Unit 8 Business Success
Part I Getting ready
Exercise B.
Keys:
1. 90-149 pounds
2. 465 pounds
3. 240 pounds
4. 46 pounds
5. 835 pounds
Tapescript:
Hubert: Good morning.
Usugi: Good morning.
Hubert: Can I help you?
Usugi: Er, thank you but I'm just looking at the moment.
Hubert: Yes, please do. Have you come across our product before?
Usugi: I think I have heard of them, yes.
Hubert: We are relatively new but Golf Pro is acquiring a reputation very quickly. We have become world leaders in metal woods.
Usugi: Really? Well, actually I am quite interested in metal woods. Could you tell me what the prices are in this range?
Hubert: Of course. The prices start at 90 pounds and they go up to 149 pounds.
Usugi: Did you say 149 pounds?
Hubert: Yes, that's right. I wonder if you would be interested in our new range of ladies' clubs as well?
Usugi: Well, possibly. Do you think you could give me the prices?
Hubert: Yes. The range is called Golf Pro Lady and the full set of nine irons comes to 465 pounds.
Woods, the set of three is 240 pounds and putters are 46 pounds each.
Usugi: So, that was 46 pounds each, wasn't it?
Hubert: Yes, 46 pounds each.
Usugi: Right, thank you, do you have some information about your top of the range full set of clubs as well?
Hubert: Of course. That is our Golf Pro X. This is real state-of-the-art when it comes to professional clubs. The set of nine irons comes to 835 pounds. Very reasonable I think you'll agree. Usugi: Mmm, not bad.
Hubert: Would you like to try one out in the practice area?
Usugi: Er, no thank you. I'm afraid I don't have time at the moment. But I would like to read some more about your products.
Hubert: Of course. Here are some of our latest brochures with up-to-date information on the full ranges. And also my card.
Usugi: Thank you.
Hubert: Please contact me if you need any more information.
Part II Witty Ways to Success
Exercise B.
Key words Dos Don’ts
First impression about three
1 or
2 pumps
be firm but not crushing
at waist level the limp handshake
the bone-crusher
the two-handed handshake
down up
E-mail business format
e-mail buttons
carbon copy (cc)Sensitive; conflict Casual
smiley face; winking capitalizing
carbon copy (cc) the boss
People management praise; criticize
mind reading
return your phone call
cop to
You love your job, you work hard, put in the extra hours, and think you’re on the fast track to success. But did you realize that bad manners could derail your career overnight?
Cynthia Lett (Career Consultant): Skills are exceptionally important. However, if you can’t present yourself in a way that others would want to listen to you, and to work with you on a daily basis, then it’s going to be a different situation for you in business, and that’s what etiquette is.
The experts say there are tried and tested tips and tricks to smooth over even the most awkward etiquette moments. And while some of them may seem like common sense, when it comes to office behavior, you better over all your bases.
Key Word: First Impression
The first step to avoiding the pink slip, make a strong first impression. Imagine. You only have seconds to determine how successful you’ll be in business. Well, it happens every time you meet someone new.
Cynthia: The first impression is made in the first five seconds. They are absolutely critical. And the reason they are critical is because, as human beings, we don’t like to be wrong. So, once we have made a judgment about somebody, we hold on to it for dear life.
Your first impression starts with the handshake. In the business world, a bad handshake can signify that you’re a loser. Make sure you don’t practice any of Cynthia’s less than impressive greetings.
Cynthia: The limp handshake, the pumper, the bone-crusher, the two-handed handshake.
Okay, enough with what not to do. Better to accentuate the positive. What makes a good handshake? Well, it lasts about three seconds, with one or two pumps from the elbow. It should be firm but not crushing. And it should always be at waist level, never too fat above or below.
If you’re introducing the new secretary to the CEO, remember this rule. Introduce down, not up. So repeat after me, “Mr. CEO, I’d like to introduce you to the new secretary,” not the other
way around.
Key Word: E-mail
Now that you’ve mastered the first five seconds, what about the rest of your career? Each day, over four hundred forty million mailboxes receive nearly 12 billion e-mails, each one a distinct opportunity to trip up your skyward corporate climb.
Michelle Conlin(Editor, Business Week): Never, ever deal in e-mail with anything that’s either sensitive or could lead to a conflict.
This may seem obvious, but with e-mail, small beefs get blown up into earthshaking crises, because the “people factor” is removed.
And one thing to always avoid if you want to be taken seriously, a casual tone.
Michelle: People really get tripped up because e-mail has kind of this free-form nature, but whenever you’re using e-mail in a business sense, you must keep to business format.
That means you should save he smiley face and the winking emotions for your kids’ e-mail. They have no place in business communications.
Also, don’t try to emphasize a point by capitalizing. Typing in all caps means YOU’RE YELLING!
And what about the dreaded carbon copy feature? Only use it when you’re scheduling a group of people, let’s say, for a meeting. A big no-no is to cc the boss on everything just to prove that you’re doing work.
Keeping your e-mail buttons straight will stop you from becoming the office dunce.
Key Word: People Management
A 1997 study says that forty percent of new management hires fail in their first job. The reason? Inability to build good relationships with peers and subordinates. So here’s some helpful hints.
