仁爱版英语教学课件
课件是为了我们更好的工作，各位同学们，我们一起看看下面的英语教案吧！
一、说教材
教材的地位及作用
本课是第5单元第2话题的a部分
本单元主要是有关学校生活的话题：our school life. 在topic 1中通过一般现在时态学习了各种不同的上学方式，而本话题在topic 1的基础上，学习学校生活中的各种活动，从而学习现在进行时态的用法。其中，section a让学生初步了解现在进行时态的用法、含义。
教学目标
根据《英语课程标准》以及本单元的话题，我将本课的教学目标分为：知识目标、能力目标和情感目标3个方面。
（1）知识目标：
①学习有关学校各种建筑物的生词和一些其他生词：
playground,gym,dormitory,lab,computer room,dining hall, classroom building, swimming pool, make, card, soon, dance, sleep, clean, run②学习现在进行时态的含义和用法：结构：be+v-ing
含义：本课中是表示说话时正在进行的动作或发生的事情。（但我们教师必须心中有数该时态还有另外两种含义：a 表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正进行的动作；b表示将来）（2）能力目标
①提高学生听说读写的能力
②培养学生主动参与学习活动、善于和他人合作的能力。
③培养学生学以致用的能力
（3）情感目标：培养学生热爱学习、热爱劳动、热爱运动的意识。
教学重点、难点：
（1）教学重点：理解现在进行时态的含义、用法，学习本课生词，培养学生合作学习的意识；（2）教学难点：现在进行时态的结构（be+v-ing），灵活运用现在进行时态，19个之多生词。
理论依据：（1）根据教学目标，确定本课19个生词和灵活运用现在进行时态为本课的重点难点。现在进行时态是课程标准要求学生掌握的重要时态之一，在其结构中，学生往往只注重v-ing而忽视be的使用，有时甚至遗漏。因此要注意对学生进行正确的、反复的语言输入。（2）《英语课程标准》中指出我们”要倡导体验、实践、参与、合作与交流的学习方式和任务型的教学途径，发展学生的综合语言运用能
力”
二、说教法
1. 直观教学法。
根据校情，我在本课中尽量使用语言直观（包括肢体语言）、教具直观进行教学。课前安排2位善于绘画的学生把本课的1a、2a、3、4的图片画成4张大型的教学挂图。使用直观教学法是符合七年级学生的年龄特征（认识事物从感性认识上升到理性认识）。
2. 任务型语言教学法
任务型教学活动是让学生通过运用语言来完成各种各样的交际活动，学生通过交际的形式来学习和掌握语言。在教师安排的一个个”任务”中，学生能够不断地获得知识或得出结论，从注重语言本身转变为注重语言习得。在本课中，根据《课标》中”倡导任务型的教学途径”,我为学生精心设计循序渐进的任务，在具体的语境中体会语言、运用语言。
三、说学法
我所采用的教法有助于学生掌握如下学法：
1.养成听的习惯。
2.学中用，用中学。
3.积极操练，重在口头。
四、说学情
本届学生来自”五湖四海”,英语基础两极分化严重，但他
们有共性：形象思维能力强而抽象思维能力差。在教学中多采用肢体语言和直观教具，有利于学生学习语言。还有，学生的好奇心强和进取心强，教学中应该充分利用这两点，激发学生的学习兴趣，引导每一位学生参与教学活动，对表现好的学生给予及时的表扬。
五、说教学程序
step 1 review（复习）
ask : how do you usually come to school do you often play basketball in the on the bb,write down:
i usually ride a bike to school.
i often play basketball in the afternoon.
i swim twice a week.
目的：复习旧知识，既复习一般现在时态的含义和用法，同时又为下两步骤作好了铺垫。
step 2 presentation （呈现）
repeat the questions in step 1,and ask: where do you often play basketball and where do you usually swim help the ss answer and write down: on the playground, in the swimming pool. present the other new words in 3 of page 10 in the same way. then show a big picture about 3 on the bb, ask” what’s this/what is it “to finish 3.
