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正确答案：B解析：B项对应第一段第2句。
在第一段中，只是列举而没有对比amphorae和pottery，排除A；on a fast wheel and fired in a kiln capable of ensuring a consistent finish提到了快速转轮和烧窑的使用，a consisten finish说明到最后都保证质量，而不是陶器质量下降了，排除C；the large jars used throughout Mediterranean提到了amphore在地中海大量使用，但是practical tableware在地中海的使用范围不明确，排除D。
Q2正确答案：C解析：定位到第一段第4句，“提到Most Roman pottery is light and smooth to the touch and very tough, although, like all pottery, it shatters if dropped on a hard surface”，可看出Roman pottery并不比其它古代陶艺品更禁摔，C项和原文的描写冲突。
根据light and smooth，排除B；根据第1句话，排除A；根据倒数第2句中的occasional minor blemishes(flaws)，排除C。
Q3正确答案：D解析：在第二段中，A项对应段中“hold liquids well”; B项对应“regular and standardized shapes would have made them simple to stack and store”；C项对应“with their hard and sometimes glassy (smooth and shiny) surfaces”；D项与原文“need to be convinced of its true age”不符，因此NOT true。
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO29口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO29口语Task4阅读文本： Scatter Hoarding Many animals live in environments where food is plentiful during certain times of the year and scarce during other times of the year. In such environments, some animals collect and prepare food when it is plentiful, then hoard it – store it – for future use. Some types of hoarders engage in scatter hoarding. Unlike other types of hoarders, scatter hoarders do not store the food all in once place; instead, they scatter it – divide it up and hide it in many different places. Later, at a time when food is scarce, the hoarders return to these hiding places and recover the food. 托福TPO29口语Task4听力文本： Now listen to part of a lecture on this topic in a biology class. (male professor) OK, so we sometimes see this with animals that live in parts of the world where it gets very cold in the winter. For example, in the northeaster United States, there's a species of squirrels that does this. This squirrel, like many species of squirrel, loves to eat nuts. Nuts are one its primary sources of food. Now, nuts are very difficult to find in the winter. But in the autumn, they are lying all over the place because that's when they fall from the trees.So, what this squirrel does is in the autumn it spends a lot of time finding nuts. After it finds a nut, it prepares it. It takes off the outer shell and cleans it. This preparation may in some way help preserve the nut and or may make it easier to eat later on. The squirrel then digs a little hole in the ground and buries the nut. In one autumn, this squirrel may bury hundreds of nuts.But it doesn't just dig a big hole and put all the nuts in it and cover them up. No, it digs hundreds of holes all over the place. And it puts just one nut in each hole. Now, why would it do that? Well, probably primarily because even if other animals happen to find some of the holes, some of the nuts, the squirrel will still have a lot of other holes with nuts in them so it’ll still have enough food to survive the winter. 托福TPO29口语Task4题目： Explain how the example from the professor’s lecture illustrate the practice of scatter hoarding. 托福TPO29口语Task4满分范文： Animals usually hoard some food for the time when there's no food. And some animalsdivide their storage of food into different places and when the food is scarce, they return to the places and recover the food. For example, there's a kind of squirrels feeding on nuts that are plentiful in autumn while scarce in winter. So they spend a lot of time in autumn finding nuts. Then they prepare nuts by taking off the shells and cleansing them, which helps preserve and makes the nuts easier to eat later on. After that the squirrels dig thousands of holes at different places to hoard the prepared nuts so that even if some of the nuts are found by other animals, they still have enough food for the winter. (132 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO29口语Task4阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
2019年TPO29托福口语Task3原文及参考答案TPO29口语Task3题目：Remove Old Bicycles from Campus RacksI noticed that there are bicycles locked to the campus bicycle racks that have not been moved for a long time. I think the university should remove these bikes from the racks and dispose of them. I recommend this action because,first of all, they will not be missed by anyone, since they apparently havebeen forgotten b y their owners. More important, removing the bikes would helpto free up space on the racks, thereby benefiting people who are actually using their bikes and need places to park them.ConversationNow listen to two students discussing the letter.Woman：He’s totally right about this, you know?Man：Well, I agree they should do it, but maybe it’s not fair.Woman： What? Just assuming no one wants them? Well, judging from the conditions some of them are in, I thinkit’s probably a safe assumption. I mean, some are missing parts like handlebars or wheels, and others are really rusty like they've been left outside in the rain for years.Man：Yeah, the ones with missing parts sure don’t l ook like they are being used but what if some are?Woman： Well, to be sure, the university could always attach notes to them and say give the owners two weeks to remove them or they’d be removed by campus security.Man：Yeah, that’ll probably work.Woman：Anyway, it’ll be really big help if they were gone.Man： Oh, I know.Woman： Because, I mean, especially like in front of the dining hall, there are lots of them there and it can bereally hard to find a space. All the spaces are always taken there.Man：Yeah, it’s bad. Lots of people ride bikes these days.Woman： And since the university doesn't allow us to tie them to signposts, or fences or anything like that to park them, I always have to lock mine up in another building and walk over to th e dining hall cause there’s hardly ever a space.QuestionThe woman expresses her opinion about the proposal in the letter. Briefly summarize the proposal. Then state her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion.Key Points1. won’t be missed2. free up spaceTPO29口语Task3参考答案(范文模板)：The woman endorses the letter’s proposal to remove the old bikes from the racks and throw them away. According to the letter, the bikes will not be missed by anyone since they have already been there for a long time and the woman reckons it’s true, saying a lot of the bikes that are still there are missing parts and look rusty, like they’ve been therefor years. The letter also notes that doing this would help to free up a lot of space on the bike racks so that they can be used by students who actually have bikes that want to park and the woman adds that it will help to find more space to park bikes cos she says that she often has to ride to another building and park her bike there cos the space in the parking lots at the school is so limited.。
