2014年大学英语四级考试听力笔记讲义提供给个各位考生备考

2014年大学英语四级考试听力笔记讲
义3
查看汇总：
东差异：
1、西方人不谦虚。

一般都self-confidence。

2、西方人崇尚个人奋斗。

借钱肯定不借;借笔记一般也不成;对钱看的很重，很敏感。

3、西方人表达直接。

注：1. transfer 转机，换车
2. board 登上(交通工具)
机场场景：1、票已售完。

2、接人晚点。

3、送人伤感。

机场线索词：
airplane 飞机;flight 航班;take off 起飞;land 降落;circle 盘
旋;wing 机翼，侧面建筑(常用)，鸡翅;terminal 候机大厅，终端(常用)，终点站
交通话题：
1、交通堵塞：traffic jam, back up, heavy
2、交通违章：要罚款
3、交通晚点：behind schedule
注：gas 汽油
打电话场景：
1、约人约不到：make an appointment 主要指约医生
2、约会去不了：come up, reschedule, fit sb. in
3、电话打不通，打错了：run out of coin, cut off(被中断;hang up 主动挂断)。

[00:02.46]College English Test (Band 4)[00:07.15]Part ⅡListening Comprehension[00:12.74]Section A[00:14.95]Directions: In this section,[00:18.70]you will hear 8 short conversations[00:21.36]and 2 long conversations.[00:24.36]At the end of each conversation,[00:26.45]one or more questions will be asked[00:29.40]about what was said.[00:31.54]Both the conversation and the questions [00:33.79]will be spoken only once.[00:36.63]After each question[00:38.07]there will be a pause.[00:39.90]During the pause,[00:41.26]you must read the four choices[00:43.44]marked A), B), C) and D),[00:47.06]and decide which is the best answer.[00:50.49]Then mark the corresponding letter[00:52.76]on Answer Sheet 1[00:54.15]with a single line through the centre. [00:57.20]Now let’s begin with[00:59.32]the eight short conversations.[01:03.62]1. M: Take a look at this catalogue.[01:08.13]Maybe we can find some gifts[01:10.54]for Jane’s new house.[01:12.90]W: OK. But remember,[01:14.97]we can’t afford a lot.[01:18.18]Q: What does the woman mean?[01:34.89]2. W: I'm getting absolutely nowhere [01:38.44]with these statistics.[01:40.63]M: How about my[01:41.63]going through them with you?[01:44.34]Q: What does the man mean?[02:00.35]3. M: We're ready to start the recording, [02:05.49]aren’t we?[02:06.72]Let’s begin on Page 55.[02:10.57]W: Sorry.[02:11.91]I'm afraid I can’t begin right now.[02:14.04]I forgot to bring my scripts.[02:16.61]Q: What do we learn from the conversation? [02:34.68]4. W: Remember. Carl’s wedding is on June 26. [02:39.83]M: Oh, thanks for reminding me.[02:43.01]I thought it wasn’t to be[02:44.59]until sometime in July.[02:47.78]Q: What are the speakers talking about?[03:04.22]5. M：Please excuse me for[03:08.86]not attending the meeting yesterday.[03:11.41]I'm afraid[03:12.20]I forgot to check my schedule.[03:15.00]W: That’s all right.[03:16.80]We had to hold the weekly meeting as scheduled. [03:19.86]And everything went well.[03:22.54]Q: What do we learn from the conversation? [03:40.48]6. W: I’ve just put our lunch in the oven[03:44.08]and it won’t be ready[03:45.01]for at least half an hour.[03:47.17]M: Mmm, it smells marvelous,[03:50.74]but what can I have right now?[03:54.35]Q: What do we learn from the conversation? [04:11.93]7. M: I got some bad news today.[04:15.83]The store where I work[04:17.75]is laying off staff.[04:20.40]W: Are they going to let you go?[04:23.47]Q: What does the woman want to know? [04:40.67]8. W: John, you swim like a fish.[04:44.36]I wish I knew how to swim.[04:46.94]M: Why not sign up for the lessons[04:49.09]offered by the physical education department? [04:53.30]Q: What does the man mean?[05:10.77]Now you will hear the two long conversations. [05:15.65]Conversation One[05:18.43]W: Hi, Eric. How was your weekend?[05:21.14]M: Great! I met Maria’s parents.[05:24.10]And we told them we want to be engaged. [05:28.13]W: Eric, that’s wonderful. Congratulations! [05:32.31]M: Thanks, Alice.[05:34.00]I really like her parents too.[05:36.12]They're very nice.[05:37.82]Mrs. Carmona speaks four languages,[05:40.34]and Mr. Carmona is a diplomat.[05:42.56]In fact, he gave a speech[05:44.97]at the law school on Saturday morning.[05:47.72]W: Oh, that was Maria’s father?[05:50.69]I heard his speech.[05:52.09]M: You did?[05:53.55]W: Well, I heard part of it.[05:56.34]I listened to it for ten minutes[05:58.61]and then I fell asleep.[06:00.57]I thought I was in class.[06:02.52]Anyway, tell me about your weekend.[06:05.30]M: Saturday evening we saw a play.[06:08.13]And Sunday afternoon,[06:09.73]we watched a soccer game.[06:12.05]Then Sunday night[06:13.53]we all went out for dinner,[06:15.47]Maria, her parents and me.[06:17.91]That was the first chance[06:19.68]we had to talk.[06:21.59]W: Were you nervous?[06:24.10]M: At first I was.[06:26.10]We didn’t say much.[06:28.36]Mr. Carmona told us some good stories[06:30.84]about his experiences as a diplomat.[06:34.00]And he asked me about my hobbies.[06:36.97]W: And what did you say?[06:39.28]M: Well, I didn’t tell him about[06:41.49]my flying lessons.[06:43.40]I told him about[06:44.26]my chess playing and my classical music collection. [06:48.45]W: Good idea.[06:50.32]Her parents really approve of you,[06:52.19]don’t they?[06:53.35]M: I guess so.[06:55.28]Maria called this morning[06:56.74]and said: “My father told me[06:58.98]he’d like you for a son-in-law right now.”[07:01.82]W: That’s great.[07:03.77]M: Not exactly.[07:05.72]I want to get married[07:06.68]after graduate school[07:07.82]in about three years.[07:10.93]Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation [07:13.62]you have just heard.[07:15.80]9. What does Eric say about Maria’s father? [07:34.68]10. What did Eric and Maria do[07:38.16]last Sunday afternoon?[07:54.67]11. What do we learn from[07:57.57]Maria’s phone call this morning?[08:15.61]Conversation Two[08:17.52]M: You're going to[08:18.64]wear out the computer’s keyboard.[08:21.81]W: Oh. Hi.[08:23.98]M: Do you have any idea[08:25.13]what time it is?[08:27.35]W: About 10:00 or 10:30?[08:30.54]M: It’s nearly midnight.[08:32.97]W: Really? I didn’t know it was so late.[08:36.74]M: Don’t you have an early class[08:38.31]to teach tomorrow morning?[08:40.51]W: Yes, at 7:00.[08:42.79]My commuter class—[08:44.36]the students who go to work[08:45.56]right after their lesson.[08:47.60]M: Then you ought to go to bed.[08:50.32]What are you writing anyway?[08:52.40]W: An article I hope I can sell.[08:54.98]M: Oh, another of your newspaper pieces. [08:59.23]What’s this one about?[09:01.37]W: Do you remember that trip[09:02.78]I took last month?[09:04.51]M: The one up to the Amazon?[09:07.17]W: Well, that’s what I’m writing about.[09:10.41]The new highway and the changes[09:12.16]it’s making in the Amazon valley.[09:14.78]M: It should be interesting.[09:17.06]W: It is. I guess that’s why[09:19.85]I forgot all about the time.[09:22.26]M: How many articles have you sold now? [09:24.97]W: About a dozen so far.[09:28.85]M: What kind of newspapers buy them?[09:32.10]W: The papers that carry a lot of foreign news. [09:35.48]They usually appear in[09:36.69]the big Sunday editions[09:38.25]where they need a lot of background stories [09:40.10]to help fill up the space between the ads. [09:42.95]M: Is there any future in it?