2001年1月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案

2000年1月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) To cancel his trip.B) To go to bed early.C) To catch a later flight.D) To ask for a wake-up call.2. A) They have different opinions as to what to do next.B) They have to pay for the house by installments.C) They will fix a telephone in the bathroom.D) The man’s attitude is more sensible than the woman’s.3. A) Sh e will save the stamps for the man’s sister.B) She will no longer get letters from Canada.C) She can’t give the stamps to the man’s sister.D) She has given the stamps to the man’s roommates.4. A) Visiting the Brownings.B) Writing a postcard.C) Looking for a postcard.D) Filling in a form.5. A) The man should work with somebody else.B) The man should meet his partner’s needs.C) They should come to a compromise.D) They should find a better lab for the project.6. A) She can’t finish her assignment, either.B) She can’t afford a computer right now.C) The man can use her computer.D) The man should buy a computer right away.7. A) The visiting economist has given several lectures.B) The guest lecturer’s opinion is different from Dr. Johnson’s.C) Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.D) Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college.8. A) She’s never watched a better game.B) Football is her favorite pastime.C) The game has been canceled.D) Their team played very badly.9. A) The man should stick to what he’s doing.B) The man should take up a new hobby.C) The man should stop playing tennis.D) The man should find the cause for his failure.10. A) An invented story.B) A real life experience.C) An imaginary situation.D) A terrible nightmare.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the endof each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestion 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) The name of a German town.B) A resident of Frankfurt.C) A kind of German sausage.D) A kind of German bread.12. A) He sold fast food.B) He raised dogs.C) He was a cook.D) He was a Cartoonist.13. A) Because the Americans found they were from Germany.B) Because people thought they contained dog meat.C) Because people had to get used to their taste.D) Because it was too hot to eat right away.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They give out faint cries.B) They made noises to drive away insects.C) They extend their water pipes.D) They become elastic like rubber bands.15. A) Quiet plants.B) Well-watered plants.C) Healthy plants.D) Thirsty plants.16. A) They could drive the insects away.B) They could keep the plants well-watered.C) They could make the plants grow faster.D) They could build devices to trap insects.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) To look for a different lifestyle.B) To enjoy themselves.C) For adventure.D) For education.18. A) There are 200 vehicles for every kilometer of roadway.B) It has a dense population.C) There are many museums and palaces.D) It has many towering buildings.19. A) It is a city of contrasts.B) It possesses many historical sites.C) It is an important industrial center.D) It has many big and beautiful parks.20. A) It helps develop our personalities.B) It enables us to acquire first-hand knowledge.C) It makes our life more interesting.D) It brings about changes in our lifestyle.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows. Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk（废话）”. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society’s moral catastrophes（灾难）, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments（困境）of other people’s lives.Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual’s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable. Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show’s main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time. Money, and stability to deal with life’s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18- to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some val ue and lessons to be learned underneath the show’s exploitation. While the two shows are as different as night and day. Both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.21. Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and theOprah Winfrey are ________________.A) more family-orientedB) unusually popularC) more profoundD) relatively formal22. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience _________.A) remain fascinated by themB) are ready to face up to themC) remain indifferent to themD) are willing to get involved in them23. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?A) A new type of robot.B) Racist hatred.C) Family budget planning.D) Street violence.24. Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both ____________.A) ironicalB) sensitiveC) instructiveD) cynical25. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows ___________.A) have monopolized the talk show circuitB) exploit the weaknesses in human natureC) appear at different times of the dayD) are targeted at different audiencesPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship” to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money. Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.This concept does not imply that business is benevolent（慈善的）or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction – the firm and the customer – and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. Thenon-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new King Customer ruled!26. The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence,____________.A) the practice of turning goods into moneyB) making goods available for purchaseC) the customer-centred approachD) a form of persuasive salesmanship27. What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?A) The needs of the market.B) The efficiency of production.C) The satisfaction of the user.D) The preferences of the dealer.28. According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible” (Lines 3-4, Pa ra. I) means “_______________”.A) to sell the largest possible amount of goodsB) to transport goods as efficiently as possibleC) to dispose of these goods in large quantitiesD) to redesign these goods for large-scale production29. What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?A) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.B) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.C) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.D) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.30. In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on ___________.A) its main characteristicB) its social impactC) its possible consequenceD) its theoretical basisPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy（冷漠）and stagnation（呆滞）. Too much conflict leads to divisiveness（分裂） and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led topoor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.31. In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is___________.A) wrongB) oversimplifiedC) misleadingD) unclear32. Professor Charles R. Schwenk’s research shows _______________.A) the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB) the real value of conflictC) the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflictD) the complexity of defining the roles of conflict33. We can learn from Schwenk’s research that ___________.A) a person’s view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organizationB) conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizationsC) different people resolve conflicts in different waysD) it is impossible for people to avoid conflict34. The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations ____________.A) there is no end of conflictB) expression of different opinions is encouragedC) decisions must be justifiableD) success lies in general agreement35. People working in a not-for-profit organization _____________.A) seem to be difficult to satisfyB) are free to express diverse opinionsC) are less effective in making decisionsD) find it easier to reach agreementPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Imagine eating everything delicious you want—with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldn’t it?New “fake fat” products appeared on store shelves in the United States recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods. Critics, however, say the new compound can rob the body of essential vitamins and nutrients（营养物）and can also cause unpleasant side effects in some people. So it’s up t o consumers to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep eating.Chemists discovered olestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for a fat that could be digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desired fat, t he researchers created a fat that can’t be digested at all.Normally, special chemicals in the intestines（肠）“grab” molecules of regular fat and break them down so they can be used by the body. Amolecule of regular fat is made up of three molecule of substances called fatty acids.The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring with them the essential vitamins A, D, E, and K. When fat molecules are present in the intestines with any of those vitamins, the vitamins attach to the molecules and are carried into the bloodstream.Olestra, which is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without being broken down. Manufacturers say it’s that ability to slide unchanged through the intestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E, and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids（类胡萝卜素）, compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.Manufacturers are adding vitamins A, D, E, and K as well as carotenoids to their products now. Even so, some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many calories they are consuming.36. We learn from the passage that olestra is a substance that______________.A) contains plenty of nutrientsB) renders foods calorie-free while retaining their vitaminsC) makes foods easily digestibleD) makes foods fat-free while keeping them delicious37. The result of the search for an easily digestible fat turned out to be ____________.A) commercially uselessB) just as anticipatedC) somewhat controversialD) quite unexpected38. Olestra is different from ordinary fats in that _____________.A) it passes through the intestines without being absorbedB) it facilitates the absorption of vitamins by the bodyC) it helps reduce the incidence of heart diseaseD) it prevents excessive intake of vitamins39. What is a possible negative effect of olestra according to some critics?A) It may impair the digestive system.B) It may affect the overall fat intake.C) It may increase the risk of cancer.D) It many spoil the consumers’ appetite.40. Why are nutritionists concerned about adding vitamins to olestra?A) It may lead to the over-consumption of vitamins.B) People may be induced to eat more than is necessary.C) The function of the intestines may be weakened.D) It may trigger a new wave of fake food production.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. The doctors don’t ___________ that he will live much longer.A) articulate B) anticipateC) manifest D) monitor42. I suggest we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite ___________.A) eligible B) sustainableC) probable D) feasible43. The old gentleman was a very ______ looking person, with grey hair and gold spectacles.A) respectful B) respectedC) respective D) respectable44. This book is expected to ____________ the best-seller lists.A) promote B) prevailC) dominate D) exemplify45. That part of the city has long been ____________ for its street violence.A) notorious B) responsibleC) historical D) illegal46. Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat _____ by steam.A) towed B) pressedC) tossed D) propelled47. Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, ___________ themselves.A) expanding B) stretchingC) prolonging D) extending48. England’s team, who are now superbly fit, will be doing their best next week to _________ themselves for last year’s defeat.A) revive B) retortC) revenge D) remedy49. If you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to ____________ away all the rocks.A) haul B) transferC) repel D) dispose50. It took us only a few hours to ___________ the paper off all four walls.A) shear B) scrapeC) stroke D) chip51. The famous scientist ______________ his success to hard work.A) imparted B) grantedC) ascribed D) acknowledged52. It is difficult to _____________ of a plan to end poverty.A) speculate B) conceiveC) ponder D) reckon53. Now the cheers and applause ___________ in a single sustained roar.A) mingled B) concentratedC) assembled D) permeated54. Improved consumer confidence is _____________ to an economic recovery.A) crucial B) subordinateC) cumulative D) satisfactory55. Although the body is made up of many different tissues, these tissues are arranged in an _____________ and orderly fashion.A) incredible B) intricateC) internal D) initial56. If you work under a car when repairing it, you often get very____________.A) waxy B) slipperyC) sticky D) greasy57. The damage to his car was _______________; therefore, he could repair it himself.A) considerable B) appreciableC) negligible D) invisible58. My sister is quite ____________ and plans to get an M. A. degree within one year.A) aggressive B) enthusiasticC) considerate D) ambitious59. The manager tried to wave aside these issues as ______ details that would be settled later.A) versatile B) trivialC) preliminary D) alternate60. His ________________ was telling him that something was wrong.A) intuition B) hypothesisC) inspiration D) sentiment61. This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important ____ of American life.A) fashions B) frontiersC) facets D) formats62. Parents often faced the _____between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way ofundisciplined noise and destructiveness.A) paradox B) junctionC) dilemma D) premise63. Clark felt that his ______________ in one of the most dramatic medical experiments of all time was worth the suffering he underwent.A) apprehension B) appreciationC) presentation D) participation64. As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the _________ of a brilliant career.A) threshold B) edgeC) porch D) course65. The ___________ lawyer made a great impression on the jury.A) protecting B) guardingC) defending D) shielding66. Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of which was very __________.A) dim B) obscureC) conspicuous D) intelligible67. This movie is not ______________ for children to see: it contains too much violence and too many love scenes.A) profound B) validC) decent D) upright68. The wood was so rotten that, when we pulled, it ______________ into fragments.A) broke off B) broke awayC) broke through D) broke up69. The detective and his assistant have begun to ____________ the mysterious murder.A) come through B) look intoC) make over D) see to70. Sadly, the Giant Panda is one of the many species now in danger of ____________.A) extinction B) migrationC) destruction D) extractionPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (／) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods. 1. time/times/periodMany of the arguments having used for the study of literature 2. ／___________as a school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3. the___________Until the very latest moment of his existence, man has beenbound to the planet on which he originated and devel-oped. Now he had the capability to leave that planet and move 71.__________out into the universe to those worlds which he has knownpreviously only directly. Men have explored parts of the moon. 72.__________put spaceships in orbit around another planet and possibly within the decade will land into another planet and explore it. Can we be 73. __________too bold as to suggest that we may be able to colonize other 74. __________ planet within the not-too-distant future? Some have advocated 75.__________such a procedure as a solution to the population problem: ship theexcess people off to the moon. But we must keep in head the 76. __________ billions of dollars we might spend in carrying out the project. To maintain the earth’s population at its present level, we would have to blast off into space 7,500 people every hour of every day of the year.Why are we spending so little money on space ex- 77. __________ ploration? Consider the great need for improving many aspects 78.__________of the global environment, one is surely justified in hisconcern for the money and resources that they are poured into 79.__________the space exploration efforts. But perhaps we should look atboth sides of the coin before arriving hasty conclusions. 80. __________Part V Writing (30 minutes)Direction: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance My College Education. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.1. 上大学的费用（tuition and fees）可以通过多种途径解决2. 哪种途径适合于我（说明理由）How I Finance My College Education2000.11. D2. A3. C4. B5. C6. B7. B8. D9. A 10. C11. C 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D 16. D 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B41. B 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B51. C 52. B 53. A 54. A 55. B 56. D 57. C 58. D 59. B 60. A61. C 62. C 63. D 64. A 65. C 66. B 67. C 68. D 69. B 70. A71. had à has 72. directly à indirectly73. into à on 74. too à so75. planet à planets / worlds 76. head à mind77. little à much 78. Consider à Considering79. they à /80. (arriving) à (arriving) at 或arriving à reaching/drawing/making。

2000年1月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) To cancel his trip.B) To go to bed early.C) To catch a later flight.D) To ask for a wake-up call.2. A) They have different opinions as to what to do next.B) They have to pay for the house by installments.C) They will fix a telephone in the bathroom.D) The man’s attitude is more sensible than the woman’s.3. A) Sh e will save the stamps for the man’s sister.B) She will no longer get letters from Canada.C) She can’t give the stamps to the man’s sister.D) She has given the stamps to the man’s roommates.4. A) Visiting the Brownings.B) Writing a postcard.C) Looking for a postcard.D) Filling in a form.5. A) The man should work with somebody else.B) The man should meet his partner’s needs.C) They should come to a compromise.D) They should find a better lab for the project.6. A) She can’t finish her assignment, either.B) She can’t afford a computer right now.C) The man can use her computer.D) The man should buy a computer right away.7. A) The visiting economist has given several lectures.B) The guest lecturer’s opinion is different from Dr. Johnson’s.C) Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.D) Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college.8. A) She’s never watched a better game.B) Football is her favorite pastime.C) The game has been canceled.D) Their team played very badly.9. A) The man should stick to what he’s doing.B) The man should take up a new hobby.C) The man should stop playing tennis.D) The man should find the cause for his failure.10. A) An invented story.B) A real life experience.C) An imaginary situation.D) A terrible nightmare.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the endof each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestion 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) The name of a German town.B) A resident of Frankfurt.C) A kind of German sausage.D) A kind of German bread.12. A) He sold fast food.B) He raised dogs.C) He was a cook.D) He was a Cartoonist.13. A) Because the Americans found they were from Germany.B) Because people thought they contained dog meat.C) Because people had to get used to their taste.D) Because it was too hot to eat right away.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They give out faint cries.B) They made noises to drive away insects.C) They extend their water pipes.D) They become elastic like rubber bands.15. A) Quiet plants.B) Well-watered plants.C) Healthy plants.D) Thirsty plants.16. A) They could drive the insects away.B) They could keep the plants well-watered.C) They could make the plants grow faster.D) They could build devices to trap insects.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) To look for a different lifestyle.B) To enjoy themselves.C) For adventure.D) For education.18. A) There are 200 vehicles for every kilometer of roadway.B) It has a dense population.C) There are many museums and palaces.D) It has many towering buildings.19. A) It is a city of contrasts.B) It possesses many historical sites.C) It is an important industrial center.D) It has many big and beautiful parks.20. A) It helps develop our personalities.B) It enables us to acquire first-hand knowledge.C) It makes our life more interesting.D) It brings about changes in our lifestyle.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows. Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of “trash talk（废话）”. The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society’s moral catastrophes（灾难）, yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments（困境）of other people’s lives.Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual’s quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a “final word”. He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable. Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show’s main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time. Money, and stability to deal with life’s tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18- to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some val ue and lessons to be learned underneath the show’s exploitation. While the two shows are as different as night and day. Both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.21. Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and theOprah Winfrey are ________________.A) more family-orientedB) unusually popularC) more profoundD) relatively formal22. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience _________.A) remain fascinated by themB) are ready to face up to themC) remain indifferent to themD) are willing to get involved in them23. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?A) A new type of robot.B) Racist hatred.C) Family budget planning.D) Street violence.24. Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both ____________.A) ironicalB) sensitiveC) instructiveD) cynical25. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows ___________.A) have monopolized the talk show circuitB) exploit the weaknesses in human natureC) appear at different times of the dayD) are targeted at different audiencesPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on “persuasive salesmanship” to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money. Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.This concept does not imply that business is benevolent（慈善的）or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction – the firm and the customer – and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. Thenon-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new King Customer ruled!26. The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence,____________.A) the practice of turning goods into moneyB) making goods available for purchaseC) the customer-centred approachD) a form of persuasive salesmanship27. What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?A) The needs of the market.B) The efficiency of production.C) The satisfaction of the user.D) The preferences of the dealer.28. According to the passage, “to move as much of these goods as possible” (Lines 3-4, Pa ra. I) means “_______________”.A) to sell the largest possible amount of goodsB) to transport goods as efficiently as possibleC) to dispose of these goods in large quantitiesD) to redesign these goods for large-scale production29. What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?A) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.B) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.C) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.D) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.30. In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on ___________.A) its main characteristicB) its social impactC) its possible consequenceD) its theoretical basisPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy（冷漠）and stagnation（呆滞）. Too much conflict leads to divisiveness（分裂） and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led topoor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.31. In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is___________.A) wrongB) oversimplifiedC) misleadingD) unclear32. Professor Charles R. Schwenk’s research shows _______________.A) the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB) the real value of conflictC) the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflictD) the complexity of defining the roles of conflict33. We can learn from Schwenk’s research that ___________.A) a person’s view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organizationB) conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizationsC) different people resolve conflicts in different waysD) it is impossible for people to avoid conflict34. The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations ____________.A) there is no end of conflictB) expression of different opinions is encouragedC) decisions must be justifiableD) success lies in general agreement35. People working in a not-for-profit organization _____________.A) seem to be difficult to satisfyB) are free to express diverse opinionsC) are less effective in making decisionsD) find it easier to reach agreementPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:Imagine eating everything delicious you want—with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldn’t it?New “fake fat” products appeared on store shelves in the United States recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods. Critics, however, say the new compound can rob the body of essential vitamins and nutrients（营养物）and can also cause unpleasant side effects in some people. So it’s up t o consumers to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep eating.Chemists discovered olestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for a fat that could be digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desired fat, t he researchers created a fat that can’t be digested at all.Normally, special chemicals in the intestines（肠）“grab” molecules of regular fat and break them down so they can be used by the body. Amolecule of regular fat is made up of three molecule of substances called fatty acids.The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring with them the essential vitamins A, D, E, and K. When fat molecules are present in the intestines with any of those vitamins, the vitamins attach to the molecules and are carried into the bloodstream.Olestra, which is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without being broken down. Manufacturers say it’s that ability to slide unchanged through the intestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E, and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids（类胡萝卜素）, compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.Manufacturers are adding vitamins A, D, E, and K as well as carotenoids to their products now. Even so, some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many calories they are consuming.36. We learn from the passage that olestra is a substance that______________.A) contains plenty of nutrientsB) renders foods calorie-free while retaining their vitaminsC) makes foods easily digestibleD) makes foods fat-free while keeping them delicious37. The result of the search for an easily digestible fat turned out to be ____________.A) commercially uselessB) just as anticipatedC) somewhat controversialD) quite unexpected38. Olestra is different from ordinary fats in that _____________.A) it passes through the intestines without being absorbedB) it facilitates the absorption of vitamins by the bodyC) it helps reduce the incidence of heart diseaseD) it prevents excessive intake of vitamins39. What is a possible negative effect of olestra according to some critics?A) It may impair the digestive system.B) It may affect the overall fat intake.C) It may increase the risk of cancer.D) It many spoil the consumers’ appetite.40. Why are nutritionists concerned about adding vitamins to olestra?A) It may lead to the over-consumption of vitamins.B) People may be induced to eat more than is necessary.C) The function of the intestines may be weakened.D) It may trigger a new wave of fake food production.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. The doctors don’t ___________ that he will live much longer.A) articulate B) anticipateC) manifest D) monitor42. I suggest we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite ___________.A) eligible B) sustainableC) probable D) feasible43. The old gentleman was a very ______ looking person, with grey hair and gold spectacles.A) respectful B) respectedC) respective D) respectable44. This book is expected to ____________ the best-seller lists.A) promote B) prevailC) dominate D) exemplify45. That part of the city has long been ____________ for its street violence.A) notorious B) responsibleC) historical D) illegal46. Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat _____ by steam.A) towed B) pressedC) tossed D) propelled47. Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, ___________ themselves.A) expanding B) stretchingC) prolonging D) extending48. England’s team, who are now superbly fit, will be doing their best next week to _________ themselves for last year’s defeat.A) revive B) retortC) revenge D) remedy49. If you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to ____________ away all the rocks.A) haul B) transferC) repel D) dispose50. It took us only a few hours to ___________ the paper off all four walls.A) shear B) scrapeC) stroke D) chip51. The famous scientist ______________ his success to hard work.A) imparted B) grantedC) ascribed D) acknowledged52. It is difficult to _____________ of a plan to end poverty.A) speculate B) conceiveC) ponder D) reckon53. Now the cheers and applause ___________ in a single sustained roar.A) mingled B) concentratedC) assembled D) permeated54. Improved consumer confidence is _____________ to an economic recovery.A) crucial B) subordinateC) cumulative D) satisfactory55. Although the body is made up of many different tissues, these tissues are arranged in an _____________ and orderly fashion.A) incredible B) intricateC) internal D) initial56. If you work under a car when repairing it, you often get very____________.A) waxy B) slipperyC) sticky D) greasy57. The damage to his car was _______________; therefore, he could repair it himself.A) considerable B) appreciableC) negligible D) invisible58. My sister is quite ____________ and plans to get an M. A. degree within one year.A) aggressive B) enthusiasticC) considerate D) ambitious59. The manager tried to wave aside these issues as ______ details that would be settled later.A) versatile B) trivialC) preliminary D) alternate60. His ________________ was telling him that something was wrong.A) intuition B) hypothesisC) inspiration D) sentiment61. This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important ____ of American life.A) fashions B) frontiersC) facets D) formats62. Parents often faced the _____between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way ofundisciplined noise and destructiveness.A) paradox B) junctionC) dilemma D) premise63. Clark felt that his ______________ in one of the most dramatic medical experiments of all time was worth the suffering he underwent.A) apprehension B) appreciationC) presentation D) participation64. As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the _________ of a brilliant career.A) threshold B) edgeC) porch D) course65. The ___________ lawyer made a great impression on the jury.A) protecting B) guardingC) defending D) shielding66. Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of which was very __________.A) dim B) obscureC) conspicuous D) intelligible67. This movie is not ______________ for children to see: it contains too much violence and too many love scenes.A) profound B) validC) decent D) upright68. The wood was so rotten that, when we pulled, it ______________ into fragments.A) broke off B) broke awayC) broke through D) broke up69. The detective and his assistant have begun to ____________ the mysterious murder.A) come through B) look intoC) make over D) see to70. Sadly, the Giant Panda is one of the many species now in danger of ____________.A) extinction B) migrationC) destruction D) extractionPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (／) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods. 1. time/times/periodMany of the arguments having used for the study of literature 2. ／___________as a school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3. the___________Until the very latest moment of his existence, man has beenbound to the planet on which he originated and devel-oped. Now he had the capability to leave that planet and move 71.__________out into the universe to those worlds which he has knownpreviously only directly. Men have explored parts of the moon. 72.__________put spaceships in orbit around another planet and possibly within the decade will land into another planet and explore it. Can we be 73. __________too bold as to suggest that we may be able to colonize other 74. __________ planet within the not-too-distant future? Some have advocated 75.__________such a procedure as a solution to the population problem: ship theexcess people off to the moon. But we must keep in head the 76. __________ billions of dollars we might spend in carrying out the project. To maintain the earth’s population at its present level, we would have to blast off into space 7,500 people every hour of every day of the year.Why are we spending so little money on space ex- 77. __________ ploration? Consider the great need for improving many aspects 78.__________of the global environment, one is surely justified in hisconcern for the money and resources that they are poured into 79.__________the space exploration efforts. But perhaps we should look atboth sides of the coin before arriving hasty conclusions. 80. __________Part V Writing (30 minutes)Direction: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance My College Education. You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below.1. 上大学的费用（tuition and fees）可以通过多种途径解决2. 哪种途径适合于我（说明理由）How I Finance My College Education2000.11. D2. A3. C4. B5. C6. B7. B8. D9. A 10. C11. C 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D 16. D 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 36. D 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B41. B 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. A 50. B51. C 52. B 53. A 54. A 55. B 56. D 57. C 58. D 59. B 60. A61. C 62. C 63. D 64. A 65. C 66. B 67. C 68. D 69. B 70. A71. had à has 72. directly à indirectly73. into à on 74. too à so75. planet à planets / worlds 76. head à mind77. little à much 78. Consider à Considering79. they à /80. (arriving) à (arriving) at 或arriving à reaching/drawing/making。

