2009高考英语单项填空干扰点解题技巧
干扰设计之一：利用思维定势
利用思维定势的影响来设题，这是最容易让考生上当的题。因为考生背记了许多语法规则和词的固定搭配，做题时只注意这些熟悉的语法规则和局部固定搭配，往往在没有完全弄清整个题干意思是就作出了选择，结果当然出错。
例如：
1. Which do you enjoy_______ your spare time, playing cards at home or taking
a walk in the park?
A. spending
B. to spend
C. having spent
D. to have spent (同学们对于enjoy后接-ing动词记得很熟，已成定势，所以会不假思索选A, 而实际上此句enjoy的宾语是which, 空白处应填入一个表示目的不定式，故正确选项应为：B)
2.—English has large vocabulary, hasn’t it?
—Yes, _______ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate. （2004上海卷）
A. Know
B. Knowing
C. To know
D. Known
(动词放在句首常见形式不是分词就是不定式，同学们很可能因为这定势思维选B或C, 其实正确选项是A, Do sth. and you will…也是一个常见句型。)
3. The day we had been looking forward to ___ at last.
A. come
B. came
C. coming
D. to come
(looking forward to sth /doing sth.也同学们记得很牢的一个固定搭配，故会不加思索选A，其实空白处缺少的是谓语动词，应填B。此句可译为：我们一直盼望的那一天终于到来了！)
干扰之二：利用汉英差异
英汉在表达习惯，思维方式等方面具有很多不同，命题者常利用汉英差异出题。如汉语的“参加”在许多情况下都适用，如参加会议，参加考试，参加解放军等，而在英语中则因不同的宾语用不同的动词，如: take part in the celebration, attend a meeting, join the army, take an exam, join in a discussion
例如：
1.–It’s getting late. I'm afraid I must be going now.
- OK. ______ .（2004全国卷）
Ａ．Take it easy B. Go slowly C. Stay longer D. See you
（按照中国人习惯，同学们可能要选Ｂ或Ｃ，而正确选项是：D． )
2．Mr. Smith used to smoke but he has given it up . (2004天津卷)
A. seriously
B. heavily
C. badly
D. hardly
（按照汉语习惯，同学们可能要选A或Ｃ，而正确选项是：B． )
４. ---What’s made Tommy so upset?
---I believe ____the game. It shocked him so much.
A. for losing
B. lost
C. losing
D. because of losing
(按照汉语习惯，同学们可能要选A或Ｄ，而正确选项是：C，因为what是对主语提问．回答部分也应该是名词性短语losing the game. )
干扰之三：利用题干惯性
此种类型的题多以对话形式出现，学生答题往往会借助原题干的动词时态和结构等来判断选项，结果造成错选。例如：
1．Few pleasures can equal＿＿of a cool drink on a hot day. (1999全国卷)
A. some
B. any
C. that
D. those
（此句的意思比较清楚：“没有什么快乐能比得上在大热天里喝上一杯冷饮那么惬意”，但同学们在选答时却往往错选D，因为前面有复数名词pleasures，其实a cool drink是单数，指一件事，故正确选项是C。）
2. —You haven't been to Beijing, have you?
—_____.How I wish to go there!
A. Yes, I have
B. Yes, I haven't
C. No, I have
D. No, I haven't
(受题干问话惯性和汉语影响，同学们很容易错选B,其实在英语里无论肯定问句还是否定问句，回答都须根据事实回答，且简略回答要前后一致，故正确选项是D。）3. —Don't forget to come to my birthday party tomorrow．—_____ ．
A．I don't B．I won't C．I cannot D．I haven't
（因为前面有Don’t forget…，同学们受惯性影响在选答时会错选A，而正确选项是B，“我不会的”)
干扰之四：利用形近义词
把相似、相近的词语或结构放在一起作为干扰选项，使基础知识掌握不牢的考生难于区分。例如：
1. The films made by Disney ______ all over the world.
A．are used to show B．are used to showing
C．used to be shown D．used to show
答案C。
干扰之五：巧设语言环境
命题人在题干中不明确将语言时间或空间背景标示出来，而是比较巧妙地隐含在句子中，稍不注意就会错选。例如：
1.The price＿＿, but I doubt whether it will remain so.（1999全国卷）
A. went down
B. will go down
C. has gone down
D. was going down
(I doubt whether it will remain so就是一个很巧妙的语境，说明情况已发生变化，但不知会不会持续下去，故答案是：C )
解题技巧
1．注意分析句子结构，确定选择方向
一个句子所使用的标点符号、有无连词，往往起着决定性的作用；而插入语、省略语等，在一定程度上干扰考生的思维。请比较以下各题：
1．George Orwell, _______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays.
