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《道德经》英文版

《道德经》英文版
《道德经》英文版

目录

Chapter1 (2)

Chapter2 (2)

Chapter3 (3)

Chapter4 (4)

Chapter5 (4)

Chapter6 (5)

Chapter8 (6)

Chapter9 (6)

Chapter10 (7)

Chapter11 (8)

Chapter12 (8)

Chapter13 (9)

Chapter14 (10)

Chapter15 (11)

Chapter16 (12)

Chapter17 (13)

Chapter18 (13)

Chapter19 (14)

Chapter20 (15)

Chapter21 (16)

Chapter22 (17)

Chapter23 (18)

Chapter24 (19)

Chapter25 (20)

Chapter25 (20)

Chapter26 (21)

Chapter27 (22)

Chapter28 (23)

Chapter29 (24)

Chapter30 (25)

Chapter31 (26)

Chapter32 (27)

Chapter33 (27)

Chapter34 (28)

Chapter35 (29)

Chapter1

1.The Tao that can be trodden is not the enduring and unchanging Tao.The name that can be named is not the enduring and unchanging name.

2.(Conceived of as)having no name,it is the Originator of heaven and earth; (conceived of as)having a name,it is the Mother of all things.

3.Always without desire we must be found,

If its deep mystery we would sound;

But if desire always within us be,

Its outer fringe is all that we shall see.

4.Under these two aspects,it is really the same;but as development takes place, it receives the different names.Together we call them the Mystery.Where the Mystery is the deepest is the gate of all that is subtle and wonderful.

道可道,非常道;名可名,非常名。

无名,天地之始;有名,万物之母。

故常无欲,以观其妙;常有欲,以观其徼。

此两者同出而异名,同谓之玄。

玄之又玄,众妙之门。

【译文】

取道于寻常可取之道,其道非恒久之道;取名于寻常可取之名,其名非恒久之名。取名于无名,就好比天地未判之初始;取名于有名,乃是万物化生之根本。所以,通常要无所趋求,以便观想那无以名状的微妙;时常又要有所趋求,以便观想那成名化物的极限。这两方面是同一行为体的不同显现,同样深及于行为体的幽深内殿。在这同样深及幽深的两者之间作不断深入的循环运行,就是一切行为运作的微妙法门。

Chapter2

1.All in the world know the beauty of the beautiful,and in doing this they have

(the idea of)what ugliness is;they all know the skill of the skilful,and in doing this they have(the idea of)what the want of skill is.

2.So it is that existence and non-existence give birth the one to(the idea of) the other;that difficulty and ease produce the one(the idea of)the other;that length and shortness fashion out the one the figure of the other;that(the ideas of)height and lowness arise from the contrast of the one with the other;that the musical notes and tones become harmonious through the relation of one with another; and that being before and behind give the idea of one following another.

3.Therefore the sage manages affairs without doing anything,and conveys his instructions without the use of speech.

4.All things spring up,and there is not one which declines to show itself;they grow,and there is no claim made for their ownership;they go through their processes, and there is no expectation(of a reward for the results).The work is accomplished, and there is no resting in it(as an achievement).

The work is done,but how no one can see;

'Tis this that makes the power not cease to be.

天下皆知美之为美,斯恶矣;皆知善之为善,斯不善矣。

故有无相生,难易相成,长短相形,高下相倾,音声相和,前后相随……

是以圣人处无为之事,行不言之教,万物作焉而不辞,生而不有,为而不恃,功成而不居。

夫唯不居,是以不去。

【译文】

天下人都知道美之所以为美,于是就有了令人嫌恶的丑;都知道善之所以为善,于是就有了反面的不善。所以,"有"与"无"相互突显,"难"与"易"相互促成,"长"与"短"相互显现,"高"与"下"相依而存,"音"与"声"相互陪衬,"前"与"后"相互照应——这些"名"相反而相成,迁延不居而不独立自足。因此,圣人从事于无所成名的事务,施行无须仗名立言的劝教,坦荡迎候万物的涌现与流变而不抵触畏避,生养了一切并不拘系自有,做成了什么并不执为仗恃,成就了事业并不矜居功名。就是因为他不矜居功名,所以他不会消逝。

Chapter3

1.Not to value and employ men of superior ability is the way to keep the people from rivalry among themselves;not to prize articles which are difficult to procure is the way to keep them from becoming thieves;not to show them what is likely to

excite their desires is the way to keep their minds from disorder.

2.Therefore the sage,in the exercise of his government,empties their minds,fills their bellies,weakens their wills,and strengthens their bones.

3.He constantly(tries to)keep them without knowledge and without desire,and where there are those who have knowledge,to keep them from presuming to act(on it).When there is this abstinence from action,good order is universal.

不尚賢,使民不爭;不貴難得之貨,使民不為盜;不見可欲,使民心不亂。

是以圣人之治,虛其心,實其腹,弱其志,強其骨。常使民無知無欲。使夫智者不敢為也。為無為,則無不治。

【译文】

不崇尚贤才异能,使人民不至于炫技逞能而争名逐利。不看重稀贵之物,使人民不做盗贼。不显露足以引起贪欲的物事,使人民的心思不至于被扰乱。因此,圣人治理天下的原则是:排弃充斥于人民心中的各种成见,满足人民的温饱需求,软化人民的犟执趋求,提高人民的自立自足能力。通常使人民不执成见、不生贪欲,使那些"智者"不敢为所欲为。从事于无所成为的作为,即可以得到全面的治理。

Chapter4

1.The Tao is(like)the emptiness of a vessel;and in our employment of it we must be on our guard against all fulness.How deep and unfathomable it is,as if it were the Honoured Ancestor of all things!

2.We should blunt our sharp points,and unravel the complications of things;we should attemper our brightness,and bring ourselves into agreement with the obscurity of others.How pure and still the Tao is,as if it would ever so continue!

3.I do not know whose son it is.It might appear to have been before God.

道沖,而用之或不盈。淵兮,似万物之宗;湛兮,似或存。吾不知誰之子,象帝之先。【译文】

道是虚无的,但它的作用却似乎无穷无尽。它是那样的幽深莫测,像是一切存在的本源依归。它消磨了锋角,排解了纠纷,柔和了光芒,浑同于尘俗。它无形无迹呵,像是很不确定的存在。我不知道在它之上还能有什么更本源的存在,只觉得它存在于天帝之前。

Chapter5

1.Heaven and earth do not act from(the impulse of)any wish to be benevolent;they deal with all things as the dogs of grass are dealt with.The sages do not act from (any wish to be)benevolent;they deal with the people as the dogs of grass are dealt with.

2.May not the space between heaven and earth be compared to a bellows?

'Tis emptied,yet it loses not its power;

'Tis moved again,and sends forth air the more.

Much speech to swift exhaustion lead we see;

Your inner being guard,and keep it free.

天地不仁,以万物為芻狗;圣人不仁,以百姓為芻狗。

天地之間,其猶橐龠乎?虛而不屈,動而愈出。

多言數窮,不如守中。

【译文】

天地无所谓仁爱之心,把万物都当作"刍狗"来看待;圣人也不执求仁爱之心,把百姓也当作"刍狗"来看待。天地之间,不正像是气囊或空管那样的大空泡吗?它虽空虚但却不会塌缩,运行之中生化不息。孜孜于仗名立言往往行不通,不如持守空虚而顺任自然。

Chapter6

The valley spirit dies not,aye the same;

The female mystery thus do we name.

Its gate,from which at first they issued forth,

Is called the root from which grew heaven and earth.

Long and unbroken does its power remain,

Used gently,and without the touch of pain.

谷神不死,是謂玄牝。玄牝之門,是謂天地根。綿綿若存,用之不勤。

【译文】:

虚神永远存在,可以称它为无比幽深的生殖之源。通向这个无比幽深的生殖之源的门径,就是这个天地世界的根本。它绵延存在而又若有若无,它施展的作用无穷无尽。

Chapter7

1.Heaven is long-enduring and earth continues long.The reason why heaven and earth

are able to endure and continue thus long is because they do not live of,or for, themselves.This is how they are able to continue and endure.

2.Therefore the sage puts his own person last,and yet it is found in the foremost place;he treats his person as if it were foreign to him,and yet that person is preserved.Is it not because he has no personal and private ends,that therefore such ends are realised?

天長地久。天地所以能長且久者,以其不自生,故能長生。

是以圣人后其身而身先;外其身而身存。非以其無私邪?故能成其私。

【译文】

天长地久。天地所以能够长久,是因为它们不去强求一种非其不可的状况维持,所以能够长久。因此,圣人把自己的切身利益置后,反而成了人群的首领;把自己的身家性命置之度外,反而更好地保护了自己的身家性命。不正是因为他对自己很无所谓吗?这样反而可以更好地成就他自己。

Chapter8

1.The highest excellence is like(that of)water.The excellence of water appears in its benefiting all things,and in its occupying,without striving(to the contrary),the low place which all men dislike.Hence(its way)is near to(that of)the Tao.

