专题七名词（可数名词、不可数名词）
教学目标：
1、掌握名词的复数变化规则。
2、掌握名词的概念。
重点难点:
1、可数名词变复数的规则变化与不规则变化;
2、不可数名词量的表达法。
名词：
名词是所有事物的名称，包括人、物及抽象概念。它在句子中作主语，宾语或表语等。名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。
●可数名词:一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词。可数名词有
单数和复数两种形式。
例如: a book, two books, a student, three students, a family, many families。
1、名词单数变复数规则变化：
(1)一般情况下，词尾直接加 S 。如：
cat——cats bag——bags day——days
(2)以o, s, sh, ch, x 结尾的词加es。如：
class——classes match——matches
box----- boxes dish ---- dishes
(其中，以o结尾的分两种情况：)
◎有生命力的，加es : Negroes, heroes , tomatoes, potatoes
◎无生命力的，加s: radios, zoos, pianos, photos
(3)以辅音加 y 结尾的词,变 y为 i, 再加 es。如：
party----parties city----cities story----stories
(4)以f 或 fe 结尾的词, 变 f 或 fe 为 v, 加 es。如：
wife ---- wives leaf----leaves knife----knives wolf----wolves
◎注意特殊情况直接加S，要逐个记：chiefs（部落首领）handkerchiefs(手帕) roofs（屋顶）
2、名词单数变复数不规则变化:
(1)名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得如:
man—men woman—women
tooth---teeth goose---geese foot---feet
child—children mouse---mice
(2)单复数同形，如：
deer sheep fish people
3、合成名词变复数时：
(1）把一个或最后一个变成复数。
girl friend — girl friends
boy friend — boy friends
(2) 把构成合成名词的两个词都要变成复数。
man doctor—m e n doctor s woman teacher—wom e n teacher s
●不可数名词:
不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词( air, water等)及抽象名词(advice, hate)等。所以它通常只有单数形式。如：English, air, water, cotton, work…
不可数名词表示数量时，可以用量词来表达(量词有复数形式)
其结构是数词+量词+of+名词。如：a bottle of water, two cups of tea,
three pieces of paper
（虽然不可数名词没有复数变化，但量词超过“一”的时候要加复数。
如：three cup s of coffee, five bottle s of water）
专题七名词（可数名词、不可数名词）练习题
一、请按括号内要求写单词。
1、foot___________(复数)
2、child___________(复数)
3、potato__________(复数)
4、sheep____________(复数)
5、story____________(复数)
6、tooth____________(复数)
7、knife____________(复数) 8、hero_____________(复数)
9、tomato___________(复数) 10.photo___________（复数）
二、选择填空。
( ）1、There are two _______in our school.
A. library
B. libraries
C. librarys
( ) 2、Two _____and three_____will come to visit our school tomorrow.
A. Americans, Japaneses
B. Americans, Japanese
C. American, Japanese
( )3、T his bag isn’t mine, it’s________, I think.
A.Mary B、May C、Mary’s
( )4、How many _______ are there in the zoo?
A、sheep
B、monkey
C、fish
( ）5、Our English teacher is from____________.
A.Canada B、Canada’s C、Canadian
( )6、Our _______desks are over there.
A.teacher B、teacher’s C、teachers’
( ）7、There are so many _________.
A、tomatos
B、tomatoes
C、tomato
( )8、Today is Friday. The day of before yesterday was__________.
A.Sunday B、Thursday C、Wednesday
( )9、We have three___________ in the house.
A.boxes of potatoes B、boxes of potatos
C、box of potato
( )10、Jack Chen is a famous________. Many children like him very much.
A、artist
B、actress
C、actor
三、句型转换.
1、This is a watch.(改成复数形式)
These _______ ________.
2、Are they American cars?(改为单数句)
_______________________________________?
3、This is my box.(改为复数句)
These ________our________.
4、The children have some apples.(改为单数句)
_____________________________________.
5、She loves her dress very much.(改为复数句)
They__________their_________very much.
四、请写出下列名词的复数形式。
city zoo strawberry____________ mouse boy ______
German ___________ tree ________ horse_________ bus_____________
baby ________ family __________ country __________
radio _______ photo___________ piano____________
leaf__________ thief___________ chief__________
woman______ child_______ foot________
I _________ him _________ this ________
watch_______ deer________ Frenchman_____________
dress_________ knife ______ milk__________
sheep______ box_______ CD____________paper_______ juice_______ water________ rice________ tea_______ people
woman teacher ______________ apple tree_________________
?名词单复数
1、（东华2011）There are two _____ in our school.
