高三英语语法专题复习讲义（5）
Part 1高考高频短语（5）
1. China has got a good for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization（09安徽）.
A. reputation
B. influence
C. impression
D. knowledge
2. The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2009.（09福建）
A. delay
B. effort
C. schedule
D. consideration
3. Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for ______ building. （09湖北）
A. respect
B. friendship
C. reputation
D. character
4. In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a ___for everyone to stand up. 09湖北
A. signal
B. chance
C. mark
D. measure
5. The ____shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into __car.（09江西）
A. girl’s; Tom’s
B. girls’; Toms’
C. girls’; Tom’s
D. girl’s; Toms’
6. Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard. （09海南）
A. draw
B. strike
C. rush
D. push
7. -------He says that my new car is a _______ of money.-------Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes?
A. lack
B. load
C. question
D. waste
8. Form their ________ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city. （09陕西）
A. stage
B. position
C. condition
D. situation
9. I’m trying to break the _______ of getting up too late .（09天津）
A. tradition
B. convenience
C. habit
D. Leisure
10．The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ______ to the digital resources of the library.
A. access
B. passage
C. way
D. approach
Part 2 Grammar: 定语从句（1）
Revision
1.The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs ______ they are being trained.
A．in that B．for that C．in which D．for which
2.I walked in our garden, _______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. （05辽宁）A．which B．when C．where D．that
3.I have many friends, ______ some are businessmen. （05全国II）
A．of them B．from which C．who of D．of whom
4.He was educated at a local grammar school, ______ he went on to Cambridge.（05山东）
A. from which
B. after that
C. after which
D. from this
I. Analysis
1.定语：修饰名词和代词的成分,如形容词性物主代词,名词,不定式,介词短语等.
2. 定语从句：在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词即用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。定语从句的作用和作定语的形容词、介词词组、
分词词组相似，有时可以相互转换。一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。定语从句分限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，前者无逗号，而后者有逗号。
2. 先行词：定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。
3.关系词：关系代词:who whom that which whose作：主语，宾语，定语，表语。
关系副词： 1.when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。
2.where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。
3. why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。
关系词的一般用法
1.That middle-aged woman _____is talking to the headmaster is our new teacher.
2.The guest _____we had been waiting for finally arrived.
3.Do you know the boy _____your daughter writes to.
4.I know a young man ______ sister is a nurse in that hospital.
5.The girl ____ life he saves is now a college student.
关系词的选用：1.分析全句找从句和先行词 2.要看先行词是指人还是物，3.再看从句中所缺的成分
关系代词的特殊用法
在下列情况下只能用关系代词that引导定语从句：
(1) 先行词被a11，any，only，little，very, much，every, no等修饰时，用that引导定语从句。
1. All the apples ______ fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs. A. which B. / C. that D. they
2. I’ve read all the books ______ our teacher requires us to read. A. which B. that C. what
D. they
(2) 先行词本身就是指物的不定代词all，any，little，much, few, 等时，用that引导定语从
句。例如：
1. I can tell you ______ he told me last week. A. all which B. all what C. that all
D. all that
2. To get the job started, ______ I need is your permission. A. only what B. all what C. all that
D. only that
(3) 先行词是不定代词everything，nothing，anything等时，用that引导定语从句。例如：
Finally, the thief handed everything ____he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C.
whatever D. that
(4) 先行词前面有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，用that引导定语从句。例如：
1. It is the third time ______ late this month.
A. that you arrived
B. when you arrived
C. that you’ve arrived
D. when you’ve arrived
2. The last river ______ they crossed is two miles wide. A. where B. which C. that
D. in which
(5) 先行词是way (方式，方法)，time，place等时，可用that引导定语从句。
What especially impressed us was the way ______ our teacher studied foreign language.
A. /
B. which
C. by which
D. what
(6) 在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中，如果who或which本身就是先行词，则要用
that引导定语从句。
Who is the man _____was standing at the door ? A. who B. which C. that D. as (7)先行词有两个，其中一个是人，另一个是物时，用that引导定语从句。例如：
He told me of the people and interesting things ______ he had seen in America.
A. which
B. whom
C. what
D. /
2.不宜用that ,用which的情况：
1. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office. A.which B that
C this D.it
2. The day ______ he was born was Aug .20 ,1952. A. on which B that C which D this
关系代词前有介词时，即介词后2)非限制性定语从句中，即逗号后
3. 当先行词是one, ones, anybody, anyone, all, none, those 等, 指人时一般用who，不用that.
Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.
4. As/which引导的定语从句
1）．the same/as/such/so…as(定语从句): 先行词前有“the same/修饰时，定语从句用“as”引导
★比较：such /so…+名词＋as ( 定语从句, as起替代作用，从句结构不完整“象／如…的…”)
such /so…+名词＋that (状语从句，从句结构完整“如此…以致于…”)
Please lend me the same tool___ was used the other day.