大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案（第1套）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of motivation and methods in learning. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【参考范文】As an old saying goes, knowledge can change one’s life. In order to acquire knowledge, we have to study hard. However, it can not be ignored that effective learning needs both motivation and scientific methods.It’s not difficult for us to come up with several possible reasons accounting for this perspective. In the first place, learning is a kind of serious and hard work. Therefore, not everyone is able to keep going without certain internal motivations. Besides, scientific methods play a significant role in improving learning efficiency. Many of us believe that the longer you study, the better grades you will get. But a lot of experiences of our classmates prove that this view is not entirely correct. In details, studying for a long time is exhausting and it is very likely to decrease study efficiency, which is critical to academic performance.From what has been mentioned above, we can easily draw a conclusion that the importance of motivation and methods in learning is self-evident. And it is necessary for us to develop good learning methods.【参考范文译文】俗话说，知识能改变命运。

大学英语六级CET6真题及答案大学英语六级CET6真题及答案part i listening comprehension (20 minutes)section a1.a) the dean should have consulted her on the appointment.b) dr. holden should have taken over the position earlier.c) she doesn’t think dr. holden has made a wise choice.d) dr. holden is the best person for the chairmanship.2 .a) they’ll keep in touch during the summer vacationb) they’ll hold a party before the summer vacationc) they’ll do odd jobs together at the school libraryd) they’ll get back to their school once in a while3. a)peaches are in season now.b)peaches are not at their best now.c)the woman didn’t know how to bargain.d)the woman helped the man choose the fruit.4.a)they join the physics club.b)they ask for an extension of the deadline.c)they work on the assignment together.d)they choose an easier assignment.5.a)she admires jean’s straightforwardnessb)she thinks dr. brown deserves the praisec)she will talk to jean about what happenedd)she believes jean was rude to dr. brown6.a)he liked writing when he was a childb)he enjoyed reading stories in reader’s digestc)he used to be an editor of reader’s digestd)he became well known at the age of six7.a)he shows great enthusiasm for his studiesb)he is a very versatile personc)he has no talent for tennisd)he does not study hard enough8 a) john has lost something at the railway stationb) there are several railway stations in the cityc) it will be very difficult for them to find johnd) the train that john is taking will arrive soon9. a)its rapid growth is beneficial to the worldb)it can be seen as a model by the rest of the worldc)its success can’t be explained by elementary economicsd)it will continue to surge forward10.a)it takes only 5 minutes to reach the campus from the apartmentsb)most students can’t afford to live in the new apartmentsc)the new apartments are not available until next monthd)the new apartments can accommodate 500 studentssection b11.a)the role of immigrants in the construction of american societyb)the importance of offering diverse courses in european historyc)the need for greater cultural diversity in the school curriculumd)the historic landing of europeans on the virginia shore12.a)he was wondering if the speaker was used to living in americab)he was trying to show friendliness to the speakerc)he wanted to keep their conversation goingd)he believed the speaker was a foreigner13.a)the us population doesn’t consist of white europeandescendants onlyb)asian tourists can speak english as well as native speakers of the languagec)colored people are not welcome in the united statesd)americans are in need of education in their history14.a)by making lawsb)by enforcing disciplinec)by educating the publicd)by holding ceremonies15.a)it should be raised by soldiersb)it should be raised quickly by handc)it should be raised only by americansd)it should be raised by mechanical means16.a)it should be attached to the statusb)it should be hung from the top of the monumentc)it should be spread over the object to be unveiledd)it should be carried high up in the air17.a)there has been a lot of controversy over the use of flagb)the best athletes can wear uniforms with the design of the flagc)there are precise regulations and customs to be followedd)americans can print the flag on their cushions or handkerchiefspassage three18.a)punishment by teachersb)poor academic performancec)truancyd)illness19.a)the board of educationb)principals of city schoolsc)students with good academic recordsd)students with good attendance records20 . a) punishing students who damage school propertyb) rewarding schools that have decreased the destructionc) promoting teachers who can prevent the destructiond) cutting the budget for repairs and replacementspart ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.passage onetoo many vulnerable child-free adults are being ruthlessly(无情的)manipulated into parent-hood b y their parents , who think that happiness among older people depends on having a grand-child to spoil. we need an organization to help beat down the persistent campaigns of grandchildles s parents. it’s time to establish planned grandparenthood, which would have many global and local benefits. [page]part of its mission would be to promote the risks and realities associated with being a grandpa rent. the staff would include depressed grandparents who would explain how grandkids break la mps, bite, scream and kick. others would detail how an hour of baby-sitting often turns into a crying marathon. more grandparents would testify that they had to pay for their grandchild’s expensive college education.planned grandparenthood’s carefully written literature would detail all the joys of life grand-chi ld-free a calm living room, extra money for luxuries during the golden years, etc. potential gran dparents would be reminded that, without grandchildren around, it’s possible to have a conver sation with your kids, who----incidentally-----would have more time for their own parents . meanwhile, most children are vulnerable to theenormous influence exerted by grandchildless pa rents aiming to persuade their kids to produce children . they will take a call from a pe rsistent parent, even if they’re loaded with works. in addition, some parents make handsome money offers payable upon the grandchild’s birth. sometimes these gifts not only cover expenses associated with the infant’s birth, but extras, too, like a vacatio n. in any case, cash gifts can weak en the resolve of even the noblest person.at planned grandparenthood, children targeted by their parents to reproduce could obtain non-bi ased information about the insanity of having their own kids. the catastrophic psychological and economic costs of childbearing would be emphasized. the symptoms of morning sickness would be listed and horrors of childbirth pictured. a monthly newsletter would contain stories about overwhelmed parents and offer guidance on how childless adults can respond to the different lo bbying tactics that would-be grandparents employ.when i think about all the problems of our overpopulated world and look at our boy grabbing at the lamp by the sofa, i wish i could have turned to planned grandparenthood when my pare nts were putting the grandchild squeeze on me.if i could have, i might not be in this parenthood predicament( 窘境) . but here’s the crazy ir ony, i don’t want my child-free life back . dylan’s too much fun.21. what’s the purpose of the proposed organization planned grandparenthood?a) to encourage childless couples to have children.b) to provide facilities and services for grandchildless parents.c) to offer counseling to people on how to raisegrandchildren.d) to discourage people from insisting on having grandchildren.22. planned grandparenthood would include depressed grandparents on its staff in order to____.a) show them the joys of life grandparents may have in raising grandchildrenb) draw attention to the troubles and difficulties grandchildren may causec) share their experience in raising grandchildren in a more scientific wayd) help raise funds to cover the high expense of education for grandchildren23. according to the passage, some couples may eventually choose to have children because___ __.a) they find it hard to resist the carrot-and-stick approach of their parentsb) they have learn from other parents about the joys of having childrenc) they feel more and more lonely ad they grow olderd) they have found it irrational to remain childless24.by saying “…my parents were putting the grandchild squeeze on me”(line 2-3,para. 6), t he author means that _________.a) her parents kept pressuring her to have a childb) her parents liked to have a grandchild in their armsc) her parents asked her to save for the expenses of raising a childd) her parents kept blaming her for her child’s bad behavior25.what does the author really of the idea of having children?a) it does more harm than good.b) it contributes to overpopulation.c) it is troublesome but rewarding.d) it is a psychological catastrophepassage twoquestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.ask most people how they define the american dream and chances are they’ll say, “success.”the dream of individua l opportunity has been home in american since europeans discovered a “new world”in the western hemisphere. early immigrants like hector st. jean de crevecoeur praised highly the freedom and opportunity to be found in this new land. his glowing descriptio ns of a classless society where anyone could attain success through honesty and hard work fire d the imaginations of many european readers: in letters from an american farmer (1782) he wr ote. “we are all excited at the spirit of an industry which is unfettered (无拘无束的) and unre strained, because each person works for himself …we have no princes, for whom we toil (干苦力活)，starve, and bleed: we are the most perfect society now existing in the world.”the p romise of a land where “the rewards of a man’s industry f ollow with equal steps the progre ss of his labor”drew poor immigrants from europe and fueled national expansion into the we stern territories. [page] our national mythology (神化) is full of illustration the american success story. there’s benjami n frankli n, the very model of the self-educated, self-made man, who rose from modest origins t o become a well-known scientist, philosopher, and statesman. in the nineteenth century, horatio alger, a writer of fiction for young boys, became american’s best-selling author with rags-to-ri ches tales. the notion of success haunts us:we spend million every year reading about the rich and famous, learning how to “make a fortune in real estate with no money down,”and “dressing for success.”the myth of success has even invaded our personal relationships: today it’s as important to be “successful”in marriage or parenthoods as it is to come out on t op in business.but dreams easily turn into nightmares. every american who hopes to “make it”also knows t he fear of failure, because the myth of success inevitably implies comparison between the haves and the have-nots, the stars and the anonymous crowd. under pressure of the myth, we beco me indulged in status symbols: we try to live in the “right”neighborhoods, wear the “right”clothes, eat the “right”foods. these symbols of distinction assure us and others that we bel ieve strongly in the fundamental equality of all, yet strive as hard as we can to separate oursel ves from our fellow citizens.26. what is the essence of the american dream according to crevecoeur?a) people are free to develop their power of imagination.b) people who are honest and work hard can succeed.c) people are free from exploitation and oppression.d) people can fully enjoy individual freedom.27.by sayi ng “the rewards of a man’s industry follow with equal steps the progress of his la bor”(line 10, para. 1), the author means __________ .a) the more diligent one is, the bigger his returnsb) laborious work ensures the growth of an industryc) a man’s busi ness should be developed step by stepd) a company’s success depends on its employees’hard work28. the characters described in horatio alger’s novels are people who _______.a) succeed in real estate investmentb) earned enormous fortunes by chancesc) became wealthy after starting life very poord) became famous despite their modest origins29. it can be inferred from the last sentence of the second paragraph that _________.a) business success often contributes to a successful marriageb) americans wish to succeed in every aspect of lifec) good personal relationships lead to business successd) successful business people provide good care for their children30. what is the paradox of american culture according to the author?a) the american road to success is full of nightmares.b) status symbols are not a real indicator of a person’s wealth.c) the american dream is nothing but an empty dream.d) what americans strive after often contradicts their beliefs.passage threequestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.public distrust of scientists stems in part from the blurring of boundaries between science and t echnology, between discovery and manufacture. most government, perhaps all governments, justi fy public expenditure on scientific research in terms of the economic benefits the scientific ente rprise ha brought in the past and will bring in the future. politicians remind their voters of the splendid machines ‘our scientists’have invented, the newdrugs to relieve old ailments (病痛), and the new surgical equipment and techniques by which previously intractable (难治疗的) conditions may now be treated and lives saved. at the same time, the politicians demand of sci entists that they tailor their research to ‘economics needs’, that they award a hi gher priority to research proposals that are ‘near the market’and can be translated into the greatest re turn on investment in the shortest time. dependent, as they are, on politicians for much of thei r funding, scientists have little choice but to comply. like the rest of us, they are members of a society that rates the creation of wealth as the greatest possible good. many have reservation s, but keep them to themselves in what they perceive as a climate hostile to the pursuit of un derstanding for its own sake and the idea of an inquiring, creative spirit. [page]in such circumstances no one should be too hard on people who are suspicious of conflicts of i nterest. when we learn that the distinguished professor assuring us of the safety of a particular product holds a consultancy with the company making it, we cannot be blamed for wondering whether his fee might conceivably cloud his professional judgment. even if the professor holds no consultancy with any firm, some people many still distrust him because of his association wi th those who do, or at least wonder about the source of some his research funding.this attitude can have damaging effects. it questions the integrity of individuals working in a pr ofession that prizes intellectual honesty as the supreme virtue, and plays into the hands of those who would like to discredit scientists by representing then a venal (可以收买的). this makes i t easier to dismiss all scientific pronouncements, but especially those made by the scientists who present themselv es as ‘experts’. the scientist most likely to understand the safety of a nuc lear reactor, for example, is a nuclear engineer declares that a reactor is unsafe, we believe hi m, because clearly it is not to his advantage to lie about it. if he tells us it is safe, on the oth er hand, we distrust him, because he may well be protecting the employer who pays his salary.31. what is the chief concern of most governments when it comes to scientific research?a) support from the votes.b) the reduction of public expenditure.c) quick economics returns.d) the budget for a research project.32. scientist have to adapt their research to ‘economic needs’in order to _________ .a) impress the public with their achievementsb) pursue knowledge for knowledge’s sakec) obtain funding from the governmentd) translate knowledge into wealth33. why won’t scientists complain about the government’s policy concerning scientific researc h?a) they think they work in an environment hostile to the free pursuit of knowledge.b) they are accustomed to keeping their opinions to themselves.c) they know it takes patience to win support from the public.d) they think compliance with government policy is in the interests of the public.34. according to the author, people are suspicious of theprofessional judgment of scientists bec ause ___________ .a) their pronouncements often turn out to be wrongb) sometimes they hide the source of their research fundingc) some of them do not give priority to intellectual honestyd) they could be influenced by their association with the project concerned35. why does the author say that public distrust of scientists can have damaging effects?a) it makes things difficult for scientists seeking research funds.b) people would not believe scientists even when they tell the truth.c) it may dampen the enthusiasm of scientists for independent research.d) scientists themselves may doubt the value of their research findings.passage fourquestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.in many ways, today’s business environment has changed qualitatively since the late 1980s. th e end of the cold war radically altered the very nature of the world’s politics and economics. in just a few short years, globalization has started a variety of trends with profound conseque nces: the opening of markets, true global competition, widespread deregulation (解除政府对……的控制) of industry, and an abundance of accessible capital. we have experienced both the benefits and risks of a truly global economy, with both wall street and main street (平民百姓) feeli ng the pains of economic disorder half a world away.at the same time, we have fully entered the information age,starting breakthroughs in informat ion technology have irreversibly altered the ability to conduct business unconstrained by the tra ditional limitations of time or space. today, it’s almost impossible to imagine a world without intranets, e-mail, and portable computers. with stunning speed, the internet is profoundly changi ng the way we work, shop, do business, and communicate. [page]as a consequence, we have truly entered the post-industrial economy. we are rapidly shifting fr om an economy based on manufacturing and commodities to one that places the greatest value on information, services, support, and distribution. that shift, in turn, place an unprecedented p remium on “knowledge workers,”a new class of wealthy, educated, and mobile people who view themselves as free agents in a seller’s market.beyond the realm of information technology, the accelerated pace of technological change in vir tually every industry has created entirely new business, wiped out others, and produced a perva sive( 广泛的) demand for continuous innovation. new product, process ,and distribution technolo gies provide powerful levers for creating competitive value. more companies are learning the im portance of destructive technologies-----innovations that hold the potential to make a product lin e, or even an entire business segment, virtually outdated.another major trend has been the fragmentation of consumer and business markets. there’s a growing appreciation that superficially similar groups of customers may have very different pref erences in terms of what they want to buy and how they want to buy it. now, new technolog y makes it easier, faster ,and cheaper to identify and serve targeted micro-markets in ways that were physically impossible or prohibitively expensivein the past. moreover, the trend feeds on itself, a business’s ability to serve sub-markets fuels customers’appetites for more and more specialized offerings.36. according to the first paragraph, the chances in the business environment in the past decad es can be attributed to __________.a) technological advancesb) worldwide economic disorderc) the fierce competition in industryd) the globalization of economy37. what idea does the author want to convey in the second paragraph ?a) the rapid development of information technology has taken businessmen by surpriseb) information technology has removed the restrictions of time and space in business transactio nsc) the internet, intranets, e-mail, and portable computers have penetrated every corner of the world.d) the way we do business today has brought about startling breakthroughs in information tech nology.38. if a business wants to thrive in the post-industrial economy,__________a) it has to invest more capital in the training of free agents to operate in a seller’s marketb) it should try its best to satisfy the increasing demands of mobile knowledgeable peoplec) it should not overlook the importance of information, services, support, and distributiond) it has to provide each of its employees with the latestinformation about the changing mark et39. in the author’s view, destructive technologies are innovations which _________a) can eliminate an entire business segmentb) demand a radical change in providing servicesc) may destroy the potential of a company to make any profitd) call for continuous improvement in ways of doing business40. with the fragmentation of consumer and business markets ______________a) an increasing number of companies have disintegratedb) manufacturers must focus on one special product to remain competitive in the marketc) it is physically impossible and prohibitively expensive to do business in the old wayd) businesses have to meet individual customers’specific needs in order to succeed .part iii vocabulary (20minutes)41. it seems somewhat ___________ to expect anyone to drive3 hours just for a 20-minute m eeting.a) eccentric b) impossible c) absurd d) unique42. this area of the park has been specially __________ for children, but accompanying adults a re also welcome.a) inaugurated b) designated c) entitled d) delegated43. the girl’s face __________ with embarrassment duri ng the interview when she couldn’t a nswer the tough question.a) beamed b) dazzled c) radiated d) flushed44. slavery was __________ in canada in 1833, and canadian authorities encouraged the slaves, who escaped from america, to settle on its vast virgin land [page]a) diluted b) dissipated c) abolished d) resigned45. unfortunately, the new edition of dictionary is __________ in all major bookshops.a) out of reach b) out of stock c) out of business d) out of season46. the hands on my alarm clock are __________, so i can see what time it is in the dark.a) exotic b) gorgeous c) luminous d) spectacular47. psychologists have done extensive studies on how well patients __________ with doctors’orders.a) comply b) correspond c) interfere d) interact48. in today’s class, the students were asked to __their mistakes on the exam paper and put in their possible corrections.a) cancel b) omit c)extinguish d)erase49. the government’s policies will come under close __ in the weeks before the election.a) appreciation b) specification c)scrutiny d)apprehension50. police and villagers unanimously __the forest fire to thunder and lightning.a) ascribed b) approached c)confirmed d)confined51. in some remote places there are still very poor people who can’t afford to live in __cond itions.a) gracious b) decent c)honorable d)positive52. since our knowledge is __ none of us can exclude the possibility of being wrong.a) controlled b )restrained c)finite d)delicate53. you shouldn’t __your father’s instructions. anyway he is an experienced teacher.a) deduce b) deliberate c)defy d)denounce54. the company management attempted to __information that was not favorable to them, but it was all in vain.a) suppress b) supplement c)concentrate d)plug55. it is my hope that everyone in this class should __ their errors before it is too late.a) refute b) exclude c)expel d)rectify56. the boy’s foolish question __his mother who was busy with housework and had no intere st in talking.a) intrigued b) fascinated c) irritated d)stimulated57. millions of people around the world have some type of physical, mental, or emotional __ t hat severely limits their abilities to manage their daily activities.a) scandal b) misfortune c)deficit d)handicap58. it is believed that the feeding patterns parents __ on their children can determine their ado lescent and adult eating habits.a) compel b) impose c)evoke d)necessitate59.if the value-added tax were done away with, it would act as a __ to consumption.a) progression b) prime c)stability d)stimulus60. the bride and groom promised to __ each other through sickness and health.a) nourish b) nominate c)roster d)cherish61. they’re going to build a big office block on that __ piece of land.a) void b) vacant c)blank d)shallow62. without any hesitation, she took off her shoes, __up her skirt and splashed across the strea m.a) tucked b) revolved c)twisted d)curled63.very few people could understand his lecture because the subject was very __.a) faint b) obscure c)gloomy d)indefinite64. professor smith explained the movement of light__ thatof water.a) by analogy with b) by virtue of c)in line with d)in terms of65. tom is bankrupt now. he is desperate because all his efforts __ failure.a) tumbled to b) hinged upon c)inflicted on d)culminated in66. while fashion is thought of usually __ clothing, it is important to realize that it covers a m uch wider domain.a) in relation to b) in proportion to c)by means of d)on behalf of67. the meaning of the sentence is __; you can interpret it in several ways.a) skeptical b) intelligible c)ambiguous d)exclusive68. cancer is a group of diseases in which there is uncontrolled and disordered growth of __ c ells.a) irrelevant b) inferior c)controversial d)abnormal69.at that time, the economy was still undergoing a __,and job offers were hard to get.a) concession b) supervision c)recession d)deviation70.i could hear nothing but the roar of the airplane engines which __all other sounds.a) overturned b) drowned c)deafened d)smoothedpart iv error correction (15 minutes)every week hundreds of cvs(简历) land on our desks.we’ve seen it all: cvs printed on pink paper, cvs that are 10 pages long and cvs with silly mistakes in first paragraph. a s1 _____________ [page]good cv is your passport to an interview and ,ultimate , to s2______________the job you want initial impressions are vital, and a badly presented cvcould mean acceptance, regardless of what’s in it. s3______________here are a few ways to avoid end up on the reject pile. s4______________print your cv on good-quality white paper.cvs with flowery backgrounds or pink paper willstand out upon all the wrong reasons s5_______________get someone to check for spelling and grammaticalerrors, because a spell-checker will pick up every s6_______________mistake. cvs with errors will be rejected-it showsthat you don’t pay attention to detail.restrict your self to one or two pages, andlisting any publications or referees on a separate sheet. s7_______________if you are sending your cv electronically, check theformatting by sending it to yourself first. keep up s8______________the format simple.do not send a photo unless specifically requested. ifyou have to send on ,make sure it is one taking in a s9_____________professional setting, rather than a holiday snap.getting the presentation right is just the first step. whatabout the content? the rule here is to keep it factual andtruthful-exaggerations usually get find out. and remember s10____________to tailor your cv to each different job.part v writing (30minutes)direction for this part ,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a。