A. library
B. libraries
C. librarys
2、（东华2013）How many__________are there in the zoo?
A.sheep
B.monkey
C.fish
3、（光明2011）Shanghai is in the ______________of China.
A .east B. north C. south
4、（光明2011）There are so many _______________.
A. tomatos
B. tomatoes
C. tomato
5、（光明2014）How many _______ are there in the river?
A. goose
B. gooses
C. geese
6、（虎外2011）There are ninety_______and nine hundred_______in our school.
A.woman teachers;boy student
B.women teachers; boys students
C.women teachers; boy students
D.women teacher; boys student
7、（南开2015）These are _______. You can buy a pair for your mother.
A woman sock B. women sock C. women socks D. woman socks
8、（光明2012）Are these ______ yours? Yes, they are.
A. duck
B. goat
C. deer
?专有名词
1、（东华2013）Children’s Day is in_______.
A.June
B.July
C.May
2、（光明2010）Our English teacher is from _______.
A .Canada B. Canada’s C. Canadian
3、（南开2015）__________ is the second day of a week.
A. Monday
B. Saturday
C. Sunday
D. Tuesday
专题七名词（可数名词、不可数名词）练习题答案
二、请按括号内要求写单词。
1、foot feet (复数)
2、child children (复数)
3、potato potatoes (复数)
4、sheep sheep (复数)
5、story stories (复数)
6、tooth teeth (复数)
7、knife knives (复数) 8、hero heroes (复数)
9、tomato tomatoes (复数) 10.photo photos （复数）
二、选择填空。
( B ）1、There are two _______in our school.
A. library
B. libraries
C. librarys
( B ) 2、Two _____and three_____will come to visit our school tomorrow.
A. Americans, Japaneses
B. Americans, Japanese
C. American, Japanese
( C )3、This bag isn’t mine, it’s________, I think.
A.Mary B、May C、Mary’s
( A )4、How many _______ are there in the zoo?
A、sheep
B、monkey
C、fish
( A ）5、Our English teacher is from____________.
A.Canada B、Canada’s C、Canadian
( C )6、Our _______desks are over there.
A.teacher B、teacher’s C、teachers’
( B ）7、There are so many _________.
A、tomatos
B、tomatoes
C、tomato
( C )8、Today is Friday. The day of before yesterday was__________.
A.Sunday B、Thursday C、Wednesday
( A )9、We have three___________ in the house.
A.boxes of potatoes B、boxes of potatos
C、box of potato
( C )10、Jack Chen is a famous________. Many children like him very much.
A、artist
B、actress
C、actor
三、句型转换.
1、This is a watch.(改成复数形式)
These are watches .
3、Are they American cars?(改为单数句)
Is it an American car ?
3、This is my box.(改为复数句)
These are our boxes .
6、The children have some apples.(改为单数句)
The child has an apple.
7、She loves her dress very much.(改为复数句)
They love their dresses very much.
四、请写出下列名词的复数形式。
city cities zoo zoos strawberry strawberries mouse mice boy boys German Germans tree _trees_ horse__horses_ bus__buses__
baby __babies_ family __families_ country _countries_
radio _radios_ photo_photos_ piano_pianos__
leaf__leaves__ thief__thieves__ chief___chiefs__
woman__women__ child_children__ foot___feet_
I __we___ him __they___ this___these__
watch__watches__ deer__deer__ Frenchman__Frenchen___
dress__dresses___ knife __knives__ milk__milk__
sheep__sheep___ box__boxes__ CD__CDs___paper__paper___
juice__juice_ water__water__ rice_rice__ tea__tea_ people___paper__ woman teacher _women teachers__ apple tree__apple trees_
?名词单复数
1、（东华2011）There are two _B__ in our school.
A. library
B. libraries
C. librarys
2、（东华2013）How many___A____are there in the zoo?
A.sheep
B.monkey
C.fish
3、（光明2011）Shanghai is in the ____A_______of China.
A .east B. north C. south
4、（光明2011）There are so many ____B__________.
A. tomatos
B. tomatoes
C. tomato
5、（光明2014）How many __C___ are there in the river?
A. goose
B. gooses
C. geese
6、（虎外2011）There are ninety__C___and nine hundred__C___in our school.
A.woman teachers;boy student
B.women teachers; boys students
C.women teachers; boy students
D.women teacher; boys student
7、（南开2015）These are ___C__. You can buy a pair for your mother.