Mr. Wang is so good a teacher _____ all the students love and respect
Mr. Wang is such a good teacher _______all the students love and respect him
2）．As/which引导非限制性定语从句，指代逗号前后的整个句子，可置于句首、句中或句末。常出现在一些固定表达中。如：as we/all/you know, as is known to all, as we
expected/planned, , as is mentioned/said above, as is reported/said, as is natural, as is often the case.有时可看作插入语。
★as…: 位置灵活，可前可后；且含有“正如/正像…”的含义。which…: 只能放于主句之后；含有“这…,这一点…”的含义
1) Tom, __had been expected , got beaten in the game 2) They call him “Meat Ball”, ____I think is not correct.
介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
1. The park is a place to _______I often go. 2．The park is a place _____________I often go to.
3. My mother is the person from _____I got a lot of help.
4.My mother is the person __I got a lot of help from.
介词未提前时：关系代词作介词的宾语，指人可以用that/who/whom, 指物可以用that/which。
●介词提前时：关系代词作介词的宾语不能省略, 指人只能用whom，指物只能用which。True or false
1. The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy.
2.The babies (whom / who / that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy.
●像listen to, look at, depend on, take care of, look after, look for, come across, hand in 等固
定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.
1.The teacher______ ______ I learnt most was Mrs Zhu.
2. The fellow ______ _____ I spoke made no answer.
3. The West Lake,_______ ______Hangzhou is famous ,is a beautiful place.
4.The policeman______ _____ the thief was caught is an old man.
5. I was surprised at the way______ ______ he treated the old man
●当先行词是way的时候,我们可以使用that 或in which引导定语从句.在这种情况下that
或in which也可以省略.
关系副词引导的定语从句
1.After living in Paris for fifty year as he returned to the small town____he grew up as a child.
A.which
B. where
C. that
D. when
2. The film brought the hours back to me_____ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
A.until
B. that
C. when
D. where
3. The reason______they quarreled is quite clear. A. that B why C. when D. in which
●关系副词在定语从句中所作的成份：关系副词在定语从句中都作状语。when 作时
间状语；where 作地点状语；why 作原因状语。
Is this the day _____________I visited the museum?
Please put the letter on the desk _________________he can easily find it.
This is the reason ______________he didn’t come to the meeti ng.
●关系副词when, where和why也可用“介词+which”来代替，要注意其先行词（名词）与
介词的合理搭配，介词根据先行词或定语从句的谓语动词来确定。when = at/in/on/during…+which
where = in/at/on…+which why = for + which
1. I still remember the days we visited the country-side.
2. I still remember the days we spent together.
3. I return to the village I was brought up.
4. I return to the village we paid a visit to last week.
5. I don’t know the reason he was late.
6. I don’t know the reason he explained to the teacher.
●并非先行词是表示时间、地点和原因的词时都用when, where, why，若先行词在定语从
句中不作状语，而是作主语或宾语，就必须用which或that。
II Practice
1. A good friend of mine from I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing. （09安徽）
A. how
B. whom
C. when
D. which
2. Many children，parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village. （09安徽）
A. their
B. whose
C. of them
D. with whom
3. —What do you think of teacher ,Bob？（09北京）
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job ___ you are doing something serious but interesting .
A. where
B. which
C. when
D. that
4. It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently. （09福建）
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. where
5．I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. （09湖南）
A. which
B. of which
C. that
D. whose
6. The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. （09江西）
A. in it
B. in
C. in that
D. in which
7. She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before. （09海南）
A. them
B. who
C. whom
D. these
8. Whenever I met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. （09山东）
A. who
B. which
C. when
D. that
9. Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time. （09陕西）
A. of which
B. with which
C. about which
D. into which
10. She’ll never forget her stay there _____she found her son who had gone missing two years before. （09四川）
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. when
11. A person ______ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. （09天津）
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. whoever
12 I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, _____ do many businessmen who
live in downtown Tianjin. （09天津）
A. as
B. which
C. when
D. though
13．I have reached a point in my life ______ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. （09浙江）
A. which
B. where
C. how
D. why
14. Life is like a long race _____we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. （09重庆）
A. why
B. what
C. that
D. where
15. My friend showed me round the town, was very kind of him. （09全国2 ）
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. it
16.By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _____ can be very eye-opening and rewarding. （2007年湖南卷）
A. who
B. which
C. what
D. that
17.Some pre-school children go to a day care center, ____ they learn simple games and songs. 2007年全国一
A. then
B. there
C. while
D. where
18.It is reported that two schools，_____ are being built in my hometown，will open next year. 2007年四川卷
A．they both B．which both C．both of them D．both of which 19.Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity __sight matters more than hearing. 07年天津卷
A. when
B. whose
C. which
D. where
20.Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. 2007年浙江卷
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. where
Part 3 综合能力训练
Recently，I flew to Las Vegas to attend a meeting. As we were about to arrive，the pilot announced with apology that there would be a slight 2l B efore setting down. High desert winds had 22 the airport to close all but one runway. He said that we would be 23
the city for a few minutes waiting to 24 . We were also told to remain in our seats meanwhile with our seat belts fastened 25 there might be a few bumps(颠簸)．We11，that few minutes turned into about four—five minutes，including a ride that would make a roller coaster(过山车) 26 by comparison.The movement was so fierce that several passengers felt
27 and had to use airsickness bags. As you might guess，that’s not good thing to have happen in a(n) 28 space because it only 29 to increase the discomfort of the situation.