Praise in public, criticize in private. A sense of discretion in such matters will not only help build teams, but will also build respect for you.
When it comes o sharing personal issues at work, a rule of thumb is to only share things that you wouldn’t mind reading in tomorrow’s newspaper.
And, perhaps the most basic rule that’s neglected, but according to the experts, has the biggest payoff, always return your phone calls.
Well, by now it ought to be pretty clear, bad office etiquette can really trip you up. Good etiquette can make you the company star.
Our last minute advice – nobody’s perfect, and you’re bound to screw up sometimes. So, if you make that faux pas, cop to it. It’s good etiquette and good office politics.
Cynthia: The act of apologizing many seems to be a way of giving away your power, but in essence, showing that that mistake is important to you to correct increase your power.
Seems simple enough. Now your job is to take these easy steps to office etiquette and put them to good use.
Part III Technology in doing business
Exercise A.
Keys:
1. technologies; efficiency and sales
2. in the digital world
3. computer internet
4. electronic commerce; consumers
5. embrace; die
B. Keys:
1. F
2. T
3. F
4. F
5. T
Tapescript:
Many analysts say the revolution in technology will cause a revolution in the way companies do business. Among those experts is Bill Gates, founder of the Microsoft Company and widely regarded as one of the most influential men in the computer industry. The Microsoft founder recently discussed his ideas in New York.
Bill Gates says most businesses are still not taking advantage of existing technologies to increase efficiency and sales. He believes the majority of companies are receiving only about 20% of the advantages they could gain through technology.
"If you just have the PCs in a company, and mainly what you're doing is sharing some files, and creating documents with them and not running the fundamental information flow through those PCs, then the value you are losing is greater than the value you are receiving. It's still probably a worthwhile investment."
Mr. Gates says many business leaders have sought his ideas on the effective use of technology and he responded with a new book titled Business at the Speed of Thought. He believes all businesses must learn to operate in the digital world.
"I think that, in most industries, if you keep trying to do business the way you've done it… in the past, that's going to create a real problem because you won't be as responsive, you won't be as efficient, as the people who are embracing the new approaches. We're seeing an incredible number of new start-ups coming into businesses, taking the interest as given, assuming that the information is there and they can reach out to their customers in this new way."
Bill Gates discussed his ideas at a recent entertainment industry conference sponsored by a Variety Magazine and the Schroeder Investment Company. He told the meeting the computer internet is actually redefining what a market is. He gave an example of a highly specialized business which has used the internet to expand its market.
"There's a small company up in Wisconsin, that refurbishes old phones, or sells really old phones. Now that's a business that they couldn't have been in the old world because in any city they put a store in, they just wouldn't find enough customers. Because on the internet, they have a whole world, who happens to want this able to find them, their business is growing, they are hiring new people, and you know, it's kind of a… a specialized business. So that's a really profound thing because it wouldn't have been possible without the Internet there to form the new marketplace."
Microsoft Chairman Bill Gates believes electronic commerce will grow rapidly in the next decade. That, he says, will give new power to consumers.
"I have no doubt that in terms of the consumer benefits here, it's unquestioningly going to be dramatic. You'll be a more informed buyer even when you don't go and do the purchase itself on the Internet."
Mr. Gates says technology is making and will continue to make fundamental changes in the way business is conducted. As he sees it, companies can embrace those changes with enthusiasm, or ignore them and die.
Statements:
1. Bill Gates believes most companies receive only 12% of the advantages they could gain through technology.
2. If a company uses PCs only for files and documents, it will make far less money than it could otherwise.
3. Bill Gates' new book is entitled Business at the Speed of Technology.
4. The entertainment industry conference was sponsored by a variety of magazines.
5. As technology continues to develop, the consumer will become a more and more informed buyer.
Part IV More about the topic: How to Improve Your Executive Image?
Exercise A.
Keys.
1. d
2. c
3. a
4. b
5. a
Tapescript:
To close the credibility gap, Knapp showed us the right way to stand when speaking to groups. Jacket buttoned, feet fairly closed but angled open so that you seem alert and in control. He also demonstrated various ways that people hold their hands. At the sides, too rigid. The bishops clasped, at the waist, acceptable. The fig leaf position, too low, a sign of weakness. Arms crossed, very bad, defensive and combative. Knapp recommended using hand gestures every 15 to 30 seconds for emphasis. He had us stand up and practice a few together. Gesturing in unison to 4 to 5 phrases like “The point is this …”, and “I said, we need more production.” To prove the correctness or inadequacies of certain positions, Knapp kept citing his own experience in corporate board rooms or evidence from behavioral science, “Don’t let the fingers point down”, he instructed, “because that has negative psychological implications.” Having looked at some t ypical research on body language myself, I do not think that the field has yet achieved the level of scientific precision that would justify such firm conclusions. During the afternoon section, we learned the proper way to sit at a desk. Don’t lean back, don’t slouch, don’t cross the legs, don’t put your feet on the desk. It communicates strength, but in a crude sort of way. The message seemed to be, if it feels comfortable, don’t do it. One participant asked whether it is really necessary to be so rigid ab out how one behaves in the office. “Not necessarily,” Knapp replied, “but what I’m giving you is what people in authority do.” Discussing the importance of eye contact when talking with other people, Knapp claimed that it creates an image of sincerity, credibility and trust. He made us stand up and greet the person sitting next to us, being sure to give a firm handshake and make strong eye contact, so we did, staring each other in the eyes, sincerely. Part V Do you know…?
