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2015年贵州中考英语试题分析及2016年中考复习备战策略

2015年贵州中考英语试题分析及2016年中考复习备战策略
2015年贵州中考英语试题分析及2016年中考复习备战策略

2015年贵州省中考英语试题分析

及2016年中考复习备战策略

一、2015年贵州省中考英语概述

2015年贵州省中考英语依然采取各地自主命题的方式,九个地州(市)共有九套试卷。各套试卷严格依据《义务教育英语课程标准》,注重考查基础知识,深挖教材内容,杜绝了偏、难、怪、旧题的出现。结合全省英语教学实际,从各地基础教育的发展水平出发,注重面向全省考生,科学规范,符合新课程理念,整套试题难易适中,较好地体现了中考的信度与效度。从内容来看,每套试题都能够准确地把握试题的科学性与开放性,并与时代脉搏紧密相连,贴近生活实际,关注社会热点。试题把基础知识与综合运用技能巧妙地融入试卷中,考查了学生准确运用英语知识的能力,以及在语境中运用语言知识和语感进行判断、分析、推理、表达完整语言等信息的能力,既符合初中学业考试的特点,又能够体现初中毕业学业考试在水平的基础上兼顾选拔的功能。

二、2015年贵州省中考英语试题分析

(一)试卷结构

2015年贵州各地州(市)试卷结构与前一年基本保持一致,试题包含了听力理解(黔西南和黔南州不设置此题型)、单项选择、情景交际、完形填空、阅读理解、词汇运用、任务型阅读(黔西南和黔南州不设置此题型)和书面表达等常见题型。此外,六盘水卷还设有看图写话题,遵义卷、毕节卷和铜仁卷还设有改错题,六盘水设有完成句子题,安顺卷和黔西南卷还设有句型转换题。各地州(市)试卷的结构及分值详见下表:

(二)试题分析

1.听力部分

贵阳、遵义、毕节、黔东南、六盘水和铜仁6个地州(市)均设置有30分的听力试题。安顺设置有15分的听力试题。听力材料充分利用了教材中的资源,贵州中考英语听力主要有以下几个题型:

(1)听句子或对话选图片。所给图片信息涉及:生活物品、日常活动、日期、人物动作、食物、图示标志、交通工具、动物、职业、天气、爱好、人物表情、外貌特征、比例、图形及建筑标志等,大都是学生们熟悉的话题。在听力录音中每小题都有关键词,便于学生捕捉有效的信息。

(2)听句子选答语。听力材料的句子简单,所涉及的话题有:日常活动、问候、时间日期、地点、打电话、感谢、咨询建议、人物喜好、就餐、职业、频率及表达观点意愿等。主要考查学生运用日常交际用语的能力。

(3)听短对话选择正确答案。主要的话题涉及:日常活动、时间、地点、人物喜好、职业、计划、交通方式、就餐、购物、邀约、请求、订购及节日等。相对前两种题型,难度稍大。个别试题需要在学生获取有效信息后进行简单的计算或推理判断,对学生的逻辑能力进行了考查。

(4)听长对话或短文选择正确答案。考查学生是否可以从整体把握文章大意,并抓住what,who,when,where,why和how等关键信息来作答。所设问题基本围绕5个W和1个H来提问。

(5)听长对话或短文填写单词/表格。主要的话题涉及:问路、打电话、看病、购物、提供帮助、谈论假期活动及打电话邀约等。所填词一般是从句子里抽出的关键词,多为名词、动词、形容词、数词等实词。这就要求考生平时注意词汇的积累,特别是一些基本词汇的书写。

(6)听短文判断正误。2015年安顺中考涉及此题型。话题主要谈论跑步明星的健康饮食及她是好学生、好女儿。要求考生抓住关键信息,作出准确判断。

容量大、题设灵活、考点明确,内容涵盖了基础语法要点和词汇知识,包括短语辨析、句子类型及情景交际等多方面的知识。另外,六盘水卷、黔西南卷、黔南卷和黔东南卷还设有五个词语替换题。毕节卷单项选择题分值最少(10分),黔西南卷分值最多(40分)。