About twenty minutes into the adventure，the entire airplane became very 30 .
w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m
There was now a sense of anxiety and fear that could be 31 noticed．Every passenger simply held on for dear lif e …except one. A32 was having a good time! With each bump of the33!he would let out a giggle(咯咯的笑)of delight As I observed this，I 34 that he didn’t know he was supposed to be afraid and worried about his 35 He neither thought about the past nor about the future Those are what we grown—ups have learned from 36 .He was 37 the ride because had not yet been taught to fear it. Having understood this，I took a deep breath and 38 back into my seat，pretending I was 39 on a roller coaster. I smiled for the rest of the flight. I even 40 to giggle once or twice ,much to the chagrin(随恼)of the man sitting next to me holding the airsickness bag.
21. A. mistake B . delay C . change D. wind
22. A. forced B . warned C . swept D. reminded
23. A. watching B . visiting C. circling D. crossing
24. A. arrive B . enter C . stop D . land
25. A. if B . though C . because D. while
26. A. light B . pale C . easy D . quick
27. A. sick B . nervous C . angry D. afraid
28. A. empty B . narrow C . secret D. open
29. A. happens B . continues C. fails D . serves
30. A. quiet B . hot C . dirty D. crowded
31. A. partly B . gradually C . shortly D . clearly
32. A. pilot B . baby C . guard D . man
33. A. seats B . passengers C . flight D . airplane
34. A. realized B . hoped C . agreed D. insisted
35. A. health B . safety C . joy D . future
36. A. teachers B . books C . experience D. practice
37. A. learning B . taking C . missing D . enjoying
38. A. sat B . lay C . went D . rode
39. A. nearly B . finally C . really D . suddenly
40. A. attempted B. managed C . wanted D . decided
参考答案
Part 1 Phrase:
1.【答案】A
2. 【答案】A名词词义辨析。delay：耽搁，延误；effort：努力；schedule：时间表；consideration：考虑，体谅；关心。题干意思是：当H1N1型2009年4月袭击墨西哥时，世界卫生组织毫不犹豫地向人们提出了警告。选A。
3. 【答案】D.根据常识便可知运动既可增强体质也可强健个性，不会增强尊敬或名声，友谊可以增强，但与前面health不搭配，故答案为character。
4. 【答案】A.根据句意可知打铃及老师合上书本，这是下课的暗示，选项中只能选择signal。chance“机会”，mark“分数，痕迹”，measure“方法，措施”。
5. 【答案】C名词所有格形式。根据题干后半部分的them可知对应复数girls。此题较易
6. 【答案】D。【解析】句意为：鼓励你的孩子去尝试新事物,但不要把它们太难了。push 推，挤，逼迫；strike v. 打,罢工,划燃rush v. 冲进,匆促行事,催draw v. 拉,拖,挨近,提取,画,绘制。根据句意，应选D。
7.【答案】D考查单词的区别：lack缺乏；load负担；question疑问；waste 浪费；根据句意，尤其是下句的sour grapes(酸葡萄)可知答案选D。
8. 【答案】B名词词义辨析；stage：舞台，时期，阶段；position：位置；condition：条件，情况；situation：形式，情况；情景；根据空前的物主代词their可以推断出此处选B。题干意思是：从他们在电视塔顶部的位置，游客们可以更好地看到这个城市的景色。
9. 【答案】C10．【答案】A
Part 2
BADDD
Grammar
1.【答案】C 2【答案】B 3. 【答案】B 4. 【答案】D考查定语从句。先行词是situation，指物，亦可指地点，关系词在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where，选D。
5．【答案】D考查定语从句。先行词在定语从句中充当定语，意思为这个城市的名字。6. 【答案】B考查定语从句。The house ( which / that I grew up in ) , 主语后面紧跟的是定语从句。
7. 【答案】C。考查定语从句中的非限制性定语从句。句意为：她带着她的三个朋友，他们三个中没有一个人我曾见过。表示“部分的词语+of+关系代词”在非限制性定语从句指人只能用whom。
8. 【答案】B非限制性定语从句，指代前面一个句子，故用which.