Exercise A.
Keys.
1. Ten percent of American workers.
2. Construction, agriculture, communication, retail, manufacturing, engineering and real estate.
3. Her customers’ good will and the friendships she has made at her store.
4. Because women business owners tend to place more emphasis on nurturing the individual employee’s needs.
Tapescript:
Business Week reports that small business is now one of the most dynamic parts of the United States' economy. Currently, one in every ten American workers is employed by businesses owned by women. While service businesses dominate the women owned and operated enterprises. American women are exercising their business talents in many fields. That includes construction, agriculture, communication, retail, manufacturing, engineering and real estate. The National Association of Women Business Owners says its membership has increased 38% since 1991, according to Business Week. In addition to their search for a better synthesis between family and work, women have also been motivated to start their own businesses by layoffs and job barriers that have prevented women from advancing in their careers. But while women have shown success in beginning their own endeavors, their companies tend to be smaller than men's and slower growing. Business Week writer Wendy Zellner says our research leads her to believe that unlike men, women have other priorities than just profit when they start their own businesses.
"It's not so much that… that they don't find, you know, profits and fields growth important. But they tend to rank it, perhaps, you know third or fourth, as opposed to No. 1."
Rochelle Tzbarkas has been the owner for 3 years of a specialty food and spice store in New York City. She says her customers' good will and the friendships she has made at her store are highest on her list of triumphs. It was these friends, she recalls, who offered financial help when she was struggling after her first year to find over $9000 to pay her monthly rent.
"They come in. They sense the power here and… the grit and th e hard work and they see something really beautiful and something worth saving."
While women's small businesses may struggle more financially than men's during the company's early years, Business week says, women owned businesses are probably more stable and safer companies for which to work. The National Foundations for Women Business Owners found that 15% of women owned businesses showed job losses as opposed to 23% of all businesses. Female proprietors, Business week reports, tend to place more emphasis on nurturing the individual employee's needs. If those needs are satisfied, they reason, the company should benefit in the long run. Women owned businesses are considered more likely to offer their employees education reimbursement, flexible schedules, profit sharing at an earlier stage of the company's life and help with child care costs.
大学英语5听力上海外语教育出版社 lesson 1 partA problems facing foreign students Today I'd like to talk about some of the problems that students face when they follow a cource of study through the medium of English--if English is not their mother tongue. The problems can be divided into three broad categories: psychological ,cultural and linguistic. The first two categories mainly affect those who come to study in Britain from Asia and Africa.I'll come to comment only briefy on these two categories and then spend most of the time looking at linguistic difficulties which apply to everyone. some of the common psychological problems really involve fear of unknown: for example,whether one's academic studies will be too difficult.Looking at the cultural problems,we can see that some of them are very practical nature, for example , arranging satisfactory accommodation.Others are less easy to define.
高中英语听力模拟训练（十一） http:///res/2007-12-28/r291382.htm l 请点击此地址下载播放器播放英语听力 听力理解 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the man live? A. In New York. B. In Boston. C. In Washington. 2. What will the man do first? A. Tidy his room. B. Go on a picnic. C. Wear clothes. 3. Why can’t the man meet the woman on Monday? A. He will give a talk about the new office. B. He will go to Seattle. C. He will have a meeting. 4. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Ask someone else to go with her. B. Go to a different restaurant. C. Go to the restaurant ahead. 5. What does the man mean? A. He didn’t catch the flight. B. He nearly missed the flight. C. He was 25 minutes late for the flight. 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6. For how long is each student allowed to use the computer a day? A. Several minutes. B. One hour. C. A couple of hours. 7. How do some students feel about their keeping machines a bit longer? A. They don’t care. B. They feel unhappy. C. They feel worried. 8. What do the speakers plan to do tomorrow? A. Forbid students to use the computers. B. Give out a notice to solve the problem. C. Allow students to use the computers for longer hours. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?