¡¡¡¡ÎªÁË°ïÖú´ó¼Ò¸ßЧ±¸¿¼Íи££¬Îª´ó¼Ò´øÀ´Íи£TPO29×ÛºÏд×÷ÔĶÁÔ-ÎÄ+ÌýÁ¦Ô-ÎÄ+Âú·Ö·¶ÎÄ£¬Ï£Íû¶Ô´ó¼Ò±¸¿¼ÓÐËù°ïÖú¡£¡¡¡¡Íи£TPO29×ÛºÏд×÷ÔĶÁÔ-ÎÄÎı¾£º¡¡¡¡Large numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold,arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable,especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis. First, the edmontosaur's diet supports the migration hypothesis.Edmontosaurs fed exclusively on plants. Since there would have been no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter, it appears that the edmontosaur must have left for at least part of the year and migrated to more temperate zones to find food. Second, many edmontosaur skeletons have been unearthed from the same site. This suggests that edmontosaurs lived in herd. Many modern-day migratory animals, such as caribou and buffalo, live and migrate in herds as well. Moving in herds helps animals coordinate their migration.The finding that edmonotsaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis. Finally, edmonosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances. To reach more hospitable regions, the edmontosaur had to migrate about 1,600 kilometers southward. To make such a journey, the edmontosaur needed to move at about five kilometers per hour for several weeks, which is certainly could do. These animals could run very fast, reaching speeds up to 45 kilometers per hour. It could have easily used its locomotive power to move to warmer climate during the harsh arctic winters.¡¡¡¡Íи£TPO29×ÛºÏд×÷ÌýÁ¦Ô-ÎÄÎı¾£º¡¡¡¡ProfessorThe hypothesis that the Edmontosaur migrated every winter is not convincing.First, the Edmontosaur did not have to migrate to find food. Once hundred million years ago, the summer temperatures in the North Slope area were warmer than they are today. And remember, in arctic regions like the North Slope, the Sun shines 24 hours a day at the peak of the summer. The warm temperatures and extensive daylight created incredibly good growing conditions for plants, so much vegetation was produced during the summer that when the vegetation died as the winter came, there was a lot of nutritious dead vegetation around in the winter. The Edmontosaur could have easily lived on the dead plant matter during the winter.Second, just because Edmontosaurs lived in herds doesn't mean they migrated. Animals live in herds for many other reasons. Living in herds, for example, provides animals with extra protection from predators. Having extra protection is useful even for the animals that live in the same area the whole year around. A modern example of this is the Roosevelt elk¡ªa large plant-eater. Roosevelt elks live in the forests of the western United States. They live in herds but they do not migrate.Third, although adult Edmontosaurs were capable of migrating long distances, what about Edmontosaurs that were not yet adults? Juvenile Edmontosaurs were not physically capable of travelling the great distances required to reach warmer territories and would have slowed the herd so much that the herd never would have made it to its destination. The herd could not have left the juveniles behind because the juveniles would not have survived on their own. So the whole herd had to stay where they were and survive on the cold North Slope.¡¡¡¡Íи£TPO29×ÛºÏд×÷Âú·Ö·¶ÎÄ1£º¡¡¡¡In the reading passage, the writer claim that edmontosaurus had to migrate to hospitable places in the south, if they want to survive in the cold weather. The speaker, however, contradicts this view for the following three reasons. First of all, the reading materials points out that it is difficult that edmontosaurus to find food in cold winter because of they were fed on plants exclusively. But the speaker reputes that warm weather in summer supplied perfect condition for plants to grow. So edmontosaurus might found lots of nutritious dead vegetation around in the winter, which made migration unnecessary. Second, unearthed skeletons from the same site indicated that edmontosaurus lived in herds. Living in herds made migration much easy. But the lecture gave an example of Roosevelt elks to prove that group living might have various types of reasons. So edmontosaurus may live in herds in order to seek for extra protection. So living in herds could not provide evidence for migration claim. Lastly, edmontosaurus, in view of the writer, had the ability of long-distance movement. Although the lecturer admitted the locomotive capability of edmontosaurus, he points out that juvenile edmontosaurus were lack of such ability. So the herd would not leave juveniles behind in the North Slope, which strongly reputes the author¡¯s claim.¡¡¡¡Íи£TPO29×ÛºÏд×÷Âú·Ö·¶ÎÄ2£º¡¡¡¡In the reading passage, the writer proposes several arguments to support the hypothesis that in order to survive the winter, edmontosaur would migrate south to more hospitable regions. The speaker, however, contradicts this view for the following three reasons. First of all, the reading materials points out that since edmontosaurus fed exclusively on plants, it was difficult for edmontosaurus to find food in cold winter because no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter. But the speaker reputes that the temperature in North Sloper were much warmer than they are today. So warm weather in summer supplied perfect condition for plants to grow, and edmontosaurus might found lots of nutritious dead vegetation around in the winter, which made migration unnecessary. Second, unearthed skeletons from the same site indicated that edmontosaurus lived in herds. Living in herds made migration much easier, which is a strong support for migration. But the lecture gives an example of Roosevelt elks to show that animals live in groups for various reasons,。
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO29口语Task6听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO29口语Task6听力文本： Listen to part of a lecture in a business class. (female professor) OK, so, of course, businesses want to sell as many of their products as possible. Often a business sells mostly one type of product. But sales of this product may stop increasing because most potential customers have already bought it. In this situation, many companies will try to diversify, um, to develop or diverse product in order to increase sales. There are a couple of efficient ways that a company can diversify using some of their existing resources.One way a company can diversify is to use an existing technology, uh, technology that they already have to develop a new product. If a company already has some machines and technology to make a certain product, sometimes it can efficiently use that same technology to make a different product. For example, a company that makes televisions might start making computer monitors because the technology used to make these two products is very similar. So the company can use its existing technological resources to make the monitors. But with the monitors, it can reach new customers, people that wouldn’t buy television screens, like businesses that need to buy monitors for their employees’computers. Another way a company can diversify is to try to appeal to its existing customers, its customer base with a new product. One of a company’s most important resources is its existing customers and these customers might have other needs that the company could fulfill with a different product. For example, a company that sells skis might have a large customer base that enjoys winter sports like skiing down snowy mountains. So they might start making ski jackets. The same customers that buy skis would also need warm ski jackets to wear while they are skiing. And since they like the company’s skis, they might be more likely to buy the jackets with the company’s name on them. 