依据：《课标》中有”教师要善于结合实际教学需要，对
教材进行适当的调整。”这里首先处理3,是因为step 1中的活动都是离不开活动场所的，在谈论这些活动时顺势呈现出活动场所，既承上又启下，为后几步教学”埋下了伏笔”.
step 3 presentation （呈现）
repeat sentence 2 in step 1 “i often play basketball in the afternoon.” in the same time present and write down the following with gestures: “now i am playing basketball.” （write “am” “ing”with red chalk）present “i am riding a bike. i am sw imming.”in the same way. and then ask an excellent student to explain the use of “be + v-ing”. at last, present:
—what are you doing—i am playing basketball/riding a bike/swimming.
—are you riding a bike —yes, i am./no, i’m not. i’m…目的：利用语言直观生动地呈现出现在进行时态，同时充分利用集体教育资源，利用个别学生去影响集体，这往往比教师直接解释传授效果要更好。
step 4 drill（操练）
work in pairs. a: what are you doing b: i’m riding a bike/playing basketball/swimming. a: are you swimming b: yes, i am./no, i’m not. i’m… （while doing actions）目的：让学生乐中学，学中乐。训练学生对现在进行时态的感性认识，培养学生的初步语感，培养学生积极参与、合作的能力。
step 5 listening and practice（听与练）
page 9 1a show a picture and play the tape for the ss to find the answer qs: what is the girl doing what is the boy doing then practise the conversation in pairs. ask several pairs to act it out.
目的：学以致用，使学生在具体的语境中使用主语是i 和you的现在进行时态。
step 6 presentation （呈现）
a student do an action, ask him/her: what are you doing then ask the others: what is he/she doing ask two ss or more do the same action, ask: what are a and
b doing（present : dance, sleep, clean, ）目的：进一步认识现在进行时态，尤其是让学生自己感悟主语是复数和三单时be的变化，以及学习一些行为动词生词。
step 7 listening and practice（听与练）
page 9 2a books closed! show a picture and play the tape for the ss to find the answer qs: what is maria/kangkang doing what are wang lin and li mei/wang wei and lin tao doing then books open, practise the conversation in pairs. and finish 2b alone.
目的：学以致用，使学生在具体的语境中使用主语是复数和三单的现在进行时态。
step 8 consolidation（巩固）
page 10 4 books closed! show a picture, point to the girl and ask: where is she is she singing what is she doing all the ss answer and write down the conversation. then the ss work in pairs to make similar conversations about the other persons. then write down their conversations.
目的：学以致用，使学生在具体的各种不同情况下中使用现在进行时态，培养学生综合运用语言的能力，同时也巩固了学校各种建筑物和设施的名称。
step 9 summary（小结）
ask: what do we learn in this class
现在进行时态：be+v-ing
含义：表示说话时正在进行的动作或发生的事情。
pay attention to the form of v-ing
目的：帮助学生梳理当堂课所学知识内容。
step10 homework（作业）
ask the ss to write down the conversations in 4 in their exercisebooks.