2000年1月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案一、单选题第1题：The doctors don't ______ that he will live much longer.A) articulate C) manifestB) anticipate D) monitor【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第2题：I suggest we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite ______.A) eligible C) probableB) sustainable D) feasible【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第3题：The old gentleman was a very ______ looking person, with grey hair and gold spectacles.A) respectful C) respective B) respected D) respectable【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第4题：This book is expected to ______ the best-seller lists.A) promote C) dominate B) prevail D) exemplify【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第5题：That part of the city has long been ______ for its street violence.A) notorious C) historicalB) responsible D) illegal【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第6题：Under the guidance of their teacher, the pupils are building a model boat ______ by steam.A) towed C) tossed B) pressed D) propelled【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第7题：Having finished their morning work, the clerks stood up behind their desks, ______ themselves.A) expanding C) prolongingB) stretching D) extending【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第8题：England's team, who are now superbly fit, will be doing their best next week to ______ themselves for last year's defeat.A) revive C) revenge B) retort D) remedy【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第9题：If you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to ______ away all the rocks.A) haul C) repel B) transfer D) dispose【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第10题：It took us only a few hours to ______ the paper off all four walls.A) shear C) strokeB) scrape D) chip【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第11题：The famous scientist ______ his success to hard work.A) imparted C) ascribedB) granted D) acknowledged【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第12题：It is difficult to ______ of a plan to end poverty.A) speculate C) ponder B) conceive D) reckon【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第13题：Now the cheers and applause ______ in a single sustained roar.A) mingled C) assembled B) concentrated D) permeated【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第14题：Improved consumer confidence is ______ to an economic recovery.A) crucial C) cumulative B) subordinate D) satisfactory【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第15题：Although the body is made up of many different tissues, these tissues are arranged in an ______ and orderly fashion.A) incredible C) internalB) intricate D) initial【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第16题：If you work under a car when repairing it, you often get very ______.A) waxy C) stickyB) slippery D) greasy【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第17题：The damage to his car was ______; therefore, he could repair it himself.A) considerable C) negligibleB) appreciable D) invisible【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第18题：My sister is quite ______ and plans to get an M. A. degree within one year.A) aggressive C) considerateB) enthusiastic D) ambitious【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第19题：The manager tried to wave aside these issues as ______ details that would be settled later.A) versatile C) preliminaryB) trivial D) alternate【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第20题：His ______ was telling him that something was wrong.A) intuition C) inspirationB) hypothesis D) sentiment【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第21题：This book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important ______ of American life.A) fashions C) facetsB) frontiers D) formats【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第22题：Parents often faced the ______ between doing what they felt was good for the development of the child and what they could stand by way of undisciplined noise and destructiveness.A) paradox C) dilemmaB) junction D) premise【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第23题：Clark felt that his ______ in one of the most dramatic medical experiments of all time was worth the suffering he underwent.A) apprehension C) presentationB) appreciation D) participation【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第24题：As one of the youngest professors in the university, Miss King is certainly on the ______ of a brilliant career.A) threshold C) porchB) edge D) course【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第25题：The ______ lawyer made a great impression on the jury.A) protecting C) defendingB) guarding D) shielding【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第26题：Very few people understood his lecture, the subject of which was very ______.A) dim C) conspicuousB) obscure D) intelligible【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无第27题：This movie is not ______ for children to see: it contains too much violence and too many love scenes.A) profound C) decentB) valid D) upright【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第28题：The wood was so rotten that, when we pulled, it ______ into fragments.A) broke off C) broke throughB) broke away D) broke up【正确答案】：C【参考解析】：无第29题：The detective and his assistant have begun to ______ the mysterious murder.A) come through C) make overB) look into D) see to【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第30题：Sadly, the Giant Panda is one of the many species now in danger of ______.A) extinction C) destructionB) migration D) extraction【正确答案】：B【参考解析】：无二、阅读理解第31题：In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of "trash talk (废话)". Thetopics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be. For example, the show takes the ever-common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society's moral catastrophes (灾难), yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments (困境) of other people's lives.Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual's quality of life. Topics range from teaching your children responsibility, managing your work week, to getting to know your neighbors.Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a "final word". He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show's main target audience are middle-class Americans. Most of these people have the time, money, and stability to deal with life's tougher problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with the young adults of society. These are 18- to 21-year-olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show's exploitation.While the two shows are as different as night and day, both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while bothhave a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.1. Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are _____.A) more family-oriented C) more profoundB) unusually popular D) relatively formal2. Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience _____.A) remain fascinated by them C) remain indifferent to themB) are ready to face up to them D) are willing to get involved in them3. Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?A) A new type of robot. C) Family budget planning.B) Racist hatred. D) Street violence.4. Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both _____.A) ironical C) instructiveB) sensitive D) cynical5. We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows _____.A) have monopolized the talk show circuit C) appear at different times of the dayB) exploit the weaknesses in human nature D) are targeted at different audiences1小题>、【正确答案】：D2小题>、【正确答案】：C3小题>、【正确答案】：D4小题>、【正确答案】：B5小题>、【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无第32题：To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on "persuasive salesmanship" to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money.Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.This concept does not imply that business is benevolent（慈善的）or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction - the firm and the customer - and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a prompt restoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!1. The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence, _____.A) the practice of turning goods into money C) the customer-centred approachB) making goods available for purchase D) a form of persuasive salesmanship2. What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?A) The needs of the market. C) The satisfaction of the user.B) The efficiency of production. D) The preferences of the dealer.3. According to the passage, "to move as much of these goods as possible" (Lines 3-4, Para. 1) means "______".A) to sell the largest possible amount of goodsB) to transport goods as efficiently as possibleC) to dispose of these goods in large quantitiesD) to redesign these goods for large-scale production4. What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?A) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.B) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.C) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.D) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.5. In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on _____.A) its main characteristic C) its possible consequenceB) its social impact D) its theoretical basis1小题>、【正确答案】：B2小题>、【正确答案】：C3小题>、【正确答案】：C4小题>、【正确答案】：A5小题>、【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第33题：Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried. Too little conflict breeds apathy (冷漠) and stagnation (呆滞). Too much conflict leads todivisiveness (分裂) and hostility. Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R. Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations. He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives. Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization. Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture. They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations. Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives. In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms. The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents. Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executivesperceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.1. In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is .A) wrong C) misleadingB) oversimplified D) unclear2. Professor Charles R. Schwenk's research shows .A) the advantages and disadvantages of conflictB) the real value of conflictC) the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflictD) the complexity of defining the roles of conflict3. We can learn from Schwenk's research that .A) a person's view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organizationB) conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizationsC) different people resolve conflicts in different waysD) it is impossible for people to avoid conflict4. The passage suggests that in for-profit organizations .A) there is no end of conflictB) expression of different opinions is encouragedC) decisions must be justifiableD) success lies in general agreement5. People working in a not-for-profit organization .A) seem to be difficult to satisfy C) are less effective in making decisionsB) are free to express diverse opinions D) find it easier to reach agreement1小题>、【正确答案】：A2小题>、【正确答案】：B3小题>、【正确答案】：D4小题>、【正确答案】：C5小题>、【正确答案】：D【参考解析】：无第34题：Imagine eating everything delicious you want - with none of the fat. That would be great, wouldn't it?New "fake fat" products appeared on store shelves in the United States recently, but not everyone is happy about it. Makers of the products, which contain a compound called olestra, say food manufacturers can now eliminate fat from certain foods. Critics, however, say the new compound can rob the body of essential vitamins and nutrients (营养物) and can also cause unpleasant side effects in some people. So it's up to consumers to decide whether the new fat-free products taste good enough to keep eating.Chemists discovered olestra in the late 1960s, when they were searching for a fat that could be digested by infants more easily. Instead of finding the desired fat, the researchers created a fat that can't be digested at all.Normally, special chemicals in the intestines (肠) "grab" molecules of regularfat and break them down so they can be used by the body. A molecule of regular fat is made up of three molecules of substances called fatty acids.The fatty acids are absorbed by the intestines and bring with them the essential vitamins A, D, E, and K. When fat molecules are present in the intestines with any of those vitamins, the vitamins attach to the molecules and are carried into the bloodstream.Olestra, which is made from six to eight molecules of fatty acids, is too large for the intestines to absorb. It just slides through the intestines without being broken down. Manufacturers say it's that ability to slide unchanged through the intestines that makes olestra so valuable as a fat substitute. It provides consumers with the taste of regular fat without any bad effects on the body. But critics say olestra can prevent vitamins A, D, E, and K from being absorbed. It can also prevent the absorption of carotenoids (类胡萝卜素), compounds that may reduce the risk of cancer, heart disease, etc.Manufacturers are adding vitamins A, D, E, and K as well as carotenoids to their products now. Even so, some nutritionists are still concerned that people might eat unlimited amounts of food made with the fat substitute without worrying about how many calories they are consuming.1. We learn from the passage that olestra is a substance that ______.A) contains plenty of nutrientsB) renders foods calorie-free while retaining their vitaminsC) makes foods easily digestibleD) makes foods fat-free while keeping them delicious2 The result of the search for an easily digestible fat turned out to be ______.A) commercially useless C) somewhat controversialB) just as anticipated D) quite unexpected3. Olestra is different from ordinary fats in that ______.A) it passes through the intestines without being absorbedB) it facilitates the absorption of vitamins by the bodyC) it helps reduce the incidence of heart diseaseD) it prevents excessive intake of vitamins4. What is a possible negative effect of olestra according to some critics?A) It may impair the digestive system. C) It may increase the risk of cancer.B) It may affect the overall fat intake. D) It may spoil the consumers' appetite.5. Why are nutritionists concerned about adding vitamins to olestra?A) It may lead to the over-consumption of vitamins.B) People may be induced to eat more than is necessary.C) The function of the intestines may be weakened.D) It may trigger a new wave of fake food production.1小题>、【正确答案】：B2小题>、【正确答案】：C3小题>、【正确答案】：B4小题>、【正确答案】：A5小题>、【正确答案】：A【参考解析】：无三、改错题第35题：Until the very latest moment of his existence, man has been bound to the planet on which he originated and developed. Now he had the capability to leave that planet and move out into the universe to those worlds which he has known previously only directly. Men have explored parts of the moon, put spaceships in orbit around another planet and possibly within the decade will land into another planet and explore it. Can we be too bold as to suggest that we may be able to colonize other planet within the not-too-distant future? Some have advocated such a procedure as a solution to the population problem: ship the excess people off to the moon. But we must keep in head the billions of dollars we might spend in carrying out the project. To maintain the earth's population at its present level, we would have to blast off into space 7,500 people every hour of every day of the year.Why are we spending so little money on space exploration? Consider the great need for improving many aspects of the global environment, one is surely justified in his concern for the money and resources that they are poured into the space exploration efforts. But perhaps we should look at both sides of the coinbefore arriving hasty conclusions.12345678910【参考答案】：1. hadàhas. 根据全文时态可以看出此处应用现在完成时而非过去完成时，并且本句中有明显时间副词now。