A. the real name
B. what his real name
C. his real name
D. whose real name
（根据题干中的逗号，但无连词的特点，排除A、C项。再根据定语从句的结构选D。）2． some of this juice—perhaps you’ll like it.
A. Trying
B. Try
C. To try
D. Have tried
（根据题中所给信息，可以断定这里的破折号用于解释说明。去掉破折号后面的附加信息，可以看出是个祈使句。故选B）
3．The largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 silver pennies, all of ______ over 600 years old.
A. them
B. which
C. it
D. that
（考生很有可能选B，但仔细分析这个句子，我们不难发现，主句与后面的内容用逗号隔开，而逗号后又不是个完整的句子，不能构成定语从句，只能通过同位语的方式完成句子B）
2．认真分析语境，准确理解和把握信息
在单项填空中，一些词或词组常常含有某个特定的信息，而这些信息往往对分析问题、解决问题起着暗示作用。
例如：
1. —You haven't lost the ticket, have you?
— ______. I know it's not easy to get another one at the moment.
A．I hope not B. Yes, I have C. I hope so D. Yes, I’m afraid so （根据答语的第二句“目前弄到一张票很不容易”的信息提示。故选A）2．Everyone was on time for the meeting — Chris, who's usually ten minutes late for everything.
A. but
B. only
C. even
D. yet
（Everyone是本句的信息词，说明 Chris 也准时参加会议。故选C）
3正确理解句意，避免定势思维
在学习过程中，尤其是复习阶段，教师往往就一些常见的、重要的词、词组及句型加以反复强调，以加深学生的印象，学生因此而可能形成思维的定势。
例如：
1．We're going to ______ with some friends for a picnic. Would you like to join us?
A.get in
B. get over
C. get along
D. get together
（考生很可能选择C项，get along with sb.“与…相处”。但根据句意，此处应为“欢聚”之意。故选D）
2．—I can't find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?
—It was in the hotel ______ he stayed.
A.where
B. which
C. the one
D. that
（此题最大的干扰项是D，考生很可能把它看作强调结构。但根据句意，它要表达的是“在他呆的宾馆里找到他的”。所以，实际上是在stayed后省略了that I found him，即全句可完整地表达为It was in the hotel where he stayed that I found him。故选A）
4．排除母语干扰，规范英语表达
英汉两种语言在表达上存在很大的差异，考生很可能会用汉语的思维方式去认识和解决英语中的问题，掉入命题人设置的陷阱。例如：
1:—Were all the three people in the car injured in the accident?
—No, only the two passengers who got hurt.
A.it was
B. there was
C. there were
D. there had
（考生很可能误选C。因为，考生想表达“不，只有两个人受伤”，很可能用“There be…”结构表达自己的思想。但是，本句实际采用了强调结构，强调“only the two passengers”故选A。）
2．—Excuse me, ________? —That's $35.76 altogether , madam.
A.how much is the meal we've had
B. but can I take your order
C. could I have the bill, please
D. would you please take the money 3．_______, tears came to his eyes.
A.Reading the letter
B. He was reading the letter
C. When he was reading the letter
D. The letter was being read
（句意要表达的是“读着这封信，眼泪都出来了”，每一个选项都有可能成为考生的选择对象。根据解题技巧1，排除选项B、D。又根据分词的结构特点，排除A项，故选C。）
5．巧用逻辑情理法
单项填空象完型填空一样也要以句意通顺、合符逻辑、合符情理为主要选答依据，切勿在未弄清句意的情况下就因为某些固定搭配而上当误选。
例如：
1．. I’m sorry I can’t help _____ the floor of the classroom.
A. sweeping
B. swept
C. to sweep
D. to sweeping
(can’t help doing 是一个固定搭配，意为“禁不住做…”,同学们很可能因此选A。但是can’t help (to) do也是可以的，意为“不能帮助做… ”, 根据句子的意思，此题应选C.)