A woman sock B. women sock C. women socks D. woman socks
8、（光明2012）Are these __C__ yours? Yes, they are.
A. duck
B. goat
C. deer
?专有名词
1、（东华2013）Children’s Day is in___A___.
A.June
B.July
C.May
2、（光明2010）Our English teacher is from _A____.
A .Canada B. Canada’s C. Canadian
3、（南开2015）____A____ is the second day of a week.
A. Monday
B. Saturday
C. Sunday
D. Tuesday
v1.0可编辑可修改语法 1. 5种类型的谓语 1326 在一个完整的句子中，主语之外的部分称为谓语，- 谓语。 第一类包含一个不及物动词（IV）: He came My wife cried 第二类包含一个及物动词及其宾语（TV+ O : Joh n likes me . His un cle wrote letters 第三类包含一个双宾动词、一个间接宾语和一个直接宾语（They teach me En glish . I bought Mary sugar . 第四类包含一个系动词及主语补语（LV+ C）: He is a teacher . She looks sad . 第五类包含一个宾补动词、宾语及宾语补语（FV+ C+ C）: 5种类型的DV+IO+DC :
v1.0可编辑可修改We made him king . She left the house dirty 1.基本成分 1302 根据其结构，句子可以分为5类： a.主语+ 不及物动词 Joh n came. (S)(IV) b.主语+ 及物动词+宾语 Joh n likes oranges . (S) (TV) (O) c.主语+ 双宾动词+ 间接兵语+直接宾语 Joh n gave Mary books . (S)(DV (10)(DO
d.主语+ 系动词+ 主语补语 Joh n is happy . (S)(LV)(SC e.主语+ 宾补动词+ 宾语+ 宾语补语 Joh n makes Mary angry . (S)(FV) ( O)(OC 主语、不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、宾补动词、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成分。在上面的句子中，如把任何一个成分删除，都会成为病句。从上面例句也可看出，完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成分，至多4个基本成分。 2 ?附属成分 1303 基本成分可以加修饰语：1）定语（即用来修饰名词的单词、短语或 从句）或2）状语（即用来修饰名词或代词以外的词的单词、短语或从句）。下面例句中，修饰语为斜体字，被修饰的词为黑体字： 1）Poor John tottered toward a hospital nearby . John likes oranges imported from the U . S..
名词 2004 1.The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a ______ of 60 miles.【全国I28】 A. length B. distance C. way D. space 2.I keep medicines on the top shelf, out of the children’s ______.【天津26】 A. reach B. hand C. hold D. place 3.Don’t leave matches or cigarettes on the table within ______ of little children.【湖北21】 A. hand B. reach C. space D. distance 2005 4.Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his ______.【天津10】 A. ability B. force C. strength D. mind 5.He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his ______ was seen at its best when he worked with others.【上海43】 A. temper B. appearance C. talent D. character 6.I am sure David will be able to find the library—he has a pretty good ______ of direction.【浙江16】 A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense 7.The head office of the bank is in Beijing, but it has ______ all over the country.【辽宁27】 A. companies B. branches C. organizations D. businesses 8.My ______ of this weekend’s activity is going out with some good friends.【安徽28】 A. idea B. opinion C. mind D. thought 2006 9.It is no ______ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.【全国II11】 A. use B. help C. time D. way 10.Finding information in today’s world is easy. The ______ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.【天津15】 A. ability B. competition C. challenge D. knowledge 11.When Jane began to take swimming lessons, her main ______ was the fear of water.【上海42】 A. evidence B. crisis C. obstacle D. danger 12.You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of ______.【广东34】 A. date B. shape C. order D. balance 13.—If you like I can do some shopping for you. —That’s a very kind ______.【浙江17】 A. offer B. service C. point D. suggestion 14.School children must be taught how to deal with dangerous ______.【辽宁32】 A. states B. conditions C. situations D. positions 15.To make members of a team perform better, the trainer first of all has to know their ______ and weaknesses.