Lesson 3 Matterhorn man
-Matterhorn['m?t?:,h?:n]n.马特洪峰（阿尔卑斯山峰之一，位于瑞士与意大利之间的边境）New words and expressions
1.alpinist['?lp?n?st]n. 登山家/登山运动员(高水平的攀爬)
-climber['kla?m?]n.1.攀缘植物 2.攀高枝者(＝social climber) 3.登山者/攀岩者
4.爬杆脚扣/铁钉助爬器
-mountaineer[ma?nt?'n??] n登山者vi .climb mountains for pleasure as a sport
-alps[?lps] n. 阿尔卑斯山脉/山
-alpine['?l pa?n]adj.1.阿尔卑斯山的/居民的 2.生长于树木线以上的/高山生长的
3. 具有阿尔卑斯人种特征的
2.pioneer[pa??'n??]n.1.先驱/开拓者 2.拓荒者vt.1.开辟 2.首创/倡导
3.拓荒
-pioneering[pa??'n??r??]adj. 开创性的/首创的
Yu Minhong pioneered XDF in 1993, and eventually became a pioneer in the foreign languages training realm.
3.summit['s?m?t]n.1.政府领导会议/首脑会议=summit meeting (国家之间)元首级会谈/峰会
2.最高水平/阶层/最大程度
3.顶点(山/山丘)
vt.到达……山顶
-peak[pi?k]n.1.峰值 2.鼎盛时期 3.最高水平/阶层/最大程度 4.顶点
5.一个V形
6.(帽子等的)帽舌/遮檐
v.1.(使)达到最高峰 2.(使)达到最大量 3.变消瘦peak and pine 变得消瘦且憔悴adj. 1.最高/最大量的 2.高峰的peak hours 高峰时间peak season 旺季The scenery ['si?n?r?]风景;舞台布景is at the peak of the mountain.无限风光在顶峰。
-top[t?p]n.1.任何东西上部[top to toe 从头到脚] 2.一切东西最顶部
3.[美][棒球](一局比赛的)前半局=the first half上半场
4.最高水平/阶层/最大程度at the top of
5.[船舶学]桅楼/桅杆台
6.陀螺玩具
7.外套(女)
8.[美国俚语](尤指马戏团的)大帐篷
v.1.超过 2.不接触的跳过/越过 3.在…...最高点；组成/构成了……顶部
4.比……强/优秀
5.提供盖(或顶) ；给…加盖(或顶)
6.到达/升到……顶部
7.【体育】击球的上部/击(球)使向前旋转8.切断/截去顶端to top a tall tree
9.成为最终的结果
10.结束/完结They topped off their dinner with a cognac ;
top the evening with champagne
4.attain[?'te?n]v.1.经过努力得到/到达 2.出乎意料的发现/找到/获得
-attain one’s goal=realize['ri??la?z]=attain to 达到/获得/实现
-conquer['k??k?]v.1.克制/武力镇压conquer one's desires 2.武力掠夺
3.征服/打败conquer your fears conquer a country
- get to到达
-arrive at/in到达
-attain one’s goal=realize= attain to=attain
-attain the top/peak/summit达到顶点
-attainment[?'te?nm(?)nt]=accomplishment [?'k?mpl??m(?)nt; ?'k?m-]
n. 1.达到/完成……的行为 2. [常作复数]技能/学识
-the attainment of independence his attainment of puberty was delayed by malnutrition
形近词：
-obtain[?b'te?n] vt/vi1. 获得How did you obtain the visa?
-sustain[s?'ste?n] v.1.延长(空间/时间) 2.经受(伤痛/疾病) 3.提供营养(物)
4.保持/维持
5.确认/证明…合法
6.用……使稳固/证实/加强
-detain[d?'te?n] vt. 1.拘留； 2.使停止/暂停 3.耽搁，使延迟
-retain[r?'te?n] vt.1.保存This soil retains water ; I retain this drug for a long time
2.仍然是；保留在……位置=remain She retains a lawyer
3.保持于脑中…… I cannot retain so much information
5.perilous['per?l?s]adj.让人担惊受怕的
-a perilous voyage['v???d?] across the Atlantic in a small boat
-peril['per?l]n.1. (损失东西的/遭受不幸的)危险的情形 2.冒险
vt.1.威胁……；使……危险 2.置……于危险中/不利条件/困境的环境中
-precarious[pr?'ke?r??s]adj.1.靠不住的a precarious truce
2.担惊受怕的the precarious life of an undersea diver
3.不安全的a precarious footing on the ladder
-avalanche['?v?lɑ:nt?] n/v雪崩；
-risk[r?sk]1. (损失东西的/遭受不幸的)危险的情形 2.感染危险性 3.曝光的风险vt.1.冒…的危险 2.冒险干…
-risky['r?sk?]adj.1.危险的 2.担风险的 3.冒险的
-dangerous['de?nd??r?s]adj. 危险的
6.shudder['??d?] n1.战栗(恐惧/惊吓/疾病) v.1.冷的发抖 2.恐惧/兴奋神经性的抽动-shiver ['??v?]n.1.战栗(恐惧/惊吓/兴奋) v.1. 恐惧/兴奋神经性的抽动 2.冷的发抖
-tremble ['tremb?l] n/vi颤抖；战栗；摇晃；发抖；v.1.摇晃；战栗
-quiver['kw?v?] n.1.战栗(动作) 2.箭袋 3.震动行为
vt/vi. 1.抖动大动作颤抖 2.震动 3.有规则的交替行为
7.court （multiple['m?lt?pl] meanings['m?n??z]多义词）
-courtier ['k??t??] n. 朝臣；奉承者；谄媚者
-courteous['k??tj?s] adj. 彬彬有礼的；谦恭的
-court [k??t] n. 法院；球场；朝廷；奉承；求婚
vt. 招致（失败、危险等）；追求；求婚
-pride[pra?d]n.1.自尊心 2.对成就/成绩满意/自豪take pride in 3.自大/骄傲
4.一群狮子
v.be proud of以……而骄傲
pride oneself on以…自鸣得意He prides himself on making it into law school
同义词：
-pursue[p?'sju?] v.1.从事(工作)/参加(活动) 3.追赶/尾随 4.寻求/追求 5.继续干
-woo [wu?] vt. 1.追求/向…求爱 2.寻求喜欢的东西
-hunt for 搜寻/寻找
8.solitary['s?lit?ri] n.1.单独拘禁=solitary confinement 2.遁世者/隐居者
adj.1.喜欢孤独的/不喜交往的 2.单独的 3.孤单的
4.单个的= alone [?'l??n]
5.隐蔽而遥远的 a solitary retreat 一个偏僻的住所-solitude['s?l?tju?d]n.1.孤独 2.隐居 3.寂寞 4.偏僻(或荒凉)的地方
I live in solitude.=I live a lonely life. ['l??nl?]adj.