6．牢记固定短语及句型还原法
在某些复合句中，被修饰的先行词与定语从句中动词可构成固定短语。例如；
1． That was ＿＿＿＿we had in London 3 years ago!
A． wonderful time B． a wonderful time
C． wonderful D． wonderfully
（此句可还原为：We had a wonderful time in London 3 years ago．。可看出该复合句中有一固定搭配had a wonderful time（玩得愉快），定语从句中省略了关系代词that。故答案为B。）
2．I am sorry for the trouble I have put you ______ the problem.
A. to solve
B. of solving
C. to of solving
D. to have solved （本题容易误选A。其实，只要能看出复合句中put sb。to the trouble of doing sth．，就可得出答案C。）
高考英语单项填空常见错题50题 错题再现满分不难 姓名____________ 正确个数________ 1. I have a lot of readings _______ before the end of this term. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to complete 2. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier _______. A. reusing B. to be reused C. reused D. reuses 3. Bats are surprisingly long lived creatures, some _______ a life span of around 20 years. A. had B. having C. to have D. have 4. Peter received an email just now _______ his uncle would come to see him. A. said B. saying C. says D. to say 5. He has never dreamed of _______ so attractive a place in the world. A. there being B. there to be C. there is D. having 6. On receiving a phone call from his wife _______ she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office. A. says B. said C. to say D. saying 7. —Can I help you? —I would like to buy a gift for my mother, _______ at a proper price but of great use. A. that B. which C. one D. it 8. —Say, Jane, will you come with me to the game this Friday? —_______, Bob, but I promised Mary I’d go with her. A. My pleasure B. Take it easy C. Forget it D. Thanks 9. The first lunar roving vehicle Yutu landed on _______ the Chinese thought was where a beautiful fair change lived, the moon, on December 14, 2013. A. its B. whose C. what D. which 10. _______ the incorrect operation of the driver in the emergency, the terrible Dec. 8th accident on the Chengzilu Freeway in Sichuan could have been avoided. A. Due to B. But for C. Except for D. Apart from 11. It was twelve _______ he got home last night, which made his mother angry. A. that B. since C. before D. when 12. —These apples are really quite good. —They _______ be! Just see the price, $ 3.99 a pound. Very expensive, aren’t they?
高中英语完形填空解题技巧和训练 一、首句信息 完形填空通常首句不设空，目的是让考生迅速进入主题，熟悉语言环境，建立正确的思维导向。英语中首句通常是文章的主题句，把握了主旨句对于理解全文和解题很有帮助。 (广东卷) It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The __1__ is based on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by __2__ situation that has designed for the __3__ children. 1. A. principle B. theory C. argument D. classification 2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living 3. A. smart B. curious C. mature D. average 二、注意前后语境，暗示信息 考查考生根据上下文提供的信息进行分析及推理的能力。 考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处通常前后多有暗示。 这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。 （广东卷）“As a matter of fact, I’ve got someone in the office at this very moment who might ___49___.” She wrote down a number, and held it out to me, saying: “Ring up this lady. She wants a cook immediately. In fact, you would have to start tomorrow by cooking a dinner for ten people.” 49. A. hire B. accept C. suit D. offer 三、注意固定搭配，熟记常见句型， 考查考生对常见的英语固定短语和习惯用法的掌握情况。如动词与名词的搭配；动词与介词或副词的搭配；介词与名词的搭配等。这类搭配在高考完形填空中时有出现。 I admired the fact that he would talk to students outside the classroom or talk with them ___44___the telephone. 44. A. with B. by C. from D. on (陕西)The second rich man, seeing the worrying situation, stopped for a short time and gave the villagers all his food and drink, since he could see that money would be of little __34__ to them. 34. A. interest B. concern C. use D. attraction 四、注意词语辨析 考查考生在特定语境中区别近义词的能力。四个选项词性相同，意义相近，要求在特定的语境中区分它们之间的细微差别。一般说来，其中的两个选项容易排除，难辨的是两个。 Although I last met this man eight years ago, I have not forgotten his ___37_ qualities. First of all … 37. A. basic B. special C. common D. particular （全国卷）Once he ___42___ sang a song in class in order to make a point clear. 42. A. also B. nearly C. even D. only