[09:46.17]W: I hope so.[09:48.18]There's a chance[09:48.83]I may sell this article to a news service.[09:52.32]M: Then your story would be published[09:53.99]in several papers, wouldn't it?[09:56.46]W: That’s the idea.[09:58.11]And it might even be able to[09:59.83]do other stories on a regular basis.[10:03.12]M: That would be great.[10:06.72]Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation[10:09.47]you have just heard.[10:11.66]12. What is the woman’s occupation?[10:30.40]13. What is the woman writing about?[10:49.10]14. Where did the woman’s articles usually appear? [11:08.48]15. What does the woman expect?[11:27.33]Section B[11:28.64]Directions: In this section,[11:30.77]you will hear 3 short passages.[11:33.07]At the end of each passage,[11:34.86]you will hear some questions.[11:36.82]Both the passage and the questions[11:38.58]will be spoken only once.[11:40.60]After you hear a question,[11:42.41]you must choose the best answer[11:44.04]from the four choices[11:45.57]marked A), B), C) and D).[11:48.83]Then mark the corresponding letter[11:51.35]on Answer Sheet 1[11:52.52]with a single line through the centre.[11:56.77]Passage One[11:58.62]Body language, especially gestures,[12:01.83]varies among cultures.[12:04.18]For example, a nod of the head[12:07.25]means “yes” to most of us.[12:09.69]But in Bulgaria and Greece[12:12.37]a nod means “no”[12:14.24]and a shake of the head means “yes”.[12:17.56]Likewise, a sign for OK,[12:21.16]forming a circle with our forefinger and thumb, [12:24.10]means zero in France and money in Japan. [12:28.81]Waving or pointing to an Arab business person [12:32.56]would be considered rude[12:34.11]because that is how Arabs call their dogs over. [12:37.93]Folded arms signal pride in Finland,[12:41.27]but disrespect in Fiji.[12:44.11]The number of bows[12:45.79]that the Japanese exchange[12:47.54]on greeting each other,[12:48.93]as well as[12:49.95]the length and the depth of the bows,[12:52.37]signals the social status[12:54.75]each party feels towards the other.[12:57.67]Italians might think you’re bored[13:00.20]unless you use a lot of gestures[13:02.16]during discussions.[13:04.13]Many American men[13:06.17]sit with their legs crossed[13:07.72]with one ankle resting over the opposite knee. [13:11.06]However, this would be considered[13:13.50]an insult in Muslim countries,[13:16.11]where one would never[13:17.30]show the sole of the foot to a guest.[13:20.76]Likewise, Americans consider[13:23.83]eye contact very important,[13:26.21]often not trusting someone[13:28.29]who is afraid to look you in the eye.[13:30.89]But in Japan and[13:32.47]many Latin American countries,[13:35.10]keeping the eyes lowered[13:36.93]is a sign of respect.[13:39.00]To look a partner full in the eye[13:41.01]is considered a sign of ill breeding[13:43.59]and is felt to be annoying.[13:47.94]Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage [13:50.53]you have just heard.[13:52.60]16. What gesture do Bulgarians and Greeks use [13:56.61]to express negative responses?[14:14.29]17. What is likely to[14:17.33]offend Arab business people?[14:34.02]18. What is considered[14:36.98]to be impolite in Muslim countries?[14:55.69]Passage Two[14:57.68]Three years ago,[14:59.18]Puncha Maya, her husband and five children [15:02.11]lived in a shaky flat in Southern Nepal. [15:04.87]Every morning,[15:06.12]the parents walked the dirt roads[15:08.17]seeking work in the rice fields.[15:10.41]After the harvest,[15:12.12]the family went begging for food.[15:14.80]Today, the Mayas own[15:16.49]a small paper-bag making company.[15:19.26]With the money they've earned,[15:20.98]the Mayas have purchased a small plot, [15:23.31]on which they grow vegetables[15:25.11]and raise goats for additional income.[15:27.63]In fact, the family has saved $68.[15:31.85]This is remarkable in a country[15:33.99]with an average annual income of $160.[15:38.27]Grace Mbakwa, her husband and eight children [15:42.01]once lived hand-to-mouth in Cameroon.[15:44.71]Today, the Mbakwas run[15:47.12]a clothing manufacturing business[15:49.02]and own a home.[15:50.84]They are able to[15:51.84]send their children to school,[15:53.57]at a costly annual sum of $2 800.[15:58.40]The idea of starting her own business[16:01.50]seemed impossible to Pilar Moya,[16:03.97]a poor woman from[16:05.26]Atahualpa high in Ecuador's Andes Mountains. [16:09.12]Today, however,[16:10.31]she is one of the proud owners[16:12.14]of a bakery specializing in sweet cakes.[16:15.46]These businesses are[16:17.04]part of economic revolution[16:18.68]sweeping the developing world.[16:21.26]The sponsor is the Trickle Up Program—[16:23.97]a non-profit organization founded by[16:26.64]New Yorkers Glen and Mildred Leet.[16:29.51]This organization offers people[16:31.52]like the Mayas, the Mbakwas and Moyas[16:34.98]modest $100 grants.[16:37.32]Since 1979, the program has[16:40.38]helped over 130,000 of[16:42.80]the world’s neediest people[16:44.18]in 90 countries[16:45.77]win small life-saving victories over poverty. [16:49.02]And it has turned conventional thinking[16:51.26]about foreign aid on its head.[16:54.94]Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage [16:58.74]you have just heard.[17:01.61]19. What do we learn about Puncha Maya’s family [17:06.50]of three years ago?[17:22.96]20. What are the Mbakwas[17:26.26]able to do now?[17:43.30]21. What does the speaker[17:46.41]mainly talk about?[18:04.36]Passage Three[18:06.56]Take care of your teeth[18:09.15]and your teeth will take care of you.[18:12.05]Your teeth are a living part of your body.[18:15.48]They have nerves and blood vessels.[18:18.74]Diseased teeth can cause[18:20.54]pain, die and fall out.[18:23.49]Plaque is the main enemy of healthy teeth. [18:27.51]Everyone has plaque.[18:29.83]It is a sticky colorless film[18:31.95]that coats the teeth.[18:34.33]Plaque is always forming on the teeth, [18:36.84]especially at the gum line.[18:39.10]If plaque is not removed,[18:41.46]it builds up and gets under the gum line. [18:44.83]Plaque that is left on the teeth[18:47.17]for some time hardens;[18:49.34]the result is tooth decay and gum disease. [18:53.60]The bacteria in plaque live on sugar.[18:57.32]They change sugar into acids,[19:00.40]which break down the tooth's[19:01.76]harder outer covering.[19:03.80]If left untreated,[19:05.86]decay goes deeper and deeper[19:07.99] into the tooth.[19:09.77]After a while,[19:11.06]the decay reaches the nerves and blood vessels [19:13.72]of the inner tooth.[19:15.45]By the time this happens,[19:17.21]the tooth has probably[19:18.32]started to ache.[19:20.15]In addition to tooth decay,[19:22.41]there are also gum diseases[19:24.51]to watch out for.[19:26.51]The bacteria in plaque[19:28.28]make poisons that attack the gums.