目的：课外巩固现在进行时态的用法。
六、说板书
略
新人教版八年级下册英语课文翻译 篇一：最新人教版八下英语翻译1-10 单元 2d 莉萨，你好吗？我头痛，并且脖子不能动。我该怎么办？我应该量体温吗？不，听起来不像是你发烧。周末你做什么了？我整个周末都在玩电脑游戏。那很可能就是原因。你需要离开电脑休息几次。是的，我想我是一个姿势坐得太久没有移动。我认为你应该躺下休息。如果明天你的头和脖子还痛的话，就去看医生。好的。谢谢，曼迪。 3a 昨天上午九点，26 路公交车正行驶在中华路上，这时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。 在他旁边的一位妇女在喊救命。公交车司机，24 岁的王平，没有多想就停下了公交车。他 下了车并且问那个妇女发生了什么事。她说那个人有心脏病，应该去医院。王先生知道他必须快点行动。他告诉乘客他必须送老人去医院。他希望大部分或全部乘客下车去等下一辆班 车。但出乎他的意料，他们都同意和他一起去。一些乘客帮助王先生把那个老人移到公交车 上。 多亏了王先生和乘客们，医生及时挽救了老人的生命。“许多人因为不想有麻烦而不想 帮助别人，这令人难受，”一位乘客说。“但是这位司机没有考虑自己。他只考虑挽救一条生命。” 2b 他失去了手臂但还在爬山 阿伦?罗尔斯顿是一个对爬山感兴趣的美国人。作为一名登山者，阿伦习惯于冒险。这是关于做危险运动的令人兴奋的事情之一。有许多次，阿伦因为（意外）事故几乎失去生命。在2003 年4 月26 日，在犹他州登山时他发现自己在非常危险的处境。 在那天，当阿伦独自登山时，他的手臂被压在落在他身上的一块2000 千克的岩石下。因为他的手臂不能自由活动，他在那儿待了五天，希望有人会发现他。但当时他的水喝完了， 他知道他将不得不采取措施来挽救自己的生命了。他不愿那天就死去。因此他用刀子切除了他的一半右臂。然后，他用左臂给自己打上绷带以至于他不会失去太多的血。这之后，他爬下山寻求帮助。 在他失去手臂之后，他写了一本名为《生死抉择》（又译作《生死两难》）的书。他的意思是“处于一个你似乎无法摆脱的困境之中。”在这本书中，阿伦讲述了关于做出明智抉择 和掌握自己生命的重要性。他对登山如此酷爱以至于即使这次经历之后他还继续爬山。 我们有和阿伦一样的勇气吗？在我们发现自己处于进退两难的处境之前以及在我们不 得不做出生死抉择之前，让我们来想想它。 二单元 2d 嗨，汤姆。我正在制订今年夏天在养老院工作的一些计划。真的吗？我去年夏天在 那儿工作了！哦，他们请你帮助做什么了？嗯??像给老人读报，或者只是与他们聊天这样 的事。他们给我讲过去的生活经历和过去是什么样子的。那听起来很有趣。是呀，许多的老人都很孤独。我们应该听他们说话并且照顾他们。对呀。我的意思是有一天我们也都会 老的。3a 志愿服务的学生 来自河畔中学的马里奥?格林和玛丽?布朗每周放弃几个小时去帮助别人。马里奥喜欢动物，他想成为一名动物医生。他每个周六上午志愿在一家动物医院工 马里奥相信这能帮助他在将来找到理想的工作。“这是艰苦的工作”他说，“但是我想学
Frederick William Ⅰ，the King of Prussia , could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history . This gift was the Amber Room , which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it . The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow-brown colour like honey . The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days . It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels , which took the country's best artists about ten years to make . In fact , the room was not made to be a gift . It was designed for the palace of Frederick Ⅰ. However, the next King of Prussia , Frederick William Ⅰ,to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it. In 1716 he gave it to Peter the Great. In return , the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers. So the Amber Room because part of the Czar's winter palace in St Petersburg.About four metres long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors . Later,Catherine Ⅱhad the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers. She told her artists to add more details to it .In 1770 the room was completed the way she wanted . Almost six hundred candles lit the room ,and its mirrors and pictures shone like gold. Sadly , although the Amber Room was considered one of the wonders of the world , it is now missing . In September 1941, the Nazi army was near St Petersburg . This was a time when the two countries were at war . Before the Nazis could get to the summer palace , the Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room . However , some of the Nazis secretly stole the room itself . In less than two days 100,000 pieces were put inside twenty-seven woooden boxs . There is no doubt that the boxs were then put on a train for Konigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea . After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery . Recently , the Russians and Germans have built a new Amber Room at the summer palace . By studying old photos of the former Amber Room , they have made the new one look like the old one .In 2003 it was ready for the people of St Petersburg when they celebrated the 300th birthday of their city . A FACT OR AN OPINION? What is a fact? Is it something that people believe? No. A fact is anything that can be proved. For example, it can be proved that China has more people than any other country in the world. This is a fact. Then what is an opinion? An opinion is what someone believes is true but has not been proved. So an opinion is not good evidence in a trial. For example, it is an opinion if you say “Cats are better pets than dogs”. It may be true, but it is difficult to prove. Some people may not agree with this opinion but they also cannot prove that they are right. In a trial, a judge must decide which eyewit nesses to believe and which not to believe. The judge does not consider what each eyewitness looks like or where that person lives or works. He/she only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rather than opinions. This kind of information is called evidence. Unit 2 AN INTERVIEW Pausanias, who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago, has come on a magical journey on March 18th 2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games. He is now interviewing Li Yan, a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.