高中英语语法填空技巧及口诀 1英语语法填空技巧 1、名词形式变化 名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。 例：there are many students living at school， the(child)houses are all far from schoo1. 由students一词能够判断出横线处应填复数，且作为houses的定语，所以应用其所有格形式，故答案为child的复合变化形式——复数的 所有格children’s。 2、动词形式变化。 动词的形式变化比较多，有谓语的变化(时态、语态、语气)，有非谓 语的变化(不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词)。 例：a talk(give)tomorrow is written by profess or zhang. 句中的iswritten是整句的谓语，所以横线所在的动词理应用作非谓语。从tomorrow能够看出，报告是“将来”作的，故用不定式;且报 告是give动作的承受者，故能够判断出横线所在处用give的不定式 被动式——to be given。 3、代词形式变化。 代词形式变化通常是与人称变化相关的三大类五小类，即人称代词 (主格和宾格)、物主代词(形容词性和名词性)、反身代词。另外还有 几个不定代词的形式变化，如noone/none、other/another等。 例：the kingd ecided to see the painter by(he). 由介词by能够看出，横线处应填反身代词himself。
4、形容词、副词比较级变化。 英语中绝大部分形容词和表方式的副词都有原级、比较级和级的变化。构成比较级和级的方式，或通过加后缀一er和.est，或在词前 imore/less和most/least，且形容词的级还要冠以the。 例：i am——(tall)than liu wen.he is the tallest students in myclass. 此题后句交代了liuwen是班上的学生，那“我”肯定比他矮，所以 不能用taller，只能用表示水准不如的“lesstall”。 2英语语法填空口诀 1、接不定式作宾语的动词 三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise 两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse 设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide 不要假装在选择：petend，choose 2、句子种类口诀 句子按用途分四大体，陈述疑问感叹和祈使。陈述用来叙述一件事。 疑问主要用来提问题。 祈使表达命令和请求。表达强烈感情感叹句。上述九是句种之定义。 祈使主语you被抛弃。 若将其变成否定形式，动词之前加don’t是正理 3、冠词基本用法 名词是秃子，常要戴帽子， 可数名词单，须用a或an，
I was required to read one of Bernie Siegel’s books in college and was hooked on his positivity from that moment on. The stories of his unconventional 36 and the exceptional patients he wrote about were so 37 to me and had such a big 38 on how I saw life from then on. Who knew that so many years later I would look to Dr. Bernie and his CDs again to 39 my own cancer experience? I’m an ambitious 40 , and when I started going through chemo（化疗）, even though I’m a very 41 person, I lost my drive to write. I was just too tired and not in the 42 . One day, while waiting to go in for 43 , I had one of Dr. Bernie’s books in my hand. Another patient 44 what I was reading and struck up a conversation with me 45 he had one of his books with his as well. It 46 that among other things, he was an eight-year-old writer. He was 47 a published author, and he was currently 48 on a new book. We would see each other at various times and 49 friends. Sometimes he wore a duck hat, and I would tell myself, he was definitely a(n) 50 of Dr. Bernie. He really put a 51 on my face. He unfortunately 52 last year due to his cancer, 53 he left a deep impression on and gave me the 54 to pick up my pen again. I 55 to myself, “ If he can do it, then so can I.” 36. A. tastes B. ideas C. notes D. memories 37. A. amazing B. shocking C. amusing D. strange 38. A. strike B. push C. challenge D. impact 39. A. learn from B. go over C. get through D. refer to 40. A. reader B. writer C. editor D. doctor 41. A. positive B. agreeable C. humorous D. honest 42. A. mood B. position C. state D. way 43. A. advice B. reference C. protection D. treatment 44. A. viewed B. knew C. noticed D. wondered 45. A. while B. because C. although D. providing 46. A. came out B. worked out C. proved out D. turned out 47. A. naturally B. merely C. hopefully D. actually 48. A. deciding B. investing C. working D. relying 49. A. became B. helped C. missed D. visited 50. A. patient B. operator C. fan D. publisher
高考英语单项填空的特点 高考英语的单项填空题部分通常为15 个小题，每个小题由题干和 4 个备选答案组成。题干或是由一问一答构成的一个对话，或是由意义明确的一个或几个句子构成，要求考生从4 个备选答案中选出一个适合空白处的最佳答案。近年高考英语的单项填空题呈现以下特点： 1. 注重实用性，在具体语境中考查常用句型和固定词组注重实用性，在具体语境中考查常用句型和固定词组 A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _____ in the kitchen. (全国卷) A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked 解析：该题考查非谓语动词的用法，把对常用句型的考查融入了情景之中。学生对find sb doing 句型非常熟悉，而本题则考查此句型在被动结构中的应用，这样试题具备了较高的区分度。因现在分词smoking 在句中做主语补足语，故最佳答案为B在句中做主语补足语，故最佳答案为。—Sorry, Joe. I didn’t mean to… —Don’t call me “Joe”. I’m Mr Parker to you, and _____ you forget it! (全国卷) A. do B. didn’t C. did D. don’t 解析：该题考查祈使句的使用。根据语境可知题干部分为祈使句。