【湖北21】 A. strengths B. benefits C. techniques D. values 16.The ______ on his face told me that he was angry.【湖北23】 A. impression B. sight C. appearance D. expression 17.At the meeting they discussed three different ______ to the study of mathematics.【湖北24】 A. approaches B. means C. methods D. ways 18.Always read the ______ on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.【福建35】 A. explanations B. instructions C. descriptions D. introductions 19.It is said that dogs will keep you ______ for as long as you want when you are feelinglonely.【江西 28】 A. safety B. company C. house D. friend 20.My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ______ it.【陕西10】 A. in honour of B. in memory of C. in favour of D. in search of 2007
英语语法大全 初中英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. ：who, she, you, it . 主要用来代替名词。如)： 2、代词(pron.3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如：I'm Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如：He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间接宾语。间接 宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给我写了 一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信)
小学英语语法练习题 名词练习 2.写出下列单数名词的复数形式 1.orange_____ 2.box__________ 3.woman________ 4.tomato________ 5.bus_______ 7.b oy________ 8.baby _______ 9.watch_______ 10.photo________ 11.class _______ 12.foot________13.house________14.pen_______ 15.car________ 1 6.horse________ 1 7.radio_______ 1 8.dish________1 9.child________ 2.将下列单词的复数形式改成单数形式1.doctors_________2.cities_______ 3.pianos__________ 4..ears________ 5.churches ________ 6.leaves_________ 7.teeth________ 8.zoos____ 9.brushes ________ 10.wives__________11.men _________12.pears _________ 3.请从括号里选出正确的答案 1. Please give me （two /two cups of ）coffee. 2. There are a lot of (sheep /sheeps ) on the farm. 3. I’d like some (bread / breads ) and (potato /potatoes). 4. Look! There is a (mouse /mice) in the corner. 5. He bought (a piece of /a piece ) paper. 6. “Where is (Woman’s / Women’s) Room?” asked Susan. 7. (The girl’s/The girls’ )hobby is drawing. 8. Aunt Lucy sent (a child’s /a children’s ) book to me. 冠词练习 1.在空格内填上a或an 1._____ear 2.______actor 3._____hen 4.______toy 5.____university 6.______elepha nt 7.______hat 8.______umbrella 9.______rabbit 10.______idea11.______h our 12_______ honest boy 13.______interesting book 14.______easy question15.______orange dress 17_______X-ray machine 18.______ice cream 2.选择填空 1.Mom tells her little daughter old story every night. A. a B. / C. an D. the 2. computer on the table is Susan’s. A. A B. An C. The D. /
大学英语语法 学习提纲 一、词类、句子成分和构词法： 1、词类：英语词类分十种： 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.)：表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如：boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.)：主要用来代替名词。如：who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..)：表示人或事物的性质或特征。如：good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.)：表示数目或事物的顺序。如：one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.)：表示动作或状态。如：am, is,are,have,see . 6、副词(adv.)：修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。如：now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly. 7、冠词(art..)：用在名词前,帮助说明名词。如：a, an, the. 8、介词(prep.)：表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。如in, on, from, above, behind. 9、连词(conj.)：用来连接词、短语或句子。如and, but, before . 10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。如：oh, well, hi, hello. 2、句子成分：英语句子成分分为七种：主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语。 