9. 【答案】C考查定语从句，先行词是Gun control，指物，关系词在从句中做介词的宾语，介词前置，介词与从句动词构成搭配argue about sth，选C。
10. 【答案】D 考查定语从句的用法。her stay为先行词，可以理解为抽象的一段时间（她呆在那里期间），when指代her stay在定语从句中做时间状语。
11.【答案】C 12 【答案】A13．【答案】B 14.【答案】D
15. 【答案】A 考查非限制性定语从句(这儿的which指代前面整句话内容。
16-20 BDDDB
Part3
语篇解读：本文记述了作者一次因开会去拉斯维加斯时，飞机因沙尘暴而延时降落，在不断延长的等待中，成人焦急、害怕，唯独不知恐惧的婴儿在享受着过山车一样的颠簸。作者也深受启发，体验了一次孩子的享受。
21. 答案：B解析：根据“High desert winds…to close all but one runway”可知因沙尘暴关闭所有的跑道，只留一条，故应为延时降落。
22. 答案：A解析：因为沙尘暴迫使机场关闭跑道。B为“警告”；C意为“打扫，席卷”；D 意为“提醒”，均不符合题意
23. 答案：C解析：飞机在等待降落的过程中应该是绕城市盘旋。故应选C。A. watch用于着动态的场面；B. visit意为“参观，拜访”； D. cross意为“横穿”
24. 答案：D解析：根据上下文句意可知，飞机要绕城市盘旋几分钟以便等待着陆
25. 答案：C解析：句意为；“我们被告知仍在座位上坐好，系好安全带，因为飞机可能有颠簸。”此处应为because引导的原因状语从句
26. 答案：B解析：make…pale by comparison “使……相形见绌”，此处用以强调飞机在空中极不稳定
27. 答案：A解析：句意为：“象过山车一样的巨烈运动使旅客恶心而不得不用呕吐袋。A. sick 意为“恶心的”；B. nervous意为“紧张的”； C. angry 意为“生气的”；D. afraid意为“害怕的”。28．答案B解析：此空前的that指的是using airsickness bags，也就是发生在飞机上狭小空间中的呕吐，因此选用narrow“狭窄的”，后面的space指的是飞机内部空间。empty 意为“空的”，secret意为“秘密的”，均不合题意。
29．答案A解析：在这种情形下本来就很难受，在飞机上呕吐使得这种难受更加强烈，此处serve意为“起……作用，用作……”。30. 答案：A解析：根据后面的a sense of anxiety and fear 可知，人们都很紧张、焦虑，在这种情形下飞机上的人一定是静悄悄的。
31. 答案：D解析：飞机上的焦躁不安，应该是能够很明显的被感觉到，故选clearly
32. 答案：B解析：从后文中的“he didn’t know he was supposed to be afraid and worried…Those are what we grown—ups have learned …”他不知道害怕和着急……，那是我们成年人……，可推测出应该是孩子
33. 答案：D解析：应是飞机的每一次颠簸让孩子体验坐过山车一样的感受，孩子发出咯咯的笑声
34. 答案：A解析：句意为我意识到孩子不知道他应该害怕和担心
35. 答案：B解析：应是为他的安全担心
36. 答案：C解析：成人都是从孩子时代过来的。是成人的亲身经历让他们知道孩子不知道什么是害怕和担心
37. 答案：D解析：因为孩子不知道害怕，自然是在飞机的颠簸中享受坐过山车般的快乐
38. 答案：A解析：sat back into my seat意为坐回到座位上
39. 答案：C解析：句意应为：“我坐回到我的座位上，假装真地坐上了过山车。”A项意为“几乎”；B项意为“最后”，D项意为“突然”，均不合题意。
40．答案Bw_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m解析：我甚至咯咯地笑了一两次。作者应该是真的笑出了声，才让邻座的手拿呕吐袋的人懊恼。做成了某事用managed to do. w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_o m
语法：是一门研究英语语言构成规律的学科。 词 法 ———— 语法 ————句法 简单句：在句子中只包含一套主谓结构。 并列句：通常由一个连词连接的并列的句子。 复合句：〖大句套小句〗 一气：虚拟语气 二词：非谓语动词、情态动词 三句：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句 语法 非谓语动词 一、 在句中不能作谓语的动词叫做非谓语动词 二、 啥样呢？ 1. 不定式：To do 2. 动名词：Doing 3. 分词：Done Eg1. The ocean and seas surrounding the islands are deep blue. 围绕着群岛的海洋是深蓝色的 Eg2. My mother ordered the homework to be done. ☆☆非谓语动词的宾补，其逻辑主语为前面宾语 ▲ 方法一：口诀法 非谓语，三要点。 句法 目 的 结 构 形容词 名词 数词 代词 动词 介词 副词 感叹词 冠词 连词 陈述句 疑问句 祈使句 感叹句 简单句 复合句 并列句 时态、语态 非谓语动词 情态动词 词法 名词性从句 状语从句 定语从句
变否定，NOT 前。 哼哈将，时逻关。 七仙女，记心间。 （一） 变否定 （二） 哼哈将 1.动词不定式 主动关系 被动关系 一般式 To do To be done 完成式 To have done To have been done 进行式 To be doing (To be being done) 完成进行式 To have being doing (To have been being done) ▲ 一般式：不定式的动作和谓语动词动作同时发生或在谓语动词之后的动作发生。 A A ：谓语动词 B ：不定式 ▲ 完成式：不定时动作在谓语动词动作之前发生。 A A ：谓语动词 B ：不定式 Eg3. Jay Chou taught us to sing 黄河大合唱 last night. ▲ 进行式：不定时的动作和谓语动词动作同时正在进行 A A ：谓语动词 B ：不定式 Eg4. When his mother entered, the boy pretended to be sleeping. ▲ 完成进行式：不定时的动作在谓语动词动作之前发生，一直持续到谓语动词动作，到谓 语动词动作为止。不定时的动作有可能刚刚结束，还有可能继续延续下去。 A A ：谓语动词 B ：不定式 Eg5. Mr. Zhong is said to have been working as a teacher for 10 years. 时间关系 逻辑关系 B B B B B B B B
高三英语专项训练----语法填空 （1）(Topic: ) Once there lived a rich man who wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out 16 _______ they deserved his help. In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed 17 ___ very large stone. Then he 18____ (hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.“Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, 19____ he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way.20 ______ man came along and did the same thing; then another came，and another. All of them complained about the stone but did not tried to remove 21______. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 22 _______ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. Some neighbors will come along later 23 _____ the dark and will fall against the stone.” Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 24 ________ (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 25 ________ the stone，he found a bag of money. （2）(Topic: ) The best gift I ever received is the parents that were given to me. I could not have picked out 16 _______ (good) parents myself. My mom is smart，funny，and very artistic. She loves painting and encouraging other people to paint as well. She owns 17______ own book and art store. And at night she teaches adult 18 ________ (educate). She helps kids 19 _________ have dropped out of high school 20 _________ (get) their diploma. She always has time for me and my brothers. She hardly ever gets mad 21 ______ us and loves doing new things with us，22 _____ going to a new museum or going out onto the beach in the middle of the winter and taking pictures at the beach in the snow. My dad knows 23 _____ to fix anything and loves to play musical instruments. He helps me with my science projects and other school projects. He works hard to make money for our family and hardly ever complains. He loves skating with me and 24______ (build) us a half pipe and other cool things. So I have to say that 25 _______ gift I’m most grateful for is the one the God gave me—my parents. （3）(Topic: ) Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by such questions，“Have you got any skills in reading comprehension?” Actually，many of the teachers can’t give students 16 ___ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway，17 _____ often simply say，“Read more and practise more，and you 18 ______ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.” Frankly, these teachers’ good 19_________ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students’ interest in reading 20 ____ not helpful to deal wit h the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally，I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 21 ______ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles，the science of reading 22 ______understanding may have a close relationship with writing.