*前缀-sol-独*
-solo['s??l??]n.1.独奏/独唱 2.独奏曲adj.1.独奏的/独唱的 2.单独的
vi. 单独表演;独唱；独奏；vt. 单人攀登；单独驾机【航空学】
9.impoverish[?m'p?v?r??] vt. 1.使贫穷 2.使(力气、资源等)枯竭
-poor[p??] adj. 1.贫穷的 2.可怜的 3.贫乏的（口语词）
poverty['p?v?t?]n. 1.贫困 2.缺少 2.低劣
罗素名言：
A great many[?'l??n] man will cheerfully face impoverishment if they can secure有把握的complete ruin for their rival['ra?vl] hence[hens]因此present现在的level of taxation[t?k'se???n].
许多人会高兴的面对贫困，如果他们能使对手落魄，因此出现了现在的税收水平。
- rival ['ra?vl] n.对手/竞争者vt.与…竞争vi.竞争
-taxation[t?k'se???n]n.1.征税 2.税款
-tax[t?ks]n.1.税/税款 2.义务vt.1.对…征税 2.向(政府)缴税
10.settlement['set?lm?nt]n.1.处理/解决 2.定居/安顿/稳定 3.移民/殖民(地)
4.[会计] 结算
5.下陷/下沉
11.ridden['r?dn] adj.难以摆脱的
-rid[r?d] vt.使摆脱(常与of 连用)；
-flea-ridden [fl i?] adj. 充满跳蚤的debt-ridden adj. 债务缠身的fear-ridden恐惧缠身的
-crisis-ridden 危机重重的
-crisis['kra?s?s] n.1. 危机 2.转折点/阶段
12.coarse[k??s]adj. 1.(质地)粗糙的 2.俗气的 3.下等的/低级的 4.粗鲁的
-unrefined[?nr?'fa?nd] adj.1.未提炼的/未加工的 2. (人)庸俗的
How can a refined girl be drawn to such an unrefined man?
- be drawn to 被…所吸引
-How can 怎么能够/哪能/怎会
-rough[r?f] n. (高尔夫球场上平坦球道两旁的)深草障碍区域
v.1.预先准备……; 2.画出…的轮廓(常与in或out连用)：
adj.1. (质地)粗糙的 2.人或行为庸俗的 3.粗略的 4.充满艰苦/磨砺的
5.烦躁的
6.刺耳的
7.好斗的
8.高低不平的/崎岖的
9.未修剪的10.鲁莽的/笨拙的11.不完善的12.残忍的/不文明的
-coarse fare粗粮[fe?]
-refined fare细粮
-in a coarse manner方式粗暴无礼
13.boast[b??st]n.自夸/吹牛vt.1.夸耀/显摆 2.拥有
以人作主语sb boast of /about sth，夸耀；
以物作主语sth boast sth，拥有
He boasted that of his knowledge.
14.shelter['?elt?] n.1.避难所/躲避风雨的地方 2.保护 3.收容所
vt. 1.保护 2.(为避税而)把(利润)用于再投资
-shelter forest[林]防护林
-forest['f?r?st] n.森林/林地vt.植树于/使成为森林
-shelter from保护某人不受打击
15.parishioner[p?'ri??n?] n. 教区居民
-parish['p?r??]n. 1.教区 2.主教管区中牧师管辖的行政区
16.shepherd['?ep?d]n.牧羊人vt. 1.牧羊 2.管看
17.accustom[?'k?st?m]vt.使习惯于
-be accustomed to+ 名词、动名词
-accustom oneself to养成…的习惯;使自己习惯于
- used to + 名词、动名词习惯于I am used to the life in Beijing. I am used to living in Beijing. - used to do 过去常常
18.linen['l?n?n]n. 1.亚麻布(或纱、线) 2.亚麻织物 3.[常复数]亚麻制品(如服装/床用品等) Notes on the text
What was the main objective of early mountain climbers?
