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中考英语 介词培优卷

中考英语 介词培优卷
中考英语 介词培优卷

中考英语介词培优卷

一、初中英语介词

1.Stephen Hawking was famous a scientist, he made a great contribution to the world, and he died March 14th, 2018.

A. for; on

B. as; in

C. as; on

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:史蒂芬·霍金作为科学家而闻名,他为世界做出了巨大的贡献,他逝世于2018年3月14日。空一,根据 a scientist ,可知是作为……而出名,be famous as;空二,具体到某一天,使用介词on。故选C。

【点评】此题考查固定短语和介词用法。

2.Yesterday our headmaster made a speech ________ environmental protection, and we learned something about recycling of waste.

A. on

B. at

C. to

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:昨天我们的校长做了一个关于环境保护的演讲,并且我们学到了一些关于废物利用的知识。on,关于,这样与学术有关;at在;to到达。演讲是关于环境保护的,而环境保护是有关学术的,故选A。

【点评】考查介词辨析,注意平时识记其词义,理解句意。

3.We communicate _____ each other in many ways, such as by e-mail or by phone.

A. on

B. through

C. in

D. with

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:我们用很多方法相互联系,比如通过电子邮件或者电话。communicate with,与某人联系,与某人保持联系,固定搭配,故答案是D。

【点评】考查介词辨析,注意识记固定搭配communicate with的用法。

4.I want to learn a second foreign language English.

A. except

B. beside

C. besides

D. except for

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:除了英语外我想再学习一门外语。beside在……旁边;except 除……之外,不包括在范围之内;besides除……之外还有: except for除……以外; except for 后接的词同句子中的整体词(主语)不是同类的,指从整体中除去一个细节,一个方面;而except后接的词同整体词(主语)一般是同类,指在同类的整体中除去一个部分。根据second,可知英语已经学了,可知此处是除……之外还有,故选C。

【点评】此题考查介词辨析。先弄清所给介词意思,然后根据上下文的联系和句意确定所使用的介词。

5.—I want to watch TV the whole day after the long journey.

—You shouldn't watch TV too much. It's bad _________ your eyes.

A. on

B. in

C. for

D. with

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——我想在长途旅行后整天看电视。——你不应该看太多电视。对你的眼睛有害。be bad for,对……有害,固定搭配,A 在……上面,B 在……里面,D 和……,表伴随,故选C。

【点评】考查固定搭配,注意平时识记,理解句意。

6.This story is_________ simple English. My little sister can read it.

A. for

B. in

C. with

D. by

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:这个故事是用简单的英语写的。我妹妹会读。A:for为;B:in 用; C: with带有; D: by被,由。用某种语言,要有in+某种语言,故选B。

【点评】考查介词辨析。理解选项意思和用法,根据句子结构,选择正确的介词。

7.A marathon was held in Yancheng ____________21st April, which drew 12,000 runners.

A. on

B. in

C. at

D. by

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:一场马拉松在四月21日在4月21日举行的,他包括12,000个跑步者。on后接具体某一天,in后接上下午,晚上或年月,等;at后接具体几点钟;by 在……之前;根据21st April,表示在4月21日,具体某一天,应该用介词on,故选A。【点评】本题考查介词辨析。要掌握介词的使用规则和使用方法。

8.—When did Neil Armstrong walk on the moon?

—____July 20th,1969.

A. In

B. At

C. For

D. On

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:——Neil Armstrong 什么时候登上了月球?——在1969年7月20日。for达,计,后接一段时间;on/in/at均表示在的意思,但用法不同,on用于具体的某一天前,in用于年、月,用于上、下午和晚上,季节,世纪前; at 用于时刻前。根据July 20th,1969.可知是指具体的某一天,用on,故答案选D。

【点评】考查介词辨析。注意理解选项的意思和用法。

9.He drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went ______the road.

A. off

B. on

C. along

D. behind

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:他转弯时开得太快了,以至于汽车差点驶出马路上。go和如下选项搭配,分别表示,A驶出,B继续,C沿着,根据drove so fast,可知与驾驶有关,故是驶出,故选A。

【点评】考查介词辨析,注意go off的用法。

10.—Which is your new English teacher?

—The young lady red over there.()

A. with

B. in

C. on

D. for

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】考查介词.句意"—你的新英语老师是谁?—那边那位穿红衣服的年轻女士.".A和..,表示伴随.B在…里.C在…上.D为了…in+颜色,表示穿什么颜色的衣服,选B.

11.It's very kind ___________ you to lend me your reusable shopping bags.

A. of

B. for

C. to

D. with

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:你真好,把你可重复使用的购物袋借给我。句型:It's kind of sb to do sth某人做某事真好,故答案为A。

【点评】考查介词辨析,熟记固定句型。

12.—Do you know Victory Day in China?