Mr Parker解析：该题考查祈font-family: 'Times New Roman'">显然对对方在道歉时称呼他为Joe 感到不满，觉得没有受到应有的尊重，提醒对方要注意自己的身份。祈使句通常省略主语，而本题强调说话人强烈的感情色彩，保留了句子的主语you，故最佳答案为D。 2. 重视考查动词，包括动词时态、非谓语动词、情态动词、动词(词组)辨析等 Let’s keep to the point or we _______ any decisions. (全国卷) A. will never reach B. have never reached C. never reach &nng=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 10.5pt; FONT-FAMIL Y: 'Times New Roman'">C. never reach bsp; D. never reached 解析：本题考查时态的正确使用。“祈使句(或名词词组) + and / or + 并列句”是一种常见的句型，and (或or)后的并列句中，谓语动词多用将来时或用情态动词，故最佳答案为A后的并列句中，谓语动词多用将来时或用情态动词，故最佳答案为。 —How about eight o’clock outside the cinema? (全国卷)—That _______ me fine. A. fits B. meets C. satisfies D. suits 解析：本题考查动词的词义辨析。fit 指“(物品)大小合适；(形状)吻合”；meet 指“满足(某
高考英语完形填空 2008年 Evelyn Glennie was the first lady of solo percussion in Scotland. In an interview, she recalled how she became a percussion soloist (打击乐器独奏演员) in spite of her disability. “Early on I decided not to allow the 36 of others to stop me from becoming a musician. I grew up on a farm in northeast Scotland and began 37 piano lessons when I was eight. The older I got, the more my passion (酷爱) for music grew. But I also began to gradually lose my 38. Doctors concluded that the nerve damage was the 39 and by age twelve, I was completely deaf. But my love for music never 40 me. “My41 was to become a percussion soloist, even though there were none at that time. To perform, I 42 to hear music differently from others. I play in my stocking feet and can 43 the pitch of a note (音调高低) by the vibrations (振动). I feel through my body and through my 44. My entire sound world exists by making use of almost every 45 that I have. “I was 46 to be assessed as a musician, not as a deaf musician, and I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London. No other deaf student had 47 this before and some teachers 48 my admission. Based on my performance, I was 49 admitted and went to 50 with the academy’s highest honors. “After that, I established myself as the first f ull-time solo percussionist. I 51 and arranged a lot of musical compositions since 52 had been written specially for solo percussionists. “I have been a soloist for over ten years. 53 the doctor thought was a totally deaf, it didn’t 54 that my passion cou ldn’t be realized. I would encourage people not to allow themselves to be 55 by others. Follow your passion; follow your heart, they will lead you to the place you want to go.” 36. A. conditions B. opinions C. actions D. recommendations 37. A. enjoying B. choosing C. taking D. giving 38. A. sight B. hearing C. touch D. taste 39. A. evidence B. result C. excuse D. cause 40. A. left B. excited C. accompanied D. disappointed 41. A. purpose B. decision C. promise D. goal 42. A. turned B. learned C. used D. ought 43. A. tell B. see C. hear D. smell 44. A. carefulness B. movement C. imagination D. experience 45. A. sense B. effort C. feeling D. idea 46. A. dissatisfied B. astonished C. determined D. discouraged 47. A. done B. accepted C. advised D. admitted 48. A. supported B. followed C. required D. opposed 49. A. usually B. finally C. possibly D. hopefully 50. A. study B. research C. graduate D. progress 51. A. wrote B. translated C. copied D. read 52. A. enough B. some C. many D. few 53. A. However B. Although C. When D. Since
( 一 ) 1. Geoff didn't study law. ______, he decided to become an actor. A. Meanwhile B. Indeed C. Therefore D. Instead 2. —Do you want to listen to this CD again or shall I ______? —I'd like to listen to it again. A. get it back B. hand it out C. put it away D. take it down 3 It is five years since we last ______ from him. A. don't hear B. didn't hear C. have heard D. heard 4. —Not getting that job really let me down. —Don't worry. ______ better will come along. A. Something B. Anything C. Everything D. Nothing 5．You can try second time if you fail first time. A．the; the B．a; the C．a; 不填D．the; 不填 6．She was sleeping on the sofa, the television on. A．with B．for C．over D．through 7．—How do you usually go to school?