part i listening comprehension (20 minutes)section adirections: in this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. at the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. after each question there will be a pause. during the pause, you must read the four choices marked a), b), c) and d), and decide which is the best answer. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the center.example: you will hear:you will read:a) 2 hours.b) 3 hours.c) 4 hours.d) 5 hours.from the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. therefore, d) “5 hours” is the correct answer. you should choose [d] on the answer sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.sample answer [a] [b] [c] [d]1. a) she knows where martha has gone.b) martha will go to the concert by herself.c) it is quite possible for the man to find martha.d) the man is going to meet martha at the concert.2. a) the air pollution is caused by the development of industry.b) the city was poor because there wasn't much industry then.c) the woman's exaggerating the seriousness of the pollution.d) he might move to another city very soon.3. a) the man should work harder to improve his grades.b) the man will benefit from the effort he's put in.c) it serves the man right to get a poor grade.d) it was unfair of the teacher to give the man a c.4. a) she can make a reservation at the restaurant.b) the man should decide where to eat.c) she already has plans for saturday night.d) the man should ask his brother for suggestions.5. a) the man deserved the award.b) the woman helped the man succeed.c) the man is thankful to the woman for her assistance.d) the woman worked hard and was given an award.6. a) voluntary work can help the man establish connections with the community.b) the man's voluntary work has left him little room in his schedule.c) voluntary work with the environment council requires a time commitment.d) a lot of people have signed up for voluntary work with the environment council.7. a) the patient must receive treatment regularly.b) the patient can't leave the hospital until the bleeding stops.c) the patient's husband can attend to the business in her place.d) the patient must take a good rest and forget about her business.8. a) alice does not know much about electronics.b) alice is unlikely to find a job anywhere.c) alice is not interested in anything but electronics.d) alice is likely to find a job in an electronics company.9. a) jimmy is going to set out tonight.b) jimmy has not decided on his journey.c) there is no need to have a farewell dinner.d) they may have a dinner when jimmy's back.10. a) the woman had been planning for the conference.b) the woman called the man but the line was busy.c) the woman didn't come back until midnight.d) the woman had guests all evening.section bdirections: in this section, you will hear 3 short passages. at the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. after you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked a), b), c) and d). then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.passage onequestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. a) they are delighted because they can enjoy the scenery while driving.b) they are frightened because traffic accidents are frequent.c) they are irritated because the bridge is jammed with cars.d) they are pleased because it saves them much time.12. a) they don't have their own cars to drive to work.b) many of them are romantic by temperament.c) most of them enjoy the drinks on the boat.d) they tend to be more friendly to each other.13. a) many welcome the idea of having more bars on board.b) many prefer the ferry to maintain its present speed.c) some suggest improving the design of the deck.[page]d) some object to using larger luxury boats.passage twoquestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. a) coca cola.b) sausage.c) milk.d) fried chicken.15. a) he has had thirteen decayed teeth.b) he doesn't have a single decayed tooth.c) he has fewer decayed teeth than other people of his age.d) he never had a single tooth pulled out before he was fifty.16. a) brush your teeth right before you go to bed in the evening.b) have as few of your teeth pulled out as possible.c) have your teeth x-rayed at regular intervals.d) clean your teeth shortly after eating.passage threequestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. a) a visit to a prison.b) the influence of his father.c) a talk with some miserable slaves.d) his experience in the war between france and austria.18. a) he sent surgeons to serve in the army.b) he provided soldiers with medical supplies.c) he recruited volunteers to care for the wounded.d) he helped to flee the prisoners of war.19. a) all men are created equal.b) the wounded and dying should be treated for free.c) a wounded soldier should surrender before he receives any medical treatment.d) a suffering person is entitled to help regard/ess of race, religion or political beliefs.20. a) to honor swiss heroes who died in the war.b) to show switzerland was neutral.c) to pay tribute to switzerland.d) to show gratitude to the swiss government for its financial support.part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)directions: there are 4 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d). you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.passage onequestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.for years, doctors advised their patients that the only thing taking multivitamins does is give them expensive urine (尿). after all, true vitamin deficiencies are practically unheard of in industrialized countries. now it seems those doctors may have been wrong. the results of a growing number of studies suggest that even a modest vitamin shortfall can be harmful to your health. although proof of the benefits of multivitamins is still far from certain, the few dollars you spend on them is probably a good investment.or at least that's the argument put forward in the new england journal of medicine. ideally, say dr. walter willett and dr. meir stampfer of harvard, all vitamin supplements would beevaluated in scientifically rigorous clinical trials. but those studies can take a long time and often raise more questions than they answer. at some point, while researchers work on figuring out where the truth lies, it just makes sense to say the potential benefit outweighs the cost.the best evidence to date concerns folate, one of the b vitamins. it's been proved to limit the number of defects in embryos (胚胎), and a recent trial found that folate in combination with vitamin b 12 and a form of b6 also decreases the re-blockage of arteries after surgical repair.the news on vitamin e has been more mixed. healthy folks who take 400 international units daily for at least two years appear somewhat less likely to develop heart disease. but when doctors give vitamin e to patients who already have heart disease, the vitamin doesn't seem to help. it may turn out that vitamin e plays a role in prevention but cannot undo serious damage.despite vitamin c's great popularity, consuming large amounts of it still has not been positively linked to any great benefit. the body quickly becomes saturated with c and simply excretes (排泄) any excess.the multivitamins question boils down to this: do you need to wait until all the evidence is in before you take them, or are you willing to accept that there's enough evidence that they don't hurt and could help?if the latter, there's no need to go to extremes and buy the biggest horse pills or the most expensive bottles. large doses can cause trouble, including excessive bleeding and nervous system problems.[page]multivitamins are no substitute for exercise and a balanced diet, of course. as long as you understand that any potentialbenefit is modest and subject to further refinement, taking a daily multivitamin makes a lot of sense.21. at one time doctors discouraged taking multivitamins because they believed that multivitamins ____.a) could not easily be absorbed by the human bodyb) were potentially harmful to people's healthc) were too expensive for daily consumptiond) could not provide any cure for vitamin deficiencies22. according to the author, clinical trials of vitamin supplements ____.a) often result in misleading conclusionsb) take time and will not produce conclusive resultsc) should be conducted by scientists on a larger scaled) appear to be a sheer waste of time and resources23. it has been found that vitamin e _____.a) should be taken by patients regularly and persistentlyb) can effectively reduce the recurrence of heart diseasec) has a preventive but not curative effect on heart diseased) should be given to patients with heart disease as early as possible24. it can be seen that large doses of multivitamins _____.a) may bring about serious side effectsb) may help prevent excessive bleedingc) are likely to induce the blockage of arteriesd) are advisable for those with vitamin deficiencies25. the author concludes the passage with the advice that _____.a) the benefit of daily multivitamin intake outweighs that of exercise and a balanced dietb) it's risky to take multivitamins without knowing theirspecific functionc) the potential benefit of multivitamins can never be overestimatedd) it's reasonable to take a rational dose of multivitamins dailypassage twoquestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge (剧增) of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. the converse (反面) of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriages. in the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. data show that economic downturns tend to postpone marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. as the economy rebounds, the number of marriages also rises.coincident with the increase in women working outside the home is the increase in divorce rates. yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. the impact of a wife's work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. the realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. but the reverse is equally plausible. tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. given high unemployment, inflationary problems, and slow growth in realearnings, a working wife can increase household income and relieve some of these pressing financial burdens. by raising a family's standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family's financial and emotional stability.psychological factors also should be considered. for example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. she may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. on the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.also, a major part of women's inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. with higher earning capacity and status occupations outside of the home comes the capacity to exercise power within file family. a working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.[page]26. the word "portend" (line 2, para. 1) is closest in meaning to “_____”.a) defy c) suffer fromb) signal d) result from27. it is said in the passage that when the economy slides, _____.a) men would choose working women as their marriage partnersb) more women would get married to seek financial securityc) even working women would worry about their marriagesd) more people would prefer to remain single for the time being28. if women find fulfillment through work outside the home, _____.a) they are more likely to dominate their marriage partnersb) their husbands are expected to do more houseworkc) their marriage ties can be strengthenedd)they tend to put their career before marriage29. one reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that _____.a) they feel that they have been robbed of their freedomb) they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbandsc) they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectationsd) they tend to suspect their husbands' loyalty to their marriage30. which of the following statements can best summarize the author's view in the passage?a) the stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country.b) even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in marriage.c) in order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain independentd) the impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.passage threequestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage,for most thinkers since the greek philosophers, it was self-evident that there is something called human nature, something that constitutes the essence of man. there were various views about what constitutes it, but there was agreement that such anessence exists -- that is to say, that there is something by virtue of which man is man. thus man was defined as a rational being, as a social animal, an animal that can make tools, or a symbol-making animal.more recently, this traditional view has begun to be questioned. one reason for this change was the increasing emphasis given to the historical approach to man. an examination of the history of humanity suggested that man in our epoch is so different from man in previous times that it seemed unrealistic to assume that men in every age have had in common something that can be called "human nature." the historical approach was reinforced, particularly in the united states, by studies in the field of cultural anthropology (人类学). the study of primitive peoples has discovered such a diversity of customs, values, feelings, and thoughts that many anthropologists arrived at the concept that man is born as a blank sheet of paper on which each culture writes its text. another factor contributing to the tendency to deny the assumption of a fixed human nature was that the concept has so often been abused as a shield behind which the most inhuman acts are committed. in the name of human nature, for example, aristotle and most thinkers up to the eighteenth century defended slavery. or in order to prove the rationality and necessity of the capitalist form of society, scholars have tried to make a case for acquisitiveness, competitiveness, and selfishness as innate (天生的) human traits. popularly, one refers cynically to "human nature" in accepting the inevitability of such undesirable human behavior as greed, murder, cheating and lying.another reason for skepticism about the concept of human nature probably lies in the influence of evolutionary thinking.once man came to be seen as developing in the process of evolution, the idea of a substance which is contained in his essence seemed untenable. yet i believe it is precisely from an evolutionary standpoint that we can expect new insight into the problem of the nature of man.31. the traditional view of "human nature" was strongly challenged by _____.a) the emergence of the evolutionary theoryb) the historical approach to manc) new insight into human behavior[page]d) the philosophical analysis of slavery32. according to the passage, anthropologists believe that human beings _____.a) have some traits in commonb) are born with diverse culturesc) are born without a fixed natured) change their characters as they grow up33. the author mentioned aristotle, a great ancient thinker, in order to _____.a) emphasize that he contributed a lot to defining the concept of "human nature"b) show that the concept of "human nature" was used to justify social evilsc) prove that he had a profound influence on the concept of "human nature"d) support the idea that some human traits are acquired34. the word "untenable" (line 3) in the last paragraph of the passage most probably means _____.a) invaluable c) changeableb) imaginable d) indefensible35. most philosophers believed that human nature _____.a) is the quality distinguishing man from other animalsb) consists of competitiveness and selfishnessc) is something partly innate and partly acquiredd) consists of rationality and undesirable behaviorpassage fourquestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.richard satava, program manager for advanced medical technologies, has been a driving force in bringing virtual reality to medicine, where computers create a "virtual" or simulated environment for surgeons and other medical practitioners (从业者)."with virtual reality we'll be able to put a surgeon in every trench," said satava. he envisaged a time when soldiers who are wounded fighting overseas are put in mobile surgical units equipped with computers.the computers would transmit images of the soldiers to surgeons back in the u.s. the surgeons would look at the soldier through virtual reality helmets (头盔) that contain a small screen displaying the image of the wound. the doctors would guide robotic instruments in the battlefield mobile surgical unit that operate on the soldier.although satava's vision may be years away from standard operating procedure, scientists are progressing toward virtual reality surgery. engineers at an international organization in california are developing a tele-operating device. as surgeons watch a three-dimensional image of the surgery, they move instruments that are connected to a computer, which passes their movements to robotic instruments that perform the surgery. the computer provides, feedback to the surgeon on force, textures,and sound.these technological wonders may not yet be part of the community hospital setting but increasingly some of the machinery is finding its way into civilian medicine. at wayne state university medical school, surgeon lucia zamorano takes images of the brain from computerized scans and uses a computer program to produce a 3-d image. she can then maneuver the 3-d image on the computer screen to map the shortest, least invasive surgical path to the rumor (肿瘤). zamorano is also using technology that attaches a probe to surgical instruments so that she can track their positions. while cutting away a tumor deep in the brain, she watches the movement of her surgical tools in a computer graphics image of the patient's brain taken before surgery.during these procedures -- operations that are done through small cuts in the body in which a miniature camera and surgical tools are maneuvered -- surgeons are wearing 3-d glasses for a better view. and they are commanding robot surgeons to cut away tissue more accurately than human surgeons can.satava says, "we are in the midst of a fundamental change in the field of medicine."36. according to richard satava, the application of virtual reality to medicine _____.a) will enable surgeons to be physically present on every battlefieldb) can raise the spirits of soldiers wounded on the battlefieldc) will greatly improve medical conditions on the battlefieldd) can shorten the time for operations on soldiers wounded on the battlefield37. richard satava has visions of _____.a) using a remote-control technique to treat wounded soldiers fighting overseasb) wounded soldiers being saved by doctors wearing virtual reality helmets on the battlefield[page]c) wounded soldiers being operated on by specially trained surgeonsd) setting up mobile surgical units overseas38. how is virtual reality surgery performed?a) it is performed by a computer-designed high precision device.b) surgeons wear virtual reality helmets to receive feedback provided by a computer.c) surgeons move robotic instruments by means of a computer linked to them.d) a 3-d image records the movements of the surgeons during the operation.39. during virtual reality operations, the surgeon can have a better view of the cuts in the body because _____.a) he is looking at the cuts on a computer screenb) the cuts can be examined from different anglesc) the cuts have been highly magnifiedd) he is wearing 3-d glasses40. virtual reality operations are an improvement on conventional surgery in that they _____.a) cause less pain to the woundedb) allow the patient to recover more quicklyc) will make human surgeons' work less tediousd) are done by robot surgeons with greater precisionpart iii vocabulary (20 minutes)directions: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. foreach sentence there are four choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one answer that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet with a single line through the centre.41. he suggested that we put the scheme into effect, for it is quite _____.a) probable c) feasibleb) sustainable d) eligible42. this book is about how these basic beliefs and values affect important _____ of american life.a) facets c) formulasb) formats d) fashions43. it is one thing to locate oil, but it is quite another to _____ and transport it to the industrial centers.a) permeate c) distinguishb) extract d) concentrate44. students are expected to be quiet and _____ in an asian classroom.a) obedient c) skepticalb) overwhelming d) subsidiary45. our reporter has just called to say that rescue teams will _____ to bring out the trapped miners.a) effect c) conceiveb) affect d) endeavour46. the spanish team, who are not in superb form, will be doing their best next week to _____ themselves on tile german team for last year's defeat.a) remedy c) reviveb) reproach d) revenge47. creating so much confusion, mason realized he hadbetter make _____ what he was trying to tell the audience.a) exclusive c) objectiveb) explicit d) obscure48. one of the examination questions _____ me completely and i couldn't answer it.a) baffled c) provokedb) mingled d) diverted49. the vision of that big black car hitting the sidewalk a few feet from us will never be _____ from my memory.a) ejected c) erasedb) escaped d) omitted50. at present, it is not possible to confirm or to refute the suggestion that there is a causal relationship between the amount of fat we eat and the _____ of heart attacks.a) incidence c) ruptureb) impetus d) emergence51. there are many who believe that the use of force _____ political ends can never be justified.a) in search of c) in view ofb) in pursuit of d) in light of52. sometimes the bank manager himself is asked to _____ cheques if his clerks are not sure about them.a) credit c) certifyb) assure d) access53. it is believed that the authorities are thinking of _____ new taxes to raise extra revenue.a) impairing c) invadingb) imposing d) integrating54. when she heard the bad news, her eyes _____ with tears as she struggled to control her emotions.a) sparkled c) radiatedb) twinkled d) glittered55. there are occasions when giving a gift _____ spoken communication, since the message it offers can cut through barriers of language and cultural diversity.a) overtakes c) surpassesb) nourishes d) enforces56. in order to keep the line moving, customers with lengthy _____ are required to do their banking inside.a) transit c) turnoverb) transactions d) tempos57. president wilson attempted to _____ between the powers to end the war, but neither side was prepared to give in.a) segregate c) compromiseb) whirl d) mediate58. the police have installed cameras at dangerous road _____ to film those who drive through red traffic lights.[page]a) trenches c) pavementsb) utilities d) junctions59. it is reported that thirty people were killed in a _____ on the railway yesterday.a) collision c) corrosionb) collaboration d) confrontation60. since a circle has no beginning or end, the wedding ring is accepted as a symbol of _____ love.a) successive c) eternalb) consecutive d) insistent61. executives of the company enjoyed an _____ lifestyle of free gifts, fine wines and high salaries.a) exquisite c) exoticb) extravagant d) eccentric62. if you want to get into that tunnel, you first have to _____ away all the rocks.a) haul c) disposeb) repel d) snatch63. some crops are relatively high yielders and could be planted in preference to others to _____ the food supply.a) enhance c) disruptb) curb d) heighten64. astronomers at the university of california discovered one of the most distant _____.a) paradoxes c) galaxiesb) paradises d) shuttles65. many great scientists _____ their success to hard work.a) portray c) impartb) ascribe d) acknowledge66. the sign set up by the road _____ drivers to a sharp turn.a) alerts c) pleadsb) refreshes d) diverts67. the doctors don't _____ that the patient will live much longer.a) monitor c) articulateb) manifest d) anticipate68. call your doctor for advice if the _____ persist for more than a few days.a) responses c) symptomsb) signals d) reflections69. we find it impossible to _____ with the latest safety regulations.a) accord c) obeyb) unify d) comply70. professor smith and professor brown will _____ in presenting the series of lectures on american literature.a) alter c) substituteb) alternate d) exchangepart iv error correction (15 minutes)directions: this part consists of a short passage. in this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. you may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. if you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. if you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. if you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (/) in the blank.example:television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods.1. time/times/periodmany of the arguments having used for the study of literature. 2. /___________as a school subject are val id for ∧ study of television. 3. the___________thomas malthus published his "essay on the principleof population" almost 200 years ago. ever since then,forecasters have being warning that worldwide famine was s1. _____just around the next corner. the fast-growing population'sdemand for food, they warned, would soon exceed their s2. _____supply, leading to widespread food shortages and starvation.。

M: I am terribly sorry,madam.It's a bit unusually busy tonight. As a compensation, your meal will be free. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? 3. M: I can't find my pen. I need to write a letter. W: I'll look for it later. Right now I need you to help fix the shelf before paint it. Q: What would they do first? 4. M: Mrs. Winter, I need your advice, I want to buy a dress for my wife, can you tell me where I can get one at a reasonable price? W: Sure, go to Richard's. It has the latest styles and gives a 30% discount to husbands who shop alone. Q: What do we know about Richard's shop? 5. M: My headaches are terribly. Maybe I need more sleep. W: Actually, you need less sun and some aspirin. It would help if you wear a hat. Q: What does the woman think is the cause of the man's headache? 6. M: Did you know this: after almost ten years in the United States, with such a strong accent. W: Yes, but he is proud of it. He says it is a part of his identity. Q: What does the conversation tell us about Mr. Li?Li still speaks English. 7. W: This is Mrs. Starched,my heater is not getting any power and weatherman says the temperature is to fall below zero tonight.Could you get someone to come over and fix it? M: This is the busiest time of the year, but I'll speak to one of our men about going over some time today. Q: Who did Mrs. Starched want to come over? 8. M: Though we didn't win the game, we were satisfied with our performance. W: You did a great job. You almost beat the world's champions. It's a real surprise to many people. Q: What do we learn from this conversation? 9. W: Sorry I did not come yesterday,because I had a temperature.Could you tell me the requirement for my term paper? M: The theme of your paper can be about business management or touring resources in China, and the length of the paper should be no less than fifteen pages. Q: What is the most probable relationship between the two speakers? 10. W: I don't think we should tell Tom about the surprising party for Lucy. M: It's all right. He promised not to tell, and he does not make promises likely. Q: What does the man mean?

1992年01月大学英语六级（CET-6）真题试卷（含答案）1992年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section A1. A) Children learn by example.B) Children must not tell lies.C) Children don't like discipline.D) Children must control their temper.（）2. A) The man was very happy with his published article.B) The marking system in the university is excellent.C) The article was rejected.D) The article was cut short.（）3. A) He is rude to his students.B) He is strict with his students.C) He is kind and often gives good grades.D) He is strange and hates good students.（）4. A) He is going to China.B) He is very interested in China.C) He likes stamps.D) He likes travelling.（）5. A) Opposite the shoe store.B) In the middle of a street.C) At the corner of a street.D) Right outside the shoe store.（）6. A) The woman cannot go to the party.B) The man will meet the woman at the party.C) The woman has not got the invitation yet.D) The woman will try to go to the party by all means.（）7. A) He wants to have some medicine.B) The nurse didn't give him an injection on time.C) The nurse should have shown up at two o' clock in the morning.D) He wants to make an appointment with the doctor.（）8. A) Some salad.B) Some dessert.C) Just himself.D) Enough food.（）9. A) They will fail the test.B) The exam is easy.C) The grades will be around 40.D) They might pass the test.（）10. A) The woman shouldn't go to the U.S. with her brother.B) The woman hasn't been allowed to be absent from class.C) The woman can go to the airport to meet her brother.D) The woman can go and see her brother off.（）Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Because they want to follow the rapidly growing hobby.B) Because they want to show they are wealthy people.C) Because they want to hold an exhibition.D) Because they want to return to the past and to invest money for profit.（）12. A) 150,000.B) 500,000.C) 250,000.D) 1,000,000.（）13. A) Those which are old and inexpensive.B) Those which are unique or unusual.C) Those which are practical.D) Those which are still fashionable.（）Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) Because they were ordered to.B) Because they were in danger.C) Because the plane was going to fly in circles.D) Because the plane climbed again.（）15. A) Over the airport.B) Over the land.C) Over the sea.D) Over the mountains.（）16. A) Because there was something wrong with it.B) Because the weather changed suddenly.C) Because there were no lights at the airport.D) Because too many planes were waiting to take off or land.（）17. A) Some time after five.B) Some time after four.C) A few minutes before four.D) A few minutes before six.（）Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just beard.18. A) People in Venice don't like walking.B) The buildings there float on water.C) Cars are seldom used in Venice.D) Boat rides there are expensive.（）19. A) About four hundred.B) About seven hundred.C) Twenty.D) One hundred and twenty.（）20. A) The boats can't pass under the bridges.B) The islands will be disconnected.C) While passing under the bridges, people in the boats have to lower their heads.D) The bridges will be damaged.（）Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Lecturing as a method of teaching is so frequently under attack today from educational psychologists and by students that some justification is needed to keep it. Critics believe that is results in passive methods of learning which tend to be less effective than those which fully engage the learner. They also maintain that students have no opportunity to ask questions and must all receive the same content at the same pace, that they are exposed only to one teacher's interpretation of subject matter which will certainly be limited and that, anyway, few lectures rise above dullness. Nevertheless, in a number of inquiries this pessimistic evaluation of lecturing as a teaching method proves not to be general among students although they do fairly often comment on poor lecturing techniques.Students praise lectures which are clear and orderly outlines in which basic principles are emphasized but dislike too numerous digressions (离题) or lectures which consist in part of the contents of a textbook. Students of science subjects considerthat a lecture is a good way to introduce a new subject, putting it in its value as a period of discussion of problems and possible solutions with their lecturer. They do not look for inspiration (灵感)-this is more commonly mentioned by teachers-but arts students look for originality in lectures. Medical and dental students who have reports on teaching methods, or specifically on lecturing, suggest that there should be fewer lectures or that, at the least, more would be unpopular.21. The passage states that ________.A) few students dislike lecturing as a teaching methodB) lecturing is a good method of teachingC) lecturing as a teaching method proves to be uninspiringD) most students like lectures because they can fully engage the learner（）22. According to the critics,A) lectures can't make students active in their studiesB) some lecturers' knowledge of their subjects limitedC) most lectures are similar in contentD) few lectures are dull（）23. According to this passage, students dislike lectures which ________.A) introduce mat la[ not included in the textbookB) present many problems for discussionC) always wander from the subjectD) stress the main points（）24. Lecturing as a teaching method is less appreciated by ________.A) dental teachersB) medical studentsC) arts lecturersD)science learners（）25. According to the author, the evaluation of lecturing as a teaching method by educational psychologists is ________.A) defensiveB) conservativeC) realisticD) negative（）Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.From the moment that an animal is born it has to make decisions. It has to decide which of the things around it are for eating, and which are to be avoided when to attack and when to run away. The animal is, in effect, playing a complicated and potentially very dangerous game with its environment, discomfort or destruction.This is a difficult and unpleasant business and few animals would survive if they had to start from the beginning and learn about the world wholly by trial and error, for there are the have possible decisions which would prove fatal. So we find, in practice, that the game is always arranged in favour of the young animal in one way or another. Either the animal is protected during the early stages of its learning about the world around it, or the knowledge of which way to respond is built into its nervous system from the start.The fact that animals behave sensibly can be attributed partly to what we might call genetic (遗传的) learning, to distinguish it from the individual learning that an animal does in the course of its own life time. Genetic learning is learning by a species as a whole, and it is achieved by selection of thosemembers of each generation that happen to behave in the right way. However, genetic learning depends upon a prediction that the future will more or less exactly resemble the past. The more variable individual experience is likely to be, the less efficient is genetic learning as a means of getting over the problems of the survival game. It is not surprising to find that very few species indeed depend wholly upon genetic learning. In the great majority of animals, behaviour is a compound of individual experience and genetic learning to behave in particular ways.26. According to the first paragraph, the survival game is considered potentially very dangerous because ________.A) animals are constantly threatened by attacksB) wrong decisions will lead to the disappearance of a speciesC) decisions made by an animal may turn out to be fatalD) few animals can survive in their struggle with the environment（）27. It is implied but not directly stated in the passage that most animals ________.A) are likely to make wrong decisionsB) have made correct decisions for their survivalC) depend entirely on their parents in learning about the world around themD) survive by means of individual learning（）28. Genetic learning is effective only if ________.A) the survival game is arranged in favour of the young animalsB) the animals can adapt themselves to the changing surroundingsC) circumstances remain more or less the sameD) the animals have varied individual experiences（）29. The bestTITLE for this passage would be ________.A) The Decision-Making Ability of AnimalsB) Survival and EnvironmentC) Reward and Penalty for AnimalsD) Behaviour and Survival（）30. How is genetic leaning achieved?A) It is inherited from animals with keen observation.B) It is passed down from those animals that behave in the correct way.C) It is taught to the young generation.D) It is learned by the new generation through trial and error.（）Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Scientists, like other human beings, have their hopes and fears, their passions and disappointments and their strong emotions may sometimes interrupt the course of clear thinking and sound practice. But science is also self-correcting. The most fundamental principles and conclusions may be challenged. The steps in a reasoned argument must be set out for all to see.Experiments must be capable of being carried out by other scientists. The history of science is full of cases where previously accepted theories have been entirely overthrown, to be replaced by new ideas which more adequately explain the data.While there is an understandable inertia-usually lasting about one generation-such revolution in scientific thought are widely accepted as a necessary and desirable element of scientific progress. Indeed, the reasoned criticism of a prevailing belief is a service to the supporters of that belief; if they areincapable of defending it, they are well-advised to abandon it. This self-questioning and error-correcting aspect of the scientific method is its most striking property and sets it off from many other areas of human endeavor, such as religion and fine arts.The idea of science as a method rather than as a body of knowledge is not widely appreciated outside of science, or indeed in some corridors inside of science. Vigorous criticism is constructive in science more than in some other areas of human endeavor because in it there are adequate standards of validity which can be agreed upon by competent scientists the world over.The objective of such criticism is not to suppress but rather to encourage the advance of new ideas: those which survive a firm skeptical (怀疑的) examination have a fighting chance of being right, or at least useful.31. Science is self-correcting because its theories ________.A) have to be revised constantly to conform with ideas which explain the data betterB) have reflected the most fundamental principles of natureC) are, more often than not, based on inadequate dataD) must be set out for all to see（）32. It can be learned from the context that the word "inertia" (Para. 2, Line 1) most probably means ________.A) strong resolutionB) unwillingness to changeC) a period of timeD) prevailing belief（）33. The "revolution in scientific thought" (Para. 2, Lind 2) refers to ________.A) acceptance of the reasoned criticisms of prevailing scientific theoriesB) the continuous overthrow of existing scientific theoriesC) the adequate explanation of the data in prevailing scientific theoriesD) the major discoveries that represent breakthroughs in the history of scientific progress（）34. The author says that the most striking property of the scientific method is its self-questioning and error-correcting aspect, because it is this aspect that ________.A) is indispensable to the advance of scienceB) is most widely appreciated by scientistsC) helps scientists to abandon anything they cannot defendD) sets science off from many other areas of human endeavor （）35. The word "it" (Para. 3, Line 4) refers to "________."A) vigorous criticismB) scientific methodC) human endeavorD) science（）Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.My father's reaction to the bank building at 43rd Street and Fifth Avenues in New York City was immediate and definite: "You won't catch me putting my money in there!" he declared. "Not in that glass box!"Of course, my father is a gentleman of the old school, a member of the generation to whom a good deal of modern architecture is upsetting, but I am convinced that his negative response was not so much to the architecture as to a violation of his concept of the nature of money.In his generation money was thought of as a real commodity(实物) that could be carried, or stolen. Consequently, to attract the custom of a sensible man, a bank had to have heavy walls, barred windows, and bronze doors, to affirm the fact, however untrue, that money would be safe inside. If a building's design made it appear impenetrable the institution was necessarily reliable, and the meaning of the heavy wall as an architecture symbol dwelt in the prevailing attitude toward money.But that attitude toward money has of course changed. Excepting pocket money, cash of any kind is now rarely used; money as a tangible commodity has largely been replaced by credit.A deficit (赤字) economy, accompanied by huge expansion, has led us to think of money as a product of the creative imagination. The banker no longer offers us a safe: he offers us a service-a service in which the most valuable element is the creativity for the invention of large numbers. It is in no way surprising, in view of this change in attitude, that we are witnessing the disappearance of the heavy-walled hank.Just as the older bank emphasized its strength, this bank by its architecture boasts of its imaginative powers. From this point of view it is hard to say where architecture ends and human assertion (人们的说法) begins.36. The main idea of this passage is that ________.A) money is not as valuable as it was in the pastB) changes have taken place in both the appearance and the concept or banksC) the architectural style of the older bank is superior to that of the modern bankD) prejudice makes theolder generation think that the modern bank is unreliable（）37. What are the attitudes of the older generation and the younger generation toward money?A) The former thinks more of it than the latter.B) The younger generation values money more than the older generation.C) Both generations rely on the imaginative power of bankers to make money.D) The former regards it as a real commodity while the latter considers it to be a means to produce more money.（）38. The word "tangible" (Para. 4 Line 3) refers to something ________.A) that is preciousB) that is usableC) that can be touchedD) that can be reproduced（）39. According to this passage, a modern banker should be ________.A) ambitious and friendlyB) reliable and powerfulC) sensible and impenetrableD) imaginative and creative（）40. It can be inferred from the passage that the author's attitude towards the new trend in banking is ________.A) cautiousB) regretfulC) positiveD) hostile（）Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. Let's leave the question ________ for a moment.A) offB) outC) downD) aside（）42. A large fish was slowly swimming through the water, its tail ________ back and forth like the pendulum of a clock.A) swungB) swingingC) was swungD) was swinging（）43. The cells were designed to ________ sunshine to electricity to run a motor.A) modifyB) alterC) convertD) exchange（）44. The fire started on the first floor of the hospital,, are elderly and weak.A) many of whose patientsB) many of which patientsC) many of its patientsD) many patients of whom（）45. He was determined that none of his children would be ________ an education.A) declinedB) cancelledC) deniedD) ceased（）46. Singing is one of the oldest and possibly most ________ practised forms of art.A) uniquelyB) practicallyC) universallyD) predominantly（）47. Few people realize how rich that area is. It is a land of treasure ________ treasure.A) increased byB) derived fromC) turned overD) piled on（）48. The jeweler assured Mr. White that the stone was a ________ diamond and not an imitation.A) gracefulB) genuineC) glitteringD) genius（）49. In the southwestern part of the United States ________ built in the last century.A) they are many abandoned mining townsB) where there are many abandoned mining townsC) are many abandoned mining townsD) many abandoned mining towns are（）50. As the clouds drifted away an even higher peak became ________ to the climbers.A) visibleB) obviousC) presentD) apparent（）51. The remarkable gains in the general health of the population in the world have been due in large measure ________the efforts of some great doctors.A) forB) withC) byD) to（）52. He appeared in the court and supplied the facts ________ to the ease.A) subjectB) relevantC) attachedD) corresponding（）53. John did not have to write the composition if he didn't want to. It was ________.A) optionalB) suitableC) criticalD) elemental（）54. The ________ for speeding is a fine of ten dollars.A) violationB) admissionC) penaltyD) excess（）55. A ________ exercise such as running is helpful to our health.A) vigorousB) cautiousC) preciousD) various（）56. In sharp ________ to John, who is frank. Henry is too sophisticated.A) conflictB) contrastC) comparisonD) contradiction（）57. On a small farm in a dry climate one should not grow crops that need ________ space and a lot of water to ripen.A) quantitativeB) significantC) extensiveD) considerable（）58. The doctor told the pupils that an ________ disease was one that could be passed from one person to another.A) infectiousB) expandingC) overwhelmingD) inherent（）59. It would be surprising for ________ any objections to the proposal.A) not to beB) it not to beC) there not to beD) there to be not（）60. She was pale with ________ after working for three shifts in succession.A) coldB) fatigueC) emotionD) fright（）61. What a ________ person says or does today agrees with what he said or did yesterday.A) consistentB) harmoniousC) constantD) sensible（）62. Jane and Tim still remember that it was ________, their parents, who encouraged then to continue their education.A) theseB) whoC) theyD) whom（）63. You did tell me what to do. If only I ________ your advice.A) would takeB) had takenC) tookD) have taken（）64. Everyone asked me where he was, but it was ________ a mystery to me as to them.A) as much ofB) much ofC) as suchD) as of（）65. The dry summer the supply of fresh vegetables.A) inducedB) diminishedC) dominatedD) manipulated（）66. The information was later admitted ________ from unreliable sources.A) that it was obtainedB) that it has been obtainedC) to be obtainedD) to have been obtained（）67. What sort of ________ can you get for the night in a city like this!A) commissionB) interactionC) accommodationD) recommendation（）68. He has been looking everywhere for you, and he still ________.A) doesB) has beenC) hasD) is（）69. This is one of the rarest questions that ________ at such a meeting.A) has ever been raisedB) is raisedC) are raisedD) have ever been raised（）70. He never hesitates to make such criticisms ________ are considered helpful to other.A) thatB) asC) whichD) what（）Part IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanksprovided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱.1. time/times/periodMany of the arguments having╱ used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______a school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3. ______the______This passage discusses one way methane (甲烷) gas is made. And it has something also to do with the work (71) of termites (白蚁).Termites can ruin a health tree or a costly home. (72) They eat the wood. This causes the tree or building to collapse. But termites also have a useless purpose on (73) earth.Nearly half of the methane in our atmosphere come from termites. Methane gas, by turn, makes (74) other gases. It also aids in the greenhouse effect, which keeps warm air close the earth. (75)Scientist Pat Zimmerman made the discovery. He found that methane gas is given up when termites (76) digest their food. Zimmerman thinks that there are about 240,000,000 billion termites on earth.They produce 8,000 billion cubic foot of methane (77) each year, he believes. That is half the number of gas drawn yearly from natural gas (78) wells in the U.S.Perhaps we'll treat termites for friends. (79) We'll offer thema piece of our house, and they'll offer us a new way to keep us warmly! (80)1 / 13。