2015年贵州各地州(市)中考完形填空题量设置为10-20小题,分值为10-30分,黔南卷分值最高(30分),贵阳卷和黔南卷各设置了两篇完形填空题。话题贴近学生生活,联

系社会热点与时事新闻,有较强的趣味性。考查知识点较多,语境设置具有较强的吸引性,题设灵活合理。旨在考查考生运用基础知识灵活解决问题的综合能力和逻辑推理能力及判断能力,包括名词、动词(短语)、介词(短语)、形容词和副词、连词、句式、固定搭配等高频考点。

4.情景交际

话,如:贵阳卷、遵义卷、六盘水卷、安顺卷、铜仁卷、黔西南卷、黔南卷和黔东南卷。贵阳卷、铜仁卷和黔南卷还设有七(六/五)选五搭配型(选择答语)。

5.阅读理解

2015年贵州各地州(市)中考阅读理解体裁以记叙文和说明文为主;话题涉及日常生活、校园生活、幽默故事、人物介绍、风俗文化、科普知识以及时事热点;考查方式以细节理解题为主,判断推理题、主旨大意题和词义推测题也较前一年有所加强。

各地州(市)中考阅读理解都是三篇(黔南州为四篇),多为四选一型,其中贵阳的C篇为还原型,毕节卷和铜仁卷的C篇为判断型。

6.词语运用

号中所给单词的正确形式填空(单句)题型居多,除六盘水卷和黔东南卷,其他七个地州(市)均有此题型。黔东南卷为用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空(短文),贵阳卷、遵义卷、安顺卷、黔西南卷和黔南卷为方框选词型,毕节卷和六盘水卷为根据首字母提示完成句子型。主要以高频考点的名词、代词、形容词、动词、副词等为考查载体,检测各种词性之间的转换,考查考生在具体语境中灵活运用词汇的能力;毕节卷、六盘水卷、铜仁卷和黔西南卷设有根据汉语提示完成句子题型,目的是考查考生的记忆和拼写能力以及在句中正确使用英语词汇及短语的能力。

7.

任务型阅读

2015年贵州各地州(市)中考除黔西南卷和黔南卷外,其他七套试卷都设置了任务型阅读,贵阳卷有两篇任务型阅读,一篇是填写表格型的说明文,另一篇是补全句子型的人物传记;六盘水卷和黔东南卷为回答问题型,安顺卷、遵义卷和毕节卷为综合型,铜仁卷为完成句子型。从体裁看以记叙文或说明文为主。预计2016年中考会继续加大对任务型阅读的考查力度。

8.书面表达

2015年贵州各地州(市)中考书面表达均为话题作文,其中贵阳卷、毕节卷和六盘水卷有两篇书面表达,其他州(市)只有一篇书面表达。话题多贴近学生的生活实际,(如贵阳卷、六盘水卷关于读书和黔东南卷我最敬爱的人),选取考生熟悉的话题,与学生的学习生活密切相关,因此考生会有充足的写作素材,能够引起考生的兴趣,激发其写作激情。

三、2016年中考复习备战策略

1.宏观把控

认真研究《义务教育英语课程标准》,从各地州(市)基础教育的水平出发,遵循贵州省初中生学业考试标准与说明,关注中考动态,随时了解中考命题的最新变化,掌握最新的命题精神,做到心中有数,全盘筹划。

2.基础知识梳理

做好第一阶段(教材知识梳理)的复习,搞好基础知识的梳理,让学生熟练掌握初中阶段必备的1500个词汇及重要的短语和句型,结合近三年贵州中考试题,对于涉及到的高频考点进行罗列、统计,以便于考生全面扎实地掌握教材基本知识,为第二轮的专项复习打好坚实的基础。

3.专题分类突破

做好语法专项复习,重点从听力、单项选择、完形填空、阅读理解、情景交际、词语运用和书面表达方面培养考生的解题技巧,提高考生的专项解题能力。

4.综合提升演练

专项复习之后,结合近三年贵州中考真题,考生要做适量的冲刺模拟题,进行模拟实战的运用、整理、总结,从题型方面给出整体试题的解题方法与技巧,以达到在考场中应对自如的效果。

5.回扣课本

考前最后一阶段,考生应回归教材本身,全面构架初中英语知识框架,并熟记于心。

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