—Yes,it's _______ September 3rd_______ each year.It tells the world that Chinese people love peace and hate wars.Chinese people will never forget the history.

A. in,on

B. on,/

C. at,/

D. on,in

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:——你知道中国的胜利日吗?——是的,是每年的9月3号.它向全世界宣告中国人热爱和平憎恨战争,中国人将永远不会忘记历史.第一个后面是September 3rd ,具体到了某一天,用介词on;第二个空后面是each year(每年);every,each等构成的短语用做时间状语时,其前不用介词。故答案为B。

【点评】考查时间介词辨析。

13.In China, we are using the FAST to find stars . Now more and more people want to know about the largest radio telescope(望远镜) in the world.

A. in person

B. in public

C. in space

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:在中国,我们正在使用FAST 射电望远镜去找太空中的星星。现在越来越多的人想要了解这台世界上最大的射电望远镜。A. in person亲自,B. in public在公共场合,C.in space 在太空,根据题意和常识星星是在太空中,故答案为C。

【点评】考查介词短语。理解句意并掌握介词短语的意思。

14.—Do you have this T-shirt in a different color?

—I'm afraid not. It only comes red.

A. of

B. in

C. for

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——你有不同颜色的这件t恤吗?——恐怕没有。只有红色。根据T-shirt in a different color,可知是in+颜色,故选B。

【点评】考查介词辨析,注意辨别介词of、in和for 的用法。

15.More and more people in Qingdao go to work _________subway now.

A. with

B. on

C. in

D. by

【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:现在越来越多的青岛人乘地铁去上班。A. with 用;B. on 在---上;

C. in 在---里;

D. by乘;根据on/in+the+交通工具,by+交通工具;故选D。

【点评】考查介词辨析。根据固定搭配选出正确答案。

16.—There will be all kinds of activities ________ Children's day in China!

—It's a big day for every kid.

A. in

B. on

C. at

D. as

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——在中国,在儿童节这天将会有各种各样的活动。——对每个孩子来说,这是重要的一天。in+年/月,表示在某年或某月;on+具体日期,表示在具体某一天;on+节日,表示在某个节日的时候;at+钟点,表示在几点钟;as作为。根据Children's day此处表示在儿童节这一天,用介词on。故答案选B。

【点评】考查介词,注意识记不同介词的用法。

17.Let's put the piano over there, __________ the wall.

A. above

B. against

C. across

D. around

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:让我们把钢琴放在那边,靠着墙摆放。A. above在……正上方;B. against紧靠;C. across穿过,横穿;D. around围绕,在附近。结合Let's put the piano over there可知此处是说钢琴的位置,钢琴只能靠着墙摆放,故选B。

【点评】此题考查介词辨析。

18.The earth goes _____ the sun.

A. around

B. through

C. between

D. across

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:地球绕着太阳转。A. around围绕、环绕;B. through穿过,表示从事物内部穿过;C. between在…两者之间;D. across横穿,表示从事物外部一边到另一边。根据句意“地球绕着太阳转。”go around表示绕着......转,故答案为A。

【点评】考查介词辨析。掌握介词意义和一些固定搭配的用法。

19.— Is this Mike's dictionary?

— No, it's mine. The thick one on the desk is .

A. his

B. yours

C. hers

D. theirs

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:——这是迈克的字典吗?——不,是我的。桌子上最厚的那个是他的。A他的,B你的,C,她的,D他们的,根据Is this Mike's,可知此处指代第三人称单数表示男性,故用his,故选A。

【点评】考查名词性物主代词辨析,注意指代第三人称单数表示男性用his的用法。

20.—To leave or to stay? You must make a choice.

—OK. I know I can't stand the two ideas.

A. among

B. between

C. with

D. against

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——离开还是留下?你必须做出选择。——好的,我知道我不能选择中立。A. among在……中间,指三者或三者以上的中间; B. between在……之间,指两者之间; C. with和……一起; D. against反对。根据 You must make a choice. 可知此处指不能在两者之间摇摆不定,故选B。

【点评】考查介词辨析。根据语境和上下文的联系确定所使用的介词。

21.After school, I often play table tennis ________ half an hour and then go back home.

A. to

B. in

C. for

D. past

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:放学后,我经常打半小时网球,然后回家。A.到达;B.在多久后;C.for+时间段;D.经过。for+时间段,half an hour表示时间段,所以用for,故选C。【点评】考查介词辨析,注意平时识记其区别,理解句意。

22.I have studied English ________ three years ago.

A. since

B. for

C. in

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:我自从3年前就学英语了。根据have studied,可知时态是现在完成时,since+段时间+ago,是现在完成时的标志,故选A。

【点评】考查介词,注意since+段时间+ago的用法。

23.—Why are you so happy, Henry?