托福TPO29口语Task6题目： Using points and examples from the lecture, explain two ways a company can diversify. 托福TPO29口语Task6满分范文： The first way for a company to diversify is to use existing technology to produce a new kind of products that need the similar technology and sell them to the customers who only need the new products. For example, a company that sells TV may use the technology of screen manufacturing to produce monitor for computers, and in this way it can expand its market by reaching the customers who don't need TV, but computers, like a company that needs to buy monitors for its employees. Another way is to createa new product and sell it to its existing customers who may have other needs. For example, a company selling skis may also produce ski-jackets and sell them to the consumers that have already bought their skis. Now that these customers must enjoy winter sports like skiing on snowy mountain, they will also need snow jackets to keep warm. And their preference of the ski brand will lead to their purchase of snow-jackets of the same brand. (168 words) 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO29口语Task6听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
托福TPO29综合写作阅读+听力原文+满分范文【雷哥托福整理】在备考托福写作的过程中，总是将托福的独立作文放在了第一位，但是实际上，综合作文也是占到了作文总分30分里面的50%的分值，不要等到分数出来了，才发现其实是综合作文的limited或者fair极大的影响了自己的分数。
雷哥托福小托君给大家分享TPO1-33综合作文部分的阅读和听力文本全集与综合作文的满分作文，以及满分作文的解析。
就是在自己做托福TPO模考之后，可以根据这里面的听力的文本，来检验自己的听力内容是否抓的足够好，尤其是要看写的够不够全！很多时候，我们的综合作文之所以分低，就是因为听力写的不全！TPO29 综合写作听力+阅读原文ReadingLarge numbers of dinosaur fossils have been discovered in deposits on Alaska's North Slope, a region that today experiences an extremely cold,arctic climate. One hundred million years ago, when those dinosaurs were alive, the environment of the North Slope was already inhospitable,especially during the winter when it experienced several months of total darkness. How did the dinosaurs survive the wintertime? Paleontologists have proposed that one of the most common North Slope dinosaurs, the elephant-sized edmontosaur (Edmontosaurus), survived the winter by migrating south to more hospitable regions. Several arguments support the migration hypothesis.First, the edmontosaur's diet supports the migration hypothesis.Edmontosaurs fed exclusively on plants. Since there would have been no plants growing during the cold and dark North Slope winter, it appears that the edmontosaur must have left for at least part of the year and migrated to more temperate zones to find food.Second, many edmontosaur skeletons have been unearthed from the same site. This suggests that edmontosaurs lived in herd. Many modern-day migratory animals, such as caribou and buffalo, live and migrate in herds as well. Moving in herds helps animals coordinate their migration.The finding that edmonotsaurs lived in herds further supports the migration hypothesis.Finally, edmonosaurs were physically capable of migrating long distances. To reach more hospitable regions, the edmontosaur had to migrate about 1,600 kilometers southward. To make such a journey, the edmontosaur needed to move at about five kilometers per hour for several weeks, which is certainly could do. These animals could run very fast, reaching speeds up to 45 kilometers per hour. It could have easily used its locomotive power to move to warmer climate during the harsh arctic winters.ListeningNow listen to part of a lecture on the topic you just read about.ProfessorThe hypothesis that the Edmontosaur migrated every winter is not convincing.First, the Edmontosaur did not have to migrate to find food. One hundred million years ago, the summer temperatures in the North Slope area were warmer than they are today. And remember, in arctic regions like the North Slope, the Sun shines 24 hours a day at the peak of the summer. The warm temperatures and extensive daylight created incredibly good growing conditions for plants, so much vegetation was produced during the summer that when the vegetation died as the winter came, there was a lot of nutritious dead vegetation around in the winter. The Edmontosaur could have easily lived on the dead plant matter during the winter.Second, just because Edmontosaurs lived in herds doesn’t mean they migrated.Animals live in herds for many other reasons. Living in herds, for example, provides animals with extra protection from predators. Having extra protection is useful even for the animals that live in the same area the whole year round. A modern example of this is the Roosevelt elk—a large plant-eater. Roosevelt elks live in the forests of the western United States. They live in herds but they do not migrate.Third, although adult Edmontosaurs were capable of migrating long distances, what about Edmontosaurs that were not yet adults? Juvenile Edmontosaurs were not physically capable of travelling the great distances required to reach warmer territories and would have slowed the herd so much that the herd never would have made it to its destination. The herd could not have left the juveniles behind because the juveniles would not have survived on their own. So the whole herd had to stay where they were and survive on the cold North Slope.由于篇幅有限，托福综合写作满分范文，在雷哥托福微信公众号获取。
Q1正确答案：D解析：harness作动词的意思“利用”；近义词是utilize。
这个单词后面出现了to，表目的或作用，整句话的意思是“水资源被用于减轻人和动物的劳动”。
Q2正确答案：C解析：根据选项在第一段中找对应进行排除，A对应该段第2句。
B的对应虽然没有直接在原文中提到，但是也可以有这层意思，可以作为待定选项。
但看到C 之后就可以排除B了，因为C和该段第1句直接冲突，因此选择C。
D对应这段的最后一句（出现了perhaps，与uncertainty近义）。
Q3正确答案：D解析：根据题干中的Throughout the roman empire定位到该段第2句，对于waterpower mill的修饰是increasingly sophisticated，也就是更复杂，更先进，因此选择D。
Roman empire的waterpower mill是horizontal-axis还是vertical-axis，和其设计是否基于Scandinavia地区的waterpower mill，它的设计是否受欢迎，文中均未提及Q4正确答案：A解析：在第1句话中，the applications of waterpower与上文the only uses of the waterpower mill 是并列关系，继续补充水力发电厂的作用，所以这里的applications指的是水力资源的应用，也就是使用。
因此选择A，水利的用处，put to use。
不要被B选项的improvement误导。
Q5正确答案：B解析：题干中scientific and technical investigation对应第四段第2句话，第3句意思是“输出的功率从1-60马力不等，水流越smooth，下落越慢，效率就越高，在此过程中几乎释放所有动能”。
根据这个结论，直接确定B正确。
文中没有提到小水车和大水车产生马力量的比较，排除A；水中的动能并不能改变，而是要尽可能的使其含有的动能释放出来，排除C；D中的overshot wheel对应本段最后一句，但是原文并没说这种轮就能输出高于60马力单位的能量。
为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO29口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO29口语Task3阅读文本： Remove Old Bicycles from Campus Racks I noticed that there are bicycles locked to the campus bicycle racks that have not been moved for a long time. I think the university should remove these bikes from the racks and dispose of them. I recommend this action because, first of all, they will not be missed by anyone, since they apparently have been forgotten by their owners. More important, removing the bikes would help to free up space on the racks, thereby benefiting people who are actually using their bikes and need places to park them. 托福TPO29口语Task3听力文本： Now listen to two students discussing the letter. (woman) He's totally right about this, you know? (man) Well, I agree they should do it, but maybe it's not fair. (woman) What? Just assuming no one wants them? Well, judging from the conditions some of them are in, I think it's probably a safe assumption. I mean, some are missing parts like handlebars or wheels, and others are really rusty like they've been left outside in the rain for years. (man) Yeah, the ones with missing parts sure don't look like they are being used but what if some are?