-objective[?b'd?ektiv, ?b-]n.1.目标(客观的/理性的) 2.[光]物镜
adj.1.客观的/理性的 2.宾格的
第一段
1.句子分析
Modern alpinists try to climb mountains by a route which will give them good sport, and the more difficult it is, the more highly it is regarded. In the pioneering days however, this was not the case at all. The early climbers were looking for the easiest way to the top because the summit was the prize they sought, especially if it (summit) had never been attained before (they sought). It is true that during their explorations they often faced difficulties and dangers of the most perilous nature, equipped (so poor) in a manner which would make a modern climber shudder at the thought (their poor equipment), but they did not go out of their way to court such excitement. They had a single aim, a solitary goal--the top!
-route[ru:t]n. 1.路线/路v.经具体的路线送
-sport[sp?:t] 1.运动 2.运动职业 3.运动员 4.[生物学]基因突变产生的生物
5.娱乐/消遣
6.愚弄对象v.1.显摆/夸耀 2.玩耍/嬉戏/游戏
- regard[r?'gɑ?d] n.1.尊重 2.(对孩子/无助者)特别关照 3.[复数]致意/问候 4.凝视
5.(欣赏的)态度v.1.deem to be[di?m] 2.周到地考虑/重视 3.涉及/与…有关-regard as 把…认作
-regard( sb) with…… (对……)持……态度
Dad, I regard you with horror. ['h?r?]n. 惊骇;恐惧
-disregard[disri'ɡɑ:d]n. 1.忽视 2.疏忽/怠慢(故意疏忽)/不尊重
v.1.不顾/不理会 2.不尊重/忽视/不重视
-prize[praiz]n.1.奖品/奖金 2.赃物/掠夺物/横财(非法) 3.奖杯
v.1.珍视/珍藏/珍爱 2.撬起/撬开 3.对……重视
adj.顶级的/优质的prize carnations[kɑ:'nei??n]n. 1.[园艺]康乃馨 2.肉色adj.肉红色的-sought[s?:t]seek的过去式和过去分词seek[si?k] v寻求/寻找/探索sought-sought
- at the thought of一想到=at the mention of= at the idea of一想起…(就)
-go out of one's way 特意/故意/自愿=do sth on purpose=intentionally [in'ten??nli]
-a(n)+adj+N=a+N+of+a(n)+adj.+nature性质
dangers of the most perilous nature=The most perilous danger
a sincere person=a person of a sincere nature[s?n's??]adj.真诚的；
-in a manner =in a way 在一定程度上/可以说
第二段
1.句子分析
It is hard for us to realize nowadays how difficult it was for the pioneers. Except for one or two places such as Zermatt and Chamonix, which had rapidly become popular，Alpine villages tended to be impoverished settlements定居点cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such inns as there were were generally dirty and flea-ridden; the food simply local cheese[t?i?z] accompanied by bread[bred] often twelve[twelv] months old, all washed[w??] down with coarse wine.[wa?n]
-nowadays['na??de?z] n/adv. 现如今/当今
-cut off=which are cut off
- Except for/that…,主句(排除不同类别或同类中的一部分)
The essay is well written except for some misspellings.
I can answer all the questions except for the last one.同类部分排除
-except(不用于句首，同类排除)
The office is open every day except Sundays.
You can have any of the cakes except this one.
- such as 比如
-rapid['r?pid]n.急流adj.迅速的
-rapidly['r?p?dl?]adv.迅速地
-impoverished[im'p?v?ri?t]adj.1.穷困的 2.破产的
-Such inns as there were were generally dirty.
-as there were 有两种理解方式
A such 后多用as 引导定语从句（最准确）
B as there were 插入语可以这么说
-as it were 可以说
-as it is 事实
This book is, as it were, his life portrait.['p??tr?t]n. 肖像；
这本书，可是说，是他的人生写照。
主语Such negotiations[n?g????'e???n]谈判as there have recently been, about the possibility[,p?s?'b?l?t?]可能性of introducing a 35-hour working week, have highlighted使突出some of the difficulties.（such后as 引导定从）
因为他们最近已经进行的这个关于引进一周35小时工作制的可能性的谈判，已经突出了一些难题。
2.句子分析
Often a valley boasted no inn at all, and climbers found shelter wherever they could--sometimes with the local priest[pri?st] (who was usually as poor as his parishioners[p?'r???n?]), sometimes with shepherds['?ep?d] or cheese-makers. Invariably the background was the same: dirt and poverty, and very uncomfortable. For men accustomed to eating seven-course dinners and sleeping between fine linen sheets at home, the change to the Alps must have been very hard indeed.
-valley['v?l?]n.山谷
-cheese[t?i?z]n.[食品] 奶酪；
-i nvariably[?n've?r??bl?]adv.不变地
-invariable[?n've?r??b?l]n.1.常数/不变量adj.1.不变的 2.恒定的
-change to 更改为Education brings[br??] great change to his outlook.(view on life)
教育使他的面貌（对生活的看法）产生了很大变化。
-outlook['a?tl?k] n.1.心态/人生观 2.前景 3.眺望/瞭望
此句真实性有待探究
Invariably the background was the same: dirt名词and poverty名词，and very uncomfortable.形容词
（薛老师指出uncomfortable 是与the same并列并非与dirt并列）
知识拓展
句型练习表示让步的句型
A It is true that those (定从)who are born in the purple have many advantages, but they pay dearly昂贵地for them.