1、主语是句子所要说的人或事物,回答是“谁”或者“什么”。通常用名词或代词担任。如： I’m Miss Green.(我是格林小姐) 2、谓语动词说明主语的动作或状态,回答“做(什么)”。主要由动词担任。如：Jack cleans the room every day. (杰克每天打扫房间) 3、表语在系动词之后,说明主语的身份或特征,回答是“什么”或者“怎么样”。通常由名词、 代词或形容词担任。如：My name is Ping ping .(我的名字叫萍萍) 4、宾语表示及物动词的对象或结果,回答做的是“什么”。通常由名词或代词担任。如： He can spell the word.(他能拼这个词) 有些及物动词带有两个宾语,一个指物,一个指人。指物的叫直接宾语,指人的叫间 接宾语。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语的前面。如：He wrote me a letter . (他给 我写了一封信) 有时可把介词to或for加在间接宾语前构成短语,放在直接宾语后面,来强调间接宾 语。如：He wrote a letter to me . (他给我写了一封信) 5、定语修饰名词或代词,通常由形容词、代词、数词等担任。如： Shanghai is a big city .(上海是个大城市)
名词 一、名词的分类： 二、可数名词的单复数： 注意： 1、物质名词往往是不可数名词，但有些也可作可数名词，此时意义有所不同。如： room（空间）——a room（房间） paper（纸）——a paper（论文，试卷）fish（鱼）——fishes（鱼的种类） drink（饮料）——drinks（饮料的种类）glass（玻璃）——glasses（玻璃杯，眼镜）work (工作) ——a work（著作，工事）chicken（鸡肉）——a chicken（小鸡）orange（橘汁）——oranges（橙子）time（时间）——times（时代/次数）wood（木头）——a wood（小森林） 2、不可数名词的数量表达：不可数名词虽然本身不可数，但可借助单位量词来表示一定的数量。如： a glass of water一杯水a cup of tea 一杯茶a bottle of ink 一瓶墨水a bowl of rice 一碗饭
a piece of news 一则新闻 a pair of glasses 一副眼镜 3、有些名词虽以-s结尾，但它们不是复数。如physics, maths, politics, news 4、数词+名词+形容词构成的复合形容词，中间的名词不能用复数形式而须用单数形式。如： a five-year-old girl一个五岁的女孩 a six-foot-deep hole一个六英尺深的洞a two-metre-long ruler一把两米长的尺子a ten-story-high building一幢十层高的楼房 5、分辨可数名词和不可数名词的分辨。 三、名词所有格： 2、名词所有格的用法 (1)’s所有格常表示有生命的东西，但也可表示时间、距离、自然现象、国家或城市类实体、工作群体等无生命的 名词。如： a month’s time一个月的时间a mile’s distance一英里的距离the moon’s rays月光the city’s parks城市的公园 the ship’s crew船上的工作人员 (2) ’s所有格后的名词如指商店、住宅等地点时，该名词通常省略。如：my aunt’s我阿姨家, the doctor’s诊所 (3)“of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”,称为双重所有格，此结构也可由of + 名词性物主代词构成。如： a friend of my father’s我父亲的一位朋友friend of mine我的一位朋友 注意：He is a friend of your father’s.他是你父亲的一个朋友。（强调父亲的朋友不止一个） He is a friend of your father.他是你父亲的朋友。（强调他对你父亲的友好） 3、名词所有格的作用： 除了可以表示所有关系外，还有以下几种作用： (1)表示类别。如：Children’s book儿童读物teachers’ college师范学院 (2)表示主谓关系，表示动作的执行者。如：his mother’s request他母亲的要求the help of the worker工人们的帮助 (3)表示动宾关系，表示动作的承受者。如：the family’s support养家糊口the use of computer’s电脑的用途 四、名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题： (1)主谓的单复数一致,即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用单数形式：如： The computer was a great invention. The water in the glass is very cold. (2)集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时, ①如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：Class Three is a very good class. ②如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：Class Three have a map of China. (3)Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。 There is a sheep in the yard. There are some sheep in the yard. (4)maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数： The news is very exciting. (5)glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如： The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.
六年级语法总复习 一、词汇 （一）一般过去时态 一般过去时态表示在过去的某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。例如yesterday, last weekend ,last Saturday ,等连用。基本句型：主语+动词的过去式+其他。例句——What did you do last weekend?你上周做什么了？ ——I played football last weekend.我踢足球了。 ★规则动词过去式的构成 ⒈一般在动词原形末尾加-ed。例如：play—played ⒉词尾是e的动词直接加-d。例如：dance—danced ⒊末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。