(woman) Well, to be sure, the university could always attach notes to them and say give the owners two weeks to remove them or they'd be removed by campus security. (man) Yeah, that'll probably work. (woman) Anyway, it'll be really big help if they were gone. (man) Oh, I know (woman) Because, I mean, especially like in front of the dining hall, there are lots of them there and it can be really hard to find a space. All the spaces are always taken there. (man) Yeah, it’s bad. Lots of people ride bikes these days. (woman) And since the university doesn't allow us to tie them to signposts, or fences or anything like that to park them, I always have to lock mine up in another building and walk over to the dining hall cause there’s hardly ever a space." 托福TPO29口语Task3题目： The woman expresses her opinion about the proposal in the letter. Briefly summarize the proposal. Then state her opinion and explain the reasons she gives for holding that opinion. 托福TPO29口语Task3满分范文： The writer of the letter suggests the university remove old bicycles from the racks, because they have been missed by their owners and this measure can save a lot of spaces for people using bikes. The woman in the conversation totally agrees with the proposal. First, she says that these bicycles have lost some parts such as handle bars or wheels, and many other bikes are rusty because of the rain. Or the university can attach notes on them to remind their owners to take them back, or they will be removed by the security. Secondly, the woman says that these old bikes take up a lot of spaces, and it is very difficult for other students to find a place to park. She always has to park her bike in another building, which is very inconvenient. So that’s why she agrees with the proposal. 以上是给大家整理的托福TPO29口语Task3阅读文本+听力文本+题目+满分范文，希望对你有所帮助!。
TPO 29-R-3Q29 The word “harnessed”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.KnownB.Depended onC.RecognizedD.UtilizedQ30 In paragraph 1, uncertainty is expressed about all of the following aspects of the early development of waterpower EXCEPTA.When exactly the very first waterpowerdevices were inventedB.Where exactly the very first waterpowerdevices were developedC.Whether water was one of the earliestsources of power to be used by humans D.Whether the very earliest waterpowerdevices arose independentlyParagraph 1 is marked with an arrow>Q31 According to paragraph 2, what was true of the waterpower mills built throughout the Roman Empire?A.Most had horizontal-axis wheel.B.Their design was based on mills that hadlong been used in Scandinavia.C.Their design was more popular beyond theempire’s boundaries than it was within the empire.D.They were more advanced than the millsused in the Middle East at an earlier time. Paragraph 2 is marked with an arrow>The History of Waterpower>Moving water was one of the earliest energy sources to be harnessed to reduce the workload of people and animals. No one knows exactly when the water wheel was invented, but irrigation systems existed at least 5,000 years ago, and it seems probable that the earliest waterpower device was the noria, a waterwheel that raised water for irrigation in attached jars. This device appears to have evolved no later than the fifth century B.C., perhaps independently in different regions of the Middle and Far East.>The earliest waterpower mills were probably vertical-axis mills for grinding corn, known as Norse or Greek mills, which seem to have appeared during the first or second century B.C. in the middle East and a few centuries later in Scandinavia. In the following centuries, increasingly sophisticated waterpower mills were built throughout the Roman Empire and beyond its boundaries in the Middle East and northern Europe, In England, the Saxons are thought to have used both horizontal and vertical-axis wheels. The first documented English mill was in the eighth century, but three centuries later about 5,000 were recorded, suggesting that every settlement of any size had its mill.Q32 The phrase “the applications of waterpower”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.The uses to which waterpower was putB.The improvements made to waterpowerC.The methods by which waterpower wassuppliedD.The sources of waterpower availableQ33 According to paragraph 4, which of the following was discovered as a result of scientific and technical investigation of water power conducted between 1650 and 1800? A.Some types of small waterwheels canproduce as much horsepower as the very largest wheels.B.Waterwheels operate more efficientlywhen water falls away from their blades slowly than when water falls away quickly.C.Waterwheel efficiency can be improved byincreasing the amount of kinetic energy water contains as it passes over a waterwheel’s bladesD.Unlike other type of waterwheel, theovershot wheel is capable of producing more than 60 horsepower units of energy. Paragraph 4 is marked with an arrow> >Raising water and grinding com were by no means the only uses of the waterpower mill, and during the following centuries, the applications of waterpower kept pace with the developing technologies of mining, iron working, paper making, and the wool and cotton industries. Water was the main source of mechanical power, and by the end of the seventeenth century, England alone is though to have had some 20,000 working mills.>There was much debate on the relative efficiencies of different types of waterwheels. ■The period from about 1650 until 1800 saw some excellent s cientific and technical investigations of different designs. ■ They revealed output powers ranging from about 1 horsepower to perhaps 60 for the largest wheels and confirmed that for maximum efficiency, the water should pass across the blades as smoothly as possible and fall away with minimum speed, having given up almost all of its kinetic energy. ■(They also proved that, in principle, the overshot wheel, a type of wheel in which an overhead stream of water powers the wheel, should win the efficiency competition.)■Q34 The word “pessimistic”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.NegativeB.UnlikelyC.SurprisingD.IncompleteQ35 The term “by then” in the passage refers toA.By the time steam power entered thesceneB.By the year 1800C.By the year 1900D.By the time the waterwheel was becomingobsoleteQ36 According to paragraph 5, why did waterpower become more important by 1900?A.Better waterwheel designs improved theefficiency of waterpower.B.Waterpower was needed to operate steamenginesC.Waterpower was used to generateelectricityD.Waterwheel became more efficient thancoal-powered engines.Paragraph 5 is marked with an arrow>Q37 Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the highlighted sentence in the passage? Incorrect choices change the meaning in important ways or leave out essential information.A.The growth of the electric-power industrystimulated significant changes in hydro technology and scientific progress in electrotechnology in the nineteenth >But when steam power entered the scene, putting the whole future of waterpower in doubt, An energy analyst writing in the year 1800 would have painted a very pessimistic picture of the future for waterpower. The coal-fired steam engine was taking over, and