[19:31.10]Small pockets form around the teeth.[19:34.12]The pockets trap[19:35.52]more bacteria and food particles.[19:38.45]Finally, the bone supporting the teeth[19:41.46]is attacked and starts to shrink.[19:44.25]Teeth become loose and may fall out.[19:47.25]Adults lose most teeth this way.[19:50.88]Keep your mouth healthy.[19:53.15]When you brush your teeth,[19:54.87]do a good job.[19:57.86]Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage [20:00.74]you have just heard.[20:02.77]22. What does the speaker say about our teeth? [20:22.45]23. What does the speaker say about plaque? [20:41.54]24. Why is sugar harmful to teeth?[21:00.56]25. What causes adults to[21:03.66]lose most of their teeth[21:05.05]according to the speaker?[21:21.95]Section C[21:23.33]Directions: In this section,[21:25.53]you will hear a passage three times.[21:27.88]When the passage is read[21:29.22]for the first time,[21:30.48]you should listen carefully[21:31.77]for its general idea.[21:33.71]When the passage is read[21:35.47]for the second time,[21:36.87]you are required to[21:38.05]fill in the blanks with the exact words[21:40.25]you have just heard.[21:41.72]Finally, when the passage is read[21:43.98]for the third time,[21:45.25]you should check what you have written. [21:47.25]Now listen to the passage.[21:51.97]Stunt people are not movie stars,[21:54.34]but they are the hidden heroes[21:56.23]of many movies.[21:57.99]They were around long before films.[22:01.28]Even Shakespeare may[22:02.82]have used them in fight scenes.[22:04.87]To be good,[22:06.39]a fight scene has to look real.[22:09.01]Punches must land on enemies’ jaws.[22:12.34]Sword fights must be fought[22:14.40]with sharp swords.[22:16.41]Several actors are usually[22:18.46]in a fight scene.[22:20.35]Their moves must be set up[22:22.32]so that no one gets hurt.[22:24.50]It is almost like planning[22:26.46]a dance performance.[22:28.51]If a movie scene is dangerous,[22:30.75]stunt people usually fill in for the stars.[22:34.63]You may think[22:35.60]you see Tom Cruise[22:36.90]running along the top of a train,[22:39.23]but it is probably his stunt double. [22:42.48]Stunt people must resemble[22:44.72]the stars they stand in for.[22:47.05]Their height and build[22:48.79]should be about the same.[22:51.17]But when close-ups are needed,[22:53.29]the film focuses on the star.[22:55.98]Some stunt people[22:57.52]specialize in certain kinds of scenes. [23:00.69]For instance,[23:02.11]a stunt woman named Jane Davis[23:04.49]does all kinds of jumps.[23:07.02]She has leapt from planes[23:08.82]and even off the top of waterfall.[23:12.20]Each jump required[23:13.94]careful planning and expert timing. [23:17.52]Yakima Canutt was a famous[23:19.63]cowboy stunt man.[23:21.27]Among other stunts,[23:22.84]he could jump from a second story window [23:25.66]onto a hors e’s back.[23:27.60]He invented the famous trick[23:29.85]of sliding under a moving stagecoach. [23:32.99]Canutt also figured out a new way [23:35.63]to make a punch look real.[23:37.92]He was the only stunt man ever[23:40.46]to get an Oscar.[23:43.92]Now the passage will be read again. [23:46.62]Stunt people are not movie stars,[23:48.91]but they are the hidden heroes[23:50.46]of many movies.[23:52.31]They were around long before films. [23:55.70]Even Shakespeare may[23:56.65]have used them in fight scenes.[23:58.60]To be good,[23:59.65]a fight scene has to look real.[24:02.11]Punches must land on enemies’ jaws. [24:05.31]Sword fights must be fought[24:07.12]with sharp swords.[24:09.13]Several actors are usually[24:10.54]in a fight scene.[24:12.06]Their moves must be set up[24:13.69]so that no one gets hurt.[24:15.61]It is almost like planning[24:17.09]a dance performance.[24:19.00]If a movie scene is dangerous,[24:21.37]stunt people usually fill in for the stars. [24:24.74]You may think[24:25.62]you see Tom Cruise[24:26.92]running along the top of a train,[24:29.31]but it is probably his stunt double.[24:31.88]Stunt people must resemble[24:33.49]the stars they stand in for.[24:35.73]Their height and build[24:36.89]should be about the same.[24:38.65]But when close-ups are needed,[24:40.54]the film focuses on the star.[24:42.98]Some stunt people[24:43.92]specialize in certain kinds of scenes.[24:46.58]For instance,[24:47.93]a stunt woman named Jane Davis[24:50.19]does all kinds of jumps.[24:52.03]She has leapt from planes[24:53.60]and even off the top of waterfall.[24:56.05]Each jump required[24:57.84]careful planning and expert timing.[25:00.44]Yakima Canutt was a famous[25:02.96]cowboy stunt man.[25:04.51]Among other stunts,[25:06.24]he could jump from a second story window [25:08.56]onto a horse’s back.[25:10.66]He invented the famous trick[25:12.26]of sliding under a moving stagecoach.[25:15.30]Canutt also figured out a new way[25:17.70]to make a punch look real.[25:19.73]He was the only stunt man ever[25:21.75]to get an Oscar.[25:25.42]Now the passage will be read for the third time. [25:29.45]Stunt people are not movie stars,[25:32.31]but they are the hidden heroes[25:34.07]of many movies.[25:36.14]They were around long before films.[25:39.47]Even Shakespeare may[25:40.96]have used them in fight scenes.[25:42.74]To be good,[25:44.28]a fight scene has to look real.[25:47.02]Punches must land on enemies’ jaws.[25:50.26]Sword fights must be fought[25:52.53]with sharp swords.[25:54.50]Several actors are usually[25:56.39]in a fight scene.[25:58.16]Their moves must be set up[26:00.30]so that no one gets hurt.[26:02.56]It is almost like planning[26:04.34]a dance performance.[26:06.24]If a movie scene is dangerous,[26:08.63]stunt people usually fill in for the stars. [26:12.41]You may think[26:13.50]you see Tom Cruise[26:14.80]running along the top of a train,[26:17.03]but it is probably his stunt double. [26:20.23]Stunt people must resemble[26:22.54]the stars they stand in for.[26:25.10]Their height and build[26:26.63]should be about the same.[26:29.26]But when close-ups are needed,[26:31.22]the film focuses on the star.[26:33.77]Some stunt people[26:35.31]specialize in certain kinds of scenes. [26:38.59]For instance,[26:39.93]a stunt woman named Jane Davis[26:42.39]does all kinds of jumps.[26:44.83]She has leapt from planes[26:46.75]and even off the top of waterfall.[26:50.09]Each jump required[26:51.87]careful planning and expert timing. [26:55.39]Yakima Canutt was a famous[26:57.54]cowboy stunt man.[26:59.19]Among other stunts,[27:00.90]he could jump from a second story window [27:03.39]onto a horse’s back.[27:05.64]He invented the famous trick[27:07.73]of sliding under a moving stagecoach. [27:10.86]Canutt also figured out a new way [27:13.56]to make a punch look real.[27:15.67]He was the only stunt man ever[27:17.56]to get an Oscar.[27:21.74]This is the end of listening comprehension.。