2.The excellence of a residence is in(the suitability of)the place;that of the mind is in abysmal stillness;that of associations is in their being with the virtuous;that of government is in its securing good order;that of(the conduct of)affairs is in its ability;and that of(the initiation of) any movement is in its timeliness.

3.And when(one with the highest excellence)does not wrangle(about his low position),no one finds fault with him.

上善若水。水善利万物而不爭,處眾人之所惡,故几于道。

居善地,心善淵,与善仁,言善信,政善治,事善能,動善時。

夫唯不爭,故無尤。

【译文】

上好的行为典范就像水一样。水,善于利导万物而不与之争,处守于众人所不愿处的低下处,所以,接近于道。

水,居处善于择下而居,存心幽深而明澈,交游共处谐和相亲,言行表里如一,公共关系易于清静太平,办事能干,行动善于应机顺势而行。正因为水总是利导万物而不与之争,所

以,它很少患过失。

Chapter9

1.It is better to leave a vessel unfilled,than to attempt to carry it when it is full.If you keep feeling a point that has been sharpened,the point cannot long preserve its sharpness.

2.When gold and jade fill the hall,their possessor cannot keep them safe.When wealth and honours lead to arrogancy,this brings its evil on itself.When the work is done,and one's name is becoming distinguished,to withdraw into obscurity is the way of Heaven.

持而盈之,不如其已;

揣而銳之,不可長保。

金玉滿堂,莫之能守;

富貴而驕,自遺其咎。

功遂身退,天之道也。

【译文】

执持盈满,不如适可而止。锋芒毕露,难以长久。金玉满堂,谁能守藏?富贵而骄横,自埋祸殃。功成身退,是最应该奉行的行为准则。

Chapter10

1.When the intelligent and animal souls are held together in one embrace,they can be kept from separating.When one gives undivided attention to the(vital)breath, and brings it to the utmost degree of pliancy,he can become as a(tender)babe. When he has cleansed away the most mysterious sights(of his imagination),he can become without a flaw.

2.In loving the people and ruling the state,cannot he proceed without any(purpose of)action?In the opening and shutting of his gates of heaven,cannot he do so as a female bird?While his intelligence reaches in every direction,cannot he(appear to)be without knowledge?

3.(The Tao)produces(all things)and nourishes them;it produces them and does not claim them as its own;it does all,and yet does not boast of it;it presides over all,and yet does not control them.This is what is called'The mysterious

Quality'(of the Tao).

載營魄抱一,能無离乎?

專气致柔,能如嬰儿乎?

滌除玄鑒,能如疵乎?

愛國治民,能無為乎?

天門開闔,能為雌乎?

明白四達,能無知乎?

【译文】

保持神魂与体魄的谐和统一,能不崩解离散吗?圆融气质以致柔顺随和,能像婴儿一样吗?清理幽深而明澈的自体,能没有任何瑕疵吗?爱民治国,能不执着于名而顺任自然吗?在展身作为、功成身退的循环中,能像雌母一样吗?明于道而"发光"行进于一切领域,都能无须向显学成见"借光"吗?生它,养它,生了它并不拘系自有,成就了什么并不执为仗恃,虽获取较高的资格权能却不肆行宰制,这就叫做无限深得于道的"玄德"。

Chapter11

The thirty spokes unite in the one nave;but it is on the empty space(for the axle), that the use of the wheel depends.Clay is fashioned into vessels;but it is on their empty hollowness,that their use depends.The door and windows are cut out(from the walls)to form an apartment;but it is on the empty space(within),that its use depends.Therefore,what has a(positive)existence serves for profitable adaptation,and what has not that for(actual)usefulness.

三十輻,共一轂,當其無,有車之用。

埏埴以為器,當其無,有器之用。

鑿戶牖以為室,當其無,有室之用。

故有之以為利,無之以為用。

【译文】

三十根辐条汇集于车毂而造车,有了其中的虚空,才发挥了车的作用;糅和陶土制作器皿,有了器皿内的虚空,才发挥了器皿的作用;开凿门窗建造房屋,有了门窗四壁内的虚空,才发挥了房屋的作用。所以,"有"之所以能给人以便利,是因为它营造的"无"发挥了作用。

Chapter12

1.Colour's five hues from th'eyes their sight will take;

Music's five notes the ears as deaf can make;

The flavours five deprive the mouth of taste;

The chariot course,and the wild hunting waste

Make mad the mind;and objects rare and strange,

Sought for,men's conduct will to evil change.

2.Therefore the sage seeks to satisfy(the craving of)the belly,and not the (insatiable longing of the)eyes.He puts from him the latter,and prefers to seek the former.

五色令人目盲;五音令人耳聾;五味令人口爽;馳騁畋獵,令人心發狂;難得之貨,令人行妨。

是以圣人為腹不為目,故去彼取此。

【译文】

缤纷的色彩使人眼花缭乱;嘈杂的音声使人听觉失灵;浓厚的杂味使人味觉受伤;纵情猎掠使人心思放荡发狂;稀有的物品使人行于不轨。因此,圣人致力于基本的维生事务,不耽乐于感官的享乐。所以要有所取舍。

Chapter13

1.Favour and disgrace would seem equally to be feared;honour and great calamity, to be regarded as personal conditions(of the same kind).

2.What is meant by speaking thus of favour and disgrace?Disgrace is being in a low position(after the enjoyment of favour).The getting that(favour)leads to the apprehension(of losing it),and the losing it leads to the fear of(still greater calamity):--this is what is meant by saying that favour and disgrace would seem equally to be feared.And what is meant by saying that honour and great calamity are to be(similarly)regarded as personal conditions?What makes me liable to great calamity is my having the body(which I call myself);if I had not the body,what great calamity could come to me?

3.Therefore he who would administer the kingdom,honouring it as he honours his own person,may be employed to govern it,and he who would administer it with the

love which he bears to his own person may be entrusted with it.

寵辱若惊,貴大患若身。

何謂寵辱若惊?寵為下,得之若惊,失之若惊,是謂寵辱若惊。

何謂貴大患若身?吾所以有大患者,為吾有身,及吾無身,吾有何患?

故貴以身為天下,若可寄天下;愛以身為天下,若可托天下。

【译文】

得宠与受辱一样,都是对身心安宁的惊扰;重视大患等同于对身家的珍重。为什么说得宠也像受辱一样使人惊扰呢?因为:就其对人的惊扰程度而言,得宠更为下劣:得到它的时候为之惊喜难安,失去它的时候又为之惊慌恐惧,所以说得宠与受辱一样,都是对身心安宁的惊扰。为什么说重视大患等同于对身家的珍重呢?因为:我之所以会看重大患,是因为我有这个非顾虑大患不可的身家,如果我连这身家也置之度外,那么,还会有什么私已的大患可以干扰得了我呢?所以,像看重自己的身家一样看重天下的人,可以守护天下;像爱养自己的身家一样爱养天下的人,可以托付天下。

Chaptear14

1.We look at it,and we do not see it,and we name it'the Equable.'We listen to it,and we do not hear it,and we name it'the Inaudible.'We try to grasp it,and do not get hold of it,and we name it'the Subtle.'With these three qualities,it cannot be made the subject of description;and hence we blend them together and obtain The One.

2.Its upper part is not bright,and its lower part is not obscure.Ceaseless in its action,it yet cannot be named,and then it again returns and becomes nothing. This is called the Form of the Formless,and the Semblance of the Invisible;this is called the Fleeting and Indeterminable.

3.We meet it and do not see its Front;we follow it,and do not see its Back.When we can lay hold of the Tao of old to direct the things of the present day,and are able to know it as it was of old in the beginning,this is called(unwinding)the clue of Tao.

視之不見,名曰夷;听之不聞,名曰希;搏之不得,名曰微。此三者不可致詰,故混而為一。其上不□,其下不昧。繩繩兮不可名,复歸于物。是謂無狀之狀,無物之象,是謂惚恍。迎之不見其首,隨之不見其后。

執古之道,以御今之有。能知古始,是謂道紀。

【译文】

看它看不见,就叫"夷";听它听不到,就叫"希";捉它捉不着,就叫"微"。从这三方面不可以加以探究,所以是浑融无名的元始。居于其上的本源已不清楚,由它而下的现实世界是清晰具体的。它本身渺渺茫茫,无以名状,不同于现实的具体存在。这就叫做没有确定形状的形状,不可归结于具体组分的显象,它是不确定性的表征。围绕着它团团转,我们永远也搞不清它的模样。维系于古已有之的道,以驾御现实的具体存在。能懂得返本复初,是维系于道的基本点。

Chapter15

1.The skilful masters(of the Tao)in old times,with a subtle and exquisite penetration,comprehended its mysteries,and were deep(also)so as to elude men's knowledge.As they were thus beyond men's knowledge,I will make an effort to describe of what sort they appeared to be.

2.Shrinking looked they like those who wade through a stream in winter;irresolute like those who are afraid of all around them;grave like a guest(in awe of his host); evanescent like ice that is melting away;unpretentious like wood that has not been fashioned into anything;vacant like a valley,and dull like muddy water.