例如stop（停止）--stopped ⒋结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词，变“y”为“i”，再加-ed，例如：study--studied ★一些不规则变化的动词过去式 am/is—was are—were go—went swim—swam fly—flew do—did have—had say—said see—saw take—took come—came become—became get—got draw—drew hurt—hurt read—read tell—told will—would eat—ate take—took make—made drink—drank sleep(睡觉)—slept cut（切）--cut sit(坐)—sat begin(开始)—began think—thought find—found run(跑)---ran buy—bought win—won give(给)—gave sing—sang leave—left hear（听）--heart wear—wore （二）一般现在时态 一般现在时态表示包括现在时间在内的一段时间内经常发生的动作或存在的状态，表示习惯性或客观存在的事实和真理。常与often ,always ,usually ,sometimes ,every day等连用。基本句型分为两种情况： ●主语（非第三人称）+动词原形+其他。例句：——What do you usually do on the weekend?——I usually do my homework on the weekend. ●主语（第三人称）+动词的第三人称单数形式+其他。例句： ——What does Sarah usually do on the weekend?萨拉通常在周末干什么？ ——She usually does her homework on the weekend.她通常在周末做她的家庭作业。 ★动词第三人称单数形式的变化规则 ⒈一般直接在动词词尾加-s.例如：play—plays ⒉以s ,x ,ch,sh结尾的动词加-es。例如：watch—watches ⒊以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加es,例如：fly—flies ⒋个别不规则变化动词，需单独记忆，例如：do—does go—goes （三）现在进行时态 现在进行时态表示说话人现在正在进行的动作。基本句型：主语+be+动词的-ing+其他。 例如:——What are you doing ?你在干什么？ ——I am doing my homework..我正在做作业。 ★动词现在分词的变化规则 ⒈一般直接在词尾加ing ，例如;wash—washing ⒉以不发音e字母结尾的动词，去掉e ,再加ing.例如：make—making ⒊末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，要双写最后一个辅音字母再加ing.例如swim—swimming （四）一般将来时态 一般将来时态表示将来某一时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示将来的时间如tomorrow ,next weeken ,this afternoon 等连用。我们通常用will,be going to+动词原形来表示一般将来时态。
小学英语各种语法及练习题 一、名词复数规则 二、1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 三、2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 四、3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries 五、4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives 六、5．不规则名词复数： 七、man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice 八、child-children 九、foot-feet,.tooth-teeth 十、fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 十一、写出下列各词的复数 十二、I _________him _________this ___________her ______ 十三、watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ 十四、day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ 十五、tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ 十六、thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______
【学英语必看】 《英语语法手册》 在实用英语备受青睐的现在，大家在学习英语和准备各种考试时，总是把 听说读写放在首位，诚然，学习语言重在实践。但是，请不要忽视语法的作用，特别是在阅读和写作中，他能帮助你分析清楚句子结构，准确抓住句子的要点，更能帮你写出复杂而优美的长句。 以下为你整理《英语语法手册》全集，不需背诵记忆，只要静下心阅读一遍，就能有所收获！ 宝宝更希望你能把他们融在平时的阅读写作里. [英语语法手册]关于词类和句子成分 根据词的形式、意义及其在句中的功用将词分为若干类，叫做词类。一个 句子由各个功用不同的部分所构成，这些部分叫做句子成分。 学一个词，要学它的发音、拼法、意义，也要记它的词类；更重要的是要 了解它和其他词的关系，及其在句中作什么句子成分。如China is in East Asia(中国位于东亚)一句中的China这个单词所属的词类是名词，在句子中作主语。 词类(parts of speech) 英语的词通常分为十大类： 1）名词(noun，缩写为n.)是人和事物的名称，如pen(钢笔)，English(英语)，life(生活)。 2)代词(pronoun，缩写为pron.)是用来代替名词的词，如we(我们)，his(他的)，all(全部)。 3)形容词(adjective，缩写为adj.)用来修饰名词，如great(伟大的)，honest(诚实的)，difficult(困难的)。 4)数词(numeral，缩写为num.)是表示"多少"和"第几"的词，如four(四)，eighteen(十八)，first(第一)，eighth(十八)，hundred(一百)。
中考语法专项一名词 1.名词的数 可数名词——一般是个体名词，如a boy(一个男孩)，集体名词 a family(一个家庭)，可数名词在句子中必须有头或是有尾，头就是a，one，an 或物主代词；尾就是复数形式。 特殊的复数形式: 1）集体名词：集体名词不能运用具体的数字修饰，下面的集体名词，不能用a，one，two 等修饰，只能在其前加the 表示“全体……”。 the police 警察(指全体警察) the English 英国人(指全体英国人) the French 法国人(指全体法国人) 2）复合名词 a woman teacher—women teachers 女教师an Englishman—Englishmen 英国男子 a grown-up—grown-ups 成人 a brother-in-law—brothers-in-law 内兄、内弟、小叔、大伯 2.不可数名词 专有名词：NBA 全美篮球协会Michael Jackson 迈克杰克逊the West Lake 西湖 物质名词：液体：milk water tea coffee juice oil(油) 肉类：beef chicken mutton pork 天气：weather rain snow wind light 光 其他：news(新闻，消息) bread(面包) 抽象名词：fun love luck duty kindness 善良happiness 幸福progress 进步 【注意】有些不可数的物质名词有复数形式，但表达不同意义。 tea—different kinds of teas 不同种类的茶