高考英语语法题复习指导 目录 高考英语语法题复习指导 (3) 关于我 (3) 高考语法考题中最核心的6个语法考点 (3) 高考语法考题中的其他考点 (3) 第一节动词的时态语态 (3) “9+3”时态总结 (3) 9种核心时态的被动语态 (4) 被动语态举例 (5) 动词的时态语态解题步骤 (6) 现在完成时中常见时间副词 (6) 两个重要的完成时“信号” (6) 三组高考易混时态的对比 (6) 主动形式表示被动 (7) 不能用完成时的常见点动词： (8) 高考真题讲解（动词的时态语态） (8) 第二节非谓语动词 (21) 非谓语动词(不是谓语的动词)分类： (21) 中文与英语在句子上最大的差别： (21) 非谓语动词解题步骤： (21) 高考真题讲解（非谓语动词） (24) 第三节情态动词和虚拟语气 (34) 情态动词的四种情况总结 (34) 虚拟语气 (36) 三大从句高考考点串讲 (42) 句子的分类 (42) 第四节定语从句 (42) 定语从句解题步骤 (42) 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 (44) 高考真题讲解（定语从句） (44) 第五节名词性从句 (49) 主语从句 (49) 宾语从句 (49) 同位语从句 (50)
高考真题讲解（名词性从句） (50) 第六节状语从句 (54) 表示时间的状语从句 (55) 表示地点的状语从句 (56) 表示原因的状语从句 (56) 表示条件的状语从句 (57) 表示目的、结果的状语从句 (58) 表示让步的状语从句 (58) 高考真题讲解（状语从句） (58) 第六节高考语法考题中的其他考点 (64) 形容词副词，比较级/最高级 (64) 介词 (66) 代词用法 (67) 冠词 (69) 词义辨析 (71) 特殊句型 (72) 交际用语 (74)
2019-2020年高考英语语法专题复习讲义必备句型全归纳 1.as soon as…一…就…= directly / immediately / instantly… = the second / the minute / the moment / the instant… Eg. He came around to see me as soon as / the moment/ immediately he checked in the hotel. 他刚一入住宾馆就来看我. They informed us the news immediately / directly they got it. 他们一得到消息就通知了我们. The policeman came to the spot the moment / the instant / the minute she heard of the accident.一听说事故,这位警察就到了现场. 2.….before…. (1). 没来得及…就… The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby. 他还没有来得及冲进房间把孩子就出来,房顶就塌了. He ran off before I could stop him. To my great disappointment , my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with him. (2).过了多久才怎么样,动作进行到什么程度才怎样 They walked about thirty miles to the west before they saw a village. They worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal. Three years passed before I knew it. 3.It was + 时间段+ before….过了多久才…. ; It was not long before…不久就… It will ( not ) be + 时间段+ before …要过多久( 不久)…..才….. Eg. It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position. It was three years before he came back. It will be half a year before you graduate from this school. 4. no sooner …than…= hardly…when…一…就…., 刚刚…就… No sooner / hardly + 过去完成时,than / when + 一般过去时 如果no sooner, hardly 位于句首, 主句要倒装. He had hardly sat down to have a rest when the door bell rang and in came Allan. No sooner had he got off the train than his daughter ran towards him. Hardly had we arrived when she started crying to go home. 5. once 一旦…., 表示时间和条件 Once you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty. Once you have decided to do something, you should do it well. Once you enter the chemistry lab, you should follow the teacher’s instructions. 6. since …自从….以来 Since 引导的从句不论是延续性或非延续性动词, 都表示的是动作或状态的完成或结束. 注意一下句子翻译: Since he lived in Nanjing, I have not heard from him. (= since he left Nanjing…)
2021届高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义（9） 被动语态知识点整理总结 被动语态是中高考经常考的语法之一，也是日常口语和写作中必不可少的句子形式，今天笔者就带大家一起来学习它。 01 被动语态的概念 所谓被动语态是相当于主动语态而言的。如果主语是动作的执行者，那么我们就称其为主动语态，反之，如果主语是动作的承受者或动作的对象，那我们就称其为被动语态。如： 主: Many people speak Chinese. 被: Chinese is spoken by many people. 02 被动语态的结构 被动语态由"be＋及物动词的过去分词"构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来。下面通过speak来说明常见时态的被动语态：一般现在时 am/is/are＋spoken 一般过去时 was/were＋spoken
一般将来时 will/shall be＋spoken 现在进行时 am/is/are being＋spoken 过去进行时 was/were being＋spoken 现在完成时 have/has been＋spoken 过去完成时 had been + spoken 03 被动语态的执行者 被动语态的执行者一般以by+人/物来引出。如果没有执行者或没必要说出执行者，则可以省略这部分。如： Some computers were stolen last night. 无法确定执行者，因此无by结构。 The glass was broken by Mike.
