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基于外源供氢沼气生物提纯微生物及反应器开发研究进展

2018年第37卷第7期 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS ·2765·

化 工 进

基于外源供氢沼气生物提纯微生物及反应器开发研究进展

周苑媛,董楠石,卜凡,谢丽

(同济大学环境科学与工程学院,长江水环境教育部重点实验室,上海 200092)

摘要:利用外源氢气作为电子供体对沼气进行厌氧生物提纯,具有反应条件温和、副产物少等优点,是当前国内外研究的热点。气液传质效率低是该技术发展的最大阻力,厌氧生物反应器影响耗氢产甲烷菌的生长和分布、反应底物的接触方式和接触时间,进而影响运行的稳定性和处理效果,是目前提高反应效率的研究重点。本文通过介绍基于外源供氢的沼气生物提纯原理、微生物分布的基本特征和提纯系统运行操作方式,对反应过程中反应器的主要要求进行了分析;系统综述了目前基于外源氢气的沼气生物提纯工艺中连续搅拌式反应器(CSTR )、上流式污泥反应器(UASB )和生物附着式反应器的应用研究进展,总结了基于外源氢气的沼气生物提纯技术的发展现状和各类反应器的特性,并从传质研究方法和氢气来源等方面提出了建议与展望。 关键词:厌氧;沼气提纯;外源氢气;生物转换;甲烷;传质;反应器

中图分类号:X701 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1000–6613(2018)07–2765–08

DOI :10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-1929

Microbial community and reactor development of microbiological biogas

upgrading with external hydrogen supply :a review

ZHOU Yuanyuan ,DONG Nanshi ,BU Fan ,XIE Li

(Key Laboratory of Yangtze Water Environment of Ministry of Education ,College of Environmental Science and

Engineering ,Tongji University ,Shanghai 200092,China )

Abstract: Recently, microbiological biogas upgrading with external hydrogen as electron donor attracts researchers’ attention for its mild reaction condition and less by-products. The hydrogen gas-liquid mass transfer might be the limiting factor, determining the development and application of this technology. Application of different reactors was found to affect the growth and distribution of hydrogenotrophic Methanogens, the contact way to the substrates and gas-liquid mass transfer rate, thereafter it might influence the process stability and conversion efficiency. In this paper, the reaction mechanism, the basic characteristics of microbial community distribution and operation mode were introduced. The main requirements for the reactors were analyzed. Reactor configurations such as continuous stirred tank reactor, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket, biofilm reactor and their application were summarized. Finally, suggestions and perspectives were proposed for the further research of the technology and reactor.

Key words: anaerobic ;biogas upgrading ;external hydrogen ;biological conversion ;methane ;mass transfer ;reactor

随着全球能源和环境问题日益突出,厌氧消化技术作为一种能够降低污染、减少温室气体排放并

产生能源的重要资源化途径,广泛应用于高浓度有机废弃物的处理[1]。厌氧消化产生的沼气中主要含

收稿日期:2017-09-13;修改稿日期:2017-12-05。

基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51378373,51678424)。 第一作者:周苑媛(1994—),女,硕士研究生。通讯作者:谢丽,教授,研究方向为厌氧生物处理技术与理论。E-mail :sally.xieli@https://www.doczj.com/doc/7016304673.html, 。 万方数据

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