大学英语教学大纲(适用于本科各专业)
《大学英语》教学大纲 课程英文名称：College English 课程编号： 课程类型：公共必修课 学时：256 学分：16 适用专业：全院本科各专业 一、课程的性质和任务 大学英语课程是本科院校学生必修的公共基础课程。 大学英语教学的任务和目标是：经过256学时的教学，培养学生的英语综合应用能力，特别是听说能力，使他们在今后学习、工作和社会交往中能用英语有效地进行交际，同时增强其自主学习能力，提高综合文化素养，以适应我国社会发展和国际交流的需要。 二、教学的基本要求 根据本校学生的实际，参照《大学英语课程教学要求》中所规定的“一般要求”特制定本要求。在达到本基本要求的同时，鼓励那些英语基础较好而且学有余力的学生结合自身实际，向较高要求或更高要求努力。 学完本课程后，学生应达到如下几方面的基本要求： 1.听力理解能力：能听懂英语授课，能听懂日常英语谈话和一般性题材的讲座，能听懂语速较慢(每分钟130~150词)的英语广播和电视节目，能掌握其中心大意，抓住要点。能运用基本的听力技巧。 2.口语表达能力：能在学习过程中用英语交流，并能就某一主题进行讨论，能就日常话题用英语进行交谈，能经准备后就所熟悉的话题作简短发言，表达比较清楚，语音、语调基本正确。能在交谈中使用基本的会话策略。 3.阅读理解能力：能基本读懂一般性题材的英文文章，阅读速度达到每分钟70词。在快速阅读篇幅较长、难度略低的材料时，阅读速度达到每分钟100词。能就阅读材料进行略读和寻读。能借助词典阅读本专业的英语教材和题材熟悉的英文报刊文章，掌握中心大意，理解主要事实和有关细节。能读懂工作、生活中常见的应用文体的材料。能在阅读中使用有效的阅读方法。 4.书面表达能力：能完成一般性写作任务，能描述个人经历、观感、情感和发生的事件等，能写常见的应用文，能在半小时内就一般性话题或提纲写出不少于120词的短文，内容基本完整，中心思想明确，用词恰当，语意连贯。能掌握基本的写作技能。 5.翻译能力：能借助词典对题材熟悉的文章进行英汉互译，英汉译速为每小时约300个英语单词，汉英译速为每小时约250个汉字。译文基本准确，无重大的理解和语言表达错误。 6.推荐词汇量：掌握的词汇量应达到约4795个单词和700个词组(含中学应掌握的词汇)，其中约2000个单词为积极词汇，即要求学生能够在认知的基础上在口头和书面表达两个方面熟练运用的词汇。
第一部分 1.Woman: This is my family. I'm married. My husband's name is Bill. We have two children — a boy and a girl. Our little girl is six years old, and our little boy is four. Jennie goes to kindergarten, and Aaron goes to nursery school. My father lives with us. Grandpa's great with the kids. He loves playing with them and taking them to the park or the zoo. 2.Man: This is a picture of me and my three sons. We're at a soccer game. Orlando is twelve, Louis is ten, and Carlos is nine. All three of them really like sports. Orlando and Louis play baseball. Carlos is into skating. 3.Man: This is my wife June, and these are my three children. Terri on the right is the oldest. She's in high school. She's very involved in music. She's in the orchestra. Rachel — she's the one in the middle — is twelve now. And this is my son Peter. He's one year older than Rachel. Rachel and Peter are both in junior high school. Time really flies. June and I have been married for twenty years now. 4.Woman: This is a picture of me with my three kids. The girls, Jill and Anne, are both in high school. This is Jill on the right. She'll graduate next year. Anne is two years younger. My son Dan is in college. It seems like the kids are never home. I see them for dinner and sometimes on Saturday mornings, but that's about it. They're really busy and have a lot of friends. 第二部分 John: It's super, Mary. It's just what I wanted. Mary: Well, I know you said your old calculator was no good any more. John: Well, it wasn't that it was no good. It just wouldn't do all the things I need to do at work. And it certainly wouldn't remember telephone numbers for me like this one. Mary: I suppose you're going to start putting in numbers straightaway. John: I've put in one while we've been chatting. I've put in our solicitor's number. You know how often I need to call him on company contracts. Mary: So what others are you going to put in?
