第9章地方色彩小说?马克?吐温 9.1复习笔记 I.Local Colorism（地方色彩主义） The vogue of local color fiction was the outgrowth of historical and aesthetic forces that had been gathering energy since early19th century.Local colorism as a literary trend first made its presence felt in the late1860s and early seventies.It is a variation of American literary realism. Local colorists were consciously nostalgic historians of a vanishing way of life,recorders of a present that faded before their eyes.They concerned themselves with presenting and interpreting the local character of their regions.They tended to idealize and glorify,but they never forgot to keep an eye on the truthful color of local life.Major local colorists are Bret Harte,Hanlin Garland, Harriet Beecher Stowe,Kate Chopin and Mark Twain. 地方色彩小说的流行是自19世纪早期以来历史和艺术力量凝聚的产物。作为一种文学潮流，地方色彩主义在19世纪60年代晚期和70年代早期初展头角。它是美国现实主义文学的一个分支。 地方色彩主义作家是怀念正在消逝的生活方式的历史家，他们记录了在他们眼前逝去的现在。他们致力于展示描述自己地方的特色，倾向于赞颂地方生活并将其理想化，但是他们又注意不失地方生活的真实色彩。主要的地方色彩主义作家包括布莱特·哈特、汉林·加兰德、哈里耶特·比彻·斯托、凯特·肖邦及马克·吐温等。 II.Mark Twain(1835-1910)（马克·吐温） 1.Life（生平） Mark Twain,pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens,is a great literary giant of America. He was brought up in the small town of Hannibal,Missouri,on the Mississippi River.He was twelve when his father died and he had to leave school.He was successively a printer’s apprentice,a tramp printer,a silver miner,a steamboat pilot on the Mississippi,and a frontier journalist in Nevada and California.This knocking about gave him wide knowledge of humanity. With the publication of his frontier tale,he became nationally famous.His first novel The Gilded Age was an artistic failure,but it gave its name to the American of the post-bellum period.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was his masterwork.Mark Twain was essentially an affirmative writer.But toward the latter part of his life,due to some tragic events,he changed to an almost
考查课结课论文（报告、案例分析）写作要求 1.任课教师可以根据课程性质或教学要求自主安排学生论文（报告、 案例分析）采用打印版或手写版。采用打印版的课程请学生按照本文件的相关要求提交论文（报告、案例分析）。 2.任课教师可依据具体课程要求制定评分标准，并在布置学生写论 文前将《课程论文评分表》以电子表格或其他方式发给学生，让学生提交论文时一并提交评分表，《课程论文评分表》一页需要打印装订。 3.为了便于装订材料，学生提交的论文（报告、案例分析）无论是 打印版还是手写版，最好采用A4纸，且第一页为统一的封皮格式。 4.学生提交的论文（报告、案例分析）为教学档案的资料，每学期 期末任课教师都需在规定时间内将学生提交的论文（报告、案例分析）整理后，提交到开课院部的教学秘书处，以便装订存档。 教务处 2013年5月
俄罗斯社会与文化课程论文 院系信息学院 专业信息管理与电子商务 班级152133001 学生姓名王佳 学号1521330035 任课教师魏丽卿 2017 年 1 月 1 日
浅述第二次世界大战中的战略战术——苏德战场（1941年6月——1941年12月）信息管理与电子商务专业学生王佳学号1521330035 关键词：苏德战场；战略；战术 一、引言 在纳粹德国尚未入侵苏联前，苏联尚未从苏联-挪威战争中恢复过来，对于波罗的海三国也尚未完全控制。以及苏联仍未从肃反扩大化的阴影中走出来，导致苏联的军事实力大减，人民的信任程度降低。加之希特勒希望藉由击垮苏联来震慑美国，使其继续保持中立；击垮英国人抵抗的意志，进而快速占领英国。以上种种原因，导致了希特勒最终决定对苏联开战。 1941年4月15日，一架容克86飞机由于引擎故障在罗夫诺被击落，苏联军方发现击落的飞机为一架德军侦察飞机。 1941年4月25日，驻德军事专员瓦西里·图皮科夫少将向莫斯科方面发出关于苏德边境的战争警报。 与此同时，德国正在实行希特勒在1940年12月18日签署的第21号指令，即被称为“巴巴罗萨计划”的对苏侵略指令，军列携带大量人员、物资﹑弹药﹑武器装备已大举向东进发. 1941年6月27日，苏德正式开战。 兵力分布如下： 二、苏德战场
北京外国语大学学校简介 北京外国语大学学校简介 北京外国语大学座落在北京市海淀区西三环北路，总占地面积49.2万平方米，其中本部(东西两院)占地32.4万平方米;学校本部 房屋建筑面积37.35万平方米。 北京外国语大学是教育部直属、国家首批“211工程”建设的全 国重点大学之一，是目前我国高等院校中历史悠久、教授语种最多、办学层次齐全的外国语大学。 学校前身是1941年成立于延安的中国抗日军政大学三分校俄文 大队，后发展为延安外国语学校，建校始隶属于党中央领导。新中 国成立后，学校归外交部领导，1954年更名为北京外国语学院，1959年与北京俄语学院合并组建新的北京外国语学院。1980年后直 属国家教育部领导，1994年正式更名为北京外国语大学。 学校开设56个本科专业，具有文学、法学、经济学、管理学、 工学学士学位授予权。北京外国语大学有1个一级学科博士学位授 予权(涵盖43国语言，11个二级学科);9个二级学科博士学位授权点;15个二级学科硕士学位授权点;6个专业有权接收在职人员以研 究生毕业同等学历申请硕士学位;新增2个专业学位授权点，即翻译(口译和笔译)和汉语国际教育;1个外国语言文学博士后流动站(2007年出站3人，进站8人，在站18人)。4个国家重点学科，即英语语言文学、德语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学、日语语 言文学(培育)。北京市重点学科4个，即俄语语言文学、阿拉伯语 语言文学、日语语言文学、比较文学与跨文化研究。 2007年，在教育部和财政部联合实施的“高等学校本科教学质 量与教学改革工程”中，北外有10个项目入选：国际商学院“跨国 经济管理人才培养试验区”被列为教育部人才培养模式创新实验区; 英语、德语两个一类特色专业点被批准为教育部第二批高等学校特