初中英语语法速记口诀大全 很多同学认为语法枯燥难学，其实只要用心并采用适当的学习方法，我们就可以愉快地学会英语，掌握语法规则。笔者根据有关书目和多年教学经验，搜集、组编了以下语法口诀，希望对即将参加中考的同学们有所帮助。 一、冠词基本用法 【速记口诀】 名词是秃子，常要戴帽子， 可数名词单，须用a或an， 辅音前用a，an在元音前， 若为特指时，则须用定冠， 复数不可数，泛指the不见， 碰到代词时，冠词均不现。 【妙语诠释】冠词是中考必考的语法知识之一，也是中考考查的主要对象。以上口诀包括的意思有：①名词在一般情况下不单用，常常要和冠词连用；②表示不确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an，确指时要用定冠词the；③如复数名词表示泛指，名词前有this，these，my，some等时就不用冠词。 二、名词单数变复数规则 【速记口诀】 单数变复数，规则要记住， 一般加s，特殊有几处： 末尾字母o，大多加s， 两人有两菜，es不离口， 词尾f、fe，s前有v和e； 没有规则词，必须单独记。 【妙语诠释】①大部分单数可数名词变为复数要加s，但如果单词以/t?蘩/、/?蘩/、/s/发音结尾(也就是单词如果以ch，sh，s，x等结尾)，则一般加es；②以o结尾的单词除了两人(negro，hero)两菜(tomato，potato) 加es外，其余一般加s；③以f或fe结尾的单词一般是把f，fe变为ve再加s；④英语中还有些单词没有规则，需要特殊记忆，如child—children，mouse—mice，deer—deer，sheep—sheep，Chinese—Chinese，ox—oxen，man—men，woman—women，foot—feet，tooth —teeth。 三、名词所有格用法 【速记口诀】 名词所有格，表物是“谁的”， 若为生命词，加“’s”即可行， 词尾有s，仅把逗号择； 并列名词后，各自和共有， 前者分别加，后者最后加； 若为无生命词，of所有格， 前后须倒置，此是硬规则。 【妙语诠释】①有生命的名词所有格一般加s，但如果名词以s结尾，则只加“’”；②并列名词所有格表示各自所有时，分别加“’s”，如果是共有，则只在最后名词加“’s”；③
必修二Unit1 限定性和非限定性定语从句 用所给词的适当形式填空： 1.Tom won the first prize, _______ everybody knows. 2.Yesterday I met Ling Ping, _______ seemed to be very busy. 3.Our teacher, ________ wife is a nurse, is very strict with us. 4._______ is known to us all, Taiwan is part of China. 5.He lost my bike, ______ made me unhappy. 6.I don’t know the reason ______ he was late for the class. 7.The house ______ I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 8.The reason, ______ he looks unhappy today, is unknown to us. 9.He left his hometown in 1992, _____ he was only 12 years old. 10.Is this factory the one _______ a lot of students visited yesterday? 11.W atch out! Don’t get close to the building _____ walls are being painted. 12.T he famous actor became successful, _______ began to appear on the stage to make a living at the age of 8. 13.I s this the magazine _______ she often writes articles? ---- Yes, it is. 14.U ntil now, we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children, _______ is quite unexpected. 15.H e was educated at a famous university, after _______ he went abroad and settled there. 16.______is known to us all, April 14, 2010 was the day _____ Yushu earthquake happened. 17.S oon children in the camp had many friends, _______ they shared food, stories and projects. 高考真题: 1.（2017北京）The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be
初中英语语法大全 1、名词 （一）概述 名词是表示人、地方、事物或抽象概念名称的词，可以说名词是万物之名称。它们可以是： 人的名字 Li Ming, Tom 地方名称 China, London 职业称呼 teacher, doctor 物品名称 pencil, dictionary 行为名称 study, invention 抽象概念history, grammar （二）普通名词和专有名词 1．普通名词 凡不属于特定的人名、地名、事物名称或概念名称的名词，都属于普通名词。这类名词在所有的名词中占绝大多数。普通名词大致有以下四种类型： 1）个体名词 个体名词指作为个体而存在的人或物。可以指具体的人或物，例如： He has two aunts. 他有两个姑姑。 Most classrooms have computers. 多数教室里都有电脑。 也可指抽象东西，例如： We’ve lived here for twenty years. 我们在这里住了二十年了。 I had a dream last night 我昨晚做了一个梦。 个体名词有复数形式，如：weeks, problems;单数形式可以和a/an连用，如：a week, a problem, an old man. 2）集体名词 集体名词表示由个体组成的集体，下面是一些常见的集体名词：
government（政府） group（小组，团体） public（公众） team（队；组） police（警方） 集体名词有时作单数看待，有时作复数看待。一般说来，视为整体时作单数看待，想到它的成员时作复数看待 有的集体名词通常用作单数，例如： Our company is sending him to work in Berlin. 我们公司将派他去柏林工作。 有的集体名词多作复数看待。例如： The police are looking for him. 警察正在找他。 3）物质名词 物质名词指无法分为个体的东西，我们学过的常见的物质名词有： beer, cloth, coal, coffee, coke, cotton, ice, ink, jam, juice, meat, medicine, metal, milk, oil paper, rain, salad, salt, sand, snow, soup, steel, sugar, tea, water, wine, wood, wool等。 一般说来，物质名词是不可数折，因而没有复数形式。但有一些特殊情况：