附：相关场景词汇交通场景A、机场场景送别：airway, airport, sad place, keep in touch, see sb. off.询问：flight, fly; direct flight, transfer; arrival, departure, destination;one-way ticket, return ticket, one-week return ticket; first class, business class, economy class, regular class; airline, airway, airport, air lounge, waiting room; book, reserve, reservation, be booked up, get ticket changed, switch; on time, delayed, postponed, put off, behind schedule, cancelled.登机：luggage, baggage, suitcase, briefcase, bag, backpack;check-in, board, boarding pass, air ticket, the Customs.机上：take off, land; fasten, seat belt, safety belt, life belt; blanket, drink, beverage.故障：bad weather, mechanical problems.人：captain, pilot, airhostess, passenger, porter.B、事故场景交通堵塞：be held in traffic, be stuck in traffic, break down;rush hours, traffic jam, peak season;事故后果：consequence, crash, minor injury, slightly injured.C、交通工具工具：car, van, truck, lorry, jeep, bus, coach, limousine;工具的一部分：wheel, tyre(tire), flat tyre(tire), steering wheel, headlight, windscreen, brake.家庭生活A、写信：write home, hear from, receive a letter from, mail, email.B、电话：phone, call, ring, contact, hello, mobile phone, pay phone, hand phone, rate, operator, dial, wrong number, not in, nobody by that name.C、过节节日：Christmas, Thanksgiving;出游：travel, tour, trip, journey, visit, quite an experience.D、送礼：礼物：gift, present;场合: birthday, Christmas;赠送: give, buy…for, get…for, send, present.健康场景A、受伤：twist, strain, injure, hurt, wound;B、外伤部位：shoulder, ankle, knee, wrist;C、内伤部位：stomach, liver, lung, heart;D、检查措施: make an appointment, check, x-ray, operation, treat, cure, diagnose;E、症状描述: tired, sneeze, running nose, have ringing in the ears, feel under the weather, catch a cold, cough;F、建议处方：ward, take two days off, more vegetables, less fried(fast) food, quit(give up) smoking.G、相关人员：doctor, nurse, dentist, surgeon, physician, psychologist;H、医疗相关：radio doctor, car doctor, repairman, mechanic, engineer;I、诊断行为：fix, mend, repair, stop working, go wrong.娱乐场景A、陶冶情操票务：ticket, fare;观赏活动：film, movie, theatre, concert, play, show, TV，art gallery;相关词汇：channel, part, actor, actress, scene, act, oil painting, romance, love story, horror, action, documentary, commentary, science, news, sports, comedy, soap opera, quiz show, sit-com(situation comedy), thriller;参与活动：dance, disco, sing, karaoke.B、户外活动出游：camping, picnicking, boating, skating, swimming, visiting, historical sites, natural beauty, scenery, tourist attraction, sightseeing;球赛：game, match, score, season, superstar.用餐场景：A、预定：a table for four, reserve a table, reservation, book, corner table;B、等待: hungry, starving, order, menu, waiting line, queue;C、用餐：try something Italian, appetite, appetizer, salad, soup, main dish, side dish, dessert;D、食物：steak, French fries, pizza, apple pie, spaghetti, sea food;E、埋单：treat, my turn, on me, go Dutch;学习场景A、选课: course, day course, evening course, optional course, literature, curriculum, extra curriculum;B、作业：report, essay, assignment, presentation, paper, due, credit, rewrite;C、考试：mark, score, exam, fail, pass, go over, review;D、教授：lecture, topic, briefing, mission, take notes, follow;E、学生：freshman, sophomore, junior, senior, graduation, graduate, undergraduate.买卖场景A、买卖租赁：for sale, rent, let, book, reserve, reservation;B、廉价购买：on sale, bargain, Sunday market, flea market, garage sale;C、买书：book, paperback, hardcover, edition, bestseller, copy, volume, magazine, issue, periodic;D、买家具：furniture, furnish;E、其他：straw hat, TV set, model;F、广告：advertise, advertisement, quote rate;工作场景A、找工作申请：apply, application letter, resume, CV, personal statement;寻觅：job-hunting, job opportunity, job vacancy, recruit;面试：interview, interviewer, interviewee;跳槽：job hopping.B、办公室工作：forward email, typing, type writer, typist, typing errors, Xerox copy, arrange appointment(files), confirm arrangement;出差：business trip, on behalf of, vacation;雇佣关系：employment, employee, employment, director, boss, secretary, be with + 单位/领导（be with the local newspaper）.公共生活A、银行：account, loan, interest, interest rate, cash, cheque, deposit, draw, overdraft, exchange;B、填表：surname, last name, family name, first name, given name, sex, gender, address, occupation, marital status, print, sign, signature;C、邮局：deliver, send, mail, parcel, postage, registered mail, express mail, priority mail;D、租房：book, reserve, reservation, let, full up, booked up，single room, double room, three-bedroom house, bedroom, bathroom, waiting room, living room, sitting room, kitchen, dining room, balcony;E、交通标示：sign, one-way street, drunk driving, traffic rules, regulation, observe.天气场景A、天气：sunny, cloudy, overcast, snow, rain, drizzle, shower, downpour, rain cats and dogs, windy, breeze, gust, typhoon, tornado, twister, hurricane, storm, tsunami, cold, warm up, swing, dip, forecast.B、活动：BBQ(barbecue), laundry, camping.其他A、集会活动：appointment, date, meeting, conference, party, assembly, lecture, seminar;B、图书馆：library, librarian, overdue, fine;C、购物场所：department store, supermarket, gas station, convenience store, chain store, grocer’s, grocery.其他closed 关门open 开门office hours / business hours / working hours 工作时间，营业时间power on / off 开/关turn on / off 开/关switch on / off 开/ 关（这个词只能用于与电有关的开关，不能用于水龙头之类的开关the best book 最好的书the best thing 最好的事情the last thing 最不愿意做的事情the last man 最不愿意见的人best seller 畅销sell up 卖完，卖光售罄sell out卖完，卖光售罄/ 出卖朋友或原则sell off 低价处理库存商品selling machine 自动售货机selling point 卖点count the days 渴望count on = dependent / rely oncount in 把……考虑在内count for nothing 一钱不值count for little 无足轻重count for much 举足轻重count down 倒计时count up 相加count up to 共计关于旅行Traveljourney 陆上长途旅行trip 陆上短途旅行outing 远足stroll 散步wander 徘徊picnic 野餐camping 野营tour 周游cruise 水上短途旅行voyage 水上长途旅行关于死亡的说法没有感情色彩的：die / end up / meat one’s death / decease褒义的：pass away贬义的：kick the bucket关于"相处"的好的说法get on with = get along (well) with be in good term withlive in peace with关于强调point outemphasizelay / put emphasis ongive emphasis to达成协议找到出路find a way outreach an agreementreach a consensus关于“得失”gains and lossesgive and take关于拜访drop in / at / over / bystop in / over / bycall on sbcall at / round swlook in / uppay a visit topay / make a call to关于碰见，偶遇come acrossrun intobump intohappen to meet关于花钱、花费的词TakeSpendCostChargePayBuy关于水Waterrunning / tap ~ 自来水fresh ~ 活水still ~ 死水pure ~ 纯净水purified ~ 净化水mineral ~ 矿泉水be used to do 被用于be used to dong 习惯于get used to doing 渐渐习惯于used to do 过去常常单复数意思不太一样的词ruin 毁灭ruins 废墟authority 权威authorities 当局brain 头脑brains 智力，智慧custom 风俗习惯customs 海关damage 破坏，损坏damages 赔偿费ground 地面土地grounds 院子，监狱manner 礼貌方式manners 外貌minute 分钟minutes 会议记录paper 纸张papers 试卷time 时间times 时代关于“调查”Researchsurvey 市场调查opinion poll 名义调查questionnaire 问卷调查investigation 很正式的调查interview 会见，访谈belong to 属于participate in 参加be engaged in 从事、参加be involved in 卷入消磨时间kill timepass timecount one’s thumbs用完、缺少run out ofbe short ofbe lack ina little 一点not a little 很多a bit 一点not a bit 一点也没有。