2001年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷听力部分Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Example:You will hear:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two are talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) The man thinks travelling by air is quite safe.B) The woman never travels by plane.C) Both speakers feel nervous when flying.D) The speakers feel sad about the serious loss of life.2. A) At the information desk.B) In an office.C) In a restaurant.D) At a railway station.3. A) Write the letter.B) Paint the shelf.C) Fix the shelf.D) Look for the pen.4. A) It gives a 30% discount to all customers.B) It is run by Mrs. Winter’s husband.C) It hires Mrs. Winter as an adviser.D) It encourages husbands to shop on their own.5. A) Long exposure to the sun.B) Lack of sleep.C) Too tight a hat.D) Long working hours.6. A) His English is still poor after ten years in America.B) He doesn’t mind speaking English with an accent.C) He doesn’t like the way Americans speak.D) He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.7. A) An auto mechanic.B) An electrician.C) A carpenter.D) A telephone repairman.8. A) They both enjoyed watching the game.B) The man thought the results were beyond their expectations.C) They both felt good about the results of the game.D) People were surprised at their winning the game.9. A) Manager and employee.B) Salesman and customer.C) Guide and tourist.D) Professor and student.10. A) Tom has arranged a surprise party for Lucy.B) Tom will keep the surprise party a secret.C) Tom and Lucy have no secrets from each other.D) Tom didn’t make any promise to Lucy.Section B Compound Dictation注意：听力理解的B节(Section B)为复合式听写(Compound Dictation)，题目在试卷二上，现在请取出试卷二。

大学英语六级真题2001年01月(总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、{{B}}Part Ⅰ Listening Comprehension{{/B}}(总题数：2，分数：10.00){{B}}Section A{{/B}}{{B}}Section A{{/B}}（分数：5.00）A.The man thinks traveling by air is quite safe. √B.The woman never travels by plane.C.Both speakers feel nervous when flying.D.The speakers feel sad about the serious loss of life.解析：[听力原文] W: Have you heard about the plane crash yesterday? It caused 120 deaths. I'm never at ease when taking a flight. M: Though we often hear about air crashes and the serious casualties, flying is still one of the safest ways to travel. Q: What do we learn from this conversation?A.At the information desk.B.In an office.C.In a restaurant. √D.At a railway station.解析：[听力原文] W: I have a complaint to make, sir. I waited 10 minutes at the. table before the waiter showed up. And when I finally got served, I found it was not what I ordered. M: I'm terribly sorry, madam. It's been unusually busy tonight. As compensation, your meal will be free. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?A.Write the letter.B.Paint the shelf.C.Fix the shelf. √D.Look for the pen.解析：[听力原文] M: I can't find my pen. I need to write a letter. W: I'll look for it later. Right now I need your help fixing the shelf before I paint it. Q: What would they do first?A.It gives a 30% .discount to all customers.B.It is run by Mrs. Winter's husband.C.It hires Mrs. Winter as an adviser.D.It encourages husbands to shop on their own. √解析：[听力原文] M: Mrs. Winter, I need your advice. I want to buy a dress for my Wife. Can you tell me where I can get one at a reasonable price? W: Sure, go to Richard's. It has the latest styles and gives a 30% discount to husbands who shop alone. Q: What do we know about the Richard's store?A.Long exposure to the sun. √ck of sleep.C.Too tight a hat.D.Long working hours.解析：[听力原文] M: My headaches are terrible. Maybe I need more sleep. W: Actually you need less sun and some aspirin. It would help if you wore a hat. Q: What does the woman think is the cause of the man's headache?（分数：5.00）A.His English is still poor after ten years in America.B.He doesn't mind speaking English with an accent. √C.He doesn't like the way Americans speak.D.He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.解析：[听力原文] M: Did you notice this after almost 10 years in the United States, Mr. Lee still speaks English with such a strong accent? W: Yes, but he is proud of it. He says it's part of his identity. Q: What does the conversation tell us about Mr. Lee?A.An auto mechanic.B.An electrician. √C.A carpenter.D.A telephone repairman.解析：[听力原文] W: This is Mrs. Thature. My heater is not getting any power. And the weatherman says the temperature is going to fall below zero tonight.. Could you get someone to come over and fix it? M: This is the busiest time of the year, but I will speak to one of our men about going over sometime today. Q: Who did Mrs. Thature want to come over?A.They both enjoyed watching the game.B.The man thought the results were beyond their expectations.C.They both felt good about the results of the game. √D.Professor and student.解析：[听力原文] M: Though we didn't win the game, we were satisfied with our performance. W: You did a great job. You almost beat the world's champions. It's a real surprise to many people. Q: What do we learn from this conversation?A.Manager and employee.B.Salesman and customer.C.Guide and tourist.D.Professor and student. √解析：[听力原文] W: Sorry. I didn't come here yesterday because I had a temperature. Could you tell me your requirements for my term paper? M: The theme of your paper can be about business management or touring resources in China. And the length of your paper should be no less than15 pages. Q: What's the most probable relationship between the two speakers?A.Tom has arranged a surprise party for Lucy.B.Tom will keep the surprise party a secret.' √C.Tom and Lucy have no secrets from each other.D.Tom didn't make any promise to Lucy.解析：[听力原文] W: I don't think we should have told Tom about the surprise party for Lucy. M: It's all right. He promised not to tell and he doesn't make promises lightly. Q: What does the man mean?二、{{B}}Section B{{/B}}(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The human body is a remarkable food processor. As an adult, you may consume (S1) ______ a ton of food per year and still not gain or lose a pound of body weight. You are (S2) ______ harnessing and consuming energy through the intricate (S3) ______ of your body in order to remain in energy balance. To (S4) ______ a given body weight, your energy input must balance your energy output However, sometimes the (S5) ______ energy balance is upset, and your (S6) ______ body weight will either fall or (S7) ______. The term body image refers to the mental image we have of our own physical appearance, and ( S8) __________________.Research has revealed that about 40 percent of adult men and 55 percent of adult women are dissatisfied with their current body weight. (S9)__________________.At the college level, a study found that 85 percent of both male and female first-year students desired to change their body weight. (S10)________________________. Thinness is currently an attribute that females desire highly, Males generally desire muscularity. The vast majority of individuals who want to change their body weight do it for the sake of appearance; most want to lose excess body fat, while a smaller percentage of individuals actually want to gain weight.The human body is a remarkable food processor. As an adult, you may consume (S1) ______ a ton of food per year and still not gain or lose a pound of body weight. You are (S2) ______ harnessing and consuming energy through the intricate (S3) ______ of your body in order to remain in energy balance. To (S4) ______ a given body weight, your energy input must balance your energy output However, sometimes the (S5) ______ energy balance is upset, and your (S6) ______ body weight will either fall or (S7) ______. The term body image refers to the mental image we have of our own physical appearance, and ( S8) __________________.Research has revealed that about 40 percent of adult men and 55 percent of adult women are dissatisfied with their current body weight. (S9)__________________.At the college level, a study found that 85 percent of both male and female first-year students desired to change their body weight. (S10)________________________. Thinness is currently an attribute that females desire highly, Males generally desire muscularity. The vast majority of individuals who want to change their body weight do it for the sake of appearance; most want to lose excess body fat, while a smaller percentage of individuals actually want to gain weight.（分数：10.00）S1填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：over）解析：S2填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：constantly）解析：S3填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：mechanism）解析：S4填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：maintain）解析：S5填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：overall）解析：S6填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：normal）解析：S7填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：increase）解析：S8填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：it can be influenced by a variety of factors, including how much we weigh or how that weight is distributed）解析：S9填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：Similar findings have also been reported at the high school level, mainly with female students）解析：(10).S10（分数：1.00）填空项1:__________________ （正确答案：The primary cause of this concern is the value that American society in general assigns to physical appearance）解析：三、{{B}}Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension{{/B}}(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.A new study on birds' sleep has revealed that ______.（分数：2.00）A.haft-brain sleep is found in a wide variety of birdsB.haft-brain sleep is characterized by slow brain wavesC.birds can control their haft-brain sleep consciously √D.birds seldom sleep with the whole of their brain at rest解析：辨认事实题。

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example: You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours”is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]1. A) He will tell Mary how to operate the dishwasher.B) He will wash the dishes himself instead.C) He will help Bill to translate the manual.D) He himself will operate the dishwasher.2. A) Lose weight.B) Quit smoking.C) Weigh himself frequently.D) Have a talk with the doctor.3. A) The woman should have complained to her neighbor.B) The woman should stay out until the neighbors are quiet.C) The woman should have stayed at the library.D) The lab will be a better place for reading.4. A) Check the figures later today.B) Bring a calculator tomorrow.C) Bring a calculator tomorrow.D) Calculate the number right now.5. A) She doesn’t remember much about the city.B) She’s never been to the city.C) She would find someone else to help.D) She would talk to the man later.6. A) She thinks the man should have helped earlier.B) She doesn’t need the man’s help.C) She doesn’t know the boxes are heavy.D) She wants the man to help with the boxes.7. A) She let the man use her books for the weekend.B) She brought the books the man asked for.C) She borrowed the books from the man.D) She offered to help the man.8. A) She’d like to have the windows open.B) She likes to have the air conditioner on.C) The air is heavily polluted.D) The windows are already open.9. A) He’s going to visit a photo studio.B) He’s just had his picture taken.C) He’s on the way to the theater.D) He’s just returned from a job interview.10. A) At a gas station.B) In a park.C) In an emergency room.D) At a garage.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage oneQuestion 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) One sixth of them are seriously polluted.B) One third of them are seriously polluted.C) Half of them are seriously polluted.D) Most of them are seriously polluted.12. A) There was no garbage left to clean up.B) There was more garbage than before and they had to work harder.C) The river had become so clean that a lot of water-birds came back.D) The river was much cleaner and they had to search for garbage.13. A) Most of them would be indifferent and keep on throwing garbage into the river.B) They would join the students in changing the situation.C) They would become more aware of the pollution problem.D) They would think twice before they went swimming or fishing in the river.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) Why people hold back their tears.B) Why people cry.C) How to restrain one’s tears.D) How tears are produced.15. A) What chemicals tears are composed of.B) Whether crying really helps us feel better.C) Why some people tend to cry more often than others.D) How tears help people cope with emotional problems.16. A) Only one out of four girls cries less often than boys.B) Of four boys, only one cries very often.C) Girls cry four times as often as boys.D) Only one out of four babies doesn’t cry often.17. A) Only humans respond to emotions by shedding tears.B) Only humans shed tears to get rid of irritating stuff in their eyes.C) Only human tears can resist the invading bacteria.D) Only human tears can discharge certain chemicals.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) They make decisions by tossing coins.B) They are not physically separated.C) They think exactly the same way.D) They share most of their vital organs.19. A) Few of them can live long.B) Few of them get along well with each other.C) Most of them live a normal life.D) Most of them differ in their likes and dislikes.20. A) They go to a regular school.B) They attend a special school.C) They are taught by their parents.D) They have a private tutor.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one’sside, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that “Gift”means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm’s length away form others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.Our linguistic（语言上的）and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual（多语的）guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives—usually the richer—who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation’s diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all, America was the most powerful country of the free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods.But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.21. It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably ______________.A) stand stillB) jump asideC) step forwardD) draw back22. The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their ___________.A) cultural self-centerednessB) casual mannersC) indifference toward foreign visitorsD) arrogance towards other cultures23. In countries other than their own most Americans _______________.A) are isolated by the local peopleB) are not well informed due to the language barrierC) tend to get along well with the nativesD) need interpreters in hotels and restaurants24. According to the author, Americans’cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will ____________.A) affect their image in the new eraB) cut themselves off from the outside worldC) limit their role in world affairsD) weaken the position of the US dollar25. The author’s intention in writing this article is to make Americans realize that ________.A) it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friendsB) it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairsC) it is necessary to use several languages in public placesD) it is time to get acquainted with other culturesPassage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:In department stores and closets all over the world, they are waiting. Their outward appearance seems rather appealing because they come in a variety of styles, textures, and colors. But they are ultimately the biggest deception that exists in the fashion industry today. What are they? They are high heels —a woman’s worst enemy (whether she knows it or not). High heel shoes are the downfall of modern society. Fashion myths have led women to believe that they are more beautiful or sophisticated for wearing heels, but in reality, heels succeed in posing short as well as long term hardships. Women should fight the high heel industry by refusing to use or purchase them in order to save the world from unnecessary physical and psychological suffering.For the sake of fairness, it must be noted that there is a positive side to high heels. First, heels are excellent for aerating（使通气）lawns. Anyone who has ever worn heels on grass knows what I am talking about. A simple trip around the yard in a pair of those babies eliminates all need to call for a lawn care specialist, and provides the perfect-sized holes to give any lawn oxygen without all those messy chunks of dirt lying around. Second, heels are quite functional for defense against oncoming enemies, who can easily be scared away by threatening them with a pair of these sharp, deadly fashion accessories.Regardless of such practical uses for heels, the fact remains that wearing high heels is harmful to one’s physical health. Talk to any podiatrist（足病医生）, and you will hear that the majority of their business comes from high-heel-wearing women. High heels are known to cause problems such as deformed feet and torn toenails. The risk of severe back problems and twisted or broken ankles is three times higher for a high heel wearer than for a flat shoe wearer. Wearing heels also creates the threat of getting a heel caught in a sidewalk crack or a sewer-grate（阴沟栅）and being thrown to the ground—possibly breaking a nose, back, or neck. And of course, after wearing heels for a day, any woman knows she can look forward to a night of pain as she tries to comfort her swollen, aching feet.26. What makes women blind to the deceptive nature of high heels?A) The multi-functional use of high heels.B) Their attempt to show off their status.C) The rich variety of high heel styles.D) Their wish to improve their appearance.27. The author’s presentation of the positive side of high heels is meant ______________.A) to be ironicB) to poke fun at womenC) to be fair to the fashion industryD) to make his point convincing28. The author uses the expression “those babies”(Line 3, Para.2) to refer to high heels __________.A) to show their fragile characteristicsB) to indicate their feminine featuresC) to show women’s affection for themD) to emphasize their small size29. The author’s chief argument against high heels is that ____________.A) they pose a threat to lawnsB) they are injurious to women’s healthC) they don’t necessarily make women beautifulD) they are ineffective as a weapon of defense30.It can be inferred from the passage that women should _______________.A) see through the very nature of fashion mythsB) boycott the products of the fashion industryC) go to a podiatrist regularly for adviceD) avoid following fashion too closelyPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:It is hardly necessary for me to cite all the evidence of the depressing state of literacy. These figures from the Department of Education are sufficient: 27 million Americans cannot read at all, and a further 35 million read at a level that is less than sufficient to survive in our society.But my own worry today is less that of the overwhelming problem of elemental literacy than it is of the slightly more luxurious problem of the decline in the skill even of he middle-class reader, of his unwillingness to afford those spaces of silence, those luxuries of domesticity and time and concentration, that surround the image of the classic act of reading. it has been suggested that almost 80 percent of America’s literate, educated teenagers can no longer read without an accompanying noise (music) in the background or a television screen flickering（闪烁）at the corner of their field of perception. We know very little about the brain and how it deals with simultaneous conflicting input, but every common-sense intuition suggests we should be profoundly alarmed. This violation of concentration, silence, solitude（独处的状态）goes to the very heart of our notion of literacy; this new form of part-reading, ofpart-perception against background distraction, renders impossible certain essential acts of apprehension and concentration, let alone that most important tribute any human being can pay to a poem or a piece of prose he or she really loves, which is to learn it by heart. Not by brain, by heart; the expression is vital.Under these circumstances, the question of what future there is for the arts of reading is a real one. Ahead of us lie technical, psychic（心理的）, and social transformations probably much more dramatic than those brought about by Gutenberg, the German inventor in printing. The Gutenberg revolution, as we now know it, took a long time; its effects are still being debated. The information revolution will touch every facet of composition, publication, distribution, and reading. No one in the book industry can say with any confidence what will happen to the book, as we’ve known it.31. The picture of the reading ability of the American people, drawn by the author, is _____.A) rather bleakB) fairly brightC) very impressiveD) quite encouraging32. The author’s biggest concern is ____________.A) elementary school children’s disinterest in reading classicsB) the surprisingly low rate of literacy in the U.S.C) the musical setting American readers require for readingD) the reading ability and reading behavior of the middle class33. A major problem with most adolescents who can read is ___________.A) their fondness of music and TV programsB) their ignorance of various forms of art and literatureC) their lack of attentiveness and basic understandingD) their inability to focus on conflicting input34. The author claims that the best way a reader can show admiration for a piece of poetry or prose is ____________.A) to be able to appreciate it and memorize itB) to analyze its essential featuresC) to think it over conscientiouslyD) to make a fair appraisal of its artistic value35. About the future of the arts of reading the author feels ____________.A) upsetB) uncertainC) alarmedD) pessimisticPassage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:For centuries, explorers have risked their lives venturing into the unknown for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic. Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater glory of Spain. Lewisand Clark journeyed into the American wilderness to find out what the U.S. had acquired when it purchased Louisiana, and the Appolo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of technological muscle during the cold war.Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers involved all accomplished some significant science simply by going where no scientists had gone before.Today Mars looms（隐约出现）as humanity’s next great terra incognita（未探明之地）. And with doubtful prospects for a short-term financial return, with the cold war a rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on international cooperation in large space ventures, it is clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planet’s reddish surface. Could it be that science, which has long played a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a leading role? The question naturally invites a couple of others: Are there experiments that only humans could do on Mars? Could those experiments provide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanetary space?With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been. The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet once had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth on a meteorite（陨石）from Mars. A more conclusive answer about life on Mars, past or present, would give researchers invaluable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life. If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars and Earth, the finding would provide the first concrete clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science: the prevalence of life in the universe.36. According to the passage, the chief purpose of explorers in going to unknown places in the past was ______________.A) to display their country’s military mightB) to accomplish some significant scienceC) to find new areas for colonizationD) to pursue commercial and state interests37. At present, a probable inducement for countries to initiate large-scale space ventures is _____________.A) international cooperationB) nationalistic reasonsC) scientific researchD) long-term profits38. What is the main goal of sending human missions to Mars?A) To find out if life ever existed there.B) To see if humans could survive there.C) To prove the feasibility of large-scale space ventures.D) To show the leading role of science in space exploration.39. By saying “With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they haveever been”(Line 1, Para.4), the author means that _________________.A) with Mars the risks involved are much greater than any previous space venturesB) in the case of Mars, the rewards of scientific exploration can be very highC) in the case of Mars, much more research funds are needed than ever beforeD) with Mars, scientists argue, the fundamental interests of science are at issue40. The passage tells us that proof of life on Mars would _______________.A) make clear the complex chemistry in the development of lifeB) confirm the suggestion that bacterial fossils traveled to Earth on a meteoriteC) reveal the kind of conditions under which life originatesD) provide an explanation why life is common in the universePart III V ocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41. If you want this painkiller, you’ll have to ask the doctor for a ______________.A) transaction B) permitC) settlement D) prescription42. The _____________ from childhood to adulthood is always a critical time for everybody.A) conversion B) transitionC) turnover D) transformation43.It is hard to tell whether we are going to have a boom in the economy or a __________.A) concession B) recessionC) submission D) transmission44. His use of color, light and form quickly departed from the conventional style of his ________ as he developed his own technique.A) descendants B) predecessorsC) successors D) ancestors45. Failure in a required subject may result in the ______________ of a diploma.A) refusal B) betrayalC) denial D) burial46. To help students understand how we see, teachers often draw an _____________ between an eye and a camera.A) image B) analogyC) imitation D) axis47. A 1994 World Bank report concluded that ______________ girls in school was probably the single most effective anti-poverty policy in the developing world today.A) assigning B) admittingC) involving D) enrolling48. The author of the report is well ______________ with the problems in the hospital because he has been working there for many years.A) acquainted B) informedC) accustomed D) known49. When the farmers visited the city for the first time, they were _________________ by its complicated traffic system.A) evoked B) bewilderedC) diverted D) undermined50. If Japan ________________ its relation with that country it will have to find another supplier of raw materials.A) precludes B) terminatesC) partitions D) expires51. They were ________________ in their scientific research, not knowing what happened just outside their lab.A) submerged B) drownedC) immersed D) dipped52. You should _______________ to one or more weekly magazines such as Time or Newsweek.A) ascribe B) orderC) reclaim D) subscribe53. The automatic doors in supermarkets ____________ the entry and exit of customers with shopping carts.A) furnish B) induceC) facilitate D) allocate54. Each workday, the workers followed the same schedules and rarely _________ from this routine.A) deviated B) disconnectedC) detached D) distorted55. The little girl was ________________ by the death of her dog since her affection for the pet had been real and deep.A) grieved B) suppressedC) oppressed D) sustained56. A visitor to a museum today would notice __________ changes in the way museums are operated.A) cognitive B) rigorousC) conspicuous D) exclusive57. Most people tend to think they are so efficient at their job that they are ___________.A) inaccessible B) irreversibleC) immovable D) irreplaceable58. Being impatient is __________________ with being a good teacher.A) intrinsic B) ingeniousC) incompatible D) inherent59. For a particular reason, he wanted the information to be treated as ______________.A) assured B) reservedC) intimate D) confidential60. Fortune-tellers are good at making _____ statements such as “Your sorrows will change.”A) philosophical B) ambiguousC) literal D) invalid61. The tenant must be prepared to decorate the house __________ the terms of the contract.A) in the vicinity of B) in quest ofC) in accordance with D) in collaboration with62. The winners of the football championship ran off the field carrying the silver cup ______.A) turbulently B) tremendouslyC) triumphantly D) tentatively63. He said that they had _________ been obliged to give up the scheme for lack of support.A) gravely B) regrettablyC) forcibly D) graciously64. The law on drinking and driving is ___________ stated.A) extravagantly B) empiricallyC) exceptionally D) explicitly65. Their claims to damages have not been convincingly __________.A) refuted B) overwhelmedC) depressed D) intimidated66. Please don’t _________ too much on the painful memories. Everything will be all right.A) hesitate B) lingerC) retain D) dwell67. The jobs of wildlife technicians and biologists seemed ______________ to him, but one day he discovered their difference.A) identical B) verticalC) parallel D) specific68. Mary became ______________ homesick and critical of the United States, so she fled from her home in west Bloomfield to her hometown in Austria.A) completely B) sincerelyC) absolutely D) increasingly69.Despite almost universal ________ of the vital importance of women’s literacy, education remains a dream for far too many women in far too many countries of the world.A) identification B) complimentC) confession D) acknowledgement70. In today’s medical field, little agreement exists on the ______ for defining mental illness.A) legislation B) requirementC) criteria D) measuresPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it out and put a slash (／) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literatures of our periods. 1. time/times/period Many of the arguments having used for the study of literature. 2. ／______As a school subject are valid for ∧study of television. 3. the_________More people die of tuberculosis (结核病) than of anyother disease caused by a single agent. This has probablybeen the case in quite a while. During the early stages of 71. __________the industrial revolution, perhaps one in every seventh 72. __________deaths in Europe’s crowded cities were caused by the 73. __________disease. From now on, though, western eyes, missing the 74. __________global picture, saw the trouble going into decline. Withoccasional breaks for war, the rates of death andinfection in the Europe and America dropped steadily 75. __________through the 19th and 20th centuries. In the 1950s, theintroduction of antibiotics (抗菌素) strengthened thetrend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowedto be imported to poor countries. Medical researchers 76. __________declared victory and withdrew.They are wrong. In the mid-1980s the frequency of 77. __________infections and deaths started to pick up again around theworld. Where tuberculosis vanished, it came back; in 78. __________many places where it had never been away, it grew better. 79. __________The World Health Organization estimates that 1.7billion people (a third of the earth’s population) sufferfrom tuberculosis. Even the infection rate wasfalling, population growth kept the number of clinicalcases more or less constantly at 8 million a year. Around 80. __________3 million of those people died, nearly all of them in poorcountries.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the week-long holiday. You should write a t least 120 words。