一、Passage A Translation 无名英雄：职业父亲意味着什么？ 在我们的孪生女儿出生后的第一次“约会”时，我和丈夫一起去看了一部名为《玩具总动员》的电影。我们很喜欢这部片子，但随后我丈夫问道：“父亲在哪儿呢？”起初我还认为因为一个小小的失误而批评一部很吸引人的家庭影片似乎是太偏狭了。可后来越想越觉得这一疏忽太严重了。父亲不仅没有出现，他甚至没有被提到——尽管家中有婴儿，说明父亲不可能离开太长时间。影片给人的感觉是，父亲出现与否似乎是个极次要的细节，甚至不需要做任何解释。 新闻媒体倾向于把父亲边缘化，这只是一个例子，它反映了在美国发生的巨大的社会变化。大卫·布兰肯霍恩在《无父之国》一书中将这种倾向称之为“无需父亲”观念。 职业母亲（我想这应是与无职业母亲相对而言的）奋斗的故事从媒体上无尽无休地轰击着我们。与此同时，媒体上绝大多数与父亲有关的故事又集中表现暴力的丈夫或没出息的父亲形象。看起来似乎父亲唯一值得人们提及的是因为他们做家务太少而受到指责的时候（我怀疑这一说法的可靠性，因为“家务”的定义中很少包括打扫屋顶的雨水沟，给汽车换机油或其他一些典型的由男人们做的事），或者是在他们去世的时候。当布兰肯霍恩先生就“顾家的好男人”一词的词义对父亲们进行调查时，许多父亲都回答，这一词语只有在葬礼上听到过。 这种“无需父亲”综合征的一个例外是家庭全职父亲所受到的媒体的赞扬。我并非暗指这些家庭全职父亲作出的承诺不值得人们的支持，我只是想指出正在实际生效的双重标准：家庭全职父亲受到人们的赞扬，而家庭全职母亲和养家糊口的父亲，所得到文化上的认同却很少，甚至完全得不到。 我们用来讨论父亲的角色（即没出息的父亲）的话语本身就显示出人们对大多数男人默默无闻而自豪地履行对家庭的责任缺乏赏识。我们几乎从来没听到“职业父亲”这一说法，在人们呼吁应该给予工作者在工作地点上更大的灵活性时，很少有人认为这种呼吁不但适用于女性，同样也适应于男性。我们这个社会表现出的是，似乎家庭职责对父亲来说并不像对母亲那么重要——似乎事业上的满足就是男人生活的全部。 更让人感到侮辱的是最近媒体的这种倾向，即把家庭主妇看成是一种“地位的象征”——就像一辆名贵的汽车，据说只有少数男人才享受得起这种奢侈与豪华。这暗示家里有家庭主妇的男人比那些妻子在外工作的男人日子过得更舒适，因为他们拥有全职管家这种“奢侈品”。然而，实际上作为家庭唯一挣钱者的男人要承受很多压力。当他们的那份工作是家庭收入的唯一来源的时候，失业，或者甚至只不过是受到失业的威胁，对他们而言也构成了巨大的困难。同样，家庭唯一的工资收入者在想辞去不太满意的工作时，其灵活程度也要小一些，因为这种工作变换会使他们失去收入。此外，为了给家庭挣更多的钱，许多丈夫超时工作或兼做第二职业。对于这些男人来说，正是这份工作所支撑的家庭，使他们觉得值得付出。
Unit 5 Task 1 【答案】 A. 1) a, 2) a B. 1) T, 2) F 【原文】 Stephen: Well, there you are, Mikko. “Passengers Only.” That’s you. Mikko: Mr. Johnson, thank you very much for bringing me to the airport. Stephen: A pleasure, old boy. Petros: He wants to make sure you leave, Mikko. Stephen: Petros! Don’t say that! It was a pleasure having him. Petros: Just teasing. See you at Christmas, Mikko. Mikko: Don’t forget to come, now. And don’t forget some warm clothes and don’t… Oh, no! I left my tennis racquet behind. Petros: Don’t worry. I’ll bring it at Christmas. Go on, Mikko. Your planes! Mikko: Mr. Johnson. Er…thank you. And…um…how do you say it? You’ve been very, very kind. And Mrs. Johnson. And Penny. Stephen: Thank you very much, Mikko. Nice of you to say so. Now on your way, old boy. You’ll miss your plane. Petros: Have a good flight. Bye. Task 2 【答案】 A. 1) c, 2) b, 3) a B. 1) F, 2) F 【原文】 Penny, Buck and Tony took off from Greenhill on June 23rd. They flew east and got to the Pacific in September. On the way there they saw a lot of interesting things. They traveled by camel in the desert. They met some Bedouin people there, and lived with them for a few days. They made films and recordings of dances in the Himalaya Mountains, and on the island of Bali. They flew to the mountain of New Guinea and stayed in a village there. Now they are flying over the Pacific Ocean. Tony: Just look at those islands! Real South Sea islands! They’re beautiful, aren’t they? Penny: But look over there. Buck: Oh dear! Bad weather. Tony: Does it often rain like this in the South Seas? Buck: Yes, it does. Penny: We can’t fly in this rain. It’s too dangerous. I’m going to land down there, near that island. Buck: Be careful, Penny.
公共英语>>>大学体验英语（1）责任教师：徐薇 浙江广播电视大学《大学体验英语1》课程教学大纲 普通专科班非英语专业 责任教师：徐薇 为指导浙江广播电视大学非英语专业大学英语教学，特制订本大纲。大纲的各项规定可作为大学英语教学安排、教材编写、教学质量检查的依据。 一、教学对象 本课程为公共英语课，教学对象是浙江广播电视大学非英语专业的学生。 二、教学目的 大学英语教学的目的是，培养学生具有较强的阅读能力和一定的听、说、写、译能力，使他们能用英语交流信息。大学英语教学应帮助学生掌握良好的语言学习方法，打下扎实的语言基础，提高文化素养，以适应社会发展和经济建设的需要。 三、教学要求 本课程采用由宁春岩主编，由高等教育出版社出版的《大学体验英语》系列教材第一册。本课程参照《大学英语教学大纲》对各级的要求，分为1—6级。每级由《综合教程》、《扩展教程》、《听说教程》以及配套的多媒体学习课件、网络课程以及电子教案等组成。教学要求如下： 1、词汇：在二级的基础上掌握550-600单词(其中18%可通过泛读和其他学习项目掌握) 以及由这些单词构成的常用词组。对其中300左右的常用词要求拼写正确，并掌握它们的基本用法。 2、读：精读量:7000-8000词;泛读量:30000-35000词。能正确理解与课文难度相仿的文章。学会基本阅读技能,阅读速度达到每分钟65词。阅读难度略低、生词不超过总词数3%的材料,速度达到每分钟65词,理解准确率以70%为合格。