2014年大学英语四级考试听力笔记讲义提供给个各位考生备考，预祝大家取得好成绩！1、短对话题型分类：Section A考题为六种题型。

无论每个考题的具体内容是什么，考题的题型总在重复。

我们要培养解类型题的能力。

比如在态度方向题中，每个考题的内容肯定不同。

但题型高度一致，解题的方向也必然相同。

如：Would you go to dance with me tonight?第二人的回答只有两种Yes或No。

我们要听的是第二个人的态度方向。

这个题问去跳舞吗?而另外的一个完全不同的考题可能会问去看电影吗?去音乐会吗?去野餐吗?去看比赛吗?这些不同的考题在我们的耳朵里就应该是同一类考题。

我们要听的是：他在问去还是不去?第二人要回答Yes还是No。

而解题点即正确选项一定就在第二人的回答的开头。

听力范围：Campus life考察对象：College students(在什么都没听清的情况下，异性猜classmate，同性猜roommate)一、语音问题：连读小练习1. rush hour 高峰时间，尖峰时刻;2. cheer up 使振奋，使高兴;3. check (it) out 借书;办理出院手续;彻底检查;退房(check in 开房);4. travel agent 旅行社(travel agency, travel bureau);financial aid 经济资助;5. turn down 关掉，拒绝;turn on 打开二、口语问题：注意语气，语调，语汇。