普通高中课程标准实验教科书《英语》电子课本 Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world B3U1P1-3 FESTIV ALS AND CELEBRATIONS Ancient Festivals Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere. The most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Other celebrations were held when hunters could catch animals. They would starve if food was difficult to find, so they celebrated when they had food. They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. Festivals of the Dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. In Japan the festival is called Obon, when people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico they have the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people might eat food in shape of skulls, and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in memory of the dead. It is now a children’s festival, when they can go to their neighbours’ homes and ask for sweets. They dress up and try to frighten people. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can be held as an honour to famous people or to the gods. One of these is the Dragon Boat Festival in China, which honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. Another is Columbus Day in the USA, in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in America. In India there is a national festival on October 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter ,and because a season of agricultural work is over. In European countries it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and people get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their animals, flowers, fruits and vegetables, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. In China and Japan there are mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and give gift of mooncakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat, and may give children lucky money in the red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the lunar New Year together. In some Western countries there are very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. They might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival in Christian countries. It celebrates the return of Jesus for Christians and it also celebrates the coming of spring. In Japan, the Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each others. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.
Unit 1:Where did you go on vacation? Section A 2d: Role-play the conversation、 Rick: Hi, Helen、Long time no see、 Helen:Hi, Rick、Yes, I was on vacation last month、 Rick: Oh, did you go anywhere interesting? Helen: Yes, I went to Guizhou with my family、 Rick: Wow! Did you see Huangguoshu Waterfall? Helen: Yes, I did、It was wonderful! We took quite a few photos there、What about you? Did you do anything special last month? Rick: Not really、I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax、 Grammar Focus: 1、Where did you go on vacation? I went to New York City、 2、Did you go out with anyone? No, No one was here、Everyone was on vacation、 3、Did you buy anything special? Yes,I bought something for my father、/ No, I bought nothing、 4、How was the food? Everything tasted really good! 5、Did everyone have a good time? Oh, yes、Everything was excellent、 Section B 2b 阅读理解 Monday, July 15th