the waterwheel was fast becoming obsolete. However, like many later experts, this one would have suffered from an inability to see into the future. A century later the picture was completely different: by then, the world had an electric industry, and a quarter of its generating capacity was water powered. >The growth of the electric-power industry was the result of a remarkable series of scientific discoveries and developments in electrotechnology during the nineteenth century, but significant changes in what we might now call hydro (water) technology alsocentry.B.The changes in hydro technology that ledto the growth of the electric-power industry also led to discoveries and developments in electrotechnology in the nineteenth century.C.Advances in electrotechnology in thenineteenth century and changes in hydro technology were responsible for the growth of the electric-power industry. D.In the nineteenth century, the scientificstudy of electrotechnology and hydro technology benefited greatly from the growth of the electric-power industry.Q38 The word “unaltered”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.UnimprovedB.UnequaledC.UnchangedD.UnsatisfactoryQ39 The discussion of the history of electric power production in paragraph 6 supports which of the following?A.1832 marked the beginning of theindustrial production of electric power. B.Turbines using Benoit Fourneyron’s designwere eventually used to generate electric power.C.Benoit Fourneyron’s quickly appliedMichael Faraday’s discovery about electric fields to acquire a patent for a new and more efficient waterwheel.D.Practical advances in hydro technologywere more important to the development of electric power than were advances in the theoretical understanding of electricity.Paragraph 6 is marked with an arrow> played their part. In 1832, the year of Michael Faraday’s discovery that a changing magnetic field produces an electric field, a young French engineer patented a new and mor efficient waterwheel. His name was Benoit Fourneyron, and his device was the first successful water turbine. (The word turbine comes from the Latin turbo: something that spins). The waterwheel, unaltered for nearly 2,000 years, had finally been superseded.Q39 According to paragraph 7, what problem did early power station in the town of Godalming in Surrey, United Kingdom, face in providing electricity?A.The traditional waterwheel it used was notlarge enough to meet the demand for energy.B.The flow of the River Wey, on which thepower station depended, was unreliable. C.The operators of the Godalming powerstation had little experience with hydro technology.D.The steam engine that turned thewaterwheel was faulty and needed to be replaced.Paragraph 7 is marked with an arrow>Q13 Look at the four squares【■】that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.Happily, serious studies began to be conducted to help resolve disagreements. Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.Q14 Directions: An introductory sentence for a >Half a century of development was needed before Faraday’s discoveries in electricity were translated into full-scale power stations. In 1881 the Godalming power station in Surrey, England, on the banks of the Wey River, created the world’s first public electricity supply. The power source of this most modern technology was a traditional waterwheel. Unfortunately this early plant experienced the problem common to many forms of renewable energy: the flow in the Wey River was unreliable, and the waterwheel was soon replaced by a steam engine.>From this primitive start, the electric industry grew during the final 20 years of the nineteenth century at a rate seldom if ever exceeded by any technology. The capacity of individual power stations, many of them hydro plants, rose from a few kilowatts to over a megawatt in less than a decade.>There was much debate on the relative efficiencies of different types of waterwheels. ■The period from about 1650 until 1800 saw some excellent scientific and technical investigations of different designs. ■ They revealed output powers ranging from about 1 horsepower to perhaps 60 for the largest wheels and confirmed that for maximum efficiency, the water should pass across the blades as smoothly as possible and fall away with minimum speed, having given up almost all of its kinetic energy. ■(They also proved that, in principle, thebrief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. Drag your answer choices to the spaces where they belong. To remove an answer choice, click on it. To review the passage, click VIEW NEXT.Ever since the development of the waterwheel. Which occurred no later than 500 B.C., people have used moving water as a source of power.A. The first water-powered machines were probably used to grind corn, and as technology advanced , waterwheels were used as the main source of power in many industries.B. Almost every large town in England had a water power mill, allowing England to become the world’s leader in industries that depended on water for their power.C. In the nineteenth century and electric power station in England began using water power from a nearby river, creating a dependable source of power that quickly replaced the steam engine.D. Waterpower mills were probably invented about the same time in the Middle East and Scandinavia and then spread to England by about the second century B.C.E. In the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, design improvements in waterwheels led to discoveries of how to increase their efficiency and power output.F. After declining in importance in the early 1800’s, waterpower came back into demand by overshot wheel, a type of wheel in which an overhead stream of water powers the wheel, should win the efficiency competition.)■the end of the century as a means to power electric power plants and water turbines.。
TPO 29-R-1Q1 Paragraph 1 indicates which of the following about Roman pottery?A.Roman amphorae were of much higherquality overall than other Roman pottery.B.Roman pottery can best be appreciatedwhen actual pieces are handled.C.Roman pottery declined slightly in qualitywhen the use of fast wheels and kilns was introduced.D.Roman practical tableware spread morerapidly across the Mediterranean than amphorae did.Paragraph 1 is marked with an arrow>Q2 All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 1 as characteristics of Roman pottery EXCEPT:A.It was usually made with high-quality clay.B.It generally did not weigh much.C.It did not break as easily as other ancientpottery.D.It sometimes had imperfections. Paragraph 1 is marked with an arrow>Characteristics of Roman Pottery>The pottery of ancient Romans is remarkable in several ways. The high quality of Roman pottery is very easy to appreciate when handling actual pieces of table ware or indeed kitchenware and amphorae(the large jars used throughout the Mediterranean for the transport and storage of liquids, such as wine and oil). However, it is impossible to do justice to Roman wares on the page, even when words can be backed up by photographs and drawings. Most Roman pottery is light and smooth to the touch and very tough,although, like all pottery, it shatters if dropped on a hard surface.It is generall made with carefully selected and porified