-born in the purple 出身显贵
-purple['p??p(?)l] n.1.紫色 2.帝位/王位he was born to the purple
v.1.使成紫色 2.变紫adj. 1.紫色的 2.帝王的 3.辞藻完美的
-dearly['d??l?]adj.1.真诚的/由衷的 2.昂贵地 3.充满深情地/一往情深地
B Granted adv的确, life is a tragedy at times有时and a comedy very often, but as a rule通常来说it is what we choose to make it.
-granted['ɡrɑ?nt?d] adv.的确;conj.诚然
-comedy ['k?m?d?] n.1. 喜剧； 2.有趣的事情
-comedic [k?'mi?d?k]adj. 喜剧的
-tragedy['tr?d??d?]1.灾难 2.悲剧(戏剧)
-tragic['tr?d??k] adj. 1.令人极为沮丧的/悲痛的[亦作tragical]， 2.悲剧性的
C While it is true that oddballs are generally unwelcome, some degree of tolerance容忍is reasonably necessary. ['nesis?ri]
-oddball['?db??l]n. 怪人；怪胎adj.古怪的
-tolerance['t?l?r?ns]n. 1.公差 2.宽容/容忍 3.忍耐力
2.regard 重视
They usually assume with good reason, that others regard them highly, even envy['env?] them. -reason['ri:z?n]n. 1.原因/理由 2.理解力 3.合理性
v.1.推理出/推论出=reason out 2.劝说/讲道理(常与with连用)
- season ['si?z(?)n]n. 1.一段时间 2.季节v.1.给...…加香料/调味 2. 使适应
3.使缓和/使合适
3.模拟写作
It is hard for us to realize how difficult it was for him to pursue a Ph.D degree. He was born in a farmer’s family in an impoverished village, which is cut off from civilization by the high mountains. Such villages as there are backward and insular. While at the university, he was very assiduous and, to alleviate his family’s severe financial burdens, worked all the way through his four years’ education. God favors prepared minds. Now he has been enrolled by Harvard for post-doctoral program. For anyone with such a humble background, the change to the fast-growing world must be very hard indeed.
- Ph.D哲学博士(= Doctor of Philosophy)
- degree [d?'gri?]n.1.某一级/度 2.程度 3.学位 4.温度的单位：度
5. 角度；弧度
6. (形容词、副词的)级,等级
7. 严重性
- backward ['b?kw?d] adj. 1.向后的 2. 落后的 3. (智力上)迟钝的/弱智的
adv=[backwards]=.1.向后； 2. 相反地 3.追溯过去
- insular ['insjul?, 'ins?-]adj.1.海岛的 2. 思想狭隘的/有偏见的 3. 孤立的
- insulation [,insju'lei??n, 'ins?-] n.1.孤立 2.绝缘(或隔热、隔音)材料
3. 【物理学】绝缘；隔热；隔音
- insulate ['insjuleit, 'ins?-]v.1.使绝缘/使隔热/使隔音/使隔冷 2. 隔离/使孤立；
- isolate ['ais?leit, -lit] v.1. 隔离/使孤立 2. 【化学】使离析
- isolation ['ais?'lei??n] n.1. 隔离/分离状态 2.隔离行为 3. 脱离
- assiduous [?'si dju?s] adj. 刻苦的/勤勉的
- alleviate [?'li:vieit] vt. 1.减轻身体疼痛， 2.减轻；使轻松
- severe [s?'v??] adj.1.剧烈的/严重的 2.强有力的 3. 简洁的/朴素的 4.危险的
-burden ['b?:d?n]1.负担 2. 负重 3. 主旨/主题/中心思想
v.1.使负重=weight down=使负重担/加重量于
2.分给……一个任务/ 给……一个责任
-all the way 一路上/自始至终；
-mind[ma?nd]1. 头脑/智力 2.回忆/记忆力 3. 有才智的人 4.注意力
5. 想法/意见
v. 1.[多用于否定句或疑问句] 介意； 2.关于/涉及 3. 看管/照看
4. 留心/当心/留神
5.记住
-enroll [in'r?ul]n.作为一名成员/参与者正式注册/登记
-Harvard['hɑ:v?d] n. 哈佛大学
-post-doctoral adj. 博士后的
-post-doctor['d?kt?]博士后
-doctoral ['d?kt?r?l] adj. 博士的/博士学位的
-humble['h?mbl] v.1.使谦恭/使谦卑 2. 使卑贱/贬低/羞辱
adj.1.低级的/下等的 2. 谦虚的/谦恭的 3. (自我感觉)卑微的/卑下的
新概念第三册Lesson40~42课文及翻译 新概念第三册Lesson40课文及翻译 【课文】 It has never been explained why university students seem to enjoy practical jokes more than anyone else. Students specialize in a particular type of practical joke： the hoax. Inviting the fire brigade to put out a nonexistent fire is a crude form of deception which no self-respecting student would ever indulge in. Students often create amusing situations which are funny to everyone except the victims. When a student recently saw two workmen using a pneumatic drill outside his university, he immediately telephoned the police and informed them that two students dressed up as workmen were tearing up the road with a pneumatic drill. As soon as he had hung up, he went over to the workmen and told them that if a policeman ordered them to go away, they were not to take him seriously. He added that a student had dressed up as a policeman and was playing all sorts of silly jokes on people. Both the police and the workmen were grateful to the student for this piece of advance information. The student hid in an archway nearby where he could watch and hear everything that went on. Sure enough, a policeman arrived on the scene and politely asked the workmen to go away. When he received a very rude reply from one of the workmen, he threatened to remove them by force. The workmen told him to do as he pleased and the policeman telephoned for help. Shortly afterwards, four more policemen arrived and
