity n．量，大小；数量
His reputation as a painter depends more on qualitv than quantity．
他的画家的名声靠的是质量而不是数量。
A large quantity of=large quantities of许多(修饰可数和不可数名词)
注意：当修饰不可数名词做主语时，谓语与quantity的单复数一致(同：a large amount of／large amounts of +[U] )
Large quantities of information have been collected．
大量的信息已被收集。
This hotel buys a vast quantity of meat every day．
这家旅馆每天购买大量的肉。
相关短语：
in quantity大量地
It?s cheaper to buy goods in quantity．
大批量购货较便宜。．
4.measurement n．尺寸[C]；衡量[U]
The measurements of the room are 10 bv 15 feet．
【拓展】measure
(1)vt．量……的大小
Did you measure the window before buying the curtains?
在买窗帘前，你有没有量过窗户的大小呢?
(2)vi．尺寸是，面积为
The board measured 9 inches by 24 inches．
(3)n．量具，度量单位，尺寸；措施
take measures采取措施
make sth to one’S own measure量体裁衣
5．state n．状态；状况；情况；情形
His health is in a good state．
他的健康状态比较好。
a confused state of mind缭乱的心绪
【拓展】v.陈述或说明
state one’S views陈述观点
statement n．陈述；说明
The following statement is about ads．
下面的叙述是关于广告的。
6．range
(1)n．脉；排；列
a mountain—range山脉
(2)限度；幅度
The annual range of temperature is from-10℃to 40℃．
年平均气温在零下十度到四十度之间。
(3)成套或成系列的东西，种类
The new model comes in an exciting range colours．
这种新式样有各种鲜艳的颜色。
(4)在……范围内的距离
my range of vision我的视野
take a long—range shot进行远距离拍摄【拓展】
v.使……排成行或队；在……和……之间变化或变动；从……延伸到……
The spectators ranged themselves along the sides of the street．
观众沿街道两旁排成队。
Prices range between 20$and 50$．
售价在二十到五十美元之问。
7．steady adj.稳的；牢固的；稳定的；持续的；不变的
Such work requires a steady hand and a steady eye．
做这样的工作，手要稳，眼要准。
steady wind匀速的风
a steady speed稳定的速度
steady progress持续的进步
a steady boyfriend固定的男朋友
steadily adv．持续地
8．average
(1)n．on(the)average按平均数计算
We fail one student per year on overage
我们每年平均有一个学生不及格。
(2)平均的；一般的，普通的
the average number平均数