3、听：能听懂英语讲课及简短会话、谈话和讲座，抓住中心大意、要点和有关细节，领会作者观点和态度。对题材熟悉、句子结构比较简单、基本上没有生词、语速每分钟约120词的听力材料, 两遍可以听懂, 理解准确率以70%为合格。 4、写：能在阅读难度与课文相仿的书面材料时做笔记、回答问题和写提纲，能就一定的话题和提纲在半小时内写出100词左右的短文，能写短信和便条。表达意思清楚，无重大语法错误。 5、说：能进行简单的日常会话, 能就教材内容作简短问答和复述。能就熟悉的话题作简短发言，表达思想基本清楚。 四、教学安排 学期总学时综合教程课程应不少于72学时，每周应不低于4学时。听说课程不少于36学时，每周不低于2学时。地方电大可根据实际情况适当增加学时, 课内外学习时数的比例应不低于1：2。 五、测试 1、测试是检查教学大纲执行情况、评估教学质量的一种有效手段，是获取教学反馈信息的主要来源和改进教学工作的重要依据。语言测试应重点考核学生的语言基础和语言应用能力。测试要做到科学、公平和规范。 2、本课程的测试按教学大纲的要求进行，每学期安排一次，由浙江广播电视大学统一命题。期末测试内容紧密结合所学的教材，尽量结合大学英语水平等级考试的题型。期末测试成绩占学期总成绩的80%。，平时成绩占20%，由地方电大的英语老师给出平时成绩，记入学期总成绩。（平时成绩=形成性考核成绩，由书面作业和口试两部分组成） 3、各地方电大可以统一组织学生参加省内三级水平测试。有条件的电大应组织学生参加四级水平测试。 六、教学原则与方法建议 1、重视打好语言基础，注意提高文化素养。 大学英语教学必须把重点放在打好语言基础上。语言基础包括语言知识和语言应用能力，前者指语音、语法和词汇等方面的知识，后者指综合运用这些知识进行读、听、说、写、译等语言活动的能力。正确的语音语调、扎实的语法、一定的词汇量和熟练的词汇运用能力的提高有助于提高外语学习的效率，有利于提高语言运用能力。语言运用能力的提高又必将促进语言知识的加深和巩固。 大学英语教学还应有助于学生开阔视野，扩大知识面，加深对世界的了解，借鉴和吸收外国文化的精华，提高文化素养。文化与语言有密切的联系，一定的文化背景知识有助于促进语言应用能力的提高。 2、重视培养实际运用语言进行交际的能力。 语言是交际工具，语言教学的最终目标是培养学生以书面或口头方式进行交际的能力。因此，在教学过程中既要传授必要的语言知识，也要引导学生运用所学的语言知识和技能进行广泛的阅读和其他语言交际活动。教学活动要有利于语言技能的培养和功能意念的理解及表达。不仅要重视句子水平上的语言训练，还要逐步发展在语篇水平上进行交际的能力。
Unit3 1．Don’t worry !This is a simple enough question and have plenty of reasons to help you to refuse him . 不用当心，这是个简单不过的问题，我有足够的理由帮你拒绝他。 2.These are so marry different opinions that it is necessary for us to take a look at what our textbook says about it. 不同意见如此之多，我们有必要去看一下。 3.Having no money to take a bus , he had to make his way to the market on foot . 因为没钱坐公交车，他不得不步行到市场上去。 4.V oters claim that it is necessary that the president should have a thought about the will of people while making decisions. 选民宣称总统在作出决定是必须考虑民众的意愿。 5.Under the old marriage system , she became his wife before she had a chance to get to know him. 在旧的婚姻制度下，她还没有机会了解他就成了他的老婆。 6.I will not advise you to read that book,because,in the first place ,it is much too difficult and,in the second place,it is rather dull . 我建议你们不去读那本书。因为首先他太难了，其次它有点枯燥。 7.We are faced with an exceptionally difficult situation. 我们正面临格外艰难的局面。 8. Scientific discoveries should be applied to industrial production as
大学英语听力课教案 【篇一：大学英语听力教学心得】 大学英语听力教学心得 庞静 相对于其他正规院校的本科生来说，高职生的英语基础较差，平均 水平不高。从英语听力课的教学来看，其不足主要表现为词汇量少， 语音语感较差，知识面窄，独立进行分析判断能力不足，从而反应 较慢。除此之外，高职生在英语听力学习方面的不足还表现为缺乏 良好的英语听力的自我控制能力和逻辑思维能力，缺乏良好的听力 习惯，缺乏应有的自学能力，这一切都无形中构成了高职生英语听 力学习的障碍。在我上的大学英语听力的部分系部表现的特别明显。 教材是教学的依据，教材的选用和利用对于教学来讲意义重大。虽 说我们学校的大学英语听力选用了不同的教材——外语系选用的大学英语听力；人文系选用的英语教程；音乐美术系选用的实用英语。 但由于系部不同班级的学生水平也参差不齐，所以因材施教显得尤 为重要。 外语系学生相对英语成绩相对较好，大部分学生的学习积极性都比 较高。处在这个竞争愈来愈激烈的社会中，他们强烈地感受到自身 的不足，从而有着很高的学习积极性。但同时也有相当一部分同学 由于种种原因或自卑不前，或自满松懈，或心不在焉，学习态度和 学习成绩均和前者有着很大差距，形成两极分化。外语系选用的教 材中每个单元由三部分组成：第一部分通常是语音练习，它对于纠 正学生的发音很有帮助。教师在完成这一部分的听力练习之后可以 接着让学生跟读，模仿，从单词到长句，循序渐进。同时讲解相应 的发音规则。第二部分通常是对话和短文。由于部分学生基础较差， 如果按照机械的程序从讲解词汇，介绍背景，播放录音直至完成练 习，他们会感到十分吃力。于是我一般在讲完词汇和介绍完背景之 后，先把所要播放的录音内容概述一下，当然语速要慢。这样可以 给学生留下一定的适应时间，帮助他们理解接下来的内容。第三部 分是口头练习，这一部分往往会被忽略，我认为这是十分可惜的。 不妨让学生根据所听的内容编排对话，复述大意或进行主题讨论， 将听与说结合，把听到的内容用自己的语言表达出来。语言是交流 的工具，而交流则包涵了由听到说的过程。听是说的基础，听最终 要服务于说。