clay, worked to thin-walled and standardized shapes on a fast wheel and fired in a kiln(pottery oven) capable of ensuring a consistent finish. With handmade pottery, inevitably there are slight differences between individual vessels of the same desigh and occasional minor blemishe(flaws).But what strikes the eye and the touch most immediately and most powerfully with Roman pottery is its consistent high quality.Q3 According to paragraph 2, which of the following is NOT true of Roman vessels?A.They were good containers for liquids.B.Their shapes allowed for easy stacking andstoring.C.They sometimes had shiny surfaces.D.Their true age is immediately apparent. Paragraph 2 is marked with an arrow>Q4 The author mentions the work of archaelogists in paragraph 3 in order toA.Support the idea that pottery wasproduces in large quantities by the RomansB.illustrate how hard it is for archaeologiststo fine complete pieces of Roman pottery C.contrast archaeological sites in Romanurban areas with other sites in the MediterraneanD.explain why the quantities of potteryfound vary significantly from one site to anotherParagraph 3 is marked with an arrow> >This is not just an aesthetic consideration but also a practical one. These vessels are solid(brittle, but not fragile), they are pleasant and easy to handle(being light and smooth), and, with their hard and sometimes glassy(smooth and shiny)surfaces, they hold liquids well and are easy to wash. Furthermore, their regular and standardized shapes would have made them simple to stack and store. When people today are shown a very ordinary Roman pot and, in particular, are allowed to handle it, they often comment on how modern it looks and feels, and they need to be convinced of its true age.>As impressive as the quality of Roman pottery is its sheer massive quantity. When considering quantities, we would ideally like to have some estimates for overall production from particular sites of pottery manufacture and for overall consumption at specific settlements. Unfortunately, it is in the nature of the archaeological evidence, which is almost in variably only a sample of what once existed, that such figures will always be elusive. However, no one who has ever worked in the field would quenstion the abundance of Roman pottery, particularly in the Mediterranean region. This abundance is notable in Roman settlements(especially urban sites)where the labor that archaeologists have to put into the washing and sorting of potsherds (fragments of pottery) constitutes a high proportion of the total work during the initial phases of excavation.Q5 The word “substantial”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.protectedB.man-madergeD.famousQ6 According to paragraph 4, Monte Testaccil is particularly important for archaeologists because archaeologists were able toA.conclude how amphorae manufacturingincreased rapidly after the second centuryA..D.B.find the locations where most of theamphorae in the Roman Empire were producedC.obtain relatively acccurate calculations ofthe quantities of amphorae used over time in that placeD.discover that the Roman state hadsupported amphorae production Paragraph 4 is marked with an arrow>Q7 The word “entirely”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.apparentlypletelyC.basicallyD.mostlyQ8 Paragraph 4 indicates which of the following about the port on the Tiber River near Monte Testaccil?A.It was built around the third century A.D.B.It was close to areas where largequantities of oil were produced.C.It was in use only for a very short period oftime.D.It had an impressive level of commercialactivity.Paragraph 4 is marked with an arrow> >■Only rarely can we derive any “real”quantities from deposits of broken pots.■However, there is one exceptional dump, which does represent a very large part of the site’s total history of consumption and for which an estimate of quantity has been produced. ■On the left bank of the Tiber River in Rome, by one of the river ports of the ancient city, is a substantial hill some 50 meters high called Monte Testaccio.■It is made up entirely of broke oil amphorae,mainly of the second and third centuries A.D. It has been estimated that Monte Testaccil contains the remains of some 53 million amphorae, in which aroud 6,000 million liters of oil were imported into the city from overseas. Imports into imperial Rome were supported by the full might of the state and were therefore quite exceptional—but the size of the operations at Monte Testaccil, and the productivity and complexity that lay behind them, nonetheless cannot fail to impress.This was a society with similarities to modern ones—moving good s on a gigantic scale, manufacturing high-quality containers to do so, and occasionally, as here, even discarding them on delivery.Q9 The statement in paragraph 4 that amphorae delivered to the port near Monte Testaccil were occasionally discarded supports which of the following?A.Traders at the port were often careless.B.The quality of the amphorae used at theport was not very good.C.The scale of the trade made it possible towaste quality amphorae sometimes.D.The importing of oil from overseasgradually declined, reducing the need for pottery.Paragraph 4 is marked with an arrow>Q10 The statement that maps “show the various spots where Roman pottery of a particular type has been found tell only part of the story” makes the point thatA.Maps indicate where specific potterystyles have been found, but they do not indicate where these styles originatedB.Maps show the geographical spread ofRoman pottery but not the people who had access to itC.Maps do not usually include pottery stylesfound in the remotest regions of the Roman EmpireD.Archaeologists studying Roman potteryneed to use a range of techniques in their investigationsQ11 The word “humble”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.ruralB.distant Roman pottery was transported not only in large quantities but also over substantial distances. Many Roman pots, in particular amphorae and the fine wares designed for use at tables, could travel hundreds of miles—all over theMediterranean and also further afield. But maps that show the various spots where Roman pottery of a particular type has been found tell only part of the story. What is more significant than any geographical spread is the access that different levels of society had to good-quality products. In all but remotest regions of the empire, Roman pottery of a high standard is common at the sites of humble villages and isolated farmsteads.C.ancientD.modestQ12 The word “particular”in the passage is closest in meaning toA.specificmonC.ancientD.superiorQ13 Look at the four squares【■】that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.That is because residents of a city did not usually used pottery at the same site over a long period of time .Where would the sentence best fit? Click on a square to add the sentence to the passage.Q14 Directions: An introductory sentence for a brief summary of the passage is provided below. Complete the summary by selecting the THREE answer choices that express the most important ideas in the passage. Some sentences do not belong in the summary because they express ideas that are not presented in the passage or are minor ideas in the passage. This question is worth 2 points. Drag your answer choices to the spaces where they belong. To remove an answer choice, click on it. To review the passage, click VIEW NEXT.The pottery of the ancient Roman Empire is remarkable.A.Roman pottery is considered to be practicaland of consistently high quality.B.People are not familiar with the wholerange of pottery the Romans created because most of the available pieces represent only a limited number of styles and shapes.C.Even though the exact quantity of potteryprocuced by the Romans is almost impossible to calculate, it is certain that it was produced in large quantities.D.Archaeologists looking for the remains ofRoman pottery concentrate on urban sites because that is where the oldest pieces of kitchenware and amphorae have been found.E.Roman pottery was transported over longdistandes, and different levels of society had access to quality pottery.F.It is still unclear to archaeologists what therole of the Roman state in the commercial success of Roman pottery was.。