高考英语完形填空解题技巧专项训练 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
高考完形填空解题技巧 (I) 完形填空是全国各地高考英语必考题型之一，占20分。题型特征是：一篇短文中间留20 个空格，每个空格给出4个选项，要求从中选出最佳答案填入相应的空格内。由于这种题型既考查学生的语法、词法、句法、习惯用法等英语基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查他们对短文的阅读和理解能力。这种题型综合性较强，因而难度较大。总的来说，完形填空为了测试考生实际应用英语的能力和语感。具体说来，是从语篇角度综合测试考生的阅读理解能力、词汇的掌握和对英语习惯用语的熟悉程度、以及语法规则的灵活运用。因此，本文我就考试出题的三个方向、考试题型和具体解题技巧做了详细阐述： 一、考试出题的大致方向是： 1、词汇：某些词义的识别，同义词辨析。英语习惯用法的熟悉程度。 2、语法结构：语法规则的实际应用。 3、语篇句意：从语篇角度,即上下文和情景语境综合测试考生的阅读理解能力 4. 逻辑推理和生活常识 二、考试题型： （一）词汇题： 单纯地考单词或短语的释义： 1.There can be no question about the value of a safety program. From a financial standpoint alone, safety ____. (‘99) A. comes off B. turns up C. pays off D. holds up 答案：C. 词汇辨析题： 主要是指同义词、近义词的辨析，这类题较难。 2.They are needed for ____ food into energy and body maintenance. (‘96) A. shifting B. transferring C. altering D. transforming 答案：D. 固定短语搭配题： 3.With it, astronauts will acquire a workhouse vehicle ____ of flyingsintosspace and returning many times. (‘92) A. capable B. suitable C. efficient D. fit 答案：A. (二)语法题： 语法结构题，主要是考结构词：代词、介词和从句连接词。 4.Moreover, inaccurate or indefinite words may make ____ difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him. (’94) A. that B. it C. so D. this答案：B. (三)语篇题：
高考英语专题复习 --完形填空解题技巧指导 一.《高中英语课程标准和考试说明》对高考完形填空的规定： 完形填空是高考试题中的一个重要部分。完形填空共20题，考试时间为20分钟左右，分值为30分，占总分的20％。在两篇题材熟悉、难度适中的短文(约350词)内留有20个空格，每个空格为一题，每题有四个选择项，要求考生在全面理解内容的基础上选择一个最佳答案，使短文的意思和结构恢复完整。 完形填空部分的目的是测试学生综合运用语言的能力（测试能力要求大体接近大学非英语专业二年级水平。） 完型填空考查综合运用语言的能力： 1）词语辨析能力2）语法结构分析能力3）语篇理解能力4）逻辑推理能力5）文化背景透析能力 6）生活常识综合运用能力… 二：完型填空试题主要特点： 1. 通常从一篇300-350词左右，文章中设空20个，首句不挖空； 2. 内容完整, 逻辑性强, 语言结构严谨。生词少, 难度适中。 3. 干扰项设计严密.一般情况下，四个选项的词性相同或属于同等或对等范畴，干扰项填入后在语法上一般不存在错误，对考生有很大的迷惑作用； 4.突出语篇(语境)，强调应用，注重交际； 5. 考察重点多为实词: 名词/ 代词/动词/ 形容词/ 副词等；单词为主、短语为辅。 6. 关注语境背景知识, 侧重上下关联, 暗示判断能力。 7.大多富有积极的教育意义，给人以人生的启迪或是充满了生活情趣； 记叙文 对于叙事，描述类文章。短文的首句，往往点明故事发生的人物(who),时间（when），地点(where)，和事件(what)等背景情况。例： It was a busy morning，about 8:30,when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital . …… 议论文 1、议论文的设题往往多以上下文为基础，利用承前信息或滞后信息，使读者有所依托。 2、议论文中表达作者态度或看法的词较多，所以，试题中对形容词和副词的考查往往也较多。问题跳跃性较大。我们做题时，既要看事实，又要感悟作者的态度与情感。 对于论述文，首句表明了论述的主题。起到揭示主题的作用。例如： A man who knows how to write a personal letter has a very powerful tool. A letter can be enjoyed, read and 21 . 说明文 说明文直白性较强，脉络清晰。 2、说明文的层次清晰，整体性强，所以，递进性词汇和名词的设题往往出现得较多。只要把握这些关键，做完形填空便会得心应手，游刃有余。 完形填空总体要求 完形填空全面考查学生的语言知识、阅读理解能力和总体语言水平。