英语语法习题 目录 第一讲主谓一致 第二讲名词 第三讲代词 第四讲动词分类 第五讲动词时态 第六讲被动语态 第七讲虚拟语气 第八讲助动词 第九讲不定式 第十讲 V-ing形式 第十一讲 V-ed形式 第十二讲形容词／副词 第十三讲介词 第十四讲连词 第十五讲 It的用法 第十六讲定语从句 第十七讲名词性从句 第十八讲状语从句 第十九讲倒装句 第一讲主谓一致 I.学习重点 从句或非谓语动词作主语时的主谓一致 表示数量的名词词组作主语时的主谓一致 由连接词连接的主语与谓语的一致 集体名词作主语时的主谓一致 “主语+with/as well as 等短语”的主谓一致 Ⅱ．重点讲解 主语和谓语的一致主要指谓语动词必须和作主语的名词或人称代词在人称和数上保持一致。处理主谓一致关系主要遵循以下3条原则。①语法一致原则，即谓语的单、复数形式依主语的单、复数形式而定：主语为复数，谓语动词用复数；主语为单数或是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。②就近一致原则，即谓语动词的人称和数要与它最邻近的名词或代词保持一致。 ③意义一致原则，即不以语法形式而从意义着眼处理一致关系，若主语形式上为复数，但意义上是单数，谓语动词需用单数；若主语形式上为单数，而意义上是复数，则谓语动词用复数。 Ⅲ、自测题 1．The committee ______(be) unable to agree on the policies．
2．The committee ______ (have) decided to give the workers more financial help．3．Why he entered the house and how he managed to get out of it without being seen by people ______ (remain) a mystery to us all． 4．Three years in a strange land ______(seem) like a long time． 5．He is one of those men who never ______(care) how they look． 6．Law and order ______(mean) different things to people with different political opinions． 7．She’s the only one of these women who ______ (play) bridge well． 8．After the exams ______(be) the time to relax． 9．War and peace ______(be) a constant theme in history． 10．How is it that your answer and your neighbour’s ______(be) identical? 11．If either of you ______(take) a vacation now,we will not be able to finish the work． 12．One third of the population ______(be) working in factories． 13．There ______(be) a bed and two sofas in the room． 14．What he left me ______(be) three small rooms. 15．The crowd at the basketball game ______(be) wild with excitement. 16．None of the students ______(have)finished the exam yet． 17．A large crowd of people ______(have) gathered under the Town Hall clock．18．All but he and I ______(be) going to the Exhibition． 19．Each soldier and sailor ______(be) given a gun． 20．Attending on campus concerts ______ (be) part of the pleasure of college life．21．There ______(be) more than one answer to your question． 22．A number of pages ______(be) found missing． 23．This is one of the books that ______(tell) an authentic story of World War Two．24．The cat with her kittens ______(be) sitting in the sun． 25．What ______(be) your weekly wages? 26．Bacon and eggs ______(make) a hearty breakfast for a growing boy．27．Dancing and skating ______(be) my chief delights． 28．Only one of the students who______(have) read the article can answer the question． 29．John is the only student who ______(have) read the book． 30．The number of secretaries in this company ______(be)never under 100．31．Five hundred dollars ______(be) spent yesterday. 32．It is I who ______(be) responsible for this. 33．To visit the parks and museums ______(be) really enjoyable． 34．Every word and phrase in this dictionary ______(be) important． 35．What he wants ______(be) a recorder and a radio． 36．There ______(be) many a reason why this book sells well． 37．What caused the damage of these cars ______(remain) unknown． 38．Two thirds of my friends ______(have) been abroad． 39．Two thirds of the crop ______(have) been damaged by the storm． 40．The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes ______(have) been translated into many languages． 41．A thousand miles no longer ______ much to us today,for modern jets can easily get us over this distance within a few hours． A)meant B)mean C)means D)will mean 42．It is reported that about two-thirds of the factory’s property _______ in the fire． A)are lost B)have been lost