执行者是Mike，所以这里用by引出。 04 含有情态动词的被动语态 用“情态动词＋be＋过去分词”结构。 如： We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days. 05 特殊情况主动变被动 make/let+sb+do变为被动要还原to。如： He made the boy work for two hours a day. The boy was made to work for two hours a day. 双宾语结构的物做被动语态主语时，后面要还原出介词。如：Jack gave Peter a present just now. A present was given to Peter just now. 巩固练习 1. The flowers were so lovely that they ______ in no time. A. sold B. had been sold
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the earth, the moon, the sun. 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如： He is always the first to come to school. Bob is the tallest in his class. 6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如： on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。 8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如： the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas 9、用在报刊、杂志前。如： the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。 10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如： The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。 11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如： the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。 12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如： The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car). 三、零冠词（即不用冠词）： 1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如： China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。 2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： Go down this street. 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： We are students.
高中英语语法讲义——名词 名词的数 单数名词变复数名词的常用法则 （1）一般情况直接加-s, 如：books, trees. （2）以-s, -x, -ch, -sh结尾的加-es, 如：glasses, boxes, watches, brushes. （3）以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词把-y改为-i再加-es. 如：stories, countries. （4）以-o结尾的常在词尾加-s，但中学英语中下列名词要加-es, 它们是：黑人英雄 ．．中吃土豆 ．．、西． ．．．．在回声 红柿 ．．，即Negroes, heroes, echoes, potatoes, tomatoes. 下列以-o结尾的名词既可加-es, 也可加-s,它们是：zeros (zeroes)零, mosquitos (mosquitoes)蚊子, volcanos (volcanoes) 火山。 （5）以-f或-fe结尾的名词变为复数时一般直接加-s，但下列名词需把f或fe去掉，加-ves，它们是：为 了自己 ．．和一片树叶 ．．上，把狼．劈成了两半．，即：selves, lives, ．．．．站在架子 ．．手里拿着刀子 ．．和他的妻子 ．．活命．，小偷 thieves, wives, knives, loaves, leaves, shelves, wolves, halves. 但下列以-f结尾的名词既可变f为v后加-es，也可直接在f后加-s，它们是：handkerchiefs (handkerchieves)手帕，scarfs (scarves)围巾。 （6）合成名词变复数时，通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数，如果没有主体名词，则将最后一部分变为复数。如sons-in-law女婿；passers-by过路人；storytellers讲故事的人；housewives家庭主妇。（7）“man/ woman+ n.”变复数时，作定语的man/ woman和中心词都要变复数。 men teachers男老师women engineers女工程师 （8）不规则复数形式 ①变内部元音 foot-feet man-men woman-women tooth-teeth mouse-mice goose-geese gentleman-gentlemen ②单复数同形的名词 sheep deer spacecraft太空船 aircraft飞行器Chinese Japanese