一、单词与短语 mild: adj.温和的，温暖的； ①adj.(天气等)温和的、温暖的； 例句：We had a mild winter last yea r. 去年我们度过了一个温暖的冬天。 ②adj.(人性情等)温和的； 例句：Tom is a mild man who never gets angry. 汤姆性情温和从来不生气 ③adj.(食物等)味道淡的； 例句：Try this mild soap. 尝一下这味道清淡的汤。 always: adv.总是; always是一个常见的词也是一个经常考的词，关于always 这个词的考点需要掌握以下三点： ①always与Sometimes、usually、regularly、often、every year、every week、every day等词及短语是一般现在时显著的标志。 ②always有“一再、老是”的意思，这个词义在考试中也常考，它表示“对一种经常出现的情况或动作的一种厌烦情绪”如：He is always late for class: 他上课总是迟到。 ③关于always的一个常见的重点搭配形式：be always doing sth: 总是、、、它也表示“对一种经常出现的情况或动作的一
种厌烦情绪”。 如：He is always asking silly questions. 他总是问些愚蠢的问题。 方位的表达： east: n.东方；west: n.西方；south: n.南方；north: n.北方； 补充：northeast东北；northwest西北；southeast东南；southwest 西南；另外在方位前一定要加定冠词the。 wet: adj.潮湿的；season: n.季节； best: adv.最；adj.最好的；n.最佳者，最好的东西； best这个词在英语中也是经常考的词，关于这个词在中学阶段应该重点掌握以下三点： ①best 是形容词good和副词well的最高级形式表示“最好的”的意思。 例：what is the best way to solve the prolem? 解决这个问题最好的方式是什么？ ②当best作副词的时候需要掌握一个重点短语：had best:最好，这个短语跟had better可以互换。 如：You had best do it again. 你最好再做一次 另一种表达方式： You had better do it again. 你最好再做一次。
裕兴新概念英语第一册笔记完整版 ?1）v. 原谅 ?eg. Excuse me. 请原谅，劳驾。 2）n. 借口 ?eg. It?s an excuse. ?me pron. 我（宾格:用来做宾语的。） ?eg. He loves me. 他爱我. ?eg. She cheats me. 他骗我. ?eg. Please tell me. 他告诉我. Excuse me 的用法 这个短语经常被译作“对不起”，但它并不表示你有什么过错，而是说你要打搅别人，所以常被译作“劳驾”。1）为了要引起别人的注意 ?eg. Excuse me. Is this you handbag? 2）要打扰某人或要打断别人话 ?eg. Excuse me . May I ask you a question? 3) 向陌生人问路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station? 4) 向某人借东西 ?eg. Excuse me. Can I bor row your pen? 5) 需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me? 6) 要求在宴席或会议中途中离开一会儿 eg. Excuse me. May I lease for a little while? ?sorry 用于当你做错事而向别人道歉的时候，表示“对不起”。 1）请问几点了？ ?eg. Excuse me. What time is it? 2) 不小心把水弄到了别人的身上。 ?eg. Sorry. 或者I?m sorry! 3) 对不起，我先失陪一下 ?eg. Excuse me. 4) 误解了别人的意思 ?eg. Sorry. ?yes 1)adv. 是的（对一般疑问句的肯定回答） ?eg. Are you mad? --Yes, I am. 2)经常用于应答，表示“什么事”。 ?eg. Excuse me? 请问/劳驾？ ---Yes? 什么事？ ?is v. be 动词现在时第三人称单数 ?be : is am are ?is 用于单数名词或单数第三人称代词。 ?eg. He is a student. 他是一个学生。 ?eg. That?s an egg. 那是一个鸡蛋。（That?s= That is）
新概念英语第三册笔记 New words and expressions】生词和短语●punctuality n. 准时 ●rural adv. 农村的 ●disregard v. 不顾，无视 ●intellectual n. 知识分子 ●abstruse adj. 深奥的 ●coordinate v. 协调 ●reproach v. 责备 ●puncture v. 刺破（轮胎） ●diversion n. 改道，绕道 ●trial n. 讨厌的事，人 ●fraction n. 很小一点儿 ●flourish n. 挥舞（打手劳） ●microscopic adj. 微小的 ●adamant adj. 坚定的，不动摇的 ◆punctuality n. 准时 punctual: adj. 守时 be punctual to the minute ◆rural adv. 农村的
urban adj. 城市的 ◆disregard v. 不顾，无视 disregard sth disregard == ignore pay no attention to take no notice of in disregard of treat sb. with disregard: 怠慢某人 ◆intellectual n. 知识分子 ◆abstruse adj. 深奥的 abstract: 抽象的 Eg: I am not good at mathematics, because the subject is not only abstract but also abstruce. ◆◆coordinate v. 协调 Eg: Our efforts need to be further coordinated for higher efficiency. efficiency: == be efficient:效率 Eg: If you wnat to complete an ideal job with your classmates as quickly as possible, I think ypu must coodniate everything as much as
新概念英语第三册课堂学习笔记第42课 Modern Cavemen 第一段词汇解析 ①relatively = comparatively, quite。 ②desire for solitude = wish to be alone。 ③lures = attracts, tempts。 ④arouse = wake up, excite。 第二段词汇解析 ①precise = exact, detailed。 ②confront = be faced with and have to deal with。 ③is barely noticeable = can hardly be seen。 第三段词汇解析 ①cleft = fissure。 ②eerie = eery，同音同义。 ③continuously 的反义词(antonym)为 intermittently。 Notes 学习笔记 词组归纳 https://www.doczj.com/doc/6d9328529.html,e to be known
2.down to 3.give a satisfactory explanation https://www.doczj.com/doc/6d9328529.html,itary operation 5.as long as 6.rig up rope ladder 7.extend to 8.underground stream 9.entrance to sth. 10.a number of 11.a team of 12.go down 13.climb down 14.edge one’s way along 15.wade across 16.drop into 17.at the bottom of 18.plunge into 19.load on 20.the far end of 21.huge piles of 22.wash up