1.选修九Unit1 Breaking records-Reading打破记录 "THE ROAD IS ALWAYS AHEAD OF YOU"“路永在前方” Ashrita Furman is a sportsman who likes the challenge of breaking Guinness records. 阿什里塔·弗曼是一位热衷挑战并想争创吉尼斯世界纪录的运动员. Over the last 25 years, he has broken approximately 93 Guinness records. 在过去的25年中, 他大约已经打破了93项吉尼斯世界纪录. More than twenty of these he still holds, including the record for having the most records. 至今, 他仍然是其中20多项纪录的保持者, 还包括拥有最多的吉尼斯纪录这一项. But these records are not made in any conventional sport like swimming or soccer. Rather Ashrita attempts to break records in very imaginative events and in very interesting places. 但是这些纪录并不是像游泳或足球等一般运动项目那样创建的, 而是阿什里塔试图在非常有趣的地点, 在富有想象力的运动项目中打破的. Recently, Ashrita achieved his dream of breaking a record in all seven continents, including hula hooping in Australia, pogo stick jumping under water in South America, and performing deep knee bends in a hot air balloon in North America. 最近, 阿什里塔完成了他的梦想: 在所有的七大洲中都破一项纪录, 其中包括在澳洲玩呼啦圈, 在南美洲的水下做弹簧单高跷游戏, 在北美洲的热气球中做膝部深弯曲运动. While these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect, in reality they require an enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination. 虽然这些活动看起来孩子气且令人发笑而不是让人肃然起敬, 但实际上, 完成这些活动需要强大的力量、健康的体格和坚定的决心. Think about the fine neck adjustments needed to keep a full bottle of milk on your head while you are walking. 想想吧, 你一边走路一边还要把满满一瓶牛奶定在头上, 你的脖子需要有多好的适应力. You can stop to rest or eat but the bottle has to stay on your head. 你可以停下来休息或者吃东西, 但瓶子必须呆在你的头顶上. While Ashrita makes standing on top of a 75 cm Swiss ball look easy, it is not. 当阿什里塔站在高75公分的瑞士气球上时, 看起来虽然很轻松容易, 其实不然. It takes a lot of concentration and a great sense of balance to stay on it. 呆在球上得一直全神贯注, 还需要有极强的注意力和极好的平衡感. You have to struggle to stay on top especially when your legs start shaking. 特别是在双腿开始抖动的时候, 你还得使劲呆在球上. And what about somersaulting along a road for 12 miles? 然而沿着12英里的马路翻筋斗, 情况又是怎样呢? Somersaulting is a tough event as you have to overcome dizziness, extreme tiredness and pain. 翻筋斗是一项艰苦的运动, 因为你必须克服头晕、极度疲劳和痛苦. You are permitted to rest for only five minutes in every hour of rolling but you are allowed to stop briefly to vomit. 每翻滚一个小时, 只允许你有五分钟的休息, 不过也可以短暂地停下来呕吐. Covering a mile in the fastest time while doing gymnastically correct lunges is yet another event in which Ashrita is outstanding. 做标准的体操弓箭步动作向前, 以最快的节奏走完一英里的路程是阿什里塔又一个出色的项目. Lunges are extremely hard on your legs. 弓箭步冲刺对你的双腿是一个极端艰苦的考验. You start by
Unit1 2d： Jane: 你好，鲍勃，你想加入什么俱乐部？ Bob:我想加入运动俱乐部。 Jane:棒极了!你会玩什么运动？ Bob:足球. Jane:这么说你可以加入足球俱乐部。 Bob:那么你呢？你非常善长讲故事.你可以加入讲故事俱乐部。 Jane:听起来不错。但我也喜欢画画。 Bob:那就加入两个俱乐部，讲故事俱乐部和美术俱乐部! Jane:好的，让我们现在去加入吧！ Section B 2a： 1.你好，我是Peter，我喜欢打篮球。我会说英语，我也会踢足球。 2.你好，我是Ma Huan，我会打乒乓球和下国际象棋。我喜欢与人们交谈和做游戏。 3.我的名字是Alan。我在学校音乐俱乐部。我会弹吉他和钢琴。我也会唱歌和跳舞。 2b: (A)我们老人之家需要帮助。在七月份你有空吗？你善于与老人相处吗？你会与他们说话做游戏吗？他们会给你讲故事，你们可以交 朋友。它既有趣又好玩！请在今天拨打电话698-7729与我们联系。 (C)放学后你忙吗？不忙？你会说英语吗？是吗？那么，我们需要 你帮助说英语的学生做运动。这事轻松的，容易的！请来学生运动中 心吧。拨打电话293-7742联系Mr.Brown. (B)你会弹钢琴或者拉小提琴吗？在周末你有时间吗？学校需要帮助教音乐。它不难！拨打电话555-3721联系https://www.doczj.com/doc/6f7642658.html,ler. Unit2 2d： Interviewer :Scott有一份有趣的工作。他在一家广播电台工作。Scott，你的广播节目在几点？Scott:从晚上十二点到早上六点。 Interviewer :你通常几点起床？ Scott:晚上八点半。然后我九点吃早饭。Interviewer :那是个有趣的早饭的时间。 Scott:是的。之后，我通常在十点二十左右锻炼。Interviewer :你什么时候去上班？ Scott:在十一点，所以我工作从不迟到。 2b：你好，我是Tony，我不喜欢早起床。在早上，我八点起床。然后，我在八点三十去上学。我没有许多时间吃早饭，因此，我通常吃的非常快。午饭我通常吃汉堡。放学后，我有时打半小时篮球。当我到家的时候，我总是先做作业。在晚上，我要么看电视，要么玩电脑游戏。在十点三十，我刷牙，然后上床睡觉。 Mary是我的妹妹。她通常在六点半起床。然后她总是洗淋浴，吃丰盛的早饭。然后，她在八点三十去上学。在十二点，她吃许多水果和蔬菜作为午饭。午饭后，她有时打排球。她总是在晚饭后吃冰激凌。她知道那对她不好，但冰激凌尝起来好极了！在晚上，她做家庭作业，通常还要游泳或者散步。在九点三十，她上床睡觉。 Unit3 section A 2e: Lisa:嗨，Jane.这是你的自行车吗？ Jane:是的，我每天骑它去上学。你是怎样到学校的？ Lisa:我通常乘公共汽车。 Jane:从你家到学校有多远？ Lisa:我不确定...... 大约有10千米？乘公共汽车大约需要20分钟。你到学校花费多长时间？ Jane:骑自行车大约需要15分钟。那是很好的锻炼。Lisa:是的。哦，祝你在学校度过快乐的一天。Jane:你也是。 Section B： 2b：过河去学校 你是怎样到学校的？你步行还是骑自行车？你乘公共汽车还是乘火车去？对于许多学生来说，到达学校是容易的。但是对于在中国的一个小村庄里的学生来说，是困难的。在他们的学校和村庄之间有一条很大的河。那儿没有桥，对于小船来说，这条河流太湍急不能摆渡。因此这些学生乘索道过河去学校。 一个11岁的男孩，亮亮，每个上学日都过河。但是他不害怕。“我爱和我的同学们玩耍。我爱我的老师。他对我来说，就像父亲一样。” 这些学生和村民中的许多人从没有离开过这个村庄。有一座桥是他们的梦想。他们的梦想能实现吗？ 3a： 嗨，远方的人， 你好吗？谢谢你的上一封电子邮件。你想知道我怎样到学校，对吗？奥，我通常在大约8点离开家，步行去公共汽车站。校车通常在大约8:15来。学校离我家大约20千米。乘公共汽车到那儿大约花费40分钟。乘公共汽车从来不枯燥，因为我总是