3.Who can(make)the muddy water(clear)?Let it be still,and it will gradually become clear.Who can secure the condition of rest?Let movement go on,and the condition of rest will gradually arise.

4.They who preserve this method of the Tao do not wish to be full(of themselves). It is through their not being full of themselves that they can afford to seem worn and not appear new and complete.

古之善为士者,微妙玄通,深不可识。

夫唯不可识,故强为之容:

豫兮若冬涉川,犹兮若畏四邻,俨兮其若客;

涣兮若冰之将释,敦兮其若朴,旷兮其若谷;

混兮其若浊。

孰能浊以澄?静之徐清;

孰能安以久?动之徐生。

保此道者不欲盈。

夫唯不盈,故能敝而新成。

【译文】

古来善于当士的人们,微妙、幽深而通达权变,深邃得令人难以测识。正因为难以测识,所以要勉强作形容:有时候,他们迟疑审慎得像是在冬天里涉足江河,警觉戒备得像是随处都有强敌环俟,恭谨自持得像是一直都在做客;有时候,他们又像冰块就要崩解融化一样松跨散漫,敦敦朴朴的,看不出什么突出的能耐,旷放豁达得就像虚空一样;他们的那些似乎不相调谐的多面目表现使他们显得很浑浊。

哪些人能在混浊中保持本心的澄明?能注意守静就能渐趋本心的澄明;哪些人能使安稳得到长久的维持?懂得灵动权变就能渐得长久的安稳。保持这种生存方式的基本点就是不去追求"无不具足"。正因为没有"无不具足",所以能历久而常新。

Chapter16

1.The(state of)vacancy should be brought to the utmost degree,and that of stillness guarded with unwearying vigour.All things alike go through their processes of activity,and(then)we see them return(to their original state).When things(in the vegetable world)have displayed their luxuriant growth,we see each of them return to its root.This returning to their root is what we call the state of stillness;and that stillness may be called a reporting that they have fulfilled their appointed end.

2.The report of that fulfilment is the regular,unchanging rule.To know that unchanging rule is to be intelligent;not to know it leads to wild movements and evil issues.The knowledge of that unchanging rule produces a(grand)capacity and forbearance,and that capacity and forbearance lead to a community(of feeling with all things).From this community of feeling comes a kingliness of character;and he who is king-like goes on to be heaven-like.In that likeness to heaven he possesses the Tao.Possessed of the Tao,he endures long;and to the end of his bodily life, is exempt from all danger of decay.

致虚极,守静笃,万物并作,吾以观其复。

夫物芸芸,各复归其根。

归根曰静,是曰复命。

复命曰常,知常曰明。

不知常,妄作,凶。

知常,容。

容乃公,公乃王,王乃天,天乃道,道乃久,没身不殆。

【译文】

尽可能地使自己显得虚若无有,尽可能地保持清静,在事物波起云涌似的事态演变中,我们可以因此而观察它们的循环反复。事事物物虽然纷纭繁杂,但它们都可以归结于它们的根本。归结到根本它们就显示出始终如一的清静,这就叫做恢复到“本来”。

懂得恢复“本来”就叫做达成了生存的恒常,懂得达到生存的恒常就叫做有明于道。不懂得达成生存的恒常而胡作非为,就会充满凶险。懂得达成生存的恒常就能雍容裕如。能雍容裕如就能得到众人的拥戴,得到众人的拥戴就可以统摄全局,统摄全局就可以像天一样,像天一样就可以进而像道一样,可以永久存在,终身没有危险。

Chapter17

1.In the highest antiquity,(the people)did not know that there were(their rulers).In the next age they loved them and praised them.In the next they feared them;in the next they despised them. Thus it was that when faith(in the Tao)was deficient(in the rulers)a want of faith in them ensued (in the people).

2.How irresolute did those(earliest rulers)appear,showing(by their reticence)the importance which they set upon their words!Their work was done and their undertakings were successful, while the people all said,'We are as we are,of ourselves!'

太上,不知有之;

其次,亲之、誉之;

其次,畏之;

其次,侮之。

信不足焉,有不信焉,悠兮其贵言。

功成事遂,百姓皆谓"我自然"。

【译文】

最好的统治者,人们觉察不到他的存在。

其次的统治者,人们亲近他、赞誉他。

再次的统治者,人们畏惧他。

最次的统治者,人们轻侮他。

威信有所缺损,就会导致整个威信架构的倒塌,闲着点吧,慎作仗名立言之事。最好是一切事情都办理妥当了,百姓们却说"我们是自然而然的"。

Chapter18

1.When the Great Tao(Way or Method)ceased to be observed,benevolence and righteousness came into vogue.(Then)appeared wisdom and shrewdness,and there ensued great hypocrisy.

2.When harmony no longer prevailed throughout the six kinships,filial sons found their manifestation;when the states and clans fell into disorder,loyal ministers appeared.

大道废,有仁义;

智慧出,有大伪;

六亲不和,有孝慈;

国家昏乱,有忠臣。

【译文】

因为大道废弃了,

才提倡(有了)“仁义”。

聪明智慧(逐权夺利、投机取巧的心机)出现了,才有了狡诈和虚伪。

家庭六亲之间不和睦了,才需要推崇孝慈。

国家昏乱了,才出现贞节、忠诚之臣。

Chapter19

1.If we could renounce our sageness and discard our wisdom,it would be better for the people a hundredfold.If we could renounce our benevolence and discard our righteousness,the people would again become filial and kindly.If we could renounce our artful contrivances and discard our(scheming for)gain,there would be no thieves nor robbers.

2.Those three methods(of government)

Thought olden ways in elegance did fail

And made these names their want of worth to veil;

But simple views,and courses plain and true

Would selfish ends and many lusts eschew.

绝圣弃智,民利百倍;

绝仁弃义,民复孝慈;

绝巧弃利,盗贼无有。

此三者以为文,不足,故令有所属:

见素抱朴,少私寡欲。

【译文】

抛弃贤圣权威及权威成见,人民可以得到更大的好处;抛弃仁、义等道德律则,人民将恢复他们的孝慈本性;抛弃技巧与厚利的助纣与诱引,盗贼将自动消失。

不过,这三项措施作为治标之举,还不足以治本,所以,应把它们作为从属的措施并继之以更为基本的总体原则:表现纯真,持守混沌,减少私心杂欲。

Chapter20

1.When we renounce learning we have no troubles.

The(ready)'yes,'and(flattering)'yea;'--

Small is the difference they display.

But mark their issues,good and ill;--

What space the gulf between shall fill?What all men fear is indeed to be feared; but how wide and without end is the range of questions(asking to be discussed)!

2.The multitude of men look satisfied and pleased;as if enjoying a full banquet, as if mounted on a tower in spring.I alone seem listless and still,my desires having as yet given no indication of their presence.I am like an infant which has not yet smiled.I look dejected and forlorn,as if I had no home to go to.The multitude of men all have enough and to spare.I alone seem to have lost everything.My mind is that of a stupid man;I am in a state of chaos.Ordinary men look bright and intelligent,while I alone seem to be benighted.They look full of discrimination, while I alone am dull and confused.I seem to be carried about as on the sea,drifting as if I had nowhere to rest.All men have their spheres of action,while I alone seem dull and incapable,like a rude borderer.(Thus)I alone am different from other men,but I value the nursing-mother(the Tao).

绝学,无忧。

唯之与阿,相去几何?

美之与恶,相去何若?

人之所畏,不可不畏?

荒兮其未央哉!

众人熙熙,如享太牢,如春登台。

我独泊兮其未兆,如婴儿之未孩,傫傫兮,若无所归。

众人皆有余,而我独若遗。

我愚人之心也哉,沌沌兮!

俗人昭昭,我独昏昏。

俗人察察,我独闷闷。

澹兮其若海,飂兮若无止。

众人皆有以,而我独顽似鄙。

我独异于人,而贵食母。

【译文】

抛弃显学成见等路况知识,可以无忧在途。

那些去应诺附从的与那些去呵斥抗拮的,能有多大差别?那些在欣赏喜慰的与那些在嫌恶厌弃的,又相差多少?他人所畏避的,难道就非畏避不可吗?这种盲从风气久远以来到处蔓延,什么时候都没完没了!

人们真是喧闹喜乐、风光满面,就像享用着盛宴的美食,就像春日里奔赴高台。唯独我淡淡漠漠的,找不出任何随潮同流的迹象,就像婴儿还不懂得言笑作态,娴静而慵懒,因不附从于任何潮流而显得无所归属。

人们似乎都有充足的装备,而我却显得什么也不足。我真是愚人的心肠呵,混混沌沌的。人们似乎精明而睿智,而我却显得糊里糊涂。人们勤紧而利索,而我却在无可无不可地闲散游荡。摇曳灵活呵,就像大海一样;飘忽散漫呵,无拘无束。人们似乎都有足堪仗恃的本领,而我却总是不轻易出离混沌无名,就像不堪成器的鄙朴一样。我将继续我的特立独行,我崇尚求得于道。

Chapter21

The grandest forms of active force

From Tao come,their only source.