新概念英语第三册逐句精讲语言点第53课(6) In the Public Interest 为了公众的利益 The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies. Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too. The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public. As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual. A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State.The official title of the person is 'Justiteombudsman', but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the 'J.O.' or 'Ombudsman'. The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure. He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society. As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1,200 letters a year. He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and examines every single letter in detail. There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsman's work, for his correspondence is open to public inspection. If a citizen's complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint. He may gently reprimand an official
新概念英语第一册 笔记完整版 ?1）v. 原谅 ?eg. Excuse me. 请原谅，劳驾。 2）n. 借口 ?eg. It?s an excuse. ?me pron. 我（宾格:用来做宾语的。）?eg. He loves me. 他爱我. ?eg. She cheats me. 他骗我. ?eg. Please tell me. 他告诉我. Excuse me 的用法 这个短语经常被译作“对不起”，但它并不表示你有什么过错，而是说你要打搅别人，所以常被译作“劳驾”。 1）为了要引起别人的注意 ?eg. Excuse me. Is this you handbag? 2）要打扰某人或要打断别人话 ?eg. Excuse me . May I ask you a question? 3) 向陌生人问路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station? 4) 向某人借东西 ?eg. Excuse me. Can I borrow your pen? 5) 需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me? 6) 要求在宴席或会议中途中离开一会儿eg. Excuse me. May I lease for a little while? ?sorry 用于当你做错事而向别人道歉的时候，表示“对不起”。 1）请问几点了？ ?eg. Excuse me. What time is it? 2) 不小心把水弄到了别人的身上。 ?eg. Sorry. 或者 I?m sorry! 3) 对不起，我先失陪一下 ?eg. Excuse me. 4) 误解了别人的意思 ?eg. Sorry. ?yes 1)adv. 是的（对一般疑问句的肯定回答）?eg. Are you mad? --Yes, I am. 2)经常用于应答，表示“什么事”。 ?eg. Excuse me? 请问/劳驾？ ---Yes? 什么事？ ?is v. be 动词现在时第三人称单数 ?be : is am are ?is 用于单数名词或单数第三人称代词。 ?eg. He is a student. 他是一个学生。 ?eg. That?s an egg. 那是一个鸡蛋。（That?s= That is） ?eg. This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。 ?your 你的，你们的（物主代词后面加名词）?your key 你的钥匙 ?eg. This is your key. 这是你的钥匙。 ?eg. That is your book. 那是你的书。 ?your room 你们的房间 ?eg. That is your room. 那是你们的房间。 ?pardon 原谅，请再说一遍 ?pardon=pardon me=I beg your pardon? 能再说一遍吗？ ?eg. Is this your pencil? 这是你的铅笔吗？ --Yes, it is. 是的，它是。（it 指代 pencil） ?thank you 感谢你（们） 2）you 代词（你，你们） 主格-----作主语 ?eg. You are a good student. 你是一个好学生。 宾格------作宾语
裕兴新概念英语第三册笔记第三课课文讲解 老猴子咬菜根学习交流 Lesson 3 An unknown goddess 无名女神 Some time ago, and interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. Houses -- often three storeys high -- were built of stone. They had large rooms with beautifully decorated walls. The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets. The temple which the archaeologists explored was used as a place of worship from the fifteenth century . until Roman times. In the most sacred room of temple, clay fragments of fifteen statues were found. Each of these represented a goddess and had, at one time, been painted. The body of one statue was found among remains dating from the fifteenth century . It's missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century . This head must have been found in Classical times and carefully preserved. It was very old and precious even then. When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. She stood three feet high and her hands rested on her hips. She was wearing a full-length skirt which swept the ground. Despite her great age, she was very graceful indeed, but, so far, the archaeologists have been unable to discover her identity. 1. Some time ago, and interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. 不久之前，在爱琴海的基亚岛上，考古工作者有一项有趣的发现。 make a discovery 做出发现 make a name for oneself 出名 make history 创造历史 make a noise 名噪一时 eg. Ben Laden really made a noise by . 本·拉登通过事件名噪一时。make a dent: to make a first step towards success in something 取得初步的、有效的进展；奏效 eg. Chinese open-up policy has made a dent. 中国的改革开放政策已经初见成效。 Aegean [i:'d?i:?n] n.爱琴海（地中海的一部分,在希腊同土耳其之间）The Aegean sea lies between Greece and Turkey, part of Mediterranean Sea.主题句：为典型的记叙文开头句 记叙文的文体特点：时间、地点、人物、事件。并按事件发生的时间、空间顺序描写，把握住其特征，就能轻松应对文章的理解。 Time: some time ago