一、课后翻译 Unit 1 1.随着职务的提升，他担负的责任也更大了。(take on) With his promotion ,he has taken on greater responsibilities. 2. 他感到他再没有必要对约翰承担这样的责任。(make a commitment) He felt he did not have to make such a commitmentto John any more . 3. 闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物，与她相反，露茜却喜欢呆在家里看书。(as opposed to) Mary likes go to shopping in her spare time ,as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading. 4. 充其量可以说他有抱负，用最糟糕的话来说，他是一个没有良心(conscience)或没有资格的权力追求者。(at best, at worst) At best he's ambitious,at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications . 5. 我们已尽全力说服他，但是却毫无进展。(strive，make no headway) We have striven to the full to convince him,but we have made no headway. Unit 2 1. 要是他适合当校长，那么哪个学生都可以当。(no more...than) He is no more fit to be a headmaster than any schoolboy would be. 2. 至于她的父亲，她不敢肯定是否会接收她和她的小孩。(as for) As for her father, she is not sure whether he will accept her and her baby. 3. 晚睡会损害健康而早睡早起有益于健康。(undermine) Staying up late will undermine one's health while going to bed early and getting up early will benefit it. 4. 大使亲自向总理转达了总统的问候。(convey) The ambassador personally conveyed the president's message to the premier. 5. 这个女孩决定敞开心扉，把她看见的一切都告诉警方。(open up) The girl decided to open up and tell the police what she had seen. Unit 3 1. 他理个发就要收500元，简直不可思议。(charge) It is simply unbelievable for him to charge 500 dollars for a haircut. 2. 人民赋予你特权，你就应该全心全意为人民服务。(grant) People grant you the privilege, so you should serve the people wholeheartedly. 3. 天气预报很重要，依据它我们才能决定什么时候出航。(so that) The weather forecast is very important so that we can decide when to go to sea. 4. 炮声打破了往常周日早晨的宁静，人们强烈预感到战争就要来临。(violate) The sound of guns violated the usual calm of Sunday morning, and people had a strong feeling that the war was coming. 5. 即使你每分钟看3页，到本周末你无论如何也看不完这本书。(even though) Even though you read three pages per minute, you will by no means finish the book by the end of this weekend. Unit 4
大学英语听力教学心得 庞静 相对于其他正规院校的本科生来说，高职生的英语基础较差，平均水平不高。从英语听力课的教学来看，其不足主要表现为词汇量少，语音语感较差，知识面窄，独立进行分析判断能力不足，从而反应较慢。除此之外，高职生在英语听力学习方面的不足还表现为缺乏良好的英语听力的自我控制能力和逻辑思维能力，缺乏良好的听力习惯，缺乏应有的自学能力，这一切都无形中构成了高职生英语听力学习的障碍。在我上的大学英语听力的部分系部表现的特别明显。教材是教学的依据，教材的选用和利用对于教学来讲意义重大。虽说我们学校的大学英语听力选用了不同的教材——外语系选用的大学英语听力；人文系选用的英语教程；音乐美术系选用的实用英语。但由于系部不同班级的学生水平也参差不齐，所以因材施教显得尤为重要。 外语系学生相对英语成绩相对较好，大部分学生的学习积极性都比较高。处在这个竞争愈来愈激烈的社会中，他们强烈地感受到自身的不足，从而有着很高的学习积极性。但同时也有相当一部分同学由于种种原因或自卑不前，或自满松懈，或心不在焉，学习态度和学习成绩均和前者有着很大差距，形成两极分化。外语系选用的教材中每个单元由三部分组成：第一部分通常是语音练习，它对于纠正学生的发音很有帮助。教师在完成这一部分的听力练习之后可以接着让学生跟读，模仿，从单词到长句，循序渐进。同时讲解相应的发音规则。第二部分通常是对话和短文。由于部分学生基础较差，如果按照机械的程序从讲解词汇，介绍背景，播放录音直至完成练习，他们会感到十分吃力。于是我一般在讲完词汇和介绍完背景之后，先把所要播放的录音内容概述一下，当然语速要慢。这样可以给学生留下一定的适应时间，帮助他们理解接下来的内容。第三部分是口头练习，这一部分往往会被忽略，我认为这是十分可惜的。不妨让学生根据所听的内容编排对话，复述大意或进行主题讨论，将听与说结合，把听到的内容用自己的语言表达出来。语言是交流的工具，而交流则包涵了由听到说的过程。听是说的基础，听最终要服务于说。 人文系现在的英语教程听力没个单元有不同的话题，围绕这个话题从report 来引出话题，这部分比较简单。然后10个段对话，1个长对话，1个短文听力。这部分听完，再简单讲解一下基本上要花一节课的时间。对于学生的认知，45分钟都在不停的听，做题目无疑会走神，事倍功半，往往是开始20分钟效率特别高，然后就思想松散了听的有一句没一句的。休息5分钟后按照课本内容是听电影片段做填词。这部分联系简单但由于是原声电影说话的语速很快而且连读，省略都很多，加之听力疲劳。所以效果也不佳。我觉得还是听与说要结合交替进