Who can of Tao the nature tell?

Our sight it flies,our touch as well.

Eluding sight,eluding touch,

The forms of things all in it crouch;

Eluding touch,eluding sight,

There are their semblances,all right.

Profound it is,dark and obscure;

Things'essences all there endure.

Those essences the truth enfold

Of what,when seen,shall then be told.

Now it is so;'twas so of old.

Its name--what passes not away;

So,in their beautiful array,

Things form and never know decay.

How know I that it is so with all the beauties of existing things?By this(nature of the Tao).

孔德之容,惟道是从。

道之为物,惟恍惟惚。

惚兮恍兮,其中有象;

恍兮惚兮,其中有物;

窈兮冥兮,其中有情;

其情甚真,其中有信。

自古及今,其名不去,以阅众甫。

吾何以知众甫之状哉?以此。

【译文】

甚高德位的行为形貌是对道的效仿。道化生万物的过程表现为恍恍惚惚的不确定性。在恍恍惚惚的不确定之中,有了相对确定的形态停驻;在恍恍惚惚的不确定之中,又有了相对稳定的结构实体的呈现。在具象的实体世界,窈窈冥冥之中可以捕捉到某种情态表现。这情态表现非常本真,它蕴含着源之于道的德的信息。从古到今,这一系列表现从未改变,阅遍了众多人群王朝、物类王朝的兴衰变迁。我是怎么知道这些人群王朝、物类王朝的基本状况的呢?就是通过观其情察其德而得知的。

Chapter22

1.The partial becomes complete;the crooked,straight;the empty,full;the worn out,new.He whose(desires)are few gets them;he whose(desires)are many goes astray.

2.Therefore the sage holds in his embrace the one thing(of humility),and manifests it to all the world.He is free from self-display,and therefore he shines;from self-assertion,and therefore he is distinguished;from self-boasting,and

therefore his merit is acknowledged;from self-complacency,and therefore he acquires superiority.It is because he is thus free from striving that therefore no one in the world is able to strive with him.

3.That saying of the ancients that'the partial becomes complete'was not vainly spoken:--all real completion is comprehended under it.

曲则全,枉则直,洼则盈,敝则新,少则得,多则惑。

是以圣人抱一为天下式。

不自见,故明;

不自是,故彰;

不自伐,故有功;

不自矜,故长。

夫唯不争,故天下莫能与之争。

古之所谓"曲则全"者,岂虚言哉?诚全而归之。

【译文】

能柔曲因应则能自我成全,懂得枉屈绕行则能迅捷直达,能不断地凹陷成"盅"则能不断地自我充盈,懂得护守现成的稳定则能得到真正的逐渐更新,少取则真得,贪多则反而导致自身的混乱。因此,圣人浑融一体而为天下前行探路。不执着于成名,所以能明于道;不自以为是,所以能明辨是非;不自我夸耀,所以能多有事功;不自我矜持,所以能长远在途。因为他不执着于名而与人争,所以天下没有人能把他作为对立面而与他争。古时候所说的"能柔曲因应则能自我成全"等道理怎么会是空话呢?它实在是一个很全面的概括。

Chapter23

1.Abstaining from speech marks him who is obeying the spontaneity of his nature.

A violent wind does not last for a whole morning;a sudden rain does not last for the whole day.To whom is it that these(two)things are owing?To Heaven and Earth. If Heaven and Earth cannot make such(spasmodic)actings last long,how much less can man!

2.Therefore when one is making the Tao his business,those who are also pursuing it,agree with him in it,and those who are making the manifestation of its course their object agree with him in that;while even those who are failing in both these things agree with him where they fail.

3.Hence,those with whom he agrees as to the Tao have the happiness of attaining

to it;those with whom he agrees as to its manifestation have the happiness of attaining to it;and those with whom he agrees in their failure have also the happiness of attaining(to the Tao).(But)when there is not faith sufficient(on his part),a want of faith(in him)ensues(on the part of the others).

希言,自然。

飘风不终朝,骤雨不终日。

孰为此者?天地。

天地尚不能久,而况于人乎?

故从事于道者:

道者同于道,德者同于德,失者同于失。

同于道者,道亦乐得之;

同于德者,德亦乐得之;

同于失者,失亦乐得之。

信不足焉,有不信焉。

【译文】

少发圣言号令,就可以任运自然。狂风刮不到一个早晨,暴雨下不了一整天。谁行使了这狂风暴雨?是天地。天地也不能长久地维持它的狂暴,何况于人呢?所以,注重于修道的人,以道为法式就可以趋同于道,以德为趋求就可以得到德,失道失德就会导致失道失德的恶果。同于道的人可以得到道的容纳,趋求于德的人可以得到德的畜养,失道失德则终将以失败告终。如果没有充足的理由博得人们的确信,人们是不会真正相信的。

Chapter24

He who stands on his tiptoes does not stand firm;he who stretches his legs does not walk(easily). (So),he who displays himself does not shine;he who asserts his own views is not distinguished; he who vaunts himself does not find his merit acknowledged;he who is self-conceited has no superiority allowed to him.Such conditions,viewed from the standpoint of the Tao,are like remnants of food,or a tumour on the body,which all dislike.Hence those who pursue(the course) of the Tao do not adopt and allow them.

企者不立,跨者不行。

自见者不明,

自是者不彰,

自伐者无功,

自矜者不长。

其在道也,曰余食赘行。

物或恶之,故有道者不处。

【译文】

踮着脚尖立不稳,张着双腿难成行。执求成名的,不明于道;自以为是的,不善辨析;自我夸耀的,少有事功;自我矜持的,难以长久。这些做法比之于道的理想范式,实在是一种撑胀而拖沓的行为。一般存在也有不这样的,所以,奉行完善的在途规范的人绝不这样。

Chapter25

1.There was something undefined and complete,coming into existence before Heaven and Earth.How still it was and formless,standing alone,and undergoing no change, reaching everywhere and in no danger(of being exhausted)!It may be regarded as the Mother of all things.

2.I do not know its name,and I give it the designation of the Tao(the Way or Course). Making an effort(further)to give it a name I call it The Great.

3.Great,it passes on(in constant flow).Passing on,it becomes remote.Having become remote,it returns.Therefore the Tao is great;Heaven is great;Earth is great;and the(sage)king is also great.In the universe there are four that are great,and the(sage)king is one of them.

4.Man takes his law from the Earth;the Earth takes its law from Heaven;Heaven takes its law from the Tao.The law of the Tao is its being what it is.

有物混成,先天地生。

寂兮寥兮,独立而不改,周行而不殆,可以为天下母。

吾不知其名,字之曰道,强为之名,曰大。

大曰逝,逝曰远,远曰反。

故道大,天大,地大,人亦大。

域中有四大,而人居其一焉。

人法地,地法天,无法道,道法自然。

【译文】

有一存在浑融而成,先于天地分化的现实世界而存在。它无音无形,廓然无依地自在,没有根本性的迁改;循环反复地运行,永不败坏。可以称之为天下万物共同依归的母本。我不

道德经全文及译文,老子道德经全文及翻译

道德经全文及译文,老子道德经全文及翻译【老子·第一章】 道可道,非常道。名可名,非常名[1]。 无名天地之始;有名万物之母。 故常无,欲以观其妙;常有,欲以观其徼。 此两者,同出而异名,同谓之玄。玄之又玄,众妙之门。 【注释】: [1]通常译为"可以说出来的道,就不是永恒不变的道",强调道是不可言说的。但这样的翻译,等于一开始就剥夺了老子言说真道的可能性和可靠性。其实"常"字在《老子》中多为"通常"之意。另一方面,"道"字,到老子之时,已经用得很泛:有"道路"之意,如《易经》"履道坦坦,幽人贞吉";有"王道"之意,如《尚书》"无有作好,遵王之道" ;有"方法"之意,如《尚书》"我道惟宁王德延";又有"言说"之意,如《诗经》"中之言,不可道也"。《尚书序》(相传为孔子所作)说:"伏牺、神农、黄帝之书,谓之三坟,言大道也。少昊、颛乙、高辛、唐、虞之书,谓之五典,言常道也"。这里用了"常道"一词,指一般的道理。又有冯友兰先生考证说,古时所谓道,均为人道,到了老子才赋与道形而上学的意义。可见,老子要宣示上天大道,必须一开始就澄清概念,强调他下面要讲的道,

绝非人们一般常指的道,不是一般的道理,即非"常道",而是……是什么呢?就要听老子娓娓道来了。 【翻译】: 道可以说,但不是通常所说的道。名可以起,但不是通常所起的名。 可以说他是无,因为他在天地创始之前;也可以说他是有,因为他是万物的母亲。 所以,从虚无的角度,可以揣摩他的奥妙。从实有的角度,可以看到他的踪迹。 实有与虚无只是说法不同,两者实际上同出一源。这种同一,就叫做玄秘。玄秘而又玄秘啊!宇宙间万般奥妙的源头。 【老子·第二章】 天下皆知美之为美,斯恶已。皆知善之为善,斯不善已。 有无相生,难易相成,长短相形,高下相盈,音声相和,前后相随。恒也。 是以圣人处无为之事,行不言之教;万物作而弗始,生而弗有,为而弗恃,功成而不居。夫唯弗居,是以不去。