Lesson 02 Thirteen equals one 十三等于一 New words and expression 生词和短语 equal v.等于 A 等于 B A equals B Equal vt.与...相匹敌 -- None of us can equal her, either in beauty or as a dancer. be equal to +名词（equal adj.不相上下的） -- Mary is quite equal to John in brains.（n.智力, 脑髓） 玛丽可以和约翰在脑力上相匹敌。 be equal to doing：有能力, 有力量来做某事（to 是介词） -- I am equal to running the company. vicar n.牧师 raise v.募集，筹（款） -- raise money 募集资金 提高 -- raise the price 提高物价 饲养、供养 -- raise a horse 饲养一匹马 种植 -- raise wheat 种植小麦 召集、招募 -- raise an army 招募一支军队（army n.陆军, 军队） 提出、发出 -- raise a cheer 发出欢呼声（cheer n.愉快, 欢呼） torchlight n.电筒光 torch n.手电筒 cause n.事情 church n.教堂 figure n.外形, 轮廓, 体形 grocer n.食品商人, 杂货商人 bell n.钟, 铃, 钟声, 钟形之物 tower n.塔, 城堡 Text 课文 Was the vicar pleased that the clock was striking? Why? Our vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. 现在进行时和 always 等频度副词搭配时：表示说话人带有某种的情感色彩 Tom is always doing homework. 汤姆总是做家庭作业，怎么也做不完。 Tom always does his homework. 汤姆总是做家庭作业，不拖欠作业。 He is always making noises. 他总是吵吵闹闹，真烦人。 one or another：表示这样或那样 -- for one reason or another 处于这样或那样的原因 -- at one time or another 在这样或那样的时间 -- in one way or another 用这样或那样的方法 get enough money to do sth 募集足够的资金做某事 -- I have to get enough money to have my house repaired. 第 10 页
新概念英语第三册笔记 第一段词汇解析 ①explored = examined。 ②ancient = very old。 ③prosperous = wealthy, booming,flourishing。 ④storeys = floors。 ⑤beneath = under。 ⑥for 引导原因状语从句，对主句附加说明，because 强调原因。 第二段词汇解析 ①sacred = holy, solemn, divine。 ②fragments = pieces。
③remains = surviving pieces。 ④这里B.C.的第二个点与句号合并，为了避免误以为是从句，用括号标出一个不必标出的句号，下同。⑤英语中表示惊讶的词语强弱程度如下：弱surprised，astonished，amazed，astounded 强。 小贴士 如何背单词？ 编者认为在准备四六级的过程中，除了认真学习本书之外，还应该在背熟高考考纲词汇的基础上认真背记大学英语四、六级词汇，市面上各种词汇书琳琅满目，其实质就是考纲词汇表的注释，大体差不多，选一本自己比较喜欢的就行。具体可以借鉴艾宾浩斯遗忘曲线记忆法，在你初背以后的20 分钟、1 小时、8 小时、1 天、2 天、6天、31 天都要进行复习！以笔者为例，早上起床以后进行初背，背完后读二十分钟英语接着便是第一次复习，吃过早餐后进行第二次复习，中午起来后进行第三次复习，日后几天的空闲时间也好、中午睡觉前后也好一定要及时复习。我每天背二十个，就在这二十个单词旁边标
明要复习的日期，背完就打个勾。这是极其考验毅力和情商（统筹、执行等能力）的一件事情。二十个单词怎么背，在初背时，首先一个单词一个单词地背，背完第二个后要先复习第一个然后再去背第三个，背完后先复习第二个再去背第四个，依此类推。当然，复习时就没有必要了，我推荐的复习方法是看着中文来回想单词，再看着英文单词说出中文意思，每一次复习后都要感觉这二十个家伙已被自己了如指掌。具体每天背多少个单词因人而异，但是切记贪多嚼不烂，少就是多！
新概念英语第三册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson42【课文】 Cave exploration, or potholing, as it has come to be known, is a relatively new sport. Perhaps it is the desire for solitude or the chance of making an unexpected discovery that lures men down to the depths of the earth. It is impossible to give a satisfactory explanation for a pot- holer's motives. For him, caves have the same peculiar fascination which high mountains have for the climber. They arouse instincts which can only be dimly understood. Exploring really deep caves is not a task for the Sunday afternoon rambler. Such undertakings require the precise planning and foresight of military operations. It can take as long as eight days to rig up rope ladders and to establish supply bases before a descent can be made into a very deep cave. Precautions of this sort are necessary, for it is impossible to foretell the exact nature of the difficulties which will confront the potholer. The deepest known cave in the world is the Gouffre Berger near Grenoble. It extends to a depth of 3723 feet. This immense chasm has been formed by an underground stream which has tunnelled a course through a flaw in the rocks. The entrance to the cave is on a plateau in the Dauphine Alps. As it is only six feet across, it is barely noticeable. The cave might never have been discovered had not the entrance been spotted by the distinguished French potholer, Berger. Since its discovery, it has become a sort of potholers' Everest. Though a number of descents have been made, much of it still remains to be explored.