—My old friend David is coming to visit me. We haven't seen each other ________ five years. A. since B. after C. for D. in

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——你为什么这么高兴,亨利?——我的老朋友大卫要来看望我了。我们五年没有互相见面了。since自从+过去时间状语和现在完成时连用;after在……后,通常和一般过去时连用;for+一段时间和现在完成时连用,in+一段时间和一般将来时

连用,故选C。

【点评】此题考查介词辨析。掌握每个介词意思,注意每个介词的使用规则。

24.________ March 12th, all the students went to plant trees near the river ________ Jenny. Her mother was ill in hospital, so she had to take care of her.

A. In, without

B. On, besides

C. On, except

D. During, among

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:除了珍妮之外,在三月12日所有的学生都去河边植树了。她的母亲生病住院,因此她不得不照顾她。in后跟上下文和年份;在确切的日期前用介词on,during 在……期间,without 没有;besides 包括……在内;except 除……之外;among 在……之中,根据Her mother was ill in hospital, so she had to take care of her.可知珍妮没去,故选C。

【点评】此题考查介词辨析。掌握介词的用法,根据上下文的联系确定所使用的介词。

25.I get up ________ seven o'clock every morning.

A. in

B. on

C. of

D. at

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:我每天早上七点钟起床。A在,后接年/月/季节等;B在,后接具体某一天;C的,用于名词所有格;D在,后接具体时刻。根据seven o'clock,七点钟,可知是具体的时刻,应用介词at,故选D。

【点评】考查介词辨析。注意掌握时间介词in/on/at的不同用法。

26.The road ______ the gate of success must be made up of difficulties, so all of us should face them bravely.

A. towards

B. against

C. opposite

D. beyond

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:通往成功之门的道路必须由困难组成,所以我们大家都应该勇敢地面对困难。A 通向;B 反对;C 相反;D 超出。固定结构,the road to/towards,通往……的路,固定搭配,故选A。

【点评】考查介词的辨析。注意熟记一些固定结构。

27.—Tom, what's your reason for being late for school this time?

—I thought I could arrive on time. But the bus started moving ______ I could get on it.

A. after

B. until

C. while

D. before

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:——汤姆,你这次上学迟到的原因是什么?——我认为我可以按时到达的。但是我上车之前车开始走了。A.在……之后;B.直到;C.当……时候;D.在……之前。根据可知汤姆没有赶上共公交车,因此我还没上车汽车开始走了。故答案是D。

【点评】考查连词辨析,主语根据主句和从句的意思确定相应的连词。

28.—How soon will we get the offer from a new high school?

—_____ about two months.

A. In

B. For

C. Among

D. During

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:——我们将什么时候从新高中收到报价?——大约2个月后。how soon提问时间段,in+时间段,表示时间段,故选A。

【点评】考查介词辨析,注意根据问题how soon选择正确的搭配。

29.I have a new model car. I got it my dad.

A. at

B. of

C. from

D. by

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:我有一辆新车。我从我爸爸那里得到的。A:at 在;B:of ……的;C: from 自,从;D: by到……为止,用。get sth. from sb.,从某人那里得到某物,固定短语,故选C。

【点评】考查介词辨析。理解介词的词义和用法,根据固定短语选择正确的介词。

30.Happy birthday, Peter! Here's a gift you.

A. for

B. in

C. with

D. from

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:生日快乐,彼得!这是给你的礼物。A给……;为……,B 在……里,C和……;用……;随着……,D从……,来自……。送给某人的礼物,用介词for,故选A。

【点评】本题考查介词辨析,注意理解句意。

二、初中英语虚拟语气

31.If I a bird, I _ fly in the blue sky.

A.was; would B.am; will

C.will be; will D.were; would

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果我是一只鸟,我就能在蓝色的天空中飞翔。根据句意可知,这里表示的是跟事实不符的情况,是不可能实现的事情,因此这里应该用虚拟语气。在if从句中用一般过去时,主句中用would+动词的原形。故选D。

考点:考查虚拟语气。

32.—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive.

—If I you, I would give up wine.

A.were; drinking B.am; drinking

C.were; drink D.was;to drink

【答案】A

【解析】

考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词的用法。根据句意可知,该句使用了虚拟语气,if引导的从句使用一般过去时,用were;give up后面接动词的现在分词。故选A。

33.—I don’t know what to do.

— If I you, I buy a guidebook.

A.am; will B.am; would

C.were; will D.were; would

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我不知道做什么?如果我是你,我就会买一本指南。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构:

1、与现在事实相反

若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”

2、与过去事实相反

若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”

3、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。根据句意,可知是与现在的事实相反,故选D

考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。

34.(题文)I would wear a shirt and tie to the party if I ________ you. It’s more polite. A.were B.will be C.am

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,if从句用过去时,主句用would/should/might+动词原形。句意:如果我是你,我就穿衬衫带领带去参加聚会。那样更礼貌。故选A。

考点:考查虚拟语气的用法。

35.I’m not free today, If I ____ time, I ____ and help him with you.