高中英语听力强化训练 Test 18 英语听力: asf听力文件无病毒，请放心打开 听力理解 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did Professor Lee leave? A. At 4:44. B. At 4:45. C. At 4:04. 2. Where does this conversation most probably take place? A. At a bookstore. B. At a club. C. At a department store. 3. Who is the man? A. A visitor. B. worker. C. A guide. 4. What is the most probably relationship between the two speakers? A. Father and mother. B. Teacher and student. C. Mother and son. 5. What can we learn from this conversation? A. Tom studied very hard. B. Tom passed the exam. C. Tom didn’t pass the exam. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每个小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6～8题。 6. What does the woman do? A. She teaches history at that school. B. She is a student of Chinese history. C. She is a student of Chinese. 7. What is the woman doing? A. She is asking questions. B. She is having a walk. C. She is going to the office. 8. What do you know about the man? A. He is a teacher of history. B. He knows of the woman very well.
Unit 1 college life C篇大学与现实 我在34年的大学教学生涯中教过很多新生,可能有好几千人。开学之前，待入学的新生通常会和他们的家人一起前来参观校园。我们大学强调，在新生来访期间，全体教员应到场，以便帮助这些学生选择专业。 家长们提问最多。他们想问清楚孩子离家住校是否安全，四年后能否找到一份工作,家长的关心是人之常情。 如果学生没有提什么问题，我就会反问他们一个问题："在大学里，最重要的是要学会什么？"不管他们做出什么样的回答，我常常会给他们一个不同的答案："你得学会早起，不能再依赖母亲叫你起床，为你准备早餐。" 这种回答总会引起父母发笑，然后，我告诉同学们，上大学就像上班，只是没有薪水。事实上，在校学习是要付费的。你或你的父母要付伙食费和学费，因此，你应使付出的钱有所值。如果躺在床上，你就不可能去听课。如果你关掉闹钟继续睡觉，你的室友也不会在意。 正如守时和勤奋在未来的工作中是至关重要的，不缺课和勤学习是大学学业成功的两个最主要因素。当用人单位打电话给我，询问某个毕业生的情况时，他们所问的第一个问题通常是这个学生上课是否守时以及是否诚实可靠。然后，还要问什么的话，才会问及这个学生的成绩或课外活动情况。 伍迪·艾伦曾说，生活中最重要的事情是露面。话里透着幽默，但这的确是大学生活的真谛。课堂并不是学生露面的惟一场所。交朋友和课余活动也是十分重要的，而且许多学生需要从事兼职工作，这也是一个实际的经济需要。关键是要合理安排你的生活，不要因为它们而迷失学习目标，学习目标必须摆在首位。 一周有168个小时，不可能把一半以上的时间花在吃饭和睡觉上，因此还有100个小时可以做其它事儿。除了听课的时间以外，课余的大部分时间如何安排由学生自己决定，做什么决定是大学生活成功与否的关键。有不良习惯或交友不慎的学生，其决定常会受到这些不良习惯或朋友的影响。
新发展大学英语听力教程（4）参考答案 Unit 1 Urban Life or Rural Life Pre-listening Activities apartment；contract Listening Tasks Task One Understanding Short Conversations 1.C 2.B 3.C 4.C 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.D 10. B Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation 1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. A Task Three Understanding Passages Passage One 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C Passage Two 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B Passage Three 1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. C Task Four Compound Dictation 1. drawbacks 2. education 3. facilities 4.studying 5. widespread 6. develop 7. attend 8. serious 9. There are no companies or factories that would offer people employment 10. who have to work very hard in the fields to earn their living
11. Another bad side of country life is the lack of entertainment Listening and Speaking Task 1 1. Most of Canada’s happiest cities are on the East Coast. 2.She can withstand brutal winters by focusing on“the warmth and the friendliness of people”. 3. Knowing your neighbors and trusting those around you is a key reason.Task 2 （略） Listening Skills for Long Conversations 19. A20. D21. D Learn English Through Songs someone；alone；hide；storm；cares；heaven；getting；promise Unit 2 Different Kinds of Love Pre-listening Activities different kinds of love Listening Tasks Task One Understanding Short Conversations 1.C 2.C 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.D 8.C 9.C 10. B Task Two Understanding a Long Conversation 1. B 2. D 3. D 4. D 5. B Task Three Understanding Passages