历年六级作文题目汇总1995年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 现在有些不良的商业广告2. 这些广告的副作用和危害性3. 我对这些广告的态度My view on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements1995年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 有人认为放鞭炮是好事,为什么?2. 有人认为放鞭炮是坏事,为什么?3. 我的看法.1996年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 有人认为没有必要参加大学英语六级考试(简称CET-6)。

2. 我参加CET-6考试的理由。

Why I Take the College English Test Band 6 1996年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望寿命(life expectancy)和婴儿死亡率(infant mortality)的变化情况。

2. 说明引起变化的各种原因。

Health Gains in Developing Countries1997年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 为什么说“欲速则不达”2. 试举例说明Haste Makes Waste1997年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1.有些人喜欢始终从事一种工作,因为 ...2.有些人喜欢经常更换工作,因为...3.我的看法1998年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 假冒伪劣商品的危害。

2. 怎样杜绝假冒伪劣商品。

My View on Fake Commodities1998年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 有些人认为某些数字会带来好运。

2. 我认为数字和运气无关，......Do “Lucky Numbers” Really Bring Good Luck?1999年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 别人请求帮助时，在什么情况下我们说”不”2. 为什么有些人在该说”不”的时候不说”不”3. 该说”不”时不说”不”的坏处Don’t Hesitate to Say “No”1999年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 有人认为读书要有选择2. 有人认为应当博览群书3. 我的看法Reading Selectively Or Extensively?2000年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 上大学的费用(tuition and fees)可以通过多种途径解决2. 哪种途径适合于我(说明理由)How I Finance My College Education2000年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 很多认为有必要举行英语口语考试，理由是......2. 也有人持不同意见，......3. 我的看法和打算2001年1月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 面试在求职过程中的作用2. 取得面试成功的因素：仪表、举止谈吐、能力、专业知识、自信、实事求是......How to Succeed in a Job Interview?2001年6月全国大学英语六级作文题1. 表示欢迎2. 提出对度假安排的建议3. 提醒应注意的事项A letter to a Schoolmate2002年1月全国大学英语六级作文题假设你是李明，请你就本校食堂的状况给校长写一封信，内容应涉及食堂的饭菜质量、价格、环境、服务等，可以是表扬，可以是批评建议，也可以兼而有之。

95-08历年大学英语六级真题及答案(完整版)之老阳三干创作Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section A1. A) She was given a new job.B) She was given a raise.C) She was criticized for being late.D) She was praised for her hard work.2. A) Whether to employ the woman.B) Whether to take up the new job.C) Whether to ask for a raise.D) Whether to buy a new house.3. A) A teacher.B) A psychologist.C) A librarian.D) A publisher.4. A) To visit more places in the city.B) To take a lot of pictures of the beautiful city.C) To take some pictures of his friends.D) To spare some time to meet his friends.5. A) In town.B) Out of town.C) In the man’s house.D) Outside Ann’s house.6. A) Because she feels very hot in the room.B) Because she wants to avoid meeting people.C) Because she wants to smoke a cigarette outside.D) Because she doesn’t like the smell of smoke inside.7. A) Painters hired by the man and woman.B) Painters hired by Mr. Jones.C) Mr. Jones.D) The man and the woman.8. A) The woman enjoyed the movie very much.B) The woman saw a horror movie.C) The man asked the woman to be careful at night.D) The man went to the show with the woman.9. A) He doesn’t write well enough.B) He is not a professional writer.C) He hasn’t got any professional experience.D) H e didn’t perform well in the interview.10. A) He doesn’t think it necessary to refuel the car.B) He can manage to get the gasoline they need.C) He hopes the woman will help him select a fuel.D) He thinks it is difficult to get fuel for the car.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Because they can’t afford to.B) Because they think small houses are more comfortable to live in.C) Because big houses are usually built in the countryside.D) Because they prefer apartments.12. A) Because many young people have moved into comfortable apartments.B) Because many old houses in the bad part of the town are not inhabited.C) Because many older people sell their houses after their children leave.D) Because many people have quit their old house to build new ones.13. A) They have to do their own maintenance.B) They have to furnish their own houses.C) They will find it difficult to make the rest of the payment.D) They will find it difficult to dispose of their old-style furniture.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They are not active hunters.B) They don’t sleep much.C) They are often seen alone.D) They don’t eat much.15. A) To catch the birds.B) To look for shade in the heat of the day.C) To catch other animals.D) To look for a kill made by another animal.16. A) They are larger in size.B) They have to hunt more to feed the young.C) They run faster.D) They are not as lazy as the males.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Less than 30 minutes.B) From 30 to 45 minutes.C) At least 45 minutes.D) More than 45 minutes.18. A) He should show respect for the interviewer.B) He should show confidence in himself.C) He should talk enthusiastically.D) He should be dressed properly.19. A) Speaking confidently but not aggressively.B) Talking loudly to give a lasting impression.C) Talking a lot about the job.D) Speaking politely and emotionally.20. A) Professional knowledge is a decisive factor in job interview.B) Finding a job is more difficult than one can imagine.C) A job seeker should create a good image during an interview.D) Self-confidence is most important for a job seeker.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The process of perceiving other people is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objective terms. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored ski rt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly-perhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed person’s behavior with the known others’ behavior; observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person’s responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person-questions, self-disclosures (自我流露), and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won’t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically (讽刺性地) those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g., secrets and deceptions) may be just asimportant to the development of satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person(e.g., disclosure and truthful statements).21. The word “pinpoint” (Para. 1, Line 3) basically means ________.A) appreciateB) obtainC) interpretD) identify22. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) People are better described in cold, objective terms.B) The difficulty of getting to know a person is usually underestimated.C) One should not judge people by their appearances.D) One is usually subjective when assessing other people’s personality.23. It can be inferred from Berger’s suggestions that ________.A) people do not reveal their true self on every occasionB) in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directlyC) the best way to know a person is by making comparisonsD) face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person24. In developing personal relationships, secrets and deceptions, in the author’s opinion, are ________.A) personal matters that should be seriously dealt withB) barriers that should be done away withC) as significant as disclosures and truthful statementsD) things people should guard against25. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ________.A) to give advice on appropriate conduct for social occasionsB) to provide ways of how to obtain information about peopleC) to call the reader’s attention to the negative side of people’s charactersD) to discuss the various aspects of getting to know peopleQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The competition among producers of personal computers is essentially a race to get the best, most innovative products to the marketplace. Marketers in this environment frequently have to make a judgement as to their competitor s’ role when making marketing strategy decisions. If major competitors are changing their products, then a marketer may want to follow suit to remain competitive. Apple Computer, Inc.has introduced two new, faster personal computers, the Mackintosh II and Mackintosh SE, in anticipation of the introduction of a new PC by IBM, one of Apple’s major competitors.Apple’s new computers are much faster and more powerful than its earlier models. The improved Mackintosh is able to run programs that previously were impossible to run on an Apple PC, including IBM-compatible (兼容的) programs. This compatibility feature illustrates computer manufactures’ new attitude of giving customers the features they want. Making Apple computers capable of running IBM software is Appl e’s effort at making the Mackintosh compatible with IBM computers and thus more popular in the office, where Apple hopes to increase sales. Users of the new Apple can also add accessories (附件) to make their machines specialize in specific uses, such as engineering and writing.The new computers represent a big improvement over past models, but they also cost much more. Company officials do not think the higher price will slow down buyers who want to step up to a more powerful computer. Apple wants to stay in the high-price end of the personal computer market to finance research for even faster, more sophisticated computers.Even though Apple and IBM are major competitors, both companies realize that their competitor’s computers have certain features that their own models do not. The Apple line has always been popular for its sophisticated color graphics (图形), whereas the IBM machines have always been favored in offices. In the future, there will probably be more compatibility between the two companies’ products, which no doubt will require that both Apple and IBM change marketing strategies.26. According to the passage, Apple Computer, Inc, has introduced the Mackintosh II and the Mackintosh SE because ________.A) IBM is changing its computer models continuouslyB) it wants to make its machines specialize in specific usesC) it wants to stay ahead of IBM in the competitive computer marketD) it expects its major competitor IBM to follow its example27. Apple hopes to increase Mackintosh sales chiefly by ________.A) making its new models capable of running IBM softwareB) improving the color graphics of its new modelsC) copying the marketing strategies of IBMD) giving the customers what they want28. Apple sells its new computer models at a high price because ________.A) they have new features and functionsB) they are more sophisticated than other modelsC) they have new accessories attachedD) it wants to accumulate funds for future research29. It can be inferred from the passage that both Apple and IBM try to gain a competitive advantage by ________.A) copying each other’s technologyB) incorporating features that make their products distinctiveC) making their computer more expensiveD) making their computers run much faster30. The best title for the passage would be ________.A) Apple’s Efforts to Stay Ahead of IBMB) Apple’s New Computer TechnologyC) Apple’s New personal ComputersD) Apple’s Research ActivitiesPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is a curious paradox that we think of the physical sciences as “hard”, the social sciences as “soft”, and the biological sciences as somewhere in between. This is interpreted to mean that our knowledge of physical systems is more certain than our knowledge of biological systems, and these in turn are more certain than our knowledge of social systems. In terms of our capacity to sample the relevant universes, however, and the probability that our images of these universes are at least approximately correct, one suspects that a reverse order is more reasonable. We are able to sample earth’s social systems with some degree of confidence that we have a reasonable sample of the total universe being investigated. Our knowledge of social systems, therefore, while it is in many ways extremely inaccurate, is not likely to be seriously overturned by new discoveries. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on, is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.In contrast, our image of the astronomical universe, of even of earth’s geological history, can easily be subject to revolutionary changes as new data comes in and new theories are worked out. If we define the “security” our image of various parts of the total system as the probability of their suffering significant changes, then we would reverse the order of hardness and see the social sciences as the most secure, the physical sciences as the leastsecure, and again the biological sciences as somewhere in between. Our image of the astronomical universe is the least secure of all simply because we observe such a fantastically small sample of it and its record-keeping is trivial as compared with the rich records of the social systems, or even the limited records of biological systems. Records of the astronomical universe, despite the fact that we see distant things as they were long ago, are limited in the extreme.Even in regard to such a close neighbour as the moon, which we have actually visited, theories about its origin and history are extremely different, contradictory, and hard to choose among. Our knowledge of physical evolution is incomplete and highly insecure.31. The word “paradox” (Para. 1, Line 1) means “________”.A) implicationB) contradictionC) interpretationD) confusion32. According to the author, we should reverse our classification of the physical sciences as “hard” and the social sciences as “soft” because ________.A) a reverse ordering will help promote the development of the physical sciencesB) our knowledge of physical systems is more reliable than that of social systemsC) our understanding of the social systems is approximately correctD) we are better able to investigate social phenomena than physical phenomena33. The author believes that our knowledge of social systems is more secure than that of physical systems because ________.A) it is not based on personal experienceB) new discoveries are less likely to occur in social sciencesC) it is based on a fairly representative quantity of dataD) the records of social systems are more reliable34. The chances of the physical sciences being subject to great changes are the biggest because ________.A) contradictory theories keep emerging all the timeB) new information is constantly coming inC) the direction of their development is difficult to predictD) our knowledge of the physical world is inaccurate35. We know less about the astronomical universe than we do about any social system because ________.A) theories of its origin and history are variedB) our knowledge of it is highly insecureC) only a very small sample of it has been observedD) few scientists are involved in the study of astronomyQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following.In the early days of nuclear power, the United States made money on it. But today opponents have so complicated its development that no nuclear plants have been ordered or built here in 12 years.The greatest fear of nuclear power opponents has always been a reactor “meltdown” (堆内熔化). Today, the chances of a meltdown that would threaten U.S. public health are very little. But to even further reduce the possibility, engineers are testing new reactors that rely not on human judgement to shut them down but on the laws of nature. Now General Electric is already building two advanced reactors in Japan. But do n’t expect them ever on U.S. shores unless things change in Washington.The procedure for licensing nuclear power plants is a bad dream. Any time during, or even after, construction, an objection by any group or individual can bring everything to a halt while the matter is investigated or taken to court. Meanwhile, the builder must add nice-but-not-necessary improvements, some of which force him to knock down walls and start over. In every case where a plant has been opposed, the Nuclear Regulation Commission has ultimately granted a license to construct or operate. But the victory often costs so much that the utility ends up abandoning the plant anyway.A case in point is the Shoreham plant on New York’s Long Island. Shoreham was a virtual twin to the Millstone plant in Connecticut, both ordered in the mid-’60s. Millstone, completed for $101 million, has been generating electricity for two decades. Shoreham, however, was singled out by anti-nuclear activists who, by sending in endless protests, drove the cost over $5 billion and delayed its use for many years.Shoreham finally won its operation license. But the plant has never produced a watt of power. Governor Mario Cuomo, an opponent of a Shoreham start-up, used his power to force New York’s public-utilities commission to accept the following settlement; the power company could pass the cost of Shoreham along to its consumers only if it agreed not to operate the plant! Today, a perfectly good facility, capable of servicing hundreds of homes, sits rusting.36. What has made the procedure for licensing nuclear power plantsa bad dream?A) The inefficiency of the Nuclear Regulation commission.B) The enormous cost of construction and operation.C) The length of time it takes to make investigations.D) The objection of the opponents of nuclear power.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ________.A) it is not technical difficulties that prevent the building of nuclear power plants in the U.S.B) there are not enough safety measures in the U.S. for running new nuclear power plantsC) there are already more nuclear power plants than necessary in the U.S.D) the American government will not allow Japanese nuclear reactors to be installed in the U.S.38. Any objection, however trivial it may be, can ________.A) force the power companies to cancel the projectB) delay the construction or operation of a nuclear plantC) cause a serious debate within the Nuclear Regulation CommissionD) take the builders to court39. Governor Mario’s chief intention in proposing t he settlement was to ________.A) stop the Shoreham plant from going into operationB) help the power company to solve its financial problemsC) urge the power company to further increase its power supplyD) permit the Shoreham plant to operate under certain conditions40. The author’s attitude towards the development of nuclear power is ________.A) negativeB) neutralC) positiveD) questioningPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. They ________ to enter the building by the back door; however, the front door was locked.A) weren’t supposedB) wouldn’t be supposedC) were supposedD) would be supposed42. ________ human behavior may be caused by eating substances that upset the delicate chemical balance in the brain.A) DeliberateB) ConsistentC) PrimitiveD) Abnormal43. The captured criminals were ________ in chains through thestreets.A) exhibitedB) displayedC) paradedD) revealed44. In reading stories we anticipate what is to come ________ on our memory of what has gone before.A) basedB) basingC) to baseD) to be based45. The world’s governments have done ________ nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents.A) inherentlyB) vitallyC) virtuallyD) identically46. I guess Jones didn’t have a chance to win the election. Almost all of the people in the city voted for his ________.A) candidateB) opponentC) alternativeD) participant47. The background music in an assembly line is designed ________.A) not being listened toB) not to be listened toC) being not listened toD) to be not listened to48. Teaching students of threshold level is hard work but the effort is very ________.A) preciousB) rewardingC) worthD) challenging49. The boy students in this school are nearly ________ as the girl students to say they intend to get a college degree in business.A) as likely twiceB) likely as twiceC) as twice likelyD) twice as likely50. The explorer lost his way so he climbed to the top of the hill to ________ himself.A) spotB) locateC) placeD) situate51. The city has decided to ________ smoking.A) do away withB) take awayC) get away withD) put away52. Perhaps it wouldn’t be ________ to go and see such a film.A) worthy you whileB) worth of whileC) worthy of whileD) worth your while53. The old building is in a good state of ________ except for the wooden floors.A) observationB) preservationC) conservationD) compensation54. While some office jobs would seem ________ to many people, there are quite a few jobs that are stimulating, exciting and satisfying.A) hostileB) tediousC) fantasticD) courageous55. ________ she wondered if she had made a mistake.A) Not until long afterwards thatB) It was not until long afterwards thatC) Not long until afterwardsD) It was long afterwards until56. The people who objected to the new approach were told that since work had already started there was no point in ________.A) denyingB) upsettingC) protestingD) competing57. The ceremony will ________ as soon as the minister arrives.A) completeB) commenceC) disperseD) descend58. So confused ________ that he didn’t know how to start his lecture.A) since he becameB) would he becomeC) that he becameD) did he become59. Since the couple could not ________ their differences, they decided to get a divorce.A) reconcileB) complyC) coincideD) resign60. After the collision, he examined the considerable ________ to his car.A) ruinB) destructionC) damageD) injury61. Output is now six times ________ it was before 1990.A) thatB) whatC) for whichD) of that62. The heavily populated area was a breeding place for ________ diseases.A) infectiousB) powerfulC) influentialD) suspicious63. It is unfortunate that, owing to lack of money, these experiments must now be ________ before the objective has been achieved.A) transferredB) testifiedC) terminatedD) transformed64. The synthetic vitamins are identical ________ those naturally present in our food.A) forB) ofC) asD) with65. Just as a book is often judged ________ by the quality and appearance of its cover, a person is judged immediately by his appearance.A) previouslyB) uniquelyC) outwardlyD) initially66. Recycling wastes slows down the rate ________ which we use up the Earth’s finite resources.A) InB) ofC) withD) at67. Gasoline is ________ by the spark plugs in the engine.A) ignitedB) inspiredC) excitedD) illuminated68. He ________ another career but, at the time, he didn’t have enough money to attend graduate school.A) might have chosenB) might chooseC) had to chooseD) must have chosen69. Many visitors praised the magnificent architecture of the Palace, ________.A) known to foreigners for the Forbidden CityB) known for foreigners to be the Forbidden CityC) known to foreigners as the Forbidden CityD) know for foreigners as the Forbidden City70. The travelers ________ their journey after a short break.A) recoveredB) resumedC) renewedD) restoredPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in thecorresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱. 1. time/times/periodMany of the arguments having╱ used for the study of literature as2. _______\_______a school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3.______the______We are all naturally attracted to people with ideas, beliefs and interests like our own. Similarly, we feel comfortable with people with physical qualities similar as ours. (71)You may have noticed about how people who live or work (72) closely together come to behave in a similar way. Unconsciously we copy these we are close to or love or admire. So a spor tsman’s (73) individual way of walking with raised shoulders is imitated by an admired (74) fan; a pair of lovers both shake their heads in the same way; an employer finds himself duplicating his boss’s habit of wagging (摆动) (75) a pen between his fingers while thinking.In every case, the influential person may consciously notice the (76) imitation but he will feel comfortably in its presence. And if he does (77) notice the matching of his gestures or movements, he finds it pleasing he is influencing people; they are drawn to them. (78) Sensitive people have been mirroring their friend and acquaintances (79) all their lives, and winning affection and respect in this way without aware of their methods. Now, for people who want to win (80) agreement or trust, affection or sympathy, some psychologists recommend the deliberate use of physical imitation.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic My view on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 现在有些不良的商业广告2. 这些广告的副作用和危害性3. 我对这些广告的态度1995年1月六级参考答案Part I1. C2. B3. C4. D5. A6. D7. D8. B9. C 10. B11. A 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. D16. B 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. CPart II21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A31. B 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C36. D 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. BPart III41. A 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. C46. B 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. B51. A 52. D 53. B 54. B 55. C56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. C61. B 62. A 63. C 64. D 65. C66. D 67. A 68. A 69. C 70. B71. as → to72. about → /73. these → those74. admired → admiring75. employer → employee76. consciously → unconsciously77. comfortably → comfortable78. them → him79. friend → friends80. (without) → (without) being1995年1月六级听力原文Section A1. W: You wanted to see me, Mr. Wright?M: Yes, Miss Gray. You’ll have to start getting to work on time, or your service will no longer be needed here.Q: What happened to Miss Gray?2. M: You know, I’m just not too sure if the new salary will be high enough or even the new position is really what I want. Besides, I like the work that I am doing now.W: It sounds as though you’ve already made up your mind ab out what you are going to do.Q: What is the man thinking about?3. W: I’m looking for textbook for my Psychology course. It’s called “Introduction to Educational Psychology”. Do you have it? M: Yes, we do. You’ll find it in Section 24 on the top shelf.Q: What’s the man’s occupation?4. W: Oh, this is a beautiful city. I’m really glad I’ve brought my camera.M: Yes, there are lots of things to take pictures of here. But I。