高考英语语法复习讲义——动词 动词 1) 表示动作中状态的词叫做动词。 2) 根据其在句中的功能，动词可分为四类，分别是：实义动词(Notional Verb)、系动词(Link Verb)、助动词(Auxiliary Verb)、情态动词(Modal Verb)。 说明： 有些情况下，有些动词是兼类词， 例如：We are having a meeting.我们正在开会。(having是实义动词。) He has gone to New York.他已去纽约。(has是助动词。) 3) 动词根据其后是否带有宾语，可分为两类，分别是：及物动词(Transitive Verb)、不及物动词(Intransitive Verb)，缩写形式分别为vt. 和vi.。 说明： 同一动词有时可用作及物动词，有时可用作不及物动词。 例如：She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。(sing在此用作不及物动词。) She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。(sing用作及物动词。) 4) 根据是否受主语的人称和数的限制，可分两类，分别是：限定动词(Finite Verb)、非限定动词(Non-finite Verb) 例如：She sings very well. 她唱得很好。(sing受主语she的限制，故用第三人称单数形式sings。) She wants to learn English well. 她想学好英语。(to learn不受主语she的限制，没有词形变化，是非限定动词。 说明： 英语中共有三种非限定动词，分别是：动词不定式(Infinitive)、动名词(Gerund)、分词(Participle)。 5)根据动词的组成形式，可分为三类，分别是：单字词(One-Word Verb)、短语动词(Phrasal Verb)、动词短语(Verbal Phrase) 例如：The English language contains many phrasal verbs and verbal phrases. 英语里有许多短语动词和动词短语。(contains是单字动词。)
学员编号：年级：高三课时数： 学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师： 授课类型时态和语态 授课日期及时段 教学内容 上海高考考点分析——时态语态 考情分析 五年考情分析—时态语态 时间2009年2010年2011年2012年2013年占分2分2分2分2分2分题号第27、29题第26、30题第31、34题第26、30题第27、29题 考点过去完成时、 过去进行时的 被动语态 一般现在时、 现在进行时的 被动语态 过去将来时、一 般过去时的被 动语态 将来完成时、一 般现在时的被 动语态 过去完成时、 现在完成时的 被动语态 考点解读1、思维导图 动词时态语态 现在 过去 将来 一般现在时：do/does (is/am/are+表语) 现在进行时：am/is/are doing 现在完成时：have/has done 一般过去时：did(was/were+表语) 过去进行时：was/were+doing 过去完成时：had done 一般将来时：will do或 am/is/are+going to do 过去将来时：would do (was/ were going to do) 将来进行时：will be doing 被动语态 被动语态 被动语态 am/is/are done am/is/are being done have/has been done was/were done 被动语态 被动语态 was/were being done 被动语态 had been done 被动语态 被动语态 will/ shall be done would/ should be done 不在高考考查范围内 现在完成进行时:have/ has been doing 被动语态 / 不要忘了情态动词的被动语 态：情态动词+be+done
语法总结全集 名词和主谓一致 一、名词的分类 英语中名词主要可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。 1．可数名词 可数名词一般都有单复数。单数时，名词前可加不定冠词a/an；复数时，前面可加数词，名词本身要改成复数形式。 可数名词的复数有规则和不规则两种变化。规则的名词，只要在单数名词之后加“s”，“es”或去“y”加“ies”就行，如：an umbrella, twelve umbrellas；a factory, three factories。不规则的名词变化则要靠积累记忆，如：a mouse, ten mice；a policeman, six policemen。 有少数可数名词，如sheep，works（工厂），Chinese等，它们的单复数同形：a sheep, four sheep；a chemical works, five chemical works。 此外，还有一些可数名词只有复数形式，如clothes，trousers，cattle，police，people(人，人民)等。 英语名词中还有一些合成词，它们的复数形式有三种可能：1）后面的部分变成复数形式：grown-ups，boy students，grandchildren。2）前面的部分变成复数形式：passers-by，lookers-on，sons-in-law。3）前、后都变成复数形式：men doctors，women drivers。 2．不可数名词 不可数名词没有单复数的变化，前面也不能加a/an，或数词。但是我们可以用量词来表示不可数名词的数量，单复数表现在量词上，如：a piece of paper；two pieces of paper。 在有些情况下，不可数名词也可用a/an，表“一种”、“某种”的意思，如have a wonderful time，receive a good education，be made into a fine paper。 有时为了表示量大，不可数名词的后面也可加“s”，如sands，ashes，waters等。 但是我们在学习不可数名词的时候，特别要记住英语中有一些名词，它们无论在什么情况下，前面都不能用a/an，后面也不可加“s”，如weather，information，等。 3．有的名词既可是可数名词，也可是不可数名词 英语中有相当一部分的名词，既可以是可数，也可以是不可数，它们的意义有时略有不同，有时则完全不同。如：difficulty, success, time, work，paper，glass，等。 4．用于表示可数与不可数名词的数量“多”“少”的常用词和词组 跟可数名词连用的如：few, a few, many。 跟不可数名词连用的如：little, a little, much。 可数与不可数都能用的是：a lot of , plenty of。 二、主谓一致 1．通常被看作单数的主语部分 1）不定式、动名词和主语从句。 eg.. To see is to believe. Seeing is believing. What he said was different from what he did. 2）表示“时间”“距离”“金钱数量”的名词。 eg. Twenty years is quite a long time. 10 kilometers doesn’t seem to be a long distance to Mira. 300 dollars is too much for this old coin.