做好高考英语完形填空的14种技巧 1?跳读首尾句进行预测一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句J便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了When J where, who, What，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。 首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对 文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重 要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文 章的脉络与线索。 EVel yn Glennie WaS the first IaCly Of SOIO PerCUSSi On in SCOtIancl .In an in terview, She recalled how She became a PerCUSSi On SOIOiS 打（击乐器独奏演员）in SPite Of her CliSabiIity.本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员EVel yn GIe nnie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想EVeIyn GIe nnie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，EVeIyn GIennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。 2.利用语法分析解题完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的 题目。对于这 类题，考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词（组）的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。如：__ 51 ____ do you SUPPOSe he asked for them? 51 ? A. What B. HOW C. WhO D. WhiCh 【解析】本题中，do you SUPPOSe为插入成分。he asked for them是一个相对独立和完整的句子，因此空格处应该用副词HOW来修饰谓语动词asked,而不能用代词What5 WhO或WhiChO __ 8 ____ I had been born in the 16th CentUry J I WOUICl have had no job. 8.A. BeCaUSe B. While C. If D. SinCe 【解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th CentUry可知这只是个假设 5 是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用if引导。 3.利用固定搭配解题完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和 同义词、近义词 的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语"，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨
2013年高考英语试卷---江苏卷 第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I used to believe in the American Dream, which meant a job, a mortgage (按揭), credit cards, success. I wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else, all of us 36 chasing the same thing. One year, through a series of unhappy events, it all fell 37 . I found myself homeless and alone. I had my truck and $ 56. I 38 the countryside for some place I could rent for the 39 possible amount. I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road 40 the Potomac River in West Virginia. It was 41 , full of broken glass and rubbish. I found the owner, rented it, and 42 a corner to camp in. The locals knew nothing about me, 43 slowly, they started teaching me the 44 of being a neighbor. They dropped off blankets, candles, and tools, and began 45 around to chat. They started to teach me a belief in a 46 American Dream—not the one of individual achievement but of 47 . What I had believed in, all those things I thought were 48 for a civilized life, were nonexistent in this place. 