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌Passage One译文根据一项对睡眠中的鸭子的新研究，真正半睡的（即一个脑半球警觉，另一个睡眠）的鸟，能控制哪一侧大脑保持清醒。

早期研究已记载了多种禽类半脑睡眠的情况。

两个脑半球轮流进入睡眠阶段，其特征是脑波缓慢。

那只由睡眠的脑半球控制的眼睛闭着，而由清醒的脑半球控制的那只眼睛警觉地睁着。

禽类也能两个脑半球同时休息。

对鸟群进行几十年研究后，研究者预言，在一排末尾睡眠的鸭更易遭受攻击，也格外警觉。

可以肯定地说，在末尾的鸭往往小心翼翼地看没有同伴的那一侧。

在一群当中靠里面的鸭子不喜欢盯着某个方向。

而且，在一排末尾打盹的鸟，比在一群中间的鸭子更经常地采取一侧脑半球睡眠，而非完全休息，把16只鸟排成4排轮流调换其位置，研究者发现外侧的鸟在约32%的打盹时间里是半睡，而在内侧位置的鸟半睡的时间只占12%。

研究者说：“我们认为，这是动物同时控制大脑不同区域睡眠和清醒的行为的第一个证据。

”这些研究结果为长期以来的推测提供了最好证据：半脑睡眠是生物在警惕敌人过程中进化而成的。

他预言，鸟喜欢在需要监望的一侧睁着一只眼睛的现象可能很普遍。

他看到过这种现象，公园里一对紧挨着打盹的鸟是这样，在镜子旁睡觉的单个宠物鸟也是如此。

靠镜子一侧的眼睛闭着，好像镜子里的映像是伙伴，而另一只眼睛却睁着。

尽管半睡眠可能很有用，但我们只在禽类和海豚、鲸和海豹这些水生哺乳动物中发现了这种现象。

也许保持一半大脑清醒可使睡眠中的动物不时地浮出水面以免溺死。

对禽类的研究可能提供对睡眠的独特认识。

加利福尼亚大学洛杉矶分校的詹瑞姆?辛格说，他不知道禽类半脑睡眠是否“只是冰山之顶。

”他推测，如果我们仔细观察其他动物，就会发现更多例证。

Passage Two译文一个9岁女学生独自设计了一个公开科学实验，最终揭穿了一种广泛采用的医疗方法的真相。

埃米莉?罗莎的目标被称为接触疗法（TT），其鼓吹者操纵病人的“能场”能改善病情，有的甚至还说能治愈多种疾病。

2001年1月英语六级真题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afte rnoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.1. A) The woman never travels by plane.B) Both speakers feel nervous when flying.C) The man thinks travelling by air is quite safe.D) The speakers feel sad about the serious loss of life.2. A) In an office.B) In a restaurant.C) At a railway station.D) At the information desk.3. A) Fix the shelf.B) Paint the shelf.C) Write the letter.D) Look for the pen.4. A) It is run by Mrs. Winter’s husband.B) It hires Mrs. Winter as an adviser.C) It gives a 30% discount to all customers.D) It encourages husbands to shop on their own.5. A) Too tight a hat.B) Lack of sleep.C) Long working hours.D) Long exposure to the sun.6. A) He doesn’t like the way Americans speak.B) He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.C) His English is still poor after ten years in America.D) He doesn’t mind speaking English wi th an accent.7. A) An electrician.B) A carpenter.C) An auto mechanic.D) A telephone repairman.8. A) They both enjoyed watching the game.B) They both felt good about the results of the game.C) People were surprised at their winning the game.D) The man thought the results were beyond their expectations.9. A) Salesman and customer.B) Manager and employee.C) Professor and student.D) Guide and tourist.10. A) Tom will keep the surprise party a secret.B) Tom didn’t make any promise to Lucy.C) Tom has arranged a surprise party for Lucy.D) Tom and Lucy have no secrets from each other.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered form S1 to S7 with the exact words you have just heard: For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Compound DictationThe human body is a remarkable food processor. As an adult, you may consumer (S1) ___________ a ton of food per year and still not gain or lose a pound of body weight. You are (S2) ______________ harnessing and consuming energy through the intricate (S3) ______________ of your body in order to remain in energy balance. to (S4) ________________ a given body weight, your energy input must balance your energy output. However, sometimes the (S5) _____________ energy balance is upset, and your (S6) ___________________ body weight will either fall or (S7) ______________.The term body image refers to the mental image we have of our won physical appearance, and (S8) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __.Research has revealed that about 40 percent of adult men and 55 percent of adult women are dissatisfied with their current body weight (S9) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __.At the college level, a study found that 85 percent of both male and female first-year students desired to change their body weight. (S10) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ __.Thinness is currently an attribute that females desire highly. Males generally desire muscularity. The vast majority of individuals who want to change their body weight do it for the sake of appearance; most want to lose excess body fat while a smaller percentage of individuals actually want to gain weight.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Direction:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide onthe best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecenter.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Birds that are literally half-asleep—with one brain hemisphere alert and the other sleeping—control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks.Earlier studies have documented half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere’s eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.Earlier studies have documented half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere’s eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.Decades of studies of bird flocks led researchers to predict extra alertness in the more vulnerable, end-of-the-row sleepers, Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction.Also, birds dozing（打盹）at the end of the line resorted to single-hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Rotating 16 birds through the positions in a four-duck row, the researchers found outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of dozing time versus about 12 percent for birds in internal spots.“We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness simultaneously in different regions of the brain,” the researchers say.The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing supposition that single-hemisphere sleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He’s seen it in a pair of birds dozing side-by-side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by mirror. The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed open.Useful as half-sleeping might be, it’s only been found in birds and such water mammals（哺乳动物）as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UGLA says he wonders if birds’ half-brain sleep “is just the tip of the iceberg（冰山）”. He speculates th at more examples may turn up when we takea closer look at other species.11. A new study on birds’ sleep has revealed that ____________.A) birds can control their half-brain sleep consciouslyB) birds seldom sleep with the whole of their brain at restC) half-brain sleep is found in a wide variety of birdsD) half-brain sleep is characterized by slow brain waves12. According to the passage, birds often half sleep because ______________.A) they have to constantly keep an eye on their companionsB) the two halves of their brain are differently structuredC) they have to watch out for possible attacksD) their brain hemisphere take turns to rest13. The example of a bird sleeping in front of a mirror indicates that _____________.A) birds prefer to sleep in pairs for the sake of securityB) the phenomenon of birds dozing in pairs is widespreadC) a single pet bird enjoys seeing its own reflection in the mirrorD) even an imagined companion gives the bird a sense of security14. While sleeping, some water mammals tend to keep half awake in order to __________.A) avoid being swept away by rapid currentsB) emerge from water now and then to breatheC) alert themselves to the approaching enemyD) be sensitive to the ever-changing environment15. By “just the tip of the iceberg” (Line 2, Para.8), Siegel suggests that ____________.A) half-brain sleep is a phenomenon that could exist among other speciesB) most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepersC) the mystery of half-brain sleep is close to being solvedD) half-brain sleep has something to do with icy weatherPassage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:A nine-year-old schoolgirl single-handedly cooks up a science-fair experiment that ends up debunking（揭穿．．．的真相）a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa’s target was a practice known as therapeutic（治疗）touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients’ “energy field” to make them feel better and even, say some, to cure them of various ills. Yet Emily’s test shows that these energy fields can’t be detected, even by trained TT practitioners（行医者）. Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation, Journal editor George Lundberg appeared on TV to declare, “Age doesn’t matter. It’s good science that matters, and this is good science.”Emily’s mother Linda Rosa, a registered nurse, has been campaigning against TT for nearly a decade. Linda first thought about TT in the late ’80s, when she learned it was on the approved list for continuing n ursing education in Colorado. Its 100,000 trained practitioners (48,000 in the U.S.) don’t even touch their patients. Instead, they waved their hands a few inches from the patient’s body, pushing energy fields around until they’re in “balance.” TT advocates say these manipulations can help heal wounds, relieve pain and reduce fever. The claims are taken seriously enough that TT therapists are frequently hired by leading hospitals, at up to $70 an hour, the smooth patients’ energy, sometimes during surgery.Yet Rosa could not find any evidence that it works. To provide such proof, TT therapists would have to sit down for independent testing—something they haven’t been eager to do, even though James Randi has offered more than $1 million to anyone who can dem onstrate the existence of a human energy field. (He’s had one taker so far. She failed.) A skeptic might conclude that TT practitioners are afraid to lay their beliefs on the line. But who could turn down an innocent fourth-grader? Says Emily: “I think they didn’t take me very seriously because I’m a kid.”The experiment was straightforward: 21 TT therapists stuck their hands, palms up, through a screen. Emily held her own hand over one of theirs—left or right—and the practitioners had to say which hand it was. When the results were recorded, they’d done no better than they would have by simply guessing. if there was an energy field, they couldn’t feel it.16. Which of the following is evidence that TT is widely practiced?A) TT has been in existence for decades.B) Many patients were cured by therapeutic touch.C) TT therapists are often employed by leading hospitals.D) More than 100,000 people are undergoing TT treatment.17. Very few TT practitioners responded to the $1 million offer because ____________.A) they didn’t take the offer seriouslyB) they didn’t want to risk their careerC) they were unwilling to reveal their secretD) they thought it was not in line with their practice18. The purpose of Emily Rosa’s experiment was ____________.A) to see why TT could work the way it didB) to find out how TT cured patient’s illnessC) to test whether she could sense the human energy fieldD) to test whether a human energy field really existed19. Why did some TT practitioners agree to be the su bjects of Emily’s experiment?A) It involved nothing more than mere guessing.B) They thought it was going to be a lot of fun.C) It was more straightforward than other experiments.D) They sensed no harm in a little girl’s experiment.20. What can we learn from the passage?A) Some widely accepted beliefs can be deceiving.B) Solid evidence weighs more than pure theories.C) Little children can be as clever as trained TT practitioners.D) The principle of TT is too profound to understand.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:What might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special—purpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose land system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway（高速公路）capacity.Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special onramp（入口引道）. As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a “transition” lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic. (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would, presumably, be well respected, because all trespassers（非法进入者）could be swiftly identified by authorities.)Either approach to joining, a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging, without the usualuncertainties and potential for accidents. and once a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the drive would be free to release the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax.21. We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways __________.A) are being plannedB) are being modifiedC) are now in wide useD) are under construction22. A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that ________________.A) it would require only minor changes to existing highwaysB) it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiencyC) it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehiclesD) it offers more lanes for automated vehicles23. Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?A) Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destinations.B) A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system.C) The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto it.D) The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.24. We know form the passage that a car can enter a special-purpose lane __________.A) by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional laneB) by way of a ramp with electronic control devicesC) through a specially guarded gateD) after all trespassers are identified and removed25. When driving in an automated lane, the driver ___________.A) should harmonize with newly entering carsB) doesn’t have to rely on his computer systemC) should watch out for potential accidentsD) doesn’t have to hold not to the steering wheelPassage FourQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Taking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels, and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of intelligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of self-fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more educational merit badges, who is very good at some form of school discipline is “intelligent.” Yet ment al hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of every day.If you are happy, if you live each moment for ever ything it’s worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N. B. D—Nervous Break Down.“Intelligent” people do not have N. B. D.’s because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of their lives. You can begin to think of yourself as truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Everyone who is involved with other human beings in any socialcontext has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths, natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an N. B. D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don’t measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, the most rare.26. According to the author, the conventional notion of intelligence measured in terms of one’s ability to read,write and compute _____________.A) is a widely held but wrong conceptB) will help eliminate intellectual prejudiceC) is the root of all mental distressD) will contribute to one’s self-fulfillment27. It is implied in the passage that holding a university degree _____________.A) may result in one’s inability to solve complex real-life problemsB) does not indicate one’s ability to write properly worded documentsC) may make one mentally sick and physically weakD) does not mean that one is highly intelligent28. The author thinks that an intelligent person knows _____________.A) how to put up with some very prevalent mythsB) how to find the best way to achieve success in lifeC) how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhileD) how to persuade others to compromise29. In the last paragraph, the author tells us that _____________.A) difficulties are but part of everyone’s lifeB) depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in lifeC) everybody should learn to avoid trying circumstancesD) good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellence30. According to the passage, what kind of people are rare?A) Those who don’t emphasize bookish excellence in their pursuit of happiness.B) Those who are aware of difficulties in life but know how to avoid unhappiness.C) Those who measure happiness by an absence of problems but seldom suffer form N. B. D.’s.D) Those who are able to secure happiness though having to struggle against trying circumstances.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter onthe Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.31. Starting with the ______________ that there is life on the planet Mars, the scientist went on to develop hisargument.A) premise B) pretextC) foundation D) presentation32. After several nuclear disasters, a __________ has raged over the safety of nuclear energy.A) quarrel B) suspicionC) verdict D) controversy33. Their diplomatic principles completely laid bare their ____________ for world conquest.A) admiration B) ambitionC) administration D) orientation34. The director gave me his ___________ that he would double my pay if I did my job well.A) warrant B) obligationC) assurance D) certainty35. The Christmas tree was decorated with shining _____________ such as colored lights and glass balls.A) ornaments B) luxuriesC) exhibits D) complements36. The two most important ______________ in making a cake are flour and sugar.A) elements B) componentsC) ingredients D) constituents37. Cultural _______________ indicates that human beings hand their languages down form one generation toanother.A) translation B) transitionC) transmission D) transaction38. We must look beyond ___________ and assumptions and try to discover what is missing.A) justifications B) illusionsC) manifestations D) specifications39. No one imagined that the apparently _____________ businessman was really a criminal.A) respective B) respectableC) respectful D) realistic40. If nothing is done to protect the environment, millions of species that are alive today will have become_______________.A) deteriorated B) degeneratedC) suppressed D) extinct41. The _________of the scientific attitude is that the human mind can succeed in understanding the universe.A) essence B) contentC) texture D) threshold42. The old lady has developed a ______________ cough which cannot be cured completely in a short time.A) perpetual B) permanentC) chronic D) sustained43. What the correspondent sent us is an _____________ news report. We can depend on it.A) evident B) authenticC) ultimate D) immediate44. Having had her as a professor and adviser, I can tell you that she is an __________ force who pushes herstudents to excel far beyond their own expectations.A) inspirational B) educationalC) excessive D) instantaneous45. Some researchers feel that certain people have nervous systems particularly ___________ to hot, dry winds.They are what we call weather-sensitive people.A) subjective B) subordinateC) liable D) vulnerable46. Hurricanes are killer winds, and their ____________ power lies in the physical damage they can do.A) cumulative B) destructiveC) turbulent D) prevalent47. In some countries, students are expected to be quiet and ___________ in the classroom.A) skeptical B) faithfulC) obedient D) subsidiary48. In spite of the ___________ economic forecasts, manufacturing output has risen slightly.A) gloomy B) miserableC) shadowy D) obscure49. Body paint or face paint is used mostly by men in pre-literate societies in order to attract good health or to___________ disease.A) set aside B) ward offC) shrug off D) give away50. The international situation has been growing __________ difficult for the last few years.A) invariably B) presumablyC) increasingly D) dominantly51. The prisoner was ________________ of his civil liberty for three years.A) discharged B) derivedC) deprived D) dispatched52. Small farms and the lack of modern technology have __________ agricultural production.A) blundered B) tangledC) bewildered D) hampered53. The Japanese scientists have found that scents ______________ efficiency and reduce stress among officeworkers.A) enhance B) amplifyC) foster D) magnify54. All the students have to _____________ to the rules and regulations of the school.A) confirm B) confrontC) confine D) conform55. He ____________ his head, wondering how to solve the problem.A) scrapped B) screwedC) scraped D) scratched56. As soon as the boy was able to earn his own living he _________ his parents’ strict r ules.A) defied B) refutedC) excluded D) vetoed57. The helicopter _____________ a light plane and both pilots were killed.A) coincided with B) stumbled onC) tumbled to D) collided with58. To ______________ is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such good condition that othersmay also share the enjoyment.A) conserve B) conceiveC) convert D) contrive59. Put on dark glasses or the sun will _____________ you and you won’t be able to see.A) discern B) distortC) distract D) dazzle60. In __________ times human beings did not travel for pleasure but to find a more favorable climate.A) prime B) primitiveC) primary D) preliminaryPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.In the United States, the first day nursery was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the ___61__ half of the 19th century; most of ___62___ were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U.S. the day-nursery movement received great ___63___ during the First World War, when ___64___ of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented（前所未有）numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were establishes ___65___ in munitions（军火）plants, under direct government sponsorship. ___66___ the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose ___67___, this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War, ___68___, Federal, State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control ___69___ the day nurseries, chiefly by ___70___ them and by inspecting and regulating the conditions within the nurseries.The ___71___ of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were ___72___ called upon to replace men in the factories. On this ___73___ the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools. ___74___ $6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery-school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities ___75___ this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared ___76___ in day-care centers receiving Federal ___77___. Soon afterward, the Federal government ___78___ cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later ___79___ them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their ___80___ at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.61. A) latter B) late C) other D) first62. A) those B) them C) whose D) whom63. A) impetus B) input C) imitation D) initiative64. A) sources B) abundance C) shortage D) reduction65. A) hardly B) entirely C) only D) even66. A) Because B) As C) Since D) Although67. A) unanimously B) sharply C) predominantly D) militantly68. A) therefore B) consequently C) however D) moreover69. A) over B) in C) at D) about70. A) formulating B) labeling C) patenting D) licensing71. A) outset B) outbreak C) breakthrough D) breakdown72. A) again B) thus C) repeatedly D) yet73. A) circumstance B) occasion C) case D) situation74. A) regulating B) summoning C) allocating D) transferring75. A) expanded B) facilitated C) supplemented D) compensated76. A) by B) after C) of D) for77. A) pensions B) subsidies C) revenues D) budgets78. A) prevalently B) furiously C) statistically D) drastically79. A) abolished B) diminished C) jeopardized D) precluded80. A) nurseries B) homes C) jobs D) childrenPart V Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Succeed ina Job Interview? You should write at least 120 words, and base your composition on the outlinegiven in Chinese below:。