道德经(拼音完整版)

老子《道德经》 第一章 dào kě dào fēi cháng dào 道可道,非常道; míng kě míng fēi cháng míng 名可名,非常名。 wú míng tiān dì zhī shǐ 无名,天地之始; yǒu míng wàn wù zhī mǔ 有名,万物之母。 gù cháng wú yù yǐ guān qí miào 故常无,欲以观其妙; cháng yǒu yù yǐ guān qí jiào 常有,欲以观其徼。 cǐ liǎng zhě tong chū?r yì míng t?ng wai zhī xuán xuán zhī 此两者,同出而异名,同谓之玄,玄之 y?u xuán zh?ng miào zhī m?n 又玄,众妙之门。 第二章 tiān xià jiē zhī měi zhī w?i měi sīa yǐ 天下皆知美之为美,斯恶已。 jiē zhī shàn zhī w?i shàn sī bù shàn yǐ 皆知善之为善,斯不善已。 gù yǒu wú xiāng shēng nán yì xiāng ch?ng cháng duǎn xiāng xíng 故有无相生,难易相成,长短相形, gāo xià xiāng qīng yīn shēng xiāng ha qián h?u xiāng suí 高下相倾,音声相和,前后相随。 shì yǐ shang r?n chǔ wú w?i zhī shì xíng bù yán zhī jiào 是以圣人处无为之事,行不言之教, wàn wù zu? yān ?r bù cí shēng ?r bù yǒu w?i ?r bù 万物作焉而不辞,生而不有,为而不 shì gōng ch?ng ?r fú j ū 恃,功成而弗居。 fū w?i fú j ū shì yǐ bù qù 夫唯弗居,是以不去。 第三章 bù shàng xiàn shǐ mín bù zhēng 不尚贤,使民不争; bù guì nán d? zhī hu? shǐ mín bù w?i dào 不贵难得之货,使民不为盗; bù xiàn kě yù shǐ mín xīn bú luàn 不见可欲,使民心不乱。 shì yǐ shang r?n zhī zhì xū qí xīn shí qí fù ru? qí 是以圣人之治,虚其心,实其腹,弱其

老子道德经原文译文

老子道德经译文 《老子》第一章 道可道,非常道;名可名,非常名。无名,天地之始;有名,万物之母。故常无欲,以观其妙;常有欲,以观其徼。此两者同出而异名,同谓之玄。玄之又玄,众妙之门。 【译文】 取道于寻常可取之道,其道非恒久之道;取名于寻常可取之名,其名非恒久之名。取名于无名,就好比天地未判之初始;取名于有名,乃是万物化生之根本。所以,通常要无所趋求,以便观想那无以名状的微妙;时常又要有所趋求,以便观想那成名化物的极限。这两方面是同一行为体的不同显现,同样深及于行为体的幽深内殿。在这同样深及幽深的两者之间作不断深入的循环运行,就是一切行为运作的微妙法门。 《老子》第二章 天下皆知美之为美,斯恶矣;皆知善之为善,斯不善矣。故有无相生,难易相成,长短相形,高下相倾,音声相和,前后相随……是以圣人处无为之事,行不言之教,万物作焉而不辞,生而不有,为而不恃,功成而不居。夫唯不居,是以不去。 【译文】 天下人都知道美之所以为美,于是就有了令人嫌恶的丑;都知道善之所以为善,于是就有了反面的不善。所以,"有"与"无"相互突显,"难"与"易"相互促成,"长"与"短"相互显现,"高"与"下"相依而存,"音"与"声"相互陪衬,"前"与"后"相互照应——这些"名"相反而相成,迁延不居而不独立自足。因此,圣人从事于无所成名的事务,施行无须仗名立言的劝教,坦荡迎候万物的涌现与流变而不抵触畏避,生养了一切并不拘系自有,做成了什么并不执为仗恃,成就了事业并不矜居功名。就是因为他不矜居功名,所以他不会消逝。 《老子》第三章 不尚賢,使民不爭;不貴難得之貨,使民不為盜;不見可欲,使民心不亂。是以圣人之治,虛其心,實其腹,弱其志,強其骨。常使民無知無欲。使夫智者不敢為也。為無為,則無不治。 【译文】 不崇尚贤才异能,使人民不至于炫技逞能而争名逐利。不看重稀贵之物,使人民不做盗贼。不显露足以引起贪欲的物事,使人民的心思不至于被扰乱。因此,圣人治理天下的原则是:排弃充斥于人民心中的各种成见,满足人民的温饱需求,软化人民的犟执趋求,提高人民的自立自足能力。通常使人民不执成见、不生贪欲,使那些"智者"不敢为所欲为。从事于无所成为的作为,即可以得到全面的治理。 《老子》第四章 道沖,而用之或不盈。淵兮,似万物之宗;湛兮,似或存。吾不知誰之子,象帝之先。 【译文】 道是虚无的,但它的作用却似乎无穷无尽。它是那样的幽深莫测,像是一切存在的本源依归。它消磨了锋角,排解了纠纷,柔和了光芒,浑同于尘俗。它无形无迹呵,像是很不确定的存在。我不知道在它之上还能有什么更本源的存在,只觉得它存在于天帝之前。 《老子》第五章 天地不仁,以万物為芻狗;圣人不仁,以百姓為芻狗。天地之間,其猶橐龠乎?虛而不屈,動而愈出。 多言數窮,不如守中。 【译文】 天地无所谓仁爱之心,把万物都当作"刍狗"来看待;圣人也不执求仁爱之心,把百姓也当作"刍狗"来看待。天地之间,不正像是气囊或空管那样的大空泡吗?它虽空虚但却不会塌缩,运行之中生化不息。孜孜于仗名立言往往行不通,不如持守空虚而顺任自然。

道德经全文及注解57221

道德经全文及注解(一) 第一章 道可道,非常道。名可名,非常名。 无名,天地之始;有名,万物之母。 故常无欲,以观其妙;常有欲,以观其徼。 此两者同出而异名,同谓之玄。玄之又玄,众妙之门。 意译:“道”是可以用语言来讨论的,但通过语言这个不精确的工具表达出来的不是真正的永恒的“道”;姑且命名为“道”,但这并不是它真正的名字。“道”这个东西,本来是没有名字的,它是天地开创者;经过命名之后称之为“道”,它指的是管理我们这个世界的最高法则。不带着贪念,能体会到“道”的精妙;发挥人的主观能动性,能看到道与万物的精确关系。两者的名称虽然有差异,但是都是指向同一本体,它们同样令人惊叹,它们都是一个混沌。认识到混沌是客观事实和客观存在,是一切学问的开始。 深入探讨:这是给“道”命名的过程,也体现出语言的局限性,语言思维的局限性,非语言思维是很有价值的,笔者发现发展它的秘密在于开发右脑,而中国的教育似乎欠缺了这一点。右脑是一个值得开发的脑,例如右脑的非语言思维可以帮助我们悟“道”和高效记忆等等,右脑发达的人,才容易领悟到“道”的各种存在。一般情况下,女人的右脑都比较发达,我们男士要加把劲才行,当然,男女都需要进步。^_^老子的“道可道,非常道;名可名,非常名”,也可以体现,第一,人的认识和思维能力具有局限性,以人的能力是几乎不可能认

识理解到“道”级别规律的全部内涵的,最多认识到其中一部分和一些接近规律的并且带有局限性的一些理论,由人道出来的“道”不是精确的道,也不是全部的道;第二,人的语言有局限性的,语言是一种交流工具,同时也是制造虚伪的工具,比如你现在的心情,你可以用语言精确地表达出来吗?不行的,最多找一些比较接近实际情况的语言,可见偏差在这个时候就已经出现了,而且,听者对你所采用的语言的理解又未必同你的本意相同,可能别人对你用以表达心情的语言作出同你本意相反的理解,所以,语言虽然有它的作用,但有时其实是垃圾工具,自然地,“道”,是不能用语言这种并不高级的工具精确表现出来的,包括世界存在的任何规律亦然,人类的语言最多帮助交流的时候能够接近事实,而不能精确地表现事实。但是,我们也不能否定语言的价值,老子也没有贬低语言的价值,只是客观说明情况。高手的话,可以神似地用语言表达事物,《易经》、《道德经》这些,就是用语言文字神似地描述道的作品,否则,得道高人老子也不会采用语言的方式给我们这样的经典了。 第二章 天下皆知美之为美,斯恶已。皆知善之为善,斯不善已。 有无相生,难易相成,长短相形,高下相盈,音声相和,前后相随。恒也。 是以圣人处无为之事,行不言之教;万物作而弗始,生而弗有,为而弗恃,功成而不居。夫唯弗居,是以不去。 意译:世人不依据道,而主观形成的所谓优秀的概念,事实真相