例如：1. tape 胶带;cassette 磁带。

2. project 作业(homework, assignment);工程;项目;计划;任务。

3. awful 糟糕的;terrific 特别棒的，好极了(口语中);可怕的，恐怖的(阅读中)。

4. I can tell that. 我能看得出。

5. I understand that... 我听说……。

2014年12月英语四级真题考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对Part I WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay onthe following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.作文题一：印象最深的活动AA campus activity that has benefited most.作文题二：印象最深的课程A course that has impressed you most in college.作文题三:印象最深的同学A classmate of yours who has influenced you most in college．Part II ListeningSection ADirections：In this section，you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D)，and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Question 1A.The man is not good at balancing his budget.B.She will go purchase the gift herself.C.The gift should not be too expensive.D.They are gonging to Jane's house-warming party.Question 2A.He is quite willing to give the woman a hand.B.It takes patience to go through the statistics.C.He has prepared the statistics for the woman.D.The woman should take a course in statistics.Question 3A.Page 55 is missing from the woman's scripts.B.They cannot begin their recording right away.C.The woman does not take the recording seriously.D.The man wants to make some changes in the scripts.Question 4A.The date of Carl's wedding.B.The birthday of Carl's bride.C.A significant event in July.D.Preparation for a wedding.Question 5A.The woman forgot to tell the man in advance.B.The man was absent from the weekly meeting.C.The woman was annoyed at the man's excuse.D.The man was in charge of scheduling meetings.Question 6A.The woman is a marvelous cook.B.The woman has just bought an oven.C.The man has to leave in half an hour.D.The man cannot want for his meal.Question 7A.How she can best help the man.B.Where the man got the bad news.C.What items sell well in the store.D.Whether the man can keep his job.Question 8A.The woman can sign up for a swimming class.B.He works in the physical education department.C.The woman has the potential to swim like a fish.D.He would like to teach the woman how to swim.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Question 9A.He teaches in a law school.B.He loves classical music.C.He is a diplomat.D.He is a wonderful lecturer.Question 10A.Went to see a play.B.Watched a soccer game.C.Took some photos.D.Attended a dance.Question 11A.She decided to get married in three years.B.Her mother objected to Eric’s flying lessons.C.She insisted that Eric pursue graduate studies.D.Her father said she could marry Eric right away.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Question 12A.Editor.B.Teacher.C.JournalistD.Typist.Question 13A.The beautiful Amazon rainforests.B.A new railway under construction.C.Big changes in the Amazon valley.D.Some newly discovered scenic spot.Question 14A.In news weeklies.B.In newspapers' Sunday editions.C.In a local evening paper.D.In overseas editions of U.S. magazines.Question 15A.To be employed by a newspaper.B.To become a professional writer.C.To sell her articles to a news service.D.To get her life story published soon.Section BDirections：In this section，you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage，you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question，you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 16A.Nodding one's head.B.Waving one's hand.C.Holding up the forefinger.D.Turning the right thumb down.Question 17A.Looking away from them.B.Forming a circle with fingers.C.Bowing one's head them.D.Waving or pointing to them.Question 18A.Looking one's superior in the eye.B.Keeping one's arms folded while talking.C.Showing the sole of one's foot to a guest.ing a lot of gestures during a conversation.Passage TwoQuestions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.Question 19A.They had to beg for foot after the harvest.B.They grew wheat and corn on a small farm.C.They shared a small flat with their relatives.D.The children walked to school on dirt roads.Question 20A.Tour Ecuador's Andes Mountains.B.Earn an annual income of $2800.C.Purchase a plot to build a home on.D.Send their children to school.Question 21A.The achievements of the Trickle Up Program.B.A new worldwide economic revolution.C.Different forms of assistance to the needy.D.The life of poor people in developing countries.Passage ThreeQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. Question 22A.They are highly sensitive to cold.B.They are vitally important to our life.C.They are a living part of our body.D.They are a chief source of our pain.Question 23A.It has to be removed in time by a dentist.B.It is a rare oral disease among old people.C.It contains many nerves and blood vessels.D.It is sticky and colorless film on the teeth.Question 24A.It can change into acids causing damage to their outer covering.B.It greatly reduces their resistance to the attacks of bacteria.C.It makes their nerves and blood vessels more sensitive to acid food.D.It combines with food particles to form a film on their surface.Question 25A.Food particles.B.Gum disease.C.Unhealthy living habits.D.Chemical crosion.Section CStunt people(替身演员) are not movie stars, but they are the hidden heroes of many movies.They were around long before films. Even Shakespeare may have used them in fight scenes. To be good, a fight scene has to look real. Punches must (26)______ enemies' jaws. Sword fights must be fought with(27)______ swords. Several actors are usually in a fight scene. Their moves must be set up so that no one gets hurt. It is almost like planning a dance performance.If a movie scene is dangerous, stun people usually(28)______the stars. You may think you see Tom Cruise running along the top of a train. But it is(29)______ his stunt double. Stunt people must(30)______ the stars they stand in for. Their height and build should be about the same. But when close-ups are needed, the film(31)______ the star.Some stunt people(32)______ in certain kinds of scenes. For instance, a stunt woman named Jan Davis does all kinds of jumps. She has leapt from planes and even off the top of a waterfall. Each jump required careful planning and expert(33)______.Yakima Canutt was a famous cowboy stunt man. Among other stunts, he could jump from a second story window onto a horse's back. He(34)______ the famous trick of sliding under a moving stagecoach. Canutt also(35)______ a new way to make a punch look real. He was the only stunt man ever to get anOscar.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.For decades, Americans have taken for granted the XXXX development of new technologies. The innovations(创新)XXXX opment during World War II and afterwards were(36)_____ to the prosperity of the nationin the second half of the 20th century. Those innovations, upon which virtually all aspects of(37)_____ society now depend, were possible because the United States then(38)_____ the world in mathematics and science education. Today, however, despite increasing demand for workers with strong skills in mathematics and science, the(39)_____ of degrees awarded in science, math, and engineering are decreasing.The deeling in degree production in what are called the STEM disciplines(science, technology, engineering, and math.)seems to be(40)_____related to the comparatively weak performance by U.S. schoolchildren on international assessments of math and science. Many students entering college have weak skills in mathematics. According to the 2005 report of the Business Higher Education Forum, 22 percent of college freshmen must take remediat(补习的)math(41)_____, and less than half of the students who plan to major in science or engineering(42)_____complete a major in those fields.The result has been a decrease in the number of American college graduates who have the skills, (43)_____ in mathematics, to power a workforce that can keep the country at the forefront(前言)of innovation and maintain its standard of living. With the(44)_____ performance of American students in math and science has come increased competition from students from other countries that have strongly supported education in these areas. Many more students earn(45)_____ in the STEM disciplines in developing countries than in the United States.A.acceleratingB.actuallyC.closelyD.contemporaryE.coursesF.criticalG.declining H.degreesI.especially J.futureK.ledL.metM.procedures N.proportionsO.sphetesSection BDirections：In this section，you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Ban sugary drinks that will add fuel to the obesity war[A] On a train last Thursday, I sat opposite a man who was so fat he filled more than one seat. He was pale and disfigured and looked sick to death, which he probably was: obesity(肥胖的)leads to many nasty ways of dying. Looking around the carriage, I saw quite a few people like him, including a couple of fatty children with swollen checks pressing against their eyes. These people are part of what is without exaggeration an epidemic(流行病)of obesity.[B] But it is quite unnecessary: there is a simple idea- far from new- that could spare millions of such people a lifetime of chronic(长期的)ill health, and at the same time save the National Health Service(NHS)at least ￡14 billion a year in England and Wales. There would, you might think, be considerable public interest in it. This simple idea is that sugar is as good- or as bad- as poison and should be avoided. It is pure, white and deadly, as Professor John Yudkin described it 40 years ago in a revolutionary book of that name. The subtitle was How Sugar Is Killing Us.[C] In its countless hidden forms, in ready meals, junk food and sweet drinks, sugar leads to addiction(瘾), to hormonal upsets to the appetite, to metabolic(新陈代谢的)malfunctions and obesity and from there to type 2 diabetes(糖尿病)and its many horrible complication. If people really grasped that, they would try to kick the habit, particularly as Britain is the “fat man of Europe”. They might even feel driven to support government measures to prevent people from consuming this deadly stuff. Yet so far this idea has met little but resistance.[D] It is not difficult to imagine the vested interests(既得利益集团)lined up against any sugar control- all the food and drink manufacturers, processors, promoters and retailers who make such easy pickings out of the magic powers of sugar. Then there are the liberals, with whom I would normally side, who protest that government regulation would be yet another instance of interference in our lives.[E]That is true, but people should realize that you cannot have a welfare state without a nanny state(保姆国家), to some degree. If we are all to be responsible for one another’s health insurance, through socialized medicine, then we are all closely involved in one another’s health, including everyone’s eating and drinking. That has already been admitted, finally, with smoking. But it has yet to be admitted with overeating, even though one in four adults in this country is obese and that number is predicted to double by the year 2050.Quite apart from anything else, obesity will cripple the NHS.