2001年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Example:You will hear:You will read:A) 2 hours.B) 3 hours.C) 4 hours.D) 5 hours.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.1. A) The woman never travels by plane.B) Both speakers feel nervous when flying.C) The man thinks travelling by air is quite safe.D) The speakers feel sad about the serious loss of life.2. A) In an office.B) In a restaurant.C) At a railway station.D) At the information desk.3. A) Fix the shelf.B) Paint the shelf.C) Write the letter.D) Look for the pen.4. A) It is run by Mrs. Winter’s husband.B) It hires Mrs. Winter as an adviser.C) It gives a 30% discount to all customers.D) It encourages husbands to shop on their own.5. A) Too tight a hat.B) Lack of sleep.C) Long working hours.D) Long exposure to the sun.6. A) He doesn’t like the way Americans speak.B) He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.C) His English is still poor after ten years in America.D) He doesn’t mind speaking English with an accent.7. A) An electrician.B) A carpenter.C) An auto mechanic.D) A telephone repairman.8. A) They both enjoyed watching the game.B) They both felt good about the results of the game.C) People were surprised at their winning the game.D) The man thought the results were beyond their expectations.9. A) Salesman and customer.B) Manager and employee.C) Professor and student.D) Guide and tourist.10. A) Tom will keep the surprise party a secret.B) Tom didn’t make any promi se to Lucy.C) Tom has arranged a surprise party for Lucy.D) Tom and Lucy have no secrets from each other.Section BDirections:In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered form S1 to S7 with the exact words you have just heard: For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Compound DictationThe human body is a remarkable food processor. As an adult, you may consumer (S1) ___________ a ton of food per year and still not gain or lose a pound of body weight. You are (S2) ______________ harnessing and consuming energy through the intricate (S3) ______________ of your body in order to remain in energy balance. to (S4) ________________ a given body weight, your energy input must balance your energy output. However, sometimes the (S5) _____________ energy balance is upset, and your (S6) ___________________ body weight will either fall or (S7) ______________.The term body image refers to the mental image we have of our won physical appearance, and (S8) ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________.Research has revealed that about 40 percent of adult men and 55 percent of adult women are dissatisfied with their current body weight (S9) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________.At the college level, a study found that 85 percent of both male and female first-year students desired to change their body weight. (S10) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________.Thinness is currently an attribute that females desire highly. Males generally desire muscularity. The vast majority of individuals who want to change their body weight do it for the sake of appearance; most want to lose excess body fat while a smaller percentage of individuals actually want to gain weight.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Direction:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter onthe Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:Birds that are literally half-asleep—with one brain hemisphere alert and the other sleeping—control which side of the brain remains awake, according to a new study of sleeping ducks.Earlier studies have documented half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the sleeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere’s eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.Earlier studies have documented half-brain sleep in a wide range of birds. The brain hemispheres take turns sinking into the sleep stage characterized by slow brain waves. The eye controlled by the s leeping hemisphere keeps shut, while the wakeful hemisphere’s eye stays open and alert. Birds also can sleep with both hemispheres resting at once.Decades of studies of bird flocks led researchers to predict extra alertness in the more vulnerable, end-of-the-row sleepers, Sure enough, the end birds tended to watch carefully on the side away from their companions. Ducks in the inner spots showed no preference for gaze direction.Also, birds dozing（打盹）at the end of the line resorted to single-hemisphere sleep, rather than total relaxation, more often than inner ducks did. Rotating 16 birds through the positions in a four-duck row, the researchers found outer birds half-asleep during some 32 percent of dozing time versus about 12 percent for birds in internal spots.“We believe this is the first evidence for an animal behaviorally controlling sleep and wakefulness simultaneously in different regions of the brain,” the researchers say.The results provide the best evidence for a long-standing supposition that single-hemispheresleep evolved as creatures scanned for enemies. The preference for opening an eye on the lookout side could be widespread, he predicts. He’s seen it in a pair of birds dozing side-by-side in the zoo and in a single pet bird sleeping by mirror. The mirror-side eye closed as if the reflection were a companion and the other eye stayed open.Useful as half-sleeping might be, it’s only been found in birds and such water mammals（哺乳动物）as dolphins, whales, and seals. Perhaps keeping one side of the brain awake allows a sleeping animal to surface occasionally to avoid drowning.Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep. Jerome M. Siegel of the UGLA says he wonders if bi rds’ half-brain sleep “is just the tip of the iceberg（冰山）”. He speculates that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.11. A new study on birds’ sleep has revealed that ____________.A) birds can control their half-brain sleep consciouslyB) birds seldom sleep with the whole of their brain at restC) half-brain sleep is found in a wide variety of birdsD) half-brain sleep is characterized by slow brain waves12. According to the passage, birds often half sleep because ______________.A) they have to constantly keep an eye on their companionsB) the two halves of their brain are differently structuredC) they have to watch out for possible attacksD) their brain hemisphere take turns to rest13. The example of a bird sleeping in front of a mirror indicates that _____________.A) birds prefer to sleep in pairs for the sake of securityB) the phenomenon of birds dozing in pairs is widespreadC) a single pet bird enjoys seeing its own reflection in the mirrorD) even an imagined companion gives the bird a sense of security14. While sleeping, some water mammals tend to keep half awake in order to __________.A) avoid being swept away by rapid currentsB) emerge from water now and then to breatheC) alert themselves to the approaching enemyD) be sensitive to the ever-changing environment15. By “just the tip of the iceberg” (Line 2, Para.8), Siegel suggests that ____________.A) half-brain sleep is a phenomenon that could exist among other speciesB) most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepersC) the mystery of half-brain sleep is close to being solvedD) half-brain sleep has something to do with icy weatherPassage TwoQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:A nine-year-old schoolgirl single-handedly cooks up a science-fair experiment that ends up debunking（揭穿．．．的真相）a widely practiced medical treatment. Emily Rosa’s target was a practice known as therapeutic（治疗）touch (TT for short), whose advocates manipulate patients’ “energy field”to make them feel better and even, say some, to cure them of various ills. Yet Emily’s test shows that these energy fields can’t be detected, even by trained TT practitioners（行医者）. Obviously mindful of the publicity value of the situation, Journal editor George Lundberg appeared on TV to declare, “Age doesn’t matter. It’s good science that matters, and this is good science.”Emily’s mother Linda Rosa, a registered nurse, has been campaigning against TT for nearly a decade. Linda first thought about TT in the late ’80s, when she learned it was on the approved list for continuing nursing education in Colorado. Its 100,000 trained practitioners (48,000 in the U.S.) don’t even touch their patients. Instead, they waved their hands a few inches from the patient’s body, pushing energy fields around until they’re in “balance.” TT advocates say these manipulations can help heal wounds, relieve pain and reduce fever. The claims are taken seriously enough that TT therapists are frequently hired by leading hospitals, at up to $70 an hour, the smooth patients’ energy, sometimes during surgery.Yet Rosa could not find any evidence that it works. To provide such proof, TT therapists would have to sit down for independent testing—something they haven’t been eager to do, ev en though James Randi has offered more than $1 million to anyone who can demonstrate the existence of a human energy field. (He’s had one taker so far. She failed.) A skeptic might conclude that TT practitioners are afraid to lay their beliefs on the line. But who could turn down an innocent fourth-grader? Says Emily: “I think they didn’t take me very seriously because I’m a kid.”The experiment was straightforward: 21 TT therapists stuck their hands, palms up, through a screen. Emily held her own hand over one of theirs—left or right—and the practitioners had to say which hand it was. When the results were recorded, they’d done no better than they would have by simply guessing. if there was an energy field, they couldn’t feel it.16. Which of the following is evidence that TT is widely practiced?A) TT has been in existence for decades.B) Many patients were cured by therapeutic touch.C) TT therapists are often employed by leading hospitals.D) More than 100,000 people are undergoing TT treatment.17. Very few TT practitioners responded to the $1 million offer because ____________.A) they didn’t take the offer seriouslyB) they didn’t want to risk their careerC) they were unwilling to reveal their secretD) they thought it was not in line with their practice18. The purpose of Emily Rosa’s experiment was ____________.A) to see why TT could work the way it didB) to find out how TT cured patient’s illnessC) to test whether she could sense the human energy fieldD) to test whether a human energy field really existed19. Why did some TT practitioners agree to be the subjects of Emily’s experiment?A) It involved nothing more than mere guessing.B) They thought it was going to be a lot of fun.C) It was more straightforward than other experiments.D) They sensed no harm in a little girl’s experiment.20. What can we learn from the passage?A) Some widely accepted beliefs can be deceiving.B) Solid evidence weighs more than pure theories.C) Little children can be as clever as trained TT practitioners.D) The principle of TT is too profound to understand.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:What might driving on an automated highway be like? The answer depends on what kind of system is ultimately adopted. Two distinct types are on the drawing board. The first is a special—purpose lane system, in which certain lanes are reserved for automated vehicles. The second is a mixed traffic system: fully automated vehicles would share the road with partially automated or manually driven cars. A special-purpose land system would require more extensive physical modifications to existing highways, but it promises the greatest gains in freeway（高速公路）capacity.Under either scheme, the driver would specify the desired destination, furnishing this information to a computer in the car at the beginning of the trip or perhaps just before reaching the automated highway. If a mixed traffic system was in place, automated driving could begin whenever the driver was on suitably equipped roads. If special-purpose lanes were available, the car could enter them and join existing traffic in two different ways. One method would use a special onramp（入口引道）. As the driver approached the point of entry for the highway, devices installed on the roadside would electronically check the vehicle to determine its destination and to ascertain that it had the proper automation equipment in good working order. Assuming it passed such tests, the driver would then be guided through a gate and toward an automated lane. In this case, the transition from manual to automated control would take place on the entrance ramp. An alternative technique could employ conventional lanes, which would be shared by automated and regular vehicles. The driver would steer onto the highway and move in normal fashion to a “transition” lane. The vehicle would then shift under computer control onto a lane reserved for automated traffic. (The limitation of these lanes to automated traffic would, presumably, be well respected, because all trespassers（非法进入者）could be swiftly identified by authorities.) Either approach to joining, a lane of automated traffic would harmonize the movement of newly entering vehicles with those already traveling. Automatic control here should allow for smooth merging, without the usual uncertainties and potential for accidents. and once a vehicle had settled into automated travel, the drive would be free to release the wheel, open the morning paper or just relax.21. We learn from the first paragraph that two systems of automated highways __________.A) are being plannedB) are being modifiedC) are now in wide useD) are under construction22. A special-purpose lane system is probably advantageous in that ________________.A) it would require only minor changes to existing highwaysB) it would achieve the greatest highway traffic efficiencyC) it has a lane for both automated and partially automated vehiclesD) it offers more lanes for automated vehicles23. Which of the following is true about driving on an automated highway?A) Vehicles traveling on it are assigned different lanes according to their destinations.B) A car can join existing traffic any time in a mixed lane system.C) The driver should inform his car computer of his destination before driving onto it.D) The driver should share the automated lane with those of regular vehicles.24. We know form the passage that a car can enter a special-purpose lane __________.A) by smoothly merging with cars on the conventional laneB) by way of a ramp with electronic control devicesC) through a specially guarded gateD) after all trespassers are identified and removed25. When driving in an automated lane, the driver ___________.A) should harmonize with newly entering carsB) doesn’t have to rely on his computer systemC) should watch out for potential accidentsD) doesn’t have to hold not to the steering wheelPassage FourQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:Taking charge of yourself involves putting to rest some very prevalent myths. At the top of the list is the notion that intelligence is measured by your ability to solve complex problems; to read, write and compute at certain levels, and to resolve abstract equations quickly. This vision of intelligence asserts formal education and bookish excellence as the true measures of self-fulfillment. It encourages a kind of intellectual prejudice that has brought with it some discouraging results. We have come to believe that someone who has more educational merit badges, who is very good at some form of school discipline is “intelligent.” Yet mental hospitals are filled with patients who have all of the properly lettered certificates. A truer indicator of intelligence is an effective, happy life lived each day and each present moment of every day.If you are happy, if you live each moment for everything it’s worth, then you are an intelligent person. Problem solving is a useful help to your happiness, but if you know that given your inability to resolve a particular concern you can still choose happiness for yourself, or at a minimum refuse to choose unhappiness, then you are intelligent. You are intelligent because you have the ultimate weapon against the big N. B. D—Nervous Break Down.“Intelligent” people do not have N. B. D.’s because they are in charge of themselves. They know how to choose happiness over depression, because they know how to deal with the problems of their lives. You can begin to think of yourself as truly intelligent on the basis of how you choose to feel in the face of trying circumstances. The life struggles are pretty much the same for each of us. Everyone who is involved with other human beings in any social context has similar difficulties. Disagreements, conflicts and compromises are a part of what it means to be human. Similarly, money, growing old, sickness, deaths, natural disasters and accidents are all events which present problems to virtually all human beings. But some people are able to make it, to avoid immobilizing depression and unhappiness despite such occurrences, while others collapse or have an N. B. D. Those who recognize problems as a human condition and don’t measure happiness by an absence of problems are the most intelligent kind of humans we know; also, themost rare.26. According to the author, the conventional notion of intelligence measured i n terms of one’sability to read, write and compute _____________.A) is a widely held but wrong conceptB) will help eliminate intellectual prejudiceC) is the root of all mental distressD) will contribute to one’s self-fulfillment27. It is implied in the passage that holding a university degree _____________.A) may result in one’s inabili ty to solve complex real-life problemsB) does not indicate one’s ability to write properly worded documentsC) may make one mentally sick and physically weakD) does not mean that one is highly intelligent28. The author thinks that an intelligent person knows _____________.A) how to put up with some very prevalent mythsB) how to find the best way to achieve success in lifeC) how to avoid depression and make his life worthwhileD) how to persuade others to compromise29. In the last paragraph, the author tells us that _____________.A) difficulties are but part of everyone’s lifeB) depression and unhappiness are unavoidable in lifeC) everybody should learn to avoid trying circumstancesD) good feelings can contribute to eventual academic excellence30. According to the passage, what kind of people are rare?A) Those who don’t emphasize bookish excellence in their pursuit of happiness.B) Those who are aware of difficulties in life but know how to avoid unhappiness.C) Those who measure happiness by an absence of problems but seldom suffer form N. B.D.’s.D) Those who are able to secure happiness though having to struggle against tryingcircumstances.Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line throughthe center.31. Starting with the ______________ that there is life on the planet Mars, the scientist went on todevelop his argument.A) premise B) pretextC) foundation D) presentation32. After several nuclear disasters, a __________ has raged over the safety of nuclear energy.A) quarrel B) suspicionC) verdict D) controversy33. Their diplomatic principles completely laid bare their ____________ for world conquest.A) admiration B) ambitionC) administration D) orientation34. The director gave me his ___________ that he would double my pay if I did my job well.A) warrant B) obligationC) assurance D) certainty35. The Christmas tree was decorated with shining _____________ such as colored lights andglass balls.A) ornaments B) luxuriesC) exhibits D) complements36. The two most important ______________ in making a cake are flour and sugar.A) elements B) componentsC) ingredients D) constituents37. Cultural _______________ indicates that human beings hand their languages down form onegeneration to another.A) translation B) transitionC) transmission D) transaction38. We must look beyond ___________ and assumptions and try to discover what is missing.A) justifications B) illusionsC) manifestations D) specifications39. No one imagined that the apparently _____________ businessman was really a criminal.A) respective B) respectableC) respectful D) realistic40. If nothing is done to protect the environment, millions of species that are alive today will havebecome _______________.A) deteriorated B) degeneratedC) suppressed D) extinct41. The _________of the scientific attitude is that the human mind can succeed in understandingthe universe.A) essence B) contentC) texture D) threshold42. The old lady has developed a ______________ cough which cannot be cured completely in ashort time.A) perpetual B) permanentC) chronic D) sustained43. What the correspondent sent us is an _____________ news report. We can depend on it.A) evident B) authenticC) ultimate D) immediate44. Having had her as a professor and adviser, I can tell you that she is an __________ force whopushes her students to excel far beyond their own expectations.A) inspirational B) educationalC) excessive D) instantaneous45. Some researchers feel that certain people have nervous systems particularly ___________ tohot, dry winds. They are what we call weather-sensitive people.A) subjective B) subordinateC) liable D) vulnerable46. Hurricanes are killer winds, and their ____________ power lies in the physical damage theycan do.A) cumulative B) destructiveC) turbulent D) prevalent47. In some countries, students are expected to be quiet and ___________ in the classroom.A) skeptical B) faithfulC) obedient D) subsidiary48. In spite of the ___________ economic forecasts, manufacturing output has risen slightly.A) gloomy B) miserableC) shadowy D) obscure49. Body paint or face paint is used mostly by men in pre-literate societies in order to attract goodhealth or to ___________ disease.A) set aside B) ward offC) shrug off D) give away50. The international situation has been growing __________ difficult for the last few years.A) invariably B) presumablyC) increasingly D) dominantly51. The prisoner was ________________ of his civil liberty for three years.A) discharged B) derivedC) deprived D) dispatched52. Small farms and the lack of modern technology have __________ agricultural production.A) blundered B) tangledC) bewildered D) hampered53. The Japanese scientists have found that scents ______________ efficiency and reduce stressamong office workers.A) enhance B) amplifyC) foster D) magnify54. All the students have to _____________ to the rules and regulations of the school.A) confirm B) confrontC) confine D) conform55. He ____________ his head, wondering how to solve the problem.A) scrapped B) screwedC) scraped D) scratched56. As soon as the boy was able to earn his own living he _________ his parents’ strict rules.A) defied B) refutedC) excluded D) vetoed57. The helicopter _____________ a light plane and both pilots were killed.A) coincided with B) stumbled onC) tumbled to D) collided with58. To ______________ is to save and protect, to leave what we ourselves enjoy in such goodcondition that others may also share the enjoyment.A) conserve B) conceiveC) convert D) contrive59. Put on dark glasses or the sun will _____________ you and you won’t be able to see.A) discern B) distortC) distract D) dazzle60. In __________ times human beings did not travel for pleasure but to find a more favorableclimate.A) prime B) primitiveC) primary D) preliminaryPart IV Cloze (15 minutes)Directions:There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.In the United States, the first day nursery was opened in 1854. Nurseries were established in various areas during the ___61__ half of the 19th century; most of ___62___ were charitable. Both in Europe and in the U.S. the day-nursery movement received great ___63___ during the First World War, when ___64___ of manpower caused the industrial employment of unprecedented（前所未有）numbers of women. In some European countries nurseries were establishes ___65___ in munitions（军火）plants, under direct government sponsorship. ___66___ the number of nurseries in the U.S. also rose ___67___, this rise was accomplished without government aid of any kind. During the years following the First World War, ___68___, Federal, State, and local governments gradually began to exercise a measure of control ___69___ the day nurseries, chiefly by ___70___ them and by inspecting and regulating the conditions within the nurseries.The ___71___ of the Second World War was quickly followed by an increase in the number of day nurseries in almost all countries, as women were ___72___ called upon to replace men in the factories. On this ___73___ the U.S. government immediately came to the support of the nursery schools. ___74___ $6,000,000 in July, 1942, for a nursery-school program for the children of working mothers. Many States and local communities ___75___ this Federal aid. By the end of the war, in August, 1945, more than 100,000 children were being cared ___76___ in day-care centers receiving Federal ___77___. Soon afterward, the Federal government ___78___ cut down its expenditures for this purpose and later ___79___ them, causing a sharp drop in the number of nursery schools in operation. However, the expectation that most employed mothers would leave their ___80___ at the end of the war was only partly fulfilled.61. A) latter B) late C) other D) first62. A) those B) them C) whose D) whom63. A) impetus B) input C) imitation D) initiative64. A) sources B) abundance C) shortage D) reduction65. A) hardly B) entirely C) only D) even66. A) Because B) As C) Since D) Although67. A) unanimously B) sharply C) predominantly D) militantly。