道德经全文及译文,老子道德经全文及翻译

道德经全文及译文,老子道德经全文及翻译 各位读友大家好!你有你的木棉,我有我的文章,为了你的木棉,应读我的文章!若为比翼双飞鸟,定是人间有情人!若读此篇优秀文,必成天上比翼鸟! 道德经全文及译文,老子道德经全文及翻译【老子·第一章】道可道,非常道。名可名,非常名[1]。无名天地之始;有名万物之母。故常无,欲以观其妙;常有,欲以观其徼。此两者,同出而异名,同谓之玄。玄之又玄,众妙之门。【注释】:[1]通常译为”可以说出来的道,就不是永恒不变的道”,强调道是不可言说的。但这样的翻译,等于一开始就剥夺了老子言说真道的可能性和可靠性。其实”常”字在《老子》中多为”通常”之意。另一方面,”道”字,到老子之时,已经用得很泛:有”道路”之意,如《易经》”履道坦坦,幽人贞吉”;有”王道”之意,如《尚书》”无有作好,遵王之道” ;有”方法”之意,如《尚书》”我道惟宁王德延”;又有”言说”之意,如《诗经》”中之言,不可道也”。《尚书序》(相传为孔子所作)说:”伏牺、神农、黄帝之书,谓之三坟,言大道也。少昊、颛乙、高辛、唐、虞之书,谓之五典,言常道也”。这里用了”常道”一词,指一般的道理。又有冯友兰先生考证说,古时所谓道,均为人道,到了老子才赋与道形而上学的意义。可见,老子要宣示上天大道,必须一开始就澄清概念,强调他下面要讲的道,绝非人们一般常指的道,不是一般的道理,即非”常道”,而是……是什么呢?就要听老子娓娓道来了。【翻译】:道可以说,

但不是通常所说的道。名可以起,但不是通常所起的名。可以说他是无,因为他在天地创始之前;也可以说他是有,因为他是万物的母亲。所以,从虚无的角度,可以揣摩他的奥妙。从实有的角度,可以看到他的踪迹。实有与虚无只是说法不同,两者实际上同出一源。这种同一,就叫做玄秘。玄秘而又玄秘啊!宇宙间万般奥妙的源头。【老子·第二章】天下皆知美之为美,斯恶已。皆知善之为善,斯不善已。有无相生,难易相成,长短相形,高下相盈,音声相和,前后相随。恒也。是以圣人处无为之事,行不言之教;万物作而弗始,生而弗有,为而弗恃,功成而不居。夫唯弗居,是以不去。【翻译】:1天下的人都知道以美为美,这就是丑了。都知道以善为善,这就是恶了。2有和无是相互依存的,难和易是相互促成的,长和短互为比较,高和下互为方向,声响和回音相呼应,前边与后边相伴随。3所以,圣人从事的事业,是排除一切人为努力的事业;圣人施行的教化,是超乎一切言语之外的教化。他兴起万物却不自以为大,生养而不据为己有,施予而不自恃其能,成了也不自居其功。他不自居其功,其功却永恒不灭。【老子·第三章】不尚贤,使民不争;不贵难得之货,使民不为盗;不见可欲,使民心不乱。是以圣人之治,虚其心,实其腹,弱其志,强其骨。常使民无知无欲。使夫智者不敢为也。为无为,则无不治。【翻译】:不崇尚贤能之辈,方能使世人停止争斗。不看重珍奇财宝,方能使世人不去偷窃。不诱发邪情私欲,方能使世人平静安稳。所以,圣人掌管万民,是使他们

道德经全文及注释

道德经及全文注释 第一章 道可道,非常道。名可名,非常名。无名天地之始;有名万物之母。故常无,欲以观其妙;常有,欲以观其徼。此两者,同出而异名,同谓之玄。玄之又玄,众妙之门。 译文: 道"如果可以用言语来表述,那它就是常"道"("道"是可以用言语来表述的,它并非一般的"道");"名"如果可以用文辞去命名,那它就是常"名"("名"也是可以说明的,它并非普通的"名")。"无"可以用来表述天地浑沌未开之际的状况;而"有",则是宇宙万物产生之本原的命名。因此,要常从"无"中去观察领悟"道"的奥妙;要常从"有"中去观察体会"道"的端倪。无与有这两者,来源相同而名称相异,都可以称之为玄妙、深远。它不是一般的玄妙、深奥,而是玄妙又玄妙、深远又深远,是宇宙天地万物之奥妙的总门(从"有名"的奥妙到达无形的奥妙,"道"是洞悉一切奥妙变化的门径)。

第二章 天下皆知美之为美,斯恶已。皆知善之为善,斯不善已。 有无相生,难易相成,长短相形,高下相盈,音声相和,前后相随。恒也。 是以圣人处无为之事,行不言之教;万物作而弗始,生而弗有,为而弗恃,功成而不居。夫唯弗居,是以不去。 译文: 天下人都知道美之所以为美,那是由于有丑陋的存在。都知道善之所以为善,那是因为有恶的存在。所以有和无互相转化,难和易互相形成,长和短互相显现,高和下互相充实,音与声互相谐和,前和后互相接随--这是永恒的。因此圣人 用无为的观点对待世事,用不言的方式施行教化:听任万物自然兴起而不为其创始,有所施为,但不加自己的倾向,功成业就而不自居。正由于不居功,就无所谓失去。 第三章 不尚贤,使民不争;不贵难得之货,使民不为盗;不见可欲,使民心不乱。 是以圣人之治,虚其心,实其腹,弱其志,强其骨。常使民无知无欲。使夫智者不敢为也。为无为,则无不治。 译文: 不推崇有才德的人,导使老百姓不互相争夺;不珍爱难得的财物,导使老百姓不去偷窃;不显耀足以引起贪心的事物,导使民心不被迷乱。因此,圣人的治理原则是:排空百姓的心机,填饱百姓的肚腹,减弱百姓的竞争意图,增强百姓的筋骨体魄,经常使老百姓没有智巧,没有欲望。致使那些有才智的人也不敢妄 为造事。圣人按照"无为"的原则去做,办事顺应自然,那么,天才就不会不太平了。 第四章 道冲,而用之或不盈。渊兮,似万物之宗;湛兮,似或存。吾不知谁之子,象帝之先。 译文: 大"道"空虚开形,但它的作用又是无穷无尽。深远啊!它好象万物的祖宗。 消磨它的锋锐,消除它的纷扰,调和它的光辉,混同于尘垢。隐没不见啊,又好象实际存在。我不知道它是谁的后代,似乎是天帝的祖先。 第五章 天地不仁,以万物为刍狗;圣人不仁,以百姓为刍狗。 天地之间,其犹橐龠乎?虚而不屈,动而愈出。多言数穷,不如守中。 译文:

《道德经》老子翻译

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道德经全文及译文

道德经全文及译文 更新日期:2015-09-04工具箱道德经道德经全文道德经翻译道德经译文《老子》,又称《道德真经》《道德经》《五千言》《老子五千文》,是中国古代先秦诸子分家前的一部著作,为其时诸子所共仰,传说是春秋时期的老子李耳(似是作者、注释者、传抄者的集合体)所撰写,是道家哲学思想的重要来源。道德经分上下两篇,原文上篇《德经》、下篇《道经》,不分章,后改为《道经》37章在前,第38章之后为《德经》,并分为81章。是中国历史上首部完整的哲学著作。 【国学经典】老子道德经全文翻译(全81章) 【老子·第一章】 道可道,非常道。名可名,非常名[1]。 无名天地之始;有名万物之母。 故常无,欲以观其妙;常有,欲以观其徼。 此两者,同出而异名,同谓之玄。玄之又玄,众妙之门。 【注释】: [1]通常译为"可以说出来的道,就不是永恒不变的道",强调道是不可言说的。但这样的翻译,等于一开始就剥夺了老子言说真道的可能性和可靠性。其实"常"字在《老子》中多为"通常"之意。另一方面,"道"字,到老子之时,已经用得很泛:有"道路"之意,如《易经》"履道坦坦,幽人贞吉";有"王道"之意,如《尚书》"无有作好,遵王之道" ;有"方法"之意,如《尚书》"我道惟宁王德延";又有"言说"之意,如《诗经》"中之言,不可道也"。《尚书序》(相传为孔子所作)说:"伏牺、神农、黄帝之书,谓之三坟,言大道也。少昊、颛乙、