高中英语语法复习讲义——独立主格 独立主格 (一) 独立主格结构的构成： 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词; 名词(代词)+形容词; 名词(代词)+副词; 名词(代词)+不定式; 名词(代词) +介词短语构成。 (二) 独立主格结构的特点： 1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。 2)名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。 3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。 举例： The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday. 考试结束了，我们开始放假。 The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. = After the presiden t was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow. 总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。 Weather pe rmitt ing, we are going to visit you tomorrow. 如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。 This done, we went home. 工作完成后，我们才回家。 The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier. 会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。 He came into the room, his ears red with cold. 他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。 He came out of the library, a large book under his arm. 他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆
高三语法专题总结 序号课题课时教学要求 冠词 3 1.熟知冠词的基本用法、习语和固定搭配 2.掌握冠词的一些灵活用法和特殊用法 1.冠词的基本用法 1 冠词的泛指、特指、类指、专指 2.冠词的习惯用法 1 1.定冠词的习惯用法 2.不定冠词的习惯用法 3.零冠词的习惯用法 3.冠词的活用 1 1.被具体化的抽象名词前的冠词用法 2.被普通化的专有名词前的冠词用法 3.形容词比较级、最高级和序数词前的冠词活用 高考重点冠词的基本用法及冠词的习惯用法 高考难点冠词的活用 专题二代词 3 熟练掌握不定代词、反身代词、指示代词、人称代词 以及it的灵活运用 1、不定代词 1 1、both,all,either,any,neither,none的用法 2、one，ones, the one,that,those的用法 3、one，another, the other, some ,others, the others的用法 4、复合不定代词及其他不定代词 2、反身代词 1 1、反身代词的基本用法 2、与反身代词构成的介词短语 3、与反身代词构成的动词短语 3、指示代词、人称代词和it的用法1 1、指示代词、人称代词的基本用法 2、It的用法 高考难点语境的真实性和复杂性、语义较丰语法复杂的不定代词的考查 专题三形容词和副词 2 了解形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法及常用句 型 1、形容词、副词的基 1 1、形容词、副词比较等级的基本用法
本用法2、对形容词、副词顺序的考查 2、形容词、副词的辨 析 1 在语境中学会形容词副词的用法 高考难点对于形容词副词比较等级的考查倾向于“淡化语法，注重深层语义的特点” 专题四语义辨析（名词、介词 及介词短语）3 1、在真实语境中能恰当的使用意义相近的介词，掌 握表示时间及空间的介词的用法 2、在语境中能恰当的使用介词的一些习惯用法和 介词与名词的固定搭配 1、名词辨析 1 1、名词的数和名词所有格的用法 2、名词的句法功能，尤其是名词作定语的用法 2、介词辨析 1 1、表示方位的介词 2、表示时间的介词 3、表示工具、手段、方式的介词 4、表原因、目的的介词 5、易混介词辨析 3.介词短语解析 1 1、与名词构成的介词短语 2、与某些形容词固定搭配的介词 高考难点介词短语的辨析，题干结构复杂 专题五动词和动词词组 2 1、掌握动词的及物和不及物性 2、掌握被动形式中英汉表达的不同 3、掌握感官动词作系动词：feel/look/sound 1、动词辨析 1 考纲中出现的动词及动词辨析 2、动词词组辨析 1 考纲中动词词组及辨析 高考难点同义词及词组辨析 专题六动词的时态及语态 2 1.建立“时”和“体”的概念 2.掌握一般将来时的各种形式及区别 3.掌握易混时态的用法：一般过去时和现在完成时 的区别 4.掌握各种时态的被动语态形式
2021届高中英语新高考语法基础版一轮复习讲义（8） 独立主格知识点整理总结 独立主格结构是高中语法的难点之一，我之前在语法总结篇提到过，今天我就带大家来见识一下它的庐山真面目。 01 独立主格的概念 独立主格，从名称上看，它首先有个主语（所谓主格），其次它与主句的主语相比，是独立的，也即和主句的主语不同。我们来感受一下这个句子： Weather permitting, we will hold the sports meetings. （A） 天气允许的话，我们就会举办运动会。 这个句子是一个条件状语从句，还原成从句形式为： If the weather permits, we will hold the sports meetings. （B）天气允许的话，我们就会举办运动会。 A句中的we a th e r p e rm i t ti n g是一种独立主格结构，B句是它的还原形式。 weather是从句的主语，由于它不是真正意义上的主语，故而叫做逻辑主语。 因为它和主句主语不一样，故而叫独立主格。
02 独立主格的七种形式 除了常见的现在分词、过去分词能充当独立主格结构以外，还有其他一些短语结构可以用作独立主格，主要包括以下形式： 名词/代词+doing Weather permitting, we will hold the sports meeting. 名词/代词+done All things considered, he finally chose to give up the competition. 名词/代词+to do Here are the first two books, the third one to be sent next Monday. 名词/代词+介词短语 Baby in arms, she stood there looking after the cows. 名词/代词+形容词短语 His face, pale with anger, he stood up and left. 名词/代词+副词短语
---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 高考英语语法总复习(共15个专题附练习及答案) 语法复习专题一——名词.①抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。 如：一、考点聚焦抽象名词（不可数）具体化（个体名词，可数名词）1.可数名词单、复数变化形式in surprise 惊讶地a surprise 一件令人惊讶的事（1）规则变化。 win success 获得成功a success 一个(件)成功的人(事)①单数名词词尾直接加-s。 如：boy — boys, pen — pens。 win honor 赢得荣誉an honor 一个(件)引以为荣的(事)①以 s、x 、ch 、sh 结尾的单词一般加-es。 如：glass —glasses,box—boxes,Failure(失败)is the mother of successa failure 失败者watch —watches, brush —brushes。 失败是成功之母。 特例：stomach — stomaches。 by experience 靠经验an experience 一次经历①以”辅音字母+ y”结尾的变“y”为“i”再加“-es”。 如：youth 青春a youth 一个青年人baby — babies, lady —ladies, fly — flies。 have pity on sb.怜悯某人a pity 可惜的事情①以“o”结尾的多数加-es。 1/ 146