TPO阅读1-34汇总【含原文翻译解析答案】TPO1-34综合写作TPO 1 (1)1. 阅读部分 (1)2. 听力部分 (3)3. 范文赏析 (5)TPO 2 (7)1. 阅读部分 (7)2. 听力部分 (10)3. 范文赏析 (12)TPO 3 (14)1. 阅读部分 (14)2. 听力部分 (16)3. 范文赏析 (17)TPO4 (19)1. 阅读部分 (19)2. 听力部分 (20)3. 范文赏析 (22)TPO5 (24)1. 阅读部分 (24)2. 听力部分 (24)3. 范文赏析 (24)TPO6 (25)1. 阅读部分 (25)2. 听力部分 (25)3. 范文赏析 (25)TPO7 (26)1. 阅读部分 (26)2. 听力部分 (26)3. 范文赏析 (26) TPO8 (27)1. 阅读部分 (27)2. 听力部分 (27)3. 范文赏析 (27) TPO9 (28)1. 阅读部分 (28)2. 听力部分 (28)3. 范文赏析 (28) TPO10 (29)1. 阅读部分 (29)2. 听力部分 (29)3. 范文赏析 (29) TPO11 (30) 1. 阅读部分 (30) 3. 范文赏析 (30) TPO12 (31)1. 阅读部分 (31)2. 听力部分 (32)3. 范文赏析 (34) TPO13 (35)1. 阅读部分 (35)2. 听力部分 (36)3. 范文赏析 (38) TPO14 (39)1. 阅读部分 (39)2. 听力部分 (40)3. 范文赏析 (41) TPO15 (43) 1. 阅读部分 (43)3. 范文赏析 (45) TPO16 (47)1. 阅读部分 (47)2. 听力部分 (48)3. 范文赏析 (49) TPO17 (51)1. 阅读部分 (51)2. 听力部分 (52)3. 范文赏析 (54) TPO18 (55)1. 阅读部分 (55)2. 听力部分 (55)3. 范文赏析 (55) TPO19 (56)1. 阅读部分 (56)2. 听力部分 (56)3. 范文赏析 (56) TPO20 (57)1. 阅读部分 (57)2. 听力部分 (57)3. 范文赏析 (57) TPO21 (58)1. 阅读部分 (58)2. 听力部分 (58)3. 范文赏析 (58) TPO22 (59) 1. 阅读部分 (59) 3. 范文赏析 (59) TPO23 (60)2. 听力部分 (60)3. 范文赏析 (60) TPO24 (61)1. 阅读部分 (61)2. 听力部分 (61)3. 范文赏析 (61) TPO25 (62)1. 阅读部分 (62)2. 听力部分 (62)3. 范文赏析 (62) TPO26 (63)1. 阅读部分 (63)2. 听力部分 (63)3. 范文赏析 (63) TPO27 (64)1. 阅读部分 (64)2. 听力部分 (64)3. 范文赏析 (64) TPO28 (65)1. 阅读部分 (65)2. 听力部分 (65)3. 范文赏析 (65) TPO29 (66)1. 阅读部分 (66)2. 听力部分 (66)3. 范文赏析 (66) TPO30 (67)1. 阅读部分 (67)2. 听力部分 (67)3. 范文赏析 (67)TPO31 (68)1. 阅读部分 (68)2. 听力部分 (68)3. 范文赏析 (68)TPO32 (69)1. 阅读部分 (69)2. 听力部分 (70)3. 范文赏析 (70)TPO33 (71)1. 阅读部分 (71)3. 范文赏析 (71)TPO34 (72)1. 阅读部分 (72)2. 听力部分 (73)3. 范文赏析 (74)TPO 11. 阅读部分In the United States, employees typically work five days a week for eight hours each day. However, many employees want to work a four-day week and are willing to accept less pay in order to do so. A mandatory policy requiring companies to offer their employees the option of working a four-day workweek for four-fifths (80 percent) of their normal pay would benefit the economy as a whole as well as the individual companies and the employees who decided to take the option.在美国，职员一般执行的一周五天，每天八小时工作制。
TPO29听力Conversation-1What is the conversation mainly about?A.What the deadline to register for a Japanese class is.B.Why a class the woman chose may not be suitable for her .C.How the woman can fix an unexpected problem with her class schedule.D.How first-year students can get permission to take an extra class.答案：C解析：女生说：I am kinda confused about my schedule ....On class I registered for is missing. 说明女生的课程表有问题。
Why does the man tell the woman that Japanese classes are popular?A.To imply that a Japanese class is unlikely to be canceled.B.To explain why the woman should have registered for the class sooner.C.To encourage the woman to consider taking Japanese.D.To convince the woman to wait until next semester to take a Japanese class.答案：A解析：女生说：Do they cancel it?Assistant: I doubt it. Japanese class is very popular.助理是在解释他为什么觉得女生的假设不正确。
托福TPO29听力Conversation2文本+题目+答案解析为了帮助大家高效备考托福，为大家带来托福TPO29听力Conversation2文本+题目+答案解析，希望对大家备考有所帮助。
托福TPO29听力Conversation2文本Narrator: Listen to a conversation between a student and his music history professor.Student: Um, Professor Jenkins. The listening journal you assigned us to keep for the Intro to World Music class, well, I am not sure I understand what to do.I listened to the pieces you assigned this week more than once, but when I tried to write about them, I didn’t know what to say.Professor: Well, it’s not easy to write about music, even for people who are supposedly expert at it.Student: That makes me feel a little better. But I am just not familiar with how you keep a listen ing journal. I’ve kept journals for other classes, summarizing and writing about how I felt about readings.Professor: Well, a listening journal isn’t all that different, I want you to note your feelings about musical compositions too.Student: OK. There were pieces I like more than others, but I think you want our comments to be a little more…I don’t know, analytical. Right?Professor: Well, whether you like a piece or not is important, but you should be able to explain why you like a particular piece and be able to talk about its historical and musical context. Actually, the listening journal is a tool to help you listen to music actively, to think about what you are hearing.Student: Maybe I am finding it difficult because I am not real familiar with most of the music you assigned. I mean, if it’s hip-hop or something I listen to with my friends…Professor: Sure, because hip-hop is a form that’s familiar and meaningful to you. But you’ll see as the semester progresses and you start learning more about musical forms, you’ll become a more adept listener. And you’ll start noticing patterns.Student: OK. So the songs we listened to this week, the …the Canto?Professor: The Cante jondo. You remember we said it means “deep song” in Andalusian Spanish? Not only because it’s sung in a deep register, but also becauseit’s a song about deeper or serious matters, certainly not lighthearted.Student: Really? Hmm…I guess I didn’t catch the double meaning. That’s kind of cool. But anyway, even with the translations you ga ve us for the lyrics and everything, I don’t know, I could tell it’s sad, but I wasn’t trying to analyze it, from a musical perspective that is.Professor: OK. So this is what you should do. Go back and listen to the song selection and this time pay attention to the melody, to repetition, to the …Student: There was plenty of that.Some parts sounded like the same note played over and over again.Professor: That’s exactly the kind of observation you would record in a listening journal.So, melody repetition, rhythm, how the piece is structured, as well as your reasons for liking or disliking it.You know what? I thought everyone was clear about this, but you’ve just given me a great idea. I am going to draw up a list of questions everyone should keep in mind when they are writingtheir journals. Other students may be having the same problem you are having.托福TPO29听力Conversation2题目1.Why does the student go to see the professor?A. To explain why he may need to hand in an assignment late.B. To get instructions on how to complete an assignment.C. To discuss a type a type of music his class is studying.D. To ask if he can choose the music to write about in a listening journal.2.What does the student describe as challenging?A. Comparing contemporary music to earlier musical forms.B. Understanding the meaning of songs that are not written in English.C. Finding the time to listen to music outside of class.D. Writing critically about musical works.。