A.have, will go B.had, would go C.have, would go D.had, will go

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我今天没空,如果我有时间,我就和你一起去帮助他。在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反的假设,虚拟条

件句为If+主语+动词的过去式(be动词用were),主句为主语+should, would, could, might + 动词原形。所以选B。

考点:考查虚拟语气。

36.—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wi ne aren’t allowed to drive.

—If I you, I would give up wine.

A.was; to drink B.am; drinking C.were; drink D.were; drinking

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:--我喜欢喝酒。但是喝酒的人不允许开车。--如果我是你,我将会放弃喝酒。分析:表示与现在事实相反的情况。其虚拟语气的结构为:从句:if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be用were)+ ……主句:主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ ……例如:If I were you, I would read it again. 如果我是你的话,我再读一遍。(事实上我不是你),故选 D

考点:考查虚拟语气及动词短语的用法。

37.If it were Sunday today, I________ go to school.

A.shan’t B.would not C.can’t D.won’t

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果今天是星期天,我将不去上学。虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中,可以表示与现在事实相反的假设,条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式(be动词用were)”,而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。如:1.If I were you, I would join the army. 2.If she had time, she should go with you.。由句意可知选B。

考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。

38. If it had been possible, I would have helped him, but I ______ too busy.

A.had been B.would be C.were D.was

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果可能的话,我肯定会帮助你的,但是我太忙了。对过去的虚拟If+主语+had +动词过去分词,主语+would / should / might / could have + 动词过去分词。所以描述的是过去的事情,故我过去很忙应该用过去时。

考点:考查虚拟语气及时态的用法。

39.---If I were you, I ________ study harder

A.had B.would C.did D . do

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

1、与现在事实相反

若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”

2、与过去事实相反

若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”

3、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“shou ld (would, could, might)+动词原形”:

句意:如果我是你,我会学习更努力。结合语境可知本句表示的是对现在的虚拟,故从句中用过去时态,主句中用过去将来时态。选B。

考点:考查虚拟语气

40.—I’m going to Larry’s party. But I don’t know what to wear.

—If I ___ you, I _______ wear a dress.

A.am; will B.were; will

C.were; would D.am; would

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:根据题干,本句的意思应是“如果我是你,我将穿一件裙子。”“我”是不可能成为“你”,所以本句是一个虚拟语气。对于虚拟语气,从句应该用过去式(be动词,不论是第几人称,都用were),主句用would do。所以本题选C。

考点:本题考查虚拟语气。

点评:完成本题时注意区分虚拟语气和if引导的条件状语从句。虚拟语气是不可能发生的,是一种假设情况;而if引导的条件状语从句,是有可能发生的。如果不明白这两者的区别,就比较容易发错。

41.-– Do you feel tired?

--- No, I don’t. If I were tired, I ______a rest.

A.had B.would have C.will have D.have

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你感觉累吗?——不累,如果我累了,我会休息。考查虚拟语气。本句是if条

件句,对现在的虚拟,用If sb were/did..., sb would/could/should/might do;根据句意结构和语境,故选B。

42. If I __you . I__study harder.

A.am , will B.was, would C.were, would D.were, will

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:如果我是你,我会更努力学习。这个句子要用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反。所以用过去式were, would,故选C。

考点:考查虚拟语气。

43._______ in order to sit for the college entrance exam?

A.What did she suggest he read B.What did she suggest he reads

C.Did she suggest for him to read D.Did she suggest what he read

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:为了参加大学入学考试,她建议他读什么书?

考查虚拟语气。suggest表示“建议”时,后接从句用that sb should do,should可省。特殊疑问句的结构是特殊疑问词+be动词(助动词)+主语+其他?故选A。

44.—A student in my class said to me, “if I ______our math teacher, I_____ make math learning easier and more interesting instead of giving the kids much homework to do every day.”A.were, would B.am, will C.was, would D.were, will

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我班里的一个学生对我说:如果我是数学老师,我会使数学学习更简单有趣,而不是每天给学生许多作业去做。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式,用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构:

1、与现在事实相反

若与现在事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”

2、与过去事实相反

若与过去事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去完成时(had+过去分词),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+have+过去分词”

3、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反,条件从句的谓语用过去式(be通常用were),主句谓语用“should (would, could, might)+动词原形”。

该句描述的是与现状相反的事实故选A。

考点:考查虚拟语气。

45.The workers insisted that they a free lunch every noon and the boss had

to do that.

A.be given B.being given C.will be to give D.were given

【答案】A

【解析】句意:工人们坚持要求他们每天中午都有免费的午餐,老板必须这样做。考查虚拟语气。insist坚持,要求,其后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气,跟虚拟式动词原形或者“should + 动词原形” 。结合句意和语境可知选A。

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