高辛、唐、虞之书,谓之五典,言常道也"。这里用了"常道"一词,指一般的道理。又有冯友兰先生考证说,古时所谓道,均为人道,到了老子才赋与道形而上学的意义。可见,老子要宣示上天大道,必须一开始就澄清概念,强调他下面要讲的道,绝非人们一般常指的道,不是一般的道理,即非"常道",而是……是什么呢?就要听老子娓娓道来了。 【翻译】: 道可以说,但不是通常所说的道。名可以起,但不是通常所起的名。 可以说他是无,因为他在天地创始之前;也可以说他是有,因为他是万物的母亲。 所以,从虚无的角度,可以揣摩他的奥妙。从实有的角度,可以看到他的踪迹。 实有与虚无只是说法不同,两者实际上同出一源。这种同一,就叫做玄秘。玄秘而又玄秘啊!宇宙间万般奥妙的源头。 【老子·第二章】 天下皆知美之为美,斯恶已。皆知善之为善,斯不善已。 有无相生,难易相成,长短相形,高下相盈,音声相和,前后相随。恒也。 是以圣人处无为之事,行不言之教;万物作而弗始,生而弗有,为而弗恃,功成而不居。夫唯弗居,是以不去。 【翻译】: 1 天下的人都知道以美为美,这就是丑了。都知道以善为善,这就是恶了。 2 有和无是相互依存的,难和易是相互促成的,长和短互为比较,高和下互为方向,声响和回音相呼应,前边与后边相伴随。 3 所以,圣人从事的事业,是排除一切人为努力的事业;圣人施行的教化,是超乎一切言语之外的教化。他兴起万物却不自以为大,生养而不据为己有,施予而不自恃其能,成了也不自居其功。他不自居其功,其功却永恒不灭。 【老子·第三章】 不尚贤,使民不争;不贵难得之货,使民不为盗;不见可欲,使民心不乱。

《道德经》注音版第五十三章原文及译文

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带(dài)利(lì)剑(jiàn),厌(yàn)饮(yǐn)食(shí), 财(cái)货(huò)有(yǒu)馀(yú);是(shì)为(wéi)盗(dào)夸(kuā)。 非(fēi)道(dào)也(yě)哉(zāi)! 【译文】 “使我介然有知,行于大道,唯施是畏。” 若使我介然有知,行大道于天下,最担心我会不自觉的施为于天下。 “大道甚夷,而人好径。” 虽然大道荡然平坦,仍然有许多人弃之而走途径,不走正路。 “朝甚除,田甚芜,仓甚虚;服文采,带利剑,厌饮食,财货有馀” 不走正路者,他们使朝纲混乱、田地荒凉、仓库空虚;而他们自己却,穿锦衣、配利剑、酒肉挥霍,并且贪污抢夺百姓的财

货。 “是为盗夸。非道也哉!” 这些人才是真正的强盗,这种行为完全的背离了大道。 扩展阅读:《道德经》内容简介 《道德经》,又称《道德真经》、《老子》、《五千言》、《老子五千文》,是中国古代先秦诸子分家前的一部著作,为其时诸子所共仰,传说是春秋时期的老子(李耳)所撰写,是道家哲学思想的重要来源。道德经分上下两篇,原文上篇《德经》、下篇《道经》,不分章,后改为《道经》37章在前,第38章之后为《德经》,并分为81章。文本以哲学意义之“道德”为纲宗,论述修身、治国、用兵、养生之道,而多以政治为旨归,乃所谓“内圣外王”之学,文意深奥,包涵广博。 《道德经》的总字数因为版本不同而有所差异:马王堆帛书,甲本为5344字,乙本为5342字(外加重文124字);今本,河上公《道德经章句》为5201字(外加重文94字),王弼《老子道德经注》为5162字(外加重文106字),傅奕《道德经古本》为5450字(外加重文106字)。 现代《道德经》通行本,是以王弼所注,字数为5162字。

道德经全文及译文老子道德经全文及翻译

道德经全文及译文,老子道德经全文及翻译 【老子·第一章】道可道,专门道。名可名,专门名[1]。 无名天地之始;有名万物之母。 故常无,欲以观其妙;常有,欲以观其徼。 此两者,同出而异名,同谓之玄。玄之又玄,众妙之门。 【注释】: [1]通常译为"能够讲出来的道,就不是永恒不变的道",强调道是不可言讲的。但如此的翻译,等于一开始就剥夺了老子言讲真道的可能性和可靠性。事实上"常"字在《老子》中多为"通常"之意。另一方面,"道"字,到老子之时,差不多用得非常泛:有"道路"之意,如《易经》"履道坦坦,幽人贞吉";有"王道"之意,如《尚书》"无有作好,遵王之道" ;有"方法"之意,如《尚书》"我道惟宁王德延";又有"言讲"之意,如《诗经》"中之言,不可道也"。《尚书序》(相传为孔子所作)讲:"伏牺、神农、黄帝之书,谓之三坟,言大道也。少昊、颛乙、高辛、唐、虞之书,谓之五典,言常道也"。那个地点用了"常道"一词,指一般的道理。又有冯友兰先生考证讲,古时所谓道,均为人道,到了老子才赋与道形而上学的意义。可见,老子要宣示上天大道,必须一开始就澄清概念,强调他下面要讲的道,绝非人们一般常指的道,不是一般的道理,即非"常道",而是……是什么呢?就要听老子娓娓道来了。 【翻译】: 道能够讲,但不是通常所讲的道。名能够起,但不是通常所起的名。 能够讲他是无,因为他在天地创始之前;也能够讲他是有,因为他是万物的母亲。 因此,从虚无的角度,能够揣摩他的奥妙。从实有的角度,能够看到他的踪迹。 实有与虚无只是讲法不同,两者实际上同出一源。这种同一,就叫做玄秘。玄秘而又玄秘啊!宇宙间万般奥妙的源头。 【老子·第二章】天下皆知美之为美,斯恶已。皆知善之为善,斯不善已。 有无相生,难易相成,长短相形,高下相盈,音声相和,前后相随。恒也。 是以圣人处无为之事,行不言之教;万物作而弗始,生而弗有,为而弗恃,功成而不居。夫唯弗居,是以不去。 【翻译】: 1天下的人都明白以美为美,这就是丑了。都明白以善为善,这就是恶了。 2有和无是相互依存的,难和易是相互促成的,长和短互为比较,高和下互为方向,声响和

英文版道德经

英文版道德经 1. The Way The Way that can be experienced is not true; The world that can be constructed is not true. The Way manifests all that happens and may happen; The world represents all that exists and may exist. To experience without intention is to sense the world; To experience with intention is to anticipate the world. These two experiences are indistinguishable; Their construction differs but their effect is the same. Beyond the gate of experience flows the Way, Which is ever greater and more subtle than the world. 2. Abstraction When beauty is abstracted Then ugliness has been implied; When good is abstracted Then evil has been implied. So alive and dead are abstracted from nature, Difficult and easy abstracted from progress, Long and short abstracted from contrast, High and low abstracted from depth, Song and speech abstracted from melody, After and before abstracted from sequence. The sage experiences without abstraction, And accomplishes without action; He accepts the ebb and flow of things, Nurtures them, but does not own them, And lives, but does not dwell. 3. Without Action Not praising the worthy prevents contention, Not esteeming the valuable prevents theft, Not displaying the beautiful prevents desire. In this manner the sage governs people: Emptying their minds, Filling their bellies, Weakening their ambitions, And strengthening their bones. If people lack knowledge and desire Then they can not act; If no action is taken Harmony remains. 4. Limitless The Way is a limitless vessel; Used by the self, it is not filled by the world;

道德经经典名句总结

《道德经》经典名句及其译文 一、关于认识论的句子 1.有无之相生,难易之相成,长短之相刑,高下之相盈,音声之相和,先后之相随,恒也。 【译文】有和无互相转化,难和易互相形成,长和短互相显现,高和下互相充实,音与声互相谐和,前和后互相接随——这是永恒的。 2.不知常,妄作凶。 【译文】不认识事物的运动变化规律,盲目乱干、胡作非为,就会出现凶险。 3.大道废,有仁义;智慧出,有大伪;六亲不和,有孝慈;国家昏乱,有忠臣。 【译文】因为大道废弃了,才提倡(有了)“仁义”。聪明智慧(逐权夺利、投机取巧的心机)出现了,有了狡诈和虚伪。家庭六亲之间不和睦了,才需要推崇孝慈。国家昏乱了,才出现贞节、忠诚之臣。 4.曲则全,枉则直,洼则盈,敝则新,少则得,多则惑。 【译文】委曲反能保全,屈枉反能伸直,低洼反能充盈,敝旧反能生新,少取反能多得,贪多反而迷惑。 5.飘风不终朝,骤雨不终日。 【译文】狂风刮不到一个早晨,暴雨下不了一整天。 6.企者不立,跨者不行。 【译文】踮起脚尖想要站得高,反而站立不住;跃起大步想要快走,反而行走不快。 7.轻则失根,躁则失君。 【译文】轻举就会失去自身存在的根本,狂躁妄为就会失去主控的权能。 8.物壮则老。 【译文】事物强壮了就趋于老化。 9.以其终不自为大,故能成其大。 【译文】正因为他不自以为伟大,所以才能成就它的伟大、完成它的伟大。 10.故贵以贱为本,高以下为基。 【译文】贵以贱为根本,高以下为基础。 11.固至誉无誉。 【译文】最高的荣誉无须赞美称誉。 12.天下万物生于有,有生于无。 【译文】天下万物产生于看得见的有形质,看得见的有形质产生于看不见的无形质。 13.万物负阴而抱阳,冲气以为和。 【译文】万物背阴而向阳,并且在阴阳二气的互相激荡交冲下而成新的和谐体。 14.天下之至柔,驰骋天下之至坚。 【译文】天下最柔弱的东西,腾越穿行于最坚硬的东西中。 15.大成若缺,其用不弊。大盈若冲,其用不穷。大直若屈,大巧若拙,大辩若讷。躁胜寒,静胜热,清 静为天下正。 【译文】最完满的东西好似欠缺,但它的作用不会衰竭。最充盈的东西好似空虚,但它的作用不会穷尽。 最正直的东西好似枉屈,最灵巧的东西好似笨拙,最卓越的辩才好似不善言辞。不停地动作可以战胜寒冷,安静能克服暑热,清静无为才能统治天下。 16.祸兮,福之所倚;福兮,祸之所伏。孰知其极?其无正也。正复为奇,善复为妖。 【译文】灾祸啊,幸福依傍在它的里面;幸福啊,灾祸藏伏在它的里面。谁能知道究竟是灾祸呢还是幸福呢?它们并没有确定的标准。正忽然转变为邪的,善忽然转变为恶的。 17.为无为,事无事,味无味。大小多少,报怨以德。图难于其易,为大于其细。天下难事,必作于易; 天下大事,必作于细。是以圣人终不为大,故能成其大。夫轻诺必寡信,多易必多难。是以圣人犹难之,故终无难矣。