4月29日雅思听力真题答案及解析为了方大家学习，店铺将在雅思考试结束后及时搜集并整理学员回忆版2017年4月29日雅思听力考试真题及答案解析的相关内容，供广大考生查看4月29日雅思听力真题答案及解析2017年4月29日雅思听力考试真题答案及解析(学员回忆版)S1：顾客关于冰箱的投诉;S2：在一个模仿Iron Age生活方式的主题公园(类似)的生活;S3：男女学生关于环境问题的研究讨论;S4：关于英国摄影师的展览的介绍雅思技巧：雅思听力心得一次只看一个session在IELTS听力考试方面，除了老师上课介绍的对实际应用很有帮助的心得之外(如：碰到不会写的单词往简单处想，已经读过去了的题目要放弃等)，我说说几点经验：1. 考试时切记要放松而集中，过于紧张是会降低自己的反应能力的。
2. 每个session前面的一点时间务必只看将要听到的那个session 的内容，若是看完一遍就再看一遍加深印象，不要看后面的session，以免搞乱思维。
3. 预读有句子的题目时(句子填空或者简答)，一定要非常清楚地知道句子在讲什么内容。
这一点我可能与老师的观点有点不同，老师建议的是圈出要害词，例如When，Jack之类的，然后估计回答或选择的将会是什么内容。
而我预读这类题目的时候，即使不能使自己对整句话的含义都理解得非常透彻，也要很清楚它整句话是什么意思。
以便听到相关内容把握到含义之后能够准确作答。
假如预读题目时间不够的话没有其他办法，只有提高阅读速度。
我本次的听力考试session 4的最后一题就令我非常吃惊，题型居然是Paraphrase后的Summary填空!一共有两段大概一百来字的样子。
幸好我及时把整段读完并每句意义印记在心里，听到答案的时候能把握住。
4. IELTS的题目答案都是按照题号顺序的。
若有些填图题听的时候觉得好几样东西乱七八糟的话，按照它们对话中出现的顺序填入题号的顺序通常都会对的。
5. 听到与答案相关的内容时，无论是否确定是答案，都可以先写在试卷相应题目四周，记下来总比没记下来好。
2018年3月11日托福真题回忆及解析备考托福的时候我们可以找一些历年的真题来参考，看看考试内容，重点，还有答题思路，下面小编给大家带来2018年3月11日托福真题回忆及解析，希望大家喜欢。
2018年3月11日托福听力真题回忆及解析(精准)Conversation 1话题分类：课外活动场景内容回忆：排球场被艺术课展品占了参考听力TPO 16 Conversation 1Conversation 2话题分类：论文作业场景内容回忆：学生找教授询问上课时的一个疑惑，上课时教授提到我们可以观察动物的睡觉行为，学生很困惑如何观察，教授说我们现在有仪器可以观察，而且仪器很小，并且只有1.5公斤重。
然后学生说到她想参与这种项目，教授鼓励说她可以但是需要申请，说到本校资金有限，但是教授提到他也在亚利桑那大学参与了一个项目，没准可以。
参考听力TPO 20 Conversation 2;TPO 19 Conversation 1Conversation 3话题分类：图书馆场景内容回忆：女生采访快退休的图书馆管理员参考听力：TPO 27 Conversation 1Conversation 4话题分类：学习规划场景内容回忆：学生去找院长申请一个campus program，想为学院设立一个信息中心，为一年级学生找工作提供便利，但是院长说学校不是有网站可以给学生提供这样的信息，但是学生说不太合适，院长又说这得花钱，建议学生先提交一个预算。
参考听力：TPO 34 Conversation 2;TPO 18 Conversation 1Conversation 5话题分类：校园生活场景内容回忆：一个女生和cafeteria工作人员建议设计个app，女生和cafeteria的工作人员提建议，工作人员夸了这个女生。
女生表示我来给你个意见，现在的学生关心的是食物从来哪的、营养如何，管理员说以前学生只关心how much，女生表示这是一种另类的how much，管理员说学生可以在网站上查啊，女生：你们网站字太小，需要个app，我同学可以做。
TPO29 听力解析Conversation‐1What is the conversation mainly about?A. What the deadline to register for a Japanese class is.B. Why a class the woman chose may not be suitable for her .C. How the woman can fix an unexpected problem with her class schedule.D. How first‐year students can get permission to take an extra class.答案：C解析：女生说：I am kinda confused about my schedule ....On class I registered for is missing. 说明女生的课程表有问题。
Why does the man tell the woman that Japanese classes are popular?A. To imply that a Japanese class is unlikely to be canceled.B. To explain why the woman should have registered for the class sooner.C. To encourage the woman to consider taking Japanese.D. To convince the woman to wait until next semester to take a Japanese class.答案：A解析：女生说： Do they cancel it?Assistant: I doubt it. Japanese class is very popular.助理是在解释他为什么觉得女生的假设不正确。
Why does the man ask the woman if she registered for classes online?A. To explain that she should have registered at th e registrar’s office.B. To find out if there is a record of her registration in the computer.C. To suggest a more efficient way to register for classes.D. To determine if she received confirmation of her registration.答案：D解析：Assistant：You registered online, right? Did you get confirmation letter?说明助手问她注册方式的原因是想确认她是否收到了确认信。
What does the man suggest the woman do?Click on 2 answers.A. Put her name on a waiting list.B. Get the professor to sign a form granting her permission to take the class.C. Identify a course she could take instead of Japanese.D. Speak to the head of the Japanese department.答案：BC解析：女生说我要去 get professor’s signatureAssistant: Well, you do对应选项 BAssistant: Well, if not, you have to find a different class.对应选项 CWhat does the man imply when he points out that the woman is a first‐year student?A. The woman has registered for too many classes.B. The woman should not be concerned if she cannot get into the Japanese class.C. The woman should not register for advanced‐level Japanese classes yet.D. The woman should only take required courses at this time.答案：B解析：Assistant: Yes, but according to our records, you are only in your first year here. If you don’t take class this semester, you still get time.也就是说 assistant认为女生还有很多时间去上语言课，不必太着急。
Lecture 1What does thhe professor mainly discuss?A. Cause of soil diversity in old‐growth forestsB. The results of a recent research study in a Michigan forestC. The impact of pedodiversity on forest growthD. How forest management affects soil diversity答案：A解析：Professor: But now I wanna discuss what is called pedodiversity......Ok. There were 3 different causes of pedodiversity.剩下的部分教授讲的就是 3个 causes，也就是 lecture的主要内容。
According to the professor, in what way is the soil in forested areas generally different from soil in other areas?A. In forested areas, the soil tends to be wamer and moister.B. In forested areas, the chemistry of the soil changes more rapidly.C. In forested areas, there is usually more variability in soil types.D. In forested areas, there is generally more acid in the soil.答案：C解析： A lot of different types of trees in an area might mean more pedodiversity.也就是在森林里有 more pedodiversity。
What does the professor suggest are the three main causes of pedodiversity in the old‐growth hardwood forests she discusses?Click on 3 answers.A. The uprooting of treesB. The existence of gapsC. Current forest‐management practicesD. Diversity of tree speciesE. Changes in climatic conditions答案：ABD解析：听三个主旨句，第一个是 species。
第二个是 another cause？后面的 gaps。
第三个是 Okay， and the third cause后面的 uprooting of trees。
Why does the professer mention radiation from the Sun?A. To point out why pits and mounds have soil with unusual propertiesB. To indicate the reason some tree species thrive in Michigan while others do notC. To give an example of a factor that cannot be reproduced in forest managementD. To help explain the effects of forest gaps on soil答案：D解析：For instance, without a tree to absorb radiation from the sun, tool for shade, the full intensity of that radiation reaches the ground. The soil where the tree used to be heats up. And without a tree to soak up moisture from the ground, the soilremains wetter than in the surrounding forest. With a high temperature and more moist conditions, the process of organic matter decompositions beats up.这些话是在解释 gap的作用。
Why does the professor consider pedodiversity an important field of research?A. It has challenged fundamental ideas about plant ecology.B. It has led to significant discoveries in other fields.C. It has implications for forest management.D. It is an area of study that is often misunderstood.答案：C解析： And when we better understand pedodiversity, we will be better able to predict the impact of forest management on soil.Why does the professor give the students an article to read?A. To help them understand the relationship between forest dynamics and pedodiversityB. To help them understand how to approach an assignmentC. To provide them with more information on pits and moundsD. To provide them with more exposure to a controversial aspect of pedodiversity答案：A解析：I want you to read it because it makes the point I only touched on..........As the article explains, forest dynamics affects pedodiversity.也就是关于 forest dynamics与 pedodiversity的关系。