考博英语历年真题 北大2013年考博士英语真题及答案 Part Two:Structure and Written Expression20 Directions:In each question decide which of four choices given will most suita bly complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked.Mark your choices on the ANSWERSHEET. 21.The nuclear family__________a self-contained,self-satisfying unit compose d of father,mother and children. A.refers to B.defines C.describes D.devotes to 22.Some polls show that roughly two-thirds of the general public believe that e lderly Americans are________by social isolation and loneliness. A.reproach ed B.favored C.plagued D.reprehended 23.In addition to bettering group and individual performance,cooperation_____ ___the quality of interpersonal relationship. A.ascends https://www.doczj.com/doc/6f17643484.html,pels C.enhances D.prefers 24.In the past50years,there________a great increase in the amount of resea rch_____on the human brain. A.was…did B.has been…to be done C.was…doing D.has been…done 25. “I must have eaten something wrong.I feel like_____.”“We told you not t o eat at a restaurant.You’ d better_______at hom e when you are not in the shape.” A.to throw up… to eat B.throwing up…eating C.to throw up…eat D.throwing up…eat 26.Parent shave to show due concerns to their children’ s creativity and emotional output;otherwise what they think beneficial to t he kids might probably_______their enthusiasm and aspirations. A.hold back B.hold to C.hold down D.hold over 27.According to psychoanalysis,a person’ s attention is attracted________by the intensity of different signals____ ____by their context,significance,and information content. A.not less than…as B.as…just as C.so much…as D.not so much… as28.They moved to Portland in1998and lived in a big house,_______to the south. A.the windows of which opened B.the windows of it opened C. its windows opened D.the windows of which opening 29.The lady who has_______for a night in the dead of the winter later turned o ut to be a distant relation of his. A.put him up B.put him out C.put him on D.put him in30.By standers, _______,_________as they walked past lines of ambulances. A.bloody and cov ered with dust,looking dazed B.bloodied and covered with dust,looked daze
第3章美国浪漫主义欧文库柏 3.1 复习笔记 I. Overview of American Romanticism（美国浪漫主义简介） In the history of American literature, the Romantic period is one of the most important periods. It stretched from the end of the eighteenth century through the outbreak of the civil war. 美国文学中的浪漫主义时期开始于18世纪末，到南北战争爆发为止，是美国文学史上的重要阶段。 1. Background（背景） (1) A nation bursting into new life cried for literary expression. The buoyant mood of the nation and the spirit of the times seemed in some measure responsible for the spectacular outburst of romantic feeling. The literary milieu proved fertile and conductive to the imagination. Magazine appeared in ever-increasing numbers. They played an important role in facilitating literary expansion. (2) Foreign influences added incentive to the growth of romanticism. The Romantic Movement, which had flourished earlier in the century both in England
To Ask or Not to Ask, That Is the Question! 1“Those who can, do. Those who can’t, teach.” This joke is frequently directed against members of the teaching profession. It’s not a very kind comment–but jokes are seldom friendly! It’s probably not intended (usually) to be interpreted literally, however; the speaker is, very likely, making a rather tongue-in-cheek1 comment about the profession, in much the same way that cutting comments are often made about bank managers, lawyers, car salesmen and the like! 2At least, such unkind comments are fairly commonplace in many countries of the English-speaking world; we teachers are fair game2 in the eyes of the general public. We’re fair game too, very often, in the eyes of our students when we teach in schools, colleges or universities in The United Kingdom, The United States, and other countries where English is the first language of the majority of the population. Students and school children frequently behave very disrespectfully towards their teachers in secondary schools; sometimes this disrespect escalates into verbal abuse or even, in extreme cases, physical violence. Some parents even behave in the same way, and support the non-cooperative, sometimes even offensive, behaviour of their offspring towards teachers. 