Lesson 53 An interesting climate Betty https://www.doczj.com/doc/6d9328529.html,d adj ①温和的，温暖的 a mild climate We had a mild winter last year. 我们去年过了一个温暖的冬天。 ②（性情）温和的gentle 指后天的一种修养，文雅的John is a mild man. ③味道淡的Try this mild dish. 尝尝这个味道淡一点的菜。 His grandfather likes the mild taste. 他的爷爷喜欢这个清淡的味道。 wild adj. 野性的，野蛮的 a wild elephant 2.always adv. 总是 Do you always stay at home in the evening? Not always. The boy is always asking why. 这个男孩总是问着问那没个完。 The baby always cries at night. She is always late for school. She always reads in bed. 她总是躺在床上看书。 3.north n.北方/adj. 北方的 in the north of…在…的北部Hebei Province is in the north of China.[?pr?v?ns] 河北省在中国的北部 4.east n.东方/adj. 东方的 The red sun rises in the east. 红太阳在东方升起。 northeast 东北部、东北in the northeast 5.wet adj. 潮湿的 dry adj. 干的v.变干[dra?] wet clothes be/get wet through 全身湿透了 Don’t go out. You’ll get wet through. My coat is wet through. 6.west n.西方/adj. 西方的 In the west northwest 西北 7.south n.南方/adj. 南方的 Southwest西南southeast 东南 8.season n.季节spring, summer, autumn/fall, winter Autumn is the best season for travel. [?tr?vl] In the high season 在旺季 In the low season 在淡季 9.best adv. 最 I like winter. I like winter best. 10.night n. 夜晚 In the morining/afternoon/evening at night在夜里all night （long）整夜day and night 整日整夜 He often comes home from work at night. 他经常天黑才下班回家。 11.rise ①v.升起，上升The sun rises in the east. 太阳从东方升起。 ②v.起身，起床My mother always rises early. 我母亲总是很早起床。 12.early ①adv. 早You must come home early. （early 是副词修饰动词come） ②adj. 早的in the early morning 一大早（early 是形容词，修饰名词morning） 13.set v.(太阳)落下去 In summer, the sun sets late. sunset n.日落sunrise n.日出
新概念英语第一册笔记完整版 ?1）v. 原谅 ?eg. Excuse me. 请原谅，劳驾。 2）n. 借口 ?eg.It?s an excuse. ?me pron. 我（宾格:用来做宾语的。） ?eg. He loves me. 他爱我. ?eg. She cheats me. 他骗我. ?eg. Please tell me. 他告诉我. Excuse me 的用法 这个短语经常被译作―对不起‖，但它并不表示你有什么过错，而是说你要打搅别人，所以常被译作―劳驾‖。 1）为了要引起别人的注意 ?eg. Excuse me. Is this you handbag? 2）要打扰某人或要打断别人话 ?eg. Excuse me . May I ask you a question? 3) 向陌生人问路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please tell me the way to the railway station? 4) 向某人借东西 ?eg. Excuse me. Can I borrow your pen? 5) 需要从别人身边挤过或让别人给自己让路 ?eg. Excuse me. Could you please make some room for me? 6) 要求在宴席或会议中途中离开一会儿 eg. Excuse me. May I lease for a little while? ?sorry 用于当你做错事而向别人道歉的时候，表示―对不起‖。 1）请问几点了？ ?eg. Excuse me. What time is it? 2) 不小心把水弄到了别人的身上。 ?eg. Sorry. 或者I?m sorry! 3) 对不起，我先失陪一下 ?eg. Excuse me. 4) 误解了别人的意思?eg. Sorry. ?yes 1) adv. 是的（对一般疑问句的肯定回答） ?eg. Are you mad? --Yes, I am. 2)经常用于应答，表示―什么事‖。? eg. Excuse me? 请问/劳驾？ ---Yes? 什么事？ --我准备把它带给我的姐姐。 I‘m going to take it to my sister.
新概念英语第三册学习笔记第42课 Modern Cavemen 第一段词汇解析 ①relatively = comparatively, quite。 ②desire for solitude = wish to be alone。 ③lures = attracts, tempts。 ④arouse = wake up, excite。 第二段词汇解析 ①precise = exact, detailed。 ②confront = be faced with and have to deal with。 ③is barely noticeable = can hardly be seen。 第三段词汇解析 ①cleft = fissure。 ②eerie = eery，同音同义。 ③continuously 的反义词(antonym)为 intermittently。 Notes 学习笔记 词组归纳 https://www.doczj.com/doc/6d9328529.html,e to be known
2.down to 3.give a satisfactory explanation https://www.doczj.com/doc/6d9328529.html,itary operation 5.as long as 6.rig up rope ladder 7.extend to 8.underground stream 9.entrance to sth. 10.a number of 11.a team of 12.go down 13.climb down 14.edge one’s way along 15.wade across 16.drop into 17.at the bottom of 18.plunge into 19.load on 20.the far end of 21.huge piles of 22.wash up
新概念第三册课文翻译及学习笔记：Lesson53 【课文】 The Scandinavian countries are much admired all over the world for their enlightened social policies. Sweden has evolved an excellent system for protecting the individual citizen from high-handed or incompetent public officers. The system has worked so well, that it has been adopted in other countries too. The Swedes were the first to recognize that public official like civil servants, police officers, health inspectors or tax-collectors can make mistakes or act over-zealously in the belief that they are serving the public. As long ago as 1809, the Swedish Parliament introduced a scheme to safeguard the interest of the individual. A parliamentary committee representing all political parties appoints a person who is suitably qualified to investigate private grievances against the State. The official title of the person is 'Justiteombudsman', but the Swedes commonly refer to him as the 'J.O.' or 'Ombudsman'. The Ombudsman is not subject to political pressure. He investigates complaints large and small that come to him from all levels of society. As complaints must be made in writing, the Ombudsman receives an average of 1,200 letters a year. He has eight lawyer assistants to help him and examines every single letter in detail. There is nothing secretive about the Ombudsman's work, for his correspondence is open to public inspection. If a citizen's complaint is justified, the Ombudsman will act on his behalf. The action he takes varies according to the nature of the complaint. He may gently reprimand an official