必修4 Unit 1 A STUDENT OF AFRICAN WILDLIFE It is 5:45 am and the sun is just rising over Gombe National Park in East Africa. Following Jane's way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest. Jane has studied these families of chimps for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before. Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. Then we follow as they wander into the forest. Most of the time, chimps either feed or clean each other as a way of showing love in their family. Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. However, the evening makes it all worthwhile. We watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. Then we see them go to sleep together in their nest for the night. We realize that the bond between members of a chimp family is as strong as in a human family. Nobody before Jane fully understood chimp behaviour. She spent years observing and recording their daily activities. Since her childhood she had wanted to work with animals in their own environment. However, this was not easy. When she first arrived in Gombe in 1960, it was unusual for a woman to live in the forest. Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. Her work changed the way people think about chimps. For example, one important thing she discovered was that chimps hunt and eat meat. Until then everyone had thought chimps ate only fruit and nuts. She actually observed chimps as a group hunting a monkey and then eating it. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other, and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals. She has argued that wild animals should be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. She has helped to set up special places where they can live safely. She is leading a busy life but she says: "Once I stop, it all comes crowding in and I remember the chimps in laboratories. It's terrible. It affects me when I watch the wild chimps. I say to myself, 'Aren't they lucky?" And then I think about small chimps in cages though they have done nothing wrong. Once you have seen that you can never forget ..." She has achieved everything she wanted to do: working with animals in their own environment, gaining a doctor's degree and showing that women can live in the forest as men can. She inspires those who want to cheer the achievements of women. WHY NOT CARRY ON HER GOOD WORK? I enjoyed English, biology, and chemistry at school, but which one should I choose to study at university? I did not know the answer until one evening when I sat down at the computer to do some research on great women of China. By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women's diseases. She lived from 1901 to 1983. It seemed that she had been very busy in her chosen career, travelling abroad to study as well as writing books and articles. One of them
按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放 必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly dise ase of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousand s of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted t o face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never b e controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera ki lled people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person die d. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed eviden ce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enqu iry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the d eaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 a nd 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. H e immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle f rom the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed d own. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deat hs that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away f rom Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it deliver ed to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drin king the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with ce rtainty that polluted water carried the virus.