3This type of disrespectful behaviour towards teachers–and, indeed, towards other members of society such as police officers, shopkeepers and the elderly–is a relatively recent phenomenon. Certainly, respect for “figures of authority”as well as for fellow citizens, used to be the norm rather than the exception just a few years ago in my own country, but in recent years it seems that selfish behaviour and arrogant disregard for the rights and the well-being of others is of little or no concern to a sizable number of people who live in the English-speaking world. Fortunately it’s not a case of disrespect and disregard being now the norm, but it does appear nowadays to be less of an exception. 4What about in countries such as this one, where English is not the first language? Have patterns of behaviour changed over the past few years in these countries? Have traditional values been adapted to meet the conditions and challenges of the late twentieth and the just-beginning twenty-first centuries? Have some of these traditional values been eroded3, even? Are they perhaps seen now as irrelevant? 5Here in China, for example, to the outside observer it probably appears that the fundamentals of Chinese behaviour have not changed significantly over the past two or three decades, despite the changes that are clearly visible in the outward appearance of towns and cities in China as a result of massive building and infrastructure projects. Certainly the outside observer who is not Chinese would not be able to detect subtleties of change in, for example, traditional courtesies and forms of respect exhibited between people in their day-to-day exchanges: few foreigners would understand the full significance of such courtesies in the first place, so subtle changes would not even be noticed, let alone understood. But Chinese people themselves would, presumably, be acutely aware of any such changes. Certainly the older generation–the grandfathers and grandmothers–would both notice and understand if the underlying and essential nature and character of today’s youngsters were radically changed. 1tongue-in-cheek: intended to be humorous and not meant seriously 2 fair game: if someone or something is fair game, it is acceptable, reasonable, or right to criticize them 3 erode: to gradually reduce the strength or importance of something, or to be gradually reduced in this way
北京外国语大学2018年校内推免资格名单公示 序号本科院系本科专业姓名 1英语学院英语祝麦伦2英语学院英语武晓钰3英语学院英语王思琳4英语学院英语丁敏学5英语学院英语许霖川6英语学院英语田逸功7英语学院英语毛翩翩8英语学院英语王嘉 9英语学院英语毛嘉敏10英语学院英语马生晴11英语学院翻译吴昊12英语学院翻译李智镕13英语学院翻译王静怡14英语学院翻译伊人15英语学院翻译宗琬晶16俄语学院俄语语言文学唐国恩17俄语学院俄语语言文学侯若芸18俄语学院俄语语言文学林琳19俄语学院俄语语言文学邱烨20俄语学院俄语语言文学李玲慧21俄语学院俄语语言文学张凯琪22法语系法语语言文学罗婉匀23法语系法语语言文学孙家悦24法语系法语语言文学何润哲25法语系法语语言文学王诗凡26法语系法语语言文学李阳竹27法语系法语语言文学沈逸舟28德语系德语语言文学罗舒云29德语系德语语言文学陈若茵30德语系德语语言文学关宇彤31德语系德语语言文学叶继琳32德语系德语语言文学韩昕彤33德语系德语语言文学商健华34德语系德语语言文学朱佳音
35德语系德语语言文学曹子悦36德语系德语语言文学葛袆37德语系德语语言文学刘若晖38日语系日语寿香那39日语系日语徐晓晴40日语系日语马琳41日语系日语米淳华42日语系日语陈鑫43日语系日语陈思汗44日语系日语潘雨榕45西葡语系西班牙语张珊46西葡语系西班牙语张悦47西葡语系西班牙语李又琳48西葡语系西班牙语李云清49西葡语系西班牙语耿晓坤50西葡语系葡萄牙语黄琳51阿拉伯学院阿拉伯语言文学闫若素52阿拉伯学院阿拉伯语言文学方一丹53阿拉伯学院阿拉伯语言文学孙博宇54阿拉伯学院阿拉伯语言文学王文君55欧语学院波兰语赵祯56欧语学院芬兰语崔可57欧语学院意大利语王金霄58欧语学院意大利语刘动59欧语学院罗马尼亚语徐台杰60欧语学院保加利亚语杨萌琳61欧语学院波兰语梁媛媛文章来源：文彦考研
Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions:There are 4 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: When Kathie Gifford ’s face was splashed across the newspapers in 1996 after her lucrative line of Wal mart clothing was exposed as the work of underpaid laborers in New York City ’s Chinatown, the Department of Labor and the White House teamed up to condemn such practices. With much fanfare, President Clinton’s administration launched the “No Sweat” campaign, which pressured retailers and manufacturers to submit to periodic independent inspection of their workplace conditions.; This campaign urged manufacturers to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct, a promise to self regulate that has since been adopted by a handful of retailers and many of the nation ’s largest manufacturers, including Nike and L.L. Bean. However, the Department of Defense, which has a $ 1 billion garment business that would make it the country’s 14th largest retail apparel outlet, has not signed the Code of Conduct. In addition, it has not agreed to demand that its contractors submit to periodic inspections.; Because the Department of Defense has not agreed to adhere to the code, the job of stopping public sector sweatshops falls to the Department of Labor. Federal contractors that persist in violating wage laws or safety and health codes can lose their lucrative taxpayer financed contracts. But Suzanne Seiden, a deputy administrator at the Department of Labor, says that to her knowledge, the department has never applied that rule to government apparel manufacturers. “I just assume that they are adhering to safety and health requirements,” she says. According to records obtained by Mother Jones, through a Freedom of Information Act request, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has cited Lion 32 times for safety and health violations in the past 12 years. 21.What is this passgage mainly concerned with? A)The functions of the Department of Labor in America. B)A serious problem threatening American economy. C)The successful attempt of regulating sweatshops in America. D)The seriousness of the problem of sweatshops in America. 22.According to the passage, Kathie Gifford ____. A) was one of the underpaid laborers in New York City’s Chinatown B) was one of the well paid laborers in New York City ’s Chinatown C) made much money from cheap laborers in New York City’s Chinatown D) wrote a newspaper article exposing the practice of employing cheap laborers 23.The underlined p hrase “to submit to” is closest in meaning to ____. A) to accept unwillingly B) to refuse coldly C) to welcome warm heartedly D) to blame strongly 24.Which of the following statements about the Department of Defense is true? A) It will become the count ry’s 14th largest retail apparel manufacturer. B) It hasn’t acted according to the Workplace Code of Conduct. C) It has demanded its contractors to sign the Workplace Code of Conduct. D) It has teamed up with the Department of Labor to launch a campaign. 25.What was the purpose of President Clinton’s administration launching the “No Sweat” campaign? A) To urge manufacturers to obey the Workplace Code of Conduct. B) To remind the manufacturers of the Workplace Code of Conduct. C) To urge the Department of Labor to take its responsibility. D) To urge the Department of Defense to inspect manufacturers. Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage: The term investment portfolio conjures up visions of the truly rich-the Rockefellers, the Wal Mart Waltons, Bill Gates. But today, everyone-from the Philadelphia firefighter, his part time receptionist wife and their three children, to the single Los Angeles lawyer starting out on his own-needs a portfolio.; A portfolio is simply a collection of financial assets. It may include real estate, rare stamps and coins, precious metals and even artworks. But those are for people with expertise. What most of us need to know about are stocks, bonds and cash (including such cash equivalents as money market funds).; How do you decide what part of your portfolio should go to each of the big three? Begin by understanding that stocks pay higher returns but are more risky; bonds and cash pay lower returns but are less risky.; Research by Ibbotson Associates, for example, shows that large company stocks, on average, have returned 11.2 percent annually since 1926. Over the same period, by comparison, bonds have returned an annual average of 5.3 percent and cash, 3.8 percent.; But short term risk is another matter. In 1974, a one year $1000 investment in the stock market would have declined to $735.; With bonds, there are two kinds of risk: that the borrower won’t pay you back and that the money you’ll get won’t be worth very much. The U.S. government stands behi nd treasury bonds, so the credit risk is almost nil. But the inflation risk remains. Say you buy a $1000 bond maturing in ten years. If inflation averages about seven percent over that time, then the $1000 you receive at maturity can only buy $500 worth of today’s goods.; With cash, the inflation risk is lower, since over a long period you can keep rolling over your CDs every year (or more often). If inflation rises, interest rates rise to compensate.; As a result, the single most imortant rule in building a portfolio is this: If you don’t need
第19章美国戏剧 19.1 复习笔记 I. Overview of American drama（美国戏剧概述） American drama began in 1916 when the Provincetown Players produced Eugene O’Neil’s first play, Bound East for Cardiff. It is true that there were no great masters in the theater comparable in stature to such major figures in fiction as Melville or James, but there had been people who did spadework for the rise of American drama in the 1920s. There was a renaissance of drama in the 1920s. American drama began the process of developing itself into a department of American literature equal in significance to both poetry and the novel. The theater of the Depression was not depressing. Like other branches of literature the drama was preoccupied with social concern. The staging of Tennessee Williams’The Glass Menagerie on Broadway in 1945 was an even of unusual significance, as it marked American drama’s coming of age. The late fifties saw a temporary decline in dramatic productions, but in the next decade, American drama picked up a good deal of fresh energy. With the passage of time there has appeared the increasingly more obvious tendency to “decentralize”from Broadway with more and more plays stages Off-Broadway and Off-Off-Broadway. And from the end of the sixties.
吴丽君，女，1962年5月生，吉林省长春市人，教授。毕业于北京大学中文系汉语专业，研究生学历。现任北京外国语大学国际交流学院副院长、对外汉语系主任、汉语培训中心主任。研究方向为对外汉语教学理论及应用。 1992年4月至1993年4月学校派往日本进修日语。1999年4月至2000年4月学校派往日本大东文化大学从事汉语教学工作。1996年、2000年两度获得北外基础阶段外语教学优秀奖--陈梅洁奖。1998年获得国家汉办首届全国对外汉语教学优秀教学三等奖。主持并完成了国家汉办1998-2000年科研项目《日本留学生汉语学习偏误现象调查分析》。 主要学术成果： 专著《日本学生汉语习得偏误研究》（中国社会科学出版社出版2002年），对外汉语教材《新编汉语报刊阅读教材》初级本、中级本（北京大学出版社出版2001年）。对外汉语工具书《汉语水平考试备考词汇手册》（约50万字，即将由北京语言大学出版社出版）。此外，在国内外学术期刊上发表有关对外汉语教学方面的学术论文20余篇。 wulijun@https://www.doczj.com/doc/6f17643484.html, 张晓慧，女，1960年生于北京市，现任国际交流学院院长、副教授、世界汉语教学学会理事、中国对外汉语教学学会理事。 1984年毕业于北京师范大学中文系。之后一直在北京外国语大学从事对外汉语教学工作。其间曾师从我国著名语言学家、语言教育学家张志公先生，攻读应用语言学研究生课程。在近20年的教学实践中，教授过各种语言技能类课程，1993~1994年曾赴韩国任客座教授，其间指导了《中国语会话》、《中级中国语》等8部教材的修编和再编工作。在科研方面，先后发表了“对外汉语教学的复述训练”、“高年级留学生语言学习特点探析”、“析可能补语和部分助动词之间的替换关系”等多篇论文。曾担任中国—欧盟青年经理培训项目的主要负责人，在从事教学和管理的同时，主持编写了集听说读写为一体的综合商务汉语教材《经贸汉语》，撰写了“试论商务汉语教学的定性、定位、定量问题”等论文，主持召开了两届商务汉语教学专题研讨会。目前，正在主持国家汉办科研项目—《商务汉语教学研究》。 zhangxiaohui@https://www.doczj.com/doc/6f17643484.html,