道德经(中英对照)

《道德经》中英文对照版 第一章:道可道,非常道;名可名,非常名。无名,天地之始;有名,万物之母。故常无欲,以观其妙;常有欲,以观其徼。此两者,同出而异名,同谓之玄。玄之又玄,众妙之门。 The Way that can be told of is not an Unvarying Way;The names that can be named are not unvarying names. It was from the Nameless that Heaven and Earth sprang;The named is but the mother that rears the ten thousand creatures,each after its kind. Truly,‘Only he that rids himself forever of desire can see the Secret Essences’;He that has never rid himself of desire can see only the Outcomes. These two things issued from the same mould,but nevertheless are different in name. This‘same mould’we can but call the Mystery,Or rather the‘Darker than any Mystery’,The Doorway whence issued all Secret Essences. 第二章:天下皆知美之为美,斯恶已;皆知善之为善,斯不善已。故有无相生,难易相成,长短相形,高下相倾,音声相和,前后相随。是以圣人处无为之事,行不言之教,万物作焉而不辞,生而不有,为而不恃,功成而弗居。夫唯弗居,是以不去。 It is because every one under Heaven recognizes beauty as beauty,that the idea of ugliness exists. And equally if every one recognized virtue as virtue,this would merely create fresh conceptions of wickedness. For truly‘Being and Not-being grow out of one another;Difficult and easy complete one another. Long and short test one another;High and low determine one another. Pitch and mode give harmony to one another. Front and back give sequence to one another’。Therefore[1] the Sage relies on actionless activity,Carries on wordless teaching,But the myriad creatures are worked upon by him;he does not disown them. He rears them,but does not lay claim to them,Controls them,but does not lean upon them,Achieves his aim,but does not call attention[2] to what he does;And for the very reason that he does not call attention to what he does He is not ejected from fruition of what he has done. [1]Because‘action’can only make one thing high at the expense of making something else low,etc. [2]Literally,‘does not place(i.e.classify)himself as a victor’。cf. MenciusⅡ,Ⅰ; 第三章:不尚贤,使民不争;不贵难得之货,使民不为盗;不见可欲,使民心不乱。是以圣人之治,虚其心,实其腹;弱其志,强其骨。常使民无知无欲,使夫智不敢为也。为无为,则无不治。 If we stop looking for‘persons of superior morality’(hsien)to put in power,there will be no more jealousies among the people. If we cease to set store by products that are hard to get,there will be no more thieves. If the people never see such things as excite desire,their hearts will remain placid and undisturbed. Therefore the Sage rules By emptying their hearts And filling their bellies,Weakening their intelligence[1] And toughening their sinews Ever striving to make the people knowledgeless and desireless. Indeed he sees to it that if there be any who have knowledge,they dare not interfere. Yet through his actionless activity all things are duly regulated. [1]Particularly in the sense of‘having ideas of one’s own‘。 第四章:道冲而用之,或不盈。渊兮,似万物之宗。(挫其锐,解其纷,和其光,同其尘。)湛兮,似或存。吾不知谁之子,象帝之先。 The Way is like an empty vessel That yet may be drawn from Without ever needing to be filled. It is bottomless;the very progenitor of all things in the world. In it all sharpness is blunted,All tangles untied,All glare tempered,All dust[1] smoothed. It is like a deep pool that never dries. Was it too the child of something else?We cannot tell. But as a substanceless image[2] it existed before the Ancestor.[3]

史上最全的老子《道德经》全文(翻译_)

《老子五千言》(道德经)全文及译解 前言: <为老子五千言正名>:2500多年前,老子避世隐居时路过函谷关,被关令尹喜挽留,相谈甚恰。尹喜深感老子讲的内容无比重要,恳请老子写下来以传后世。于是,老子写下了五千言。尹喜为了不让老子五千言失传,亲自操刀刻简,使老子之说得以传世,称为《老子》。 至于称老子五千言为《道德经》,是道教发展之后才出现的。先秦的韩非作《解老》、《喻老》。司马迁《史记》说言道德之事五千言。东汉顺帝时张道陵作《老子想尔注》。随着道教的发展,道教中开始称老子五千言为《道德经》,从曹魏王弼注释《道德经》可见一斑。 老子五千言博大精深,是中国文化之根。但是,在很长一段历史中,都把老子五千言称之为《道德经》,这实在是一种错误。因此,必须为老子五千言正名,定名为《老子》。 尊重历史,还老子五千言之名的本来面目。春秋战国,是我国历史上思想最为活跃的年代,百花齐放,百家争鸣,史称诸子百家。虽然,老子为诸子百家之源,在其上而不在其内,但传世之初也称之为《老子》。因此,将老子五千言定名为《老子》,才符合历史事实。 尊重老子,真实体现老子本人的意愿。老子在世之时,没有组织宗教团体。老子应邀而写的五千言,也并非宗教著作。后来,被道教奉为祖师,再后来被道教恭称为《道德经》。显而易见,《道德经》名字的出现,是道教发展的结果。在道教之内如何称呼老子五千言,那是宗教界的事情,但是在学术界应称老子五千言为《老子》,这才是尊重老子,因为这才符合老子本人的意愿。 尊重科学,准确反映老子五千言之内涵。老子五千言,包括“道”、德、修道、行道(圣人)四个方面内容,称为《道德经》没有完全反映老子五千言的内涵。因此,称为《老子》才能够准确地涵盖老子五千言的内容。 为老子五千言正名,定名为《老子》,既有利于弘扬中国传统文化,更有利于使老学发扬广大。 道的含义:1、构成世界的本体。2、创造宇宙的原动力。3、促使万物运转的规律。4、作为人类行为的准则。 总体上,道可以被认为是一切事物存在的根源,是自然界中最初的发动者,它具有无限的潜在力和创造力,天地间万物的蓬勃生机都是它发动和创造的,遵循着固有的规律。 无为的含义:通过无为产生有为。比如说“不尚贤”,就是建立一个良好的制度让人才脱颖而出,而不是让政府劳师动众地挖掘人才,导致民众为贤人之名争的头破血流。经济发展也是这样,只要政府创造一个良好的制度就可以,让人民自己去创造,政府不要插手搞计划经济或国有企业。政府主要是搞个好制度,为百姓服务,宏观调控,做一些基础设施建设和社会保障、教育、治安方面的事情。民间能做的事情尽量让民间去做。苏南模式比不过浙江模式就是这个道理。 现代的中国社会虽然已经呈现出了多元化的发展格局,政权力量的触角已经不能像过去那样无孔不入了,但是无为而治就是自由的说法并没有过时,想解决腐败问题吗?那就不要进行言论管制,让公民拥有充分的舆论监督的权利;想解决矿难欠薪等问题吗?那就不要干涉各种维权活动,让劳工们享有自发组织工会和参加集体谈判的权利;想解决国有企业的问题吗?那就公平的私有化,国家不要再去费思劳神;想建设公民社会扩大民主吗?那就不要一天光想着怎么领导人民,而是还公民结社、自治的种种权利……只有从有为开始,损之又损,不断扩大无为而治的范围,公民的自由度才能逐渐扩大,政府才能靠公民的自为实现无为而无不为,才能靠公民的自治实现无治而无不治。也只有这样,才能从根本上解决中央政府在反腐败、欠薪、国有企业、失地、矿难等等问题上事倍功半顾此失彼的尴尬局面。可以说,无为而治不仅是还公民们以自由,也是还政府以自由;不仅是还民间以自由,也是还官方以自由。司马迁说:“道家无为……旨约而易操,事少而功多”。

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