[F]Recently, though, there have been signs that the medical establishment is trying to sound the alarm. Last month the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges(AMRC)published a report saying that obesity is the greatest public health issue affecting the UK and urging government to do something.[G]The report offers 10 recommendations, of which the first is imposing a tax of 20 percent on sugary drinks for at least a year, on top of the existing 20 percent value-added tax. That at least would be an excellent start. The amounts of sugar in soft drinks are horrifying, and turn straight to fat. As Professor Terence Stephenson, head of the AMRC, has said, sugary soft drinks are “the ultimate bad food. You are just consuming neat sugar. Your body didn’t evolve to handle this kind of thing.”[H]Precisely. The risks of eating too much fat or salt(which are very different)pale into insignificant compared with the harm done by sugar. And it is everywhere.[I]It is difficult to buy anything in a supermarket, other than plain, unprepared meat, fish or vegetables, that doesn’t have a large amount of sugar in it. This has come about because the prevailing scientific views of the 1960s and 1970s ignored the evidence about sugar, and instead saw fat as the really serious risk, both to the heart and other organs, as well as the cause of obesity.[J]The fashion was to avoid fat. But finding that food with much of its fat removed is not very appetizing, food producers turned to sugar as a magic alternative flavor enhancer, often in the forms of syrups(糖浆)that had recently been developed from corn, and put it generously into most prepared foods and soft drinks.[K]This stuff is not just fattening. It is addictive. It interferes with the body’s metabolism, possibly via the activity of an appetite-controlling hormone. There’s plenty of evidence for this, for those who will accept the truth.[L]Theoretically, people ought to make “healthy choices”and avoid overeating. But sugar additives are not easy to identify and are hard to avoid. So the snacking, over-drinking and over eating that makes people fat is not really their own fault: obesity is in large part something that is being done to them. It should be stopped, or rather the government should stop it.[M]Going round my local supermarket, I am constantly astonished that it is still legal to sell all the poisons stacked high on the shelves. The problem is that they are worse than useless. They are poisonous. They are known to be addictive. They are known to make people obese. And giving small children sweet drinks or bottles of fake juice all day long is nothing less than child abuse.[N]Clearly, the sale of such stuff ought to be illegal. I hate to think of yet more government regulation. But a bit of tax on sweet soda and a little more health education, a bit of cooking in schools and banning vending machines(自动售货机)here and there —as suggested try the AMRC report —is not going to achieve very much. Labelling is quite inadequate. What is needed is legislation banning high levels of sugary syrups used in foods and drinks.[O]In June 2012, the then minister for public health said the government was not scared of the food industry and had not ruled out legislation, because of the costs of obesity to the NHS. However, nothing has happened yet. Whynot have another Jammie Dodger biscuit and forget about it.46、Avoiding over-consumption of sugar can improve people’s health as well as save medical expenses.47、Laws should be passed to make it illegal to produce overly sweet foods or drinks.48、Giving small children sweet juices to drink all the time is equal to child abuse.59、Looking around, the author found obesity quite widespread.50、The number of obese people is expected to increase quickly in the next few decades.51、If people really understood the horrible consequences of sugary foods and drinks, they would support government measures against sugar consumption.52、It would be a very good beginning wo improve an additional tax on sugary drinks.53、The government has not yet taken any action to regulate sugar consumption although it indicated its intention to do so some time ago.54、Sugar is far more harmful to health than fat and salt.55、Consumers of sweet foods are not really to blame because they cannot tell what food is sugary.Section CDirections：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.The rise of the Internet has been one of the most transformative developments in human history, comparable in impact to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph. Over two billion people worldwide now have access to vastly more information than ever before, and can communicate with each other instantly, often using Web-connected mobile devices they carry everywhere. But the Internet’s tremendous impacts has only just begun.“Mass adoption of the Internet is driving one of the most exciting social, cultural, and political transformations in history, and unlike earlier periods of change, this time the effects are fully global,”Schmidt and Cohen write in their new book. The New Digital Age.Perhaps the most profound changes will come when the five billion people worldwide who currently lack Internet access get online. The authors do an excellent job of examining the implications of the Internet revolution for individuals, governments, and institutions like the news media. But if the book has one major shortcoming, it’s that authors don’t spend enough time applying a critical eye to the role of Internet businesses in these weeping changes.In their book, the authors provide the most authoritative volume to date that describes —and more importantlypredicts —how the Internet will shape our lives in the coming decades. They paint a picture of a world in which individuals, companies, institutions, and governments must deal with two realities, one physical, and one virtual.At the core of the book is the idea that “technology is neutral, but people aren’t.”By using this concept as a starting point, the authors aim to move beyond the now familiar optimist vs. pessimist dichotomy(对立观点)that has characterized many recent debates about whether the rise of the Internet will ultimately be good or bad for society. In an interview with TIME earlier this week, Cohen said although he and his co-author are optimistic about many aspects of the Internet, they’re also realistic about the risks and dangers that lie ahead when the next five billion people come online, particularly with respect to personal privacy and state surveillance(监视).56、In what way is the rise of the Internet similar to the invention of the printing press and the telegraph?A.It transforms human history.B.It facilitates daily communication.C.It is adopted by all humanity.D.It revolutionizes people's thinking.57、How do Schmidt and Cohen describe the effects of the Internet?A.They are immeasurable.B.They are worldwide.C.They are unpredictable.D.They are contaminating.58、In what respect is the book The New Digital Age considered inadequate?A.It fails to recognize the impact of the Internet technology.B.It fails to look into the social implications of the Internet.C.It lacks an objective evaluation of the role of Internet businesses.D.It does not address the technical aspects of Internet communication.59、What will the future be like when everybody gets online?A.People will be living in two different realities.B.People will have equal access to information.C.People don’t have to travel to see the world.D.People don’t have to communicate face to face.60、What does the passage say about the authors of The New Digital Age?A.They leave many questions unanswered concerning the Internet.B.They are optimistic about the future of the Internet revolution.C.They have explored the unknown territories of the virtual world.D.They don’t take sides in analyzing the effects of the Internet.In 1950, a young man would have found it much easier than it is today to get and keep a job in the auto industry. And in that year the average autoworker could meet monthly mortgage(抵押贷款)payments on an average home with just 13.4 percent of his take-home pay. Today a similar mortgage would claim more than twice that share of his monthly eamings.Other members of the autoworker’s family, however might be less inclined to tried the present for the past. His retired parents would certainly have had less economic security back then. Through-out much of the 1960s,more than a quarter of men and women and women age 65 and older lived below the poverty level, compared to less than 10 percent in 2010.In most stales, his wife could not have taken out a loan or a card in her own name. In 42 states, a homemaker had no legal claim on the earnings of her husband. And nowhere did a wife have legal protection against family violence.Most black workers would not want to return to a time when, on average they earned 40 percent less than their white counterparts(职位相当的人),white racially restrictive agreements largely prevented them from buying into the suburban neighborhoods being built for white working –class families.Today, new problems have emerged in the process of resolving old ones, but the solution is not to go back to the past. Some people may long for an era when divorce was still hard to come by. The spread of no -fault divorce has reduced the bargaining power of whichever spouse is more interested in continuing the relationship. And the breakup of such marriages has caused pain for many families.The growing diversity of family life comes with new possibilities as well as new challenges. According to a recent poll, more than 80 percent of Americans believe that their current family is as close as the one in which they grew up, or closer. Finding ways to imaginary golden age.61、What do we learn about American autoworkers in 1950?A.They had less job security than they do today.B.It was not too difficult for them to buy a house.C.Their earnings were worth twice as much as today.D.They were better off than workers in other industries.62、What does the author about retired people today?A.They invariably long to return to the golden past.B.They do not depend so much on social welfare.C.They feel more secure economically than in the past.D.They are usually unwilling to live with their children.63、Why couldn’t black workers buy a house in a whitc suburban neighborhood ?A.They lacked the means of transportation.B.They were subjected to racial inequality.C.They were afraid to break the law.D.They were too poor to afford it.64、What is the result of no-fault divorce ?A.Divorce is easier to obtain.B.Domestic violence is lessened.C.It causes little pain to either side.D.It contributes to social unrest.65 、What does the author suggest society do?A.Get prepared to face any new challenges.B.Try to better the current social security.C.Narrow the gap between blacks and whites.D.Improve the lives of families with problemsPart IV TranslationDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.翻译题一：大熊猫是一种温顺的动物，长着独特的黑白皮毛。