49 on the mountain, my most valuable possessions were my 50 with my neighbors. Four years later, I moved back into 51 . I saw many people were having a really hard time, 52 their jobs and homes. I managed to rent a big enough house to 53 a handful of people. There are four of us now in the house, but over time I’ve had nine people come in and move on to other places. We’d all be in 54 if we hadn’t banded together. The American Dream I believe in now is a shared one. It’s not so much about what I can get for myself; it’s about 55 we can all get by together. 36. A. separately B. equally C. violently D. naturally 37. A. off B. apart C. over D. out 38. A. crossed B. left C. toured D. searched 39. A. fullest B. largest C. fairest D. cheapest 40. A. at B. through C. over D. round 41. A. occupied B. abandoned C. emptied D. robbed 42. A. turned B. approached C. cleared D. cut 43. A. but B. although C. otherwise D. for 44. A. benefit B. lesson C. nature D. art 45. A. sticking B. looking C. swinging D. turning 46. A. wild B. real C. different D. remote 47. A. neighborliness B. happiness C. friendliness D. kindness
高考英语单项填空知识点总结复习（含答案精品） 高考单项填空题所考察的语言知识点多，覆盖面广，且突出语境化因素，旨在考查考生记忆、理解、掌握中学阶段所学基础语法、基本词汇以及习语的熟练程度和灵活运用语言的能力。考生除了必须具备扎实的基础外，还要有科学的解题方法。 1.句子结构还原法 英语中的许多句子会以各种结构出现，如倒装句，强调句等。试题还常以变化句型的方式来增加语境和句子结构的复杂性。因此考生平时就留意它们的特征，透过复杂的语言环境，结合语法分析看透题目的意图。正确的方法有： 1）将疑问句、感叹句还原为陈述句 (1) What great difficulty we had_____ her! A. persuade B. to persuade C. persuading D. persuaded 分析：C。易选D。此句考查感叹句式。可先将此句还原为陈述句式：We had great difficulty______ her.由have difficulty(in) doing sth.知C项符合条件。 (2) Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 分析：A。易选D，考生依据常见搭配the reason why；处理此题首先应该将句子还原为正常语序，即：this is the reason_____ at the meeting ...。he explained前省略了一个that，that引导的是一个定语从句。
高考英语阅读理解题的特点及解题技巧 一、阅读理解题的选材与命题特点 近几年的高考英语试卷保持了“稳中有变，变中求新，立足语篇”的基本命题思路。在阅读理解方面主要考查考生理解主旨要义、理解文中具体信息、根据上下文推断词义、根据短文判断和推理、理解文章的基本结构以及理解作者的意图与态度等方面的能力。现以近几年高考全国卷I为例，谈谈阅读理解题的选材及命题特点。 1. 对语篇领悟能力的检测仍是高考的重点和基本点 高考英语阅读理解着重检测考生对语篇的整体把握能力、根据所提供的语境进行语篇分析的能力以及综合利用有效信息解决实际问题的能力。在近几年的高考中，涉及较低能力要求的事实性和细节性考题的比例虽呈上升趋势，但词义猜测、推理判断和主旨概括等深层次试题仍占很大比重。 2. 选材更趋多样化、现代化和生活化，突显语言与文化相结合的特点 就体裁而言，阅读材料所选择的文段涉及叙述体、论说体和应用体等多种文体；选材风格保静予连续性，既注重题材的多样化、现代化和生活化，又较为综合地反映了政治、经济、文化和生活的各个方面，贴近生活，贴近时代，体现了“语言是文化的载体”这一重要理念。 3. 适当降低读速及难度要求，提高试题的信息含量，体现新课程的理念 近几年阅读理解题的阅读量总体呈回落趋势，比如，2006年全国卷I的读速略有降低，但近年来阅读速率要求均在50---57wpm之间；难度系数适当降低，注重考查考生获取、分辨、整合、加工和表述信息的能力。 4. 阅读材料更趋于“原汁原味”，设问方式更加深入 阅读材料基本保留了其原有的语言风格，文章的展开不再是平铺直叙，而是兼有倒叙、插叙等多种方式；一词多义、熟词生义、多种时态的混用、结构复杂的长句、省略句以及插入语等语言现象比较常见。阅读材料的文化含量加大，文章的行文风格更具英语语言的特点，文章的遣词造句也更加地道，许多考生通常要反复阅读几遍才能读懂。 二、阅读理解题答案与干扰项关系的分析 正确的选项往往是命题人员把阅读材料的内容或信息用不同的语言形式再现出来。一般而言，答案项的设置有以下几种方法：(1) 选用原文中的词句；(2) 使用原文词句的同义词或相似结构； (3) 使用原文词句的反义词或相反结构；(4) 答案项是对生词、长句或难旬的解释；(5) 答案项是对原文词句或段落的归纳、 推理或演绎；(6) 使用原文的上下义结构，如用“科学”涵盖“计算机、航天、发明、电子”等概念。