四级作文分类讲义二（四）分析图表类一、行文思路第一段：描述图表，概述图表所揭示的信息。

第二段：分析图表所反映的问题或趋势产生的原因。

第三段：展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。

二、模板学习：(描述图表段) From the above chart/graph/table/picture, we can see that ______总述现象_________. __图表中的数据一__________. In contrast/However/And, __________图表中数据二____________.//According to the chart/graph/table/picture above, ___总述图表现象____. ___图表中具体细节描述_______. Obviously/Consequently, this chart/graph/table/picture has forcefully proved that ___图表呈现出的结果____.（说明影响/原因段）Many reasons account for ____图表反映的问题_____.//Consequently, many problems related to ___图表涉及的主体____ emerge./ ____图表涉及的主体或呈现的结果_____ can do lots of harm/benefits. Firstly/First of all, _____原因一/影响一________. _______进一步说明原因一/影响一_______. Furthermore/Secondly, ____原因二/影响二_________. Thirdly/Besides, ___原因三/影响三______. (As a result, 以上原因导致的结果)（阐述观点段）As for me/ As far as I am concerned, ___“我”的态度/相关情况或是现象将来的趋势、可能带来的（好或坏的）影响或存在的问题____. For one thing, ____理由一/影响一/问题一_____. For another/In addition/Besides, ___理由二/影响二/问题二_______. In brief/To conclude,____总结全文_____.三、模板套用Education PaysAccording to the chart above, the weekly earnings people obtain progressively mount up with the rising of the education level that people achieve. In detail, people with an education degree of college or above earns at least 300 dollars more every week than those with a lower one. Consequently, this chart has forcefully proved that the more one invests in education, the morehe or she will earn.The result from the above chart can do lots of benefits. Firstly, it’s good persuasion for those who hold education is time-and money-consuming. The chart has vividly shown that education is a worthy payment. Secondly, for the majority of young undergraduates who are worried about their future incomes, it provides a good impetus. Thirdly, those who think education is significant will be more confident and work harder.As for me, it is no doubt that education is beneficial. For one thing, education plays a crucial role in personal growth of career. For another, education is the prospect of a nation. To conclude, we should bear in mind the significance of education and study hard.另一篇：Education PaysFrom the above chart, we can see that the higher the degree of education one obtains, the less likely one is to be unemployed. According to the chart, 1.9% of people with doctoral degree will suffer form unemployment. However, the unemployment rate of people low degree is up to 14.9%.Many reasons account for this phenomenon. First of all, people with higher level of education have wider range of knowledge and higher ability which make them more competitive in their career and less likely to be laid off. Furthermore, because of the booming of high technologies in modern society, people with higher education will be easier to land and hold a job. Besides, those with low educational background are easily be replaced any time due to the fact that their jobs are easy and can be finished by average people.As for me, educational background plays a crucial role in the future careers. For one thing, we should study hard to improve our ability. For another, we should engaging in a challenging job in future. To conclude, we should grasp more knowledge to prepare future careers. 亮点句式一、描述图表1. 正如（上面）图表中显示的，中国人的饮食已经有了一些明显的变化译文： 2. 根据图表中给出的数据可知，网上购物正变得越来越流行。

听力技巧：英语四级考试听力笔记讲义21、paper 论文：(1)paper 常用词义：paper 论文;newspaper 报纸;papers 文件;paper 纸(2)research 查询资料。

对应场景library图书馆。

(3)写论文的步骤：第一步，选题topic，选题难，范围广。

第二步，查询资料research，图书馆场景。

第三步，打出论文。

typewriter 打字机，computer 计算机，printer 打印机，laser printer 激光打印机，laptop 笔记本电脑。

论文没打完，typewriter/computer坏了break down 或者typewriter需要新的ribbon。

(4)题目难选，资料难查，打字困难(机房总被占)。

奖学金：fellowship;RA 助研：research assistant;TA 助教：teaching assistant2、presentation 口头演讲，口头报告：(1)同义词：report, speech, address。

(2)考点：I. 着装正式 formal clothes(考试中另一个考到着装正式的考点是interview面试)，会出现change。

II. 演讲人的内心感受：nervous紧张的。

3、reading assignment 阅读作业：文科学生reading list读书清单。

抱怨需要读的书多。

吃：(校内、校外)校内：饭堂cafeteria(不好吃)校外：restaurant有waiter, menu, order, reserve a table, make a reservationapple pie 苹果派(好吃)能够代表traditional American，比如：This picnic is as American as apple pie. John is as Americanas apple pie.apple pie virtue = traditional American virtue在考题中形容apple pie好吃的句子举例如下：(1) Even my mother's can't match this.(2) I took the last one, and it was out of the world.(3) You wouldn't have to force me to take another helping.注：1. A and B结构，考人物关系 2. 选项B非主流，应排除。